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[
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096be",
"name": "abductive reasoning",
"definition_text": "The process of adopting an explanatory hypothesis; inferring the cause A as a possible explanation for the consequence B.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25058
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096e3",
"name": "abstract analogy",
"definition_text": "high-level analogy that retains general information relevant to many specific instances",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25059
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096f0",
"name": "abstract knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge that is general and not tied to a specific instance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25060
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096fc",
"name": "acoustic coding",
"definition_text": "a type of short term memory coding that represents the acoustic properties of the signal",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25061
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09707",
"name": "acoustic encoding",
"definition_text": "the processing and encoding of auditory input for storage and later retrieval.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25062
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09713",
"name": "acoustic phonetic processing",
"definition_text": "the cognitive ability to discriminate items on the basis of contrasts in sonorance, manner, place, or voicing in auditory stimuli.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25063
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0971e",
"name": "acoustic processing",
"definition_text": "the extraction of information from signals propagated undersea, in the atmosphere, or in the solid earth in the presence of acoustic noise.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25064
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09735",
"name": "action",
"definition_text": "the bringing about of an alteration by force or through a natural agency; expression by means of attitude, voice, and gesture; a function of the body or one of its parts; an act of will; a thing done; the accomplishment of a thing usually over a period of time, in stages, or with the possibility of repetition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25065
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09741",
"name": "activation",
"definition_text": "the relative engagement of a particular mental representation compared to other representations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25066
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0974d",
"name": "activation level",
"definition_text": "quantity or amount of activation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25067
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09758",
"name": "adaptation",
"definition_text": "adjustment to environmental conditions; adjustment of a sense organ to the intensity or quality of stimulation; modification of an organism or its parts that makes it more fit for existence under the conditions of its environment. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25068
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09764",
"name": "adaptive control",
"definition_text": "modifying the control law used by a controller to cope with the fact that the parameters of the system being controlled are slowly time-varying or uncertain.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25069
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09770",
"name": "affect perception",
"definition_text": "The ability to understand a facial, vocal, or gestural behavior that serves as an indicator of emotion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25070
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0977b",
"name": "affect recognition",
"definition_text": "The ability to understand a physical expression that serves as an indicator of emotion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25071
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097b4",
"name": "altruism",
"definition_text": "helping others in the absence of an immediately obvious reward.",
"alias": "selflessness",
"ID(c)": 25072
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097bf",
"name": "altruistic motivation",
"definition_text": "A desire or need to help others driven by selflessness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25073
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097cb",
"name": "alveolar",
"definition_text": "speech sound articulated with the tip of the tongue touching or near the teethridge.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25074
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097d6",
"name": "amodal representation",
"definition_text": "The way the brain codes multiple inputs such as words and pictures to integrate and create a larger conceptual idea; independent of a particular modality",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25075
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097e2",
"name": "analog representation",
"definition_text": "a value or variable in analog form.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25076
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097ed",
"name": "analogical encoding",
"definition_text": "the structural comparison of a familiar with a novel situation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25077
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097f9",
"name": "analogical inference",
"definition_text": "is the ability to reason by permitting the extension of knowledge of a target domain by virtue of its similarity to a base domain. The general procedure for analogical inference involves copying structure from the base to the target in which missing information is generated, and substitutions are made for items for which analogical correspondences have already been found.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25078
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09804",
"name": "analogical problem solving",
"definition_text": "using principles or concepts from a well-understood situation to solve problems in a new domain or area",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25079
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09810",
"name": "analogical reasoning",
"definition_text": "a method of processing information that compares the similarities between new and understood concepts, then uses those similarities to gain understanding of the new concept; a form of inductive reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25080
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0981b",
"name": "analogical transfer",
"definition_text": "The transfer of knowledge from one situation to another by finding a set of one-to-one correspondences between aspects of one body of information and aspects of another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25081
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09827",
"name": "analogy",
"definition_text": "inference that if two or more things agree with one another in some respects they will probably agree in others; resemblance in some particulars between things otherwise unlike; correspondence between the members of pairs or sets of linguistic forms that serves as a basis for the creation of another form; correspondence in function between anatomical parts of different structure and origin.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25082
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09833",
"name": "anchoring",
"definition_text": "a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to rely too heavily, or "anchor," on one trait or piece of information when making decisions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25083
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09849",
"name": "anticipation",
"definition_text": "prior expectation of an event or occurrence, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction",
"alias": "intuition, foreknowledge, prescience, foresight, prediction, imaginative speculation",
"ID(c)": 25084
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09855",
"name": "apparent motion",
"definition_text": "The illusory perception that movement is occurring in one or more static images.",
"alias": "apparent movement",
"ID(c)": 25085
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0986c",
"name": "apperception",
"definition_text": "the process by which new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum of past experience of an individual to form a new whole.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25086
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09877",
"name": "appetitive motivation",
"definition_text": "behavior directed toward goals that are usually associated with positive hedonic processes. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25087
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09883",
"name": "arousal",
"definition_text": "Disambiguation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25088
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0988f",
"name": "articulation",
"definition_text": "the act of vocally producing an utterance or expression",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25089
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0989a",
"name": "articulatory planning",
"definition_text": "The action of coordinating complex tongue and mouth movements in order to produce sound. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25090
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098a6",
"name": "articulatory rehearsal",
"definition_text": "the process of subvocally repeating material that is to be stored in memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25091
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098b2",
"name": "assimilation",
"definition_text": "the process of receiving new facts or of responding to new situations in conformity with what is already available to consciousness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25092
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098bd",
"name": "association",
"definition_text": "the process of forming mental connections or bonds between sensations, ideas, or memories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25093
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098c9",
"name": "association learning",
"definition_text": "learning process in which two or more items or concepts become associated with each other; often used in relation to learned stimulus-response associations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25094
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098e0",
"name": "attachment",
"definition_text": "a social connection between individuals",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25095
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098eb",
"name": "attended channel",
"definition_text": "the particular input, out of two or more, that is consciously perceived due to attention. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25096
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098f7",
"name": "attended stimulus",
"definition_text": "the specific object in the environment on which attention is focused.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25097
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09902",
"name": "attention",
"definition_text": "used to describe any number of cognitive processes, organized as top-down or bottom-up, goal-directed or stimulus-driven, and more, but generally reflecting an interplay between cognitive and sensory systems.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25098
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0990e",
"name": "attention capacity",
"definition_text": "refers to the extent that one can allocate their processing resources.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25099
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09919",
"name": "attentional effort",
"definition_text": "a motivated activation of attention systems in order to stabilize or recover attentional performance in response to the detection of errors and reward loss or, more generally, deteriorating attentional performance; amount of attentional resources needed for a particular situation; engagement of attentional resources",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25100
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09925",
"name": "attentional resources",
"definition_text": "amount of available attentional capacity",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25101
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09930",
"name": "attentional state",
"definition_text": "referring to amount of attentional resources being engaged; a relaxed attentional state requires little attentional effort, whereas an alert, focused attentional state requires more",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25102
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09947",
"name": "attitude",
"definition_text": "a mental position with regard to a fact or state",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25103
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09953",
"name": "audiovisual perception",
"definition_text": "a single unified awareness derived from the integration of auditory and visual sensory processes when a audiovisual stimulus is present. \r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25104
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0995e",
"name": "audition",
"definition_text": "the sense or act of hearing.",
"alias": "auditory",
"ID(c)": 25105
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a10",
"name": "auditory attention",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one auditory stream in the environment while ignoring others.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25106
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a3d",
"name": "auditory coding",
"definition_text": "processing and encoding of sound, words, and all other auditory input for storage and later retrieval. According to Baddeley, processing of auditory information is aided by the concept of the phonological loop, which allows input within our echoic memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25107
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a49",
"name": "auditory encoding",
"definition_text": "the process of storing auditory information in memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25108
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a55",
"name": "auditory feedback",
"definition_text": "is provided by auditory stimulation in response to specific behavior. The feedback may be used to amend subsequent behavior, cognition, perception or performance.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25109
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a61",
"name": "auditory grouping",
"definition_text": "joining disparate sounds together into one percept; assessing which acoustic streams belong together",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25110
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a6c",
"name": "auditory imagery",
"definition_text": "the subjective experience of hearing in the absence of auditory stimulation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25111
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a78",
"name": "auditory learning",
"definition_text": "learning of auditorily presented information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25112
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a84",
"name": "auditory lexical access",
"definition_text": "The process by which the basic sound-meaning connections of language, i.e., lexical entries, are activated.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25113
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a8f",
"name": "auditory localization",
"definition_text": "a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25114
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a9b",
"name": "auditory masking",
"definition_text": "the perception of one sound is affected by the presence of another sound; presenting a sound to interfere with or terminate a target sound",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25115
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09aa7",
"name": "auditory memory",
"definition_text": "the cognitive capacity of storing and retrieving information related to sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25116
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ab2",
"name": "auditory perception",
"definition_text": "The ability to identify, interpret, and attach meaning to sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25117
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09abe",
"name": "auditory scene",
"definition_text": "auditory scene analysis is the process by which the human auditory system organizes sound into perceptually meaningful elements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25118
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09aca",
"name": "auditory scene analysis",
"definition_text": "the process by which the human auditory system organizes sound into perceptually meaningful elements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25119
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ad5",
"name": "auditory sentence comprehension",
"definition_text": "ability to combine auditory words into a meaningful sentence unit. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25120
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ae1",
"name": "auditory stream segregation",
"definition_text": "the perceptual grouping of sounds to form coherent representations of objects in the acoustic scene; a fundamental aspect of hearing and speech perception.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25121
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09aed",
"name": "auditory word comprehension",
"definition_text": "ability to parse acoustic signals into meaningful words",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25122
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09af8",
"name": "auditory word recognition",
"definition_text": "ability to recognize acoustically presented words",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25123
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b04",
"name": "auditory working memory",
"definition_text": "Working memory for auditory information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25124
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b10",
"name": "autobiographical memory",
"definition_text": "a memory system consisting of episodes recollected from an individualâs life, based on a combination of episodic (personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place) and semantic (general knowledge and facts about the world) memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25125
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b1c",
"name": "autobiographical recall",
"definition_text": "episodes recollected from an individualâs life, based on a combination of episodic (personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place) and semantic (general knowledge and facts about the world) memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25126
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b28",
"name": "automaticity",
"definition_text": "behavior performed without intention",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25127
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b33",
"name": "availability heuristic",
"definition_text": "A heuristic in which people predict the frequency of classes or the probability of events based on the ease with which relevant instances come to mind. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25128
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b3f",
"name": "aversive learning",
"definition_text": "behavior modification using an adverse stimulus in response to the inappropriate or undesirable behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25129
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b62",
"name": "backward chaining",
"definition_text": "an inference method used in automated theorem provers, proof assistants and other artificial intelligence applications. Backward chaining starts with a list of goals (or a hypothesis) and works backwards from the consequent to the antecedent to see if there is data available that will support any of these consequents.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25130
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b79",
"name": "behavioral inhibition",
"definition_text": "Disambiguation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25131
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b85",
"name": "belief",
"definition_text": "a state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing; conviction of the truth of some statement or the reality of some being or phenomenon especially when based on examination of evidence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25132
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b9c",
"name": "binocular convergence",
"definition_text": "when you look at an object that is closer than approximately 25 feet, your eyes must converge on the object to perceive it as a single object clearly in focus." ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25133
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bb3",
"name": "binocular disparity",
"definition_text": "the difference in image location of an object seen by the left and right eyes, resulting from the eyes' horizontal separation. The brain uses binocular disparity to extract depth information from the two-dimensional retinal images in stereopsis.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25134
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bbf",
"name": "binocular vision",
"definition_text": "is vision in which both eyes are used together. Having two eyes confers at least four advantages over having one. First, it gives a creature a spare eye in case one is damaged. Second, it gives a wider field of view. Third, it gives binocular summation in which the ability to detect faint objects is enhanced. Fourth it can give stereopsis in which parallax provided by the two eyes' different positions on the head give precise depth perception. Such binocular vision is usually accompanied by singleness of vision or binocular fusion, in which a single image is seen despite each eye's having its own image of any object. Other phenomena of binocular vision include utrocular discrimination, eye dominance, allelotropia, and binocular rivalry.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25135
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bcb",
"name": "bitterness",
"definition_text": "being or inducing the one of the four basic taste sensations that is peculiarly acrid, astringent, or disagreeable; marked by intensity or severity; marked by cynicism and rancor; intensely unpleasant especially in coldness or rawness; expressive of severe pain, grief, or regret.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25136
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09be2",
"name": "body orientation",
"definition_text": "perception of the orientation of the body overall relative to other objects in the environment",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25137
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bee",
"name": "capacity limitation",
"definition_text": "a limitation on the capacity to process information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25138
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bf9",
"name": "case based reasoning",
"definition_text": "the process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25139
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c05",
"name": "categorical clustering",
"definition_text": "the clustering of recalled items based on category membership",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25140
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c11",
"name": "categorical knowledge",
"definition_text": "knowledge about different attributes and uses of an object that allows it to be placed in a group of objects with similar attributes and uses.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25141
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c1c",
"name": "categorical perception",
"definition_text": "A form of perception in which the individual perceives a categorical distinction rather than a continuous scale of a varying perceptual feature. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25142
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c28",
"name": "categorization",
"definition_text": "The assignment of a stimulus to one of a set of categories",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25143
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c34",
"name": "category based induction",
"definition_text": "requires that information about one set of categories is used to infer something about another category. A set of premises establishes that one or more categories possess a certain property. The premises are followed by an assertion (the conclusion) that a target category also possesses that property. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25144
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c3f",
"name": "category learning",
"definition_text": "is a strategy which requires a learner to compare and contrast groups or categories that contain concept-relevant features with groups or categories that do not contain concept-relevant features.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25145
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c5b",
"name": "causal inference",
"definition_text": "The process of inferring that one state/object/event causes the occurrence of another state/object/event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25146
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c69",
"name": "central attention",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive process that allows one to focus on the most important and relevant train of thought that needs to be attended to in a specific situation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25147
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c74",
"name": "centration",
"definition_text": "the tendency to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25148
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c80",
"name": "chemonociception",
"definition_text": "perception of stimulation by noxious chemical agents",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25149
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c97",
"name": "chromatic contrast",
"definition_text": "When a small patch is surrounded by a color field, the patch appears to be tinted in the opponent color of the surrounding field.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25150
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ca3",
"name": "chunk",
"definition_text": "Structure in memory that is used as a unit of knowledge representation. Also refers to the process of learning by which these units are acquired.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25151
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09cae",
"name": "chunking",
"definition_text": "The process of recoding information by splitting or reorganizing it into smaller parts. \r\nActually: combining several smaller items into a larger "group" item, i.e.: 3 separate "incoming aircraft" considered as "3 incoming aircraft". Significantly reduces the working memory space used. Likely concept model for computer programming data-forms that list pointers to numerous specific data. Larger classes of concepts include: Learning and Memory, Attention, Action (Planning), Executive Control.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25152
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d35",
"name": "cognitive development",
"definition_text": "the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25153
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d41",
"name": "cognitive dissonance",
"definition_text": "The mental state in which a person holds multiple conflicting ideas simultaneously",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25154
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d4d",
"name": "cognitive effort",
"definition_text": "Consciously or intentionally engaging cognitive resources in order to achieve a particular end.",
"alias": "mental effort",
"ID(c)": 25155
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d58",
"name": "cognitive heuristic",
"definition_text": "are simple, efficient rules, hard-coded by evolutionary processes or learned, which have been proposed to explain how people make decisions, come to judgments, and solve problems, typically when facing complex problems or incomplete information. These rules work well under most circumstances, but in certain cases lead to systematic errors or cognitive biases.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25156
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d64",
"name": "cognitive load",
"definition_text": "The amount of demand placed on working memory, typically expressed along some continuum and within a theoretical maximum.",
"alias": "cognitive effort, processing capacity",
"ID(c)": 25157
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d70",
"name": "cognitive map",
"definition_text": "a type of mental processing composed of a series of psychological transformations by which an individual can acquire, code, store, recall, and decode information about the relative locations and attributes of phenomena in their everyday or metaphorical spatial environment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25158
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d93",
"name": "color perception",
"definition_text": "The process of distinguishing objects based on the wavelengths of the light they reflect or emit.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25159
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d9e",
"name": "communication",
"definition_text": "a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25160
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09daa",
"name": "competition",
"definition_text": "the act or process of competing; active demand by two or more organisms or kinds of organisms for some environmental resource in short supply; a contest between rivals.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25161
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09db6",
"name": "concept",
"definition_text": "a cognitive unit of meaningâan abstract idea or a mental symbol sometimes defined as a "unit of knowledge," built from other units which act as a concept's characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25162
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dc1",
"name": "concept learning",
"definition_text": "Concept learning, also known as category learning and concept attainment, is largely based on the works of the cognitive psychologist Jerome Bruner. Bruner, Goodnow, & Austin (1967) defined concept attainment (or concept learning) as "the search for and listing of attributes that can be used to distinguish exemplars from non exemplars of various categories." More simply put, concepts are the mental categories that help us classify objects, events, or ideas and each object, event, or idea has a set of common relevant features. Thus, concept learning is a strategy which requires a learner to compare and contrast groups or categories that contain concept-relevant features with groups or categories that do not contain concept-relevant features.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25163
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dcd",
"name": "conceptual category",
"definition_text": "a way of organizing information, generally derived from experience; they can be part of a hierarchy, as in a taxonomy, or without, as in an alphabet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25164
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dd9",
"name": "conceptual coherence",
"definition_text": "combining a set concepts to make sense of a situation or set of situations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25165
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09de4",
"name": "conceptual planning",
"definition_text": "in linguistics, a flexible process of preparation pertaining to grammatical structure of clauses, occurring both before and during production thereof",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25166
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09df0",
"name": "conceptual skill",
"definition_text": "is the ability to form concepts about abstract and complex ideas such as communication, language, time, and money, for example.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25167
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dfc",
"name": "conceptualization",
"definition_text": "to form a concept of; to interpret.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25168
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e07",
"name": "conditional reasoning",
"definition_text": "the reasoner must draw a conclusion based on a conditional, or âifâ¦then,â proposition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25169
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e13",
"name": "conflict detection",
"definition_text": "arises in the presence of concurrently active, mutually exclusive representations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25170
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e1e",
"name": "conjunction search",
"definition_text": "the process of searching for a target that is not defined by any single unique visual feature, but by a combination of two or more features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25171
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e2a",
"name": "connotation",
"definition_text": "the suggesting of a meaning by a word apart from the thing it explicitly names or describes; something suggested by a word or thing; the signification of something; an essential property or group of properties of a thing named by a term in logic.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25172
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e35",
"name": "consciousness",
"definition_text": "the quality or state of being aware especially of something within oneself; the state or fact of being conscious of an external object, state, or fact; the state of being characterized by sensation, emotion, volition, and thought; the totality of conscious states of an individual; the normal state of conscious life,(regained consciousness); the upper level of mental life of which the person is aware as contrasted with unconscious processes.\r\n",
"alias": "awareness",
"ID(c)": 25173
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e58",
"name": "constancy",
"definition_text": "steadfastness of mind under duress; a state of being constant or unchanging.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25174
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e64",
"name": "constituent structure",
"definition_text": "is an analysis, often in the form of a schematic representation, of the constituents of a construction, such as a sentence.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25175
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e6f",
"name": "context",
"definition_text": "A set of interrelated conditions in which something exists or occurs (e.g., a style of language in a particular passage, activity of a given regions given sensory input).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25176
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e7b",
"name": "context dependent",
"definition_text": "is a class of memory that refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are the same.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25177
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e87",
"name": "context memory",
"definition_text": "refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are similar.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25178
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e93",
"name": "contextual knowledge",
"definition_text": "information, and/or skills that have particular meaning because of the conditions that form part of their description. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25179
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e9e",
"name": "contingency learning",
"definition_text": "Learning of the contingencies between different events",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25180
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09eaa",
"name": "contrastive stress",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25181
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09eb6",
"name": "conventionality",
"definition_text": "the quality, fact, or condition of being conventional; conventional behavior or act; a conventional form, usage, or rule. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25182
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ece",
"name": "convergent thinking",
"definition_text": "analytical, usually deductive, thinking in which ideas are examined for their logical validity or in which a set of rules is followed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25183
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09eda",
"name": "conversation",
"definition_text": "An exchange of sentiments, observations, opinions, or ideas.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25184
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ee6",
"name": "conversational skill",
"definition_text": "Ability to engage in appropriate communication of sentiments, observations, opinions, or ideas through dialogue.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25185
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ef0",
"name": "conversational speech",
"definition_text": "is interactive, more-or-less spontaneous, communication between two or more conversants. Interactivity occurs because contributions to a conversation are response reactions to what has previously been said. Spontaneity occurs because a conversation must proceed, to some extent, and in some way, unpredictably.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25186
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09efb",
"name": "conversational structure",
"definition_text": "is the organization of interactive, more-or-less spontaneous, communication between two or more conversants.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25187
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f07",
"name": "coordination",
"definition_text": "is the act of coordinating, making different people or things work together for a goal or effect. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25188
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f12",
"name": "coproduction",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25189
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f1e",
"name": "coreference",
"definition_text": "a relationship between two words or phrases in which both refer to the same person or thing and one stands as a linguistic antecedent of the other.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25190
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f2a",
"name": "creative cognition",
"definition_text": "involves two types of processes: generative processes and exploratory processes. \r\n\r\nGenerative processes are those that most of us think about when we think of creativity. They are the processes by which creative concepts are first born. These processes are highly visible in extreme acts of creativity, but they are also evident in ordinary, everyday cognition. Examples (from Ward et al.(cited below)) include memory retrieval, association formation among information retrieved from memory, combinations of structures retrieved from memory, the synthesis of new structures, the transformation of retrieved structures into "new forms," analogical transfer between domains, and "categorical reduction," which involves reducing existing structures to "more primitive constituents". \r\n\r\nExploratory processes are the processes used to explore the structures produced by generative processes. Examples of exploratory processes (given by Ward, et al.) include searching retrieved structures for "novel attributes," searching for "metaphorical implications," searching for possible functions, "the evaluation of structures from different perspectives or within different contexts," interpretation of structures from the perspective of the problem(s) to be solved, and "the search for various practical or conceptual limitations that are suggested by the structures."\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25191
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f36",
"name": "creative problem solving",
"definition_text": "the mental process of independently creating a solution to a problem without learned assistance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25192
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f42",
"name": "creative thinking",
"definition_text": "the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action (Scriven & Paul, 1992).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25193
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f4d",
"name": "critical period",
"definition_text": "a limited time in which an event can occur, usually to result in some kind of transformation; in developmental psychology and developmental biology, it is a time in the early stages of an organism's life during which it displays a heightened sensitivity to certain environmental stimuli, and develops in particular ways due to experiences at this time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25194
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f59",
"name": "crosstalk",
"definition_text": "interference by information presented via multiple channels",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25195
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f64",
"name": "crystallized intelligence",
"definition_text": "the ability to utilize previously acquired knowledge and experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25196
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f70",
"name": "cue dependent forgetting",
"definition_text": "is the failure to recall a memory due to missing stimuli or cues that were present at the time the memory was encoded.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25197
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f7c",
"name": "cue validity",
"definition_text": "the conditional probability that an object falls in a particular category given a particular feature or cue.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25198
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f87",
"name": "cueing",
"definition_text": "to give/present a stimulus that prompts a reaction.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25199
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a006",
"name": "dative shift",
"definition_text": "a grammatical process by which an oblique argument of a verb, usually one functioning as a recipient or a benefactive (roles often expressed by datives), is placed in the same grammatical role as a patient, increasing the valency of the verb and forming a clause with two objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25200
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a021",
"name": "decay of activation",
"definition_text": "An explanation for why spreading activation, in network-based models of knowledge representation, peters out as a function of the distance between nodes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25201
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a02c",
"name": "deception",
"definition_text": "an act to propagate beliefs that are not true, or not the whole truth (as in half-truths or omission).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25202
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a038",
"name": "decision making",
"definition_text": "The deliberate selection of a single alternative amongst multiple alternatives. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25203
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a044",
"name": "declarative knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge that is descriptive and includes knowing "that" rather than knowing "how" (can be expressed in declarative sentences).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25204
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a04f",
"name": "declarative memory",
"definition_text": "Memory for facts, and that can be intentionally articulated in some manner.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25205
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a05b",
"name": "declarative rule",
"definition_text": "A criterion for which one possesses declarative knowledge. Contrasts with an implicit or non-declarative rule, which one might follow but not represent as a rule or even be aware that they are following.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25206
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a066",
"name": "deductive inference",
"definition_text": "A type of inference in which the conclusion always follows from the stated premises.If the premises are true, then the conclusion is valid.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25207
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a072",
"name": "deductive reasoning",
"definition_text": "is reasoning which constructs or evaluates deductive arguments. Deductive arguments are attempts to show that a conclusion necessarily follows from a set of premises or hypotheses.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25208
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a07e",
"name": "deep processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluating a piece of information in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25209
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a08a",
"name": "deep structure",
"definition_text": "The essential meaning of a sentence, without regard to the grammatical features (surface structure) of the sentence that are needed to express it in words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25210
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a095",
"name": "depth cue",
"definition_text": "Depth perception arises from a variety of depth cues. These are typically classified into binocular cues that require input from both eyes and monocular cues that require the input from just one eye. Binocular cues include stereopsis, yielding depth from binocular vision through exploitation of parallax. Monocular cues include size: distant objects subtend smaller visual angles than near objects. A third class of cues requires synthetic integration of binocular and monocular cues.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25211
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0a1",
"name": "depth perception",
"definition_text": "Ability to perceive the visual world in three dimensions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25212
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0ad",
"name": "desire",
"definition_text": "to long or hope for, exhibit or feel desire for; to express a wish for.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25213
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0dc",
"name": "diphthong",
"definition_text": "a gliding monosyllabic speech sound (as the vowel combination at the end of toy) that starts at or near the articulatory position for one vowel and moves to or toward the position of another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25214
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0e7",
"name": "dispositions",
"definition_text": "Tendency to act in a particular manner given a certain set of antecedents. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25215
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0f3",
"name": "distraction",
"definition_text": "Any event that interrupts a mental process.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25216
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0ff",
"name": "distributed coding",
"definition_text": "A type of coding in which the information that constitutes a concept (or mental representation) is spread amongst a number of constituent representations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25217
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a10a",
"name": "divergent thinking",
"definition_text": "a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25218
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a116",
"name": "divided attention",
"definition_text": "A state in which the focus of attention is spread across more than one object or event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25219
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a12d",
"name": "dream",
"definition_text": "a succession of thoughts, images, sounds or emotions which the mind experiences during sleep.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25220
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a145",
"name": "efficiency",
"definition_text": "effective operation as measured by a comparison of production with cost (as in energy, time, money, or cortical activity)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25221
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a151",
"name": "effort",
"definition_text": "Consciously or intentionally engaging resources in order to achieve a particular end.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25222
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a15c",
"name": "effortful processing",
"definition_text": "learning or storing (encoding) that requires attention and effort.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25223
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a168",
"name": "egocentric",
"definition_text": "A frame of reference centered around the self. In perception, a first-person frame of reference.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25224
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a173",
"name": "elaborative processing",
"definition_text": "Processing in which semantic associations or relations between words/concepts are generated or elaborated on.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25225
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a17f",
"name": "emotion",
"definition_text": "a complex of psychological phenomena that involve some degree of arousal and valence (positive/negative)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25226
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a18b",
"name": "emotional decision making",
"definition_text": "The use of affective information as information in a decision making process or as a basis for making a decision. Hot cognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25227
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a196",
"name": "emotional expression",
"definition_text": "observable verbal and nonverbal behavior that communicates emotion with or without self-awareness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25228
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1a2",
"name": "emotional intelligence",
"definition_text": "the capacity, skill or ability to identify, assess, and manage the emotions of one's self, of others, and of groups.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25229
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1ae",
"name": "emotional memory",
"definition_text": "Emotional memory is the storage and recall of events and details that are couple with the physiological response that was present when the event occurred. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25230
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1b9",
"name": "emotional mimicry",
"definition_text": "is the ability of a person to imitate, copy, and experience the physical and emotional characteristics of another persons emotion. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25231
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1d1",
"name": "emotional suppression",
"definition_text": "A process to reduce or inhibit the impact of an emotion on ones current conscious state or behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25232
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1e8",
"name": "episodic learning",
"definition_text": "a change in behavior that occurs as a result of an event; episodic learning is so named because events are recorded into episodic memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25233
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1f4",
"name": "episodic memory",
"definition_text": "memory of autobiographical events (times, places, associated emotions, and other contextual knowledge) that can be explicitly stated.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25234
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a20c",
"name": "error detection",
"definition_text": "Processes that identify when an error has been made.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25235
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a218",
"name": "error signal",
"definition_text": "An event following error detection, in which a sign is relayed notifying the advent of an error.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25236
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a223",
"name": "error trapping",
"definition_text": "procedures that detect and correct errors before the errors cause further confusion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25237
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a22f",
"name": "excitation",
"definition_text": "a state of increased emotional arousal",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25238
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a25e",
"name": "expertise",
"definition_text": "Having a highly cultivated level of skill in a particular domain. Occurs after prolonged experience in a domain.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25239
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a269",
"name": "explicit knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge that can be articulated or expressed intentionally.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25240
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a275",
"name": "explicit learning",
"definition_text": "Acquisition of skills and/or knowledge actively and with awareness. Typically such learning is accompanied by meta-awareness - individuals can explain how they acquired the skill/knowledge.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25241
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a281",
"name": "explicit memory",
"definition_text": "the conscious, intentional recollection of previous experiences and information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25242
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a28c",
"name": "extrinsic motivation",
"definition_text": "motivated by external factors, as opposed to the internal drivers of intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation drives one to do things for tangible rewards or pressures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25243
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a300",
"name": "face perception",
"definition_text": "The processes by which faces are identified as such.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25244
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a30c",
"name": "face recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of determining whether a face is the same as another face that has been previously encountered.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25245
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a318",
"name": "facial expression",
"definition_text": "Movements and positions of the facial muscles that can be used as a form of nonverbal communication, particularly in conveying emotional states.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25246
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a323",
"name": "false memory",
"definition_text": "a memory that refers to an event that did not actually occur",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25247
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a32f",
"name": "feature extraction",
"definition_text": "Processes by which relevant aspects of a data stream are separated from irrelevant aspects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25248
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a33b",
"name": "feedback processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluative or corrective information about an action, event, or process delivered to the original or controlling source, often with the intent of modifying future actions.",
"alias": "feedback",
"ID(c)": 25249
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a352",
"name": "filtering",
"definition_text": "a device or process that removes from a signal some unwanted component or feature.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25250
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a35e",
"name": "fixation",
"definition_text": "Maintaining gaze or attention on some object or event. (Experimental design) A trial period in which a participant is instructed to direct attention toward a visual stimulus (often a cross).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25251
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a36a",
"name": "fixed action patterns",
"definition_text": "an instinctive behavioral sequence that is indivisible and runs to completion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25252
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a375",
"name": "fluid intelligence",
"definition_text": "a factor of general intelligence originally identified by Raymond Cattell; Cattell defined fluid intelligence as "â¦the ability to perceive relationships independent of previous specific practice or instruction concerning those relationships." Fluid intelligence is the ability to think and reason abstractly and solve problems. This ability is considered independent of learning, experience, and education.",
"alias": "fluid reasoning",
"ID(c)": 25253
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a381",
"name": "focus",
"definition_text": "The center of attention or concentration. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25254
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a38d",
"name": "focused attention",
"definition_text": "the ability to respond discretely to specific visual, auditory or tactile stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25255
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a398",
"name": "form perception",
"definition_text": "the sensory discrimination of a pattern, shape or outline.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25256
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3a4",
"name": "functional fixedness",
"definition_text": "a cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25257
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3d2",
"name": "gaze",
"definition_text": "The act of fixating the eyes onto a location. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25258
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3ea",
"name": "generalization",
"definition_text": "The act of transferring knowledge learned from one event to a novel event that is similar in some respect.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25259
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3f6",
"name": "generic knowledge",
"definition_text": "Generic knowledge is knowledge that is applicable not just to a single entity but to a class of entities. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25260
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a402",
"name": "gestalt",
"definition_text": "a collection of physical, biological, psychological or symbolic entities that creates a unified concept, configuration or pattern which is greater than the sum of its parts (of a character, personality, or being).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25261
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a419",
"name": "goal",
"definition_text": "The desired end-point of behavior(s).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25262
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a425",
"name": "goal formation",
"definition_text": "The processes that create and maintain representations of goal states.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25263
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a431",
"name": "goal maintenance",
"definition_text": "The maintenance of information regarding task goals in working memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25264
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a43c",
"name": "goal management",
"definition_text": "consists of the process of recognizing or inferring goals, abandoning no longer relevant goals, identifying and resolving conflicts among goals, and prioritizing goals consistently for optimal success.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25265
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a448",
"name": "goal state",
"definition_text": "A point reached when goal directed behavior has successfully concluded. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25266
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a460",
"name": "gustatory learning",
"definition_text": "The formation of a knowledge representation that contains information about gustatory percepts.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25267
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a46b",
"name": "gustatory memory",
"definition_text": "the cognitive capacity of storing and retrieving information related to taste. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25268
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a477",
"name": "gustatory perception",
"definition_text": "The processes involved with representing gustatory sensations as such.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25269
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a483",
"name": "habit",
"definition_text": "An acquired pattern of behavior that often occurs automatically and is reliably triggered by some event or stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25270
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a48e",
"name": "habit learning",
"definition_text": "The process of acquiring a habit",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25271
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a49a",
"name": "habit memory",
"definition_text": "the memory representation of a learned habit, generally thought to be represented as a stimulus-response association",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25272
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4a6",
"name": "hallucination",
"definition_text": "in the broadest sense of the word, is a perception in the absence of a stimulus. In a stricter sense, hallucinations are defined as perceptions in a conscious and awake state in the absence of external stimuli which have qualities of real perception, in that they are vivid, substantial, and located in external objective space.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25273
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4b2",
"name": "hedonism",
"definition_text": "a school which argues that pleasure is the only intrinsic good, often used as a justification for evaluating actions in terms of how much pleasure and how little pain (i.e. suffering) they produce.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25274
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4be",
"name": "heuristic search",
"definition_text": "refers to experience-based techniques for problem solving, learning, and discovery. Heuristic methods are used to speed up the process of finding a good enough solution, where an exhaustive search is impractical. Examples of this method include using a "rule of thumb", an educated guess, an intuitive judgment, or common sense. In more precise terms, heuristics are strategies using readily accessible, though loosely applicable, information to control problem solving in human beings and machines",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25275
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4c9",
"name": "hill climbing",
"definition_text": "A fast but sometimes unreliable optimization method. When searching for the minimum/maximum value of a function a random step is taken; if the value improves it replaces the current value, then another random step is taken.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25276
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4e1",
"name": "humiliation",
"definition_text": "to reduce to a lower position in one's own eyes or others' eyes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25277
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4ed",
"name": "humor",
"definition_text": "the tendency of particular cognitive experiences to provoke laughter and provide amusement.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25278
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4f9",
"name": "iconic memory",
"definition_text": "very brief sensory memory of some visual stimuli, that occur in the form of mental pictures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25279
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a504",
"name": "imageability",
"definition_text": "is a property of a word or concept reflecting how easy or difficult it is to visually or acoustically imagine. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25280
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a510",
"name": "imagery",
"definition_text": "an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25281
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a51c",
"name": "implicit knowledge",
"definition_text": "knowledge that is kept in a personâs mind without necessarily being expressed in words and is often acted on instinctively.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25282
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a527",
"name": "implicit learning",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25283
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a533",
"name": "implicit memory",
"definition_text": "Type of memory in which experiences increases performance of task without one's conscious awareness of these previous experiences. This type of memory applies to habit learning, skills, conditioning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25284
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a53f",
"name": "imprinting",
"definition_text": "a rapid learning process that takes place early in the life of a social animal and establishes a behavior pattern (as recognition of and attraction to its own kind or a substitute).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25285
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a54b",
"name": "inattention",
"definition_text": "The failure to process an external stimulus (often refers to sensory stimuli).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25286
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a556",
"name": "incidental learning",
"definition_text": "Learning without explicit knowledge of doing so, but occurring through interaction with the environment (e.g., by observation/copying of behavior or response to reinforcement).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25287
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a562",
"name": "incubation",
"definition_text": "the process of thinking about a problem subconsciously while being involved in other activities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25288
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a56e",
"name": "indignation",
"definition_text": "anger aroused by something unjust, unworthy, or mean.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25289
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a579",
"name": "induction",
"definition_text": "reaching a conclusion from a set of premises that could, but do not necessarily, lead to it",
"alias": "inductive reasoning",
"ID(c)": 25290
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a590",
"name": "inductive reasoning",
"definition_text": "reasoning from a specific case or cases and deriving a general rule, drawing inferences from observations in order to make generalizations.\r\n",
"alias": "inductive inference",
"ID(c)": 25291
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a5ed",
"name": "inference",
"definition_text": "the act of passing from one proposition, statement, or judgment considered as true to another whose truth is believed to follow from that of the former; the act of passing from statistical sample data to generalizations (as of the value of population parameters) usually with calculated degrees of certainty.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25292
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a613",
"name": "inhibition",
"definition_text": "The process by which a response or thought is suppressed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25293
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a61f",
"name": "inhibition of return",
"definition_text": "the phenomenon in which the speed and accuracy with which an object is detected are first briefly enhanced (for perhaps 100-300 milliseconds) after the object is attended, and then detection speed and accuracy are impaired (for perhaps 500-3000 milliseconds).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25294
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a62b",
"name": "insight",
"definition_text": "In problem solving, the moment at which an underlying relation between cause and effect is discovered/identified.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25295
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a637",
"name": "instinct",
"definition_text": "a natural or inherent aptitude, impulse, or capacity; a largely inheritable and unalterable tendency of an organism to make a complex and specific response to environmental stimuli without involving reason, behavior that is mediated by reactions below the conscious level.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25296
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a642",
"name": "instrumental conditioning",
"definition_text": "a learning process in which the consequences of an action are used to modify aspects of that action thereafter; these aspects include form and frequency (including the likelihood of reoccurrence at all).",
"alias": "instrumental learning, operant conditioning",
"ID(c)": 25297
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a64e",
"name": "instrumental learning",
"definition_text": "learning based on reward; a form of learning that takes place as a direct consequence of a reward or pleasant outcome for the learner.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25298
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a65a",
"name": "integration",
"definition_text": "coordination of mental processes into a normal effective personality or with the individual's environment",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25299
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a666",
"name": "intelligence",
"definition_text": "the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations; the skilled use of reason; the ability to apply knowledge to manipulate one's environment or to think abstractly as measured by objective criteria",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25300
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a67d",
"name": "intention",
"definition_text": "an act or instance of determining mentally upon some action or result; meaning or significance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25301
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a689",
"name": "intentional forgetting",
"definition_text": "the purposeful forgetting of information that is no longer needed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25302
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a695",
"name": "intentional learning",
"definition_text": "learning that is motivated with intention and is usually goal directed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25303
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6a1",
"name": "intentionality",
"definition_text": "the state of having or being formed by an intention; (philosophy) the property of being about or directed toward a subject, as inherent in conscious states, beliefs, or creations of the mind, such as sentences or books. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25304
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6ad",
"name": "interference",
"definition_text": "the disturbing effect of new information on the other information with which it is inconsistent",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25305
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6b9",
"name": "intermediate-term memory",
"definition_text": "a specialized term referring for information about a current task.",
"alias": "ITM",
"ID(c)": 25306
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6c5",
"name": "internal speech",
"definition_text": "also known as inner voice, internal speech, or verbal stream of consciousness is thinking in words. It also refers to the semi-constant internal monologue one has with oneself at a conscious or semi-conscious level.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25307
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6d0",
"name": "interrogative",
"definition_text": "of, pertaining to, or conveying a question.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25308
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6dc",
"name": "intonation",
"definition_text": "the ability to play or sing notes in tune; manner of utterance, specifically the rise and fall in pitch of the voice in speech.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25309
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6e8",
"name": "intrinsic motivation",
"definition_text": "a highly desired form of incentive that stems from a person's internal desire for self-satisfaction or pleasure in performing the task itself.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25310
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6f4",
"name": "introspection",
"definition_text": "the self-observation and reporting of conscious inner thoughts, desires and sensations. It is a conscious mental and usually purposive process relying on thinking, reasoning, and examining one's own thoughts, feelings.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25311
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a700",
"name": "involuntary attention",
"definition_text": "results when the conscious mind changes focus to sudden changes in the environment (big sound, intensity of light, unique situation etc.). The person is not prepared for the attention and the attention is not under control of the individual. The persons attention is less concerned with motives, interests, and needs and the stimulus is usually more important than any functional factors.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25312
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a70b",
"name": "irony",
"definition_text": "a situation, literary technique, or rhetorical device, in which there is an incongruity or discordance that goes strikingly beyond the most simple and evident meaning of words or actions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25313
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a723",
"name": "judgment",
"definition_text": "the process of forming an opinion or evaluation by discerning and comparing",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25314
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a72e",
"name": "kinaesthetic representation",
"definition_text": "is a representation of sensory inputs from muscles, tendons, and joints (e.g.,the joint angles used to reach a point in space).\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "kinesthetic representation",
"ID(c)": 25315
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a73a",
"name": "kinesthesia",
"definition_text": "a sense mediated by receptors located in muscles, tendons, and joints and stimulated by bodily movements and tensions. ",
"alias": "kinaesthesia",
"ID(c)": 25316
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a746",
"name": "knowledge",
"definition_text": "information acquired and represented by a person through experience or education",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25317
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a769",
"name": "language",
"definition_text": "The mental ability to encode and decode information, and translate this information into verbal, acoustic and visual representations, according to a set of rules that are common across a population.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25318
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a775",
"name": "language comprehension",
"definition_text": "The ability to understand communication from others, such as speech, written text, gestures, or sign language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25319
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a781",
"name": "language learning",
"definition_text": "the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive, produce and use words to understand and communicate, this capacity involves the picking up of diverse capacities including syntax, phonetics, and an extensive vocabulary, the language might be vocal as with speech or manual as in sign.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25320
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a78d",
"name": "language production",
"definition_text": "is translating a concept or set of ideas into spoken, signed or written form",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25321
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7bb",
"name": "learning",
"definition_text": "The process of acquiring new skills/knowledge/information ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25322
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7c7",
"name": "lemma",
"definition_text": "an abstract form of a word before any phonological assignment, arising early in speech production",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25323
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7d4",
"name": "lexical encoding",
"definition_text": "converting vocabulary, words, or morphemes of a language into a code.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25324
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7e0",
"name": "lexical retrieval",
"definition_text": "retrieval of a lexical entry",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25325
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7ec",
"name": "lexicon",
"definition_text": "The vocabulary of a language, including its words and expressions.",
"alias": "vocabulary",
"ID(c)": 25326
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7f8",
"name": "linguistic competence",
"definition_text": "a speaker's implicit, internalized knowledge of the rules of their language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25327
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a803",
"name": "listening",
"definition_text": "to pay attention to sound; to hear something with thoughtful attention, give consideration; to be alert to catch an expected sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25328
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a80f",
"name": "logic",
"definition_text": "a science that deals with the principles and criteria of validity of inference and demonstration; the science of the formal principles of reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25329
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a81b",
"name": "logical reasoning",
"definition_text": "The strategy when one uses deduction, induction, or abduction to evaluate preconditions and rules to determnie a conclusion. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25330
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a833",
"name": "long-term memory",
"definition_text": "a system for permanently storing, managing, and retrieving information for later use, items of information stored as long-term memory may be available for a lifetime.",
"alias": "LTM",
"ID(c)": 25331
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a83f",
"name": "loss aversion",
"definition_text": "The tendency of individuals to be more sensitive to the possibility of losing objects or money than they are to the possibility of gaining the same objects or amounts of money.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25332
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a84a",
"name": "lying",
"definition_text": "the expression of a falsehood",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25333
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a862",
"name": "mathematical reasoning",
"definition_text": "Reasoning about mathematical objects",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25334
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a86e",
"name": "meaning",
"definition_text": "the connotation of a word or phrase",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25335
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a87a",
"name": "mechanical reasoning",
"definition_text": "Reasoning about mechanical objects or functions",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25336
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a886",
"name": "melody",
"definition_text": "a linear succession of musical tones which is perceived as a single entity.",
"alias": "tune",
"ID(c)": 25337
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a891",
"name": "memory",
"definition_text": "The ability of an organism to use past events to inform/influence current actions\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25338
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a8ed",
"name": "mental arithmetic",
"definition_text": "mathematical calculations done mentally, without writing them down.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25339
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a8fc",
"name": "mental imagery",
"definition_text": "is an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving (through any of the senses) of some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25340
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a908",
"name": "mental representation",
"definition_text": "a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25341
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a914",
"name": "mental rotation",
"definition_text": "Ability to rotate an object in one's mind; ability to make perceptual judgments on a new spatial configuration of an object.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25342
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a920",
"name": "metacognition",
"definition_text": "awareness or analysis of one's own learning or thinking processes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25343
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a92b",
"name": "metacognitive skill",
"definition_text": "a learners' automatic awareness of their own knowledge and their ability to understand, control, and manipulate their own cognitive processes.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25344
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a937",
"name": "metaphor",
"definition_text": "a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25345
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a943",
"name": "misattribution",
"definition_text": "attributing an event to something with which it has no connection or association.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25346
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a94f",
"name": "monitoring",
"definition_text": "the act of checking for particular kinds of information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25347
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a95a",
"name": "mood",
"definition_text": "a conscious state of mind or predominant emotion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25348
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a972",
"name": "motor control",
"definition_text": "The function of supervising motor activities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25349
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a995",
"name": "motor learning",
"definition_text": "the process of improving motor skills, the smoothness and accuracy of movements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25350
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9a1",
"name": "motor planning",
"definition_text": "the conception of a future motoric action\r\n",
"alias": "movement planning",
"ID(c)": 25351
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9ad",
"name": "motor program",
"definition_text": "abstract representation of a movement",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25352
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9b9",
"name": "motor sequence learning",
"definition_text": "The acquisition of knowledge regarding sequences of motor action",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25353
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9c4",
"name": "movement",
"definition_text": "change of place or position or posture",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25354
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9dc",
"name": "naming",
"definition_text": "the expression of the name of an object",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25355
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9e8",
"name": "narrative",
"definition_text": "a story that is created in a constructive format (as a work of writing, speech, poetry, prose, pictures, song, motion pictures, video games, theater or dance) that describes a sequence of fictional or non-fictional events.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25356
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa00",
"name": "navigation",
"definition_text": "The process of controlling the movement of a body/entity/vehicle through space from one point to another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25357
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa0c",
"name": "nociception",
"definition_text": "the processes of encoding and processing noxious stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25358
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa23",
"name": "nondeclarative knowledge",
"definition_text": "The nonconscious or implicit ability to express and practice learned information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25359
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa2f",
"name": "nondeclarative memory",
"definition_text": "Memory acquired through experience and which can not be consciously articulated (such as by recall or recognition). This type of memory includes priming, conditioning, skill-acquisition, and habits.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25360
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa47",
"name": "novelty detection",
"definition_text": "the identification of new or unknown information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25361
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa5e",
"name": "object categorization",
"definition_text": "the assignment of an object to a particular category",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25362
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa6a",
"name": "object centered representation",
"definition_text": "In an object-centered representation, the position of the subparts of an object are encoded with respect to a set of axes and an origin centered on the object. Several physiological and neuropsychological results support the existence of such representations in humans and monkeys. An explicit representation would involve neurons with invariant response properties in object-centered coordinates.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25363
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa76",
"name": "object detection",
"definition_text": "deals with detecting instances of semantic objects of a certain class (such as humans, buildings, cars, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25364
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa8d",
"name": "object manipulation",
"definition_text": "is a form of dexterity play or performance in which one or more artists physically interact with props such as balls, hoops, rings, poi, staff, devil sticks, or clubs. Object manipulation can be considered an advanced combinatorial form of sports, dance, and games.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25365
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aaa4",
"name": "object perception",
"definition_text": "The process of transforming basic visual sensory input (such as contrast, edge, motion, color etc) into a more abstract and semantically identifiable whole.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25366
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aab0",
"name": "object recognition",
"definition_text": "is the ability to perceive an objectâs physical properties (such as shape, colour and texture) and apply semantic attributes to the object, which includes the understanding of its use, previous experience with the object and how it relates to others.\r\n",
"alias": "object identification",
"ID(c)": 25367
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aabc",
"name": "olfaction",
"definition_text": "the sense of smell; the act or process of smelling.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25368
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aac8",
"name": "olfactory perception",
"definition_text": "the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25369
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aad4",
"name": "orthographic lexicon",
"definition_text": "A set of representations of orthographic information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25370
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab42",
"name": "parsing",
"definition_text": "to resolve (as a sentence) into component parts of speech and describe them grammatically",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25371
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab4d",
"name": "passive attention",
"definition_text": "refers to the involuntary process directed by external events that stand out from their environment, such as a bright flash, a strong odor, or a sudden loud noise.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25372
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab59",
"name": "past tense",
"definition_text": "refers to a form of a verb that indicates that the action already has occurred ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25373
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab65",
"name": "pattern recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying a meaningful pattern in raw data.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25374
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab70",
"name": "pavlovian conditioning",
"definition_text": "a form of learning in which a stimulus (designated the "conditional stimulus" or CS and being one without inherent significance) is paired with an unconditional stimulus or US, so named because it is biologically significant (e.g. food, sex, drug, pain), until the participant responds to the former in a way that conveys its association of the two. Importantly, participant response may be different between the US and its paired CS.",
"alias": "classical conditioning, respondent conditioning",
"ID(c)": 25375
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab7c",
"name": "perception",
"definition_text": "the conscious experience or mental registration of a sensory stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25376
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab88",
"name": "perceptual binding",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive ability to couple characteristics between items that one is perceiving. This can be illustrated by the one observing a blue square and a yellow circle. Through the neural mechanisms of perceptual binding, one can ensure that the sensing of blue is coupled to that of a square shape and that of yellow is coupled to that of a circle.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25377
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab93",
"name": "perceptual categorization",
"definition_text": "A selective system that can have no a priori information about the particular stimuli that might be encountered in its environment, other than boundary conditions implicit in the construction of its recognizing elements. Perceptual categorization, according to this view, does not involve the "reading in" of readily available information about the stimulus category; rather, it involves the utilization of multiple cues in degenerate, overlapping sets and under the influence of context. \r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25378
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab9f",
"name": "perceptual fluency",
"definition_text": "is the ease at which the brain can process information.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25379
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abaa",
"name": "perceptual identification",
"definition_text": "has two different processing stages. The first stage yields a state of of perceptual information about the stimulus presented. The second stage is the processing of attained perceptual information in a response. \r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25380
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abb6",
"name": "perceptual learning",
"definition_text": "long lasting improvement in performing perceptual (visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory or taste) tasks as a function of experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25381
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abc1",
"name": "perceptual similarity",
"definition_text": "Perceptual similarity is the subjective similarity between two stimuli as perceived by the observer. Thus, object A may be rated as more similar to object B than to object C despite a greater difference in some physical metric (such as height or width) between objects A and C than between objects A and B. This may differ across modalities: for example, two objects may be rated as more similar when seen than when touched. However, the physical, objective similarity between the two objects remains the same regardless of which modality is used to explore them.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25382
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abcd",
"name": "perceptual skill",
"definition_text": "The ability to observe and understand the events surrounding an individual.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25383
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac30",
"name": "performance monitoring",
"definition_text": "the online evaluation of one's performance on a task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25384
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac4a",
"name": "phonation",
"definition_text": "process by which the vocal folds produce certain sounds through quasi-periodic vibration; any oscillatory state of any part of the larynx that modifies the airstream.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25385
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac61",
"name": "phonological buffer",
"definition_text": "a passive storage device that is part of the articulatory rehearsal loop; serves as a part of the mechanisms ordinarily needed for hearing. In rehearsal, the buffer is loaded by means of subvocalization.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25386
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac7a",
"name": "phonological code",
"definition_text": "A representation of information using phonological features",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25387
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac87",
"name": "phonological encoding",
"definition_text": "involves retrieval of segmental and supra-segmental information and the generation of a syllabified phonological word, and the computation of the phonetic form of the intended utterance, referred to as phonetic encoding.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25388
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac93",
"name": "phonological retrieval",
"definition_text": "The retrieval of phonological representations based on other cues",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25389
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac9e",
"name": "phonological working memory",
"definition_text": "The process of maintaining sound information online for a limited amount of time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25390
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0acc1",
"name": "planning",
"definition_text": "formulation, evaluation and selection of a sequence of actions to achieve a desired goal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25391
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad12",
"name": "pragmatic inference",
"definition_text": "Inferences are made when a person (or machine) goes beyond available evidence to form a conclusion. A pragmatic inference (also known as an inductive inference) is one which is likely to be true because of the state of the world. Unlike deductive inferences, pragmatic (inductive) inferences do yield conclusions that increase the semantic information over and above that found in the initial premises. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25392
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad1d",
"name": "pragmatic knowledge",
"definition_text": "is how individuals communicate meaning and how they produce contextually appropriate utterances, sentences, or texts. Pragmatic knowledge includes sociolinguistic and functional knowledge. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25393
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad29",
"name": "pragmatic reasoning",
"definition_text": "Pragmatic reasoning is defined as the process of finding the intended meaning(s) of the given, and it is suggested that this amounts to the process of inferring the appropriate context(s) in which to interpret the given.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25394
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad41",
"name": "preattentive processing",
"definition_text": "background activity that necessarily precedes conscious mental activity; major purpose is the preparation of sensory input for use in focal-attentive processes including encoding of the basic properties of sensory input.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25395
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad4c",
"name": "preconscious perception",
"definition_text": "is the subthreshold process of visual perception. \r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25396
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad64",
"name": "prejudice",
"definition_text": "preconceived judgment or opinion; an adverse opinion or leaning formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge; an irrational attitude of hostility directed against an individual, a group, a race, or their supposed characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25397
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad94",
"name": "primary memory",
"definition_text": "the temporary maintenance system for conscious processing of information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25398
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adab",
"name": "proactive interference",
"definition_text": "the forgetting of information due to interference from the traces of events or learning that occurred prior to the materials to be remembered; occurs when in any given context, past memories inhibit an individualâs full potential to retain new memories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25399
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adb7",
"name": "problem solving",
"definition_text": "Broadly, the mental processes involved in finding a solution to a problem.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25400
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adc3",
"name": "procedural knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge exercised in the performance of a task/activity. Its acquisition or structure is often unavailable to the actor.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25401
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adcf",
"name": "procedural learning",
"definition_text": "The acquisition of a skill or ability through practice which is not accessible to verbalization or conscious awareness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25402
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0addc",
"name": "procedural memory",
"definition_text": "memory for how to do things; procedural memories are automatically retrieved and utilized for the execution of the step-by-step procedures involved in both cognitive and motor skills.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25403
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ade8",
"name": "procedural rule",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25404
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adf4",
"name": "processing capacity",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25405
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae00",
"name": "processing stage",
"definition_text": "A subset of mental operations that are confined some feature space of information within a stream and/or hierarchy of mental operations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25406
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae17",
"name": "pronunciation",
"definition_text": "the way a word or a language is spoken, or the manner in which someone utters a word.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25407
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae2b",
"name": "proper noun",
"definition_text": "A subject that usually indicates a particular person, place, or object.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25408
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae3d",
"name": "proprioception",
"definition_text": "the sense of the relative position of neighboring parts of the body.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25409
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae58",
"name": "prosodic stress",
"definition_text": "the stress and intonation patterns of an utterance. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25410
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae64",
"name": "prosody",
"definition_text": "the rhythm, stress, and intonation of speech.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25411
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae70",
"name": "prospective memory",
"definition_text": "remembering to perform an intended action...prospective memory is self-initiated and does not operate directly on external stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25412
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae7b",
"name": "prospective planning",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25413
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae87",
"name": "prototype",
"definition_text": "A most common, standard or basic mental representation of some category.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25414
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aeaa",
"name": "quantitative skill",
"definition_text": "the ability to to use mathematical concepts to solve problems. \r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25415
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aeb6",
"name": "reading",
"definition_text": "Decoding symbols to derive their meaning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25416
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aec1",
"name": "reasoning",
"definition_text": "drawing of inferences or conclusions through the use of reason.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25417
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aecd",
"name": "regret",
"definition_text": "an emotional response to remembrance of a past state, condition, or experience that one wishes had been different",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25418
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aed8",
"name": "relational learning",
"definition_text": "learning to differentiate among stimuli on the basis of relational properties (e.g., the larger of two stimuli) rather than absolute properties (e.g., the stimulus that has a given size).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25419
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aee4",
"name": "remote memory",
"definition_text": "memory for events of long ago as opposed to recent events.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25420
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aeef",
"name": "repressed memory",
"definition_text": "A memory (often traumatic) that is unavailable for recall.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25421
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af4c",
"name": "resource limit",
"definition_text": "the maximum amount of cognitive resources that can be allocated to various, often competing tasks",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25422
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af5a",
"name": "resource sharing",
"definition_text": "is a unique characteristic of humans and several primates that involve sharing resources such as food, shelter, etc., as a collective risk-reduction against variability in resource supply.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25423
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af66",
"name": "response inhibition",
"definition_text": "Suppression of actions that are inappropriate in a given context and that interfere with goal-driven behavior.",
"alias": "motor inhibition",
"ID(c)": 25424
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af71",
"name": "response selection",
"definition_text": "The selection of one action from a limited set of possible actions.",
"alias": "action selection, motor execution",
"ID(c)": 25425
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af7d",
"name": "retention",
"definition_text": "a preservation of the aftereffects of experience and learning that makes recall or recognition possible.\r\nPersistence of learned behavior or experience during a period when it is not being performed o r practiced.\r\nRetention is the second stage of memory after encoding and before retrival",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25426
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af94",
"name": "retrieval",
"definition_text": "The process of accessing information from memory or other storage devices; the possibility of recovery, restoration, or rectification.\r\nRetrieval is the third stage of memory after encoding and retention.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25427
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afa0",
"name": "retrieval cue",
"definition_text": "An event or experience that facilitates retrieval of information from long-term memory because of its association to that information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25428
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afab",
"name": "retroactive interference",
"definition_text": "impeded retrieval and performance of previously learnt information due to newly acquired and practiced information.",
"alias": "retroactive inhibition",
"ID(c)": 25429
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afc3",
"name": "rhythm",
"definition_text": "Movement marked by the regulated succession of strong and weak elements, or of opposite or different conditions. While rhythm most commonly applies to sound, such as music and spoken language, it may also refer to visual presentation, as timed movement through space.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25430
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afcf",
"name": "risk",
"definition_text": "Formally and mathematically speaking, the minimal definition of risk is what (Rothschild and Stiglitz, 1970) call a mean-preserving increase in dispersion. A typical example is a gamble offering $400 or $600 based on the outcome of a coin flip (i.e. with equal probability (50%)); this is less risky as compared to a similar gamble offering $200 or $800 [again depending on the outcome of a coin flip]. Notice here that the mean outcome (or âexpected valueâ) remains the same for both gambles.\r\n\r\nThus risk can increase by keeping both the probabilities and the expected value the same. \r\n\r\nThere are other approaches to risk that are less mathematically stringent but have higher ecological validity. For instance increasing the probability of a (positive outcome) is associated with a reduced perception of risk. Notice though now that the expected value (or the mean outcome) also increases. So, it is difficult in that case to disentangle the two metrics.\r\n\r\nMany times the term risk is associated with the probability of a negative outcome, or what is formally called downside risk. This idea is mostly due to the way actuarial science and insurance companies (which are more interested in the negative aspects of risk) use the term. For instance, the statement, ânow we increase the risk,â might be translated as taking more perilous actions, but formally, this is not the case. The point of risk is that the opportunity also increases (âupsideâ risk). Thus, a situation that is riskier can be attractive, especially if the agent focuses on the positive outcomes.\r\n\r\nAnother approach is the so-called âmoment-basedâ approach. Here, one is interested in the second or higher moments of a distribution, roughly corresponding to variance, skewness and kurtosis. Skewness is of particular interest because it seems that risk-seeking persons (gamblers) can be attracted by positively skewed outcomes. Bets that offer a small probability of a high outcome are attractive to gamblers (Garrett and Sobel, 1999).\r\n\r\nOverall, risk is not a unitary concept and should be very carefully defined.\r\n\r\nNote that the term risk as used here should be distinguished from the way the term is used in sentences such as "risk of developing Parkinson's disease". An epidemiologist could help on the definition in that context.\r\n\r\nInput by other contributors:\r\nthe probability or likelihood that an event will occur; possibility of loss or injury; someone or something that creates or suggests a hazard; the chance that an investment will lose value.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25431
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afda",
"name": "route knowledge",
"definition_text": "is represented as a series of directions to follow to get from one place to another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25432
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afe6",
"name": "routine",
"definition_text": "a regular course of procedure; habitual or mechanical performance of an established procedure; a reiterated speech or formula; a sequence of computer instructions for performing a particular task.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25433
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aff2",
"name": "rule",
"definition_text": "a method for performing a psychological operation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25434
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0affd",
"name": "rule learning",
"definition_text": "process in which a participant gradually acquires knowledge about a fixed but unstated standard that defines, for example, the acceptability of a response or membership of category",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25435
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b014",
"name": "sadness",
"definition_text": "an emotion characterized by feelings of unhappiness, disadvantage, loss, and helplessness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25436
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b020",
"name": "salience",
"definition_text": "a parameter of a stimulus that indexes its effectiveness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25437
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b02c",
"name": "schema",
"definition_text": "a structured representation that includes a particular organized way of perceiving and responding to a complex situation or set of stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25438
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b037",
"name": "search",
"definition_text": "to look into or over carefully or thoroughly in an effort to find or discover something; to look through or explore by inspecting possible places of concealment or investigating suspicious circumstances; to look at as if to discover or penetrate intention or nature; to uncover, find, or come to know by inquiry or scrutiny.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25439
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b043",
"name": "selective attention",
"definition_text": "When multiple external sensory inputs are present, the process of dedicating cognitive and perceptual resources to one type/set of input and attenuating receptiveness to other inputs.",
"alias": "controlled attention, directed attention",
"ID(c)": 25440
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b05e",
"name": "self monitoring",
"definition_text": "monitoring of one's own behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25441
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b06b",
"name": "semantic category",
"definition_text": "is a grouping of vocabulary within a language, organizing words which are interrelated and define each other in various ways. Also referred to as a semantic field.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25442
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b077",
"name": "semantic knowledge",
"definition_text": "long-established knowledge about objects, facts, and word meanings.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25443
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b083",
"name": "semantic memory",
"definition_text": "refers to one's conceptual knowledge and includes the meanings of words, factual information about the world, and other information not related to specific events or episodes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25444
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b08f",
"name": "semantic working memory",
"definition_text": "Working memory for meaning",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25445
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b09a",
"name": "sensory memory",
"definition_text": "brief storage of sensory information in each of the senses, which temporarily holds material (e.g., a perceptual experience) for recoding into another memory (such as short-term memory) or for comprehension.",
"alias": "sensory-information store; sensory register",
"ID(c)": 25446
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0a6",
"name": "sequence learning",
"definition_text": "learning of a sequence of items or responses in the precise order of their presentation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25447
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0b1",
"name": "serial learning",
"definition_text": "The process of acquiring information in sequence and following an order that must be preserved at recall.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25448
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0bd",
"name": "serial processing",
"definition_text": "information processing in which only one sequence of processing operations is carried on at a time.",
"alias": "intermittent processing, sequential processing",
"ID(c)": 25449
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0c8",
"name": "serial search",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying a target within a set of candidate elements by testing the identity of each element against the identity of the sought after target one at a time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25450
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0df",
"name": "shallow processing",
"definition_text": "a mode of thinking in which one pays attention only to appearances and other superficial aspects of the material, typically leading to poor memory retention.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25451
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0eb",
"name": "shame",
"definition_text": "a painful emotion caused by consciousness of guilt, shortcoming, or impropriety; a condition of humiliating disgrace or disrepute; something that brings censure or reproach.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25452
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0f7",
"name": "short-term memory",
"definition_text": "A limited-capacity and short-lasting representation of information in the mind. The duration of short-term memory is on the order of seconds, while its capacity is on the order of 4 to 9 independent items.",
"alias": "STM",
"ID(c)": 25453
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b10e",
"name": "skepticism",
"definition_text": "an attitude of doubt or a disposition to incredulity either in general or toward a particular object.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25454
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b11a",
"name": "skill",
"definition_text": " Proficiency, facility, or dexterity that is acquired or developed through training or experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25455
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b125",
"name": "skill acquisition",
"definition_text": "The process of learning to perform a task or set of tasks with increasing facility. Typically implies the formation of procedural (as distinct from semantic or episodic) memories.",
"alias": "skill learning",
"ID(c)": 25456
},
{
"id": "trm_4fb3f4d58aeb0",
"name": "Gestalt grouping",
"definition_text": "the ways in which elements are perceived to be grouped together, most often described for auditory and visual perception, but may also be a factor for other modalities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25457
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b13d",
"name": "social cognition",
"definition_text": "the encoding, storage, retrieval, and processing, in the brain, of information relating to conspecifics, or members of the same species.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25458
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b148",
"name": "social context",
"definition_text": "the identical or similar social positions and social roles as a whole that influence the individuals of a group.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25459
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b154",
"name": "social intelligence",
"definition_text": "the ability to function successfully in interpersonal situations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25460
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b160",
"name": "somatosensation",
"definition_text": "the components of the central and peripheral nervous systems that receive and interpret sensory information from organs in the joints, ligaments, muscles, and skin. This system processes information about the length, degree of stretch, tension, and contraction of muscles; pain; temperature; pressure; and joint position.",
"alias": "somatosensory perception",
"ID(c)": 25461
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b18f",
"name": "source memory",
"definition_text": "the episodic source from which a specific item was acquired (e.g., from a person, a book, or television (Schacter, Kaszniak, Kihlstrom, & Valdiserri, 1991, p. 559).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25462
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b19b",
"name": "source monitoring",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying the the source or context at acquisition of information that has been stored in memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25463
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1a6",
"name": "spatial ability",
"definition_text": "skill in perceiving the visual world, transforming and modifying initial perceptions, and mentally recreating spatial aspects of one's visual experience without the relevant stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25464
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1b2",
"name": "spatial attention",
"definition_text": "The allocation or prioritization of mental resources based on spatial coordinates (with respect to the body, head etc).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25465
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1bd",
"name": "spatial cognition",
"definition_text": "the acquisition, organization, utilization, and revision of knowledge about spatial environments.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25466
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1d5",
"name": "spatial memory",
"definition_text": "the part of memory responsible for recording information about one's environment and its spatial orientation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25467
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1e0",
"name": "spatial working memory",
"definition_text": "The ability to maintain online information that relates to space. This process has limited capacity and its contents are not stored permanently.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25468
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1f7",
"name": "speech perception",
"definition_text": "the process by which the sounds of language are heard, interpreted and understood. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25469
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b238",
"name": "speech processing",
"definition_text": "the processing of speech signals",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25470
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b247",
"name": "speech production",
"definition_text": "is the process by which spoken words are selected to be produced, have their phonetics formulated and then finally are articulated by the motor system in the vocal apparatus. Speech production can be spontaneous such as when a person creates the words of a conversation, reaction such as when they name a picture or read aloud a written word, or a vocal imitation such as in speech repetition. Speech production is not the same as language production since language can also be produced manually by signs.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25471
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b26d",
"name": "spreading activation",
"definition_text": "a method for searching associative networks, neural networks, or semantic networks; the search process is initiated by labeling a set of source nodes (e.g. concepts in a semantic network) with weights or "activation" and then iteratively propagating or "spreading" that activation out to other nodes linked to the source nodes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25472
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b279",
"name": "stereopsis",
"definition_text": "the process in visual perception leading to the sensation of depth from the two slightly different projections of the world onto the retinas of the two eyes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25473
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b285",
"name": "stereotypes",
"definition_text": "something conforming to a fixed or general pattern; a standardized mental picture that is held in common by members of a group and that represents an oversimplified opinion, prejudiced attitude, or uncritical judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25474
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b29c",
"name": "strategy",
"definition_text": "A plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25475
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2a8",
"name": "stress",
"definition_text": "refers to the consequence of the failure of an organism â human or animal â to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats, whether actual or imagined.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25476
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2b4",
"name": "sublexical route",
"definition_text": "is a theoretical component of Coltheart's dual-route reading model that refers to using spelling-to-sound correspondences to convert a written word (i.e. orthography) into a spoken word (i.e. phonology). In other words, it is the route by which letters are linked to their sounds and the sounds are assembled into a whole word pronunciation. It complements the lexical route where the whole word is recognized and linked to its sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25477
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2bf",
"name": "subliminal perception",
"definition_text": "a visual or auditory message that is allegedly perceived psychologically, but not consciously;\r\noccurs when a stimulus is too weak to be perceived yet a person is influenced by it.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25478
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2fa",
"name": "supervisory attentional system",
"definition_text": "a loosely defined collection of brain processes that are responsible for planning, cognitive flexibility, abstract thinking, rule acquisition, initiating appropriate actions and inhibiting inappropriate actions, and selecting relevant sensory information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25479
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b306",
"name": "surprise",
"definition_text": "a brief emotional state that is the result of experiencing an unexpected relevant event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25480
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b311",
"name": "sustained attention",
"definition_text": "the ability to maintain a consistent behavioral response during continuous and repetitive activity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25481
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b340",
"name": "syntactic parsing",
"definition_text": "the way that human beings, rather than computers, analyze a sentence or phrase (in spoken language or text) in terms of grammatical constituents, identifying the parts of speech, syntactic relations, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25482
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b34b",
"name": "syntactic processing",
"definition_text": "processing of the structural and grammatical aspects of language",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25483
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b357",
"name": "syntax",
"definition_text": "the processing of elements (e.g. linguistic elements, like words) that are grouped to form constituents in a connected or orderly manner (e.g. phrases or clauses), implying an harmonious arrangement of such elements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25484
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b363",
"name": "taste aversion",
"definition_text": "occurs when the taste of a certain food is associated with symptoms caused by a toxic, spoiled, or poisonous substance; generally caused after ingestion of the food causes nausea, sickness, or vomiting. The ability to develop a taste aversion is considered an adaptive trait or survival mechanism that trains the body to avoid poisonous substances (e.g., poisonous berries) before they can cause harm.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25485
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b37a",
"name": "text comprehension",
"definition_text": "Intentional thinking during which meaning is constructed through interactions between text and reader.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25486
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b386",
"name": "text processing",
"definition_text": "The handling of alphabetic characters",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25487
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b392",
"name": "theory of mind",
"definition_text": "the ability for a person to connect emotional states to themselves and others and understand that other people may have different beliefs, desires, or intentions from one's self. It is intimately connected with the development of a person's ability to analyze and interpret the intentions of others.",
"alias": "mentalizing",
"ID(c)": 25488
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b39d",
"name": "thermosensation",
"definition_text": "the sensory perception of thermal stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25489
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3cb",
"name": "top down processing",
"definition_text": "perceptions formed by starting with the larger concept or idea, then working down to the finer details of that concept or idea.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25490
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3ef",
"name": "traumatic memory",
"definition_text": "A type of memory results from trauma experience, such as a natural disaster or violent events.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25491
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3fa",
"name": "uncertainty",
"definition_text": "the lack of knowledge regarding the likelihood of potential outcomes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25492
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b406",
"name": "unconscious process",
"definition_text": "a mental process that you are not directly aware of.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25493
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b412",
"name": "utility",
"definition_text": "a measure of the subjective worth of an outcome.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25494
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b429",
"name": "valence",
"definition_text": "the degree of attractiveness an individual, activity, or thing possesses as a behavioral goal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25495
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b44c",
"name": "verbal fluency",
"definition_text": "the ability to rapidly access your mental vocabulary while talking or writing.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25496
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b457",
"name": "verbal memory",
"definition_text": "Recall based on spoken words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25497
},
{
"id": "trm_4fb2c38960950",
"name": "optical illusion",
"definition_text": "A phenomenon in which what is visually perceived does not reflect the nature of the objective stimulus.",
"alias": "visual illusion",
"ID(c)": 25498
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b46f",
"name": "visual attention",
"definition_text": "two-stage process in which attention is distributed uniformly over the external visual scene and processing of information is performed in parallel, attention is then concentrated to a specific area of the visual scene (i.e. it is focused), and processing is performed in a serial fashion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25499
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b47b",
"name": "visual buffer",
"definition_text": "a short-term memory store for visual information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25500
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b487",
"name": "visual imagery",
"definition_text": "an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25501
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b492",
"name": "visual masking",
"definition_text": "the reduction or elimination of the visibility of a brief a target stimulus by the presentation of a second stimulus (the mask) contiguous in space and/or time",
"alias": "masking",
"ID(c)": 25502
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b49e",
"name": "visual memory",
"definition_text": "a part of memory preserving some characteristics of our senses pertaining to visual experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25503
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4a9",
"name": "visual object recognition",
"definition_text": "is the process of identifying an object based on its visual attributes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25504
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4b5",
"name": "visual perception",
"definition_text": "Visual perception is the ability to interpret the surrounding environment by processing information that is contained in visible light. The resulting perception is also known as eyesight, sight, or vision.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25505
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4c1",
"name": "visual representation",
"definition_text": "An internal representation of visual information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25506
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4cd",
"name": "visual search",
"definition_text": "orienting for targets in an array or a natural scene, through both covert and overt shifts in attention; this is different from the visual search task in that it refers to a general phenomenon and not to a paradigm.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25507
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4d8",
"name": "visual working memory",
"definition_text": "The ability to maintain visual information online for a limited time interval (~ 4 sec). This information is not stored permanently.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25508
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b507",
"name": "visuospatial sketch pad",
"definition_text": "The cognitive construct and mental process of temporarily storing visual and spatial information for online use in operations of working memory (c.f., Alan Baddeley) . ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25509
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b530",
"name": "wisdom",
"definition_text": "accumulated philosophic or scientific learning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25510
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b548",
"name": "word comprehension",
"definition_text": "the ability to understand the meaning of words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25511
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b55f",
"name": "word generation",
"definition_text": "The cognitive process of producing words on ones own term instead of extracting them from an outside source. ",
"alias": "word production",
"ID(c)": 25512
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b56b",
"name": "word order",
"definition_text": "is the sequence of the syntactic constituents of a language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25513
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b583",
"name": "word pronunciation",
"definition_text": "is the act or result of producing the sounds of speech, including articulation, stress, and intonation, often with reference to some standard of correctness or acceptability.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25514
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b58f",
"name": "word recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability of a reader to recognize words correctly and virtually effortlessly.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25515
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b59b",
"name": "word repetition",
"definition_text": "Overt pronounciation of auditorily presented words",
"alias": "overt repetition",
"ID(c)": 25516
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5a7",
"name": "working memory",
"definition_text": "active maintenance and flexible updating of goal/task relevant information (items, goals, strategies, etc.) in a form that resists interference but has limited capacity. These representations may involve flexible binding of representations, may be characterized by the absence of external support for the internally maintained representations, and are frequently temporary due to ongoing interference\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25517
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5c0",
"name": "action initiation",
"definition_text": "the facilitation or initiation of an act",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25518
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5d7",
"name": "attention shift",
"definition_text": "The change that occurs when information that is currently active in the mind is replaced by other information. The information content is typically sensory in nature.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25519
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5e3",
"name": "attention span",
"definition_text": "Amount of time or space that an individual can dedicate to particular task or content without becoming distracted.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25520
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5ef",
"name": "attentional focusing",
"definition_text": "The ability to focus attention on cues in the environment that are relevant to the task in hand; can also include suppression of distracting stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25521
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5fb",
"name": "attention shifting",
"definition_text": "The process by which information that is currently relevant in the mind is replaced by other information. This information is typically sensory in nature but may also be semantic.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25522
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b607",
"name": "set shifting",
"definition_text": "disengagement of an irrelevant task set and subsequent engagement of a relevant task set despite interference and/or priming",
"alias": "mental set shifting, task set reconfiguration",
"ID(c)": 25523
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b613",
"name": "task switching",
"definition_text": "The process of switching from one task or goal to another, depending on the context or instructions, that is, the process of switching between task sets.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25524
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b61f",
"name": "decision",
"definition_text": "The outcome of a process during which a choice is made, usually between several possible options",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25525
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b636",
"name": "framing",
"definition_text": "Framing is a method of biasing opinions- a framing effect occurs when the description of information, such as a speaker presenting an issue, has an emphasis on a subset of potentially <br />\r\nrelevant considerations and causes individuals to focus on these considerations when constructing their opinions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25526
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b642",
"name": "risk aversion",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25527
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b64e",
"name": "risk seeking",
"definition_text": "The willingness of an individual to choose an option with a less-than-certain probability of reward over an option with a certain reward of equal or higher expected value. \r\n\r\nBEHAVIORAL PHENOMENA",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25528
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b65a",
"name": "emotion perception",
"definition_text": "The process involving understanding feelings with different valences of oneself or of others",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25529
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b665",
"name": "emotion recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of assigning an emotion to one of the discrete categories of emotion available in a particular culture.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25530
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b671",
"name": "emotional bonding",
"definition_text": "A process of bringing people together based on mutually shared emotions.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25531
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b67d",
"name": "empathy",
"definition_text": "The act of understanding, being aware of, being sensitive to, and or experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of another. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25532
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b689",
"name": "fear",
"definition_text": "A state of high negative emotional arousal triggered by an impending threat (real or imaginary) and generally associated with the flight or fight response. Fear is the activation of the brainâs defensive motivational system to promote behaviors that protect the organism from perceived danger. Normal fear involves a pattern of adaptive responses to conditioned or unconditioned threat stimuli (exteroceptive or interoceptive). Fear can involve internal representations and cognitive processing, and can be modulated by a variety of factors.",
"alias": "acute threat",
"ID(c)": 25533
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b695",
"name": "frustration",
"definition_text": "a deep chronic sense or state of insecurity and dissatisfaction arising from unresolved problems or unfulfilled needs.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25534
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6a1",
"name": "grief",
"definition_text": "deep and poignant distress caused by or as if by bereavement.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25535
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6ad",
"name": "happiness",
"definition_text": "a state of mind or feeling characterized by contentment, love, satisfaction, pleasure, or joy.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25536
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6c5",
"name": "discourse",
"definition_text": "the capacity of orderly thought or procedure, verbal interchange of ideas; formal and orderly and usually extended expression of thought on a subject, connected speech or writing, linguistic unit larger than a sentence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25537
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6d1",
"name": "discourse comprehension",
"definition_text": "Discourse comprehension is the act of interpreting a written or spoken message by integrating the incoming information into the memory or knowledge structures of the interpreter.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25538
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6dd",
"name": "discourse knowledge",
"definition_text": "knowledge regarding discourse\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25539
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6e9",
"name": "discourse planning",
"definition_text": "the formulation of structures, patterns, mental representations, and processes that constitute the written and spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25540
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6f5",
"name": "discourse processing",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive process that investigates the structures, patterns, mental representations, and processes that underlie the written and spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25541
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b701",
"name": "discourse production",
"definition_text": "the formation of a spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25542
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b756",
"name": "grammatical encoding",
"definition_text": "the selection of semantically appropriate lexical items and the generation of a syntactic frame or surface form.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25543
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b76e",
"name": "grapheme",
"definition_text": "a unit (as a letter or digraph) of a writing system; the set of units of a writing system (as letters and letter combinations) that represent a phoneme.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25544
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b779",
"name": "graphemic buffer",
"definition_text": "a component dedicated to the temporary storage of abstract orthographic representations prior to their format-specific expression in spelling and/or reading.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25545
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b7b5",
"name": "illocutionary force",
"definition_text": "a speaker's intention in delivering an utterance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25546
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b7f4",
"name": "language acquisition",
"definition_text": "the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive, produce and use words to understand and communicate.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25547
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b802",
"name": "language processing",
"definition_text": "the way human beings process speech or writing and understand it as language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25548
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b80f",
"name": "lexical access",
"definition_text": "the process by which contact is made with the lexicon on the basis of an initial acoustic-phonetic or phonological representation of some portion of the speech input, the result of lexical success is a cohort of potential word candidates which are compatible with this initial analysis.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25549
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b81b",
"name": "lexical ambiguity",
"definition_text": "the presence of two or more possible meanings within a single word.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25550
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b826",
"name": "lexical processing",
"definition_text": "A general term referring to the processing of single words, typically in the context of visual or auditory word recognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25551
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b832",
"name": "morphological processing",
"definition_text": "is how the brain registers the patterns of word formation in a particular language, including inflection, derivation, and composition. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25552
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b83e",
"name": "morphology",
"definition_text": "the structure and content of word forms",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25553
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b84a",
"name": "orthography",
"definition_text": "the representation of the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols; a part of language study that deals with letters and spelling.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25554
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b862",
"name": "phonetics",
"definition_text": "the system of speech sounds of a language or group of languages; the study and systematic classification of the sounds made in spoken utterance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25555
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b87a",
"name": "semantic processing",
"definition_text": "the cognitive processing of extracting meaning from any form of language (e.g. human language, programming language) as well as formal logics and semiotics",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25556
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b892",
"name": "sentence comprehension",
"definition_text": "takes place whenever a reader or listener processes a language utterance, either in isolation or in the context of a conversation or a text.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25557
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b89e",
"name": "sentence processing",
"definition_text": "takes place whenever a reader or listener cognitively processes a language utterance, either in isolation or in the context of a conversation or a text.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25558
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8aa",
"name": "sentence production",
"definition_text": "The creation and/or utterance of a sentence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25559
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8b5",
"name": "active recall",
"definition_text": "a principle of efficient learning, which claims the need to actively stimulate memory during the learning process.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25560
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8c1",
"name": "active retrieval",
"definition_text": "Effortful (volitional) attempt to consciously recollect a memory; often required when retrieval cannot be automatically driven by stimuli.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25561
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8cd",
"name": "consolidation",
"definition_text": "the process by which a representation becomes stabilized",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25562
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8d9",
"name": "elaborative rehearsal",
"definition_text": "a type of rehearsal proposed by Craik and Lockhart (1972) in their Levels of Processing model of memory. Elaborative rehearsal involves deep semantic processing of a to-be-remembered item resulting in the production of durable memories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25563
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8e5",
"name": "encoding",
"definition_text": "The process of creating a new memory trace.",
"alias": "memory encoding",
"ID(c)": 25564
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8f0",
"name": "episodic buffer",
"definition_text": "A theoretical construct that is part of Alan Baddeley's working memory model and the object of which is to integrate information across sensory domains and communicate with long term memory in the service of working memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25565
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8fc",
"name": "familiarity",
"definition_text": "A quality of memory that is associated with a feeling of knowing that an event has previously occurred, but often not including enough contextual or episodic details sufficient for claiming actual remembering of the event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25566
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b908",
"name": "forgetting",
"definition_text": "The loss of or inability to retrieve a memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25567
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b914",
"name": "memory acquisition",
"definition_text": "is the process of storage and retrieval of new information in memory.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25568
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b920",
"name": "memory consolidation",
"definition_text": "a category of processes that stabilize a memory trace after the initial acquisition. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25569
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b92c",
"name": "memory decay",
"definition_text": "the loss of memory over time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25570
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b938",
"name": "memory storage",
"definition_text": "The representation of information in the brain in a form that enables potential retrieval at a later time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25571
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b943",
"name": "memory trace",
"definition_text": "A residual, and often decayed, neural representation of previous knowledge or experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25572
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b94f",
"name": "metamemory",
"definition_text": "subjective awareness of and knowledge about memory, and strategies for its effective access and application; includes: awareness of memory contents, different and appropriate memory strategies for particular tasks, and how to use a given memory strategy most effectively.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25573
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b95b",
"name": "recall",
"definition_text": "The process of retrieving previously stored information, done without the aid of external cues.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25574
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b967",
"name": "recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25575
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b972",
"name": "reconsolidation",
"definition_text": "the process of previously consolidated memories being recalled and actively consolidated, it is a distinct process that serves to maintain, strengthen and modify memories that are already stored in the long-term memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25576
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b98a",
"name": "acuity",
"definition_text": "accuracy of perception. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25577
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b996",
"name": "echolocation",
"definition_text": "the general method of locating objects by determining the time for an echo to return and the direction from which it returns, used by some animals",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25578
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9a1",
"name": "edge detection",
"definition_text": "a fundamental tool in image processing and computer vision, particularly in the areas of feature detection and feature extraction, which aim at identifying points in a digital image at which the image brightness changes sharply or more formally has discontinuities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25579
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9ad",
"name": "feature detection",
"definition_text": "a process of recognizing specific aspects of a stimulus, such as lines, edges, angle, or movement. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25580
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9d1",
"name": "figure ground reversal",
"definition_text": "Occurs in certain visual illusions (e.g., Vases and Faces or "Rubin's Vase") in which there are multiple valid figure-ground segmentations that can be selected depending on an observer's interpretation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25581
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9dd",
"name": "figure ground segregation",
"definition_text": "Discriminating objects from their surroundings by the visual system.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25582
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9e9",
"name": "gustation processing",
"definition_text": "Form of chemoreception that facilitates taste perception.",
"alias": "gustation",
"ID(c)": 25583
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba01",
"name": "memory retrieval",
"definition_text": "the process of accessing a stored memory",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25584
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba0d",
"name": "active maintenance",
"definition_text": "The maintenance of information in working memory through active (volitional) rather than passive means",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25585
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba19",
"name": "articulatory loop",
"definition_text": "one of the subsystems postulated in Alan Baddeleyâs multicomponent model of WORKING MEMORY, specialized for the temporary storage of verbal information. It consists of a phonological store and an articulatory rehearsal process. The phonological store can hold speech-based information, subject to a rapid decay. The articulatory rehearsal process can refresh the decaying representation by reading it off and feeding it back to the store. It also serves to convert visually presented information (such as written words) into phonological codes and register them into the phonological store. ",
"alias": "phonological loop",
"ID(c)": 25586
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba25",
"name": "central executive",
"definition_text": "Theoretical 'top-down' cognitive system responsible for the management of executive functions including planning, working memory, attention, problem solving, reasoning, inhibition, multi-tasking, and the initiation and monitoring of actions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25587
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba30",
"name": "maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25588
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba3c",
"name": "manipulation",
"definition_text": "performance of operations upon information held in working memory",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25589
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba48",
"name": "phonological loop",
"definition_text": "deals with sound or phonological information and consists of two parts: a short-term phonological store with auditory memory traces that are subject to rapid decay and an articulatory rehearsal component that can revive the memory traces. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25590
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba54",
"name": "rehearsal",
"definition_text": "The repetition of information in an attempt to maintain it longer in memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25591
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba60",
"name": "rehearsal loop",
"definition_text": "or phonological loop, also called the phonetic loop or the articulatory loop, is the part of working memory that rehearses verbal information. It consists of two parts: a short-term phonological store with auditory memory traces that are subject to rapid decay and an articulatory rehearsal component that can revive the memory traces.The first component is a phonological memory store which can hold traces of acoustic or speech based material. Material in this short term store lasts about two seconds unless it is maintained through the use of the second subcomponent, articulatory subvocal rehearsal. Prevention of articulatory rehearsal results in very rapid forgetting (a process known as decay). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25592
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba6c",
"name": "working memory retrieval",
"definition_text": "The process of accessing information that is maintained in working memory; the sub-process by which the contents of working memory are accessed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25593
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba77",
"name": "working memory storage",
"definition_text": "The maintenance of information of working memory; a sub-component of working memory that allows for contents of working memory to be retained.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25594
},
{
"id": "trm_4a7b128b8b2d0",
"name": "test term",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25595
},
{
"id": "trm_4aae62e4ad209",
"name": "cognitive control",
"definition_text": "The top-down modulation of cognitive processes based on higher-order representations such as goals or plans.",
"alias": "executive control, executive function",
"ID(c)": 25596
},
{
"id": "trm_4b185801de7a1",
"name": "echoic memory",
"definition_text": "refers to the phenomenon in which there is a brief mental echo that continues to sound after an auditory stimulus has been heard.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25597
},
{
"id": "trm_4b6525253c63f",
"name": "reward processing",
"definition_text": "A positive return for performance of a specific behavior.",
"alias": "reinforcement, reward",
"ID(c)": 25598
},
{
"id": "trm_4b65259eeee34",
"name": "pain",
"definition_text": "An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25599
},
{
"id": "trm_4b75ed06c917d",
"name": "joint attention",
"definition_text": "the process of alerting one person to a stimulus through nonverbal cues such as finger pointing or gazing. It is one of the first signs of the development of a theory of mind in babies and serves as an important step to later language and social development.",
"alias": "mutual knowledge",
"ID(c)": 25600
},
{
"id": "trm_4b7c270940f9d",
"name": "behavioral inhibition (cognitive)",
"definition_text": "Often used as a synonym of "response inhibition" to describe the inhibition of actions.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25601
},
{
"id": "trm_4b7c27094a093",
"name": "behavioral inhibition (temperament)",
"definition_text": "A temperamental characteristic described by shyness and social anxiety.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25602
},
{
"id": "trm_4b82c75498408",
"name": "central coherence",
"definition_text": "a person's ability to understand things in context, frequently described as a deficit in literature on autism",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25603
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e04d656f06",
"name": "interference resolution",
"definition_text": "The process of selecting information with regard to its relevance to an ongoing task and suppressing the processing of irrelevant information.",
"alias": "interference control",
"ID(c)": 25604
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e05903e4bb",
"name": "updating",
"definition_text": "The revision or refreshing of information that is maintained in working memory",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25605
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e0646a2408",
"name": "task set",
"definition_text": "The set of rules and/or stimulus-response mappings that define how a task should be performed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25606
},
{
"id": "trm_4d21e9a7dd8ca",
"name": "subconscious",
"definition_text": "Subconscious is any neural activity which has the potential to be conscious, but at the moment is processed below the level of consciousness.\r\n\r\nIn contrast to unconscious information processing, subconscious processing contains meaning (semantic information).\r\n\r\nIntuition is a good example for subconscious information processing. In other words, intuition means thinking below the level of consciousness whereby only the output enters the stream of consciousness.\r\n\r\nfrom Peter Walla",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25607
},
{
"id": "trm_4d2201d530697",
"name": "semantic information",
"definition_text": "information that is not tied to any specific object, event, domain, or application. It includes general factual information about the world (as in an encyclopedia) and oneself.",
"alias": "semantic knowledge",
"ID(c)": 25608
},
{
"id": "trm_4d7fa1a3e2a10",
"name": "paraphasia",
"definition_text": "generally refers to errors in naming. Collectively, this term is applied to any unintended error of word or sound choice.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25609
},
{
"id": "trm_4d7fa1ee2f870",
"name": "phonemic paraphasia",
"definition_text": "is the production of unintended sounds or syllables in the utterance of partially recognizable word, e.g., âpakerâ for âpaper.â\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25610
},
{
"id": "trm_4d7fa2df05f23",
"name": "neologism",
"definition_text": "is the production of nonsense word or words, usually without recognition of errors, e.g., âtableâ becomes âtilto.â\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25611
},
{
"id": "trm_4d7fc763cf777",
"name": "metacomprehension",
"definition_text": "refers to the learners' ability to monitor the degree to which they understand information being communicated to them, to recognize failures to comprehend, and to employ repair strategies when failures are identified.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25612
},
{
"id": "trm_4d920c905d465",
"name": "conceptual metaphor",
"definition_text": "In cognitive linguistics, metaphor is defined as understanding one conceptual domain in terms of another conceptual domain; for example, using one person's life experience to understand a different person's experience. A conceptual domain can be any coherent organization of experience.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25613
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5505361f160",
"name": "body representation",
"definition_text": "A mental representation of one's own body",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25614
},
{
"id": "trm_4fa3afaeef512",
"name": "delusion",
"definition_text": "A belief held despite appreciable external evidence to the contrary.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25615
},
{
"id": "trm_4fa28299dbddd",
"name": "deliberation",
"definition_text": "the process of judging the merits of multiple options, which may then be followed by choice.",
"alias": "consideration",
"ID(c)": 25616
},
{
"id": "trm_4fa295124a375",
"name": "thought",
"definition_text": "Subjectively salient cognitive processing, at least part of which may be reportable.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25617
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31ced566649",
"name": "multisensory integration",
"definition_text": "The process by which unisensory signals are combined to form a new product. It is operationally defined as a multisensory response (neural or behavioral) that is significantly different from the responses evoked by the modality-specific component stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25618
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d2241319f",
"name": "crossmodal",
"definition_text": "A complex of two or more modality-specific [unimodal] stimuli",
"alias": "cross-modal",
"ID(c)": 25619
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d365bc7e2",
"name": "unisensory",
"definition_text": "Describes any sensory process associated with a single sensory modality ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25620
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d3ba7d25b",
"name": "multisensory",
"definition_text": "a process associated with multiple sensory modalities ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25621
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31e6dca01ca",
"name": "synchrony perception",
"definition_text": "the process of perceiving whether or not the crossmodal cues (e.g., audio and visual) to an event (e.g., audiovisual speech) are in temporal synchrony with each other.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25622
},
{
"id": "trm_4e416f1373936",
"name": "tactile working memory",
"definition_text": "working memory for tactile information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25623
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5506161998c",
"name": "interoceptive representation",
"definition_text": "A representation of the internal state of the body",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25624
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5badf095692",
"name": "sense of ownership",
"definition_text": "The feeling that something is part of one self.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25625
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5faabfe8ce3",
"name": "sense of body ownership",
"definition_text": "The feeling that something is part of one's own body.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25626
},
{
"id": "trm_4e61264db33d4",
"name": "pain sensitization ",
"definition_text": "A painful stimulus is perceived more painful over the time course of stimulation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25627
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6127bd91be9",
"name": "pain habituation",
"definition_text": "A painful stimulus is perceived less painful over the time course of stimulation.",
"alias": "pain adaptation",
"ID(c)": 25628
},
{
"id": "trm_4e89aebaa311d",
"name": "priming",
"definition_text": "Priming is the effect of prior exposure to a somehow (e.g. perceptually or semantically) related stimulus on the response to a subsequent stimulus. This effect may be positive and facilitatory (e.g. naming of an object is typically faster when that object has already been recently named) or negative and detrimental (e.g. slower response to a previously ignored stimulus).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25629
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebfe9a465449",
"name": "expectancy",
"definition_text": "A belief about something in the future. Sometimes requires explicit, conscious awareness, distinct from unconscious, conditioning-based learning.",
"alias": "expectation, reward prediction error",
"ID(c)": 25630
},
{
"id": "trm_4ee8facd77dfc",
"name": "self control",
"definition_text": "The effortful control of behaviors, thoughts, or emotions with the aim of increasing the likelihood of attaining long-term over short-term outcomes.",
"alias": "Self-regulation, willpower, ego strength, self-discipline",
"ID(c)": 25631
},
{
"id": "trm_4f33e65d0daac",
"name": "embodied cognition",
"definition_text": "a theory emphasizing the essentiality of the body's interaction with the environment to cognition",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25632
},
{
"id": "trm_4f3a72a028d90",
"name": "resource",
"definition_text": "any aspect of cognition having bounded availability, eg. memory, attention",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25633
},
{
"id": "trm_4f3bdeedcc99d",
"name": "curiosity",
"definition_text": "wanting knowledge or understanding, often of a novel or unfamiliar entity ",
"alias": "inquisitiveness",
"ID(c)": 25634
},
{
"id": "trm_4ff36d79c26c6",
"name": "visual awareness",
"definition_text": "the subjective experience of seeing, emerging about 200ms after the onset of a visual stimulus; it is contrasted with unconscious visual perception",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25635
},
{
"id": "trm_4f4511e519b53",
"name": "imagination",
"definition_text": "forming mental images or concepts of what is not actually present to the senses ",
"alias": "envisagement, representation, mental conception",
"ID(c)": 25636
},
{
"id": "trm_4fafd1626bf2b",
"name": "addiction",
"definition_text": "A phenomenon sometimes conflated and sometimes contrasted with dependency, in which a person has transitioned from liking a rewarding substance or behavior to requiring it.",
"alias": "dependency",
"ID(c)": 25637
},
{
"id": "trm_4f4672db34a46",
"name": "self talk",
"definition_text": "overt verbalisation of thoughts for the purpose of self motivation, problem solving, reasoning, learning or stress management; a behavior commonly witnessed in sports-people during moments of performance pressure ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25638
},
{
"id": "trm_4f46753b8be4f",
"name": "worldview",
"definition_text": "overarching subjective account of environmental (ie. that in which an agent is situated) characteristics and functions, applicable across local and global spatiotemporal scales; a framework of ego-centric ideas and beliefs that serves to guide decision making and action, and to generate, sustain, and apply knowledge. ",
"alias": "perspective",
"ID(c)": 25639
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe3861edc919",
"name": "inattentional blindness",
"definition_text": "a phenomenon in which people fail to see an unexpected stimulus",
"alias": "perceptual blindness",
"ID(c)": 25640
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe39e4388409",
"name": "interoception",
"definition_text": "perception of stimuli inside the body, e.g. hunger, thirst, pain",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25641
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe8edc62f613",
"name": "extinction",
"definition_text": "the phenomenon by which a response to a conditional stimulus presented in absence of the unconditional stimulus diminishes over time; rather than a forgetting, it is generally believed to be a new learning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25642
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe9fae4321e7",
"name": "difference threshold",
"definition_text": "the smallest detectable difference between two stimuli",
"alias": "just noticeable difference, JND",
"ID(c)": 25643
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea04a02ce37",
"name": "binocular depth cue",
"definition_text": "a cue that provides depth information about a scene when it is viewed with both eyes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25644
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea09fac5316",
"name": "color constancy",
"definition_text": "the ability to assign stable colors despite variation in light, i.e. identifying that a given box is orange irrespective of the spectral composition or intensity of the light illuminating it",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25645
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea18ec76bc9",
"name": "feature search",
"definition_text": "search for a target according to a single feature (e.g. color)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25646
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea1aeaa7b17",
"name": "attentional blink",
"definition_text": "a phenomenon in which the participant is unable to detect a second salient visual stimulus if presented at the same spatial location within 200-500 milliseconds after the first",
"alias": "AB",
"ID(c)": 25647
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea238758d33",
"name": "change blindness",
"definition_text": "the inability to detect changes to an object or a scene even if large, repeatedly made, or anticipated; it can even occur when the subject is fixated on the item being changed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25648
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea25630ffb5",
"name": "motion aftereffect",
"definition_text": "the illusion of movement in a stationary object after prolonged viewing of a moving object",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25649
},
{
"id": "trm_4feb3f8c551cb",
"name": "overt attention",
"definition_text": "directing a sense organ at a stimulus source",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25650
},
{
"id": "trm_4feb3ffa1ab51",
"name": "covert attention",
"definition_text": "the act of focusing on one of several sensory stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25651
},
{
"id": "trm_4feb44e5ae25b",
"name": "unconscious perception",
"definition_text": "the process of perceiving a stimulus without being conscious of having seen it, measurable by electrophysiological response at the time and by recognition testing later",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25652
},
{
"id": "trm_4ff1fc04e22e8",
"name": "autonoesis",
"definition_text": "consciousness of self consistent over time, both in imagining the future and recalling the past; consciousness of subjectivity",
"alias": "autonoetic consciousness",
"ID(c)": 25653
},
{
"id": "trm_4ffca95528c88",
"name": "psychological refractory period",
"definition_text": "the phenomenon by which people are unable to make more than one conscious decision (and, by extension, unable to complete more than one task) within a few hundred milliseconds",
"alias": "PRP",
"ID(c)": 25654
},
{
"id": "trm_4ffdc96dc85b7",
"name": "noesis",
"definition_text": "a consciousness characterized by knowing or familiarity without self-reference (contrast with autonoesis)",
"alias": "noetic consciousness",
"ID(c)": 25655
},
{
"id": "trm_50070dce14554",
"name": "impulsivity",
"definition_text": "the tendency to act without adequately assessing context",
"alias": "impulsiveness",
"ID(c)": 25656
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8626d0770",
"name": "binocular rivalry",
"definition_text": "competition between the eyes for control of perception, particularly evident when different stimuli are presented to each eye",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25657
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8839c2877",
"name": "cone of confusion",
"definition_text": "a region around the head for which neither interaural time differences (ITDs) nor interaural loudness differences (ILDs) in a sound are not great enough for a person to localize the sound source",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25658
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8aef38f2c",
"name": "vection",
"definition_text": "the illusion of movement in a stationary person caused by moving visual cues",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25659
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8bcf5f29a",
"name": "visual acuity",
"definition_text": "a measure of the finest resolution perceivable by the eyes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25660
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8c8fcc520",
"name": "visual angle",
"definition_text": "the angle a viewed object subtends at the eye, usually stated in degrees of arc, and is a function of the size of the object and its distance from the eye",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25661
},
{
"id": "trm_5021684cba96c",
"name": "domain specificity",
"definition_text": "the idea in cognitive science that the mind is divided according to the content of information being processed into specialized, possibly evolved, modules",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25662
},
{
"id": "trm_5021873f37abc",
"name": "global precedence",
"definition_text": "the idea that, all else held equal, global features are perceived earlier than are local features of a given stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25663
},
{
"id": "trm_5022ef7599294",
"name": "anxiety",
"definition_text": "An aversive psychophysiological state characterized by fear, worry, or concern associated with current or impending threat often elicited by general and specific interoceptive or exteroceptive cues.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25664
},
{
"id": "trm_5024002a85b1f",
"name": "spontaneous recovery",
"definition_text": "recovery of a conditioned response following extinction, simply as a function of time",
"alias": "recovery",
"ID(c)": 25665
},
{
"id": "trm_502403240a2a2",
"name": "reinstatement",
"definition_text": "following extinction, conditioned response returns after exposure to unconditional stimulus (US) alone",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25666
},
{
"id": "trm_5029515e29f7f",
"name": "blindsight",
"definition_text": "unconscious visual perception, i.e. a phenomenon in which people can detect, discriminate between, and respond to visual stimuli without being consciously aware of them",
"alias": "blind sight",
"ID(c)": 25667
},
{
"id": "trm_502954662d63e",
"name": "feature integration",
"definition_text": "how different features of a percept are bound into a conscious whole",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25668
},
{
"id": "trm_50297454e516b",
"name": "transduction",
"definition_text": "in which information from stimuli is transduced into signals to the brain",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25669
},
{
"id": "trm_5029751d118c4",
"name": "phototransduction",
"definition_text": "in which energy from visual stimuli is transduced into a signal in the retina to the brain",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25670
},
{
"id": "trm_502ab8dd991bf",
"name": "border ownership",
"definition_text": "the determination of a local feature (i.e. a contrast edge or line) and the object to which it belongs",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25671
},
{
"id": "trm_502abeab4e1d8",
"name": "multistable perception",
"definition_text": "conflicting sensory input results in spontaneous, sometimes controllable, experiences thereof",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25672
},
{
"id": "trm_502ad54c11389",
"name": "visual orientation",
"definition_text": "use of visual stimulus information in perceiving orientation thereof or of the self",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25673
},
{
"id": "trm_502bdc6bdaa2b",
"name": "lateral masking",
"definition_text": "perceptual phenomenon in which one stimulus attenuates signals generated by another, adjacent, stimulus presented simultaneously",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25674
},
{
"id": "trm_502c139d5ed78",
"name": "crowding",
"definition_text": "target stimulus is made harder to identify when surrounded by similar non-target stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25675
},
{
"id": "trm_502c343d20523",
"name": "lexeme",
"definition_text": "the phonological form of a given lexical item being retrieved",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25676
},
{
"id": "trm_50aff037c389f",
"name": "trait anxiety",
"definition_text": "a hyper-responsive system for threat detection, differentiated from state anxiety in duration and cause",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25677
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb5469ba37a",
"name": "strength",
"definition_text": "Strength refers to a muscle's ability to generate force against physical objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25678
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb56a7867db",
"name": "balance",
"definition_text": "Balance allows humans to be able to orient the body in space, maintain an upright posture under static and dynamic conditions, and move without falling, by adjusting motoric control",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25679
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb692db57eb",
"name": "locomotion",
"definition_text": "Locomotion is the act of moving the body from one place to another. It requires input from the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, muscular power and joint and cardiovascular health. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25680
},
{
"id": "trm_50f382d7abdff",
"name": "vestibular control",
"definition_text": "The vestibular system transduces and processes angular and linear acceleration and deceleration of the head, enabling postural balance, locomotor control, and gaze stabilization, particularly during head movement. The vestibular system is an integral component of our sensory experience and sensory-motor function. Healthy peripheral and central vestibular anatomy is essential for functionally relevant gaze stability during head motion and postural control.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25681
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3c0af04e37",
"name": "life satisfaction",
"definition_text": "Oneâs cognitive evaluation of life experiences; this measure is concerned with whether people like their lives or not. Life satisfaction includes both general (e.g., my life is going well) and domain-specific (e.g., I am satisfied with my family life) aspects. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25682
},
{
"id": "trm_510059e54b2cf",
"name": "attentional bias",
"definition_text": "Attentional bias refers to the tendency for a particular class of stimuli to capture attention. The term is most typically used to refer to biases related to emotional content in bottom-up-capture attention tasks. ",
"alias": "Attention bias",
"ID(c)": 25683
},
{
"id": "trm_5154a9f45903f",
"name": "reception of facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to perceive someoneâs emotional state non-verbally based on facial expressions. Examples include affect recognition, facial recognition and characterization.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25684
},
{
"id": "trm_5154aa9735134",
"name": "productive facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to convey oneâs emotional state non-verbally via facial expressions, including eye contact, expressive reciprocation, and gaze following.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25685
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b049c279f",
"name": "Reception of non-facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to perceive social and emotional information based on modalities other than facial expression, including non-verbal gestures, affective prosody, distress calling, cooing, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25686
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b23a3156a",
"name": "Production of non-facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to express social and emotional information based on modalities other than facial expression, including non-verbal gestures, affective prosody, distress calling, cooing, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25687
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b2f947fe9",
"name": "agency",
"definition_text": "The ability to recognize oneâs self as the agent of oneâs actions and thoughts, including the recognition of oneâs own body/body parts.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25688
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b39a3193d",
"name": "self knowledge",
"definition_text": "The ability to make judgments about oneâs current cognitive or emotional internal states, traits, and/or abilities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25689
},
{
"id": "trm_5159beaf80413",
"name": "animacy perception",
"definition_text": "The ability to appropriately perceive that another entity is an agent (i.e., has a face, interacts contingently, and exhibits biological motion).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25690
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c00c3dac3",
"name": "action perception",
"definition_text": "The perception of an action being performed by an animate entity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25691
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c0a633cda",
"name": "understanding mental states",
"definition_text": "The ability to make judgments and/or attributions about the mental state of other animate entities that allows one to predict or interpret their behaviors. Mental state refers to intentions, beliefs, desires, and emotions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25692
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c382bd8d4",
"name": "circadian rhythm",
"definition_text": "Endogenous, self-sustaining oscillations that organize the timing of biological systems to optimize physiology, behavior, and health. Circadian rhythms are synchronized by recurring environmental cues and attempt to anticipate the external environment. They also modulate homeostasis within the brain and other systems, tissues, and organs. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25693
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c70d0e98e",
"name": "sleep",
"definition_text": "Sleep and wakefulness are endogenous, recurring, behavioral states that reflect coordinated changes in the dynamic functional organization of the brain and that optimize physiology, behavior, and health. Homeostatic and circadian processes regulate the propensity for wakefulness and sleep. Sleep is a reversible state, characterized by postural recumbence, behavioral quiescence, and reduced responsiveness. It involves predictable cycling of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM). It is affected by experiences during wakefulness, and has restorative and transformative effects that optimize neurobehavioral functions during wakefulness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25694
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c80c1dd24",
"name": "loss",
"definition_text": "A state of deprivation of a motivationally significant con-specific, object, or situation. Loss may be social or non-social and may include permanent or sustained loss of monetary values, shelter, behavioral control, status, loved ones, or relationships. The response to loss may be episodic (e.g., grief) or sustained.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25695
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c885a7314",
"name": "defensive aggression",
"definition_text": "A response elicited by a real or perceived threat that leads to a pattern of behaviors directed at terminating the threat.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25696
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c8a5d3d13",
"name": "offensive aggression",
"definition_text": "A response elicited by competition over resource acquisition or other positive consequences. This form of aggression often arises from differences in social status and dominance.",
"alias": "proactive aggression",
"ID(c)": 25697
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c94667677",
"name": "reward valuation",
"definition_text": "Processes by which the probability and benefits of a prospective outcome are computed and calibrated by reference to external information, social context (e.g., group input, counterfactual comparisons), and/or prior experience. This calibration is influenced by pre-existing biases, learning, memory, stimulus characteristics, and deprivation states. Reward valuation may involve the assignment of incentive salience to stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25698
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c971bf444",
"name": "effort valuation",
"definition_text": "Processes by which the cost(s) of obtaining an outcome is computed; tendency to overcome response costs to obtain a reinforcer.",
"alias": "willingness to work",
"ID(c)": 25699
},
{
"id": "trm_5159cb12a0f92",
"name": "reward learning",
"definition_text": "A process by which organisms acquire information about stimuli, actions, and contexts that predict positive outcomes, and by which behavior is modified when a novel reward occurs or outcomes are better than expected. Reward learning is a type of reinforcement learning, and similar processes may be involved in learning related to negative reinforcement.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25700
},
{
"id": "trm_51838baad343e",
"name": "semantic network",
"definition_text": "Set of concepts and relations",
"alias": "ontology",
"ID(c)": 25701
},
{
"id": "trm_51a6905a3f021",
"name": "cognitive training",
"definition_text": "Targeted exercises designed to help improve mental capacities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25702
},
{
"id": "trm_51a690a7492eb",
"name": "emotion regulation",
"definition_text": "The ability to have control over and change emotional responses, such as feelings and behaviors associated with them. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25703
},
{
"id": "trm_51a690eeadcb7",
"name": "neuroplasticity",
"definition_text": "The brain's ability to change in structure and function through experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25704
},
{
"id": "trm_52068e5bd9aa1",
"name": "restricted behavior",
"definition_text": "A restricted behavior is a stereotyped pattern of behavior, activity, or interest. Examples include preoccupation with an object, activity, or topic, and this preoccupation is abnormal in intensity or focus. Individuals with restricted behaviors may find it challenging to break away from habit or routine.",
"alias": "repetitive behavior, stereotyped behavior",
"ID(c)": 25705
},
{
"id": "trm_52090251db8c8",
"name": "social motivation",
"definition_text": "An individual's tendency to seek out direct contact with another person or a group of people.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25706
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7afe39f78",
"name": "irritability",
"definition_text": "The quality or state of being agitated, testy, grumpy, moody, or having a short temper.",
"alias": "anger, agitation, moodiness, testy, grumpy, short tempered",
"ID(c)": 25707
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7ba79c2f1",
"name": "lethargy",
"definition_text": "a lack of energy or enthusiasm. In a social context, this means being socially withdrawn.",
"alias": "slow, socially withdrawn",
"ID(c)": 25708
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7c13bc55f",
"name": "hyperactivity",
"definition_text": "a condition characterized by excessive restlessness and movement, and commonly non-compliance",
"alias": "restlessness, movement, non-compliance",
"ID(c)": 25709
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7c886b614",
"name": "Inappropriate speech",
"definition_text": "dialogue, either to oneself or others, that is not appropriate or suitable to the current situation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25710
},
{
"id": "trm_523ca7e778c50",
"name": "internalizing",
"definition_text": "focusing negative energy on the self, often through holding back emotion, often leading to less than ideal emotional states (worry, anxiety, negativity and depression). These states are frequently present in autistic children.",
"alias": "worry, anxiety, negativity, depression",
"ID(c)": 25711
},
{
"id": "trm_523ca883711cc",
"name": "externalizing",
"definition_text": "attributing cause to factors outside of the self",
"alias": "attribution bias",
"ID(c)": 25712
},
{
"id": "trm_523e00f356226",
"name": "conduct disorder",
"definition_text": "Lacking regard for others and callous, unemotional. Characterized by repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate norms are violated.",
"alias": "callous, antisocial, unemotional",
"ID(c)": 25713
},
{
"id": "trm_523e024c14df9",
"name": "antisocial personality",
"definition_text": "avoiding the company of other people, unsociable, sometimes to the extent of injuring others or the interests of society in general",
"alias": "hermit, introvert",
"ID(c)": 25714
},
{
"id": "trm_523e034f9e69a",
"name": "defiance",
"definition_text": "bold resistance to an opposing force, power, or authority, expressed through behavior and attitude",
"alias": "disobedient, oppositional",
"ID(c)": 25715
},
{
"id": "trm_523e0419ec219",
"name": "obsession",
"definition_text": "compulsive preoccupation with a fixed idea or an unwanted feeling or emotion, often accompanied by symptoms of anxiety",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25716
},
{
"id": "trm_523e053844495",
"name": "social phobia",
"definition_text": "having a fear so strong of being judged by others and of being embarrassed that it significantly gets in the way of everyday life",
"alias": "embarrassment",
"ID(c)": 25717
},
{
"id": "trm_523e0a4b443dc",
"name": "rigidity",
"definition_text": "unable to stray from a particular pattern of behavior or thought",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25718
},
{
"id": "trm_523f5ee64102c",
"name": "agreeableness",
"definition_text": "Agreeableness is a personality trait manifesting itself in individual behavioral characteristics that are perceived as kind, sympathetic, cooperative, warm and considerate.\r\n\r\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreeableness",
"alias": "kind, sympathetic, cooperative, warm",
"ID(c)": 25719
},
{
"id": "trm_523f5f918cb2c",
"name": "openness",
"definition_text": "Openness to experience is one of the domains which are used to describe human personality in the Five Factor Model. Openness involves active imagination, aesthetic sensitivity, attentiveness to inner feelings, preference for variety, and intellectual curiosity.\r\n\r\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Openness_to_experience",
"alias": "imaginative, open, curious",
"ID(c)": 25720
},
{
"id": "trm_52405de6b7a63",
"name": "psychosis",
"definition_text": "A kind of disordered thinking for which thought and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25721
},
{
"id": "trm_52405e33adafa",
"name": "paranoia",
"definition_text": "a mental condition characterized by delusions of persecution, unwarranted jealousy, or exaggerated self-importance, typically elaborated into an organized system. It may be an aspect of chronic personality disorder, of drug abuse, or of a serious condition such as schizophrenia in which the person loses touch with reality.",
"alias": "delusional",
"ID(c)": 25722
},
{
"id": "trm_5240fddc2e43e",
"name": "phonological awareness",
"definition_text": "Explicit awareness of the abstract units that compose spoken words, including syllables, onset and rime units, and individual phonemes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25723
},
{
"id": "trm_52583d9f2ad98",
"name": "guilt",
"definition_text": "a cognitive or an emotional experience that occurs when a person realizes or believes (whether it is true or not) that he or she has compromised his or her own standards of conduct or has violated a moral standard, and bears significant responsibility for that violation.",
"alias": "remorse",
"ID(c)": 25724
},
{
"id": "trm_52583dceb345e",
"name": "anhedonia",
"definition_text": "lack of interest",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25725
},
{
"id": "trm_52583e083c9ab",
"name": "appetite",
"definition_text": "the desire to eat food",
"alias": "hunger",
"ID(c)": 25726
},
{
"id": "trm_52583e52d5e7a",
"name": "fatigue",
"definition_text": "a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy",
"alias": "tiredness",
"ID(c)": 25727
},
{
"id": "trm_52583e8a46ded",
"name": "suicidal ideation",
"definition_text": "thoughts about or an unusual preoccupation with suicide",
"alias": "suicidal, suicidal thoughts",
"ID(c)": 25728
},
{
"id": "trm_525c58f9aabae",
"name": "perfectionism",
"definition_text": "a personality trait characterized by a person's striving for flawlessness and setting excessively high performance standards, accompanied by overly critical self-evaluations and concerns regarding others' evaluations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25729
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8b8908809",
"name": "eating",
"definition_text": "An individual's preferences for food or general appetite.",
"alias": "appetite, food preference",
"ID(c)": 25730
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8cd1c9cc3",
"name": "sensory defensiveness",
"definition_text": "a condition defined as having "a tendency to react negatively or with alarm to sensory input which is generally considered harmless or non-irritating" to neurotypical people."",
"alias": "sensitivity",
"ID(c)": 25731
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8e198e0da",
"name": "sensitivity to change",
"definition_text": "an individual's ability to withstand changes in his or her environment or situation.",
"alias": "flexibility, tolerance",
"ID(c)": 25732
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8f3ed78a2",
"name": "noise sensitivity",
"definition_text": "having a tendency to react negatively or with alarm to noise input which is generally considered harmless or non-irritating to neurotypical individuals.",
"alias": "auditory sensitivity",
"ID(c)": 25733
},
{
"id": "trm_529d0d62290de",
"name": "loneliness",
"definition_text": "loneliness is a complex and unpleasant emotional response to isolation or lack of companionship.\r\n\r\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loneliness",
"alias": "isolation, solitary, alone",
"ID(c)": 25734
},
{
"id": "trm_52b5f1ef4f9cc",
"name": "phonological processing",
"definition_text": "Refers to the use of phonological information (i.e., the sound of one's language) in processing written and oral language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25735
},
{
"id": "trm_5358ede949107",
"name": "conflict adaptation effect",
"definition_text": "The congruency effect after incongruent trials is reduced when compared with congruent trials. It is a trial-to-trial effect. Originally reported by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1992; as refered by van Steenbergen, 2010; Psychological Science). Thus:\r\n(iI-iC) ",
"alias": "conflict adaptation, trial-to-trial conflict effect",
"ID(c)": 25736
},
{
"id": "trm_568427366401c",
"name": "sentence recognition ",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected sentence into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25737
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b5f181edd",
"name": "goal selection",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25738
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b7525d7a2",
"name": "discrimination",
"definition_text": "Responding differently to stimuli that differ in some aspect",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25739
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b80525e89",
"name": "stimulus detection",
"definition_text": "It is the ability to discern between information-bearing patterns and random patterns that distract from the information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25740
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b92bde7dc",
"name": "visual localization",
"definition_text": "Localization of visually perceived objects relative to other visually perceived objects (either simultaneously or successively) or relative to a visual norm, or by absolute identification.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25741
},
{
"id": "trm_5519ba1746e95",
"name": "perceptual priming",
"definition_text": "is based on the form of the stimulus and is enhanced by the match between the early and later stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25742
},
{
"id": "trm_5519bb7767d98",
"name": "spatial localization",
"definition_text": "reference to a definite locality in space",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25743
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0f822d95e",
"name": "Limited Capacity",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25744
},
{
"id": "trm_551f11bb8f6a8",
"name": "interference control",
"definition_text": "Protection from self-directed responses that result from disruption by competing events and responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25745
},
{
"id": "trm_56006cb5a61ac",
"name": "exogenous attention",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "stimulus-driven attention",
"ID(c)": 25746
},
{
"id": "trm_552185f5cda66",
"name": "object-based attention",
"definition_text": "refers to the relationship between an âobjectâ representation and a personâs visually stimulated, selective attention",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25747
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a0512df9a",
"name": "localization",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25748
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a2aa5b127",
"name": "conceptual priming",
"definition_text": "Conceptual priming is based on the meaning of a stimulus and is enhanced by semantic tasks. For example, table, will show priming effects on chair, because table and chair belong to the same category.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25749
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a3da10349",
"name": "positive priming",
"definition_text": "refers to increased speed of processing of priming caused by simply experiencing the stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25750
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a45a397a6",
"name": "repetition priming",
"definition_text": "refers to the finding that an initial presentation of a stimulus influences the way in which an individual will respond to that stimulus when it is presented at a later time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25751
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a51034353",
"name": "semantic priming",
"definition_text": "is where we process stimuli better depending on what comes first.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25752
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a5f310604",
"name": "associative priming",
"definition_text": "In associative priming, the target is a word that has a high probability of appearing with the prime, and is "associated" with it but not necessarily related in semantic features. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25753
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a663cd89c",
"name": "response priming",
"definition_text": "A special form of the visuomotor priming effect in which prime and target are presented in quick succession.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25754
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a6bc4db33",
"name": "kindness priming",
"definition_text": "is a specific form of priming that occurs when a subject experiences an act of kindness and subsequently experiences a lower threshold of activation when subsequently encountering positive stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25755
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a7a1376ed",
"name": "negative priming",
"definition_text": "is a kind of priming in which the speed of processing is slower than unprimed levels. It is caused by experiencing the stimulus and then ignoring it",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25756
},
{
"id": "trm_5524572b66764",
"name": "feature-based attention",
"definition_text": "direct limited processing resources on those sensory inputs that are most relevant for the task at hand",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25757
},
{
"id": "trm_5534111a8bc96",
"name": "punishment processing",
"definition_text": "the authoritative imposition of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome upon a group or individual, in response to a particular action or behaviour that is deemed unacceptable or threatening to some norm (from Wikipedia.org)",
"alias": "punish, negative feedback, punishment",
"ID(c)": 25758
},
{
"id": "trm_553967f006b70",
"name": "shape recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability to perceive a shape",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25759
},
{
"id": "trm_555cfb890d721",
"name": "relational comparison",
"definition_text": "Comparison of two stimuli based on a relational feature",
"alias": "relational matching",
"ID(c)": 25760
},
{
"id": "trm_557b471bc6cd8",
"name": "animacy decision",
"definition_text": "decision about whether a stimulus exhibits animacy",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25761
},
{
"id": "trm_557b474e2b578",
"name": "auditory tone detection",
"definition_text": "determining the presence of an auditory stimulus such as a sound or tone",
"alias": "sound detection, tone detection",
"ID(c)": 25762
},
{
"id": "trm_557b476527a27",
"name": "auditory tone discrimination",
"definition_text": "It is the ability to perceive and respond to differences among auditory stimuli",
"alias": "tone discrimination, sound discrimination",
"ID(c)": 25763
},
{
"id": "trm_557b477b4a15f",
"name": "body maintenance",
"definition_text": "keeping information about the body in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25764
},
{
"id": "trm_557b478ce1c24",
"name": "color recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected color stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25765
},
{
"id": "trm_557b47abe9a34",
"name": "decision certainty",
"definition_text": "the confidence of knowledge regarding the likelihood of an outcome.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25766
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4817db34d",
"name": "economic value processing",
"definition_text": "the process of comparing, at an idiosyncratic level, the economic value of two or more options.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25767
},
{
"id": "trm_557b482a7c62b",
"name": "emotional face recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of determining whether an emotional face is the same as another face that has been previously encountered.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25768
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4844ca14d",
"name": "emotional reappraisal",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25769
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4855a12b4",
"name": "emotional self-evaluation",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25770
},
{
"id": "trm_55e1b08e5b06c",
"name": "Dyslexia",
"definition_text": "Dyslexia is a reading impairment. There are currently 17 known types of dyslexia, each resulting from a different component of the reading process, each with different error types and different characteristics. Dyslexia can result from brain damage after reading has been acquired (acquired dyslexia), or can be present from birth (developmental dyslexia).",
"alias": "reading impairment",
"ID(c)": 25771
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4891e9265",
"name": "feature comparison",
"definition_text": "Comparison of stimuli based on a shared feature.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25772
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48a224b95",
"name": "loss anticipation",
"definition_text": "prior expectation of the occurrence of a loss, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25773
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48aeb7d58",
"name": "motion detection",
"definition_text": "to determine the presence of motion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25774
},
{
"id": "trm_565bce2791089",
"name": "implicit learning",
"definition_text": "the acquisition of knowledge in an incidental manner without awareness. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25775
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48d40d3cf",
"name": "negative emotion",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25776
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48e337218",
"name": "negative feedback processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluating a piece of information that has externally ascribed negative salience in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25777
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48f22ba99",
"name": "numerical scale judgment",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25778
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4904ee26d",
"name": "object maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping object information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25779
},
{
"id": "trm_557b491318742",
"name": "oddball detection",
"definition_text": "detecting patterns in a given data set that do not conform to an established normal behavior.",
"alias": "outlier detection, anomaly detection",
"ID(c)": 25780
},
{
"id": "trm_557b49206928b",
"name": "pattern maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping pattern information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25781
},
{
"id": "trm_557b493133416",
"name": "place maintenance",
"definition_text": "keeping information about a scene or place in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "scene maintenance",
"ID(c)": 25782
},
{
"id": "trm_557b493e4203a",
"name": "positive feedback processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluating a piece of information that has externally ascribed positive value in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25783
},
{
"id": "trm_557b494ca540d",
"name": "potential monetary loss",
"definition_text": "A potential negative return in the form of money for performance of a specific behavior. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25784
},
{
"id": "trm_557b495cdde57",
"name": "potential monetary reward",
"definition_text": "A potential positive return in the form of money for performance of a specific behavior.",
"alias": "potential cash reward",
"ID(c)": 25785
},
{
"id": "trm_557b49851e991",
"name": "proactive control",
"definition_text": "Top down modulation of cognitive processes in anticipation of future goals or task demands. Often involves reaction time slowing",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25786
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4993a0fdd",
"name": "reinforcement learning",
"definition_text": "the modification of the value placed on potential stimulus/action combinations based on the outcomes associated with those actions in the past",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25787
},
{
"id": "trm_557b499fac085",
"name": "resistance to distractor inference",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25788
},
{
"id": "trm_557b49ad14adf",
"name": "response conflict",
"definition_text": "The coactivation of competing response alternatives",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25789
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4a7315f1b",
"name": "response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action in accordance with task demands, enacting a specific overt behavior",
"alias": "action execution",
"ID(c)": 25790
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4a81a4a17",
"name": "reward anticipation",
"definition_text": "prior expectation of the occurrence of a reward, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25791
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4a913f8cc",
"name": "risk processing",
"definition_text": "the extraction of information about the potential or current risk associated with a stimulus",
"alias": "danger processing, threat processing",
"ID(c)": 25792
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4aa070c10",
"name": "selective control",
"definition_text": "Top-down modulation of specific response output or of specific stimuli in the environment. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25793
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4ab076338",
"name": "semantic categorization",
"definition_text": "The assignment of a semantic stimulus to one of a set of categories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25794
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4abe521af",
"name": "spatial selective attention",
"definition_text": "The process of dedicating cognitive and perceptual resources to one or more spatial inputs and attenuating receptiveness to other inputs. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25795
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4acdee820",
"name": "string maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping string (e.g., consonant) information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "consonant maintenance",
"ID(c)": 25796
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4add1837e",
"name": "task difficulty",
"definition_text": "the perceived effort required to complete some mental or physical activity",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25797
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4aeaeb744",
"name": "tool maintenance",
"definition_text": "keeping information about a tool in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25798
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4af7cc1cb",
"name": "visual body recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual body into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25799
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b05ae470",
"name": "visual color discrimination",
"definition_text": "the identification of differences in color amongst visual stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25800
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b154e0d9",
"name": "visual face recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual face into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25801
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b27dfd5e",
"name": "visual form discrimination",
"definition_text": "the identification of differences among visual forms.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25802
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b3a6a34d",
"name": "visual form recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual form into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25803
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b47d994a",
"name": "visual number recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected number stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25804
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b56de455",
"name": "visual object detection",
"definition_text": "visual detection of instances of objects of a certain class (such as humans, buildings, cars, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25805
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b652cbec",
"name": "visual pattern recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying a meaningful pattern in visual stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25806
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b7176394",
"name": "visual recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25807
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b7e68727",
"name": "visual place recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual place or scene into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25808
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b8cd05ca",
"name": "visual tool recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual tool into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25809
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b9ccdc4a",
"name": "visual word recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability to read (and understand) written words",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25810
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4bb7cf05b",
"name": "word maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping word information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25811
},
{
"id": "trm_558c73324a6ca",
"name": "intertemporal choice",
"definition_text": "the study of how people make choices about what and how much to do at various points in time, when choices at one time influence the possibilities available at other points in time.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Intertemporal_choice",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25812
},
{
"id": "trm_558c736199abd",
"name": "subjective value judgment",
"definition_text": "the process of comparing, at an idiosyncratic level, the relatively desirability of two or more options or the internal idiosyncratic value represented internally for such a judgement ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25813
},
{
"id": "trm_558c73b3663a6",
"name": "phonological comparison",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25814
},
{
"id": "trm_558c73f3c8c6f",
"name": "visual pseudoword recognition",
"definition_text": "the reading of written letter strings that follow the phonotactic rules of the written language",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25815
},
{
"id": "trm_558c74156b7ee",
"name": "phonological assembly",
"definition_text": "WRITE DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25816
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7439832d9",
"name": "visual letter recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected letter stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25817
},
{
"id": "trm_558c74b165bb1",
"name": "overt naming",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25818
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7ae1eaf86",
"name": "arithmetic processing",
"definition_text": "numerical calculations or derivation of numbers in response to an input with discrete or continuous salience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25819
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b14c076e",
"name": "auditory sentence recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning an detected sound stimulus in the form of a sentence into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25820
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b337080f",
"name": "right hand response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action with the right hand in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25821
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b5228ed4",
"name": "visual sentence recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected sentence stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25822
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b707f606",
"name": "left hand response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action with the left hand in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25823
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bd2b92003",
"name": "facial happiness recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of assigning the emotion of happiness to a stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25824
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bd6c61d78",
"name": "facial age recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of assigning an age to a stimulus based on evaluation of a face.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25825
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bd89d77c6",
"name": "facial attractiveness recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of evaluating the physical aesthetic of a face.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25826
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bda0c5dc3",
"name": "facial trustworthiness recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of evaluating the degree of trust based on the features or holistic representation of a face.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25827
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bde6b2e95",
"name": "facial recognition",
"definition_text": "identifying the existence of a face",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25828
},
{
"id": "trm_5595be14a57c5",
"name": "social inference",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25829
},
{
"id": "trm_559f0986182cc",
"name": "visual object maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping object information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25830
},
{
"id": "trm_559f09a5cdca9",
"name": "subjective food value",
"definition_text": "Subjective food value is used as term to indicate a food's worth, based on an individuals' current desires and needs (e.g., hunger). Subjective food value assessment is an intermediate step during food decision making. ",
"alias": "self-reported food pleasantness, self-reported food liking",
"ID(c)": 25831
},
{
"id": "trm_559f0a129c136",
"name": "response bias",
"definition_text": "A behavioral phenomena for which a participant in an experiment is biased to respond in a particular way.\r\n\r\n** Concepts in the Cognitive Atlas that are more behavioral in nature should be tagged as "behavioral phenomena"",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25832
},
{
"id": "trm_559f0a5b4cd36",
"name": "monetary reward prediction error",
"definition_text": "the difference between expected and received monetary reward",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25833
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b8b8e7870",
"name": "tone recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected tone stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25834
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b8e291dba",
"name": "auditory arithmetic processing",
"definition_text": "numerical calculations or derivation of numbers in response to an auditory input with discrete or continuous salience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25835
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b910b4b23",
"name": "right finger response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the right finger in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25836
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b92c1fd76",
"name": "left finger response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the left finger in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25837
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b952c1b4c",
"name": "right toe response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the right toe in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25838
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b96e77df6",
"name": "left toe response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the left toe in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25839
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b98b88f45",
"name": "tongue response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the tongue in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25840
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b9a666604",
"name": "working memory updating",
"definition_text": "WRITE DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25841
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b9d7c9435",
"name": "working memory maintenance",
"definition_text": "the active retention of information in a short-term memory store",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25842
},
{
"id": "trm_55c298bbe56d5",
"name": "high energy density food recognition",
"definition_text": "When a (familiar) food is encountered, an estimation of energy content and expected satiation is made based on an individual's earlier experiences and nutritional knowledge. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25843
},
{
"id": "trm_55c6f58e77fbe",
"name": "narrative comprehension",
"definition_text": "the process by which we understand stories, often presented through discourse-level language (written or spoken text)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25844
},
{
"id": "trm_55c6f87595b39",
"name": "face maintenance",
"definition_text": "WRITE DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25845
},
{
"id": "trm_55e1b27f5655e",
"name": "Surface dyslexia",
"definition_text": "surface dyslexia is a reading impairment, which can be acquired or developmental. It results from a deficit in the lexical route for word reading. As a result, the reader needs to rely on the sublexical for reading, reading by converting each letter or group of letters (grapheme) to a sound (phoneme). Surface dyslexia is characterised by slow reading (because reading via grapheme-to-phoneme conversion is slower than reading via the lexical route); it is also characterised by incorrect reading aloud of irregular words (such as talk, sure, none, and comb). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25846
},
{
"id": "trm_55ce70b20186b",
"name": "detection",
"definition_text": "to determine the presence of a stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25847
},
{
"id": "trm_55ce71c47f37b",
"name": "risk aversion",
"definition_text": "when exposed to uncertainty, behavior that attempts to reduce that uncertainty. \r\n\r\nBEHAVIORAL PHENOMENA",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25848
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef153d47bc0",
"name": "confidence judgment",
"definition_text": "Assessing the confidence or certainty of a decision",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25849
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef1fd2bc418",
"name": "visual string recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability to read (and understand) written strings of letters that do not follow the phonotactic rules of the language (which distinguishes it from visual word/pseudoword recognition)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25850
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef273a77a86",
"name": "auditory tone perception",
"definition_text": "the registration of an auditory tone",
"alias": "sound perception, tone perception",
"ID(c)": 25851
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef3ba010121",
"name": "vocal response execution",
"definition_text": "performance of an action in accordance with task demands, enacting a vocal behavior ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25852
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef687f48a9d",
"name": "auditory recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected sound stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25853
},
{
"id": "trm_5678a999f1c19",
"name": "numerical comparison",
"definition_text": "Mental comparison of numerical quantities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25854
},
{
"id": "trm_56798223b43b8",
"name": "decision uncertainty",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25855
},
{
"id": "trm_567982752ff4a",
"name": "decision under uncertainty",
"definition_text": "A decision in which the likelihood of possible outcomes is unknown or uncertain.",
"alias": "decision under ambiguity",
"ID(c)": 25856
},
{
"id": "trm_56798c5f25b0c",
"name": "context representation",
"definition_text": "The representation of features other than the primary stimulus that are relevant to a decision",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25857
},
{
"id": "trm_5679b0e9d8c20",
"name": "emotional enhancement",
"definition_text": "A process to increase or enhance the impact of an emotion on ones current conscious state or behavior.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25858
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a4dbdf127",
"name": "Motor Praxis",
"definition_text": "A measure of sensorimotor ability. Also, it was designed to familiarize the participant with the computer mouse used during most of the WebCNP tasks. During the MPraxis, the participant needs to move the computer mouse cursor over an ever-shrinking green box and click on it once each time it appears on a different location on the test-page. If participants canât complete the MPraxis, it is likely they wonât be able to complete any other WebCNP task.",
"alias": "Mpraxis, Mouse Practice",
"ID(c)": 25859
},
{
"id": "trm_58575b0d3c548",
"name": "processing speed",
"definition_text": "The general speed with which mental computations are performed. ",
"alias": "speed, mental speed, cognitive speed",
"ID(c)": 25860
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd9dcd78e5",
"name": "sound perception",
"definition_text": "Perception of (any kind of) sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25861
},
{
"id": "trm_586fda1743344",
"name": "voice perception",
"definition_text": "Perception of a voice sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25862
},
{
"id": "trm_58c80b824c51b",
"name": "social norm processing",
"definition_text": "Thinking about and making judgments on social norms, which are widely shared beliefs on appropriate behavior in a social situation, i.e. in a situation where others are present.\r\nNote that several other definitions of 'social norms' exist, for example in the context of economic decision games.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25863
},
{
"id": "trm_59cd0184eb2bf",
"name": "Chronesthesia",
"definition_text": "Chronesthesia is defined as a hypothetical ability that allows humans to be constantly aware of the past and the future.",
"alias": "Mental time travel",
"ID(c)": 25864
},
{
"id": "trm_59d184d09066b",
"name": "arousal (emotion)",
"definition_text": "The intensity of an emotion (as distinguished in the circumplex model from its valence)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25865
},
{
"id": "trm_59d184d0980bf",
"name": "arousal (physical)",
"definition_text": "Activation of physiological arousal systems involving the autonomic nervous system",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25866
},
{
"id": "trm_5a2852438fa35",
"name": "episodic future thinking",
"definition_text": "The capacity to imagine or simulate experiences that might occur in one's personal future \r\n\r\n(from Benoit, R.G., Schacter, D.L., & Szpunar, K.K. (2017). Episodic Future Thinking: Mechanisms and Functions. Current opinion in behavioral sciences, 17, 41-50)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25867
},
{
"id": "trm_5a285375c6a43",
"name": "prospection",
"definition_text": "the ability to represent what might happen in the future \r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25868
},
{
"id": "trm_5a285423171d9",
"name": "episodic simulation",
"definition_text": " the construction of a detailed mental representation of a specific autobiographical future event\r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25869
},
{
"id": "trm_5a285482e89c2",
"name": "episodic prediction",
"definition_text": "the estimation of the likelihood of, and/or oneâs reaction to a specific autobiographical future event\r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25870
},
{
"id": "trm_5a28604b01314",
"name": "episodic intention",
"definition_text": "the mental act of setting a goal in relation to a specific autobiographical future event\r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25871
},
{
"id": "trm_5a2860fa6b59e",
"name": "episodic planning",
"definition_text": "the identification and organization of steps needed to arrive at a specific autobiographical future event or outcome\r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25872
},
{
"id": "trm_P4qxFaMb6wiZ1",
"name": "meter",
"definition_text": "a regular pattern of strong and weak beats",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 42606
},
{
"id": "trm_zECbJhkrvMYDQ",
"name": "Naturalistic Biological Motion",
"definition_text": "Viewing dynamic scenes of biological motion (i.e. a movie of hands tying knots or a hand hammering a nail)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44671
},
{
"id": "trm_VeGoH5wNnyl4Q",
"name": "dynamic visual perception",
"definition_text": "Passive viewing of dynamic scenes (i.e. videos of landscapes, nature, or any movie)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44674
},
{
"id": "trm_EibcrcPYJ86gd",
"name": "Naturalistic Scenes",
"definition_text": "Passive viewing of naturalistic scenes (i.e. movies of landscapes and nature, cartoons, etc)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44676
},
{
"id": "trm_Ilz9RmdieE56K",
"name": "central fixation",
"definition_text": "Fixation on a central point",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44677
},
{
"id": "trm_BOD29Hs9qySTD",
"name": "Food cue reactivity",
"definition_text": "Brain response to food cues minus the response to non-food cues (often visual, but could also be olfactory) or an appropriate control cue (e.g. a a small amount of a tasteless control solution).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 47686
},
{
"id": "trm_jpDjcHLNr8Hko",
"name": "Self evaluation",
"definition_text": "participants evaluate how well several short trait descriptions fit the self.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 48693
},
{
"id": "trm_aFgzEYVgvyimF",
"name": "saccadic eye movement",
"definition_text": "quick, simultaneous movement of both eyes between two or more phases of fixation in the same direction (from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccade)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49698
},
{
"id": "trm_vK5imljyKMUAL",
"name": "self-reference effect",
"definition_text": "encoding of information or memory retrieval in reference to the self",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49699
},
{
"id": "trm_GfkAJLeHghfmp",
"name": "motivational salience",
"definition_text": "attention that propels an individual's behavior",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49702
},
{
"id": "trm_QehTtEcwPuRtK",
"name": "incentive salience",
"definition_text": "attention that confers desire to a rewarding stimulus",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49703
},
{
"id": "trm_om88i12KUeI1R",
"name": "aversive salience",
"definition_text": "attention that confers avoidance behavior to an unpleasant stimulus",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49704
},
{
"id": "trm_Vn5ZVrIz7GedN",
"name": "numerosity",
"definition_text": "non-symbolic number sense of percepts",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49705
},
{
"id": "trm_LDtOOxfCrEImf",
"name": "numerical cognition",
"definition_text": "set of cognitive processes pertaining to the assimilation, ascription and manipulation of numerical information",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49706
},
{
"id": "trm_LWGVPX20JubrD",
"name": "imagined pain",
"definition_text": "psychological-induced pain, i.e. pain in the absence of unpleasant stimulus",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49708
},
{
"id": "trm_MIl7ueSc43aen",
"name": "imagined physical pain",
"definition_text": "bodily pain caused by ideation of physical suffering",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49709
},
{
"id": "trm_AGb7jCLHtJ1sj",
"name": "imagined emotional pain",
"definition_text": "emotional pain caused by ideation of emotional distress",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49710
},
{
"id": "trm_NLuhZFq5jY7Cq",
"name": "temporal cognition",
"definition_text": "the processing of perceiving the flow-of-time and the temporal characteristics of world phenomena",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49711
},
{
"id": "trm_KcaEi0Mc9grrz",
"name": "time perception",
"definition_text": "subjective experience, or sense, of time, which is measured by someone's own perception of the duration of the indefinite and unfolding of events.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49712
},
{
"id": "trm_xMOwdL0Y58qYJ",
"name": "time orientation",
"definition_text": "organizing events in temporal categories of past, present and future",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49713
},
{
"id": "trm_M4nBW4V1iS71l",
"name": "cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction in the compass rose of a percept",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49714
},
{
"id": "trm_wrOXIUJWEWEYf",
"name": "visual scene perception",
"definition_text": "Perceiving visual input — typically of a real-world scene — that contains multiple elements in a spatial layout (e.g., may have multiple objects and object relations, with a foreground and a background).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49717
},
{
"id": "trm_OMciWXS7bNM11",
"name": "response alternatives",
"definition_text": "The process of responding to a choice of stimuli that changes on every trial.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49719
},
{
"id": "trm_yeQ7crXFocNza",
"name": "music perception",
"definition_text": "the conscious experience of discriminate music among all types of sensory stimuli.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52724
},
{
"id": "trm_hsrxov4azQ6nM",
"name": "music syntax",
"definition_text": "the combined processing of both low-level sound descriptors (such as loudness, timbre, pitch) and mid- plus high-level ones (like rythm, harmony, melody and genre).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52726
},
{
"id": "trm_utk2EAwtfI6x7",
"name": "music semantics",
"definition_text": "the processing of semantic retrieval from music",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52727
},
{
"id": "trm_jK0qVisychW39",
"name": "music cognition",
"definition_text": "the processing of mental functions on auditory encoding and emotion regulation that determines how music is experienced.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52728
},
{
"id": "trm_CN3u8GJWlTEUO",
"name": "temporal distance",
"definition_text": "the processing about inferring distance in time",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52730
},
{
"id": "trm_BkEqTepYc5hbf",
"name": "other-reference effect",
"definition_text": "encoding of information or memory retrieval in reference to other entity",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 53735
},
{
"id": "trm_YYKKwXb10F0XQ",
"name": "enumeration",
"definition_text": "the ability to report an amount of elements",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 53736
},
{
"id": "trm_K5YMl5L5H2Xjj",
"name": "north cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction of the compass rose defined as \"north\"",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54740
},
{
"id": "trm_QNIy3cChBO4cA",
"name": "south cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction of the compass rose defined as \"south\"",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54742
},
{
"id": "trm_OCCYobMYT2eky",
"name": "west cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction of the compass rose defined as \"west\"",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54744
},
{
"id": "trm_TDGJs2KaQIyc8",
"name": "east cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction of the compass rose defined as \"east\"",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54746
},
{
"id": "trm_lwnmyixYF0bNn",
"name": "cardinal orientation",
"definition_text": "positioning with respect to a specific cardinal axis of the compass rose",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54749
},
{
"id": "trm_izMVPVDOsJEkM",
"name": "west-east orientation",
"definition_text": "assessment of the west-east cardinal orientation",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54751
},
{
"id": "trm_0MvImupIHCn1e",
"name": "north-south orientation",
"definition_text": "assessment of the north-south cardinal orientation",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54753
},
{
"id": "trm_wTaB3Sl1dWvOW",
"name": "past time",
"definition_text": "mental construct relative to the no longer current",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54756
},
{
"id": "trm_dgZTWfjGK3RYq",
"name": "present time",
"definition_text": "mental construct relative to the existing or happening now",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54757
},
{
"id": "trm_XGQFZkDhrRRmm",
"name": "future time",
"definition_text": "mental construct relative to yet to come",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54758
},
{
"id": "trm_IatczRR1NRCb2",
"name": "cognitive distance",
"definition_text": "mental representation of an environmental distance",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54759
},
{
"id": "trm_MEjaEPF9qQveE",
"name": "temporal categorization",
"definition_text": "categorization of events in terms of past, present and future",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54760
},
{
"id": "trm_6NJi93UzFFKBj",
"name": "spatial distance",
"definition_text": "the processing about inferring distance in space",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54763
},
{
"id": "trm_BscVyjZu0vFu1",
"name": "near spatial distance",
"definition_text": "evaluative representation of an event near in space",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54764
},
{
"id": "trm_yFJ2nfBcwqdpZ",
"name": "far spatial distance",
"definition_text": "evaluative representation of an event far in space",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54765
},
{
"id": "trm_w3kwvBmlVXDsm",
"name": "near temporal distance",
"definition_text": "evaluative representation of an event near in time",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54766
},
{
"id": "trm_nDqGvtJMseYIJ",
"name": "far temporal distance",
"definition_text": "evaluative representation of an event far in time",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54767
},
{
"id": "trm_kYtw4QBOKCbsM",
"name": "biological motion",
"definition_text": "perception of the fluid motion of a biological agent",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56779
},
{
"id": "trm_5fjcydtc5dQY5",
"name": "visual shape recognition",
"definition_text": "is the ability to match, identify, and name a shape based on its visual display.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56787
},
{
"id": "trm_aCwrPX04WLjIH",
"name": "Monetary loss",
"definition_text": "is a perception of decreased economic values in possession as a result of one's decision.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56789
},
{
"id": "trm_ioHkrTU7owGjb",
"name": "visual sentence comprehension",
"definition_text": "ability to combine reading words into a meaningful sentence unit",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56790
},
{
"id": "trm_GefBol2cgYv34",
"name": "mentalization",
"definition_text": "the ability to understand the mental state, of oneself or others, that underlies overt behaviour.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56793
},
{
"id": "trm_6BXoIuFvTg9zF",
"name": "combinatorial semantics",
"definition_text": "ability to create a wide number of new meanings from a finite number of existing representations",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56795
},
{
"id": "trm_o8gXkYlb58RBV",
"name": "Mindset",
"definition_text": "A set of beliefs and dispositions people hold about themselves, their basic abilities and qualities, and the world around them.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57821
},
{
"id": "trm_mfw76CN2KbdFj",
"name": "flicker fusion threshold",
"definition_text": "the frequency for which a rapidly intermittent stimulus appears entirely steady for an observer ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57841
},
{
"id": "trm_t4oxJAwl1xRzQ",
"name": "temporal depth",
"definition_text": "The number of discrete and successive percepts within a single perceived frame of time.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57842
},
{
"id": "trm_X4cTmFq0qpgRI",
"name": "Thirst",
"definition_text": "from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirst:\r\nThirst is the craving for potable fluids, resulting in the basic instinct of animals to drink. It is an essential mechanism involved in fluid balance. It arises from a lack of fluids or an increase in the concentration of certain osmolites, such as sodium. If the water volume of the body falls below a certain threshold or the osmolite concentration becomes too high, structures in the brain detect changes in blood constituents and signal thirst.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57855
},
{
"id": "trm_BKfaKR4cv8MwD",
"name": "action-outcome learning",
"definition_text": "the association between a voluntary action and the perceived consequence",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57856
},
{
"id": "trm_H19qgUFFeZaLg",
"name": "pitch perception",
"definition_text": "the perceived fundamental frequency of a sound",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57864
},
{
"id": "trm_7s8F8orjDstDt",
"name": "beat perception",
"definition_text": "the ability to perceive temporal regularity in musical rhythm",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57865
},
{
"id": "trm_OogXjpJkhH7c3",
"name": "Grit",
"definition_text": "Passion and perseverance for long-term goals.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57873
},
{
"id": "trm_AU0Hu0wyHtKn4",
"name": "temporal discrimination",
"definition_text": "Recognition of relative differences between the durations of two or more comparable events, stimuli, and actions. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57876
},
{
"id": "trm_xJ2ikQmvjMzmI",
"name": "invariance",
"definition_text": "The tendency for an object's identity to remain consistent despite changes in properties or perspective; to maintain the perception and memory of an object's necessary features.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57878
},
{
"id": "trm_SbuNB0U1enr59",
"name": "principle of cohesion",
"definition_text": "(typically by an infant) two or more stationary surfaces are perceived to belong to the same individual object if and only if they are in contact with one another ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57879
},
{
"id": "trm_i2BpAh3lWxDby",
"name": "Attribution",
"definition_text": "The way individuals explain the causes of their experiences, behavior, and performance in a situation.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57886
},
{
"id": "trm_94lyXFzQH9ruD",
"name": "state consciousness",
"definition_text": "a mental state ascribed to dimensions of bodily arousal, awareness, and varying degrees of acuity in time perception",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57898
},
{
"id": "trm_HLeH7ee55sYqJ",
"name": "anaesthetised unresponsive",
"definition_text": "Subjects are unresponsive while receiving intravenous or inhaled anaesthetic agent",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57922
},
{
"id": "trm_MaWfLaH0xKHTK",
"name": "Pavlovian bias",
"definition_text": "Pavlovian bias (also called motivational bias) denotes that phenomenon that \r\n- reward-related cues (eliciting reward anticipation) invigorate action (lead to more active \"Go\" responses and speed up these Go responses)\r\n- punishment-related cues (eliciting punishment anticipation) suppress action (lead to less \"Go\" / more \"NoGo\" responses and slow down Go responses).\r\n\r\nThis phenomenon is often believed to arise based on asymmetric nature of the direct (\"Go\") and indirect (\"NoGo\") pathway in the basal ganglia (Frank, 2005, Collins & Frank, 2014). The direct pathway is assumed to \"gate\" / release actions, while the indirect pathway is believed to suppress/inhibit actions. The direct pathway features more dopamine D1 receptors (activated by high dopamine levels as in positive prediction errors elicited by rewards), while the indirect pathway features more dopamine D2/D3 receptors (activated by low dopamine levels as in negative prediction errors elicited by punishments). Hence, rewards should make the direct pathway more sensitive to input and thus facilitate action release, while punishments should make the indirect pathway more sensitive to input and thus facilitate action suppression.\r\n\r\nPavlovian biases are typically measured with the motivational go/nogo learning task.\r\nfMRI studies featuring this task having typically not found BOLD signal from the striatum/ basal ganglia to reflect reward vs. punishment anticipation (as predicted by the above basal ganglia model), but instead to reflect the executed response (Go vs. NoGo) (Guitart-Masip et al., 2011; Guitart-Masip, Huys et al., 2012; Guitart-Masip, Chowdhury et al., 2012; Moutoussis et al., 2018; Algermissen et al., 2021). Instead, cue valence (Win vs. Avoid) has been found to be encoded in vmPFC BOLD (positively) and ACC BOLD (negatively).\r\n\r\nPavlovian bias in behavior could arise from a response bias (i.e. reward/ punishment prospects biasing response selection), but also from biased action-outcome learning: A learning bias such that learning of Go responses after reward feedback is enhanced, while unlearning of NoGo responses after punishment feedback is attenuated, will also give rise to motivational biases (Swart et al., 2017, 2018; de Boer et al., 2019).\r\nPavlovian bias has been suggested as a response strategy in face of little control over the environment (Csifcsák et al., 2019; Dorfman & Gershman, 2019; Gershman et al., 2021).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57924
},
{
"id": "trm_vqA8b1BrA6U4V",
"name": "timing",
"definition_text": "knowledge of temporal order",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57954
},
{
"id": "trm_p77NrG4CTxmPS",
"name": "pitch discrimination",
"definition_text": "the ability to respond to pitch differences in the sound",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57974
},
{
"id": "trm_a4WdpQW5JYPH0",
"name": "delay discounting",
"definition_text": "Delay discounting is the decline in the present value of a reward with delay to its receipt",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57980
},
{
"id": "trm_4l7BDO8GJ3LdM",
"name": "Risk Taking",
"definition_text": "accepting a challenging task that simultaneously involves potential for failure as well as for accomplishment or personal benefit. It is often associated with creativity and taking calculated risks in the workplace or in educational settings.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58503
},
{
"id": "trm_0eeP5Xfft6ofk",
"name": "Awareness",
"definition_text": "perception or knowledge of something. Accurate reportability of something perceived or known is widely used as a behavioral index of conscious awareness. However, it is possible to be aware of something without being explicitly conscious of it (e.g., see blindsight)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58930
},
{
"id": "trm_Ba49klQ9ApNSg",
"name": "Risk Perception",
"definition_text": "an individual’s subjective assessment of the level of risk associated with a particular hazard (e.g., health threat). Risk perceptions vary according to factors such as past experiences, age, gender, and culture. For example, women tend to overestimate their risk of developing breast cancer. These exaggerated perceptions of risk may motivate people to seek genetic services, genetic testing, or prophylactic surgery. Also called perceived risk.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58931
},
{
"id": "trm_KhnMZaVYVHe43",
"name": "Transfer Data",
"definition_text": "Transferring QuickBooks to a new computer can seem like a daunting task, but with the right guidance, it can be a smooth and hassle-free process. Whether you're upgrading your hardware or switching to a different computer, it's essential to ensure that your financial data remains intact and accessible. In this article, we will provide you with a step-by-step guide on how to transfer QuickBooks to a new computer.\r\n\r\nNow, let's get into the step-by-step guide on how to transfer QuickBooks to a new computer:\r\n\r\nStep 1: Install QuickBooks on the New Computer\r\n\r\nInsert your QuickBooks installation CD or download the software from the official QuickBooks website.\r\n\r\nFollow the on-screen instructions to install QuickBooks on your new computer. When prompted, enter your product key.\r\n\r\nAfter installation, do not open QuickBooks yet.\r\n\r\nStep 2: Copy Your QuickBooks Data Files\r\n\r\nOn your old computer, locate your QuickBooks company files. These files usually have extensions like .QBW or .QBB.\r\n\r\nCopy these files to an external storage device, such as a USB drive, external hard drive, or cloud storage service.\r\n\r\nConnect the external storage device to your new computer.\r\n\r\nPaste the copied QuickBooks company files into a location on your new computer. The default location for these files is typically in the \"Documents\" or \"Public Documents\" folder.\r\n\r\nStep 3: Restore Your Backup\r\n\r\nOpen QuickBooks on your new computer.\r\n\r\nGo to the \"File\" menu and select \"Open or Restore Company.\"\r\n\r\nChoose \"Restore a backup copy\" and click \"Next.\"\r\n\r\nFollow the on-screen instructions to locate and select the backup file you copied to your new computer. This file will have a .QBB extension.\r\n\r\nComplete the restoration process by following the prompts.\r\n\r\nStep 4: Reactivate QuickBooks\r\n\r\nWhen you open QuickBooks on your new computer, you may be prompted to activate the software. Use your product key and follow the activation process.\r\n\r\nIf you encounter any issues with activation, contact QuickBooks support for assistance.\r\n\r\nStep 5: Verify Data and Settings\r\n\r\nAfter transferring your data, take some time to verify that all your financial data, settings, and preferences have been successfully transferred to the new computer.\r\n\r\nTest the software to ensure that everything is working as expected.\r\n\r\nhttps://www.askforaccounting.com/transfer-quickbooks-to-new-computer-be-it-mac-or-windows/",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58971
},
{
"id": "trm_N7MLgAsJBIbiQ",
"name": "trust",
"definition_text": "Trust means believing that another person will do what is expected. It brings with it a willingness for one party (the trustor) to become vulnerable to another party (the trustee), on the presumption that the trustee will act in ways that benefit the trustor (From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trust_(social_science)).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58976
},
{
"id": "trm_0wLVVlkHaAov9",
"name": "Reactive Control",
"definition_text": "During reactive mode, cognitive control is transiently activated only after the cognitively demanding event has occurred.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58986
},
{
"id": "trm_2gvDOFhX4ILY3",
"name": "Venturesomeness",
"definition_text": "Venturesomeness is defined as being conscious of the risk but acting anyway.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58988
},
{
"id": "trm_QlrVatUMhmg3s",
"name": "Behavioral Approach System",
"definition_text": "in reinforcement sensitivity theory, the physiological mechanism believed to control appetitive motivation. It is theorized to be sensitive to signals of reward, nonpunishment, and escape from punishment. Activity in this system causes the individual to begin (or to increase) movement toward goals. It has also been held that this system is responsible for the experience of positive feelings such as hope, elation, and happiness in response to these signals and that having a strong or chronically active BAS tends to result in extraversion. Also called behavioral activation system",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59048
},
{
"id": "trm_wzUYYp7Av6Unt",
"name": "Mindfulness",
"definition_text": "awareness of one’s internal states and surroundings. The concept has been applied to various therapeutic interventions—for example, mindfulness-based cognitive behavior therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction, and mindfulness meditation—to help people avoid destructive or automatic habits and responses by learning to observe their thoughts, emotions, and other present-moment experiences without judging or reacting to them.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59125
},
{
"id": "trm_30rzOgVoBsNqo",
"name": "Interpersonal Conflict",
"definition_text": "disagreement or discord between people with respect to goals, values, or attitudes.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59165
},
{
"id": "trm_Z1PwwmQJy6oB7",
"name": "Self-Efficacy",
"definition_text": "an individual’s subjective perception of his or her capability to perform in a given setting or to attain desired results, proposed by Albert Bandura as a primary determinant of emotional and motivational states and behavioral change.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59169
},
{
"id": "trm_H5TZwxrcaUSBI",
"name": "Coercion",
"definition_text": "the process of attempting to influence another person through the use of threats, punishment, force, direct pressure, and other negative forms of power.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59189
},
{
"id": "trm_f01v8jugwrqHl",
"name": "Demand",
"definition_text": "requirement or urgent need, particularly any internal or external condition that arouses a drive in an organism.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59220
},
{
"id": "trm_hwkommxKgvKas",
"name": "Coping",
"definition_text": "the use of cognitive and behavioral strategies to manage the demands of a situation when these are appraised as taxing or exceeding one’s resources or to reduce the negative emotions and conflict caused by stress.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59254
},
{
"id": "trm_v97yWIWghz10Z",
"name": "Behavioral Inibition System",
"definition_text": "in reinforcement sensitivity theory, the physiological mechanism believed to control aversive motivation. It is theorized to be sensitive to signals of punishment and nonreward. Activity in this system suppresses behavior that may lead to negative or painful outcomes and inhibits movement toward goals. It has also been held that this system is responsible for the experience of negative feelings such as fear, anxiety, frustration, and sadness in response to these signals and that having a strong or chronically active BIS tends to result in introversion",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59280
},
{
"id": "trm_7J8bZcxhab2mR",
"name": "Cognitive warfare ",
"definition_text": " the activities conducted in synchronization with other instruments of power, to affect attitudes and behaviours by manipulating , changing ,influencing, protecting, and/or disrupting individual and group cognitions to gain an advantage.Cognitive Warfare integrates cyber, information, psychological, and social engineering capabilities. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59301
},
{
"id": "trm_seBaaqL9E7Q1v",
"name": "reciprocity",
"definition_text": "Reciprocity, as a fundamental principle in social psychology, revolves around the concept that individuals tend to respond to the actions of others in a manner that mirrors the positive or negative nature of those actions. It involves a mutual exchange of behaviors and reactions, where individuals reciprocate the same type of behavior they have received from others[2] (Molm et al., 2007) (From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocity_(social_psychology)).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59306
},
{
"id": "trm_LoNlAQafora4r",
"name": "Mastery Orientation",
"definition_text": "an adaptive pattern of achievement behavior in which individuals enjoy and seek challenge, persist in the face of obstacles, and tend to view their failings as due to lack of effort or poor use of strategy rather than to lack of ability.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59327
},
{
"id": "trm_t3L0j7X6p66JK",
"name": "Physical Activity",
"definition_text": "any bodily movement produced by contraction of skeletal muscle that increases energy expenditure above the basal level.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59338
},
{
"id": "trm_cz5r7bGDpqiwn",
"name": "Cognitive warfare ",
"definition_text": " the activities conducted in synchronization with other instruments of power, to affect attitudes and behaviours by manipulating , changing ,influencing, protecting, and/or disrupting individual and group cognitions to gain an advantage.Cognitive Warfare integrates cyber, information, psychological, and social engineering capabilities. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59355
},
{
"id": "trm_2aZtye4tjHl4U",
"name": "anxiety sensitivity ",
"definition_text": "Anxiety Sensitivity (AS) is defined in terms of fear of anxiety-related sensations due to beliefs about what those sensations mean (Reiss et al., 1986)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59365
},
{
"id": "trm_pNo3F5h7B8Eg7",
"name": "Dyadic Effect",
"definition_text": "That part of the behavior of two interacting individuals that is the product of their particular interaction and that is distinct from the way in which each characteristically relates to others.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59400
},
{
"id": "trm_WoLBai9ycl8yE",
"name": "Interoceptive awareness",
"definition_text": "the ability to identify, access, understand, and respond appropriately to the patterns of internal signal",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59417
},
{
"id": "trm_s3yxeUMCHAo7j",
"name": "Marital Conflict",
"definition_text": "Open or latent antagonism between marriage partners. The nature and intensity of conflicts varies greatly, but studies indicate that the prime sources are often sexual disagreement, child-rearing differences, temperamental differences (particularly the tendency of one partner to dominate), and, to a lesser extent, religious differences, differences in values and interests, and disagreements over money management.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59438
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096be",
"name": "abductive reasoning",
"definition_text": "The process of adopting an explanatory hypothesis; inferring the cause A as a possible explanation for the consequence B.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25058
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096e3",
"name": "abstract analogy",
"definition_text": "high-level analogy that retains general information relevant to many specific instances",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25059
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096f0",
"name": "abstract knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge that is general and not tied to a specific instance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25060
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096fc",
"name": "acoustic coding",
"definition_text": "a type of short term memory coding that represents the acoustic properties of the signal",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25061
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09707",
"name": "acoustic encoding",
"definition_text": "the processing and encoding of auditory input for storage and later retrieval.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25062
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09713",
"name": "acoustic phonetic processing",
"definition_text": "the cognitive ability to discriminate items on the basis of contrasts in sonorance, manner, place, or voicing in auditory stimuli.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25063
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0971e",
"name": "acoustic processing",
"definition_text": "the extraction of information from signals propagated undersea, in the atmosphere, or in the solid earth in the presence of acoustic noise.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25064
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09735",
"name": "action",
"definition_text": "the bringing about of an alteration by force or through a natural agency; expression by means of attitude, voice, and gesture; a function of the body or one of its parts; an act of will; a thing done; the accomplishment of a thing usually over a period of time, in stages, or with the possibility of repetition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25065
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09741",
"name": "activation",
"definition_text": "the relative engagement of a particular mental representation compared to other representations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25066
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0974d",
"name": "activation level",
"definition_text": "quantity or amount of activation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25067
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09758",
"name": "adaptation",
"definition_text": "adjustment to environmental conditions; adjustment of a sense organ to the intensity or quality of stimulation; modification of an organism or its parts that makes it more fit for existence under the conditions of its environment. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25068
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09764",
"name": "adaptive control",
"definition_text": "modifying the control law used by a controller to cope with the fact that the parameters of the system being controlled are slowly time-varying or uncertain.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25069
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09770",
"name": "affect perception",
"definition_text": "The ability to understand a facial, vocal, or gestural behavior that serves as an indicator of emotion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25070
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0977b",
"name": "affect recognition",
"definition_text": "The ability to understand a physical expression that serves as an indicator of emotion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25071
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097b4",
"name": "altruism",
"definition_text": "helping others in the absence of an immediately obvious reward.",
"alias": "selflessness",
"ID(c)": 25072
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097bf",
"name": "altruistic motivation",
"definition_text": "A desire or need to help others driven by selflessness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25073
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097cb",
"name": "alveolar",
"definition_text": "speech sound articulated with the tip of the tongue touching or near the teethridge.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25074
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097d6",
"name": "amodal representation",
"definition_text": "The way the brain codes multiple inputs such as words and pictures to integrate and create a larger conceptual idea; independent of a particular modality",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25075
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097e2",
"name": "analog representation",
"definition_text": "a value or variable in analog form.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25076
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097ed",
"name": "analogical encoding",
"definition_text": "the structural comparison of a familiar with a novel situation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25077
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097f9",
"name": "analogical inference",
"definition_text": "is the ability to reason by permitting the extension of knowledge of a target domain by virtue of its similarity to a base domain. The general procedure for analogical inference involves copying structure from the base to the target in which missing information is generated, and substitutions are made for items for which analogical correspondences have already been found.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25078
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09804",
"name": "analogical problem solving",
"definition_text": "using principles or concepts from a well-understood situation to solve problems in a new domain or area",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25079
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09810",
"name": "analogical reasoning",
"definition_text": "a method of processing information that compares the similarities between new and understood concepts, then uses those similarities to gain understanding of the new concept; a form of inductive reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25080
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0981b",
"name": "analogical transfer",
"definition_text": "The transfer of knowledge from one situation to another by finding a set of one-to-one correspondences between aspects of one body of information and aspects of another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25081
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09827",
"name": "analogy",
"definition_text": "inference that if two or more things agree with one another in some respects they will probably agree in others; resemblance in some particulars between things otherwise unlike; correspondence between the members of pairs or sets of linguistic forms that serves as a basis for the creation of another form; correspondence in function between anatomical parts of different structure and origin.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25082
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09833",
"name": "anchoring",
"definition_text": "a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to rely too heavily, or "anchor," on one trait or piece of information when making decisions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25083
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09849",
"name": "anticipation",
"definition_text": "prior expectation of an event or occurrence, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction",
"alias": "intuition, foreknowledge, prescience, foresight, prediction, imaginative speculation",
"ID(c)": 25084
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09855",
"name": "apparent motion",
"definition_text": "The illusory perception that movement is occurring in one or more static images.",
"alias": "apparent movement",
"ID(c)": 25085
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0986c",
"name": "apperception",
"definition_text": "the process by which new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum of past experience of an individual to form a new whole.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25086
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09877",
"name": "appetitive motivation",
"definition_text": "behavior directed toward goals that are usually associated with positive hedonic processes. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25087
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09883",
"name": "arousal",
"definition_text": "Disambiguation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25088
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0988f",
"name": "articulation",
"definition_text": "the act of vocally producing an utterance or expression",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25089
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0989a",
"name": "articulatory planning",
"definition_text": "The action of coordinating complex tongue and mouth movements in order to produce sound. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25090
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098a6",
"name": "articulatory rehearsal",
"definition_text": "the process of subvocally repeating material that is to be stored in memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25091
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098b2",
"name": "assimilation",
"definition_text": "the process of receiving new facts or of responding to new situations in conformity with what is already available to consciousness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25092
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098bd",
"name": "association",
"definition_text": "the process of forming mental connections or bonds between sensations, ideas, or memories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25093
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098c9",
"name": "association learning",
"definition_text": "learning process in which two or more items or concepts become associated with each other; often used in relation to learned stimulus-response associations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25094
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098e0",
"name": "attachment",
"definition_text": "a social connection between individuals",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25095
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098eb",
"name": "attended channel",
"definition_text": "the particular input, out of two or more, that is consciously perceived due to attention. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25096
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098f7",
"name": "attended stimulus",
"definition_text": "the specific object in the environment on which attention is focused.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25097
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09902",
"name": "attention",
"definition_text": "used to describe any number of cognitive processes, organized as top-down or bottom-up, goal-directed or stimulus-driven, and more, but generally reflecting an interplay between cognitive and sensory systems.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25098
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0990e",
"name": "attention capacity",
"definition_text": "refers to the extent that one can allocate their processing resources.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25099
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09919",
"name": "attentional effort",
"definition_text": "a motivated activation of attention systems in order to stabilize or recover attentional performance in response to the detection of errors and reward loss or, more generally, deteriorating attentional performance; amount of attentional resources needed for a particular situation; engagement of attentional resources",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25100
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09925",
"name": "attentional resources",
"definition_text": "amount of available attentional capacity",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25101
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09930",
"name": "attentional state",
"definition_text": "referring to amount of attentional resources being engaged; a relaxed attentional state requires little attentional effort, whereas an alert, focused attentional state requires more",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25102
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09947",
"name": "attitude",
"definition_text": "a mental position with regard to a fact or state",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25103
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09953",
"name": "audiovisual perception",
"definition_text": "a single unified awareness derived from the integration of auditory and visual sensory processes when a audiovisual stimulus is present. \r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25104
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0995e",
"name": "audition",
"definition_text": "the sense or act of hearing.",
"alias": "auditory",
"ID(c)": 25105
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a10",
"name": "auditory attention",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one auditory stream in the environment while ignoring others.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25106
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a3d",
"name": "auditory coding",
"definition_text": "processing and encoding of sound, words, and all other auditory input for storage and later retrieval. According to Baddeley, processing of auditory information is aided by the concept of the phonological loop, which allows input within our echoic memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25107
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a49",
"name": "auditory encoding",
"definition_text": "the process of storing auditory information in memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25108
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a55",
"name": "auditory feedback",
"definition_text": "is provided by auditory stimulation in response to specific behavior. The feedback may be used to amend subsequent behavior, cognition, perception or performance.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25109
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a61",
"name": "auditory grouping",
"definition_text": "joining disparate sounds together into one percept; assessing which acoustic streams belong together",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25110
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a6c",
"name": "auditory imagery",
"definition_text": "the subjective experience of hearing in the absence of auditory stimulation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25111
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a78",
"name": "auditory learning",
"definition_text": "learning of auditorily presented information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25112
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a84",
"name": "auditory lexical access",
"definition_text": "The process by which the basic sound-meaning connections of language, i.e., lexical entries, are activated.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25113
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a8f",
"name": "auditory localization",
"definition_text": "a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25114
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a9b",
"name": "auditory masking",
"definition_text": "the perception of one sound is affected by the presence of another sound; presenting a sound to interfere with or terminate a target sound",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25115
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09aa7",
"name": "auditory memory",
"definition_text": "the cognitive capacity of storing and retrieving information related to sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25116
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ab2",
"name": "auditory perception",
"definition_text": "The ability to identify, interpret, and attach meaning to sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25117
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09abe",
"name": "auditory scene",
"definition_text": "auditory scene analysis is the process by which the human auditory system organizes sound into perceptually meaningful elements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25118
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09aca",
"name": "auditory scene analysis",
"definition_text": "the process by which the human auditory system organizes sound into perceptually meaningful elements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25119
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ad5",
"name": "auditory sentence comprehension",
"definition_text": "ability to combine auditory words into a meaningful sentence unit. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25120
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ae1",
"name": "auditory stream segregation",
"definition_text": "the perceptual grouping of sounds to form coherent representations of objects in the acoustic scene; a fundamental aspect of hearing and speech perception.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25121
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09aed",
"name": "auditory word comprehension",
"definition_text": "ability to parse acoustic signals into meaningful words",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25122
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09af8",
"name": "auditory word recognition",
"definition_text": "ability to recognize acoustically presented words",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25123
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b04",
"name": "auditory working memory",
"definition_text": "Working memory for auditory information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25124
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b10",
"name": "autobiographical memory",
"definition_text": "a memory system consisting of episodes recollected from an individualâs life, based on a combination of episodic (personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place) and semantic (general knowledge and facts about the world) memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25125
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b1c",
"name": "autobiographical recall",
"definition_text": "episodes recollected from an individualâs life, based on a combination of episodic (personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place) and semantic (general knowledge and facts about the world) memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25126
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b28",
"name": "automaticity",
"definition_text": "behavior performed without intention",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25127
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b33",
"name": "availability heuristic",
"definition_text": "A heuristic in which people predict the frequency of classes or the probability of events based on the ease with which relevant instances come to mind. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25128
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b3f",
"name": "aversive learning",
"definition_text": "behavior modification using an adverse stimulus in response to the inappropriate or undesirable behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25129
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b62",
"name": "backward chaining",
"definition_text": "an inference method used in automated theorem provers, proof assistants and other artificial intelligence applications. Backward chaining starts with a list of goals (or a hypothesis) and works backwards from the consequent to the antecedent to see if there is data available that will support any of these consequents.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25130
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b79",
"name": "behavioral inhibition",
"definition_text": "Disambiguation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25131
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b85",
"name": "belief",
"definition_text": "a state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing; conviction of the truth of some statement or the reality of some being or phenomenon especially when based on examination of evidence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25132
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b9c",
"name": "binocular convergence",
"definition_text": "when you look at an object that is closer than approximately 25 feet, your eyes must converge on the object to perceive it as a single object clearly in focus." ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25133
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bb3",
"name": "binocular disparity",
"definition_text": "the difference in image location of an object seen by the left and right eyes, resulting from the eyes' horizontal separation. The brain uses binocular disparity to extract depth information from the two-dimensional retinal images in stereopsis.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25134
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bbf",
"name": "binocular vision",
"definition_text": "is vision in which both eyes are used together. Having two eyes confers at least four advantages over having one. First, it gives a creature a spare eye in case one is damaged. Second, it gives a wider field of view. Third, it gives binocular summation in which the ability to detect faint objects is enhanced. Fourth it can give stereopsis in which parallax provided by the two eyes' different positions on the head give precise depth perception. Such binocular vision is usually accompanied by singleness of vision or binocular fusion, in which a single image is seen despite each eye's having its own image of any object. Other phenomena of binocular vision include utrocular discrimination, eye dominance, allelotropia, and binocular rivalry.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25135
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bcb",
"name": "bitterness",
"definition_text": "being or inducing the one of the four basic taste sensations that is peculiarly acrid, astringent, or disagreeable; marked by intensity or severity; marked by cynicism and rancor; intensely unpleasant especially in coldness or rawness; expressive of severe pain, grief, or regret.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25136
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09be2",
"name": "body orientation",
"definition_text": "perception of the orientation of the body overall relative to other objects in the environment",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25137
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bee",
"name": "capacity limitation",
"definition_text": "a limitation on the capacity to process information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25138
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bf9",
"name": "case based reasoning",
"definition_text": "the process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25139
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c05",
"name": "categorical clustering",
"definition_text": "the clustering of recalled items based on category membership",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25140
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c11",
"name": "categorical knowledge",
"definition_text": "knowledge about different attributes and uses of an object that allows it to be placed in a group of objects with similar attributes and uses.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25141
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c1c",
"name": "categorical perception",
"definition_text": "A form of perception in which the individual perceives a categorical distinction rather than a continuous scale of a varying perceptual feature. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25142
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c28",
"name": "categorization",
"definition_text": "The assignment of a stimulus to one of a set of categories",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25143
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c34",
"name": "category based induction",
"definition_text": "requires that information about one set of categories is used to infer something about another category. A set of premises establishes that one or more categories possess a certain property. The premises are followed by an assertion (the conclusion) that a target category also possesses that property. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25144
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c3f",
"name": "category learning",
"definition_text": "is a strategy which requires a learner to compare and contrast groups or categories that contain concept-relevant features with groups or categories that do not contain concept-relevant features.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25145
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c5b",
"name": "causal inference",
"definition_text": "The process of inferring that one state/object/event causes the occurrence of another state/object/event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25146
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c69",
"name": "central attention",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive process that allows one to focus on the most important and relevant train of thought that needs to be attended to in a specific situation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25147
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c74",
"name": "centration",
"definition_text": "the tendency to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25148
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c80",
"name": "chemonociception",
"definition_text": "perception of stimulation by noxious chemical agents",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25149
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c97",
"name": "chromatic contrast",
"definition_text": "When a small patch is surrounded by a color field, the patch appears to be tinted in the opponent color of the surrounding field.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25150
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ca3",
"name": "chunk",
"definition_text": "Structure in memory that is used as a unit of knowledge representation. Also refers to the process of learning by which these units are acquired.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25151
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09cae",
"name": "chunking",
"definition_text": "The process of recoding information by splitting or reorganizing it into smaller parts. \r\nActually: combining several smaller items into a larger "group" item, i.e.: 3 separate "incoming aircraft" considered as "3 incoming aircraft". Significantly reduces the working memory space used. Likely concept model for computer programming data-forms that list pointers to numerous specific data. Larger classes of concepts include: Learning and Memory, Attention, Action (Planning), Executive Control.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25152
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d35",
"name": "cognitive development",
"definition_text": "the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25153
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d41",
"name": "cognitive dissonance",
"definition_text": "The mental state in which a person holds multiple conflicting ideas simultaneously",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25154
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d4d",
"name": "cognitive effort",
"definition_text": "Consciously or intentionally engaging cognitive resources in order to achieve a particular end.",
"alias": "mental effort",
"ID(c)": 25155
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d58",
"name": "cognitive heuristic",
"definition_text": "are simple, efficient rules, hard-coded by evolutionary processes or learned, which have been proposed to explain how people make decisions, come to judgments, and solve problems, typically when facing complex problems or incomplete information. These rules work well under most circumstances, but in certain cases lead to systematic errors or cognitive biases.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25156
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d64",
"name": "cognitive load",
"definition_text": "The amount of demand placed on working memory, typically expressed along some continuum and within a theoretical maximum.",
"alias": "cognitive effort, processing capacity",
"ID(c)": 25157
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d70",
"name": "cognitive map",
"definition_text": "a type of mental processing composed of a series of psychological transformations by which an individual can acquire, code, store, recall, and decode information about the relative locations and attributes of phenomena in their everyday or metaphorical spatial environment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25158
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d93",
"name": "color perception",
"definition_text": "The process of distinguishing objects based on the wavelengths of the light they reflect or emit.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25159
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d9e",
"name": "communication",
"definition_text": "a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25160
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09daa",
"name": "competition",
"definition_text": "the act or process of competing; active demand by two or more organisms or kinds of organisms for some environmental resource in short supply; a contest between rivals.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25161
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09db6",
"name": "concept",
"definition_text": "a cognitive unit of meaningâan abstract idea or a mental symbol sometimes defined as a "unit of knowledge," built from other units which act as a concept's characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25162
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dc1",
"name": "concept learning",
"definition_text": "Concept learning, also known as category learning and concept attainment, is largely based on the works of the cognitive psychologist Jerome Bruner. Bruner, Goodnow, & Austin (1967) defined concept attainment (or concept learning) as "the search for and listing of attributes that can be used to distinguish exemplars from non exemplars of various categories." More simply put, concepts are the mental categories that help us classify objects, events, or ideas and each object, event, or idea has a set of common relevant features. Thus, concept learning is a strategy which requires a learner to compare and contrast groups or categories that contain concept-relevant features with groups or categories that do not contain concept-relevant features.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25163
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dcd",
"name": "conceptual category",
"definition_text": "a way of organizing information, generally derived from experience; they can be part of a hierarchy, as in a taxonomy, or without, as in an alphabet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25164
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dd9",
"name": "conceptual coherence",
"definition_text": "combining a set concepts to make sense of a situation or set of situations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25165
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09de4",
"name": "conceptual planning",
"definition_text": "in linguistics, a flexible process of preparation pertaining to grammatical structure of clauses, occurring both before and during production thereof",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25166
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09df0",
"name": "conceptual skill",
"definition_text": "is the ability to form concepts about abstract and complex ideas such as communication, language, time, and money, for example.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25167
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dfc",
"name": "conceptualization",
"definition_text": "to form a concept of; to interpret.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25168
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e07",
"name": "conditional reasoning",
"definition_text": "the reasoner must draw a conclusion based on a conditional, or âifâ¦then,â proposition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25169
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e13",
"name": "conflict detection",
"definition_text": "arises in the presence of concurrently active, mutually exclusive representations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25170
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e1e",
"name": "conjunction search",
"definition_text": "the process of searching for a target that is not defined by any single unique visual feature, but by a combination of two or more features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25171
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e2a",
"name": "connotation",
"definition_text": "the suggesting of a meaning by a word apart from the thing it explicitly names or describes; something suggested by a word or thing; the signification of something; an essential property or group of properties of a thing named by a term in logic.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25172
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e35",
"name": "consciousness",
"definition_text": "the quality or state of being aware especially of something within oneself; the state or fact of being conscious of an external object, state, or fact; the state of being characterized by sensation, emotion, volition, and thought; the totality of conscious states of an individual; the normal state of conscious life,(regained consciousness); the upper level of mental life of which the person is aware as contrasted with unconscious processes.\r\n",
"alias": "awareness",
"ID(c)": 25173
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e58",
"name": "constancy",
"definition_text": "steadfastness of mind under duress; a state of being constant or unchanging.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25174
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e64",
"name": "constituent structure",
"definition_text": "is an analysis, often in the form of a schematic representation, of the constituents of a construction, such as a sentence.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25175
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e6f",
"name": "context",
"definition_text": "A set of interrelated conditions in which something exists or occurs (e.g., a style of language in a particular passage, activity of a given regions given sensory input).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25176
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e7b",
"name": "context dependent",
"definition_text": "is a class of memory that refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are the same.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25177
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e87",
"name": "context memory",
"definition_text": "refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are similar.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25178
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e93",
"name": "contextual knowledge",
"definition_text": "information, and/or skills that have particular meaning because of the conditions that form part of their description. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25179
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e9e",
"name": "contingency learning",
"definition_text": "Learning of the contingencies between different events",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25180
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09eaa",
"name": "contrastive stress",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25181
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09eb6",
"name": "conventionality",
"definition_text": "the quality, fact, or condition of being conventional; conventional behavior or act; a conventional form, usage, or rule. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25182
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ece",
"name": "convergent thinking",
"definition_text": "analytical, usually deductive, thinking in which ideas are examined for their logical validity or in which a set of rules is followed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25183
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09eda",
"name": "conversation",
"definition_text": "An exchange of sentiments, observations, opinions, or ideas.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25184
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ee6",
"name": "conversational skill",
"definition_text": "Ability to engage in appropriate communication of sentiments, observations, opinions, or ideas through dialogue.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25185
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ef0",
"name": "conversational speech",
"definition_text": "is interactive, more-or-less spontaneous, communication between two or more conversants. Interactivity occurs because contributions to a conversation are response reactions to what has previously been said. Spontaneity occurs because a conversation must proceed, to some extent, and in some way, unpredictably.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25186
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09efb",
"name": "conversational structure",
"definition_text": "is the organization of interactive, more-or-less spontaneous, communication between two or more conversants.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25187
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f07",
"name": "coordination",
"definition_text": "is the act of coordinating, making different people or things work together for a goal or effect. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25188
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f12",
"name": "coproduction",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25189
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f1e",
"name": "coreference",
"definition_text": "a relationship between two words or phrases in which both refer to the same person or thing and one stands as a linguistic antecedent of the other.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25190
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f2a",
"name": "creative cognition",
"definition_text": "involves two types of processes: generative processes and exploratory processes. \r\n\r\nGenerative processes are those that most of us think about when we think of creativity. They are the processes by which creative concepts are first born. These processes are highly visible in extreme acts of creativity, but they are also evident in ordinary, everyday cognition. Examples (from Ward et al.(cited below)) include memory retrieval, association formation among information retrieved from memory, combinations of structures retrieved from memory, the synthesis of new structures, the transformation of retrieved structures into "new forms," analogical transfer between domains, and "categorical reduction," which involves reducing existing structures to "more primitive constituents". \r\n\r\nExploratory processes are the processes used to explore the structures produced by generative processes. Examples of exploratory processes (given by Ward, et al.) include searching retrieved structures for "novel attributes," searching for "metaphorical implications," searching for possible functions, "the evaluation of structures from different perspectives or within different contexts," interpretation of structures from the perspective of the problem(s) to be solved, and "the search for various practical or conceptual limitations that are suggested by the structures."\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25191
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f36",
"name": "creative problem solving",
"definition_text": "the mental process of independently creating a solution to a problem without learned assistance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25192
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f42",
"name": "creative thinking",
"definition_text": "the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action (Scriven & Paul, 1992).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25193
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f4d",
"name": "critical period",
"definition_text": "a limited time in which an event can occur, usually to result in some kind of transformation; in developmental psychology and developmental biology, it is a time in the early stages of an organism's life during which it displays a heightened sensitivity to certain environmental stimuli, and develops in particular ways due to experiences at this time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25194
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f59",
"name": "crosstalk",
"definition_text": "interference by information presented via multiple channels",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25195
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f64",
"name": "crystallized intelligence",
"definition_text": "the ability to utilize previously acquired knowledge and experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25196
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f70",
"name": "cue dependent forgetting",
"definition_text": "is the failure to recall a memory due to missing stimuli or cues that were present at the time the memory was encoded.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25197
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f7c",
"name": "cue validity",
"definition_text": "the conditional probability that an object falls in a particular category given a particular feature or cue.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25198
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f87",
"name": "cueing",
"definition_text": "to give/present a stimulus that prompts a reaction.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25199
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a006",
"name": "dative shift",
"definition_text": "a grammatical process by which an oblique argument of a verb, usually one functioning as a recipient or a benefactive (roles often expressed by datives), is placed in the same grammatical role as a patient, increasing the valency of the verb and forming a clause with two objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25200
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a021",
"name": "decay of activation",
"definition_text": "An explanation for why spreading activation, in network-based models of knowledge representation, peters out as a function of the distance between nodes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25201
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a02c",
"name": "deception",
"definition_text": "an act to propagate beliefs that are not true, or not the whole truth (as in half-truths or omission).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25202
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a038",
"name": "decision making",
"definition_text": "The deliberate selection of a single alternative amongst multiple alternatives. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25203
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a044",
"name": "declarative knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge that is descriptive and includes knowing "that" rather than knowing "how" (can be expressed in declarative sentences).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25204
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a04f",
"name": "declarative memory",
"definition_text": "Memory for facts, and that can be intentionally articulated in some manner.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25205
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a05b",
"name": "declarative rule",
"definition_text": "A criterion for which one possesses declarative knowledge. Contrasts with an implicit or non-declarative rule, which one might follow but not represent as a rule or even be aware that they are following.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25206
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a066",
"name": "deductive inference",
"definition_text": "A type of inference in which the conclusion always follows from the stated premises.If the premises are true, then the conclusion is valid.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25207
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a072",
"name": "deductive reasoning",
"definition_text": "is reasoning which constructs or evaluates deductive arguments. Deductive arguments are attempts to show that a conclusion necessarily follows from a set of premises or hypotheses.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25208
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a07e",
"name": "deep processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluating a piece of information in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25209
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a08a",
"name": "deep structure",
"definition_text": "The essential meaning of a sentence, without regard to the grammatical features (surface structure) of the sentence that are needed to express it in words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25210
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a095",
"name": "depth cue",
"definition_text": "Depth perception arises from a variety of depth cues. These are typically classified into binocular cues that require input from both eyes and monocular cues that require the input from just one eye. Binocular cues include stereopsis, yielding depth from binocular vision through exploitation of parallax. Monocular cues include size: distant objects subtend smaller visual angles than near objects. A third class of cues requires synthetic integration of binocular and monocular cues.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25211
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0a1",
"name": "depth perception",
"definition_text": "Ability to perceive the visual world in three dimensions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25212
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0ad",
"name": "desire",
"definition_text": "to long or hope for, exhibit or feel desire for; to express a wish for.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25213
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0dc",
"name": "diphthong",
"definition_text": "a gliding monosyllabic speech sound (as the vowel combination at the end of toy) that starts at or near the articulatory position for one vowel and moves to or toward the position of another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25214
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0e7",
"name": "dispositions",
"definition_text": "Tendency to act in a particular manner given a certain set of antecedents. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25215
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0f3",
"name": "distraction",
"definition_text": "Any event that interrupts a mental process.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25216
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0ff",
"name": "distributed coding",
"definition_text": "A type of coding in which the information that constitutes a concept (or mental representation) is spread amongst a number of constituent representations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25217
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a10a",
"name": "divergent thinking",
"definition_text": "a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25218
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a116",
"name": "divided attention",
"definition_text": "A state in which the focus of attention is spread across more than one object or event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25219
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a12d",
"name": "dream",
"definition_text": "a succession of thoughts, images, sounds or emotions which the mind experiences during sleep.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25220
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a145",
"name": "efficiency",
"definition_text": "effective operation as measured by a comparison of production with cost (as in energy, time, money, or cortical activity)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25221
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a151",
"name": "effort",
"definition_text": "Consciously or intentionally engaging resources in order to achieve a particular end.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25222
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a15c",
"name": "effortful processing",
"definition_text": "learning or storing (encoding) that requires attention and effort.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25223
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a168",
"name": "egocentric",
"definition_text": "A frame of reference centered around the self. In perception, a first-person frame of reference.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25224
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a173",
"name": "elaborative processing",
"definition_text": "Processing in which semantic associations or relations between words/concepts are generated or elaborated on.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25225
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a17f",
"name": "emotion",
"definition_text": "a complex of psychological phenomena that involve some degree of arousal and valence (positive/negative)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25226
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a18b",
"name": "emotional decision making",
"definition_text": "The use of affective information as information in a decision making process or as a basis for making a decision. Hot cognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25227
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a196",
"name": "emotional expression",
"definition_text": "observable verbal and nonverbal behavior that communicates emotion with or without self-awareness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25228
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1a2",
"name": "emotional intelligence",
"definition_text": "the capacity, skill or ability to identify, assess, and manage the emotions of one's self, of others, and of groups.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25229
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1ae",
"name": "emotional memory",
"definition_text": "Emotional memory is the storage and recall of events and details that are couple with the physiological response that was present when the event occurred. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25230
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1b9",
"name": "emotional mimicry",
"definition_text": "is the ability of a person to imitate, copy, and experience the physical and emotional characteristics of another persons emotion. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25231
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1d1",
"name": "emotional suppression",
"definition_text": "A process to reduce or inhibit the impact of an emotion on ones current conscious state or behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25232
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1e8",
"name": "episodic learning",
"definition_text": "a change in behavior that occurs as a result of an event; episodic learning is so named because events are recorded into episodic memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25233
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1f4",
"name": "episodic memory",
"definition_text": "memory of autobiographical events (times, places, associated emotions, and other contextual knowledge) that can be explicitly stated.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25234
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a20c",
"name": "error detection",
"definition_text": "Processes that identify when an error has been made.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25235
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a218",
"name": "error signal",
"definition_text": "An event following error detection, in which a sign is relayed notifying the advent of an error.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25236
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a223",
"name": "error trapping",
"definition_text": "procedures that detect and correct errors before the errors cause further confusion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25237
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a22f",
"name": "excitation",
"definition_text": "a state of increased emotional arousal",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25238
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a25e",
"name": "expertise",
"definition_text": "Having a highly cultivated level of skill in a particular domain. Occurs after prolonged experience in a domain.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25239
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a269",
"name": "explicit knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge that can be articulated or expressed intentionally.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25240
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a275",
"name": "explicit learning",
"definition_text": "Acquisition of skills and/or knowledge actively and with awareness. Typically such learning is accompanied by meta-awareness - individuals can explain how they acquired the skill/knowledge.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25241
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a281",
"name": "explicit memory",
"definition_text": "the conscious, intentional recollection of previous experiences and information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25242
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a28c",
"name": "extrinsic motivation",
"definition_text": "motivated by external factors, as opposed to the internal drivers of intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation drives one to do things for tangible rewards or pressures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25243
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a300",
"name": "face perception",
"definition_text": "The processes by which faces are identified as such.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25244
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a30c",
"name": "face recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of determining whether a face is the same as another face that has been previously encountered.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25245
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a318",
"name": "facial expression",
"definition_text": "Movements and positions of the facial muscles that can be used as a form of nonverbal communication, particularly in conveying emotional states.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25246
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a323",
"name": "false memory",
"definition_text": "a memory that refers to an event that did not actually occur",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25247
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a32f",
"name": "feature extraction",
"definition_text": "Processes by which relevant aspects of a data stream are separated from irrelevant aspects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25248
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a33b",
"name": "feedback processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluative or corrective information about an action, event, or process delivered to the original or controlling source, often with the intent of modifying future actions.",
"alias": "feedback",
"ID(c)": 25249
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a352",
"name": "filtering",
"definition_text": "a device or process that removes from a signal some unwanted component or feature.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25250
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a35e",
"name": "fixation",
"definition_text": "Maintaining gaze or attention on some object or event. (Experimental design) A trial period in which a participant is instructed to direct attention toward a visual stimulus (often a cross).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25251
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a36a",
"name": "fixed action patterns",
"definition_text": "an instinctive behavioral sequence that is indivisible and runs to completion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25252
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a375",
"name": "fluid intelligence",
"definition_text": "a factor of general intelligence originally identified by Raymond Cattell; Cattell defined fluid intelligence as "â¦the ability to perceive relationships independent of previous specific practice or instruction concerning those relationships." Fluid intelligence is the ability to think and reason abstractly and solve problems. This ability is considered independent of learning, experience, and education.",
"alias": "fluid reasoning",
"ID(c)": 25253
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a381",
"name": "focus",
"definition_text": "The center of attention or concentration. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25254
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a38d",
"name": "focused attention",
"definition_text": "the ability to respond discretely to specific visual, auditory or tactile stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25255
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a398",
"name": "form perception",
"definition_text": "the sensory discrimination of a pattern, shape or outline.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25256
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3a4",
"name": "functional fixedness",
"definition_text": "a cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25257
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3d2",
"name": "gaze",
"definition_text": "The act of fixating the eyes onto a location. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25258
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3ea",
"name": "generalization",
"definition_text": "The act of transferring knowledge learned from one event to a novel event that is similar in some respect.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25259
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3f6",
"name": "generic knowledge",
"definition_text": "Generic knowledge is knowledge that is applicable not just to a single entity but to a class of entities. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25260
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a402",
"name": "gestalt",
"definition_text": "a collection of physical, biological, psychological or symbolic entities that creates a unified concept, configuration or pattern which is greater than the sum of its parts (of a character, personality, or being).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25261
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a419",
"name": "goal",
"definition_text": "The desired end-point of behavior(s).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25262
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a425",
"name": "goal formation",
"definition_text": "The processes that create and maintain representations of goal states.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25263
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a431",
"name": "goal maintenance",
"definition_text": "The maintenance of information regarding task goals in working memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25264
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a43c",
"name": "goal management",
"definition_text": "consists of the process of recognizing or inferring goals, abandoning no longer relevant goals, identifying and resolving conflicts among goals, and prioritizing goals consistently for optimal success.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25265
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a448",
"name": "goal state",
"definition_text": "A point reached when goal directed behavior has successfully concluded. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25266
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a460",
"name": "gustatory learning",
"definition_text": "The formation of a knowledge representation that contains information about gustatory percepts.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25267
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a46b",
"name": "gustatory memory",
"definition_text": "the cognitive capacity of storing and retrieving information related to taste. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25268
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a477",
"name": "gustatory perception",
"definition_text": "The processes involved with representing gustatory sensations as such.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25269
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a483",
"name": "habit",
"definition_text": "An acquired pattern of behavior that often occurs automatically and is reliably triggered by some event or stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25270
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a48e",
"name": "habit learning",
"definition_text": "The process of acquiring a habit",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25271
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a49a",
"name": "habit memory",
"definition_text": "the memory representation of a learned habit, generally thought to be represented as a stimulus-response association",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25272
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4a6",
"name": "hallucination",
"definition_text": "in the broadest sense of the word, is a perception in the absence of a stimulus. In a stricter sense, hallucinations are defined as perceptions in a conscious and awake state in the absence of external stimuli which have qualities of real perception, in that they are vivid, substantial, and located in external objective space.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25273
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4b2",
"name": "hedonism",
"definition_text": "a school which argues that pleasure is the only intrinsic good, often used as a justification for evaluating actions in terms of how much pleasure and how little pain (i.e. suffering) they produce.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25274
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4be",
"name": "heuristic search",
"definition_text": "refers to experience-based techniques for problem solving, learning, and discovery. Heuristic methods are used to speed up the process of finding a good enough solution, where an exhaustive search is impractical. Examples of this method include using a "rule of thumb", an educated guess, an intuitive judgment, or common sense. In more precise terms, heuristics are strategies using readily accessible, though loosely applicable, information to control problem solving in human beings and machines",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25275
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4c9",
"name": "hill climbing",
"definition_text": "A fast but sometimes unreliable optimization method. When searching for the minimum/maximum value of a function a random step is taken; if the value improves it replaces the current value, then another random step is taken.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25276
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4e1",
"name": "humiliation",
"definition_text": "to reduce to a lower position in one's own eyes or others' eyes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25277
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4ed",
"name": "humor",
"definition_text": "the tendency of particular cognitive experiences to provoke laughter and provide amusement.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25278
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4f9",
"name": "iconic memory",
"definition_text": "very brief sensory memory of some visual stimuli, that occur in the form of mental pictures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25279
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a504",
"name": "imageability",
"definition_text": "is a property of a word or concept reflecting how easy or difficult it is to visually or acoustically imagine. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25280
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a510",
"name": "imagery",
"definition_text": "an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25281
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a51c",
"name": "implicit knowledge",
"definition_text": "knowledge that is kept in a personâs mind without necessarily being expressed in words and is often acted on instinctively.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25282
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a527",
"name": "implicit learning",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25283
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a533",
"name": "implicit memory",
"definition_text": "Type of memory in which experiences increases performance of task without one's conscious awareness of these previous experiences. This type of memory applies to habit learning, skills, conditioning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25284
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a53f",
"name": "imprinting",
"definition_text": "a rapid learning process that takes place early in the life of a social animal and establishes a behavior pattern (as recognition of and attraction to its own kind or a substitute).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25285
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a54b",
"name": "inattention",
"definition_text": "The failure to process an external stimulus (often refers to sensory stimuli).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25286
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a556",
"name": "incidental learning",
"definition_text": "Learning without explicit knowledge of doing so, but occurring through interaction with the environment (e.g., by observation/copying of behavior or response to reinforcement).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25287
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a562",
"name": "incubation",
"definition_text": "the process of thinking about a problem subconsciously while being involved in other activities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25288
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a56e",
"name": "indignation",
"definition_text": "anger aroused by something unjust, unworthy, or mean.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25289
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a579",
"name": "induction",
"definition_text": "reaching a conclusion from a set of premises that could, but do not necessarily, lead to it",
"alias": "inductive reasoning",
"ID(c)": 25290
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a590",
"name": "inductive reasoning",
"definition_text": "reasoning from a specific case or cases and deriving a general rule, drawing inferences from observations in order to make generalizations.\r\n",
"alias": "inductive inference",
"ID(c)": 25291
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a5ed",
"name": "inference",
"definition_text": "the act of passing from one proposition, statement, or judgment considered as true to another whose truth is believed to follow from that of the former; the act of passing from statistical sample data to generalizations (as of the value of population parameters) usually with calculated degrees of certainty.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25292
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a613",
"name": "inhibition",
"definition_text": "The process by which a response or thought is suppressed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25293
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a61f",
"name": "inhibition of return",
"definition_text": "the phenomenon in which the speed and accuracy with which an object is detected are first briefly enhanced (for perhaps 100-300 milliseconds) after the object is attended, and then detection speed and accuracy are impaired (for perhaps 500-3000 milliseconds).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25294
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a62b",
"name": "insight",
"definition_text": "In problem solving, the moment at which an underlying relation between cause and effect is discovered/identified.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25295
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a637",
"name": "instinct",
"definition_text": "a natural or inherent aptitude, impulse, or capacity; a largely inheritable and unalterable tendency of an organism to make a complex and specific response to environmental stimuli without involving reason, behavior that is mediated by reactions below the conscious level.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25296
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a642",
"name": "instrumental conditioning",
"definition_text": "a learning process in which the consequences of an action are used to modify aspects of that action thereafter; these aspects include form and frequency (including the likelihood of reoccurrence at all).",
"alias": "instrumental learning, operant conditioning",
"ID(c)": 25297
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a64e",
"name": "instrumental learning",
"definition_text": "learning based on reward; a form of learning that takes place as a direct consequence of a reward or pleasant outcome for the learner.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25298
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a65a",
"name": "integration",
"definition_text": "coordination of mental processes into a normal effective personality or with the individual's environment",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25299
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a666",
"name": "intelligence",
"definition_text": "the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations; the skilled use of reason; the ability to apply knowledge to manipulate one's environment or to think abstractly as measured by objective criteria",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25300
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a67d",
"name": "intention",
"definition_text": "an act or instance of determining mentally upon some action or result; meaning or significance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25301
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a689",
"name": "intentional forgetting",
"definition_text": "the purposeful forgetting of information that is no longer needed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25302
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a695",
"name": "intentional learning",
"definition_text": "learning that is motivated with intention and is usually goal directed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25303
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6a1",
"name": "intentionality",
"definition_text": "the state of having or being formed by an intention; (philosophy) the property of being about or directed toward a subject, as inherent in conscious states, beliefs, or creations of the mind, such as sentences or books. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25304
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6ad",
"name": "interference",
"definition_text": "the disturbing effect of new information on the other information with which it is inconsistent",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25305
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6b9",
"name": "intermediate-term memory",
"definition_text": "a specialized term referring for information about a current task.",
"alias": "ITM",
"ID(c)": 25306
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6c5",
"name": "internal speech",
"definition_text": "also known as inner voice, internal speech, or verbal stream of consciousness is thinking in words. It also refers to the semi-constant internal monologue one has with oneself at a conscious or semi-conscious level.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25307
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6d0",
"name": "interrogative",
"definition_text": "of, pertaining to, or conveying a question.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25308
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6dc",
"name": "intonation",
"definition_text": "the ability to play or sing notes in tune; manner of utterance, specifically the rise and fall in pitch of the voice in speech.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25309
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6e8",
"name": "intrinsic motivation",
"definition_text": "a highly desired form of incentive that stems from a person's internal desire for self-satisfaction or pleasure in performing the task itself.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25310
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6f4",
"name": "introspection",
"definition_text": "the self-observation and reporting of conscious inner thoughts, desires and sensations. It is a conscious mental and usually purposive process relying on thinking, reasoning, and examining one's own thoughts, feelings.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25311
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a700",
"name": "involuntary attention",
"definition_text": "results when the conscious mind changes focus to sudden changes in the environment (big sound, intensity of light, unique situation etc.). The person is not prepared for the attention and the attention is not under control of the individual. The persons attention is less concerned with motives, interests, and needs and the stimulus is usually more important than any functional factors.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25312
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a70b",
"name": "irony",
"definition_text": "a situation, literary technique, or rhetorical device, in which there is an incongruity or discordance that goes strikingly beyond the most simple and evident meaning of words or actions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25313
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a723",
"name": "judgment",
"definition_text": "the process of forming an opinion or evaluation by discerning and comparing",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25314
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a72e",
"name": "kinaesthetic representation",
"definition_text": "is a representation of sensory inputs from muscles, tendons, and joints (e.g.,the joint angles used to reach a point in space).\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "kinesthetic representation",
"ID(c)": 25315
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a73a",
"name": "kinesthesia",
"definition_text": "a sense mediated by receptors located in muscles, tendons, and joints and stimulated by bodily movements and tensions. ",
"alias": "kinaesthesia",
"ID(c)": 25316
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a746",
"name": "knowledge",
"definition_text": "information acquired and represented by a person through experience or education",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25317
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a769",
"name": "language",
"definition_text": "The mental ability to encode and decode information, and translate this information into verbal, acoustic and visual representations, according to a set of rules that are common across a population.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25318
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a775",
"name": "language comprehension",
"definition_text": "The ability to understand communication from others, such as speech, written text, gestures, or sign language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25319
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a781",
"name": "language learning",
"definition_text": "the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive, produce and use words to understand and communicate, this capacity involves the picking up of diverse capacities including syntax, phonetics, and an extensive vocabulary, the language might be vocal as with speech or manual as in sign.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25320
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a78d",
"name": "language production",
"definition_text": "is translating a concept or set of ideas into spoken, signed or written form",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25321
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7bb",
"name": "learning",
"definition_text": "The process of acquiring new skills/knowledge/information ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25322
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7c7",
"name": "lemma",
"definition_text": "an abstract form of a word before any phonological assignment, arising early in speech production",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25323
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7d4",
"name": "lexical encoding",
"definition_text": "converting vocabulary, words, or morphemes of a language into a code.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25324
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7e0",
"name": "lexical retrieval",
"definition_text": "retrieval of a lexical entry",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25325
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7ec",
"name": "lexicon",
"definition_text": "The vocabulary of a language, including its words and expressions.",
"alias": "vocabulary",
"ID(c)": 25326
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7f8",
"name": "linguistic competence",
"definition_text": "a speaker's implicit, internalized knowledge of the rules of their language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25327
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a803",
"name": "listening",
"definition_text": "to pay attention to sound; to hear something with thoughtful attention, give consideration; to be alert to catch an expected sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25328
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a80f",
"name": "logic",
"definition_text": "a science that deals with the principles and criteria of validity of inference and demonstration; the science of the formal principles of reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25329
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a81b",
"name": "logical reasoning",
"definition_text": "The strategy when one uses deduction, induction, or abduction to evaluate preconditions and rules to determnie a conclusion. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25330
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a833",
"name": "long-term memory",
"definition_text": "a system for permanently storing, managing, and retrieving information for later use, items of information stored as long-term memory may be available for a lifetime.",
"alias": "LTM",
"ID(c)": 25331
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a83f",
"name": "loss aversion",
"definition_text": "The tendency of individuals to be more sensitive to the possibility of losing objects or money than they are to the possibility of gaining the same objects or amounts of money.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25332
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a84a",
"name": "lying",
"definition_text": "the expression of a falsehood",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25333
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a862",
"name": "mathematical reasoning",
"definition_text": "Reasoning about mathematical objects",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25334
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a86e",
"name": "meaning",
"definition_text": "the connotation of a word or phrase",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25335
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a87a",
"name": "mechanical reasoning",
"definition_text": "Reasoning about mechanical objects or functions",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25336
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a886",
"name": "melody",
"definition_text": "a linear succession of musical tones which is perceived as a single entity.",
"alias": "tune",
"ID(c)": 25337
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a891",
"name": "memory",
"definition_text": "The ability of an organism to use past events to inform/influence current actions\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25338
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a8ed",
"name": "mental arithmetic",
"definition_text": "mathematical calculations done mentally, without writing them down.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25339
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a8fc",
"name": "mental imagery",
"definition_text": "is an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving (through any of the senses) of some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25340
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a908",
"name": "mental representation",
"definition_text": "a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25341
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a914",
"name": "mental rotation",
"definition_text": "Ability to rotate an object in one's mind; ability to make perceptual judgments on a new spatial configuration of an object.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25342
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a920",
"name": "metacognition",
"definition_text": "awareness or analysis of one's own learning or thinking processes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25343
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a92b",
"name": "metacognitive skill",
"definition_text": "a learners' automatic awareness of their own knowledge and their ability to understand, control, and manipulate their own cognitive processes.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25344
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a937",
"name": "metaphor",
"definition_text": "a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25345
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a943",
"name": "misattribution",
"definition_text": "attributing an event to something with which it has no connection or association.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25346
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a94f",
"name": "monitoring",
"definition_text": "the act of checking for particular kinds of information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25347
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a95a",
"name": "mood",
"definition_text": "a conscious state of mind or predominant emotion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25348
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a972",
"name": "motor control",
"definition_text": "The function of supervising motor activities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25349
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a995",
"name": "motor learning",
"definition_text": "the process of improving motor skills, the smoothness and accuracy of movements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25350
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9a1",
"name": "motor planning",
"definition_text": "the conception of a future motoric action\r\n",
"alias": "movement planning",
"ID(c)": 25351
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9ad",
"name": "motor program",
"definition_text": "abstract representation of a movement",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25352
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9b9",
"name": "motor sequence learning",
"definition_text": "The acquisition of knowledge regarding sequences of motor action",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25353
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9c4",
"name": "movement",
"definition_text": "change of place or position or posture",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25354
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9dc",
"name": "naming",
"definition_text": "the expression of the name of an object",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25355
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9e8",
"name": "narrative",
"definition_text": "a story that is created in a constructive format (as a work of writing, speech, poetry, prose, pictures, song, motion pictures, video games, theater or dance) that describes a sequence of fictional or non-fictional events.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25356
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa00",
"name": "navigation",
"definition_text": "The process of controlling the movement of a body/entity/vehicle through space from one point to another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25357
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa0c",
"name": "nociception",
"definition_text": "the processes of encoding and processing noxious stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25358
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa23",
"name": "nondeclarative knowledge",
"definition_text": "The nonconscious or implicit ability to express and practice learned information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25359
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa2f",
"name": "nondeclarative memory",
"definition_text": "Memory acquired through experience and which can not be consciously articulated (such as by recall or recognition). This type of memory includes priming, conditioning, skill-acquisition, and habits.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25360
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa47",
"name": "novelty detection",
"definition_text": "the identification of new or unknown information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25361
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa5e",
"name": "object categorization",
"definition_text": "the assignment of an object to a particular category",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25362
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa6a",
"name": "object centered representation",
"definition_text": "In an object-centered representation, the position of the subparts of an object are encoded with respect to a set of axes and an origin centered on the object. Several physiological and neuropsychological results support the existence of such representations in humans and monkeys. An explicit representation would involve neurons with invariant response properties in object-centered coordinates.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25363
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa76",
"name": "object detection",
"definition_text": "deals with detecting instances of semantic objects of a certain class (such as humans, buildings, cars, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25364
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa8d",
"name": "object manipulation",
"definition_text": "is a form of dexterity play or performance in which one or more artists physically interact with props such as balls, hoops, rings, poi, staff, devil sticks, or clubs. Object manipulation can be considered an advanced combinatorial form of sports, dance, and games.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25365
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aaa4",
"name": "object perception",
"definition_text": "The process of transforming basic visual sensory input (such as contrast, edge, motion, color etc) into a more abstract and semantically identifiable whole.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25366
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aab0",
"name": "object recognition",
"definition_text": "is the ability to perceive an objectâs physical properties (such as shape, colour and texture) and apply semantic attributes to the object, which includes the understanding of its use, previous experience with the object and how it relates to others.\r\n",
"alias": "object identification",
"ID(c)": 25367
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aabc",
"name": "olfaction",
"definition_text": "the sense of smell; the act or process of smelling.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25368
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aac8",
"name": "olfactory perception",
"definition_text": "the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25369
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aad4",
"name": "orthographic lexicon",
"definition_text": "A set of representations of orthographic information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25370
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab42",
"name": "parsing",
"definition_text": "to resolve (as a sentence) into component parts of speech and describe them grammatically",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25371
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab4d",
"name": "passive attention",
"definition_text": "refers to the involuntary process directed by external events that stand out from their environment, such as a bright flash, a strong odor, or a sudden loud noise.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25372
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab59",
"name": "past tense",
"definition_text": "refers to a form of a verb that indicates that the action already has occurred ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25373
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab65",
"name": "pattern recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying a meaningful pattern in raw data.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25374
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab70",
"name": "pavlovian conditioning",
"definition_text": "a form of learning in which a stimulus (designated the "conditional stimulus" or CS and being one without inherent significance) is paired with an unconditional stimulus or US, so named because it is biologically significant (e.g. food, sex, drug, pain), until the participant responds to the former in a way that conveys its association of the two. Importantly, participant response may be different between the US and its paired CS.",
"alias": "classical conditioning, respondent conditioning",
"ID(c)": 25375
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab7c",
"name": "perception",
"definition_text": "the conscious experience or mental registration of a sensory stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25376
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab88",
"name": "perceptual binding",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive ability to couple characteristics between items that one is perceiving. This can be illustrated by the one observing a blue square and a yellow circle. Through the neural mechanisms of perceptual binding, one can ensure that the sensing of blue is coupled to that of a square shape and that of yellow is coupled to that of a circle.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25377
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab93",
"name": "perceptual categorization",
"definition_text": "A selective system that can have no a priori information about the particular stimuli that might be encountered in its environment, other than boundary conditions implicit in the construction of its recognizing elements. Perceptual categorization, according to this view, does not involve the "reading in" of readily available information about the stimulus category; rather, it involves the utilization of multiple cues in degenerate, overlapping sets and under the influence of context. \r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25378
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab9f",
"name": "perceptual fluency",
"definition_text": "is the ease at which the brain can process information.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25379
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abaa",
"name": "perceptual identification",
"definition_text": "has two different processing stages. The first stage yields a state of of perceptual information about the stimulus presented. The second stage is the processing of attained perceptual information in a response. \r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25380
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abb6",
"name": "perceptual learning",
"definition_text": "long lasting improvement in performing perceptual (visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory or taste) tasks as a function of experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25381
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abc1",
"name": "perceptual similarity",
"definition_text": "Perceptual similarity is the subjective similarity between two stimuli as perceived by the observer. Thus, object A may be rated as more similar to object B than to object C despite a greater difference in some physical metric (such as height or width) between objects A and C than between objects A and B. This may differ across modalities: for example, two objects may be rated as more similar when seen than when touched. However, the physical, objective similarity between the two objects remains the same regardless of which modality is used to explore them.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25382
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abcd",
"name": "perceptual skill",
"definition_text": "The ability to observe and understand the events surrounding an individual.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25383
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac30",
"name": "performance monitoring",
"definition_text": "the online evaluation of one's performance on a task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25384
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac4a",
"name": "phonation",
"definition_text": "process by which the vocal folds produce certain sounds through quasi-periodic vibration; any oscillatory state of any part of the larynx that modifies the airstream.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25385
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac61",
"name": "phonological buffer",
"definition_text": "a passive storage device that is part of the articulatory rehearsal loop; serves as a part of the mechanisms ordinarily needed for hearing. In rehearsal, the buffer is loaded by means of subvocalization.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25386
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac7a",
"name": "phonological code",
"definition_text": "A representation of information using phonological features",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25387
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac87",
"name": "phonological encoding",
"definition_text": "involves retrieval of segmental and supra-segmental information and the generation of a syllabified phonological word, and the computation of the phonetic form of the intended utterance, referred to as phonetic encoding.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25388
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac93",
"name": "phonological retrieval",
"definition_text": "The retrieval of phonological representations based on other cues",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25389
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac9e",
"name": "phonological working memory",
"definition_text": "The process of maintaining sound information online for a limited amount of time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25390
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0acc1",
"name": "planning",
"definition_text": "formulation, evaluation and selection of a sequence of actions to achieve a desired goal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25391
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad12",
"name": "pragmatic inference",
"definition_text": "Inferences are made when a person (or machine) goes beyond available evidence to form a conclusion. A pragmatic inference (also known as an inductive inference) is one which is likely to be true because of the state of the world. Unlike deductive inferences, pragmatic (inductive) inferences do yield conclusions that increase the semantic information over and above that found in the initial premises. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25392
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad1d",
"name": "pragmatic knowledge",
"definition_text": "is how individuals communicate meaning and how they produce contextually appropriate utterances, sentences, or texts. Pragmatic knowledge includes sociolinguistic and functional knowledge. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25393
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad29",
"name": "pragmatic reasoning",
"definition_text": "Pragmatic reasoning is defined as the process of finding the intended meaning(s) of the given, and it is suggested that this amounts to the process of inferring the appropriate context(s) in which to interpret the given.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25394
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad41",
"name": "preattentive processing",
"definition_text": "background activity that necessarily precedes conscious mental activity; major purpose is the preparation of sensory input for use in focal-attentive processes including encoding of the basic properties of sensory input.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25395
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad4c",
"name": "preconscious perception",
"definition_text": "is the subthreshold process of visual perception. \r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25396
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad64",
"name": "prejudice",
"definition_text": "preconceived judgment or opinion; an adverse opinion or leaning formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge; an irrational attitude of hostility directed against an individual, a group, a race, or their supposed characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25397
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad94",
"name": "primary memory",
"definition_text": "the temporary maintenance system for conscious processing of information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25398
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adab",
"name": "proactive interference",
"definition_text": "the forgetting of information due to interference from the traces of events or learning that occurred prior to the materials to be remembered; occurs when in any given context, past memories inhibit an individualâs full potential to retain new memories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25399
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adb7",
"name": "problem solving",
"definition_text": "Broadly, the mental processes involved in finding a solution to a problem.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25400
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adc3",
"name": "procedural knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge exercised in the performance of a task/activity. Its acquisition or structure is often unavailable to the actor.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25401
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adcf",
"name": "procedural learning",
"definition_text": "The acquisition of a skill or ability through practice which is not accessible to verbalization or conscious awareness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25402
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0addc",
"name": "procedural memory",
"definition_text": "memory for how to do things; procedural memories are automatically retrieved and utilized for the execution of the step-by-step procedures involved in both cognitive and motor skills.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25403
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ade8",
"name": "procedural rule",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25404
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adf4",
"name": "processing capacity",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25405
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae00",
"name": "processing stage",
"definition_text": "A subset of mental operations that are confined some feature space of information within a stream and/or hierarchy of mental operations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25406
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae17",
"name": "pronunciation",
"definition_text": "the way a word or a language is spoken, or the manner in which someone utters a word.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25407
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae2b",
"name": "proper noun",
"definition_text": "A subject that usually indicates a particular person, place, or object.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25408
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae3d",
"name": "proprioception",
"definition_text": "the sense of the relative position of neighboring parts of the body.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25409
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae58",
"name": "prosodic stress",
"definition_text": "the stress and intonation patterns of an utterance. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25410
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae64",
"name": "prosody",
"definition_text": "the rhythm, stress, and intonation of speech.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25411
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae70",
"name": "prospective memory",
"definition_text": "remembering to perform an intended action...prospective memory is self-initiated and does not operate directly on external stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25412
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae7b",
"name": "prospective planning",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25413
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae87",
"name": "prototype",
"definition_text": "A most common, standard or basic mental representation of some category.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25414
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aeaa",
"name": "quantitative skill",
"definition_text": "the ability to to use mathematical concepts to solve problems. \r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25415
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aeb6",
"name": "reading",
"definition_text": "Decoding symbols to derive their meaning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25416
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aec1",
"name": "reasoning",
"definition_text": "drawing of inferences or conclusions through the use of reason.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25417
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aecd",
"name": "regret",
"definition_text": "an emotional response to remembrance of a past state, condition, or experience that one wishes had been different",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25418
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aed8",
"name": "relational learning",
"definition_text": "learning to differentiate among stimuli on the basis of relational properties (e.g., the larger of two stimuli) rather than absolute properties (e.g., the stimulus that has a given size).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25419
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aee4",
"name": "remote memory",
"definition_text": "memory for events of long ago as opposed to recent events.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25420
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aeef",
"name": "repressed memory",
"definition_text": "A memory (often traumatic) that is unavailable for recall.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25421
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af4c",
"name": "resource limit",
"definition_text": "the maximum amount of cognitive resources that can be allocated to various, often competing tasks",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25422
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af5a",
"name": "resource sharing",
"definition_text": "is a unique characteristic of humans and several primates that involve sharing resources such as food, shelter, etc., as a collective risk-reduction against variability in resource supply.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25423
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af66",
"name": "response inhibition",
"definition_text": "Suppression of actions that are inappropriate in a given context and that interfere with goal-driven behavior.",
"alias": "motor inhibition",
"ID(c)": 25424
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af71",
"name": "response selection",
"definition_text": "The selection of one action from a limited set of possible actions.",
"alias": "action selection, motor execution",
"ID(c)": 25425
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af7d",
"name": "retention",
"definition_text": "a preservation of the aftereffects of experience and learning that makes recall or recognition possible.\r\nPersistence of learned behavior or experience during a period when it is not being performed o r practiced.\r\nRetention is the second stage of memory after encoding and before retrival",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25426
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af94",
"name": "retrieval",
"definition_text": "The process of accessing information from memory or other storage devices; the possibility of recovery, restoration, or rectification.\r\nRetrieval is the third stage of memory after encoding and retention.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25427
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afa0",
"name": "retrieval cue",
"definition_text": "An event or experience that facilitates retrieval of information from long-term memory because of its association to that information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25428
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afab",
"name": "retroactive interference",
"definition_text": "impeded retrieval and performance of previously learnt information due to newly acquired and practiced information.",
"alias": "retroactive inhibition",
"ID(c)": 25429
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afc3",
"name": "rhythm",
"definition_text": "Movement marked by the regulated succession of strong and weak elements, or of opposite or different conditions. While rhythm most commonly applies to sound, such as music and spoken language, it may also refer to visual presentation, as timed movement through space.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25430
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afcf",
"name": "risk",
"definition_text": "Formally and mathematically speaking, the minimal definition of risk is what (Rothschild and Stiglitz, 1970) call a mean-preserving increase in dispersion. A typical example is a gamble offering $400 or $600 based on the outcome of a coin flip (i.e. with equal probability (50%)); this is less risky as compared to a similar gamble offering $200 or $800 [again depending on the outcome of a coin flip]. Notice here that the mean outcome (or âexpected valueâ) remains the same for both gambles.\r\n\r\nThus risk can increase by keeping both the probabilities and the expected value the same. \r\n\r\nThere are other approaches to risk that are less mathematically stringent but have higher ecological validity. For instance increasing the probability of a (positive outcome) is associated with a reduced perception of risk. Notice though now that the expected value (or the mean outcome) also increases. So, it is difficult in that case to disentangle the two metrics.\r\n\r\nMany times the term risk is associated with the probability of a negative outcome, or what is formally called downside risk. This idea is mostly due to the way actuarial science and insurance companies (which are more interested in the negative aspects of risk) use the term. For instance, the statement, ânow we increase the risk,â might be translated as taking more perilous actions, but formally, this is not the case. The point of risk is that the opportunity also increases (âupsideâ risk). Thus, a situation that is riskier can be attractive, especially if the agent focuses on the positive outcomes.\r\n\r\nAnother approach is the so-called âmoment-basedâ approach. Here, one is interested in the second or higher moments of a distribution, roughly corresponding to variance, skewness and kurtosis. Skewness is of particular interest because it seems that risk-seeking persons (gamblers) can be attracted by positively skewed outcomes. Bets that offer a small probability of a high outcome are attractive to gamblers (Garrett and Sobel, 1999).\r\n\r\nOverall, risk is not a unitary concept and should be very carefully defined.\r\n\r\nNote that the term risk as used here should be distinguished from the way the term is used in sentences such as "risk of developing Parkinson's disease". An epidemiologist could help on the definition in that context.\r\n\r\nInput by other contributors:\r\nthe probability or likelihood that an event will occur; possibility of loss or injury; someone or something that creates or suggests a hazard; the chance that an investment will lose value.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25431
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afda",
"name": "route knowledge",
"definition_text": "is represented as a series of directions to follow to get from one place to another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25432
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afe6",
"name": "routine",
"definition_text": "a regular course of procedure; habitual or mechanical performance of an established procedure; a reiterated speech or formula; a sequence of computer instructions for performing a particular task.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25433
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aff2",
"name": "rule",
"definition_text": "a method for performing a psychological operation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25434
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0affd",
"name": "rule learning",
"definition_text": "process in which a participant gradually acquires knowledge about a fixed but unstated standard that defines, for example, the acceptability of a response or membership of category",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25435
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b014",
"name": "sadness",
"definition_text": "an emotion characterized by feelings of unhappiness, disadvantage, loss, and helplessness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25436
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b020",
"name": "salience",
"definition_text": "a parameter of a stimulus that indexes its effectiveness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25437
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b02c",
"name": "schema",
"definition_text": "a structured representation that includes a particular organized way of perceiving and responding to a complex situation or set of stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25438
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b037",
"name": "search",
"definition_text": "to look into or over carefully or thoroughly in an effort to find or discover something; to look through or explore by inspecting possible places of concealment or investigating suspicious circumstances; to look at as if to discover or penetrate intention or nature; to uncover, find, or come to know by inquiry or scrutiny.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25439
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b043",
"name": "selective attention",
"definition_text": "When multiple external sensory inputs are present, the process of dedicating cognitive and perceptual resources to one type/set of input and attenuating receptiveness to other inputs.",
"alias": "controlled attention, directed attention",
"ID(c)": 25440
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b05e",
"name": "self monitoring",
"definition_text": "monitoring of one's own behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25441
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b06b",
"name": "semantic category",
"definition_text": "is a grouping of vocabulary within a language, organizing words which are interrelated and define each other in various ways. Also referred to as a semantic field.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25442
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b077",
"name": "semantic knowledge",
"definition_text": "long-established knowledge about objects, facts, and word meanings.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25443
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b083",
"name": "semantic memory",
"definition_text": "refers to one's conceptual knowledge and includes the meanings of words, factual information about the world, and other information not related to specific events or episodes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25444
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b08f",
"name": "semantic working memory",
"definition_text": "Working memory for meaning",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25445
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b09a",
"name": "sensory memory",
"definition_text": "brief storage of sensory information in each of the senses, which temporarily holds material (e.g., a perceptual experience) for recoding into another memory (such as short-term memory) or for comprehension.",
"alias": "sensory-information store; sensory register",
"ID(c)": 25446
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0a6",
"name": "sequence learning",
"definition_text": "learning of a sequence of items or responses in the precise order of their presentation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25447
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0b1",
"name": "serial learning",
"definition_text": "The process of acquiring information in sequence and following an order that must be preserved at recall.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25448
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0bd",
"name": "serial processing",
"definition_text": "information processing in which only one sequence of processing operations is carried on at a time.",
"alias": "intermittent processing, sequential processing",
"ID(c)": 25449
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0c8",
"name": "serial search",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying a target within a set of candidate elements by testing the identity of each element against the identity of the sought after target one at a time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25450
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0df",
"name": "shallow processing",
"definition_text": "a mode of thinking in which one pays attention only to appearances and other superficial aspects of the material, typically leading to poor memory retention.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25451
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0eb",
"name": "shame",
"definition_text": "a painful emotion caused by consciousness of guilt, shortcoming, or impropriety; a condition of humiliating disgrace or disrepute; something that brings censure or reproach.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25452
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0f7",
"name": "short-term memory",
"definition_text": "A limited-capacity and short-lasting representation of information in the mind. The duration of short-term memory is on the order of seconds, while its capacity is on the order of 4 to 9 independent items.",
"alias": "STM",
"ID(c)": 25453
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b10e",
"name": "skepticism",
"definition_text": "an attitude of doubt or a disposition to incredulity either in general or toward a particular object.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25454
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b11a",
"name": "skill",
"definition_text": " Proficiency, facility, or dexterity that is acquired or developed through training or experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25455
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b125",
"name": "skill acquisition",
"definition_text": "The process of learning to perform a task or set of tasks with increasing facility. Typically implies the formation of procedural (as distinct from semantic or episodic) memories.",
"alias": "skill learning",
"ID(c)": 25456
},
{
"id": "trm_4fb3f4d58aeb0",
"name": "Gestalt grouping",
"definition_text": "the ways in which elements are perceived to be grouped together, most often described for auditory and visual perception, but may also be a factor for other modalities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25457
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b13d",
"name": "social cognition",
"definition_text": "the encoding, storage, retrieval, and processing, in the brain, of information relating to conspecifics, or members of the same species.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25458
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b148",
"name": "social context",
"definition_text": "the identical or similar social positions and social roles as a whole that influence the individuals of a group.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25459
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b154",
"name": "social intelligence",
"definition_text": "the ability to function successfully in interpersonal situations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25460
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b160",
"name": "somatosensation",
"definition_text": "the components of the central and peripheral nervous systems that receive and interpret sensory information from organs in the joints, ligaments, muscles, and skin. This system processes information about the length, degree of stretch, tension, and contraction of muscles; pain; temperature; pressure; and joint position.",
"alias": "somatosensory perception",
"ID(c)": 25461
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b18f",
"name": "source memory",
"definition_text": "the episodic source from which a specific item was acquired (e.g., from a person, a book, or television (Schacter, Kaszniak, Kihlstrom, & Valdiserri, 1991, p. 559).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25462
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b19b",
"name": "source monitoring",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying the the source or context at acquisition of information that has been stored in memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25463
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1a6",
"name": "spatial ability",
"definition_text": "skill in perceiving the visual world, transforming and modifying initial perceptions, and mentally recreating spatial aspects of one's visual experience without the relevant stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25464
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1b2",
"name": "spatial attention",
"definition_text": "The allocation or prioritization of mental resources based on spatial coordinates (with respect to the body, head etc).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25465
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1bd",
"name": "spatial cognition",
"definition_text": "the acquisition, organization, utilization, and revision of knowledge about spatial environments.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25466
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1d5",
"name": "spatial memory",
"definition_text": "the part of memory responsible for recording information about one's environment and its spatial orientation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25467
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1e0",
"name": "spatial working memory",
"definition_text": "The ability to maintain online information that relates to space. This process has limited capacity and its contents are not stored permanently.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25468
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1f7",
"name": "speech perception",
"definition_text": "the process by which the sounds of language are heard, interpreted and understood. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25469
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b238",
"name": "speech processing",
"definition_text": "the processing of speech signals",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25470
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b247",
"name": "speech production",
"definition_text": "is the process by which spoken words are selected to be produced, have their phonetics formulated and then finally are articulated by the motor system in the vocal apparatus. Speech production can be spontaneous such as when a person creates the words of a conversation, reaction such as when they name a picture or read aloud a written word, or a vocal imitation such as in speech repetition. Speech production is not the same as language production since language can also be produced manually by signs.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25471
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b26d",
"name": "spreading activation",
"definition_text": "a method for searching associative networks, neural networks, or semantic networks; the search process is initiated by labeling a set of source nodes (e.g. concepts in a semantic network) with weights or "activation" and then iteratively propagating or "spreading" that activation out to other nodes linked to the source nodes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25472
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b279",
"name": "stereopsis",
"definition_text": "the process in visual perception leading to the sensation of depth from the two slightly different projections of the world onto the retinas of the two eyes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25473
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b285",
"name": "stereotypes",
"definition_text": "something conforming to a fixed or general pattern; a standardized mental picture that is held in common by members of a group and that represents an oversimplified opinion, prejudiced attitude, or uncritical judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25474
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b29c",
"name": "strategy",
"definition_text": "A plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25475
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2a8",
"name": "stress",
"definition_text": "refers to the consequence of the failure of an organism â human or animal â to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats, whether actual or imagined.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25476
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2b4",
"name": "sublexical route",
"definition_text": "is a theoretical component of Coltheart's dual-route reading model that refers to using spelling-to-sound correspondences to convert a written word (i.e. orthography) into a spoken word (i.e. phonology). In other words, it is the route by which letters are linked to their sounds and the sounds are assembled into a whole word pronunciation. It complements the lexical route where the whole word is recognized and linked to its sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25477
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2bf",
"name": "subliminal perception",
"definition_text": "a visual or auditory message that is allegedly perceived psychologically, but not consciously;\r\noccurs when a stimulus is too weak to be perceived yet a person is influenced by it.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25478
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2fa",
"name": "supervisory attentional system",
"definition_text": "a loosely defined collection of brain processes that are responsible for planning, cognitive flexibility, abstract thinking, rule acquisition, initiating appropriate actions and inhibiting inappropriate actions, and selecting relevant sensory information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25479
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b306",
"name": "surprise",
"definition_text": "a brief emotional state that is the result of experiencing an unexpected relevant event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25480
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b311",
"name": "sustained attention",
"definition_text": "the ability to maintain a consistent behavioral response during continuous and repetitive activity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25481
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b340",
"name": "syntactic parsing",
"definition_text": "the way that human beings, rather than computers, analyze a sentence or phrase (in spoken language or text) in terms of grammatical constituents, identifying the parts of speech, syntactic relations, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25482
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b34b",
"name": "syntactic processing",
"definition_text": "processing of the structural and grammatical aspects of language",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25483
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b357",
"name": "syntax",
"definition_text": "the processing of elements (e.g. linguistic elements, like words) that are grouped to form constituents in a connected or orderly manner (e.g. phrases or clauses), implying an harmonious arrangement of such elements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25484
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b363",
"name": "taste aversion",
"definition_text": "occurs when the taste of a certain food is associated with symptoms caused by a toxic, spoiled, or poisonous substance; generally caused after ingestion of the food causes nausea, sickness, or vomiting. The ability to develop a taste aversion is considered an adaptive trait or survival mechanism that trains the body to avoid poisonous substances (e.g., poisonous berries) before they can cause harm.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25485
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b37a",
"name": "text comprehension",
"definition_text": "Intentional thinking during which meaning is constructed through interactions between text and reader.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25486
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b386",
"name": "text processing",
"definition_text": "The handling of alphabetic characters",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25487
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b392",
"name": "theory of mind",
"definition_text": "the ability for a person to connect emotional states to themselves and others and understand that other people may have different beliefs, desires, or intentions from one's self. It is intimately connected with the development of a person's ability to analyze and interpret the intentions of others.",
"alias": "mentalizing",
"ID(c)": 25488
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b39d",
"name": "thermosensation",
"definition_text": "the sensory perception of thermal stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25489
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3cb",
"name": "top down processing",
"definition_text": "perceptions formed by starting with the larger concept or idea, then working down to the finer details of that concept or idea.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25490
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3ef",
"name": "traumatic memory",
"definition_text": "A type of memory results from trauma experience, such as a natural disaster or violent events.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25491
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3fa",
"name": "uncertainty",
"definition_text": "the lack of knowledge regarding the likelihood of potential outcomes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25492
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b406",
"name": "unconscious process",
"definition_text": "a mental process that you are not directly aware of.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25493
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b412",
"name": "utility",
"definition_text": "a measure of the subjective worth of an outcome.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25494
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b429",
"name": "valence",
"definition_text": "the degree of attractiveness an individual, activity, or thing possesses as a behavioral goal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25495
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b44c",
"name": "verbal fluency",
"definition_text": "the ability to rapidly access your mental vocabulary while talking or writing.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25496
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b457",
"name": "verbal memory",
"definition_text": "Recall based on spoken words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25497
},
{
"id": "trm_4fb2c38960950",
"name": "optical illusion",
"definition_text": "A phenomenon in which what is visually perceived does not reflect the nature of the objective stimulus.",
"alias": "visual illusion",
"ID(c)": 25498
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b46f",
"name": "visual attention",
"definition_text": "two-stage process in which attention is distributed uniformly over the external visual scene and processing of information is performed in parallel, attention is then concentrated to a specific area of the visual scene (i.e. it is focused), and processing is performed in a serial fashion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25499
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b47b",
"name": "visual buffer",
"definition_text": "a short-term memory store for visual information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25500
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b487",
"name": "visual imagery",
"definition_text": "an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25501
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b492",
"name": "visual masking",
"definition_text": "the reduction or elimination of the visibility of a brief a target stimulus by the presentation of a second stimulus (the mask) contiguous in space and/or time",
"alias": "masking",
"ID(c)": 25502
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b49e",
"name": "visual memory",
"definition_text": "a part of memory preserving some characteristics of our senses pertaining to visual experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25503
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4a9",
"name": "visual object recognition",
"definition_text": "is the process of identifying an object based on its visual attributes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25504
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4b5",
"name": "visual perception",
"definition_text": "Visual perception is the ability to interpret the surrounding environment by processing information that is contained in visible light. The resulting perception is also known as eyesight, sight, or vision.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25505
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4c1",
"name": "visual representation",
"definition_text": "An internal representation of visual information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25506
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4cd",
"name": "visual search",
"definition_text": "orienting for targets in an array or a natural scene, through both covert and overt shifts in attention; this is different from the visual search task in that it refers to a general phenomenon and not to a paradigm.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25507
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4d8",
"name": "visual working memory",
"definition_text": "The ability to maintain visual information online for a limited time interval (~ 4 sec). This information is not stored permanently.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25508
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b507",
"name": "visuospatial sketch pad",
"definition_text": "The cognitive construct and mental process of temporarily storing visual and spatial information for online use in operations of working memory (c.f., Alan Baddeley) . ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25509
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b530",
"name": "wisdom",
"definition_text": "accumulated philosophic or scientific learning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25510
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b548",
"name": "word comprehension",
"definition_text": "the ability to understand the meaning of words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25511
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b55f",
"name": "word generation",
"definition_text": "The cognitive process of producing words on ones own term instead of extracting them from an outside source. ",
"alias": "word production",
"ID(c)": 25512
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b56b",
"name": "word order",
"definition_text": "is the sequence of the syntactic constituents of a language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25513
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b583",
"name": "word pronunciation",
"definition_text": "is the act or result of producing the sounds of speech, including articulation, stress, and intonation, often with reference to some standard of correctness or acceptability.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25514
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b58f",
"name": "word recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability of a reader to recognize words correctly and virtually effortlessly.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25515
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b59b",
"name": "word repetition",
"definition_text": "Overt pronounciation of auditorily presented words",
"alias": "overt repetition",
"ID(c)": 25516
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5a7",
"name": "working memory",
"definition_text": "active maintenance and flexible updating of goal/task relevant information (items, goals, strategies, etc.) in a form that resists interference but has limited capacity. These representations may involve flexible binding of representations, may be characterized by the absence of external support for the internally maintained representations, and are frequently temporary due to ongoing interference\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25517
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5c0",
"name": "action initiation",
"definition_text": "the facilitation or initiation of an act",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25518
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5d7",
"name": "attention shift",
"definition_text": "The change that occurs when information that is currently active in the mind is replaced by other information. The information content is typically sensory in nature.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25519
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5e3",
"name": "attention span",
"definition_text": "Amount of time or space that an individual can dedicate to particular task or content without becoming distracted.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25520
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5ef",
"name": "attentional focusing",
"definition_text": "The ability to focus attention on cues in the environment that are relevant to the task in hand; can also include suppression of distracting stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25521
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5fb",
"name": "attention shifting",
"definition_text": "The process by which information that is currently relevant in the mind is replaced by other information. This information is typically sensory in nature but may also be semantic.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25522
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b607",
"name": "set shifting",
"definition_text": "disengagement of an irrelevant task set and subsequent engagement of a relevant task set despite interference and/or priming",
"alias": "mental set shifting, task set reconfiguration",
"ID(c)": 25523
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b613",
"name": "task switching",
"definition_text": "The process of switching from one task or goal to another, depending on the context or instructions, that is, the process of switching between task sets.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25524
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b61f",
"name": "decision",
"definition_text": "The outcome of a process during which a choice is made, usually between several possible options",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25525
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b636",
"name": "framing",
"definition_text": "Framing is a method of biasing opinions- a framing effect occurs when the description of information, such as a speaker presenting an issue, has an emphasis on a subset of potentially <br />\r\nrelevant considerations and causes individuals to focus on these considerations when constructing their opinions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25526
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b642",
"name": "risk aversion",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25527
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b64e",
"name": "risk seeking",
"definition_text": "The willingness of an individual to choose an option with a less-than-certain probability of reward over an option with a certain reward of equal or higher expected value. \r\n\r\nBEHAVIORAL PHENOMENA",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25528
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b65a",
"name": "emotion perception",
"definition_text": "The process involving understanding feelings with different valences of oneself or of others",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25529
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b665",
"name": "emotion recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of assigning an emotion to one of the discrete categories of emotion available in a particular culture.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25530
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b671",
"name": "emotional bonding",
"definition_text": "A process of bringing people together based on mutually shared emotions.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25531
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b67d",
"name": "empathy",
"definition_text": "The act of understanding, being aware of, being sensitive to, and or experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of another. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25532
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b689",
"name": "fear",
"definition_text": "A state of high negative emotional arousal triggered by an impending threat (real or imaginary) and generally associated with the flight or fight response. Fear is the activation of the brainâs defensive motivational system to promote behaviors that protect the organism from perceived danger. Normal fear involves a pattern of adaptive responses to conditioned or unconditioned threat stimuli (exteroceptive or interoceptive). Fear can involve internal representations and cognitive processing, and can be modulated by a variety of factors.",
"alias": "acute threat",
"ID(c)": 25533
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b695",
"name": "frustration",
"definition_text": "a deep chronic sense or state of insecurity and dissatisfaction arising from unresolved problems or unfulfilled needs.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25534
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6a1",
"name": "grief",
"definition_text": "deep and poignant distress caused by or as if by bereavement.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25535
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6ad",
"name": "happiness",
"definition_text": "a state of mind or feeling characterized by contentment, love, satisfaction, pleasure, or joy.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25536
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6c5",
"name": "discourse",
"definition_text": "the capacity of orderly thought or procedure, verbal interchange of ideas; formal and orderly and usually extended expression of thought on a subject, connected speech or writing, linguistic unit larger than a sentence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25537
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6d1",
"name": "discourse comprehension",
"definition_text": "Discourse comprehension is the act of interpreting a written or spoken message by integrating the incoming information into the memory or knowledge structures of the interpreter.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25538
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6dd",
"name": "discourse knowledge",
"definition_text": "knowledge regarding discourse\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25539
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6e9",
"name": "discourse planning",
"definition_text": "the formulation of structures, patterns, mental representations, and processes that constitute the written and spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25540
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6f5",
"name": "discourse processing",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive process that investigates the structures, patterns, mental representations, and processes that underlie the written and spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25541
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b701",
"name": "discourse production",
"definition_text": "the formation of a spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25542
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b756",
"name": "grammatical encoding",
"definition_text": "the selection of semantically appropriate lexical items and the generation of a syntactic frame or surface form.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25543
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b76e",
"name": "grapheme",
"definition_text": "a unit (as a letter or digraph) of a writing system; the set of units of a writing system (as letters and letter combinations) that represent a phoneme.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25544
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b779",
"name": "graphemic buffer",
"definition_text": "a component dedicated to the temporary storage of abstract orthographic representations prior to their format-specific expression in spelling and/or reading.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25545
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b7b5",
"name": "illocutionary force",
"definition_text": "a speaker's intention in delivering an utterance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25546
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b7f4",
"name": "language acquisition",
"definition_text": "the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive, produce and use words to understand and communicate.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25547
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b802",
"name": "language processing",
"definition_text": "the way human beings process speech or writing and understand it as language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25548
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b80f",
"name": "lexical access",
"definition_text": "the process by which contact is made with the lexicon on the basis of an initial acoustic-phonetic or phonological representation of some portion of the speech input, the result of lexical success is a cohort of potential word candidates which are compatible with this initial analysis.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25549
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b81b",
"name": "lexical ambiguity",
"definition_text": "the presence of two or more possible meanings within a single word.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25550
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b826",
"name": "lexical processing",
"definition_text": "A general term referring to the processing of single words, typically in the context of visual or auditory word recognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25551
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b832",
"name": "morphological processing",
"definition_text": "is how the brain registers the patterns of word formation in a particular language, including inflection, derivation, and composition. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25552
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b83e",
"name": "morphology",
"definition_text": "the structure and content of word forms",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25553
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b84a",
"name": "orthography",
"definition_text": "the representation of the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols; a part of language study that deals with letters and spelling.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25554
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b862",
"name": "phonetics",
"definition_text": "the system of speech sounds of a language or group of languages; the study and systematic classification of the sounds made in spoken utterance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25555
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b87a",
"name": "semantic processing",
"definition_text": "the cognitive processing of extracting meaning from any form of language (e.g. human language, programming language) as well as formal logics and semiotics",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25556
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b892",
"name": "sentence comprehension",
"definition_text": "takes place whenever a reader or listener processes a language utterance, either in isolation or in the context of a conversation or a text.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25557
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b89e",
"name": "sentence processing",
"definition_text": "takes place whenever a reader or listener cognitively processes a language utterance, either in isolation or in the context of a conversation or a text.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25558
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8aa",
"name": "sentence production",
"definition_text": "The creation and/or utterance of a sentence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25559
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8b5",
"name": "active recall",
"definition_text": "a principle of efficient learning, which claims the need to actively stimulate memory during the learning process.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25560
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8c1",
"name": "active retrieval",
"definition_text": "Effortful (volitional) attempt to consciously recollect a memory; often required when retrieval cannot be automatically driven by stimuli.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25561
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8cd",
"name": "consolidation",
"definition_text": "the process by which a representation becomes stabilized",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25562
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8d9",
"name": "elaborative rehearsal",
"definition_text": "a type of rehearsal proposed by Craik and Lockhart (1972) in their Levels of Processing model of memory. Elaborative rehearsal involves deep semantic processing of a to-be-remembered item resulting in the production of durable memories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25563
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8e5",
"name": "encoding",
"definition_text": "The process of creating a new memory trace.",
"alias": "memory encoding",
"ID(c)": 25564
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8f0",
"name": "episodic buffer",
"definition_text": "A theoretical construct that is part of Alan Baddeley's working memory model and the object of which is to integrate information across sensory domains and communicate with long term memory in the service of working memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25565
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8fc",
"name": "familiarity",
"definition_text": "A quality of memory that is associated with a feeling of knowing that an event has previously occurred, but often not including enough contextual or episodic details sufficient for claiming actual remembering of the event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25566
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b908",
"name": "forgetting",
"definition_text": "The loss of or inability to retrieve a memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25567
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b914",
"name": "memory acquisition",
"definition_text": "is the process of storage and retrieval of new information in memory.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25568
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b920",
"name": "memory consolidation",
"definition_text": "a category of processes that stabilize a memory trace after the initial acquisition. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25569
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b92c",
"name": "memory decay",
"definition_text": "the loss of memory over time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25570
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b938",
"name": "memory storage",
"definition_text": "The representation of information in the brain in a form that enables potential retrieval at a later time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25571
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b943",
"name": "memory trace",
"definition_text": "A residual, and often decayed, neural representation of previous knowledge or experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25572
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b94f",
"name": "metamemory",
"definition_text": "subjective awareness of and knowledge about memory, and strategies for its effective access and application; includes: awareness of memory contents, different and appropriate memory strategies for particular tasks, and how to use a given memory strategy most effectively.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25573
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b95b",
"name": "recall",
"definition_text": "The process of retrieving previously stored information, done without the aid of external cues.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25574
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b967",
"name": "recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25575
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b972",
"name": "reconsolidation",
"definition_text": "the process of previously consolidated memories being recalled and actively consolidated, it is a distinct process that serves to maintain, strengthen and modify memories that are already stored in the long-term memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25576
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b98a",
"name": "acuity",
"definition_text": "accuracy of perception. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25577
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b996",
"name": "echolocation",
"definition_text": "the general method of locating objects by determining the time for an echo to return and the direction from which it returns, used by some animals",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25578
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9a1",
"name": "edge detection",
"definition_text": "a fundamental tool in image processing and computer vision, particularly in the areas of feature detection and feature extraction, which aim at identifying points in a digital image at which the image brightness changes sharply or more formally has discontinuities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25579
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9ad",
"name": "feature detection",
"definition_text": "a process of recognizing specific aspects of a stimulus, such as lines, edges, angle, or movement. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25580
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9d1",
"name": "figure ground reversal",
"definition_text": "Occurs in certain visual illusions (e.g., Vases and Faces or "Rubin's Vase") in which there are multiple valid figure-ground segmentations that can be selected depending on an observer's interpretation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25581
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9dd",
"name": "figure ground segregation",
"definition_text": "Discriminating objects from their surroundings by the visual system.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25582
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9e9",
"name": "gustation processing",
"definition_text": "Form of chemoreception that facilitates taste perception.",
"alias": "gustation",
"ID(c)": 25583
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba01",
"name": "memory retrieval",
"definition_text": "the process of accessing a stored memory",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25584
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba0d",
"name": "active maintenance",
"definition_text": "The maintenance of information in working memory through active (volitional) rather than passive means",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25585
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba19",
"name": "articulatory loop",
"definition_text": "one of the subsystems postulated in Alan Baddeleyâs multicomponent model of WORKING MEMORY, specialized for the temporary storage of verbal information. It consists of a phonological store and an articulatory rehearsal process. The phonological store can hold speech-based information, subject to a rapid decay. The articulatory rehearsal process can refresh the decaying representation by reading it off and feeding it back to the store. It also serves to convert visually presented information (such as written words) into phonological codes and register them into the phonological store. ",
"alias": "phonological loop",
"ID(c)": 25586
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba25",
"name": "central executive",
"definition_text": "Theoretical 'top-down' cognitive system responsible for the management of executive functions including planning, working memory, attention, problem solving, reasoning, inhibition, multi-tasking, and the initiation and monitoring of actions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25587
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba30",
"name": "maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25588
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba3c",
"name": "manipulation",
"definition_text": "performance of operations upon information held in working memory",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25589
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba48",
"name": "phonological loop",
"definition_text": "deals with sound or phonological information and consists of two parts: a short-term phonological store with auditory memory traces that are subject to rapid decay and an articulatory rehearsal component that can revive the memory traces. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25590
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba54",
"name": "rehearsal",
"definition_text": "The repetition of information in an attempt to maintain it longer in memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25591
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba60",
"name": "rehearsal loop",
"definition_text": "or phonological loop, also called the phonetic loop or the articulatory loop, is the part of working memory that rehearses verbal information. It consists of two parts: a short-term phonological store with auditory memory traces that are subject to rapid decay and an articulatory rehearsal component that can revive the memory traces.The first component is a phonological memory store which can hold traces of acoustic or speech based material. Material in this short term store lasts about two seconds unless it is maintained through the use of the second subcomponent, articulatory subvocal rehearsal. Prevention of articulatory rehearsal results in very rapid forgetting (a process known as decay). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25592
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba6c",
"name": "working memory retrieval",
"definition_text": "The process of accessing information that is maintained in working memory; the sub-process by which the contents of working memory are accessed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25593
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba77",
"name": "working memory storage",
"definition_text": "The maintenance of information of working memory; a sub-component of working memory that allows for contents of working memory to be retained.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25594
},
{
"id": "trm_4a7b128b8b2d0",
"name": "test term",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25595
},
{
"id": "trm_4aae62e4ad209",
"name": "cognitive control",
"definition_text": "The top-down modulation of cognitive processes based on higher-order representations such as goals or plans.",
"alias": "executive control, executive function",
"ID(c)": 25596
},
{
"id": "trm_4b185801de7a1",
"name": "echoic memory",
"definition_text": "refers to the phenomenon in which there is a brief mental echo that continues to sound after an auditory stimulus has been heard.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25597
},
{
"id": "trm_4b6525253c63f",
"name": "reward processing",
"definition_text": "A positive return for performance of a specific behavior.",
"alias": "reinforcement, reward",
"ID(c)": 25598
},
{
"id": "trm_4b65259eeee34",
"name": "pain",
"definition_text": "An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25599
},
{
"id": "trm_4b75ed06c917d",
"name": "joint attention",
"definition_text": "the process of alerting one person to a stimulus through nonverbal cues such as finger pointing or gazing. It is one of the first signs of the development of a theory of mind in babies and serves as an important step to later language and social development.",
"alias": "mutual knowledge",
"ID(c)": 25600
},
{
"id": "trm_4b7c270940f9d",
"name": "behavioral inhibition (cognitive)",
"definition_text": "Often used as a synonym of "response inhibition" to describe the inhibition of actions.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25601
},
{
"id": "trm_4b7c27094a093",
"name": "behavioral inhibition (temperament)",
"definition_text": "A temperamental characteristic described by shyness and social anxiety.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25602
},
{
"id": "trm_4b82c75498408",
"name": "central coherence",
"definition_text": "a person's ability to understand things in context, frequently described as a deficit in literature on autism",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25603
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e04d656f06",
"name": "interference resolution",
"definition_text": "The process of selecting information with regard to its relevance to an ongoing task and suppressing the processing of irrelevant information.",
"alias": "interference control",
"ID(c)": 25604
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e05903e4bb",
"name": "updating",
"definition_text": "The revision or refreshing of information that is maintained in working memory",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25605
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e0646a2408",
"name": "task set",
"definition_text": "The set of rules and/or stimulus-response mappings that define how a task should be performed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25606
},
{
"id": "trm_4d21e9a7dd8ca",
"name": "subconscious",
"definition_text": "Subconscious is any neural activity which has the potential to be conscious, but at the moment is processed below the level of consciousness.\r\n\r\nIn contrast to unconscious information processing, subconscious processing contains meaning (semantic information).\r\n\r\nIntuition is a good example for subconscious information processing. In other words, intuition means thinking below the level of consciousness whereby only the output enters the stream of consciousness.\r\n\r\nfrom Peter Walla",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25607
},
{
"id": "trm_4d2201d530697",
"name": "semantic information",
"definition_text": "information that is not tied to any specific object, event, domain, or application. It includes general factual information about the world (as in an encyclopedia) and oneself.",
"alias": "semantic knowledge",
"ID(c)": 25608
},
{
"id": "trm_4d7fa1a3e2a10",
"name": "paraphasia",
"definition_text": "generally refers to errors in naming. Collectively, this term is applied to any unintended error of word or sound choice.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25609
},
{
"id": "trm_4d7fa1ee2f870",
"name": "phonemic paraphasia",
"definition_text": "is the production of unintended sounds or syllables in the utterance of partially recognizable word, e.g., âpakerâ for âpaper.â\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25610
},
{
"id": "trm_4d7fa2df05f23",
"name": "neologism",
"definition_text": "is the production of nonsense word or words, usually without recognition of errors, e.g., âtableâ becomes âtilto.â\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25611
},
{
"id": "trm_4d7fc763cf777",
"name": "metacomprehension",
"definition_text": "refers to the learners' ability to monitor the degree to which they understand information being communicated to them, to recognize failures to comprehend, and to employ repair strategies when failures are identified.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25612
},
{
"id": "trm_4d920c905d465",
"name": "conceptual metaphor",
"definition_text": "In cognitive linguistics, metaphor is defined as understanding one conceptual domain in terms of another conceptual domain; for example, using one person's life experience to understand a different person's experience. A conceptual domain can be any coherent organization of experience.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25613
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5505361f160",
"name": "body representation",
"definition_text": "A mental representation of one's own body",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25614
},
{
"id": "trm_4fa3afaeef512",
"name": "delusion",
"definition_text": "A belief held despite appreciable external evidence to the contrary.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25615
},
{
"id": "trm_4fa28299dbddd",
"name": "deliberation",
"definition_text": "the process of judging the merits of multiple options, which may then be followed by choice.",
"alias": "consideration",
"ID(c)": 25616
},
{
"id": "trm_4fa295124a375",
"name": "thought",
"definition_text": "Subjectively salient cognitive processing, at least part of which may be reportable.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25617
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31ced566649",
"name": "multisensory integration",
"definition_text": "The process by which unisensory signals are combined to form a new product. It is operationally defined as a multisensory response (neural or behavioral) that is significantly different from the responses evoked by the modality-specific component stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25618
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d2241319f",
"name": "crossmodal",
"definition_text": "A complex of two or more modality-specific [unimodal] stimuli",
"alias": "cross-modal",
"ID(c)": 25619
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d365bc7e2",
"name": "unisensory",
"definition_text": "Describes any sensory process associated with a single sensory modality ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25620
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d3ba7d25b",
"name": "multisensory",
"definition_text": "a process associated with multiple sensory modalities ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25621
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31e6dca01ca",
"name": "synchrony perception",
"definition_text": "the process of perceiving whether or not the crossmodal cues (e.g., audio and visual) to an event (e.g., audiovisual speech) are in temporal synchrony with each other.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25622
},
{
"id": "trm_4e416f1373936",
"name": "tactile working memory",
"definition_text": "working memory for tactile information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25623
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5506161998c",
"name": "interoceptive representation",
"definition_text": "A representation of the internal state of the body",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25624
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5badf095692",
"name": "sense of ownership",
"definition_text": "The feeling that something is part of one self.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25625
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5faabfe8ce3",
"name": "sense of body ownership",
"definition_text": "The feeling that something is part of one's own body.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25626
},
{
"id": "trm_4e61264db33d4",
"name": "pain sensitization ",
"definition_text": "A painful stimulus is perceived more painful over the time course of stimulation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25627
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6127bd91be9",
"name": "pain habituation",
"definition_text": "A painful stimulus is perceived less painful over the time course of stimulation.",
"alias": "pain adaptation",
"ID(c)": 25628
},
{
"id": "trm_4e89aebaa311d",
"name": "priming",
"definition_text": "Priming is the effect of prior exposure to a somehow (e.g. perceptually or semantically) related stimulus on the response to a subsequent stimulus. This effect may be positive and facilitatory (e.g. naming of an object is typically faster when that object has already been recently named) or negative and detrimental (e.g. slower response to a previously ignored stimulus).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25629
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebfe9a465449",
"name": "expectancy",
"definition_text": "A belief about something in the future. Sometimes requires explicit, conscious awareness, distinct from unconscious, conditioning-based learning.",
"alias": "expectation, reward prediction error",
"ID(c)": 25630
},
{
"id": "trm_4ee8facd77dfc",
"name": "self control",
"definition_text": "The effortful control of behaviors, thoughts, or emotions with the aim of increasing the likelihood of attaining long-term over short-term outcomes.",
"alias": "Self-regulation, willpower, ego strength, self-discipline",
"ID(c)": 25631
},
{
"id": "trm_4f33e65d0daac",
"name": "embodied cognition",
"definition_text": "a theory emphasizing the essentiality of the body's interaction with the environment to cognition",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25632
},
{
"id": "trm_4f3a72a028d90",
"name": "resource",
"definition_text": "any aspect of cognition having bounded availability, eg. memory, attention",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25633
},
{
"id": "trm_4f3bdeedcc99d",
"name": "curiosity",
"definition_text": "wanting knowledge or understanding, often of a novel or unfamiliar entity ",
"alias": "inquisitiveness",
"ID(c)": 25634
},
{
"id": "trm_4ff36d79c26c6",
"name": "visual awareness",
"definition_text": "the subjective experience of seeing, emerging about 200ms after the onset of a visual stimulus; it is contrasted with unconscious visual perception",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25635
},
{
"id": "trm_4f4511e519b53",
"name": "imagination",
"definition_text": "forming mental images or concepts of what is not actually present to the senses ",
"alias": "envisagement, representation, mental conception",
"ID(c)": 25636
},
{
"id": "trm_4fafd1626bf2b",
"name": "addiction",
"definition_text": "A phenomenon sometimes conflated and sometimes contrasted with dependency, in which a person has transitioned from liking a rewarding substance or behavior to requiring it.",
"alias": "dependency",
"ID(c)": 25637
},
{
"id": "trm_4f4672db34a46",
"name": "self talk",
"definition_text": "overt verbalisation of thoughts for the purpose of self motivation, problem solving, reasoning, learning or stress management; a behavior commonly witnessed in sports-people during moments of performance pressure ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25638
},
{
"id": "trm_4f46753b8be4f",
"name": "worldview",
"definition_text": "overarching subjective account of environmental (ie. that in which an agent is situated) characteristics and functions, applicable across local and global spatiotemporal scales; a framework of ego-centric ideas and beliefs that serves to guide decision making and action, and to generate, sustain, and apply knowledge. ",
"alias": "perspective",
"ID(c)": 25639
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe3861edc919",
"name": "inattentional blindness",
"definition_text": "a phenomenon in which people fail to see an unexpected stimulus",
"alias": "perceptual blindness",
"ID(c)": 25640
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe39e4388409",
"name": "interoception",
"definition_text": "perception of stimuli inside the body, e.g. hunger, thirst, pain",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25641
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe8edc62f613",
"name": "extinction",
"definition_text": "the phenomenon by which a response to a conditional stimulus presented in absence of the unconditional stimulus diminishes over time; rather than a forgetting, it is generally believed to be a new learning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25642
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe9fae4321e7",
"name": "difference threshold",
"definition_text": "the smallest detectable difference between two stimuli",
"alias": "just noticeable difference, JND",
"ID(c)": 25643
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea04a02ce37",
"name": "binocular depth cue",
"definition_text": "a cue that provides depth information about a scene when it is viewed with both eyes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25644
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea09fac5316",
"name": "color constancy",
"definition_text": "the ability to assign stable colors despite variation in light, i.e. identifying that a given box is orange irrespective of the spectral composition or intensity of the light illuminating it",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25645
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea18ec76bc9",
"name": "feature search",
"definition_text": "search for a target according to a single feature (e.g. color)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25646
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea1aeaa7b17",
"name": "attentional blink",
"definition_text": "a phenomenon in which the participant is unable to detect a second salient visual stimulus if presented at the same spatial location within 200-500 milliseconds after the first",
"alias": "AB",
"ID(c)": 25647
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea238758d33",
"name": "change blindness",
"definition_text": "the inability to detect changes to an object or a scene even if large, repeatedly made, or anticipated; it can even occur when the subject is fixated on the item being changed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25648
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea25630ffb5",
"name": "motion aftereffect",
"definition_text": "the illusion of movement in a stationary object after prolonged viewing of a moving object",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25649
},
{
"id": "trm_4feb3f8c551cb",
"name": "overt attention",
"definition_text": "directing a sense organ at a stimulus source",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25650
},
{
"id": "trm_4feb3ffa1ab51",
"name": "covert attention",
"definition_text": "the act of focusing on one of several sensory stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25651
},
{
"id": "trm_4feb44e5ae25b",
"name": "unconscious perception",
"definition_text": "the process of perceiving a stimulus without being conscious of having seen it, measurable by electrophysiological response at the time and by recognition testing later",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25652
},
{
"id": "trm_4ff1fc04e22e8",
"name": "autonoesis",
"definition_text": "consciousness of self consistent over time, both in imagining the future and recalling the past; consciousness of subjectivity",
"alias": "autonoetic consciousness",
"ID(c)": 25653
},
{
"id": "trm_4ffca95528c88",
"name": "psychological refractory period",
"definition_text": "the phenomenon by which people are unable to make more than one conscious decision (and, by extension, unable to complete more than one task) within a few hundred milliseconds",
"alias": "PRP",
"ID(c)": 25654
},
{
"id": "trm_4ffdc96dc85b7",
"name": "noesis",
"definition_text": "a consciousness characterized by knowing or familiarity without self-reference (contrast with autonoesis)",
"alias": "noetic consciousness",
"ID(c)": 25655
},
{
"id": "trm_50070dce14554",
"name": "impulsivity",
"definition_text": "the tendency to act without adequately assessing context",
"alias": "impulsiveness",
"ID(c)": 25656
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8626d0770",
"name": "binocular rivalry",
"definition_text": "competition between the eyes for control of perception, particularly evident when different stimuli are presented to each eye",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25657
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8839c2877",
"name": "cone of confusion",
"definition_text": "a region around the head for which neither interaural time differences (ITDs) nor interaural loudness differences (ILDs) in a sound are not great enough for a person to localize the sound source",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25658
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8aef38f2c",
"name": "vection",
"definition_text": "the illusion of movement in a stationary person caused by moving visual cues",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25659
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8bcf5f29a",
"name": "visual acuity",
"definition_text": "a measure of the finest resolution perceivable by the eyes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25660
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8c8fcc520",
"name": "visual angle",
"definition_text": "the angle a viewed object subtends at the eye, usually stated in degrees of arc, and is a function of the size of the object and its distance from the eye",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25661
},
{
"id": "trm_5021684cba96c",
"name": "domain specificity",
"definition_text": "the idea in cognitive science that the mind is divided according to the content of information being processed into specialized, possibly evolved, modules",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25662
},
{
"id": "trm_5021873f37abc",
"name": "global precedence",
"definition_text": "the idea that, all else held equal, global features are perceived earlier than are local features of a given stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25663
},
{
"id": "trm_5022ef7599294",
"name": "anxiety",
"definition_text": "An aversive psychophysiological state characterized by fear, worry, or concern associated with current or impending threat often elicited by general and specific interoceptive or exteroceptive cues.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25664
},
{
"id": "trm_5024002a85b1f",
"name": "spontaneous recovery",
"definition_text": "recovery of a conditioned response following extinction, simply as a function of time",
"alias": "recovery",
"ID(c)": 25665
},
{
"id": "trm_502403240a2a2",
"name": "reinstatement",
"definition_text": "following extinction, conditioned response returns after exposure to unconditional stimulus (US) alone",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25666
},
{
"id": "trm_5029515e29f7f",
"name": "blindsight",
"definition_text": "unconscious visual perception, i.e. a phenomenon in which people can detect, discriminate between, and respond to visual stimuli without being consciously aware of them",
"alias": "blind sight",
"ID(c)": 25667
},
{
"id": "trm_502954662d63e",
"name": "feature integration",
"definition_text": "how different features of a percept are bound into a conscious whole",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25668
},
{
"id": "trm_50297454e516b",
"name": "transduction",
"definition_text": "in which information from stimuli is transduced into signals to the brain",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25669
},
{
"id": "trm_5029751d118c4",
"name": "phototransduction",
"definition_text": "in which energy from visual stimuli is transduced into a signal in the retina to the brain",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25670
},
{
"id": "trm_502ab8dd991bf",
"name": "border ownership",
"definition_text": "the determination of a local feature (i.e. a contrast edge or line) and the object to which it belongs",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25671
},
{
"id": "trm_502abeab4e1d8",
"name": "multistable perception",
"definition_text": "conflicting sensory input results in spontaneous, sometimes controllable, experiences thereof",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25672
},
{
"id": "trm_502ad54c11389",
"name": "visual orientation",
"definition_text": "use of visual stimulus information in perceiving orientation thereof or of the self",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25673
},
{
"id": "trm_502bdc6bdaa2b",
"name": "lateral masking",
"definition_text": "perceptual phenomenon in which one stimulus attenuates signals generated by another, adjacent, stimulus presented simultaneously",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25674
},
{
"id": "trm_502c139d5ed78",
"name": "crowding",
"definition_text": "target stimulus is made harder to identify when surrounded by similar non-target stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25675
},
{
"id": "trm_502c343d20523",
"name": "lexeme",
"definition_text": "the phonological form of a given lexical item being retrieved",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25676
},
{
"id": "trm_50aff037c389f",
"name": "trait anxiety",
"definition_text": "a hyper-responsive system for threat detection, differentiated from state anxiety in duration and cause",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25677
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb5469ba37a",
"name": "strength",
"definition_text": "Strength refers to a muscle's ability to generate force against physical objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25678
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb56a7867db",
"name": "balance",
"definition_text": "Balance allows humans to be able to orient the body in space, maintain an upright posture under static and dynamic conditions, and move without falling, by adjusting motoric control",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25679
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb692db57eb",
"name": "locomotion",
"definition_text": "Locomotion is the act of moving the body from one place to another. It requires input from the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, muscular power and joint and cardiovascular health. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25680
},
{
"id": "trm_50f382d7abdff",
"name": "vestibular control",
"definition_text": "The vestibular system transduces and processes angular and linear acceleration and deceleration of the head, enabling postural balance, locomotor control, and gaze stabilization, particularly during head movement. The vestibular system is an integral component of our sensory experience and sensory-motor function. Healthy peripheral and central vestibular anatomy is essential for functionally relevant gaze stability during head motion and postural control.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25681
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3c0af04e37",
"name": "life satisfaction",
"definition_text": "Oneâs cognitive evaluation of life experiences; this measure is concerned with whether people like their lives or not. Life satisfaction includes both general (e.g., my life is going well) and domain-specific (e.g., I am satisfied with my family life) aspects. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25682
},
{
"id": "trm_510059e54b2cf",
"name": "attentional bias",
"definition_text": "Attentional bias refers to the tendency for a particular class of stimuli to capture attention. The term is most typically used to refer to biases related to emotional content in bottom-up-capture attention tasks. ",
"alias": "Attention bias",
"ID(c)": 25683
},
{
"id": "trm_5154a9f45903f",
"name": "reception of facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to perceive someoneâs emotional state non-verbally based on facial expressions. Examples include affect recognition, facial recognition and characterization.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25684
},
{
"id": "trm_5154aa9735134",
"name": "productive facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to convey oneâs emotional state non-verbally via facial expressions, including eye contact, expressive reciprocation, and gaze following.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25685
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b049c279f",
"name": "Reception of non-facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to perceive social and emotional information based on modalities other than facial expression, including non-verbal gestures, affective prosody, distress calling, cooing, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25686
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b23a3156a",
"name": "Production of non-facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to express social and emotional information based on modalities other than facial expression, including non-verbal gestures, affective prosody, distress calling, cooing, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25687
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b2f947fe9",
"name": "agency",
"definition_text": "The ability to recognize oneâs self as the agent of oneâs actions and thoughts, including the recognition of oneâs own body/body parts.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25688
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b39a3193d",
"name": "self knowledge",
"definition_text": "The ability to make judgments about oneâs current cognitive or emotional internal states, traits, and/or abilities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25689
},
{
"id": "trm_5159beaf80413",
"name": "animacy perception",
"definition_text": "The ability to appropriately perceive that another entity is an agent (i.e., has a face, interacts contingently, and exhibits biological motion).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25690
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c00c3dac3",
"name": "action perception",
"definition_text": "The perception of an action being performed by an animate entity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25691
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c0a633cda",
"name": "understanding mental states",
"definition_text": "The ability to make judgments and/or attributions about the mental state of other animate entities that allows one to predict or interpret their behaviors. Mental state refers to intentions, beliefs, desires, and emotions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25692
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c382bd8d4",
"name": "circadian rhythm",
"definition_text": "Endogenous, self-sustaining oscillations that organize the timing of biological systems to optimize physiology, behavior, and health. Circadian rhythms are synchronized by recurring environmental cues and attempt to anticipate the external environment. They also modulate homeostasis within the brain and other systems, tissues, and organs. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25693
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c70d0e98e",
"name": "sleep",
"definition_text": "Sleep and wakefulness are endogenous, recurring, behavioral states that reflect coordinated changes in the dynamic functional organization of the brain and that optimize physiology, behavior, and health. Homeostatic and circadian processes regulate the propensity for wakefulness and sleep. Sleep is a reversible state, characterized by postural recumbence, behavioral quiescence, and reduced responsiveness. It involves predictable cycling of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM). It is affected by experiences during wakefulness, and has restorative and transformative effects that optimize neurobehavioral functions during wakefulness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25694
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c80c1dd24",
"name": "loss",
"definition_text": "A state of deprivation of a motivationally significant con-specific, object, or situation. Loss may be social or non-social and may include permanent or sustained loss of monetary values, shelter, behavioral control, status, loved ones, or relationships. The response to loss may be episodic (e.g., grief) or sustained.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25695
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c885a7314",
"name": "defensive aggression",
"definition_text": "A response elicited by a real or perceived threat that leads to a pattern of behaviors directed at terminating the threat.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25696
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c8a5d3d13",
"name": "offensive aggression",
"definition_text": "A response elicited by competition over resource acquisition or other positive consequences. This form of aggression often arises from differences in social status and dominance.",
"alias": "proactive aggression",
"ID(c)": 25697
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c94667677",
"name": "reward valuation",
"definition_text": "Processes by which the probability and benefits of a prospective outcome are computed and calibrated by reference to external information, social context (e.g., group input, counterfactual comparisons), and/or prior experience. This calibration is influenced by pre-existing biases, learning, memory, stimulus characteristics, and deprivation states. Reward valuation may involve the assignment of incentive salience to stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25698
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c971bf444",
"name": "effort valuation",
"definition_text": "Processes by which the cost(s) of obtaining an outcome is computed; tendency to overcome response costs to obtain a reinforcer.",
"alias": "willingness to work",
"ID(c)": 25699
},
{
"id": "trm_5159cb12a0f92",
"name": "reward learning",
"definition_text": "A process by which organisms acquire information about stimuli, actions, and contexts that predict positive outcomes, and by which behavior is modified when a novel reward occurs or outcomes are better than expected. Reward learning is a type of reinforcement learning, and similar processes may be involved in learning related to negative reinforcement.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25700
},
{
"id": "trm_51838baad343e",
"name": "semantic network",
"definition_text": "Set of concepts and relations",
"alias": "ontology",
"ID(c)": 25701
},
{
"id": "trm_51a6905a3f021",
"name": "cognitive training",
"definition_text": "Targeted exercises designed to help improve mental capacities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25702
},
{
"id": "trm_51a690a7492eb",
"name": "emotion regulation",
"definition_text": "The ability to have control over and change emotional responses, such as feelings and behaviors associated with them. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25703
},
{
"id": "trm_51a690eeadcb7",
"name": "neuroplasticity",
"definition_text": "The brain's ability to change in structure and function through experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25704
},
{
"id": "trm_52068e5bd9aa1",
"name": "restricted behavior",
"definition_text": "A restricted behavior is a stereotyped pattern of behavior, activity, or interest. Examples include preoccupation with an object, activity, or topic, and this preoccupation is abnormal in intensity or focus. Individuals with restricted behaviors may find it challenging to break away from habit or routine.",
"alias": "repetitive behavior, stereotyped behavior",
"ID(c)": 25705
},
{
"id": "trm_52090251db8c8",
"name": "social motivation",
"definition_text": "An individual's tendency to seek out direct contact with another person or a group of people.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25706
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7afe39f78",
"name": "irritability",
"definition_text": "The quality or state of being agitated, testy, grumpy, moody, or having a short temper.",
"alias": "anger, agitation, moodiness, testy, grumpy, short tempered",
"ID(c)": 25707
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7ba79c2f1",
"name": "lethargy",
"definition_text": "a lack of energy or enthusiasm. In a social context, this means being socially withdrawn.",
"alias": "slow, socially withdrawn",
"ID(c)": 25708
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7c13bc55f",
"name": "hyperactivity",
"definition_text": "a condition characterized by excessive restlessness and movement, and commonly non-compliance",
"alias": "restlessness, movement, non-compliance",
"ID(c)": 25709
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7c886b614",
"name": "Inappropriate speech",
"definition_text": "dialogue, either to oneself or others, that is not appropriate or suitable to the current situation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25710
},
{
"id": "trm_523ca7e778c50",
"name": "internalizing",
"definition_text": "focusing negative energy on the self, often through holding back emotion, often leading to less than ideal emotional states (worry, anxiety, negativity and depression). These states are frequently present in autistic children.",
"alias": "worry, anxiety, negativity, depression",
"ID(c)": 25711
},
{
"id": "trm_523ca883711cc",
"name": "externalizing",
"definition_text": "attributing cause to factors outside of the self",
"alias": "attribution bias",
"ID(c)": 25712
},
{
"id": "trm_523e00f356226",
"name": "conduct disorder",
"definition_text": "Lacking regard for others and callous, unemotional. Characterized by repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate norms are violated.",
"alias": "callous, antisocial, unemotional",
"ID(c)": 25713
},
{
"id": "trm_523e024c14df9",
"name": "antisocial personality",
"definition_text": "avoiding the company of other people, unsociable, sometimes to the extent of injuring others or the interests of society in general",
"alias": "hermit, introvert",
"ID(c)": 25714
},
{
"id": "trm_523e034f9e69a",
"name": "defiance",
"definition_text": "bold resistance to an opposing force, power, or authority, expressed through behavior and attitude",
"alias": "disobedient, oppositional",
"ID(c)": 25715
},
{
"id": "trm_523e0419ec219",
"name": "obsession",
"definition_text": "compulsive preoccupation with a fixed idea or an unwanted feeling or emotion, often accompanied by symptoms of anxiety",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25716
},
{
"id": "trm_523e053844495",
"name": "social phobia",
"definition_text": "having a fear so strong of being judged by others and of being embarrassed that it significantly gets in the way of everyday life",
"alias": "embarrassment",
"ID(c)": 25717
},
{
"id": "trm_523e0a4b443dc",
"name": "rigidity",
"definition_text": "unable to stray from a particular pattern of behavior or thought",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25718
},
{
"id": "trm_523f5ee64102c",
"name": "agreeableness",
"definition_text": "Agreeableness is a personality trait manifesting itself in individual behavioral characteristics that are perceived as kind, sympathetic, cooperative, warm and considerate.\r\n\r\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreeableness",
"alias": "kind, sympathetic, cooperative, warm",
"ID(c)": 25719
},
{
"id": "trm_523f5f918cb2c",
"name": "openness",
"definition_text": "Openness to experience is one of the domains which are used to describe human personality in the Five Factor Model. Openness involves active imagination, aesthetic sensitivity, attentiveness to inner feelings, preference for variety, and intellectual curiosity.\r\n\r\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Openness_to_experience",
"alias": "imaginative, open, curious",
"ID(c)": 25720
},
{
"id": "trm_52405de6b7a63",
"name": "psychosis",
"definition_text": "A kind of disordered thinking for which thought and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25721
},
{
"id": "trm_52405e33adafa",
"name": "paranoia",
"definition_text": "a mental condition characterized by delusions of persecution, unwarranted jealousy, or exaggerated self-importance, typically elaborated into an organized system. It may be an aspect of chronic personality disorder, of drug abuse, or of a serious condition such as schizophrenia in which the person loses touch with reality.",
"alias": "delusional",
"ID(c)": 25722
},
{
"id": "trm_5240fddc2e43e",
"name": "phonological awareness",
"definition_text": "Explicit awareness of the abstract units that compose spoken words, including syllables, onset and rime units, and individual phonemes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25723
},
{
"id": "trm_52583d9f2ad98",
"name": "guilt",
"definition_text": "a cognitive or an emotional experience that occurs when a person realizes or believes (whether it is true or not) that he or she has compromised his or her own standards of conduct or has violated a moral standard, and bears significant responsibility for that violation.",
"alias": "remorse",
"ID(c)": 25724
},
{
"id": "trm_52583dceb345e",
"name": "anhedonia",
"definition_text": "lack of interest",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25725
},
{
"id": "trm_52583e083c9ab",
"name": "appetite",
"definition_text": "the desire to eat food",
"alias": "hunger",
"ID(c)": 25726
},
{
"id": "trm_52583e52d5e7a",
"name": "fatigue",
"definition_text": "a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy",
"alias": "tiredness",
"ID(c)": 25727
},
{
"id": "trm_52583e8a46ded",
"name": "suicidal ideation",
"definition_text": "thoughts about or an unusual preoccupation with suicide",
"alias": "suicidal, suicidal thoughts",
"ID(c)": 25728
},
{
"id": "trm_525c58f9aabae",
"name": "perfectionism",
"definition_text": "a personality trait characterized by a person's striving for flawlessness and setting excessively high performance standards, accompanied by overly critical self-evaluations and concerns regarding others' evaluations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25729
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8b8908809",
"name": "eating",
"definition_text": "An individual's preferences for food or general appetite.",
"alias": "appetite, food preference",
"ID(c)": 25730
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8cd1c9cc3",
"name": "sensory defensiveness",
"definition_text": "a condition defined as having "a tendency to react negatively or with alarm to sensory input which is generally considered harmless or non-irritating" to neurotypical people."",
"alias": "sensitivity",
"ID(c)": 25731
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8e198e0da",
"name": "sensitivity to change",
"definition_text": "an individual's ability to withstand changes in his or her environment or situation.",
"alias": "flexibility, tolerance",
"ID(c)": 25732
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8f3ed78a2",
"name": "noise sensitivity",
"definition_text": "having a tendency to react negatively or with alarm to noise input which is generally considered harmless or non-irritating to neurotypical individuals.",
"alias": "auditory sensitivity",
"ID(c)": 25733
},
{
"id": "trm_529d0d62290de",
"name": "loneliness",
"definition_text": "loneliness is a complex and unpleasant emotional response to isolation or lack of companionship.\r\n\r\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loneliness",
"alias": "isolation, solitary, alone",
"ID(c)": 25734
},
{
"id": "trm_52b5f1ef4f9cc",
"name": "phonological processing",
"definition_text": "Refers to the use of phonological information (i.e., the sound of one's language) in processing written and oral language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25735
},
{
"id": "trm_5358ede949107",
"name": "conflict adaptation effect",
"definition_text": "The congruency effect after incongruent trials is reduced when compared with congruent trials. It is a trial-to-trial effect. Originally reported by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1992; as refered by van Steenbergen, 2010; Psychological Science). Thus:\r\n(iI-iC) ",
"alias": "conflict adaptation, trial-to-trial conflict effect",
"ID(c)": 25736
},
{
"id": "trm_568427366401c",
"name": "sentence recognition ",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected sentence into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25737
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b5f181edd",
"name": "goal selection",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25738
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b7525d7a2",
"name": "discrimination",
"definition_text": "Responding differently to stimuli that differ in some aspect",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25739
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b80525e89",
"name": "stimulus detection",
"definition_text": "It is the ability to discern between information-bearing patterns and random patterns that distract from the information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25740
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b92bde7dc",
"name": "visual localization",
"definition_text": "Localization of visually perceived objects relative to other visually perceived objects (either simultaneously or successively) or relative to a visual norm, or by absolute identification.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25741
},
{
"id": "trm_5519ba1746e95",
"name": "perceptual priming",
"definition_text": "is based on the form of the stimulus and is enhanced by the match between the early and later stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25742
},
{
"id": "trm_5519bb7767d98",
"name": "spatial localization",
"definition_text": "reference to a definite locality in space",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25743
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0f822d95e",
"name": "Limited Capacity",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25744
},
{
"id": "trm_551f11bb8f6a8",
"name": "interference control",
"definition_text": "Protection from self-directed responses that result from disruption by competing events and responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25745
},
{
"id": "trm_56006cb5a61ac",
"name": "exogenous attention",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "stimulus-driven attention",
"ID(c)": 25746
},
{
"id": "trm_552185f5cda66",
"name": "object-based attention",
"definition_text": "refers to the relationship between an âobjectâ representation and a personâs visually stimulated, selective attention",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25747
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a0512df9a",
"name": "localization",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25748
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a2aa5b127",
"name": "conceptual priming",
"definition_text": "Conceptual priming is based on the meaning of a stimulus and is enhanced by semantic tasks. For example, table, will show priming effects on chair, because table and chair belong to the same category.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25749
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a3da10349",
"name": "positive priming",
"definition_text": "refers to increased speed of processing of priming caused by simply experiencing the stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25750
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a45a397a6",
"name": "repetition priming",
"definition_text": "refers to the finding that an initial presentation of a stimulus influences the way in which an individual will respond to that stimulus when it is presented at a later time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25751
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a51034353",
"name": "semantic priming",
"definition_text": "is where we process stimuli better depending on what comes first.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25752
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a5f310604",
"name": "associative priming",
"definition_text": "In associative priming, the target is a word that has a high probability of appearing with the prime, and is "associated" with it but not necessarily related in semantic features. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25753
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a663cd89c",
"name": "response priming",
"definition_text": "A special form of the visuomotor priming effect in which prime and target are presented in quick succession.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25754
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a6bc4db33",
"name": "kindness priming",
"definition_text": "is a specific form of priming that occurs when a subject experiences an act of kindness and subsequently experiences a lower threshold of activation when subsequently encountering positive stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25755
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a7a1376ed",
"name": "negative priming",
"definition_text": "is a kind of priming in which the speed of processing is slower than unprimed levels. It is caused by experiencing the stimulus and then ignoring it",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25756
},
{
"id": "trm_5524572b66764",
"name": "feature-based attention",
"definition_text": "direct limited processing resources on those sensory inputs that are most relevant for the task at hand",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25757
},
{
"id": "trm_5534111a8bc96",
"name": "punishment processing",
"definition_text": "the authoritative imposition of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome upon a group or individual, in response to a particular action or behaviour that is deemed unacceptable or threatening to some norm (from Wikipedia.org)",
"alias": "punish, negative feedback, punishment",
"ID(c)": 25758
},
{
"id": "trm_553967f006b70",
"name": "shape recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability to perceive a shape",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25759
},
{
"id": "trm_555cfb890d721",
"name": "relational comparison",
"definition_text": "Comparison of two stimuli based on a relational feature",
"alias": "relational matching",
"ID(c)": 25760
},
{
"id": "trm_557b471bc6cd8",
"name": "animacy decision",
"definition_text": "decision about whether a stimulus exhibits animacy",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25761
},
{
"id": "trm_557b474e2b578",
"name": "auditory tone detection",
"definition_text": "determining the presence of an auditory stimulus such as a sound or tone",
"alias": "sound detection, tone detection",
"ID(c)": 25762
},
{
"id": "trm_557b476527a27",
"name": "auditory tone discrimination",
"definition_text": "It is the ability to perceive and respond to differences among auditory stimuli",
"alias": "tone discrimination, sound discrimination",
"ID(c)": 25763
},
{
"id": "trm_557b477b4a15f",
"name": "body maintenance",
"definition_text": "keeping information about the body in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25764
},
{
"id": "trm_557b478ce1c24",
"name": "color recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected color stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25765
},
{
"id": "trm_557b47abe9a34",
"name": "decision certainty",
"definition_text": "the confidence of knowledge regarding the likelihood of an outcome.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25766
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4817db34d",
"name": "economic value processing",
"definition_text": "the process of comparing, at an idiosyncratic level, the economic value of two or more options.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25767
},
{
"id": "trm_557b482a7c62b",
"name": "emotional face recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of determining whether an emotional face is the same as another face that has been previously encountered.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25768
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4844ca14d",
"name": "emotional reappraisal",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25769
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4855a12b4",
"name": "emotional self-evaluation",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25770
},
{
"id": "trm_55e1b08e5b06c",
"name": "Dyslexia",
"definition_text": "Dyslexia is a reading impairment. There are currently 17 known types of dyslexia, each resulting from a different component of the reading process, each with different error types and different characteristics. Dyslexia can result from brain damage after reading has been acquired (acquired dyslexia), or can be present from birth (developmental dyslexia).",
"alias": "reading impairment",
"ID(c)": 25771
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4891e9265",
"name": "feature comparison",
"definition_text": "Comparison of stimuli based on a shared feature.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25772
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48a224b95",
"name": "loss anticipation",
"definition_text": "prior expectation of the occurrence of a loss, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25773
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48aeb7d58",
"name": "motion detection",
"definition_text": "to determine the presence of motion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25774
},
{
"id": "trm_565bce2791089",
"name": "implicit learning",
"definition_text": "the acquisition of knowledge in an incidental manner without awareness. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25775
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48d40d3cf",
"name": "negative emotion",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25776
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48e337218",
"name": "negative feedback processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluating a piece of information that has externally ascribed negative salience in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25777
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48f22ba99",
"name": "numerical scale judgment",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25778
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4904ee26d",
"name": "object maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping object information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25779
},
{
"id": "trm_557b491318742",
"name": "oddball detection",
"definition_text": "detecting patterns in a given data set that do not conform to an established normal behavior.",
"alias": "outlier detection, anomaly detection",
"ID(c)": 25780
},
{
"id": "trm_557b49206928b",
"name": "pattern maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping pattern information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25781
},
{
"id": "trm_557b493133416",
"name": "place maintenance",
"definition_text": "keeping information about a scene or place in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "scene maintenance",
"ID(c)": 25782
},
{
"id": "trm_557b493e4203a",
"name": "positive feedback processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluating a piece of information that has externally ascribed positive value in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25783
},
{
"id": "trm_557b494ca540d",
"name": "potential monetary loss",
"definition_text": "A potential negative return in the form of money for performance of a specific behavior. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25784
},
{
"id": "trm_557b495cdde57",
"name": "potential monetary reward",
"definition_text": "A potential positive return in the form of money for performance of a specific behavior.",
"alias": "potential cash reward",
"ID(c)": 25785
},
{
"id": "trm_557b49851e991",
"name": "proactive control",
"definition_text": "Top down modulation of cognitive processes in anticipation of future goals or task demands. Often involves reaction time slowing",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25786
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4993a0fdd",
"name": "reinforcement learning",
"definition_text": "the modification of the value placed on potential stimulus/action combinations based on the outcomes associated with those actions in the past",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25787
},
{
"id": "trm_557b499fac085",
"name": "resistance to distractor inference",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25788
},
{
"id": "trm_557b49ad14adf",
"name": "response conflict",
"definition_text": "The coactivation of competing response alternatives",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25789
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4a7315f1b",
"name": "response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action in accordance with task demands, enacting a specific overt behavior",
"alias": "action execution",
"ID(c)": 25790
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4a81a4a17",
"name": "reward anticipation",
"definition_text": "prior expectation of the occurrence of a reward, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25791
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4a913f8cc",
"name": "risk processing",
"definition_text": "the extraction of information about the potential or current risk associated with a stimulus",
"alias": "danger processing, threat processing",
"ID(c)": 25792
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4aa070c10",
"name": "selective control",
"definition_text": "Top-down modulation of specific response output or of specific stimuli in the environment. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25793
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4ab076338",
"name": "semantic categorization",
"definition_text": "The assignment of a semantic stimulus to one of a set of categories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25794
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4abe521af",
"name": "spatial selective attention",
"definition_text": "The process of dedicating cognitive and perceptual resources to one or more spatial inputs and attenuating receptiveness to other inputs. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25795
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4acdee820",
"name": "string maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping string (e.g., consonant) information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "consonant maintenance",
"ID(c)": 25796
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4add1837e",
"name": "task difficulty",
"definition_text": "the perceived effort required to complete some mental or physical activity",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25797
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4aeaeb744",
"name": "tool maintenance",
"definition_text": "keeping information about a tool in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25798
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4af7cc1cb",
"name": "visual body recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual body into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25799
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b05ae470",
"name": "visual color discrimination",
"definition_text": "the identification of differences in color amongst visual stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25800
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b154e0d9",
"name": "visual face recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual face into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25801
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b27dfd5e",
"name": "visual form discrimination",
"definition_text": "the identification of differences among visual forms.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25802
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b3a6a34d",
"name": "visual form recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual form into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25803
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b47d994a",
"name": "visual number recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected number stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25804
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b56de455",
"name": "visual object detection",
"definition_text": "visual detection of instances of objects of a certain class (such as humans, buildings, cars, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25805
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b652cbec",
"name": "visual pattern recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying a meaningful pattern in visual stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25806
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b7176394",
"name": "visual recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25807
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b7e68727",
"name": "visual place recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual place or scene into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25808
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b8cd05ca",
"name": "visual tool recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual tool into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25809
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b9ccdc4a",
"name": "visual word recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability to read (and understand) written words",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25810
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4bb7cf05b",
"name": "word maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping word information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25811
},
{
"id": "trm_558c73324a6ca",
"name": "intertemporal choice",
"definition_text": "the study of how people make choices about what and how much to do at various points in time, when choices at one time influence the possibilities available at other points in time.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Intertemporal_choice",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25812
},
{
"id": "trm_558c736199abd",
"name": "subjective value judgment",
"definition_text": "the process of comparing, at an idiosyncratic level, the relatively desirability of two or more options or the internal idiosyncratic value represented internally for such a judgement ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25813
},
{
"id": "trm_558c73b3663a6",
"name": "phonological comparison",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25814
},
{
"id": "trm_558c73f3c8c6f",
"name": "visual pseudoword recognition",
"definition_text": "the reading of written letter strings that follow the phonotactic rules of the written language",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25815
},
{
"id": "trm_558c74156b7ee",
"name": "phonological assembly",
"definition_text": "WRITE DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25816
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7439832d9",
"name": "visual letter recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected letter stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25817
},
{
"id": "trm_558c74b165bb1",
"name": "overt naming",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25818
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7ae1eaf86",
"name": "arithmetic processing",
"definition_text": "numerical calculations or derivation of numbers in response to an input with discrete or continuous salience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25819
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b14c076e",
"name": "auditory sentence recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning an detected sound stimulus in the form of a sentence into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25820
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b337080f",
"name": "right hand response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action with the right hand in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25821
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b5228ed4",
"name": "visual sentence recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected sentence stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25822
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b707f606",
"name": "left hand response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action with the left hand in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25823
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bd2b92003",
"name": "facial happiness recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of assigning the emotion of happiness to a stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25824
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bd6c61d78",
"name": "facial age recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of assigning an age to a stimulus based on evaluation of a face.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25825
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bd89d77c6",
"name": "facial attractiveness recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of evaluating the physical aesthetic of a face.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25826
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bda0c5dc3",
"name": "facial trustworthiness recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of evaluating the degree of trust based on the features or holistic representation of a face.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25827
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bde6b2e95",
"name": "facial recognition",
"definition_text": "identifying the existence of a face",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25828
},
{
"id": "trm_5595be14a57c5",
"name": "social inference",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25829
},
{
"id": "trm_559f0986182cc",
"name": "visual object maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping object information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25830
},
{
"id": "trm_559f09a5cdca9",
"name": "subjective food value",
"definition_text": "Subjective food value is used as term to indicate a food's worth, based on an individuals' current desires and needs (e.g., hunger). Subjective food value assessment is an intermediate step during food decision making. ",
"alias": "self-reported food pleasantness, self-reported food liking",
"ID(c)": 25831
},
{
"id": "trm_559f0a129c136",
"name": "response bias",
"definition_text": "A behavioral phenomena for which a participant in an experiment is biased to respond in a particular way.\r\n\r\n** Concepts in the Cognitive Atlas that are more behavioral in nature should be tagged as "behavioral phenomena"",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25832
},
{
"id": "trm_559f0a5b4cd36",
"name": "monetary reward prediction error",
"definition_text": "the difference between expected and received monetary reward",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25833
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b8b8e7870",
"name": "tone recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected tone stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25834
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b8e291dba",
"name": "auditory arithmetic processing",
"definition_text": "numerical calculations or derivation of numbers in response to an auditory input with discrete or continuous salience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25835
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b910b4b23",
"name": "right finger response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the right finger in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25836
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b92c1fd76",
"name": "left finger response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the left finger in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25837
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b952c1b4c",
"name": "right toe response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the right toe in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25838
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b96e77df6",
"name": "left toe response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the left toe in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25839
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b98b88f45",
"name": "tongue response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the tongue in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25840
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b9a666604",
"name": "working memory updating",
"definition_text": "WRITE DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25841
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b9d7c9435",
"name": "working memory maintenance",
"definition_text": "the active retention of information in a short-term memory store",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25842
},
{
"id": "trm_55c298bbe56d5",
"name": "high energy density food recognition",
"definition_text": "When a (familiar) food is encountered, an estimation of energy content and expected satiation is made based on an individual's earlier experiences and nutritional knowledge. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25843
},
{
"id": "trm_55c6f58e77fbe",
"name": "narrative comprehension",
"definition_text": "the process by which we understand stories, often presented through discourse-level language (written or spoken text)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25844
},
{
"id": "trm_55c6f87595b39",
"name": "face maintenance",
"definition_text": "WRITE DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25845
},
{
"id": "trm_55e1b27f5655e",
"name": "Surface dyslexia",
"definition_text": "surface dyslexia is a reading impairment, which can be acquired or developmental. It results from a deficit in the lexical route for word reading. As a result, the reader needs to rely on the sublexical for reading, reading by converting each letter or group of letters (grapheme) to a sound (phoneme). Surface dyslexia is characterised by slow reading (because reading via grapheme-to-phoneme conversion is slower than reading via the lexical route); it is also characterised by incorrect reading aloud of irregular words (such as talk, sure, none, and comb). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25846
},
{
"id": "trm_55ce70b20186b",
"name": "detection",
"definition_text": "to determine the presence of a stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25847
},
{
"id": "trm_55ce71c47f37b",
"name": "risk aversion",
"definition_text": "when exposed to uncertainty, behavior that attempts to reduce that uncertainty. \r\n\r\nBEHAVIORAL PHENOMENA",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25848
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef153d47bc0",
"name": "confidence judgment",
"definition_text": "Assessing the confidence or certainty of a decision",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25849
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef1fd2bc418",
"name": "visual string recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability to read (and understand) written strings of letters that do not follow the phonotactic rules of the language (which distinguishes it from visual word/pseudoword recognition)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25850
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef273a77a86",
"name": "auditory tone perception",
"definition_text": "the registration of an auditory tone",
"alias": "sound perception, tone perception",
"ID(c)": 25851
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef3ba010121",
"name": "vocal response execution",
"definition_text": "performance of an action in accordance with task demands, enacting a vocal behavior ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25852
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef687f48a9d",
"name": "auditory recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected sound stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25853
},
{
"id": "trm_5678a999f1c19",
"name": "numerical comparison",
"definition_text": "Mental comparison of numerical quantities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25854
},
{
"id": "trm_56798223b43b8",
"name": "decision uncertainty",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25855
},
{
"id": "trm_567982752ff4a",
"name": "decision under uncertainty",
"definition_text": "A decision in which the likelihood of possible outcomes is unknown or uncertain.",
"alias": "decision under ambiguity",
"ID(c)": 25856
},
{
"id": "trm_56798c5f25b0c",
"name": "context representation",
"definition_text": "The representation of features other than the primary stimulus that are relevant to a decision",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25857
},
{
"id": "trm_5679b0e9d8c20",
"name": "emotional enhancement",
"definition_text": "A process to increase or enhance the impact of an emotion on ones current conscious state or behavior.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25858
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a4dbdf127",
"name": "Motor Praxis",
"definition_text": "A measure of sensorimotor ability. Also, it was designed to familiarize the participant with the computer mouse used during most of the WebCNP tasks. During the MPraxis, the participant needs to move the computer mouse cursor over an ever-shrinking green box and click on it once each time it appears on a different location on the test-page. If participants canât complete the MPraxis, it is likely they wonât be able to complete any other WebCNP task.",
"alias": "Mpraxis, Mouse Practice",
"ID(c)": 25859
},
{
"id": "trm_58575b0d3c548",
"name": "processing speed",
"definition_text": "The general speed with which mental computations are performed. ",
"alias": "speed, mental speed, cognitive speed",
"ID(c)": 25860
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd9dcd78e5",
"name": "sound perception",
"definition_text": "Perception of (any kind of) sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25861
},
{
"id": "trm_586fda1743344",
"name": "voice perception",
"definition_text": "Perception of a voice sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25862
},
{
"id": "trm_58c80b824c51b",
"name": "social norm processing",
"definition_text": "Thinking about and making judgments on social norms, which are widely shared beliefs on appropriate behavior in a social situation, i.e. in a situation where others are present.\r\nNote that several other definitions of 'social norms' exist, for example in the context of economic decision games.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25863
},
{
"id": "trm_59cd0184eb2bf",
"name": "Chronesthesia",
"definition_text": "Chronesthesia is defined as a hypothetical ability that allows humans to be constantly aware of the past and the future.",
"alias": "Mental time travel",
"ID(c)": 25864
},
{
"id": "trm_59d184d09066b",
"name": "arousal (emotion)",
"definition_text": "The intensity of an emotion (as distinguished in the circumplex model from its valence)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25865
},
{
"id": "trm_59d184d0980bf",
"name": "arousal (physical)",
"definition_text": "Activation of physiological arousal systems involving the autonomic nervous system",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25866
},
{
"id": "trm_5a2852438fa35",
"name": "episodic future thinking",
"definition_text": "The capacity to imagine or simulate experiences that might occur in one's personal future \r\n\r\n(from Benoit, R.G., Schacter, D.L., & Szpunar, K.K. (2017). Episodic Future Thinking: Mechanisms and Functions. Current opinion in behavioral sciences, 17, 41-50)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25867
},
{
"id": "trm_5a285375c6a43",
"name": "prospection",
"definition_text": "the ability to represent what might happen in the future \r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25868
},
{
"id": "trm_5a285423171d9",
"name": "episodic simulation",
"definition_text": " the construction of a detailed mental representation of a specific autobiographical future event\r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25869
},
{
"id": "trm_5a285482e89c2",
"name": "episodic prediction",
"definition_text": "the estimation of the likelihood of, and/or oneâs reaction to a specific autobiographical future event\r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25870
},
{
"id": "trm_5a28604b01314",
"name": "episodic intention",
"definition_text": "the mental act of setting a goal in relation to a specific autobiographical future event\r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25871
},
{
"id": "trm_5a2860fa6b59e",
"name": "episodic planning",
"definition_text": "the identification and organization of steps needed to arrive at a specific autobiographical future event or outcome\r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25872
},
{
"id": "trm_P4qxFaMb6wiZ1",
"name": "meter",
"definition_text": "a regular pattern of strong and weak beats",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 42606
},
{
"id": "trm_zECbJhkrvMYDQ",
"name": "Naturalistic Biological Motion",
"definition_text": "Viewing dynamic scenes of biological motion (i.e. a movie of hands tying knots or a hand hammering a nail)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44671
},
{
"id": "trm_VeGoH5wNnyl4Q",
"name": "dynamic visual perception",
"definition_text": "Passive viewing of dynamic scenes (i.e. videos of landscapes, nature, or any movie)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44674
},
{
"id": "trm_EibcrcPYJ86gd",
"name": "Naturalistic Scenes",
"definition_text": "Passive viewing of naturalistic scenes (i.e. movies of landscapes and nature, cartoons, etc)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44676
},
{
"id": "trm_Ilz9RmdieE56K",
"name": "central fixation",
"definition_text": "Fixation on a central point",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44677
},
{
"id": "trm_BOD29Hs9qySTD",
"name": "Food cue reactivity",
"definition_text": "Brain response to food cues minus the response to non-food cues (often visual, but could also be olfactory) or an appropriate control cue (e.g. a a small amount of a tasteless control solution).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 47686
},
{
"id": "trm_jpDjcHLNr8Hko",
"name": "Self evaluation",
"definition_text": "participants evaluate how well several short trait descriptions fit the self.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 48693
},
{
"id": "trm_aFgzEYVgvyimF",
"name": "saccadic eye movement",
"definition_text": "quick, simultaneous movement of both eyes between two or more phases of fixation in the same direction (from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccade)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49698
},
{
"id": "trm_vK5imljyKMUAL",
"name": "self-reference effect",
"definition_text": "encoding of information or memory retrieval in reference to the self",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49699
},
{
"id": "trm_GfkAJLeHghfmp",
"name": "motivational salience",
"definition_text": "attention that propels an individual's behavior",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49702
},
{
"id": "trm_QehTtEcwPuRtK",
"name": "incentive salience",
"definition_text": "attention that confers desire to a rewarding stimulus",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49703
},
{
"id": "trm_om88i12KUeI1R",
"name": "aversive salience",
"definition_text": "attention that confers avoidance behavior to an unpleasant stimulus",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49704
},
{
"id": "trm_Vn5ZVrIz7GedN",
"name": "numerosity",
"definition_text": "non-symbolic number sense of percepts",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49705
},
{
"id": "trm_LDtOOxfCrEImf",
"name": "numerical cognition",
"definition_text": "set of cognitive processes pertaining to the assimilation, ascription and manipulation of numerical information",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49706
},
{
"id": "trm_LWGVPX20JubrD",
"name": "imagined pain",
"definition_text": "psychological-induced pain, i.e. pain in the absence of unpleasant stimulus",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49708
},
{
"id": "trm_MIl7ueSc43aen",
"name": "imagined physical pain",
"definition_text": "bodily pain caused by ideation of physical suffering",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49709
},
{
"id": "trm_AGb7jCLHtJ1sj",
"name": "imagined emotional pain",
"definition_text": "emotional pain caused by ideation of emotional distress",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49710
},
{
"id": "trm_NLuhZFq5jY7Cq",
"name": "temporal cognition",
"definition_text": "the processing of perceiving the flow-of-time and the temporal characteristics of world phenomena",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49711
},
{
"id": "trm_KcaEi0Mc9grrz",
"name": "time perception",
"definition_text": "subjective experience, or sense, of time, which is measured by someone's own perception of the duration of the indefinite and unfolding of events.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49712
},
{
"id": "trm_xMOwdL0Y58qYJ",
"name": "time orientation",
"definition_text": "organizing events in temporal categories of past, present and future",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49713
},
{
"id": "trm_M4nBW4V1iS71l",
"name": "cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction in the compass rose of a percept",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49714
},
{
"id": "trm_wrOXIUJWEWEYf",
"name": "visual scene perception",
"definition_text": "Perceiving visual input — typically of a real-world scene — that contains multiple elements in a spatial layout (e.g., may have multiple objects and object relations, with a foreground and a background).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49717
},
{
"id": "trm_OMciWXS7bNM11",
"name": "response alternatives",
"definition_text": "The process of responding to a choice of stimuli that changes on every trial.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49719
},
{
"id": "trm_yeQ7crXFocNza",
"name": "music perception",
"definition_text": "the conscious experience of discriminate music among all types of sensory stimuli.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52724
},
{
"id": "trm_hsrxov4azQ6nM",
"name": "music syntax",
"definition_text": "the combined processing of both low-level sound descriptors (such as loudness, timbre, pitch) and mid- plus high-level ones (like rythm, harmony, melody and genre).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52726
},
{
"id": "trm_utk2EAwtfI6x7",
"name": "music semantics",
"definition_text": "the processing of semantic retrieval from music",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52727
},
{
"id": "trm_jK0qVisychW39",
"name": "music cognition",
"definition_text": "the processing of mental functions on auditory encoding and emotion regulation that determines how music is experienced.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52728
},
{
"id": "trm_CN3u8GJWlTEUO",
"name": "temporal distance",
"definition_text": "the processing about inferring distance in time",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52730
},
{
"id": "trm_BkEqTepYc5hbf",
"name": "other-reference effect",
"definition_text": "encoding of information or memory retrieval in reference to other entity",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 53735
},
{
"id": "trm_YYKKwXb10F0XQ",
"name": "enumeration",
"definition_text": "the ability to report an amount of elements",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 53736
},
{
"id": "trm_K5YMl5L5H2Xjj",
"name": "north cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction of the compass rose defined as \"north\"",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54740
},
{
"id": "trm_QNIy3cChBO4cA",
"name": "south cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction of the compass rose defined as \"south\"",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54742
},
{
"id": "trm_OCCYobMYT2eky",
"name": "west cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction of the compass rose defined as \"west\"",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54744
},
{
"id": "trm_TDGJs2KaQIyc8",
"name": "east cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction of the compass rose defined as \"east\"",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54746
},
{
"id": "trm_lwnmyixYF0bNn",
"name": "cardinal orientation",
"definition_text": "positioning with respect to a specific cardinal axis of the compass rose",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54749
},
{
"id": "trm_izMVPVDOsJEkM",
"name": "west-east orientation",
"definition_text": "assessment of the west-east cardinal orientation",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54751
},
{
"id": "trm_0MvImupIHCn1e",
"name": "north-south orientation",
"definition_text": "assessment of the north-south cardinal orientation",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54753
},
{
"id": "trm_wTaB3Sl1dWvOW",
"name": "past time",
"definition_text": "mental construct relative to the no longer current",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54756
},
{
"id": "trm_dgZTWfjGK3RYq",
"name": "present time",
"definition_text": "mental construct relative to the existing or happening now",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54757
},
{
"id": "trm_XGQFZkDhrRRmm",
"name": "future time",
"definition_text": "mental construct relative to yet to come",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54758
},
{
"id": "trm_IatczRR1NRCb2",
"name": "cognitive distance",
"definition_text": "mental representation of an environmental distance",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54759
},
{
"id": "trm_MEjaEPF9qQveE",
"name": "temporal categorization",
"definition_text": "categorization of events in terms of past, present and future",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54760
},
{
"id": "trm_6NJi93UzFFKBj",
"name": "spatial distance",
"definition_text": "the processing about inferring distance in space",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54763
},
{
"id": "trm_BscVyjZu0vFu1",
"name": "near spatial distance",
"definition_text": "evaluative representation of an event near in space",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54764
},
{
"id": "trm_yFJ2nfBcwqdpZ",
"name": "far spatial distance",
"definition_text": "evaluative representation of an event far in space",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54765
},
{
"id": "trm_w3kwvBmlVXDsm",
"name": "near temporal distance",
"definition_text": "evaluative representation of an event near in time",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54766
},
{
"id": "trm_nDqGvtJMseYIJ",
"name": "far temporal distance",
"definition_text": "evaluative representation of an event far in time",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54767
},
{
"id": "trm_kYtw4QBOKCbsM",
"name": "biological motion",
"definition_text": "perception of the fluid motion of a biological agent",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56779
},
{
"id": "trm_5fjcydtc5dQY5",
"name": "visual shape recognition",
"definition_text": "is the ability to match, identify, and name a shape based on its visual display.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56787
},
{
"id": "trm_aCwrPX04WLjIH",
"name": "Monetary loss",
"definition_text": "is a perception of decreased economic values in possession as a result of one's decision.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56789
},
{
"id": "trm_ioHkrTU7owGjb",
"name": "visual sentence comprehension",
"definition_text": "ability to combine reading words into a meaningful sentence unit",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56790
},
{
"id": "trm_GefBol2cgYv34",
"name": "mentalization",
"definition_text": "the ability to understand the mental state, of oneself or others, that underlies overt behaviour.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56793
},
{
"id": "trm_6BXoIuFvTg9zF",
"name": "combinatorial semantics",
"definition_text": "ability to create a wide number of new meanings from a finite number of existing representations",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56795
},
{
"id": "trm_o8gXkYlb58RBV",
"name": "Mindset",
"definition_text": "A set of beliefs and dispositions people hold about themselves, their basic abilities and qualities, and the world around them.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57821
},
{
"id": "trm_mfw76CN2KbdFj",
"name": "flicker fusion threshold",
"definition_text": "the frequency for which a rapidly intermittent stimulus appears entirely steady for an observer ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57841
},
{
"id": "trm_t4oxJAwl1xRzQ",
"name": "temporal depth",
"definition_text": "The number of discrete and successive percepts within a single perceived frame of time.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57842
},
{
"id": "trm_X4cTmFq0qpgRI",
"name": "Thirst",
"definition_text": "from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirst:\r\nThirst is the craving for potable fluids, resulting in the basic instinct of animals to drink. It is an essential mechanism involved in fluid balance. It arises from a lack of fluids or an increase in the concentration of certain osmolites, such as sodium. If the water volume of the body falls below a certain threshold or the osmolite concentration becomes too high, structures in the brain detect changes in blood constituents and signal thirst.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57855
},
{
"id": "trm_BKfaKR4cv8MwD",
"name": "action-outcome learning",
"definition_text": "the association between a voluntary action and the perceived consequence",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57856
},
{
"id": "trm_H19qgUFFeZaLg",
"name": "pitch perception",
"definition_text": "the perceived fundamental frequency of a sound",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57864
},
{
"id": "trm_7s8F8orjDstDt",
"name": "beat perception",
"definition_text": "the ability to perceive temporal regularity in musical rhythm",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57865
},
{
"id": "trm_OogXjpJkhH7c3",
"name": "Grit",
"definition_text": "Passion and perseverance for long-term goals.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57873
},
{
"id": "trm_AU0Hu0wyHtKn4",
"name": "temporal discrimination",
"definition_text": "Recognition of relative differences between the durations of two or more comparable events, stimuli, and actions. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57876
},
{
"id": "trm_xJ2ikQmvjMzmI",
"name": "invariance",
"definition_text": "The tendency for an object's identity to remain consistent despite changes in properties or perspective; to maintain the perception and memory of an object's necessary features.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57878
},
{
"id": "trm_SbuNB0U1enr59",
"name": "principle of cohesion",
"definition_text": "(typically by an infant) two or more stationary surfaces are perceived to belong to the same individual object if and only if they are in contact with one another ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57879
},
{
"id": "trm_i2BpAh3lWxDby",
"name": "Attribution",
"definition_text": "The way individuals explain the causes of their experiences, behavior, and performance in a situation.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57886
},
{
"id": "trm_94lyXFzQH9ruD",
"name": "state consciousness",
"definition_text": "a mental state ascribed to dimensions of bodily arousal, awareness, and varying degrees of acuity in time perception",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57898
},
{
"id": "trm_HLeH7ee55sYqJ",
"name": "anaesthetised unresponsive",
"definition_text": "Subjects are unresponsive while receiving intravenous or inhaled anaesthetic agent",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57922
},
{
"id": "trm_MaWfLaH0xKHTK",
"name": "Pavlovian bias",
"definition_text": "Pavlovian bias (also called motivational bias) denotes that phenomenon that \r\n- reward-related cues (eliciting reward anticipation) invigorate action (lead to more active \"Go\" responses and speed up these Go responses)\r\n- punishment-related cues (eliciting punishment anticipation) suppress action (lead to less \"Go\" / more \"NoGo\" responses and slow down Go responses).\r\n\r\nThis phenomenon is often believed to arise based on asymmetric nature of the direct (\"Go\") and indirect (\"NoGo\") pathway in the basal ganglia (Frank, 2005, Collins & Frank, 2014). The direct pathway is assumed to \"gate\" / release actions, while the indirect pathway is believed to suppress/inhibit actions. The direct pathway features more dopamine D1 receptors (activated by high dopamine levels as in positive prediction errors elicited by rewards), while the indirect pathway features more dopamine D2/D3 receptors (activated by low dopamine levels as in negative prediction errors elicited by punishments). Hence, rewards should make the direct pathway more sensitive to input and thus facilitate action release, while punishments should make the indirect pathway more sensitive to input and thus facilitate action suppression.\r\n\r\nPavlovian biases are typically measured with the motivational go/nogo learning task.\r\nfMRI studies featuring this task having typically not found BOLD signal from the striatum/ basal ganglia to reflect reward vs. punishment anticipation (as predicted by the above basal ganglia model), but instead to reflect the executed response (Go vs. NoGo) (Guitart-Masip et al., 2011; Guitart-Masip, Huys et al., 2012; Guitart-Masip, Chowdhury et al., 2012; Moutoussis et al., 2018; Algermissen et al., 2021). Instead, cue valence (Win vs. Avoid) has been found to be encoded in vmPFC BOLD (positively) and ACC BOLD (negatively).\r\n\r\nPavlovian bias in behavior could arise from a response bias (i.e. reward/ punishment prospects biasing response selection), but also from biased action-outcome learning: A learning bias such that learning of Go responses after reward feedback is enhanced, while unlearning of NoGo responses after punishment feedback is attenuated, will also give rise to motivational biases (Swart et al., 2017, 2018; de Boer et al., 2019).\r\nPavlovian bias has been suggested as a response strategy in face of little control over the environment (Csifcsák et al., 2019; Dorfman & Gershman, 2019; Gershman et al., 2021).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57924
},
{
"id": "trm_vqA8b1BrA6U4V",
"name": "timing",
"definition_text": "knowledge of temporal order",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57954
},
{
"id": "trm_p77NrG4CTxmPS",
"name": "pitch discrimination",
"definition_text": "the ability to respond to pitch differences in the sound",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57974
},
{
"id": "trm_a4WdpQW5JYPH0",
"name": "delay discounting",
"definition_text": "Delay discounting is the decline in the present value of a reward with delay to its receipt",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57980
},
{
"id": "trm_4l7BDO8GJ3LdM",
"name": "Risk Taking",
"definition_text": "accepting a challenging task that simultaneously involves potential for failure as well as for accomplishment or personal benefit. It is often associated with creativity and taking calculated risks in the workplace or in educational settings.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58503
},
{
"id": "trm_0eeP5Xfft6ofk",
"name": "Awareness",
"definition_text": "perception or knowledge of something. Accurate reportability of something perceived or known is widely used as a behavioral index of conscious awareness. However, it is possible to be aware of something without being explicitly conscious of it (e.g., see blindsight)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58930
},
{
"id": "trm_Ba49klQ9ApNSg",
"name": "Risk Perception",
"definition_text": "an individual’s subjective assessment of the level of risk associated with a particular hazard (e.g., health threat). Risk perceptions vary according to factors such as past experiences, age, gender, and culture. For example, women tend to overestimate their risk of developing breast cancer. These exaggerated perceptions of risk may motivate people to seek genetic services, genetic testing, or prophylactic surgery. Also called perceived risk.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58931
},
{
"id": "trm_KhnMZaVYVHe43",
"name": "Transfer Data",
"definition_text": "Transferring QuickBooks to a new computer can seem like a daunting task, but with the right guidance, it can be a smooth and hassle-free process. Whether you're upgrading your hardware or switching to a different computer, it's essential to ensure that your financial data remains intact and accessible. In this article, we will provide you with a step-by-step guide on how to transfer QuickBooks to a new computer.\r\n\r\nNow, let's get into the step-by-step guide on how to transfer QuickBooks to a new computer:\r\n\r\nStep 1: Install QuickBooks on the New Computer\r\n\r\nInsert your QuickBooks installation CD or download the software from the official QuickBooks website.\r\n\r\nFollow the on-screen instructions to install QuickBooks on your new computer. When prompted, enter your product key.\r\n\r\nAfter installation, do not open QuickBooks yet.\r\n\r\nStep 2: Copy Your QuickBooks Data Files\r\n\r\nOn your old computer, locate your QuickBooks company files. These files usually have extensions like .QBW or .QBB.\r\n\r\nCopy these files to an external storage device, such as a USB drive, external hard drive, or cloud storage service.\r\n\r\nConnect the external storage device to your new computer.\r\n\r\nPaste the copied QuickBooks company files into a location on your new computer. The default location for these files is typically in the \"Documents\" or \"Public Documents\" folder.\r\n\r\nStep 3: Restore Your Backup\r\n\r\nOpen QuickBooks on your new computer.\r\n\r\nGo to the \"File\" menu and select \"Open or Restore Company.\"\r\n\r\nChoose \"Restore a backup copy\" and click \"Next.\"\r\n\r\nFollow the on-screen instructions to locate and select the backup file you copied to your new computer. This file will have a .QBB extension.\r\n\r\nComplete the restoration process by following the prompts.\r\n\r\nStep 4: Reactivate QuickBooks\r\n\r\nWhen you open QuickBooks on your new computer, you may be prompted to activate the software. Use your product key and follow the activation process.\r\n\r\nIf you encounter any issues with activation, contact QuickBooks support for assistance.\r\n\r\nStep 5: Verify Data and Settings\r\n\r\nAfter transferring your data, take some time to verify that all your financial data, settings, and preferences have been successfully transferred to the new computer.\r\n\r\nTest the software to ensure that everything is working as expected.\r\n\r\nhttps://www.askforaccounting.com/transfer-quickbooks-to-new-computer-be-it-mac-or-windows/",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58971
},
{
"id": "trm_N7MLgAsJBIbiQ",
"name": "trust",
"definition_text": "Trust means believing that another person will do what is expected. It brings with it a willingness for one party (the trustor) to become vulnerable to another party (the trustee), on the presumption that the trustee will act in ways that benefit the trustor (From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trust_(social_science)).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58976
},
{
"id": "trm_0wLVVlkHaAov9",
"name": "Reactive Control",
"definition_text": "During reactive mode, cognitive control is transiently activated only after the cognitively demanding event has occurred.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58986
},
{
"id": "trm_2gvDOFhX4ILY3",
"name": "Venturesomeness",
"definition_text": "Venturesomeness is defined as being conscious of the risk but acting anyway.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58988
},
{
"id": "trm_QlrVatUMhmg3s",
"name": "Behavioral Approach System",
"definition_text": "in reinforcement sensitivity theory, the physiological mechanism believed to control appetitive motivation. It is theorized to be sensitive to signals of reward, nonpunishment, and escape from punishment. Activity in this system causes the individual to begin (or to increase) movement toward goals. It has also been held that this system is responsible for the experience of positive feelings such as hope, elation, and happiness in response to these signals and that having a strong or chronically active BAS tends to result in extraversion. Also called behavioral activation system",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59048
},
{
"id": "trm_wzUYYp7Av6Unt",
"name": "Mindfulness",
"definition_text": "awareness of one’s internal states and surroundings. The concept has been applied to various therapeutic interventions—for example, mindfulness-based cognitive behavior therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction, and mindfulness meditation—to help people avoid destructive or automatic habits and responses by learning to observe their thoughts, emotions, and other present-moment experiences without judging or reacting to them.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59125
},
{
"id": "trm_30rzOgVoBsNqo",
"name": "Interpersonal Conflict",
"definition_text": "disagreement or discord between people with respect to goals, values, or attitudes.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59165
},
{
"id": "trm_Z1PwwmQJy6oB7",
"name": "Self-Efficacy",
"definition_text": "an individual’s subjective perception of his or her capability to perform in a given setting or to attain desired results, proposed by Albert Bandura as a primary determinant of emotional and motivational states and behavioral change.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59169
},
{
"id": "trm_H5TZwxrcaUSBI",
"name": "Coercion",
"definition_text": "the process of attempting to influence another person through the use of threats, punishment, force, direct pressure, and other negative forms of power.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59189
},
{
"id": "trm_f01v8jugwrqHl",
"name": "Demand",
"definition_text": "requirement or urgent need, particularly any internal or external condition that arouses a drive in an organism.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59220
},
{
"id": "trm_hwkommxKgvKas",
"name": "Coping",
"definition_text": "the use of cognitive and behavioral strategies to manage the demands of a situation when these are appraised as taxing or exceeding one’s resources or to reduce the negative emotions and conflict caused by stress.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59254
},
{
"id": "trm_v97yWIWghz10Z",
"name": "Behavioral Inibition System",
"definition_text": "in reinforcement sensitivity theory, the physiological mechanism believed to control aversive motivation. It is theorized to be sensitive to signals of punishment and nonreward. Activity in this system suppresses behavior that may lead to negative or painful outcomes and inhibits movement toward goals. It has also been held that this system is responsible for the experience of negative feelings such as fear, anxiety, frustration, and sadness in response to these signals and that having a strong or chronically active BIS tends to result in introversion",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59280
},
{
"id": "trm_7J8bZcxhab2mR",
"name": "Cognitive warfare ",
"definition_text": " the activities conducted in synchronization with other instruments of power, to affect attitudes and behaviours by manipulating , changing ,influencing, protecting, and/or disrupting individual and group cognitions to gain an advantage.Cognitive Warfare integrates cyber, information, psychological, and social engineering capabilities. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59301
},
{
"id": "trm_seBaaqL9E7Q1v",
"name": "reciprocity",
"definition_text": "Reciprocity, as a fundamental principle in social psychology, revolves around the concept that individuals tend to respond to the actions of others in a manner that mirrors the positive or negative nature of those actions. It involves a mutual exchange of behaviors and reactions, where individuals reciprocate the same type of behavior they have received from others[2] (Molm et al., 2007) (From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocity_(social_psychology)).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59306
},
{
"id": "trm_LoNlAQafora4r",
"name": "Mastery Orientation",
"definition_text": "an adaptive pattern of achievement behavior in which individuals enjoy and seek challenge, persist in the face of obstacles, and tend to view their failings as due to lack of effort or poor use of strategy rather than to lack of ability.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59327
},
{
"id": "trm_t3L0j7X6p66JK",
"name": "Physical Activity",
"definition_text": "any bodily movement produced by contraction of skeletal muscle that increases energy expenditure above the basal level.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59338
},
{
"id": "trm_cz5r7bGDpqiwn",
"name": "Cognitive warfare ",
"definition_text": " the activities conducted in synchronization with other instruments of power, to affect attitudes and behaviours by manipulating , changing ,influencing, protecting, and/or disrupting individual and group cognitions to gain an advantage.Cognitive Warfare integrates cyber, information, psychological, and social engineering capabilities. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59355
},
{
"id": "trm_2aZtye4tjHl4U",
"name": "anxiety sensitivity ",
"definition_text": "Anxiety Sensitivity (AS) is defined in terms of fear of anxiety-related sensations due to beliefs about what those sensations mean (Reiss et al., 1986)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59365
},
{
"id": "trm_pNo3F5h7B8Eg7",
"name": "Dyadic Effect",
"definition_text": "That part of the behavior of two interacting individuals that is the product of their particular interaction and that is distinct from the way in which each characteristically relates to others.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59400
},
{
"id": "trm_WoLBai9ycl8yE",
"name": "Interoceptive awareness",
"definition_text": "the ability to identify, access, understand, and respond appropriately to the patterns of internal signal",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59417
},
{
"id": "trm_s3yxeUMCHAo7j",
"name": "Marital Conflict",
"definition_text": "Open or latent antagonism between marriage partners. The nature and intensity of conflicts varies greatly, but studies indicate that the prime sources are often sexual disagreement, child-rearing differences, temperamental differences (particularly the tendency of one partner to dominate), and, to a lesser extent, religious differences, differences in values and interests, and disagreements over money management.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59438
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096be",
"name": "abductive reasoning",
"definition_text": "The process of adopting an explanatory hypothesis; inferring the cause A as a possible explanation for the consequence B.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25058
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096e3",
"name": "abstract analogy",
"definition_text": "high-level analogy that retains general information relevant to many specific instances",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25059
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096f0",
"name": "abstract knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge that is general and not tied to a specific instance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25060
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096fc",
"name": "acoustic coding",
"definition_text": "a type of short term memory coding that represents the acoustic properties of the signal",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25061
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09707",
"name": "acoustic encoding",
"definition_text": "the processing and encoding of auditory input for storage and later retrieval.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25062
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0971e",
"name": "acoustic processing",
"definition_text": "the extraction of information from signals propagated undersea, in the atmosphere, or in the solid earth in the presence of acoustic noise.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25064
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09735",
"name": "action",
"definition_text": "the bringing about of an alteration by force or through a natural agency; expression by means of attitude, voice, and gesture; a function of the body or one of its parts; an act of will; a thing done; the accomplishment of a thing usually over a period of time, in stages, or with the possibility of repetition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25065
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09741",
"name": "activation",
"definition_text": "the relative engagement of a particular mental representation compared to other representations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25066
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0974d",
"name": "activation level",
"definition_text": "quantity or amount of activation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25067
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09758",
"name": "adaptation",
"definition_text": "adjustment to environmental conditions; adjustment of a sense organ to the intensity or quality of stimulation; modification of an organism or its parts that makes it more fit for existence under the conditions of its environment. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25068
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09764",
"name": "adaptive control",
"definition_text": "modifying the control law used by a controller to cope with the fact that the parameters of the system being controlled are slowly time-varying or uncertain.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25069
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09770",
"name": "affect perception",
"definition_text": "The ability to understand a facial, vocal, or gestural behavior that serves as an indicator of emotion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25070
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0977b",
"name": "affect recognition",
"definition_text": "The ability to understand a physical expression that serves as an indicator of emotion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25071
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097b4",
"name": "altruism",
"definition_text": "helping others in the absence of an immediately obvious reward.",
"alias": "selflessness",
"ID(c)": 25072
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097bf",
"name": "altruistic motivation",
"definition_text": "A desire or need to help others driven by selflessness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25073
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097cb",
"name": "alveolar",
"definition_text": "speech sound articulated with the tip of the tongue touching or near the teethridge.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25074
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097d6",
"name": "amodal representation",
"definition_text": "The way the brain codes multiple inputs such as words and pictures to integrate and create a larger conceptual idea; independent of a particular modality",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25075
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097e2",
"name": "analog representation",
"definition_text": "a value or variable in analog form.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25076
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097ed",
"name": "analogical encoding",
"definition_text": "the structural comparison of a familiar with a novel situation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25077
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09804",
"name": "analogical problem solving",
"definition_text": "using principles or concepts from a well-understood situation to solve problems in a new domain or area",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25079
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09810",
"name": "analogical reasoning",
"definition_text": "a method of processing information that compares the similarities between new and understood concepts, then uses those similarities to gain understanding of the new concept; a form of inductive reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25080
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0981b",
"name": "analogical transfer",
"definition_text": "The transfer of knowledge from one situation to another by finding a set of one-to-one correspondences between aspects of one body of information and aspects of another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25081
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09827",
"name": "analogy",
"definition_text": "inference that if two or more things agree with one another in some respects they will probably agree in others; resemblance in some particulars between things otherwise unlike; correspondence between the members of pairs or sets of linguistic forms that serves as a basis for the creation of another form; correspondence in function between anatomical parts of different structure and origin.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25082
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09833",
"name": "anchoring",
"definition_text": "a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to rely too heavily, or "anchor," on one trait or piece of information when making decisions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25083
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09849",
"name": "anticipation",
"definition_text": "prior expectation of an event or occurrence, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction",
"alias": "intuition, foreknowledge, prescience, foresight, prediction, imaginative speculation",
"ID(c)": 25084
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09855",
"name": "apparent motion",
"definition_text": "The illusory perception that movement is occurring in one or more static images.",
"alias": "apparent movement",
"ID(c)": 25085
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0986c",
"name": "apperception",
"definition_text": "the process by which new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum of past experience of an individual to form a new whole.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25086
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09877",
"name": "appetitive motivation",
"definition_text": "behavior directed toward goals that are usually associated with positive hedonic processes. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25087
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09883",
"name": "arousal",
"definition_text": "Disambiguation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25088
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0988f",
"name": "articulation",
"definition_text": "the act of vocally producing an utterance or expression",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25089
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0989a",
"name": "articulatory planning",
"definition_text": "The action of coordinating complex tongue and mouth movements in order to produce sound. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25090
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098a6",
"name": "articulatory rehearsal",
"definition_text": "the process of subvocally repeating material that is to be stored in memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25091
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098b2",
"name": "assimilation",
"definition_text": "the process of receiving new facts or of responding to new situations in conformity with what is already available to consciousness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25092
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098bd",
"name": "association",
"definition_text": "the process of forming mental connections or bonds between sensations, ideas, or memories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25093
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098c9",
"name": "association learning",
"definition_text": "learning process in which two or more items or concepts become associated with each other; often used in relation to learned stimulus-response associations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25094
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098e0",
"name": "attachment",
"definition_text": "a social connection between individuals",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25095
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098eb",
"name": "attended channel",
"definition_text": "the particular input, out of two or more, that is consciously perceived due to attention. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25096
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098f7",
"name": "attended stimulus",
"definition_text": "the specific object in the environment on which attention is focused.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25097
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09902",
"name": "attention",
"definition_text": "used to describe any number of cognitive processes, organized as top-down or bottom-up, goal-directed or stimulus-driven, and more, but generally reflecting an interplay between cognitive and sensory systems.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25098
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0990e",
"name": "attention capacity",
"definition_text": "refers to the extent that one can allocate their processing resources.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25099
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09919",
"name": "attentional effort",
"definition_text": "a motivated activation of attention systems in order to stabilize or recover attentional performance in response to the detection of errors and reward loss or, more generally, deteriorating attentional performance; amount of attentional resources needed for a particular situation; engagement of attentional resources",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25100
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09925",
"name": "attentional resources",
"definition_text": "amount of available attentional capacity",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25101
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09930",
"name": "attentional state",
"definition_text": "referring to amount of attentional resources being engaged; a relaxed attentional state requires little attentional effort, whereas an alert, focused attentional state requires more",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25102
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09947",
"name": "attitude",
"definition_text": "a mental position with regard to a fact or state",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25103
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0995e",
"name": "audition",
"definition_text": "the sense or act of hearing.",
"alias": "auditory",
"ID(c)": 25105
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a3d",
"name": "auditory coding",
"definition_text": "processing and encoding of sound, words, and all other auditory input for storage and later retrieval. According to Baddeley, processing of auditory information is aided by the concept of the phonological loop, which allows input within our echoic memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25107
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a49",
"name": "auditory encoding",
"definition_text": "the process of storing auditory information in memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25108
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a61",
"name": "auditory grouping",
"definition_text": "joining disparate sounds together into one percept; assessing which acoustic streams belong together",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25110
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a6c",
"name": "auditory imagery",
"definition_text": "the subjective experience of hearing in the absence of auditory stimulation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25111
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a78",
"name": "auditory learning",
"definition_text": "learning of auditorily presented information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25112
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a8f",
"name": "auditory localization",
"definition_text": "a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25114
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a9b",
"name": "auditory masking",
"definition_text": "the perception of one sound is affected by the presence of another sound; presenting a sound to interfere with or terminate a target sound",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25115
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09aa7",
"name": "auditory memory",
"definition_text": "the cognitive capacity of storing and retrieving information related to sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25116
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ab2",
"name": "auditory perception",
"definition_text": "The ability to identify, interpret, and attach meaning to sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25117
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09abe",
"name": "auditory scene",
"definition_text": "auditory scene analysis is the process by which the human auditory system organizes sound into perceptually meaningful elements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25118
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09aca",
"name": "auditory scene analysis",
"definition_text": "the process by which the human auditory system organizes sound into perceptually meaningful elements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25119
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ad5",
"name": "auditory sentence comprehension",
"definition_text": "ability to combine auditory words into a meaningful sentence unit. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25120
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ae1",
"name": "auditory stream segregation",
"definition_text": "the perceptual grouping of sounds to form coherent representations of objects in the acoustic scene; a fundamental aspect of hearing and speech perception.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25121
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09aed",
"name": "auditory word comprehension",
"definition_text": "ability to parse acoustic signals into meaningful words",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25122
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09af8",
"name": "auditory word recognition",
"definition_text": "ability to recognize acoustically presented words",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25123
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b04",
"name": "auditory working memory",
"definition_text": "Working memory for auditory information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25124
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b10",
"name": "autobiographical memory",
"definition_text": "a memory system consisting of episodes recollected from an individualâs life, based on a combination of episodic (personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place) and semantic (general knowledge and facts about the world) memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25125
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b1c",
"name": "autobiographical recall",
"definition_text": "episodes recollected from an individualâs life, based on a combination of episodic (personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place) and semantic (general knowledge and facts about the world) memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25126
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b28",
"name": "automaticity",
"definition_text": "behavior performed without intention",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25127
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b33",
"name": "availability heuristic",
"definition_text": "A heuristic in which people predict the frequency of classes or the probability of events based on the ease with which relevant instances come to mind. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25128
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b3f",
"name": "aversive learning",
"definition_text": "behavior modification using an adverse stimulus in response to the inappropriate or undesirable behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25129
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b62",
"name": "backward chaining",
"definition_text": "an inference method used in automated theorem provers, proof assistants and other artificial intelligence applications. Backward chaining starts with a list of goals (or a hypothesis) and works backwards from the consequent to the antecedent to see if there is data available that will support any of these consequents.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25130
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b79",
"name": "behavioral inhibition",
"definition_text": "Disambiguation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25131
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b85",
"name": "belief",
"definition_text": "a state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing; conviction of the truth of some statement or the reality of some being or phenomenon especially when based on examination of evidence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25132
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b9c",
"name": "binocular convergence",
"definition_text": "when you look at an object that is closer than approximately 25 feet, your eyes must converge on the object to perceive it as a single object clearly in focus." ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25133
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bb3",
"name": "binocular disparity",
"definition_text": "the difference in image location of an object seen by the left and right eyes, resulting from the eyes' horizontal separation. The brain uses binocular disparity to extract depth information from the two-dimensional retinal images in stereopsis.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25134
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bbf",
"name": "binocular vision",
"definition_text": "is vision in which both eyes are used together. Having two eyes confers at least four advantages over having one. First, it gives a creature a spare eye in case one is damaged. Second, it gives a wider field of view. Third, it gives binocular summation in which the ability to detect faint objects is enhanced. Fourth it can give stereopsis in which parallax provided by the two eyes' different positions on the head give precise depth perception. Such binocular vision is usually accompanied by singleness of vision or binocular fusion, in which a single image is seen despite each eye's having its own image of any object. Other phenomena of binocular vision include utrocular discrimination, eye dominance, allelotropia, and binocular rivalry.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25135
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bcb",
"name": "bitterness",
"definition_text": "being or inducing the one of the four basic taste sensations that is peculiarly acrid, astringent, or disagreeable; marked by intensity or severity; marked by cynicism and rancor; intensely unpleasant especially in coldness or rawness; expressive of severe pain, grief, or regret.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25136
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09be2",
"name": "body orientation",
"definition_text": "perception of the orientation of the body overall relative to other objects in the environment",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25137
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bee",
"name": "capacity limitation",
"definition_text": "a limitation on the capacity to process information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25138
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bf9",
"name": "case based reasoning",
"definition_text": "the process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25139
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c05",
"name": "categorical clustering",
"definition_text": "the clustering of recalled items based on category membership",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25140
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c1c",
"name": "categorical perception",
"definition_text": "A form of perception in which the individual perceives a categorical distinction rather than a continuous scale of a varying perceptual feature. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25142
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c28",
"name": "categorization",
"definition_text": "The assignment of a stimulus to one of a set of categories",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25143
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c34",
"name": "category based induction",
"definition_text": "requires that information about one set of categories is used to infer something about another category. A set of premises establishes that one or more categories possess a certain property. The premises are followed by an assertion (the conclusion) that a target category also possesses that property. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25144
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c5b",
"name": "causal inference",
"definition_text": "The process of inferring that one state/object/event causes the occurrence of another state/object/event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25146
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c69",
"name": "central attention",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive process that allows one to focus on the most important and relevant train of thought that needs to be attended to in a specific situation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25147
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c74",
"name": "centration",
"definition_text": "the tendency to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25148
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c80",
"name": "chemonociception",
"definition_text": "perception of stimulation by noxious chemical agents",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25149
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c97",
"name": "chromatic contrast",
"definition_text": "When a small patch is surrounded by a color field, the patch appears to be tinted in the opponent color of the surrounding field.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25150
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ca3",
"name": "chunk",
"definition_text": "Structure in memory that is used as a unit of knowledge representation. Also refers to the process of learning by which these units are acquired.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25151
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d35",
"name": "cognitive development",
"definition_text": "the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25153
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d41",
"name": "cognitive dissonance",
"definition_text": "The mental state in which a person holds multiple conflicting ideas simultaneously",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25154
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d4d",
"name": "cognitive effort",
"definition_text": "Consciously or intentionally engaging cognitive resources in order to achieve a particular end.",
"alias": "mental effort",
"ID(c)": 25155
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d58",
"name": "cognitive heuristic",
"definition_text": "are simple, efficient rules, hard-coded by evolutionary processes or learned, which have been proposed to explain how people make decisions, come to judgments, and solve problems, typically when facing complex problems or incomplete information. These rules work well under most circumstances, but in certain cases lead to systematic errors or cognitive biases.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25156
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d64",
"name": "cognitive load",
"definition_text": "The amount of demand placed on working memory, typically expressed along some continuum and within a theoretical maximum.",
"alias": "cognitive effort, processing capacity",
"ID(c)": 25157
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d70",
"name": "cognitive map",
"definition_text": "a type of mental processing composed of a series of psychological transformations by which an individual can acquire, code, store, recall, and decode information about the relative locations and attributes of phenomena in their everyday or metaphorical spatial environment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25158
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d93",
"name": "color perception",
"definition_text": "The process of distinguishing objects based on the wavelengths of the light they reflect or emit.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25159
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d9e",
"name": "communication",
"definition_text": "a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25160
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09daa",
"name": "competition",
"definition_text": "the act or process of competing; active demand by two or more organisms or kinds of organisms for some environmental resource in short supply; a contest between rivals.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25161
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09db6",
"name": "concept",
"definition_text": "a cognitive unit of meaningâan abstract idea or a mental symbol sometimes defined as a "unit of knowledge," built from other units which act as a concept's characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25162
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dcd",
"name": "conceptual category",
"definition_text": "a way of organizing information, generally derived from experience; they can be part of a hierarchy, as in a taxonomy, or without, as in an alphabet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25164
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dd9",
"name": "conceptual coherence",
"definition_text": "combining a set concepts to make sense of a situation or set of situations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25165
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09de4",
"name": "conceptual planning",
"definition_text": "in linguistics, a flexible process of preparation pertaining to grammatical structure of clauses, occurring both before and during production thereof",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25166
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09df0",
"name": "conceptual skill",
"definition_text": "is the ability to form concepts about abstract and complex ideas such as communication, language, time, and money, for example.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25167
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dfc",
"name": "conceptualization",
"definition_text": "to form a concept of; to interpret.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25168
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e07",
"name": "conditional reasoning",
"definition_text": "the reasoner must draw a conclusion based on a conditional, or âifâ¦then,â proposition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25169
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e13",
"name": "conflict detection",
"definition_text": "arises in the presence of concurrently active, mutually exclusive representations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25170
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e1e",
"name": "conjunction search",
"definition_text": "the process of searching for a target that is not defined by any single unique visual feature, but by a combination of two or more features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25171
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e2a",
"name": "connotation",
"definition_text": "the suggesting of a meaning by a word apart from the thing it explicitly names or describes; something suggested by a word or thing; the signification of something; an essential property or group of properties of a thing named by a term in logic.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25172
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e58",
"name": "constancy",
"definition_text": "steadfastness of mind under duress; a state of being constant or unchanging.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25174
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e6f",
"name": "context",
"definition_text": "A set of interrelated conditions in which something exists or occurs (e.g., a style of language in a particular passage, activity of a given regions given sensory input).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25176
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e87",
"name": "context memory",
"definition_text": "refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are similar.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25178
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e93",
"name": "contextual knowledge",
"definition_text": "information, and/or skills that have particular meaning because of the conditions that form part of their description. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25179
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e9e",
"name": "contingency learning",
"definition_text": "Learning of the contingencies between different events",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25180
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09eaa",
"name": "contrastive stress",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25181
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09eb6",
"name": "conventionality",
"definition_text": "the quality, fact, or condition of being conventional; conventional behavior or act; a conventional form, usage, or rule. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25182
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ece",
"name": "convergent thinking",
"definition_text": "analytical, usually deductive, thinking in which ideas are examined for their logical validity or in which a set of rules is followed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25183
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09eda",
"name": "conversation",
"definition_text": "An exchange of sentiments, observations, opinions, or ideas.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25184
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ee6",
"name": "conversational skill",
"definition_text": "Ability to engage in appropriate communication of sentiments, observations, opinions, or ideas through dialogue.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25185
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ef0",
"name": "conversational speech",
"definition_text": "is interactive, more-or-less spontaneous, communication between two or more conversants. Interactivity occurs because contributions to a conversation are response reactions to what has previously been said. Spontaneity occurs because a conversation must proceed, to some extent, and in some way, unpredictably.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25186
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f07",
"name": "coordination",
"definition_text": "is the act of coordinating, making different people or things work together for a goal or effect. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25188
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f12",
"name": "coproduction",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25189
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f1e",
"name": "coreference",
"definition_text": "a relationship between two words or phrases in which both refer to the same person or thing and one stands as a linguistic antecedent of the other.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25190
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f36",
"name": "creative problem solving",
"definition_text": "the mental process of independently creating a solution to a problem without learned assistance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25192
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f42",
"name": "creative thinking",
"definition_text": "the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action (Scriven & Paul, 1992).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25193
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f4d",
"name": "critical period",
"definition_text": "a limited time in which an event can occur, usually to result in some kind of transformation; in developmental psychology and developmental biology, it is a time in the early stages of an organism's life during which it displays a heightened sensitivity to certain environmental stimuli, and develops in particular ways due to experiences at this time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25194
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f59",
"name": "crosstalk",
"definition_text": "interference by information presented via multiple channels",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25195
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f64",
"name": "crystallized intelligence",
"definition_text": "the ability to utilize previously acquired knowledge and experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25196
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f70",
"name": "cue dependent forgetting",
"definition_text": "is the failure to recall a memory due to missing stimuli or cues that were present at the time the memory was encoded.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25197
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f7c",
"name": "cue validity",
"definition_text": "the conditional probability that an object falls in a particular category given a particular feature or cue.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25198
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f87",
"name": "cueing",
"definition_text": "to give/present a stimulus that prompts a reaction.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25199
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a006",
"name": "dative shift",
"definition_text": "a grammatical process by which an oblique argument of a verb, usually one functioning as a recipient or a benefactive (roles often expressed by datives), is placed in the same grammatical role as a patient, increasing the valency of the verb and forming a clause with two objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25200
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a021",
"name": "decay of activation",
"definition_text": "An explanation for why spreading activation, in network-based models of knowledge representation, peters out as a function of the distance between nodes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25201
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a02c",
"name": "deception",
"definition_text": "an act to propagate beliefs that are not true, or not the whole truth (as in half-truths or omission).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25202
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a038",
"name": "decision making",
"definition_text": "The deliberate selection of a single alternative amongst multiple alternatives. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25203
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a044",
"name": "declarative knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge that is descriptive and includes knowing "that" rather than knowing "how" (can be expressed in declarative sentences).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25204
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a04f",
"name": "declarative memory",
"definition_text": "Memory for facts, and that can be intentionally articulated in some manner.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25205
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a05b",
"name": "declarative rule",
"definition_text": "A criterion for which one possesses declarative knowledge. Contrasts with an implicit or non-declarative rule, which one might follow but not represent as a rule or even be aware that they are following.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25206
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a066",
"name": "deductive inference",
"definition_text": "A type of inference in which the conclusion always follows from the stated premises.If the premises are true, then the conclusion is valid.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25207
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a07e",
"name": "deep processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluating a piece of information in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25209
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a08a",
"name": "deep structure",
"definition_text": "The essential meaning of a sentence, without regard to the grammatical features (surface structure) of the sentence that are needed to express it in words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25210
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a095",
"name": "depth cue",
"definition_text": "Depth perception arises from a variety of depth cues. These are typically classified into binocular cues that require input from both eyes and monocular cues that require the input from just one eye. Binocular cues include stereopsis, yielding depth from binocular vision through exploitation of parallax. Monocular cues include size: distant objects subtend smaller visual angles than near objects. A third class of cues requires synthetic integration of binocular and monocular cues.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25211
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0a1",
"name": "depth perception",
"definition_text": "Ability to perceive the visual world in three dimensions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25212
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0ad",
"name": "desire",
"definition_text": "to long or hope for, exhibit or feel desire for; to express a wish for.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25213
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0dc",
"name": "diphthong",
"definition_text": "a gliding monosyllabic speech sound (as the vowel combination at the end of toy) that starts at or near the articulatory position for one vowel and moves to or toward the position of another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25214
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0e7",
"name": "dispositions",
"definition_text": "Tendency to act in a particular manner given a certain set of antecedents. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25215
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0f3",
"name": "distraction",
"definition_text": "Any event that interrupts a mental process.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25216
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0ff",
"name": "distributed coding",
"definition_text": "A type of coding in which the information that constitutes a concept (or mental representation) is spread amongst a number of constituent representations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25217
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a10a",
"name": "divergent thinking",
"definition_text": "a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25218
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a116",
"name": "divided attention",
"definition_text": "A state in which the focus of attention is spread across more than one object or event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25219
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a12d",
"name": "dream",
"definition_text": "a succession of thoughts, images, sounds or emotions which the mind experiences during sleep.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25220
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a145",
"name": "efficiency",
"definition_text": "effective operation as measured by a comparison of production with cost (as in energy, time, money, or cortical activity)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25221
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a151",
"name": "effort",
"definition_text": "Consciously or intentionally engaging resources in order to achieve a particular end.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25222
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a15c",
"name": "effortful processing",
"definition_text": "learning or storing (encoding) that requires attention and effort.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25223
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a168",
"name": "egocentric",
"definition_text": "A frame of reference centered around the self. In perception, a first-person frame of reference.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25224
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a173",
"name": "elaborative processing",
"definition_text": "Processing in which semantic associations or relations between words/concepts are generated or elaborated on.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25225
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a17f",
"name": "emotion",
"definition_text": "a complex of psychological phenomena that involve some degree of arousal and valence (positive/negative)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25226
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a18b",
"name": "emotional decision making",
"definition_text": "The use of affective information as information in a decision making process or as a basis for making a decision. Hot cognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25227
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a196",
"name": "emotional expression",
"definition_text": "observable verbal and nonverbal behavior that communicates emotion with or without self-awareness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25228
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1a2",
"name": "emotional intelligence",
"definition_text": "the capacity, skill or ability to identify, assess, and manage the emotions of one's self, of others, and of groups.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25229
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1ae",
"name": "emotional memory",
"definition_text": "Emotional memory is the storage and recall of events and details that are couple with the physiological response that was present when the event occurred. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25230
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1b9",
"name": "emotional mimicry",
"definition_text": "is the ability of a person to imitate, copy, and experience the physical and emotional characteristics of another persons emotion. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25231
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1d1",
"name": "emotional suppression",
"definition_text": "A process to reduce or inhibit the impact of an emotion on ones current conscious state or behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25232
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1e8",
"name": "episodic learning",
"definition_text": "a change in behavior that occurs as a result of an event; episodic learning is so named because events are recorded into episodic memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25233
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1f4",
"name": "episodic memory",
"definition_text": "memory of autobiographical events (times, places, associated emotions, and other contextual knowledge) that can be explicitly stated.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25234
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a20c",
"name": "error detection",
"definition_text": "Processes that identify when an error has been made.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25235
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a218",
"name": "error signal",
"definition_text": "An event following error detection, in which a sign is relayed notifying the advent of an error.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25236
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a223",
"name": "error trapping",
"definition_text": "procedures that detect and correct errors before the errors cause further confusion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25237
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a22f",
"name": "excitation",
"definition_text": "a state of increased emotional arousal",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25238
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a25e",
"name": "expertise",
"definition_text": "Having a highly cultivated level of skill in a particular domain. Occurs after prolonged experience in a domain.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25239
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a269",
"name": "explicit knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge that can be articulated or expressed intentionally.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25240
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a275",
"name": "explicit learning",
"definition_text": "Acquisition of skills and/or knowledge actively and with awareness. Typically such learning is accompanied by meta-awareness - individuals can explain how they acquired the skill/knowledge.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25241
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a281",
"name": "explicit memory",
"definition_text": "the conscious, intentional recollection of previous experiences and information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25242
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a28c",
"name": "extrinsic motivation",
"definition_text": "motivated by external factors, as opposed to the internal drivers of intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation drives one to do things for tangible rewards or pressures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25243
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a300",
"name": "face perception",
"definition_text": "The processes by which faces are identified as such.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25244
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a30c",
"name": "face recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of determining whether a face is the same as another face that has been previously encountered.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25245
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a318",
"name": "facial expression",
"definition_text": "Movements and positions of the facial muscles that can be used as a form of nonverbal communication, particularly in conveying emotional states.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25246
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a323",
"name": "false memory",
"definition_text": "a memory that refers to an event that did not actually occur",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25247
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a32f",
"name": "feature extraction",
"definition_text": "Processes by which relevant aspects of a data stream are separated from irrelevant aspects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25248
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a33b",
"name": "feedback processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluative or corrective information about an action, event, or process delivered to the original or controlling source, often with the intent of modifying future actions.",
"alias": "feedback",
"ID(c)": 25249
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a352",
"name": "filtering",
"definition_text": "a device or process that removes from a signal some unwanted component or feature.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25250
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a35e",
"name": "fixation",
"definition_text": "Maintaining gaze or attention on some object or event. (Experimental design) A trial period in which a participant is instructed to direct attention toward a visual stimulus (often a cross).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25251
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a36a",
"name": "fixed action patterns",
"definition_text": "an instinctive behavioral sequence that is indivisible and runs to completion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25252
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a375",
"name": "fluid intelligence",
"definition_text": "a factor of general intelligence originally identified by Raymond Cattell; Cattell defined fluid intelligence as "â¦the ability to perceive relationships independent of previous specific practice or instruction concerning those relationships." Fluid intelligence is the ability to think and reason abstractly and solve problems. This ability is considered independent of learning, experience, and education.",
"alias": "fluid reasoning",
"ID(c)": 25253
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a381",
"name": "focus",
"definition_text": "The center of attention or concentration. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25254
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a38d",
"name": "focused attention",
"definition_text": "the ability to respond discretely to specific visual, auditory or tactile stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25255
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a398",
"name": "form perception",
"definition_text": "the sensory discrimination of a pattern, shape or outline.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25256
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3a4",
"name": "functional fixedness",
"definition_text": "a cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25257
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3d2",
"name": "gaze",
"definition_text": "The act of fixating the eyes onto a location. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25258
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3ea",
"name": "generalization",
"definition_text": "The act of transferring knowledge learned from one event to a novel event that is similar in some respect.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25259
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3f6",
"name": "generic knowledge",
"definition_text": "Generic knowledge is knowledge that is applicable not just to a single entity but to a class of entities. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25260
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a402",
"name": "gestalt",
"definition_text": "a collection of physical, biological, psychological or symbolic entities that creates a unified concept, configuration or pattern which is greater than the sum of its parts (of a character, personality, or being).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25261
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a419",
"name": "goal",
"definition_text": "The desired end-point of behavior(s).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25262
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a425",
"name": "goal formation",
"definition_text": "The processes that create and maintain representations of goal states.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25263
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a431",
"name": "goal maintenance",
"definition_text": "The maintenance of information regarding task goals in working memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25264
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a43c",
"name": "goal management",
"definition_text": "consists of the process of recognizing or inferring goals, abandoning no longer relevant goals, identifying and resolving conflicts among goals, and prioritizing goals consistently for optimal success.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25265
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a448",
"name": "goal state",
"definition_text": "A point reached when goal directed behavior has successfully concluded. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25266
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a460",
"name": "gustatory learning",
"definition_text": "The formation of a knowledge representation that contains information about gustatory percepts.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25267
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a46b",
"name": "gustatory memory",
"definition_text": "the cognitive capacity of storing and retrieving information related to taste. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25268
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a477",
"name": "gustatory perception",
"definition_text": "The processes involved with representing gustatory sensations as such.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25269
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a483",
"name": "habit",
"definition_text": "An acquired pattern of behavior that often occurs automatically and is reliably triggered by some event or stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25270
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a48e",
"name": "habit learning",
"definition_text": "The process of acquiring a habit",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25271
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a49a",
"name": "habit memory",
"definition_text": "the memory representation of a learned habit, generally thought to be represented as a stimulus-response association",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25272
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4b2",
"name": "hedonism",
"definition_text": "a school which argues that pleasure is the only intrinsic good, often used as a justification for evaluating actions in terms of how much pleasure and how little pain (i.e. suffering) they produce.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25274
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4be",
"name": "heuristic search",
"definition_text": "refers to experience-based techniques for problem solving, learning, and discovery. Heuristic methods are used to speed up the process of finding a good enough solution, where an exhaustive search is impractical. Examples of this method include using a "rule of thumb", an educated guess, an intuitive judgment, or common sense. In more precise terms, heuristics are strategies using readily accessible, though loosely applicable, information to control problem solving in human beings and machines",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25275
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4c9",
"name": "hill climbing",
"definition_text": "A fast but sometimes unreliable optimization method. When searching for the minimum/maximum value of a function a random step is taken; if the value improves it replaces the current value, then another random step is taken.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25276
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4e1",
"name": "humiliation",
"definition_text": "to reduce to a lower position in one's own eyes or others' eyes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25277
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4ed",
"name": "humor",
"definition_text": "the tendency of particular cognitive experiences to provoke laughter and provide amusement.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25278
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4f9",
"name": "iconic memory",
"definition_text": "very brief sensory memory of some visual stimuli, that occur in the form of mental pictures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25279
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a504",
"name": "imageability",
"definition_text": "is a property of a word or concept reflecting how easy or difficult it is to visually or acoustically imagine. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25280
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a510",
"name": "imagery",
"definition_text": "an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25281
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a51c",
"name": "implicit knowledge",
"definition_text": "knowledge that is kept in a personâs mind without necessarily being expressed in words and is often acted on instinctively.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25282
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a527",
"name": "implicit learning",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25283
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a533",
"name": "implicit memory",
"definition_text": "Type of memory in which experiences increases performance of task without one's conscious awareness of these previous experiences. This type of memory applies to habit learning, skills, conditioning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25284
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a53f",
"name": "imprinting",
"definition_text": "a rapid learning process that takes place early in the life of a social animal and establishes a behavior pattern (as recognition of and attraction to its own kind or a substitute).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25285
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a54b",
"name": "inattention",
"definition_text": "The failure to process an external stimulus (often refers to sensory stimuli).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25286
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a556",
"name": "incidental learning",
"definition_text": "Learning without explicit knowledge of doing so, but occurring through interaction with the environment (e.g., by observation/copying of behavior or response to reinforcement).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25287
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a562",
"name": "incubation",
"definition_text": "the process of thinking about a problem subconsciously while being involved in other activities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25288
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a56e",
"name": "indignation",
"definition_text": "anger aroused by something unjust, unworthy, or mean.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25289
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a579",
"name": "induction",
"definition_text": "reaching a conclusion from a set of premises that could, but do not necessarily, lead to it",
"alias": "inductive reasoning",
"ID(c)": 25290
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a5ed",
"name": "inference",
"definition_text": "the act of passing from one proposition, statement, or judgment considered as true to another whose truth is believed to follow from that of the former; the act of passing from statistical sample data to generalizations (as of the value of population parameters) usually with calculated degrees of certainty.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25292
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a613",
"name": "inhibition",
"definition_text": "The process by which a response or thought is suppressed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25293
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a61f",
"name": "inhibition of return",
"definition_text": "the phenomenon in which the speed and accuracy with which an object is detected are first briefly enhanced (for perhaps 100-300 milliseconds) after the object is attended, and then detection speed and accuracy are impaired (for perhaps 500-3000 milliseconds).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25294
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a62b",
"name": "insight",
"definition_text": "In problem solving, the moment at which an underlying relation between cause and effect is discovered/identified.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25295
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a637",
"name": "instinct",
"definition_text": "a natural or inherent aptitude, impulse, or capacity; a largely inheritable and unalterable tendency of an organism to make a complex and specific response to environmental stimuli without involving reason, behavior that is mediated by reactions below the conscious level.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25296
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a642",
"name": "instrumental conditioning",
"definition_text": "a learning process in which the consequences of an action are used to modify aspects of that action thereafter; these aspects include form and frequency (including the likelihood of reoccurrence at all).",
"alias": "instrumental learning, operant conditioning",
"ID(c)": 25297
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a64e",
"name": "instrumental learning",
"definition_text": "learning based on reward; a form of learning that takes place as a direct consequence of a reward or pleasant outcome for the learner.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25298
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a65a",
"name": "integration",
"definition_text": "coordination of mental processes into a normal effective personality or with the individual's environment",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25299
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a666",
"name": "intelligence",
"definition_text": "the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations; the skilled use of reason; the ability to apply knowledge to manipulate one's environment or to think abstractly as measured by objective criteria",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25300
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a67d",
"name": "intention",
"definition_text": "an act or instance of determining mentally upon some action or result; meaning or significance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25301
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a689",
"name": "intentional forgetting",
"definition_text": "the purposeful forgetting of information that is no longer needed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25302
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a695",
"name": "intentional learning",
"definition_text": "learning that is motivated with intention and is usually goal directed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25303
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6a1",
"name": "intentionality",
"definition_text": "the state of having or being formed by an intention; (philosophy) the property of being about or directed toward a subject, as inherent in conscious states, beliefs, or creations of the mind, such as sentences or books. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25304
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6ad",
"name": "interference",
"definition_text": "the disturbing effect of new information on the other information with which it is inconsistent",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25305
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6b9",
"name": "intermediate-term memory",
"definition_text": "a specialized term referring for information about a current task.",
"alias": "ITM",
"ID(c)": 25306
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6d0",
"name": "interrogative",
"definition_text": "of, pertaining to, or conveying a question.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25308
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6dc",
"name": "intonation",
"definition_text": "the ability to play or sing notes in tune; manner of utterance, specifically the rise and fall in pitch of the voice in speech.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25309
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6e8",
"name": "intrinsic motivation",
"definition_text": "a highly desired form of incentive that stems from a person's internal desire for self-satisfaction or pleasure in performing the task itself.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25310
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6f4",
"name": "introspection",
"definition_text": "the self-observation and reporting of conscious inner thoughts, desires and sensations. It is a conscious mental and usually purposive process relying on thinking, reasoning, and examining one's own thoughts, feelings.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25311
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a700",
"name": "involuntary attention",
"definition_text": "results when the conscious mind changes focus to sudden changes in the environment (big sound, intensity of light, unique situation etc.). The person is not prepared for the attention and the attention is not under control of the individual. The persons attention is less concerned with motives, interests, and needs and the stimulus is usually more important than any functional factors.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25312
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a70b",
"name": "irony",
"definition_text": "a situation, literary technique, or rhetorical device, in which there is an incongruity or discordance that goes strikingly beyond the most simple and evident meaning of words or actions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25313
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a723",
"name": "judgment",
"definition_text": "the process of forming an opinion or evaluation by discerning and comparing",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25314
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a73a",
"name": "kinesthesia",
"definition_text": "a sense mediated by receptors located in muscles, tendons, and joints and stimulated by bodily movements and tensions. ",
"alias": "kinaesthesia",
"ID(c)": 25316
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a746",
"name": "knowledge",
"definition_text": "information acquired and represented by a person through experience or education",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25317
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a769",
"name": "language",
"definition_text": "The mental ability to encode and decode information, and translate this information into verbal, acoustic and visual representations, according to a set of rules that are common across a population.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25318
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a775",
"name": "language comprehension",
"definition_text": "The ability to understand communication from others, such as speech, written text, gestures, or sign language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25319
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a781",
"name": "language learning",
"definition_text": "the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive, produce and use words to understand and communicate, this capacity involves the picking up of diverse capacities including syntax, phonetics, and an extensive vocabulary, the language might be vocal as with speech or manual as in sign.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25320
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a78d",
"name": "language production",
"definition_text": "is translating a concept or set of ideas into spoken, signed or written form",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25321
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7bb",
"name": "learning",
"definition_text": "The process of acquiring new skills/knowledge/information ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25322
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7c7",
"name": "lemma",
"definition_text": "an abstract form of a word before any phonological assignment, arising early in speech production",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25323
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7e0",
"name": "lexical retrieval",
"definition_text": "retrieval of a lexical entry",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25325
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7ec",
"name": "lexicon",
"definition_text": "The vocabulary of a language, including its words and expressions.",
"alias": "vocabulary",
"ID(c)": 25326
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7f8",
"name": "linguistic competence",
"definition_text": "a speaker's implicit, internalized knowledge of the rules of their language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25327
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a803",
"name": "listening",
"definition_text": "to pay attention to sound; to hear something with thoughtful attention, give consideration; to be alert to catch an expected sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25328
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a80f",
"name": "logic",
"definition_text": "a science that deals with the principles and criteria of validity of inference and demonstration; the science of the formal principles of reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25329
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a81b",
"name": "logical reasoning",
"definition_text": "The strategy when one uses deduction, induction, or abduction to evaluate preconditions and rules to determnie a conclusion. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25330
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a833",
"name": "long-term memory",
"definition_text": "a system for permanently storing, managing, and retrieving information for later use, items of information stored as long-term memory may be available for a lifetime.",
"alias": "LTM",
"ID(c)": 25331
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a83f",
"name": "loss aversion",
"definition_text": "The tendency of individuals to be more sensitive to the possibility of losing objects or money than they are to the possibility of gaining the same objects or amounts of money.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25332
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a84a",
"name": "lying",
"definition_text": "the expression of a falsehood",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25333
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a862",
"name": "mathematical reasoning",
"definition_text": "Reasoning about mathematical objects",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25334
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a86e",
"name": "meaning",
"definition_text": "the connotation of a word or phrase",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25335
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a87a",
"name": "mechanical reasoning",
"definition_text": "Reasoning about mechanical objects or functions",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25336
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a886",
"name": "melody",
"definition_text": "a linear succession of musical tones which is perceived as a single entity.",
"alias": "tune",
"ID(c)": 25337
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a8ed",
"name": "mental arithmetic",
"definition_text": "mathematical calculations done mentally, without writing them down.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25339
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a8fc",
"name": "mental imagery",
"definition_text": "is an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving (through any of the senses) of some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25340
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a908",
"name": "mental representation",
"definition_text": "a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25341
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a914",
"name": "mental rotation",
"definition_text": "Ability to rotate an object in one's mind; ability to make perceptual judgments on a new spatial configuration of an object.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25342
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a920",
"name": "metacognition",
"definition_text": "awareness or analysis of one's own learning or thinking processes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25343
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a937",
"name": "metaphor",
"definition_text": "a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25345
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a943",
"name": "misattribution",
"definition_text": "attributing an event to something with which it has no connection or association.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25346
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a94f",
"name": "monitoring",
"definition_text": "the act of checking for particular kinds of information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25347
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a95a",
"name": "mood",
"definition_text": "a conscious state of mind or predominant emotion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25348
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a972",
"name": "motor control",
"definition_text": "The function of supervising motor activities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25349
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a995",
"name": "motor learning",
"definition_text": "the process of improving motor skills, the smoothness and accuracy of movements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25350
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9ad",
"name": "motor program",
"definition_text": "abstract representation of a movement",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25352
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9b9",
"name": "motor sequence learning",
"definition_text": "The acquisition of knowledge regarding sequences of motor action",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25353
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9c4",
"name": "movement",
"definition_text": "change of place or position or posture",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25354
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9dc",
"name": "naming",
"definition_text": "the expression of the name of an object",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25355
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9e8",
"name": "narrative",
"definition_text": "a story that is created in a constructive format (as a work of writing, speech, poetry, prose, pictures, song, motion pictures, video games, theater or dance) that describes a sequence of fictional or non-fictional events.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25356
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa00",
"name": "navigation",
"definition_text": "The process of controlling the movement of a body/entity/vehicle through space from one point to another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25357
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa0c",
"name": "nociception",
"definition_text": "the processes of encoding and processing noxious stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25358
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa23",
"name": "nondeclarative knowledge",
"definition_text": "The nonconscious or implicit ability to express and practice learned information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25359
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa2f",
"name": "nondeclarative memory",
"definition_text": "Memory acquired through experience and which can not be consciously articulated (such as by recall or recognition). This type of memory includes priming, conditioning, skill-acquisition, and habits.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25360
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa47",
"name": "novelty detection",
"definition_text": "the identification of new or unknown information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25361
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa5e",
"name": "object categorization",
"definition_text": "the assignment of an object to a particular category",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25362
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa76",
"name": "object detection",
"definition_text": "deals with detecting instances of semantic objects of a certain class (such as humans, buildings, cars, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25364
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa8d",
"name": "object manipulation",
"definition_text": "is a form of dexterity play or performance in which one or more artists physically interact with props such as balls, hoops, rings, poi, staff, devil sticks, or clubs. Object manipulation can be considered an advanced combinatorial form of sports, dance, and games.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25365
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aaa4",
"name": "object perception",
"definition_text": "The process of transforming basic visual sensory input (such as contrast, edge, motion, color etc) into a more abstract and semantically identifiable whole.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25366
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aabc",
"name": "olfaction",
"definition_text": "the sense of smell; the act or process of smelling.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25368
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aac8",
"name": "olfactory perception",
"definition_text": "the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25369
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aad4",
"name": "orthographic lexicon",
"definition_text": "A set of representations of orthographic information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25370
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab42",
"name": "parsing",
"definition_text": "to resolve (as a sentence) into component parts of speech and describe them grammatically",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25371
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab59",
"name": "past tense",
"definition_text": "refers to a form of a verb that indicates that the action already has occurred ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25373
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab65",
"name": "pattern recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying a meaningful pattern in raw data.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25374
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab70",
"name": "pavlovian conditioning",
"definition_text": "a form of learning in which a stimulus (designated the "conditional stimulus" or CS and being one without inherent significance) is paired with an unconditional stimulus or US, so named because it is biologically significant (e.g. food, sex, drug, pain), until the participant responds to the former in a way that conveys its association of the two. Importantly, participant response may be different between the US and its paired CS.",
"alias": "classical conditioning, respondent conditioning",
"ID(c)": 25375
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab7c",
"name": "perception",
"definition_text": "the conscious experience or mental registration of a sensory stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25376
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abb6",
"name": "perceptual learning",
"definition_text": "long lasting improvement in performing perceptual (visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory or taste) tasks as a function of experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25381
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abc1",
"name": "perceptual similarity",
"definition_text": "Perceptual similarity is the subjective similarity between two stimuli as perceived by the observer. Thus, object A may be rated as more similar to object B than to object C despite a greater difference in some physical metric (such as height or width) between objects A and C than between objects A and B. This may differ across modalities: for example, two objects may be rated as more similar when seen than when touched. However, the physical, objective similarity between the two objects remains the same regardless of which modality is used to explore them.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25382
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abcd",
"name": "perceptual skill",
"definition_text": "The ability to observe and understand the events surrounding an individual.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25383
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac30",
"name": "performance monitoring",
"definition_text": "the online evaluation of one's performance on a task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25384
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac4a",
"name": "phonation",
"definition_text": "process by which the vocal folds produce certain sounds through quasi-periodic vibration; any oscillatory state of any part of the larynx that modifies the airstream.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25385
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac61",
"name": "phonological buffer",
"definition_text": "a passive storage device that is part of the articulatory rehearsal loop; serves as a part of the mechanisms ordinarily needed for hearing. In rehearsal, the buffer is loaded by means of subvocalization.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25386
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac7a",
"name": "phonological code",
"definition_text": "A representation of information using phonological features",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25387
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac93",
"name": "phonological retrieval",
"definition_text": "The retrieval of phonological representations based on other cues",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25389
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac9e",
"name": "phonological working memory",
"definition_text": "The process of maintaining sound information online for a limited amount of time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25390
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0acc1",
"name": "planning",
"definition_text": "formulation, evaluation and selection of a sequence of actions to achieve a desired goal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25391
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad12",
"name": "pragmatic inference",
"definition_text": "Inferences are made when a person (or machine) goes beyond available evidence to form a conclusion. A pragmatic inference (also known as an inductive inference) is one which is likely to be true because of the state of the world. Unlike deductive inferences, pragmatic (inductive) inferences do yield conclusions that increase the semantic information over and above that found in the initial premises. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25392
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad1d",
"name": "pragmatic knowledge",
"definition_text": "is how individuals communicate meaning and how they produce contextually appropriate utterances, sentences, or texts. Pragmatic knowledge includes sociolinguistic and functional knowledge. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25393
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad29",
"name": "pragmatic reasoning",
"definition_text": "Pragmatic reasoning is defined as the process of finding the intended meaning(s) of the given, and it is suggested that this amounts to the process of inferring the appropriate context(s) in which to interpret the given.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25394
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad41",
"name": "preattentive processing",
"definition_text": "background activity that necessarily precedes conscious mental activity; major purpose is the preparation of sensory input for use in focal-attentive processes including encoding of the basic properties of sensory input.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25395
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad64",
"name": "prejudice",
"definition_text": "preconceived judgment or opinion; an adverse opinion or leaning formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge; an irrational attitude of hostility directed against an individual, a group, a race, or their supposed characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25397
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad94",
"name": "primary memory",
"definition_text": "the temporary maintenance system for conscious processing of information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25398
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adab",
"name": "proactive interference",
"definition_text": "the forgetting of information due to interference from the traces of events or learning that occurred prior to the materials to be remembered; occurs when in any given context, past memories inhibit an individualâs full potential to retain new memories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25399
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adb7",
"name": "problem solving",
"definition_text": "Broadly, the mental processes involved in finding a solution to a problem.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25400
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adc3",
"name": "procedural knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge exercised in the performance of a task/activity. Its acquisition or structure is often unavailable to the actor.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25401
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adcf",
"name": "procedural learning",
"definition_text": "The acquisition of a skill or ability through practice which is not accessible to verbalization or conscious awareness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25402
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0addc",
"name": "procedural memory",
"definition_text": "memory for how to do things; procedural memories are automatically retrieved and utilized for the execution of the step-by-step procedures involved in both cognitive and motor skills.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25403
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ade8",
"name": "procedural rule",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25404
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adf4",
"name": "processing capacity",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25405
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae00",
"name": "processing stage",
"definition_text": "A subset of mental operations that are confined some feature space of information within a stream and/or hierarchy of mental operations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25406
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae17",
"name": "pronunciation",
"definition_text": "the way a word or a language is spoken, or the manner in which someone utters a word.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25407
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae2b",
"name": "proper noun",
"definition_text": "A subject that usually indicates a particular person, place, or object.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25408
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae3d",
"name": "proprioception",
"definition_text": "the sense of the relative position of neighboring parts of the body.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25409
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae58",
"name": "prosodic stress",
"definition_text": "the stress and intonation patterns of an utterance. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25410
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae64",
"name": "prosody",
"definition_text": "the rhythm, stress, and intonation of speech.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25411
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae70",
"name": "prospective memory",
"definition_text": "remembering to perform an intended action...prospective memory is self-initiated and does not operate directly on external stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25412
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae7b",
"name": "prospective planning",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25413
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae87",
"name": "prototype",
"definition_text": "A most common, standard or basic mental representation of some category.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25414
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aeb6",
"name": "reading",
"definition_text": "Decoding symbols to derive their meaning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25416
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aec1",
"name": "reasoning",
"definition_text": "drawing of inferences or conclusions through the use of reason.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25417
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aecd",
"name": "regret",
"definition_text": "an emotional response to remembrance of a past state, condition, or experience that one wishes had been different",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25418
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aed8",
"name": "relational learning",
"definition_text": "learning to differentiate among stimuli on the basis of relational properties (e.g., the larger of two stimuli) rather than absolute properties (e.g., the stimulus that has a given size).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25419
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aee4",
"name": "remote memory",
"definition_text": "memory for events of long ago as opposed to recent events.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25420
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aeef",
"name": "repressed memory",
"definition_text": "A memory (often traumatic) that is unavailable for recall.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25421
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af4c",
"name": "resource limit",
"definition_text": "the maximum amount of cognitive resources that can be allocated to various, often competing tasks",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25422
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af66",
"name": "response inhibition",
"definition_text": "Suppression of actions that are inappropriate in a given context and that interfere with goal-driven behavior.",
"alias": "motor inhibition",
"ID(c)": 25424
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af71",
"name": "response selection",
"definition_text": "The selection of one action from a limited set of possible actions.",
"alias": "action selection, motor execution",
"ID(c)": 25425
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afa0",
"name": "retrieval cue",
"definition_text": "An event or experience that facilitates retrieval of information from long-term memory because of its association to that information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25428
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afab",
"name": "retroactive interference",
"definition_text": "impeded retrieval and performance of previously learnt information due to newly acquired and practiced information.",
"alias": "retroactive inhibition",
"ID(c)": 25429
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afc3",
"name": "rhythm",
"definition_text": "Movement marked by the regulated succession of strong and weak elements, or of opposite or different conditions. While rhythm most commonly applies to sound, such as music and spoken language, it may also refer to visual presentation, as timed movement through space.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25430
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afda",
"name": "route knowledge",
"definition_text": "is represented as a series of directions to follow to get from one place to another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25432
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afe6",
"name": "routine",
"definition_text": "a regular course of procedure; habitual or mechanical performance of an established procedure; a reiterated speech or formula; a sequence of computer instructions for performing a particular task.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25433
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aff2",
"name": "rule",
"definition_text": "a method for performing a psychological operation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25434
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0affd",
"name": "rule learning",
"definition_text": "process in which a participant gradually acquires knowledge about a fixed but unstated standard that defines, for example, the acceptability of a response or membership of category",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25435
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b014",
"name": "sadness",
"definition_text": "an emotion characterized by feelings of unhappiness, disadvantage, loss, and helplessness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25436
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b020",
"name": "salience",
"definition_text": "a parameter of a stimulus that indexes its effectiveness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25437
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b02c",
"name": "schema",
"definition_text": "a structured representation that includes a particular organized way of perceiving and responding to a complex situation or set of stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25438
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b037",
"name": "search",
"definition_text": "to look into or over carefully or thoroughly in an effort to find or discover something; to look through or explore by inspecting possible places of concealment or investigating suspicious circumstances; to look at as if to discover or penetrate intention or nature; to uncover, find, or come to know by inquiry or scrutiny.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25439
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b043",
"name": "selective attention",
"definition_text": "When multiple external sensory inputs are present, the process of dedicating cognitive and perceptual resources to one type/set of input and attenuating receptiveness to other inputs.",
"alias": "controlled attention, directed attention",
"ID(c)": 25440
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b05e",
"name": "self monitoring",
"definition_text": "monitoring of one's own behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25441
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b077",
"name": "semantic knowledge",
"definition_text": "long-established knowledge about objects, facts, and word meanings.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25443
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b083",
"name": "semantic memory",
"definition_text": "refers to one's conceptual knowledge and includes the meanings of words, factual information about the world, and other information not related to specific events or episodes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25444
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b08f",
"name": "semantic working memory",
"definition_text": "Working memory for meaning",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25445
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b09a",
"name": "sensory memory",
"definition_text": "brief storage of sensory information in each of the senses, which temporarily holds material (e.g., a perceptual experience) for recoding into another memory (such as short-term memory) or for comprehension.",
"alias": "sensory-information store; sensory register",
"ID(c)": 25446
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0a6",
"name": "sequence learning",
"definition_text": "learning of a sequence of items or responses in the precise order of their presentation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25447
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0b1",
"name": "serial learning",
"definition_text": "The process of acquiring information in sequence and following an order that must be preserved at recall.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25448
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0bd",
"name": "serial processing",
"definition_text": "information processing in which only one sequence of processing operations is carried on at a time.",
"alias": "intermittent processing, sequential processing",
"ID(c)": 25449
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0c8",
"name": "serial search",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying a target within a set of candidate elements by testing the identity of each element against the identity of the sought after target one at a time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25450
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0df",
"name": "shallow processing",
"definition_text": "a mode of thinking in which one pays attention only to appearances and other superficial aspects of the material, typically leading to poor memory retention.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25451
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0eb",
"name": "shame",
"definition_text": "a painful emotion caused by consciousness of guilt, shortcoming, or impropriety; a condition of humiliating disgrace or disrepute; something that brings censure or reproach.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25452
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0f7",
"name": "short-term memory",
"definition_text": "A limited-capacity and short-lasting representation of information in the mind. The duration of short-term memory is on the order of seconds, while its capacity is on the order of 4 to 9 independent items.",
"alias": "STM",
"ID(c)": 25453
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b10e",
"name": "skepticism",
"definition_text": "an attitude of doubt or a disposition to incredulity either in general or toward a particular object.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25454
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b11a",
"name": "skill",
"definition_text": " Proficiency, facility, or dexterity that is acquired or developed through training or experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25455
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b125",
"name": "skill acquisition",
"definition_text": "The process of learning to perform a task or set of tasks with increasing facility. Typically implies the formation of procedural (as distinct from semantic or episodic) memories.",
"alias": "skill learning",
"ID(c)": 25456
},
{
"id": "trm_4fb3f4d58aeb0",
"name": "Gestalt grouping",
"definition_text": "the ways in which elements are perceived to be grouped together, most often described for auditory and visual perception, but may also be a factor for other modalities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25457
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b13d",
"name": "social cognition",
"definition_text": "the encoding, storage, retrieval, and processing, in the brain, of information relating to conspecifics, or members of the same species.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25458
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b148",
"name": "social context",
"definition_text": "the identical or similar social positions and social roles as a whole that influence the individuals of a group.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25459
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b154",
"name": "social intelligence",
"definition_text": "the ability to function successfully in interpersonal situations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25460
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b160",
"name": "somatosensation",
"definition_text": "the components of the central and peripheral nervous systems that receive and interpret sensory information from organs in the joints, ligaments, muscles, and skin. This system processes information about the length, degree of stretch, tension, and contraction of muscles; pain; temperature; pressure; and joint position.",
"alias": "somatosensory perception",
"ID(c)": 25461
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b18f",
"name": "source memory",
"definition_text": "the episodic source from which a specific item was acquired (e.g., from a person, a book, or television (Schacter, Kaszniak, Kihlstrom, & Valdiserri, 1991, p. 559).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25462
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b19b",
"name": "source monitoring",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying the the source or context at acquisition of information that has been stored in memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25463
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1a6",
"name": "spatial ability",
"definition_text": "skill in perceiving the visual world, transforming and modifying initial perceptions, and mentally recreating spatial aspects of one's visual experience without the relevant stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25464
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1b2",
"name": "spatial attention",
"definition_text": "The allocation or prioritization of mental resources based on spatial coordinates (with respect to the body, head etc).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25465
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1bd",
"name": "spatial cognition",
"definition_text": "the acquisition, organization, utilization, and revision of knowledge about spatial environments.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25466
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1d5",
"name": "spatial memory",
"definition_text": "the part of memory responsible for recording information about one's environment and its spatial orientation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25467
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1e0",
"name": "spatial working memory",
"definition_text": "The ability to maintain online information that relates to space. This process has limited capacity and its contents are not stored permanently.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25468
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1f7",
"name": "speech perception",
"definition_text": "the process by which the sounds of language are heard, interpreted and understood. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25469
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b238",
"name": "speech processing",
"definition_text": "the processing of speech signals",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25470
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b26d",
"name": "spreading activation",
"definition_text": "a method for searching associative networks, neural networks, or semantic networks; the search process is initiated by labeling a set of source nodes (e.g. concepts in a semantic network) with weights or "activation" and then iteratively propagating or "spreading" that activation out to other nodes linked to the source nodes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25472
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b279",
"name": "stereopsis",
"definition_text": "the process in visual perception leading to the sensation of depth from the two slightly different projections of the world onto the retinas of the two eyes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25473
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b285",
"name": "stereotypes",
"definition_text": "something conforming to a fixed or general pattern; a standardized mental picture that is held in common by members of a group and that represents an oversimplified opinion, prejudiced attitude, or uncritical judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25474
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b29c",
"name": "strategy",
"definition_text": "A plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25475
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2b4",
"name": "sublexical route",
"definition_text": "is a theoretical component of Coltheart's dual-route reading model that refers to using spelling-to-sound correspondences to convert a written word (i.e. orthography) into a spoken word (i.e. phonology). In other words, it is the route by which letters are linked to their sounds and the sounds are assembled into a whole word pronunciation. It complements the lexical route where the whole word is recognized and linked to its sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25477
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2fa",
"name": "supervisory attentional system",
"definition_text": "a loosely defined collection of brain processes that are responsible for planning, cognitive flexibility, abstract thinking, rule acquisition, initiating appropriate actions and inhibiting inappropriate actions, and selecting relevant sensory information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25479
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b306",
"name": "surprise",
"definition_text": "a brief emotional state that is the result of experiencing an unexpected relevant event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25480
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b311",
"name": "sustained attention",
"definition_text": "the ability to maintain a consistent behavioral response during continuous and repetitive activity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25481
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b340",
"name": "syntactic parsing",
"definition_text": "the way that human beings, rather than computers, analyze a sentence or phrase (in spoken language or text) in terms of grammatical constituents, identifying the parts of speech, syntactic relations, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25482
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b34b",
"name": "syntactic processing",
"definition_text": "processing of the structural and grammatical aspects of language",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25483
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b357",
"name": "syntax",
"definition_text": "the processing of elements (e.g. linguistic elements, like words) that are grouped to form constituents in a connected or orderly manner (e.g. phrases or clauses), implying an harmonious arrangement of such elements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25484
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b363",
"name": "taste aversion",
"definition_text": "occurs when the taste of a certain food is associated with symptoms caused by a toxic, spoiled, or poisonous substance; generally caused after ingestion of the food causes nausea, sickness, or vomiting. The ability to develop a taste aversion is considered an adaptive trait or survival mechanism that trains the body to avoid poisonous substances (e.g., poisonous berries) before they can cause harm.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25485
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b37a",
"name": "text comprehension",
"definition_text": "Intentional thinking during which meaning is constructed through interactions between text and reader.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25486
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b386",
"name": "text processing",
"definition_text": "The handling of alphabetic characters",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25487
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b392",
"name": "theory of mind",
"definition_text": "the ability for a person to connect emotional states to themselves and others and understand that other people may have different beliefs, desires, or intentions from one's self. It is intimately connected with the development of a person's ability to analyze and interpret the intentions of others.",
"alias": "mentalizing",
"ID(c)": 25488
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b39d",
"name": "thermosensation",
"definition_text": "the sensory perception of thermal stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25489
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3cb",
"name": "top down processing",
"definition_text": "perceptions formed by starting with the larger concept or idea, then working down to the finer details of that concept or idea.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25490
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3ef",
"name": "traumatic memory",
"definition_text": "A type of memory results from trauma experience, such as a natural disaster or violent events.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25491
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3fa",
"name": "uncertainty",
"definition_text": "the lack of knowledge regarding the likelihood of potential outcomes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25492
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b406",
"name": "unconscious process",
"definition_text": "a mental process that you are not directly aware of.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25493
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b412",
"name": "utility",
"definition_text": "a measure of the subjective worth of an outcome.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25494
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b429",
"name": "valence",
"definition_text": "the degree of attractiveness an individual, activity, or thing possesses as a behavioral goal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25495
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b44c",
"name": "verbal fluency",
"definition_text": "the ability to rapidly access your mental vocabulary while talking or writing.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25496
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b457",
"name": "verbal memory",
"definition_text": "Recall based on spoken words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25497
},
{
"id": "trm_4fb2c38960950",
"name": "optical illusion",
"definition_text": "A phenomenon in which what is visually perceived does not reflect the nature of the objective stimulus.",
"alias": "visual illusion",
"ID(c)": 25498
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b46f",
"name": "visual attention",
"definition_text": "two-stage process in which attention is distributed uniformly over the external visual scene and processing of information is performed in parallel, attention is then concentrated to a specific area of the visual scene (i.e. it is focused), and processing is performed in a serial fashion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25499
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b47b",
"name": "visual buffer",
"definition_text": "a short-term memory store for visual information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25500
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b492",
"name": "visual masking",
"definition_text": "the reduction or elimination of the visibility of a brief a target stimulus by the presentation of a second stimulus (the mask) contiguous in space and/or time",
"alias": "masking",
"ID(c)": 25502
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b49e",
"name": "visual memory",
"definition_text": "a part of memory preserving some characteristics of our senses pertaining to visual experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25503
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4a9",
"name": "visual object recognition",
"definition_text": "is the process of identifying an object based on its visual attributes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25504
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4b5",
"name": "visual perception",
"definition_text": "Visual perception is the ability to interpret the surrounding environment by processing information that is contained in visible light. The resulting perception is also known as eyesight, sight, or vision.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25505
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4c1",
"name": "visual representation",
"definition_text": "An internal representation of visual information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25506
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4cd",
"name": "visual search",
"definition_text": "orienting for targets in an array or a natural scene, through both covert and overt shifts in attention; this is different from the visual search task in that it refers to a general phenomenon and not to a paradigm.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25507
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4d8",
"name": "visual working memory",
"definition_text": "The ability to maintain visual information online for a limited time interval (~ 4 sec). This information is not stored permanently.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25508
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b507",
"name": "visuospatial sketch pad",
"definition_text": "The cognitive construct and mental process of temporarily storing visual and spatial information for online use in operations of working memory (c.f., Alan Baddeley) . ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25509
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b530",
"name": "wisdom",
"definition_text": "accumulated philosophic or scientific learning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25510
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b548",
"name": "word comprehension",
"definition_text": "the ability to understand the meaning of words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25511
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b55f",
"name": "word generation",
"definition_text": "The cognitive process of producing words on ones own term instead of extracting them from an outside source. ",
"alias": "word production",
"ID(c)": 25512
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b56b",
"name": "word order",
"definition_text": "is the sequence of the syntactic constituents of a language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25513
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b583",
"name": "word pronunciation",
"definition_text": "is the act or result of producing the sounds of speech, including articulation, stress, and intonation, often with reference to some standard of correctness or acceptability.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25514
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b58f",
"name": "word recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability of a reader to recognize words correctly and virtually effortlessly.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25515
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b59b",
"name": "word repetition",
"definition_text": "Overt pronounciation of auditorily presented words",
"alias": "overt repetition",
"ID(c)": 25516
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5c0",
"name": "action initiation",
"definition_text": "the facilitation or initiation of an act",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25518
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5d7",
"name": "attention shift",
"definition_text": "The change that occurs when information that is currently active in the mind is replaced by other information. The information content is typically sensory in nature.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25519
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5e3",
"name": "attention span",
"definition_text": "Amount of time or space that an individual can dedicate to particular task or content without becoming distracted.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25520
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5ef",
"name": "attentional focusing",
"definition_text": "The ability to focus attention on cues in the environment that are relevant to the task in hand; can also include suppression of distracting stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25521
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5fb",
"name": "attention shifting",
"definition_text": "The process by which information that is currently relevant in the mind is replaced by other information. This information is typically sensory in nature but may also be semantic.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25522
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b607",
"name": "set shifting",
"definition_text": "disengagement of an irrelevant task set and subsequent engagement of a relevant task set despite interference and/or priming",
"alias": "mental set shifting, task set reconfiguration",
"ID(c)": 25523
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b613",
"name": "task switching",
"definition_text": "The process of switching from one task or goal to another, depending on the context or instructions, that is, the process of switching between task sets.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25524
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b61f",
"name": "decision",
"definition_text": "The outcome of a process during which a choice is made, usually between several possible options",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25525
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b642",
"name": "risk aversion",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25527
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b65a",
"name": "emotion perception",
"definition_text": "The process involving understanding feelings with different valences of oneself or of others",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25529
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b665",
"name": "emotion recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of assigning an emotion to one of the discrete categories of emotion available in a particular culture.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25530
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b67d",
"name": "empathy",
"definition_text": "The act of understanding, being aware of, being sensitive to, and or experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of another. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25532
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b689",
"name": "fear",
"definition_text": "A state of high negative emotional arousal triggered by an impending threat (real or imaginary) and generally associated with the flight or fight response. Fear is the activation of the brainâs defensive motivational system to promote behaviors that protect the organism from perceived danger. Normal fear involves a pattern of adaptive responses to conditioned or unconditioned threat stimuli (exteroceptive or interoceptive). Fear can involve internal representations and cognitive processing, and can be modulated by a variety of factors.",
"alias": "acute threat",
"ID(c)": 25533
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b695",
"name": "frustration",
"definition_text": "a deep chronic sense or state of insecurity and dissatisfaction arising from unresolved problems or unfulfilled needs.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25534
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6a1",
"name": "grief",
"definition_text": "deep and poignant distress caused by or as if by bereavement.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25535
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6ad",
"name": "happiness",
"definition_text": "a state of mind or feeling characterized by contentment, love, satisfaction, pleasure, or joy.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25536
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6c5",
"name": "discourse",
"definition_text": "the capacity of orderly thought or procedure, verbal interchange of ideas; formal and orderly and usually extended expression of thought on a subject, connected speech or writing, linguistic unit larger than a sentence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25537
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6d1",
"name": "discourse comprehension",
"definition_text": "Discourse comprehension is the act of interpreting a written or spoken message by integrating the incoming information into the memory or knowledge structures of the interpreter.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25538
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b76e",
"name": "grapheme",
"definition_text": "a unit (as a letter or digraph) of a writing system; the set of units of a writing system (as letters and letter combinations) that represent a phoneme.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25544
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b779",
"name": "graphemic buffer",
"definition_text": "a component dedicated to the temporary storage of abstract orthographic representations prior to their format-specific expression in spelling and/or reading.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25545
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b7b5",
"name": "illocutionary force",
"definition_text": "a speaker's intention in delivering an utterance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25546
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b7f4",
"name": "language acquisition",
"definition_text": "the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive, produce and use words to understand and communicate.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25547
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b802",
"name": "language processing",
"definition_text": "the way human beings process speech or writing and understand it as language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25548
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b80f",
"name": "lexical access",
"definition_text": "the process by which contact is made with the lexicon on the basis of an initial acoustic-phonetic or phonological representation of some portion of the speech input, the result of lexical success is a cohort of potential word candidates which are compatible with this initial analysis.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25549
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b81b",
"name": "lexical ambiguity",
"definition_text": "the presence of two or more possible meanings within a single word.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25550
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b826",
"name": "lexical processing",
"definition_text": "A general term referring to the processing of single words, typically in the context of visual or auditory word recognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25551
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b832",
"name": "morphological processing",
"definition_text": "is how the brain registers the patterns of word formation in a particular language, including inflection, derivation, and composition. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25552
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b83e",
"name": "morphology",
"definition_text": "the structure and content of word forms",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25553
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b862",
"name": "phonetics",
"definition_text": "the system of speech sounds of a language or group of languages; the study and systematic classification of the sounds made in spoken utterance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25555
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b87a",
"name": "semantic processing",
"definition_text": "the cognitive processing of extracting meaning from any form of language (e.g. human language, programming language) as well as formal logics and semiotics",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25556
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b892",
"name": "sentence comprehension",
"definition_text": "takes place whenever a reader or listener processes a language utterance, either in isolation or in the context of a conversation or a text.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25557
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8aa",
"name": "sentence production",
"definition_text": "The creation and/or utterance of a sentence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25559
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8b5",
"name": "active recall",
"definition_text": "a principle of efficient learning, which claims the need to actively stimulate memory during the learning process.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25560
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8cd",
"name": "consolidation",
"definition_text": "the process by which a representation becomes stabilized",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25562
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8d9",
"name": "elaborative rehearsal",
"definition_text": "a type of rehearsal proposed by Craik and Lockhart (1972) in their Levels of Processing model of memory. Elaborative rehearsal involves deep semantic processing of a to-be-remembered item resulting in the production of durable memories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25563
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8e5",
"name": "encoding",
"definition_text": "The process of creating a new memory trace.",
"alias": "memory encoding",
"ID(c)": 25564
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8f0",
"name": "episodic buffer",
"definition_text": "A theoretical construct that is part of Alan Baddeley's working memory model and the object of which is to integrate information across sensory domains and communicate with long term memory in the service of working memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25565
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8fc",
"name": "familiarity",
"definition_text": "A quality of memory that is associated with a feeling of knowing that an event has previously occurred, but often not including enough contextual or episodic details sufficient for claiming actual remembering of the event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25566
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b908",
"name": "forgetting",
"definition_text": "The loss of or inability to retrieve a memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25567
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b920",
"name": "memory consolidation",
"definition_text": "a category of processes that stabilize a memory trace after the initial acquisition. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25569
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b92c",
"name": "memory decay",
"definition_text": "the loss of memory over time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25570
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b938",
"name": "memory storage",
"definition_text": "The representation of information in the brain in a form that enables potential retrieval at a later time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25571
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b943",
"name": "memory trace",
"definition_text": "A residual, and often decayed, neural representation of previous knowledge or experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25572
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b94f",
"name": "metamemory",
"definition_text": "subjective awareness of and knowledge about memory, and strategies for its effective access and application; includes: awareness of memory contents, different and appropriate memory strategies for particular tasks, and how to use a given memory strategy most effectively.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25573
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b95b",
"name": "recall",
"definition_text": "The process of retrieving previously stored information, done without the aid of external cues.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25574
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b967",
"name": "recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25575
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b972",
"name": "reconsolidation",
"definition_text": "the process of previously consolidated memories being recalled and actively consolidated, it is a distinct process that serves to maintain, strengthen and modify memories that are already stored in the long-term memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25576
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b98a",
"name": "acuity",
"definition_text": "accuracy of perception. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25577
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b996",
"name": "echolocation",
"definition_text": "the general method of locating objects by determining the time for an echo to return and the direction from which it returns, used by some animals",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25578
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9a1",
"name": "edge detection",
"definition_text": "a fundamental tool in image processing and computer vision, particularly in the areas of feature detection and feature extraction, which aim at identifying points in a digital image at which the image brightness changes sharply or more formally has discontinuities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25579
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9ad",
"name": "feature detection",
"definition_text": "a process of recognizing specific aspects of a stimulus, such as lines, edges, angle, or movement. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25580
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9d1",
"name": "figure ground reversal",
"definition_text": "Occurs in certain visual illusions (e.g., Vases and Faces or "Rubin's Vase") in which there are multiple valid figure-ground segmentations that can be selected depending on an observer's interpretation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25581
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9dd",
"name": "figure ground segregation",
"definition_text": "Discriminating objects from their surroundings by the visual system.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25582
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9e9",
"name": "gustation processing",
"definition_text": "Form of chemoreception that facilitates taste perception.",
"alias": "gustation",
"ID(c)": 25583
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba01",
"name": "memory retrieval",
"definition_text": "the process of accessing a stored memory",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25584
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba0d",
"name": "active maintenance",
"definition_text": "The maintenance of information in working memory through active (volitional) rather than passive means",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25585
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba19",
"name": "articulatory loop",
"definition_text": "one of the subsystems postulated in Alan Baddeleyâs multicomponent model of WORKING MEMORY, specialized for the temporary storage of verbal information. It consists of a phonological store and an articulatory rehearsal process. The phonological store can hold speech-based information, subject to a rapid decay. The articulatory rehearsal process can refresh the decaying representation by reading it off and feeding it back to the store. It also serves to convert visually presented information (such as written words) into phonological codes and register them into the phonological store. ",
"alias": "phonological loop",
"ID(c)": 25586
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba25",
"name": "central executive",
"definition_text": "Theoretical 'top-down' cognitive system responsible for the management of executive functions including planning, working memory, attention, problem solving, reasoning, inhibition, multi-tasking, and the initiation and monitoring of actions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25587
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba30",
"name": "maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25588
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba3c",
"name": "manipulation",
"definition_text": "performance of operations upon information held in working memory",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25589
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba48",
"name": "phonological loop",
"definition_text": "deals with sound or phonological information and consists of two parts: a short-term phonological store with auditory memory traces that are subject to rapid decay and an articulatory rehearsal component that can revive the memory traces. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25590
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba54",
"name": "rehearsal",
"definition_text": "The repetition of information in an attempt to maintain it longer in memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25591
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba60",
"name": "rehearsal loop",
"definition_text": "or phonological loop, also called the phonetic loop or the articulatory loop, is the part of working memory that rehearses verbal information. It consists of two parts: a short-term phonological store with auditory memory traces that are subject to rapid decay and an articulatory rehearsal component that can revive the memory traces.The first component is a phonological memory store which can hold traces of acoustic or speech based material. Material in this short term store lasts about two seconds unless it is maintained through the use of the second subcomponent, articulatory subvocal rehearsal. Prevention of articulatory rehearsal results in very rapid forgetting (a process known as decay). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25592
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba6c",
"name": "working memory retrieval",
"definition_text": "The process of accessing information that is maintained in working memory; the sub-process by which the contents of working memory are accessed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25593
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba77",
"name": "working memory storage",
"definition_text": "The maintenance of information of working memory; a sub-component of working memory that allows for contents of working memory to be retained.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25594
},
{
"id": "trm_4a7b128b8b2d0",
"name": "test term",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25595
},
{
"id": "trm_4aae62e4ad209",
"name": "cognitive control",
"definition_text": "The top-down modulation of cognitive processes based on higher-order representations such as goals or plans.",
"alias": "executive control, executive function",
"ID(c)": 25596
},
{
"id": "trm_4b185801de7a1",
"name": "echoic memory",
"definition_text": "refers to the phenomenon in which there is a brief mental echo that continues to sound after an auditory stimulus has been heard.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25597
},
{
"id": "trm_4b6525253c63f",
"name": "reward processing",
"definition_text": "A positive return for performance of a specific behavior.",
"alias": "reinforcement, reward",
"ID(c)": 25598
},
{
"id": "trm_4b65259eeee34",
"name": "pain",
"definition_text": "An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25599
},
{
"id": "trm_4b75ed06c917d",
"name": "joint attention",
"definition_text": "the process of alerting one person to a stimulus through nonverbal cues such as finger pointing or gazing. It is one of the first signs of the development of a theory of mind in babies and serves as an important step to later language and social development.",
"alias": "mutual knowledge",
"ID(c)": 25600
},
{
"id": "trm_4b7c27094a093",
"name": "behavioral inhibition (temperament)",
"definition_text": "A temperamental characteristic described by shyness and social anxiety.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25602
},
{
"id": "trm_4b82c75498408",
"name": "central coherence",
"definition_text": "a person's ability to understand things in context, frequently described as a deficit in literature on autism",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25603
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e04d656f06",
"name": "interference resolution",
"definition_text": "The process of selecting information with regard to its relevance to an ongoing task and suppressing the processing of irrelevant information.",
"alias": "interference control",
"ID(c)": 25604
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e05903e4bb",
"name": "updating",
"definition_text": "The revision or refreshing of information that is maintained in working memory",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25605
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e0646a2408",
"name": "task set",
"definition_text": "The set of rules and/or stimulus-response mappings that define how a task should be performed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25606
},
{
"id": "trm_4d2201d530697",
"name": "semantic information",
"definition_text": "information that is not tied to any specific object, event, domain, or application. It includes general factual information about the world (as in an encyclopedia) and oneself.",
"alias": "semantic knowledge",
"ID(c)": 25608
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5505361f160",
"name": "body representation",
"definition_text": "A mental representation of one's own body",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25614
},
{
"id": "trm_4fa3afaeef512",
"name": "delusion",
"definition_text": "A belief held despite appreciable external evidence to the contrary.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25615
},
{
"id": "trm_4fa28299dbddd",
"name": "deliberation",
"definition_text": "the process of judging the merits of multiple options, which may then be followed by choice.",
"alias": "consideration",
"ID(c)": 25616
},
{
"id": "trm_4fa295124a375",
"name": "thought",
"definition_text": "Subjectively salient cognitive processing, at least part of which may be reportable.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25617
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31ced566649",
"name": "multisensory integration",
"definition_text": "The process by which unisensory signals are combined to form a new product. It is operationally defined as a multisensory response (neural or behavioral) that is significantly different from the responses evoked by the modality-specific component stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25618
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d2241319f",
"name": "crossmodal",
"definition_text": "A complex of two or more modality-specific [unimodal] stimuli",
"alias": "cross-modal",
"ID(c)": 25619
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d365bc7e2",
"name": "unisensory",
"definition_text": "Describes any sensory process associated with a single sensory modality ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25620
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d3ba7d25b",
"name": "multisensory",
"definition_text": "a process associated with multiple sensory modalities ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25621
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31e6dca01ca",
"name": "synchrony perception",
"definition_text": "the process of perceiving whether or not the crossmodal cues (e.g., audio and visual) to an event (e.g., audiovisual speech) are in temporal synchrony with each other.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25622
},
{
"id": "trm_4e416f1373936",
"name": "tactile working memory",
"definition_text": "working memory for tactile information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25623
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5506161998c",
"name": "interoceptive representation",
"definition_text": "A representation of the internal state of the body",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25624
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5badf095692",
"name": "sense of ownership",
"definition_text": "The feeling that something is part of one self.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25625
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5faabfe8ce3",
"name": "sense of body ownership",
"definition_text": "The feeling that something is part of one's own body.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25626
},
{
"id": "trm_4e61264db33d4",
"name": "pain sensitization ",
"definition_text": "A painful stimulus is perceived more painful over the time course of stimulation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25627
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6127bd91be9",
"name": "pain habituation",
"definition_text": "A painful stimulus is perceived less painful over the time course of stimulation.",
"alias": "pain adaptation",
"ID(c)": 25628
},
{
"id": "trm_4e89aebaa311d",
"name": "priming",
"definition_text": "Priming is the effect of prior exposure to a somehow (e.g. perceptually or semantically) related stimulus on the response to a subsequent stimulus. This effect may be positive and facilitatory (e.g. naming of an object is typically faster when that object has already been recently named) or negative and detrimental (e.g. slower response to a previously ignored stimulus).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25629
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebfe9a465449",
"name": "expectancy",
"definition_text": "A belief about something in the future. Sometimes requires explicit, conscious awareness, distinct from unconscious, conditioning-based learning.",
"alias": "expectation, reward prediction error",
"ID(c)": 25630
},
{
"id": "trm_4ee8facd77dfc",
"name": "self control",
"definition_text": "The effortful control of behaviors, thoughts, or emotions with the aim of increasing the likelihood of attaining long-term over short-term outcomes.",
"alias": "Self-regulation, willpower, ego strength, self-discipline",
"ID(c)": 25631
},
{
"id": "trm_4f33e65d0daac",
"name": "embodied cognition",
"definition_text": "a theory emphasizing the essentiality of the body's interaction with the environment to cognition",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25632
},
{
"id": "trm_4f3a72a028d90",
"name": "resource",
"definition_text": "any aspect of cognition having bounded availability, eg. memory, attention",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25633
},
{
"id": "trm_4f3bdeedcc99d",
"name": "curiosity",
"definition_text": "wanting knowledge or understanding, often of a novel or unfamiliar entity ",
"alias": "inquisitiveness",
"ID(c)": 25634
},
{
"id": "trm_4ff36d79c26c6",
"name": "visual awareness",
"definition_text": "the subjective experience of seeing, emerging about 200ms after the onset of a visual stimulus; it is contrasted with unconscious visual perception",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25635
},
{
"id": "trm_4f4511e519b53",
"name": "imagination",
"definition_text": "forming mental images or concepts of what is not actually present to the senses ",
"alias": "envisagement, representation, mental conception",
"ID(c)": 25636
},
{
"id": "trm_4fafd1626bf2b",
"name": "addiction",
"definition_text": "A phenomenon sometimes conflated and sometimes contrasted with dependency, in which a person has transitioned from liking a rewarding substance or behavior to requiring it.",
"alias": "dependency",
"ID(c)": 25637
},
{
"id": "trm_4f4672db34a46",
"name": "self talk",
"definition_text": "overt verbalisation of thoughts for the purpose of self motivation, problem solving, reasoning, learning or stress management; a behavior commonly witnessed in sports-people during moments of performance pressure ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25638
},
{
"id": "trm_4f46753b8be4f",
"name": "worldview",
"definition_text": "overarching subjective account of environmental (ie. that in which an agent is situated) characteristics and functions, applicable across local and global spatiotemporal scales; a framework of ego-centric ideas and beliefs that serves to guide decision making and action, and to generate, sustain, and apply knowledge. ",
"alias": "perspective",
"ID(c)": 25639
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe3861edc919",
"name": "inattentional blindness",
"definition_text": "a phenomenon in which people fail to see an unexpected stimulus",
"alias": "perceptual blindness",
"ID(c)": 25640
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe39e4388409",
"name": "interoception",
"definition_text": "perception of stimuli inside the body, e.g. hunger, thirst, pain",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25641
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe8edc62f613",
"name": "extinction",
"definition_text": "the phenomenon by which a response to a conditional stimulus presented in absence of the unconditional stimulus diminishes over time; rather than a forgetting, it is generally believed to be a new learning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25642
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe9fae4321e7",
"name": "difference threshold",
"definition_text": "the smallest detectable difference between two stimuli",
"alias": "just noticeable difference, JND",
"ID(c)": 25643
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea04a02ce37",
"name": "binocular depth cue",
"definition_text": "a cue that provides depth information about a scene when it is viewed with both eyes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25644
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea09fac5316",
"name": "color constancy",
"definition_text": "the ability to assign stable colors despite variation in light, i.e. identifying that a given box is orange irrespective of the spectral composition or intensity of the light illuminating it",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25645
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea18ec76bc9",
"name": "feature search",
"definition_text": "search for a target according to a single feature (e.g. color)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25646
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea1aeaa7b17",
"name": "attentional blink",
"definition_text": "a phenomenon in which the participant is unable to detect a second salient visual stimulus if presented at the same spatial location within 200-500 milliseconds after the first",
"alias": "AB",
"ID(c)": 25647
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea238758d33",
"name": "change blindness",
"definition_text": "the inability to detect changes to an object or a scene even if large, repeatedly made, or anticipated; it can even occur when the subject is fixated on the item being changed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25648
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea25630ffb5",
"name": "motion aftereffect",
"definition_text": "the illusion of movement in a stationary object after prolonged viewing of a moving object",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25649
},
{
"id": "trm_4feb3f8c551cb",
"name": "overt attention",
"definition_text": "directing a sense organ at a stimulus source",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25650
},
{
"id": "trm_4feb3ffa1ab51",
"name": "covert attention",
"definition_text": "the act of focusing on one of several sensory stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25651
},
{
"id": "trm_4feb44e5ae25b",
"name": "unconscious perception",
"definition_text": "the process of perceiving a stimulus without being conscious of having seen it, measurable by electrophysiological response at the time and by recognition testing later",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25652
},
{
"id": "trm_4ff1fc04e22e8",
"name": "autonoesis",
"definition_text": "consciousness of self consistent over time, both in imagining the future and recalling the past; consciousness of subjectivity",
"alias": "autonoetic consciousness",
"ID(c)": 25653
},
{
"id": "trm_4ffca95528c88",
"name": "psychological refractory period",
"definition_text": "the phenomenon by which people are unable to make more than one conscious decision (and, by extension, unable to complete more than one task) within a few hundred milliseconds",
"alias": "PRP",
"ID(c)": 25654
},
{
"id": "trm_4ffdc96dc85b7",
"name": "noesis",
"definition_text": "a consciousness characterized by knowing or familiarity without self-reference (contrast with autonoesis)",
"alias": "noetic consciousness",
"ID(c)": 25655
},
{
"id": "trm_50070dce14554",
"name": "impulsivity",
"definition_text": "the tendency to act without adequately assessing context",
"alias": "impulsiveness",
"ID(c)": 25656
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8626d0770",
"name": "binocular rivalry",
"definition_text": "competition between the eyes for control of perception, particularly evident when different stimuli are presented to each eye",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25657
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8839c2877",
"name": "cone of confusion",
"definition_text": "a region around the head for which neither interaural time differences (ITDs) nor interaural loudness differences (ILDs) in a sound are not great enough for a person to localize the sound source",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25658
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8aef38f2c",
"name": "vection",
"definition_text": "the illusion of movement in a stationary person caused by moving visual cues",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25659
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8bcf5f29a",
"name": "visual acuity",
"definition_text": "a measure of the finest resolution perceivable by the eyes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25660
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8c8fcc520",
"name": "visual angle",
"definition_text": "the angle a viewed object subtends at the eye, usually stated in degrees of arc, and is a function of the size of the object and its distance from the eye",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25661
},
{
"id": "trm_5021684cba96c",
"name": "domain specificity",
"definition_text": "the idea in cognitive science that the mind is divided according to the content of information being processed into specialized, possibly evolved, modules",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25662
},
{
"id": "trm_5021873f37abc",
"name": "global precedence",
"definition_text": "the idea that, all else held equal, global features are perceived earlier than are local features of a given stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25663
},
{
"id": "trm_5022ef7599294",
"name": "anxiety",
"definition_text": "An aversive psychophysiological state characterized by fear, worry, or concern associated with current or impending threat often elicited by general and specific interoceptive or exteroceptive cues.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25664
},
{
"id": "trm_5024002a85b1f",
"name": "spontaneous recovery",
"definition_text": "recovery of a conditioned response following extinction, simply as a function of time",
"alias": "recovery",
"ID(c)": 25665
},
{
"id": "trm_502403240a2a2",
"name": "reinstatement",
"definition_text": "following extinction, conditioned response returns after exposure to unconditional stimulus (US) alone",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25666
},
{
"id": "trm_5029515e29f7f",
"name": "blindsight",
"definition_text": "unconscious visual perception, i.e. a phenomenon in which people can detect, discriminate between, and respond to visual stimuli without being consciously aware of them",
"alias": "blind sight",
"ID(c)": 25667
},
{
"id": "trm_502954662d63e",
"name": "feature integration",
"definition_text": "how different features of a percept are bound into a conscious whole",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25668
},
{
"id": "trm_50297454e516b",
"name": "transduction",
"definition_text": "in which information from stimuli is transduced into signals to the brain",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25669
},
{
"id": "trm_5029751d118c4",
"name": "phototransduction",
"definition_text": "in which energy from visual stimuli is transduced into a signal in the retina to the brain",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25670
},
{
"id": "trm_502ab8dd991bf",
"name": "border ownership",
"definition_text": "the determination of a local feature (i.e. a contrast edge or line) and the object to which it belongs",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25671
},
{
"id": "trm_502abeab4e1d8",
"name": "multistable perception",
"definition_text": "conflicting sensory input results in spontaneous, sometimes controllable, experiences thereof",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25672
},
{
"id": "trm_502ad54c11389",
"name": "visual orientation",
"definition_text": "use of visual stimulus information in perceiving orientation thereof or of the self",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25673
},
{
"id": "trm_502bdc6bdaa2b",
"name": "lateral masking",
"definition_text": "perceptual phenomenon in which one stimulus attenuates signals generated by another, adjacent, stimulus presented simultaneously",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25674
},
{
"id": "trm_502c139d5ed78",
"name": "crowding",
"definition_text": "target stimulus is made harder to identify when surrounded by similar non-target stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25675
},
{
"id": "trm_502c343d20523",
"name": "lexeme",
"definition_text": "the phonological form of a given lexical item being retrieved",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25676
},
{
"id": "trm_50aff037c389f",
"name": "trait anxiety",
"definition_text": "a hyper-responsive system for threat detection, differentiated from state anxiety in duration and cause",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25677
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb5469ba37a",
"name": "strength",
"definition_text": "Strength refers to a muscle's ability to generate force against physical objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25678
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb56a7867db",
"name": "balance",
"definition_text": "Balance allows humans to be able to orient the body in space, maintain an upright posture under static and dynamic conditions, and move without falling, by adjusting motoric control",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25679
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb692db57eb",
"name": "locomotion",
"definition_text": "Locomotion is the act of moving the body from one place to another. It requires input from the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, muscular power and joint and cardiovascular health. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25680
},
{
"id": "trm_50f382d7abdff",
"name": "vestibular control",
"definition_text": "The vestibular system transduces and processes angular and linear acceleration and deceleration of the head, enabling postural balance, locomotor control, and gaze stabilization, particularly during head movement. The vestibular system is an integral component of our sensory experience and sensory-motor function. Healthy peripheral and central vestibular anatomy is essential for functionally relevant gaze stability during head motion and postural control.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25681
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3c0af04e37",
"name": "life satisfaction",
"definition_text": "Oneâs cognitive evaluation of life experiences; this measure is concerned with whether people like their lives or not. Life satisfaction includes both general (e.g., my life is going well) and domain-specific (e.g., I am satisfied with my family life) aspects. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25682
},
{
"id": "trm_510059e54b2cf",
"name": "attentional bias",
"definition_text": "Attentional bias refers to the tendency for a particular class of stimuli to capture attention. The term is most typically used to refer to biases related to emotional content in bottom-up-capture attention tasks. ",
"alias": "Attention bias",
"ID(c)": 25683
},
{
"id": "trm_5154a9f45903f",
"name": "reception of facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to perceive someoneâs emotional state non-verbally based on facial expressions. Examples include affect recognition, facial recognition and characterization.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25684
},
{
"id": "trm_5154aa9735134",
"name": "productive facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to convey oneâs emotional state non-verbally via facial expressions, including eye contact, expressive reciprocation, and gaze following.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25685
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b049c279f",
"name": "Reception of non-facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to perceive social and emotional information based on modalities other than facial expression, including non-verbal gestures, affective prosody, distress calling, cooing, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25686
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b23a3156a",
"name": "Production of non-facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to express social and emotional information based on modalities other than facial expression, including non-verbal gestures, affective prosody, distress calling, cooing, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25687
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b2f947fe9",
"name": "agency",
"definition_text": "The ability to recognize oneâs self as the agent of oneâs actions and thoughts, including the recognition of oneâs own body/body parts.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25688
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b39a3193d",
"name": "self knowledge",
"definition_text": "The ability to make judgments about oneâs current cognitive or emotional internal states, traits, and/or abilities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25689
},
{
"id": "trm_5159beaf80413",
"name": "animacy perception",
"definition_text": "The ability to appropriately perceive that another entity is an agent (i.e., has a face, interacts contingently, and exhibits biological motion).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25690
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c00c3dac3",
"name": "action perception",
"definition_text": "The perception of an action being performed by an animate entity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25691
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c0a633cda",
"name": "understanding mental states",
"definition_text": "The ability to make judgments and/or attributions about the mental state of other animate entities that allows one to predict or interpret their behaviors. Mental state refers to intentions, beliefs, desires, and emotions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25692
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c382bd8d4",
"name": "circadian rhythm",
"definition_text": "Endogenous, self-sustaining oscillations that organize the timing of biological systems to optimize physiology, behavior, and health. Circadian rhythms are synchronized by recurring environmental cues and attempt to anticipate the external environment. They also modulate homeostasis within the brain and other systems, tissues, and organs. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25693
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c70d0e98e",
"name": "sleep",
"definition_text": "Sleep and wakefulness are endogenous, recurring, behavioral states that reflect coordinated changes in the dynamic functional organization of the brain and that optimize physiology, behavior, and health. Homeostatic and circadian processes regulate the propensity for wakefulness and sleep. Sleep is a reversible state, characterized by postural recumbence, behavioral quiescence, and reduced responsiveness. It involves predictable cycling of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM). It is affected by experiences during wakefulness, and has restorative and transformative effects that optimize neurobehavioral functions during wakefulness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25694
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c80c1dd24",
"name": "loss",
"definition_text": "A state of deprivation of a motivationally significant con-specific, object, or situation. Loss may be social or non-social and may include permanent or sustained loss of monetary values, shelter, behavioral control, status, loved ones, or relationships. The response to loss may be episodic (e.g., grief) or sustained.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25695
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c885a7314",
"name": "defensive aggression",
"definition_text": "A response elicited by a real or perceived threat that leads to a pattern of behaviors directed at terminating the threat.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25696
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c8a5d3d13",
"name": "offensive aggression",
"definition_text": "A response elicited by competition over resource acquisition or other positive consequences. This form of aggression often arises from differences in social status and dominance.",
"alias": "proactive aggression",
"ID(c)": 25697
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c94667677",
"name": "reward valuation",
"definition_text": "Processes by which the probability and benefits of a prospective outcome are computed and calibrated by reference to external information, social context (e.g., group input, counterfactual comparisons), and/or prior experience. This calibration is influenced by pre-existing biases, learning, memory, stimulus characteristics, and deprivation states. Reward valuation may involve the assignment of incentive salience to stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25698
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c971bf444",
"name": "effort valuation",
"definition_text": "Processes by which the cost(s) of obtaining an outcome is computed; tendency to overcome response costs to obtain a reinforcer.",
"alias": "willingness to work",
"ID(c)": 25699
},
{
"id": "trm_5159cb12a0f92",
"name": "reward learning",
"definition_text": "A process by which organisms acquire information about stimuli, actions, and contexts that predict positive outcomes, and by which behavior is modified when a novel reward occurs or outcomes are better than expected. Reward learning is a type of reinforcement learning, and similar processes may be involved in learning related to negative reinforcement.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25700
},
{
"id": "trm_51838baad343e",
"name": "semantic network",
"definition_text": "Set of concepts and relations",
"alias": "ontology",
"ID(c)": 25701
},
{
"id": "trm_51a6905a3f021",
"name": "cognitive training",
"definition_text": "Targeted exercises designed to help improve mental capacities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25702
},
{
"id": "trm_51a690a7492eb",
"name": "emotion regulation",
"definition_text": "The ability to have control over and change emotional responses, such as feelings and behaviors associated with them. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25703
},
{
"id": "trm_51a690eeadcb7",
"name": "neuroplasticity",
"definition_text": "The brain's ability to change in structure and function through experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25704
},
{
"id": "trm_52068e5bd9aa1",
"name": "restricted behavior",
"definition_text": "A restricted behavior is a stereotyped pattern of behavior, activity, or interest. Examples include preoccupation with an object, activity, or topic, and this preoccupation is abnormal in intensity or focus. Individuals with restricted behaviors may find it challenging to break away from habit or routine.",
"alias": "repetitive behavior, stereotyped behavior",
"ID(c)": 25705
},
{
"id": "trm_52090251db8c8",
"name": "social motivation",
"definition_text": "An individual's tendency to seek out direct contact with another person or a group of people.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25706
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7afe39f78",
"name": "irritability",
"definition_text": "The quality or state of being agitated, testy, grumpy, moody, or having a short temper.",
"alias": "anger, agitation, moodiness, testy, grumpy, short tempered",
"ID(c)": 25707
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7ba79c2f1",
"name": "lethargy",
"definition_text": "a lack of energy or enthusiasm. In a social context, this means being socially withdrawn.",
"alias": "slow, socially withdrawn",
"ID(c)": 25708
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7c13bc55f",
"name": "hyperactivity",
"definition_text": "a condition characterized by excessive restlessness and movement, and commonly non-compliance",
"alias": "restlessness, movement, non-compliance",
"ID(c)": 25709
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7c886b614",
"name": "Inappropriate speech",
"definition_text": "dialogue, either to oneself or others, that is not appropriate or suitable to the current situation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25710
},
{
"id": "trm_523ca7e778c50",
"name": "internalizing",
"definition_text": "focusing negative energy on the self, often through holding back emotion, often leading to less than ideal emotional states (worry, anxiety, negativity and depression). These states are frequently present in autistic children.",
"alias": "worry, anxiety, negativity, depression",
"ID(c)": 25711
},
{
"id": "trm_523ca883711cc",
"name": "externalizing",
"definition_text": "attributing cause to factors outside of the self",
"alias": "attribution bias",
"ID(c)": 25712
},
{
"id": "trm_523e00f356226",
"name": "conduct disorder",
"definition_text": "Lacking regard for others and callous, unemotional. Characterized by repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate norms are violated.",
"alias": "callous, antisocial, unemotional",
"ID(c)": 25713
},
{
"id": "trm_523e024c14df9",
"name": "antisocial personality",
"definition_text": "avoiding the company of other people, unsociable, sometimes to the extent of injuring others or the interests of society in general",
"alias": "hermit, introvert",
"ID(c)": 25714
},
{
"id": "trm_523e034f9e69a",
"name": "defiance",
"definition_text": "bold resistance to an opposing force, power, or authority, expressed through behavior and attitude",
"alias": "disobedient, oppositional",
"ID(c)": 25715
},
{
"id": "trm_523e0419ec219",
"name": "obsession",
"definition_text": "compulsive preoccupation with a fixed idea or an unwanted feeling or emotion, often accompanied by symptoms of anxiety",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25716
},
{
"id": "trm_523e053844495",
"name": "social phobia",
"definition_text": "having a fear so strong of being judged by others and of being embarrassed that it significantly gets in the way of everyday life",
"alias": "embarrassment",
"ID(c)": 25717
},
{
"id": "trm_523e0a4b443dc",
"name": "rigidity",
"definition_text": "unable to stray from a particular pattern of behavior or thought",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25718
},
{
"id": "trm_52405de6b7a63",
"name": "psychosis",
"definition_text": "A kind of disordered thinking for which thought and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25721
},
{
"id": "trm_52405e33adafa",
"name": "paranoia",
"definition_text": "a mental condition characterized by delusions of persecution, unwarranted jealousy, or exaggerated self-importance, typically elaborated into an organized system. It may be an aspect of chronic personality disorder, of drug abuse, or of a serious condition such as schizophrenia in which the person loses touch with reality.",
"alias": "delusional",
"ID(c)": 25722
},
{
"id": "trm_5240fddc2e43e",
"name": "phonological awareness",
"definition_text": "Explicit awareness of the abstract units that compose spoken words, including syllables, onset and rime units, and individual phonemes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25723
},
{
"id": "trm_52583d9f2ad98",
"name": "guilt",
"definition_text": "a cognitive or an emotional experience that occurs when a person realizes or believes (whether it is true or not) that he or she has compromised his or her own standards of conduct or has violated a moral standard, and bears significant responsibility for that violation.",
"alias": "remorse",
"ID(c)": 25724
},
{
"id": "trm_52583dceb345e",
"name": "anhedonia",
"definition_text": "lack of interest",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25725
},
{
"id": "trm_52583e083c9ab",
"name": "appetite",
"definition_text": "the desire to eat food",
"alias": "hunger",
"ID(c)": 25726
},
{
"id": "trm_52583e52d5e7a",
"name": "fatigue",
"definition_text": "a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy",
"alias": "tiredness",
"ID(c)": 25727
},
{
"id": "trm_52583e8a46ded",
"name": "suicidal ideation",
"definition_text": "thoughts about or an unusual preoccupation with suicide",
"alias": "suicidal, suicidal thoughts",
"ID(c)": 25728
},
{
"id": "trm_525c58f9aabae",
"name": "perfectionism",
"definition_text": "a personality trait characterized by a person's striving for flawlessness and setting excessively high performance standards, accompanied by overly critical self-evaluations and concerns regarding others' evaluations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25729
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8b8908809",
"name": "eating",
"definition_text": "An individual's preferences for food or general appetite.",
"alias": "appetite, food preference",
"ID(c)": 25730
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8cd1c9cc3",
"name": "sensory defensiveness",
"definition_text": "a condition defined as having "a tendency to react negatively or with alarm to sensory input which is generally considered harmless or non-irritating" to neurotypical people."",
"alias": "sensitivity",
"ID(c)": 25731
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8e198e0da",
"name": "sensitivity to change",
"definition_text": "an individual's ability to withstand changes in his or her environment or situation.",
"alias": "flexibility, tolerance",
"ID(c)": 25732
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8f3ed78a2",
"name": "noise sensitivity",
"definition_text": "having a tendency to react negatively or with alarm to noise input which is generally considered harmless or non-irritating to neurotypical individuals.",
"alias": "auditory sensitivity",
"ID(c)": 25733
},
{
"id": "trm_52b5f1ef4f9cc",
"name": "phonological processing",
"definition_text": "Refers to the use of phonological information (i.e., the sound of one's language) in processing written and oral language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25735
},
{
"id": "trm_568427366401c",
"name": "sentence recognition ",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected sentence into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25737
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b5f181edd",
"name": "goal selection",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25738
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b7525d7a2",
"name": "discrimination",
"definition_text": "Responding differently to stimuli that differ in some aspect",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25739
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b80525e89",
"name": "stimulus detection",
"definition_text": "It is the ability to discern between information-bearing patterns and random patterns that distract from the information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25740
},
{
"id": "trm_5519ba1746e95",
"name": "perceptual priming",
"definition_text": "is based on the form of the stimulus and is enhanced by the match between the early and later stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25742
},
{
"id": "trm_5519bb7767d98",
"name": "spatial localization",
"definition_text": "reference to a definite locality in space",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25743
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0f822d95e",
"name": "Limited Capacity",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25744
},
{
"id": "trm_551f11bb8f6a8",
"name": "interference control",
"definition_text": "Protection from self-directed responses that result from disruption by competing events and responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25745
},
{
"id": "trm_56006cb5a61ac",
"name": "exogenous attention",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "stimulus-driven attention",
"ID(c)": 25746
},
{
"id": "trm_552185f5cda66",
"name": "object-based attention",
"definition_text": "refers to the relationship between an âobjectâ representation and a personâs visually stimulated, selective attention",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25747
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a0512df9a",
"name": "localization",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25748
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a2aa5b127",
"name": "conceptual priming",
"definition_text": "Conceptual priming is based on the meaning of a stimulus and is enhanced by semantic tasks. For example, table, will show priming effects on chair, because table and chair belong to the same category.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25749
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a3da10349",
"name": "positive priming",
"definition_text": "refers to increased speed of processing of priming caused by simply experiencing the stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25750
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a45a397a6",
"name": "repetition priming",
"definition_text": "refers to the finding that an initial presentation of a stimulus influences the way in which an individual will respond to that stimulus when it is presented at a later time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25751
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a5f310604",
"name": "associative priming",
"definition_text": "In associative priming, the target is a word that has a high probability of appearing with the prime, and is "associated" with it but not necessarily related in semantic features. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25753
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a663cd89c",
"name": "response priming",
"definition_text": "A special form of the visuomotor priming effect in which prime and target are presented in quick succession.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25754
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a6bc4db33",
"name": "kindness priming",
"definition_text": "is a specific form of priming that occurs when a subject experiences an act of kindness and subsequently experiences a lower threshold of activation when subsequently encountering positive stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25755
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a7a1376ed",
"name": "negative priming",
"definition_text": "is a kind of priming in which the speed of processing is slower than unprimed levels. It is caused by experiencing the stimulus and then ignoring it",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25756
},
{
"id": "trm_5524572b66764",
"name": "feature-based attention",
"definition_text": "direct limited processing resources on those sensory inputs that are most relevant for the task at hand",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25757
},
{
"id": "trm_5534111a8bc96",
"name": "punishment processing",
"definition_text": "the authoritative imposition of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome upon a group or individual, in response to a particular action or behaviour that is deemed unacceptable or threatening to some norm (from Wikipedia.org)",
"alias": "punish, negative feedback, punishment",
"ID(c)": 25758
},
{
"id": "trm_553967f006b70",
"name": "shape recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability to perceive a shape",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25759
},
{
"id": "trm_555cfb890d721",
"name": "relational comparison",
"definition_text": "Comparison of two stimuli based on a relational feature",
"alias": "relational matching",
"ID(c)": 25760
},
{
"id": "trm_557b471bc6cd8",
"name": "animacy decision",
"definition_text": "decision about whether a stimulus exhibits animacy",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25761
},
{
"id": "trm_557b474e2b578",
"name": "auditory tone detection",
"definition_text": "determining the presence of an auditory stimulus such as a sound or tone",
"alias": "sound detection, tone detection",
"ID(c)": 25762
},
{
"id": "trm_557b476527a27",
"name": "auditory tone discrimination",
"definition_text": "It is the ability to perceive and respond to differences among auditory stimuli",
"alias": "tone discrimination, sound discrimination",
"ID(c)": 25763
},
{
"id": "trm_557b477b4a15f",
"name": "body maintenance",
"definition_text": "keeping information about the body in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25764
},
{
"id": "trm_557b478ce1c24",
"name": "color recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected color stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25765
},
{
"id": "trm_557b47abe9a34",
"name": "decision certainty",
"definition_text": "the confidence of knowledge regarding the likelihood of an outcome.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25766
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4817db34d",
"name": "economic value processing",
"definition_text": "the process of comparing, at an idiosyncratic level, the economic value of two or more options.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25767
},
{
"id": "trm_557b482a7c62b",
"name": "emotional face recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of determining whether an emotional face is the same as another face that has been previously encountered.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25768
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4844ca14d",
"name": "emotional reappraisal",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25769
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4855a12b4",
"name": "emotional self-evaluation",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25770
},
{
"id": "trm_55e1b08e5b06c",
"name": "Dyslexia",
"definition_text": "Dyslexia is a reading impairment. There are currently 17 known types of dyslexia, each resulting from a different component of the reading process, each with different error types and different characteristics. Dyslexia can result from brain damage after reading has been acquired (acquired dyslexia), or can be present from birth (developmental dyslexia).",
"alias": "reading impairment",
"ID(c)": 25771
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4891e9265",
"name": "feature comparison",
"definition_text": "Comparison of stimuli based on a shared feature.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25772
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48a224b95",
"name": "loss anticipation",
"definition_text": "prior expectation of the occurrence of a loss, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25773
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48aeb7d58",
"name": "motion detection",
"definition_text": "to determine the presence of motion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25774
},
{
"id": "trm_565bce2791089",
"name": "implicit learning",
"definition_text": "the acquisition of knowledge in an incidental manner without awareness. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25775
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48d40d3cf",
"name": "negative emotion",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25776
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48e337218",
"name": "negative feedback processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluating a piece of information that has externally ascribed negative salience in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25777
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48f22ba99",
"name": "numerical scale judgment",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25778
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4904ee26d",
"name": "object maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping object information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25779
},
{
"id": "trm_557b491318742",
"name": "oddball detection",
"definition_text": "detecting patterns in a given data set that do not conform to an established normal behavior.",
"alias": "outlier detection, anomaly detection",
"ID(c)": 25780
},
{
"id": "trm_557b49206928b",
"name": "pattern maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping pattern information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25781
},
{
"id": "trm_557b493133416",
"name": "place maintenance",
"definition_text": "keeping information about a scene or place in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "scene maintenance",
"ID(c)": 25782
},
{
"id": "trm_557b493e4203a",
"name": "positive feedback processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluating a piece of information that has externally ascribed positive value in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25783
},
{
"id": "trm_557b494ca540d",
"name": "potential monetary loss",
"definition_text": "A potential negative return in the form of money for performance of a specific behavior. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25784
},
{
"id": "trm_557b495cdde57",
"name": "potential monetary reward",
"definition_text": "A potential positive return in the form of money for performance of a specific behavior.",
"alias": "potential cash reward",
"ID(c)": 25785
},
{
"id": "trm_557b49851e991",
"name": "proactive control",
"definition_text": "Top down modulation of cognitive processes in anticipation of future goals or task demands. Often involves reaction time slowing",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25786
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4993a0fdd",
"name": "reinforcement learning",
"definition_text": "the modification of the value placed on potential stimulus/action combinations based on the outcomes associated with those actions in the past",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25787
},
{
"id": "trm_557b499fac085",
"name": "resistance to distractor inference",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25788
},
{
"id": "trm_557b49ad14adf",
"name": "response conflict",
"definition_text": "The coactivation of competing response alternatives",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25789
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4a7315f1b",
"name": "response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action in accordance with task demands, enacting a specific overt behavior",
"alias": "action execution",
"ID(c)": 25790
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4a81a4a17",
"name": "reward anticipation",
"definition_text": "prior expectation of the occurrence of a reward, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25791
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4a913f8cc",
"name": "risk processing",
"definition_text": "the extraction of information about the potential or current risk associated with a stimulus",
"alias": "danger processing, threat processing",
"ID(c)": 25792
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4aa070c10",
"name": "selective control",
"definition_text": "Top-down modulation of specific response output or of specific stimuli in the environment. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25793
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4ab076338",
"name": "semantic categorization",
"definition_text": "The assignment of a semantic stimulus to one of a set of categories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25794
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4abe521af",
"name": "spatial selective attention",
"definition_text": "The process of dedicating cognitive and perceptual resources to one or more spatial inputs and attenuating receptiveness to other inputs. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25795
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4acdee820",
"name": "string maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping string (e.g., consonant) information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "consonant maintenance",
"ID(c)": 25796
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4add1837e",
"name": "task difficulty",
"definition_text": "the perceived effort required to complete some mental or physical activity",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25797
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4aeaeb744",
"name": "tool maintenance",
"definition_text": "keeping information about a tool in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25798
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4af7cc1cb",
"name": "visual body recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual body into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25799
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b05ae470",
"name": "visual color discrimination",
"definition_text": "the identification of differences in color amongst visual stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25800
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b154e0d9",
"name": "visual face recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual face into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25801
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b27dfd5e",
"name": "visual form discrimination",
"definition_text": "the identification of differences among visual forms.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25802
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b3a6a34d",
"name": "visual form recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual form into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25803
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b47d994a",
"name": "visual number recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected number stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25804
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b56de455",
"name": "visual object detection",
"definition_text": "visual detection of instances of objects of a certain class (such as humans, buildings, cars, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25805
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b652cbec",
"name": "visual pattern recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying a meaningful pattern in visual stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25806
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b7176394",
"name": "visual recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25807
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b7e68727",
"name": "visual place recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual place or scene into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25808
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b8cd05ca",
"name": "visual tool recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual tool into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25809
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b9ccdc4a",
"name": "visual word recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability to read (and understand) written words",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25810
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4bb7cf05b",
"name": "word maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping word information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25811
},
{
"id": "trm_558c736199abd",
"name": "subjective value judgment",
"definition_text": "the process of comparing, at an idiosyncratic level, the relatively desirability of two or more options or the internal idiosyncratic value represented internally for such a judgement ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25813
},
{
"id": "trm_558c73b3663a6",
"name": "phonological comparison",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25814
},
{
"id": "trm_558c73f3c8c6f",
"name": "visual pseudoword recognition",
"definition_text": "the reading of written letter strings that follow the phonotactic rules of the written language",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25815
},
{
"id": "trm_558c74156b7ee",
"name": "phonological assembly",
"definition_text": "WRITE DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25816
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7439832d9",
"name": "visual letter recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected letter stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25817
},
{
"id": "trm_558c74b165bb1",
"name": "overt naming",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25818
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7ae1eaf86",
"name": "arithmetic processing",
"definition_text": "numerical calculations or derivation of numbers in response to an input with discrete or continuous salience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25819
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b14c076e",
"name": "auditory sentence recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning an detected sound stimulus in the form of a sentence into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25820
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b337080f",
"name": "right hand response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action with the right hand in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25821
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b5228ed4",
"name": "visual sentence recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected sentence stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25822
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b707f606",
"name": "left hand response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action with the left hand in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25823
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bd2b92003",
"name": "facial happiness recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of assigning the emotion of happiness to a stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25824
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bd6c61d78",
"name": "facial age recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of assigning an age to a stimulus based on evaluation of a face.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25825
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bd89d77c6",
"name": "facial attractiveness recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of evaluating the physical aesthetic of a face.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25826
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bda0c5dc3",
"name": "facial trustworthiness recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of evaluating the degree of trust based on the features or holistic representation of a face.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25827
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bde6b2e95",
"name": "facial recognition",
"definition_text": "identifying the existence of a face",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25828
},
{
"id": "trm_5595be14a57c5",
"name": "social inference",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25829
},
{
"id": "trm_559f0986182cc",
"name": "visual object maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping object information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25830
},
{
"id": "trm_559f09a5cdca9",
"name": "subjective food value",
"definition_text": "Subjective food value is used as term to indicate a food's worth, based on an individuals' current desires and needs (e.g., hunger). Subjective food value assessment is an intermediate step during food decision making. ",
"alias": "self-reported food pleasantness, self-reported food liking",
"ID(c)": 25831
},
{
"id": "trm_559f0a5b4cd36",
"name": "monetary reward prediction error",
"definition_text": "the difference between expected and received monetary reward",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25833
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b8b8e7870",
"name": "tone recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected tone stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25834
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b8e291dba",
"name": "auditory arithmetic processing",
"definition_text": "numerical calculations or derivation of numbers in response to an auditory input with discrete or continuous salience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25835
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b910b4b23",
"name": "right finger response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the right finger in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25836
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b92c1fd76",
"name": "left finger response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the left finger in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25837
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b952c1b4c",
"name": "right toe response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the right toe in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25838
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b96e77df6",
"name": "left toe response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the left toe in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25839
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b98b88f45",
"name": "tongue response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the tongue in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25840
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b9a666604",
"name": "working memory updating",
"definition_text": "WRITE DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25841
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b9d7c9435",
"name": "working memory maintenance",
"definition_text": "the active retention of information in a short-term memory store",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25842
},
{
"id": "trm_55c298bbe56d5",
"name": "high energy density food recognition",
"definition_text": "When a (familiar) food is encountered, an estimation of energy content and expected satiation is made based on an individual's earlier experiences and nutritional knowledge. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25843
},
{
"id": "trm_55c6f58e77fbe",
"name": "narrative comprehension",
"definition_text": "the process by which we understand stories, often presented through discourse-level language (written or spoken text)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25844
},
{
"id": "trm_55c6f87595b39",
"name": "face maintenance",
"definition_text": "WRITE DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25845
},
{
"id": "trm_55e1b27f5655e",
"name": "Surface dyslexia",
"definition_text": "surface dyslexia is a reading impairment, which can be acquired or developmental. It results from a deficit in the lexical route for word reading. As a result, the reader needs to rely on the sublexical for reading, reading by converting each letter or group of letters (grapheme) to a sound (phoneme). Surface dyslexia is characterised by slow reading (because reading via grapheme-to-phoneme conversion is slower than reading via the lexical route); it is also characterised by incorrect reading aloud of irregular words (such as talk, sure, none, and comb). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25846
},
{
"id": "trm_55ce70b20186b",
"name": "detection",
"definition_text": "to determine the presence of a stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25847
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef153d47bc0",
"name": "confidence judgment",
"definition_text": "Assessing the confidence or certainty of a decision",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25849
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef1fd2bc418",
"name": "visual string recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability to read (and understand) written strings of letters that do not follow the phonotactic rules of the language (which distinguishes it from visual word/pseudoword recognition)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25850
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef273a77a86",
"name": "auditory tone perception",
"definition_text": "the registration of an auditory tone",
"alias": "sound perception, tone perception",
"ID(c)": 25851
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef3ba010121",
"name": "vocal response execution",
"definition_text": "performance of an action in accordance with task demands, enacting a vocal behavior ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25852
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef687f48a9d",
"name": "auditory recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected sound stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25853
},
{
"id": "trm_5678a999f1c19",
"name": "numerical comparison",
"definition_text": "Mental comparison of numerical quantities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25854
},
{
"id": "trm_56798223b43b8",
"name": "decision uncertainty",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25855
},
{
"id": "trm_567982752ff4a",
"name": "decision under uncertainty",
"definition_text": "A decision in which the likelihood of possible outcomes is unknown or uncertain.",
"alias": "decision under ambiguity",
"ID(c)": 25856
},
{
"id": "trm_56798c5f25b0c",
"name": "context representation",
"definition_text": "The representation of features other than the primary stimulus that are relevant to a decision",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25857
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a4dbdf127",
"name": "Motor Praxis",
"definition_text": "A measure of sensorimotor ability. Also, it was designed to familiarize the participant with the computer mouse used during most of the WebCNP tasks. During the MPraxis, the participant needs to move the computer mouse cursor over an ever-shrinking green box and click on it once each time it appears on a different location on the test-page. If participants canât complete the MPraxis, it is likely they wonât be able to complete any other WebCNP task.",
"alias": "Mpraxis, Mouse Practice",
"ID(c)": 25859
},
{
"id": "trm_58575b0d3c548",
"name": "processing speed",
"definition_text": "The general speed with which mental computations are performed. ",
"alias": "speed, mental speed, cognitive speed",
"ID(c)": 25860
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd9dcd78e5",
"name": "sound perception",
"definition_text": "Perception of (any kind of) sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25861
},
{
"id": "trm_586fda1743344",
"name": "voice perception",
"definition_text": "Perception of a voice sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25862
},
{
"id": "trm_59cd0184eb2bf",
"name": "Chronesthesia",
"definition_text": "Chronesthesia is defined as a hypothetical ability that allows humans to be constantly aware of the past and the future.",
"alias": "Mental time travel",
"ID(c)": 25864
},
{
"id": "trm_59d184d09066b",
"name": "arousal (emotion)",
"definition_text": "The intensity of an emotion (as distinguished in the circumplex model from its valence)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25865
},
{
"id": "trm_59d184d0980bf",
"name": "arousal (physical)",
"definition_text": "Activation of physiological arousal systems involving the autonomic nervous system",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25866
},
{
"id": "trm_P4qxFaMb6wiZ1",
"name": "meter",
"definition_text": "a regular pattern of strong and weak beats",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 42606
},
{
"id": "trm_zECbJhkrvMYDQ",
"name": "Naturalistic Biological Motion",
"definition_text": "Viewing dynamic scenes of biological motion (i.e. a movie of hands tying knots or a hand hammering a nail)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44671
},
{
"id": "trm_VeGoH5wNnyl4Q",
"name": "dynamic visual perception",
"definition_text": "Passive viewing of dynamic scenes (i.e. videos of landscapes, nature, or any movie)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44674
},
{
"id": "trm_EibcrcPYJ86gd",
"name": "Naturalistic Scenes",
"definition_text": "Passive viewing of naturalistic scenes (i.e. movies of landscapes and nature, cartoons, etc)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44676
},
{
"id": "trm_Ilz9RmdieE56K",
"name": "central fixation",
"definition_text": "Fixation on a central point",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44677
},
{
"id": "trm_BOD29Hs9qySTD",
"name": "Food cue reactivity",
"definition_text": "Brain response to food cues minus the response to non-food cues (often visual, but could also be olfactory) or an appropriate control cue (e.g. a a small amount of a tasteless control solution).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 47686
},
{
"id": "trm_jpDjcHLNr8Hko",
"name": "Self evaluation",
"definition_text": "participants evaluate how well several short trait descriptions fit the self.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 48693
},
{
"id": "trm_aFgzEYVgvyimF",
"name": "saccadic eye movement",
"definition_text": "quick, simultaneous movement of both eyes between two or more phases of fixation in the same direction (from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccade)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49698
},
{
"id": "trm_vK5imljyKMUAL",
"name": "self-reference effect",
"definition_text": "encoding of information or memory retrieval in reference to the self",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49699
},
{
"id": "trm_GfkAJLeHghfmp",
"name": "motivational salience",
"definition_text": "attention that propels an individual's behavior",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49702
},
{
"id": "trm_QehTtEcwPuRtK",
"name": "incentive salience",
"definition_text": "attention that confers desire to a rewarding stimulus",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49703
},
{
"id": "trm_om88i12KUeI1R",
"name": "aversive salience",
"definition_text": "attention that confers avoidance behavior to an unpleasant stimulus",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49704
},
{
"id": "trm_Vn5ZVrIz7GedN",
"name": "numerosity",
"definition_text": "non-symbolic number sense of percepts",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49705
},
{
"id": "trm_LDtOOxfCrEImf",
"name": "numerical cognition",
"definition_text": "set of cognitive processes pertaining to the assimilation, ascription and manipulation of numerical information",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49706
},
{
"id": "trm_LWGVPX20JubrD",
"name": "imagined pain",
"definition_text": "psychological-induced pain, i.e. pain in the absence of unpleasant stimulus",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49708
},
{
"id": "trm_MIl7ueSc43aen",
"name": "imagined physical pain",
"definition_text": "bodily pain caused by ideation of physical suffering",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49709
},
{
"id": "trm_AGb7jCLHtJ1sj",
"name": "imagined emotional pain",
"definition_text": "emotional pain caused by ideation of emotional distress",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49710
},
{
"id": "trm_NLuhZFq5jY7Cq",
"name": "temporal cognition",
"definition_text": "the processing of perceiving the flow-of-time and the temporal characteristics of world phenomena",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49711
},
{
"id": "trm_KcaEi0Mc9grrz",
"name": "time perception",
"definition_text": "subjective experience, or sense, of time, which is measured by someone's own perception of the duration of the indefinite and unfolding of events.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49712
},
{
"id": "trm_xMOwdL0Y58qYJ",
"name": "time orientation",
"definition_text": "organizing events in temporal categories of past, present and future",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49713
},
{
"id": "trm_M4nBW4V1iS71l",
"name": "cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction in the compass rose of a percept",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49714
},
{
"id": "trm_wrOXIUJWEWEYf",
"name": "visual scene perception",
"definition_text": "Perceiving visual input — typically of a real-world scene — that contains multiple elements in a spatial layout (e.g., may have multiple objects and object relations, with a foreground and a background).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49717
},
{
"id": "trm_OMciWXS7bNM11",
"name": "response alternatives",
"definition_text": "The process of responding to a choice of stimuli that changes on every trial.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 49719
},
{
"id": "trm_yeQ7crXFocNza",
"name": "music perception",
"definition_text": "the conscious experience of discriminate music among all types of sensory stimuli.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52724
},
{
"id": "trm_hsrxov4azQ6nM",
"name": "music syntax",
"definition_text": "the combined processing of both low-level sound descriptors (such as loudness, timbre, pitch) and mid- plus high-level ones (like rythm, harmony, melody and genre).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52726
},
{
"id": "trm_utk2EAwtfI6x7",
"name": "music semantics",
"definition_text": "the processing of semantic retrieval from music",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52727
},
{
"id": "trm_jK0qVisychW39",
"name": "music cognition",
"definition_text": "the processing of mental functions on auditory encoding and emotion regulation that determines how music is experienced.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52728
},
{
"id": "trm_CN3u8GJWlTEUO",
"name": "temporal distance",
"definition_text": "the processing about inferring distance in time",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 52730
},
{
"id": "trm_BkEqTepYc5hbf",
"name": "other-reference effect",
"definition_text": "encoding of information or memory retrieval in reference to other entity",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 53735
},
{
"id": "trm_YYKKwXb10F0XQ",
"name": "enumeration",
"definition_text": "the ability to report an amount of elements",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 53736
},
{
"id": "trm_K5YMl5L5H2Xjj",
"name": "north cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction of the compass rose defined as \"north\"",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54740
},
{
"id": "trm_QNIy3cChBO4cA",
"name": "south cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction of the compass rose defined as \"south\"",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54742
},
{
"id": "trm_OCCYobMYT2eky",
"name": "west cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction of the compass rose defined as \"west\"",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54744
},
{
"id": "trm_TDGJs2KaQIyc8",
"name": "east cardinal-direction judgment",
"definition_text": "judgment of the cardinal direction of the compass rose defined as \"east\"",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54746
},
{
"id": "trm_lwnmyixYF0bNn",
"name": "cardinal orientation",
"definition_text": "positioning with respect to a specific cardinal axis of the compass rose",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54749
},
{
"id": "trm_izMVPVDOsJEkM",
"name": "west-east orientation",
"definition_text": "assessment of the west-east cardinal orientation",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54751
},
{
"id": "trm_0MvImupIHCn1e",
"name": "north-south orientation",
"definition_text": "assessment of the north-south cardinal orientation",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54753
},
{
"id": "trm_wTaB3Sl1dWvOW",
"name": "past time",
"definition_text": "mental construct relative to the no longer current",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54756
},
{
"id": "trm_dgZTWfjGK3RYq",
"name": "present time",
"definition_text": "mental construct relative to the existing or happening now",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54757
},
{
"id": "trm_XGQFZkDhrRRmm",
"name": "future time",
"definition_text": "mental construct relative to yet to come",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54758
},
{
"id": "trm_IatczRR1NRCb2",
"name": "cognitive distance",
"definition_text": "mental representation of an environmental distance",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54759
},
{
"id": "trm_MEjaEPF9qQveE",
"name": "temporal categorization",
"definition_text": "categorization of events in terms of past, present and future",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54760
},
{
"id": "trm_6NJi93UzFFKBj",
"name": "spatial distance",
"definition_text": "the processing about inferring distance in space",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54763
},
{
"id": "trm_BscVyjZu0vFu1",
"name": "near spatial distance",
"definition_text": "evaluative representation of an event near in space",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54764
},
{
"id": "trm_yFJ2nfBcwqdpZ",
"name": "far spatial distance",
"definition_text": "evaluative representation of an event far in space",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54765
},
{
"id": "trm_w3kwvBmlVXDsm",
"name": "near temporal distance",
"definition_text": "evaluative representation of an event near in time",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54766
},
{
"id": "trm_nDqGvtJMseYIJ",
"name": "far temporal distance",
"definition_text": "evaluative representation of an event far in time",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 54767
},
{
"id": "trm_kYtw4QBOKCbsM",
"name": "biological motion",
"definition_text": "perception of the fluid motion of a biological agent",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56779
},
{
"id": "trm_5fjcydtc5dQY5",
"name": "visual shape recognition",
"definition_text": "is the ability to match, identify, and name a shape based on its visual display.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56787
},
{
"id": "trm_aCwrPX04WLjIH",
"name": "Monetary loss",
"definition_text": "is a perception of decreased economic values in possession as a result of one's decision.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56789
},
{
"id": "trm_ioHkrTU7owGjb",
"name": "visual sentence comprehension",
"definition_text": "ability to combine reading words into a meaningful sentence unit",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56790
},
{
"id": "trm_GefBol2cgYv34",
"name": "mentalization",
"definition_text": "the ability to understand the mental state, of oneself or others, that underlies overt behaviour.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56793
},
{
"id": "trm_6BXoIuFvTg9zF",
"name": "combinatorial semantics",
"definition_text": "ability to create a wide number of new meanings from a finite number of existing representations",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56795
},
{
"id": "trm_o8gXkYlb58RBV",
"name": "Mindset",
"definition_text": "A set of beliefs and dispositions people hold about themselves, their basic abilities and qualities, and the world around them.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57821
},
{
"id": "trm_mfw76CN2KbdFj",
"name": "flicker fusion threshold",
"definition_text": "the frequency for which a rapidly intermittent stimulus appears entirely steady for an observer ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57841
},
{
"id": "trm_t4oxJAwl1xRzQ",
"name": "temporal depth",
"definition_text": "The number of discrete and successive percepts within a single perceived frame of time.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57842
},
{
"id": "trm_BKfaKR4cv8MwD",
"name": "action-outcome learning",
"definition_text": "the association between a voluntary action and the perceived consequence",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57856
},
{
"id": "trm_H19qgUFFeZaLg",
"name": "pitch perception",
"definition_text": "the perceived fundamental frequency of a sound",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57864
},
{
"id": "trm_7s8F8orjDstDt",
"name": "beat perception",
"definition_text": "the ability to perceive temporal regularity in musical rhythm",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57865
},
{
"id": "trm_OogXjpJkhH7c3",
"name": "Grit",
"definition_text": "Passion and perseverance for long-term goals.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57873
},
{
"id": "trm_AU0Hu0wyHtKn4",
"name": "temporal discrimination",
"definition_text": "Recognition of relative differences between the durations of two or more comparable events, stimuli, and actions. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57876
},
{
"id": "trm_xJ2ikQmvjMzmI",
"name": "invariance",
"definition_text": "The tendency for an object's identity to remain consistent despite changes in properties or perspective; to maintain the perception and memory of an object's necessary features.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57878
},
{
"id": "trm_SbuNB0U1enr59",
"name": "principle of cohesion",
"definition_text": "(typically by an infant) two or more stationary surfaces are perceived to belong to the same individual object if and only if they are in contact with one another ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57879
},
{
"id": "trm_i2BpAh3lWxDby",
"name": "Attribution",
"definition_text": "The way individuals explain the causes of their experiences, behavior, and performance in a situation.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57886
},
{
"id": "trm_94lyXFzQH9ruD",
"name": "state consciousness",
"definition_text": "a mental state ascribed to dimensions of bodily arousal, awareness, and varying degrees of acuity in time perception",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57898
},
{
"id": "trm_HLeH7ee55sYqJ",
"name": "anaesthetised unresponsive",
"definition_text": "Subjects are unresponsive while receiving intravenous or inhaled anaesthetic agent",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57922
},
{
"id": "trm_vqA8b1BrA6U4V",
"name": "timing",
"definition_text": "knowledge of temporal order",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57954
},
{
"id": "trm_p77NrG4CTxmPS",
"name": "pitch discrimination",
"definition_text": "the ability to respond to pitch differences in the sound",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57974
},
{
"id": "trm_a4WdpQW5JYPH0",
"name": "delay discounting",
"definition_text": "Delay discounting is the decline in the present value of a reward with delay to its receipt",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57980
},
{
"id": "trm_4l7BDO8GJ3LdM",
"name": "Risk Taking",
"definition_text": "accepting a challenging task that simultaneously involves potential for failure as well as for accomplishment or personal benefit. It is often associated with creativity and taking calculated risks in the workplace or in educational settings.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58503
},
{
"id": "trm_0eeP5Xfft6ofk",
"name": "Awareness",
"definition_text": "perception or knowledge of something. Accurate reportability of something perceived or known is widely used as a behavioral index of conscious awareness. However, it is possible to be aware of something without being explicitly conscious of it (e.g., see blindsight)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58930
},
{
"id": "trm_Ba49klQ9ApNSg",
"name": "Risk Perception",
"definition_text": "an individual’s subjective assessment of the level of risk associated with a particular hazard (e.g., health threat). Risk perceptions vary according to factors such as past experiences, age, gender, and culture. For example, women tend to overestimate their risk of developing breast cancer. These exaggerated perceptions of risk may motivate people to seek genetic services, genetic testing, or prophylactic surgery. Also called perceived risk.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58931
},
{
"id": "trm_N7MLgAsJBIbiQ",
"name": "trust",
"definition_text": "Trust means believing that another person will do what is expected. It brings with it a willingness for one party (the trustor) to become vulnerable to another party (the trustee), on the presumption that the trustee will act in ways that benefit the trustor (From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trust_(social_science)).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58976
},
{
"id": "trm_0wLVVlkHaAov9",
"name": "Reactive Control",
"definition_text": "During reactive mode, cognitive control is transiently activated only after the cognitively demanding event has occurred.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58986
},
{
"id": "trm_2gvDOFhX4ILY3",
"name": "Venturesomeness",
"definition_text": "Venturesomeness is defined as being conscious of the risk but acting anyway.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58988
},
{
"id": "trm_QlrVatUMhmg3s",
"name": "Behavioral Approach System",
"definition_text": "in reinforcement sensitivity theory, the physiological mechanism believed to control appetitive motivation. It is theorized to be sensitive to signals of reward, nonpunishment, and escape from punishment. Activity in this system causes the individual to begin (or to increase) movement toward goals. It has also been held that this system is responsible for the experience of positive feelings such as hope, elation, and happiness in response to these signals and that having a strong or chronically active BAS tends to result in extraversion. Also called behavioral activation system",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59048
},
{
"id": "trm_wzUYYp7Av6Unt",
"name": "Mindfulness",
"definition_text": "awareness of one’s internal states and surroundings. The concept has been applied to various therapeutic interventions—for example, mindfulness-based cognitive behavior therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction, and mindfulness meditation—to help people avoid destructive or automatic habits and responses by learning to observe their thoughts, emotions, and other present-moment experiences without judging or reacting to them.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59125
},
{
"id": "trm_30rzOgVoBsNqo",
"name": "Interpersonal Conflict",
"definition_text": "disagreement or discord between people with respect to goals, values, or attitudes.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59165
},
{
"id": "trm_Z1PwwmQJy6oB7",
"name": "Self-Efficacy",
"definition_text": "an individual’s subjective perception of his or her capability to perform in a given setting or to attain desired results, proposed by Albert Bandura as a primary determinant of emotional and motivational states and behavioral change.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59169
},
{
"id": "trm_H5TZwxrcaUSBI",
"name": "Coercion",
"definition_text": "the process of attempting to influence another person through the use of threats, punishment, force, direct pressure, and other negative forms of power.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59189
},
{
"id": "trm_f01v8jugwrqHl",
"name": "Demand",
"definition_text": "requirement or urgent need, particularly any internal or external condition that arouses a drive in an organism.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59220
},
{
"id": "trm_hwkommxKgvKas",
"name": "Coping",
"definition_text": "the use of cognitive and behavioral strategies to manage the demands of a situation when these are appraised as taxing or exceeding one’s resources or to reduce the negative emotions and conflict caused by stress.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59254
},
{
"id": "trm_v97yWIWghz10Z",
"name": "Behavioral Inibition System",
"definition_text": "in reinforcement sensitivity theory, the physiological mechanism believed to control aversive motivation. It is theorized to be sensitive to signals of punishment and nonreward. Activity in this system suppresses behavior that may lead to negative or painful outcomes and inhibits movement toward goals. It has also been held that this system is responsible for the experience of negative feelings such as fear, anxiety, frustration, and sadness in response to these signals and that having a strong or chronically active BIS tends to result in introversion",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59280
},
{
"id": "trm_7J8bZcxhab2mR",
"name": "Cognitive warfare ",
"definition_text": " the activities conducted in synchronization with other instruments of power, to affect attitudes and behaviours by manipulating , changing ,influencing, protecting, and/or disrupting individual and group cognitions to gain an advantage.Cognitive Warfare integrates cyber, information, psychological, and social engineering capabilities. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59301
},
{
"id": "trm_seBaaqL9E7Q1v",
"name": "reciprocity",
"definition_text": "Reciprocity, as a fundamental principle in social psychology, revolves around the concept that individuals tend to respond to the actions of others in a manner that mirrors the positive or negative nature of those actions. It involves a mutual exchange of behaviors and reactions, where individuals reciprocate the same type of behavior they have received from others[2] (Molm et al., 2007) (From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocity_(social_psychology)).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59306
},
{
"id": "trm_LoNlAQafora4r",
"name": "Mastery Orientation",
"definition_text": "an adaptive pattern of achievement behavior in which individuals enjoy and seek challenge, persist in the face of obstacles, and tend to view their failings as due to lack of effort or poor use of strategy rather than to lack of ability.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59327
},
{
"id": "trm_t3L0j7X6p66JK",
"name": "Physical Activity",
"definition_text": "any bodily movement produced by contraction of skeletal muscle that increases energy expenditure above the basal level.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59338
},
{
"id": "trm_cz5r7bGDpqiwn",
"name": "Cognitive warfare ",
"definition_text": " the activities conducted in synchronization with other instruments of power, to affect attitudes and behaviours by manipulating , changing ,influencing, protecting, and/or disrupting individual and group cognitions to gain an advantage.Cognitive Warfare integrates cyber, information, psychological, and social engineering capabilities. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59355
},
{
"id": "trm_2aZtye4tjHl4U",
"name": "anxiety sensitivity ",
"definition_text": "Anxiety Sensitivity (AS) is defined in terms of fear of anxiety-related sensations due to beliefs about what those sensations mean (Reiss et al., 1986)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59365
},
{
"id": "trm_pNo3F5h7B8Eg7",
"name": "Dyadic Effect",
"definition_text": "That part of the behavior of two interacting individuals that is the product of their particular interaction and that is distinct from the way in which each characteristically relates to others.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59400
},
{
"id": "trm_WoLBai9ycl8yE",
"name": "Interoceptive awareness",
"definition_text": "the ability to identify, access, understand, and respond appropriately to the patterns of internal signal",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59417
},
{
"id": "trm_s3yxeUMCHAo7j",
"name": "Marital Conflict",
"definition_text": "Open or latent antagonism between marriage partners. The nature and intensity of conflicts varies greatly, but studies indicate that the prime sources are often sexual disagreement, child-rearing differences, temperamental differences (particularly the tendency of one partner to dominate), and, to a lesser extent, religious differences, differences in values and interests, and disagreements over money management.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59438
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096be",
"name": "abductive reasoning",
"definition_text": "The process of adopting an explanatory hypothesis; inferring the cause A as a possible explanation for the consequence B.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25058
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096e3",
"name": "abstract analogy",
"definition_text": "high-level analogy that retains general information relevant to many specific instances",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25059
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096f0",
"name": "abstract knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge that is general and not tied to a specific instance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25060
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d096fc",
"name": "acoustic coding",
"definition_text": "a type of short term memory coding that represents the acoustic properties of the signal",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25061
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09707",
"name": "acoustic encoding",
"definition_text": "the processing and encoding of auditory input for storage and later retrieval.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25062
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09713",
"name": "acoustic phonetic processing",
"definition_text": "the cognitive ability to discriminate items on the basis of contrasts in sonorance, manner, place, or voicing in auditory stimuli.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25063
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0971e",
"name": "acoustic processing",
"definition_text": "the extraction of information from signals propagated undersea, in the atmosphere, or in the solid earth in the presence of acoustic noise.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25064
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09735",
"name": "action",
"definition_text": "the bringing about of an alteration by force or through a natural agency; expression by means of attitude, voice, and gesture; a function of the body or one of its parts; an act of will; a thing done; the accomplishment of a thing usually over a period of time, in stages, or with the possibility of repetition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25065
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09741",
"name": "activation",
"definition_text": "the relative engagement of a particular mental representation compared to other representations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25066
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0974d",
"name": "activation level",
"definition_text": "quantity or amount of activation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25067
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09758",
"name": "adaptation",
"definition_text": "adjustment to environmental conditions; adjustment of a sense organ to the intensity or quality of stimulation; modification of an organism or its parts that makes it more fit for existence under the conditions of its environment. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25068
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09764",
"name": "adaptive control",
"definition_text": "modifying the control law used by a controller to cope with the fact that the parameters of the system being controlled are slowly time-varying or uncertain.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25069
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09770",
"name": "affect perception",
"definition_text": "The ability to understand a facial, vocal, or gestural behavior that serves as an indicator of emotion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25070
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0977b",
"name": "affect recognition",
"definition_text": "The ability to understand a physical expression that serves as an indicator of emotion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25071
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097b4",
"name": "altruism",
"definition_text": "helping others in the absence of an immediately obvious reward.",
"alias": "selflessness",
"ID(c)": 25072
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097bf",
"name": "altruistic motivation",
"definition_text": "A desire or need to help others driven by selflessness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25073
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097cb",
"name": "alveolar",
"definition_text": "speech sound articulated with the tip of the tongue touching or near the teethridge.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25074
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097d6",
"name": "amodal representation",
"definition_text": "The way the brain codes multiple inputs such as words and pictures to integrate and create a larger conceptual idea; independent of a particular modality",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25075
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097e2",
"name": "analog representation",
"definition_text": "a value or variable in analog form.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25076
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097ed",
"name": "analogical encoding",
"definition_text": "the structural comparison of a familiar with a novel situation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25077
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d097f9",
"name": "analogical inference",
"definition_text": "is the ability to reason by permitting the extension of knowledge of a target domain by virtue of its similarity to a base domain. The general procedure for analogical inference involves copying structure from the base to the target in which missing information is generated, and substitutions are made for items for which analogical correspondences have already been found.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25078
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09804",
"name": "analogical problem solving",
"definition_text": "using principles or concepts from a well-understood situation to solve problems in a new domain or area",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25079
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09810",
"name": "analogical reasoning",
"definition_text": "a method of processing information that compares the similarities between new and understood concepts, then uses those similarities to gain understanding of the new concept; a form of inductive reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25080
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0981b",
"name": "analogical transfer",
"definition_text": "The transfer of knowledge from one situation to another by finding a set of one-to-one correspondences between aspects of one body of information and aspects of another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25081
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09827",
"name": "analogy",
"definition_text": "inference that if two or more things agree with one another in some respects they will probably agree in others; resemblance in some particulars between things otherwise unlike; correspondence between the members of pairs or sets of linguistic forms that serves as a basis for the creation of another form; correspondence in function between anatomical parts of different structure and origin.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25082
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09833",
"name": "anchoring",
"definition_text": "a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to rely too heavily, or "anchor," on one trait or piece of information when making decisions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25083
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09849",
"name": "anticipation",
"definition_text": "prior expectation of an event or occurrence, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction",
"alias": "intuition, foreknowledge, prescience, foresight, prediction, imaginative speculation",
"ID(c)": 25084
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09855",
"name": "apparent motion",
"definition_text": "The illusory perception that movement is occurring in one or more static images.",
"alias": "apparent movement",
"ID(c)": 25085
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0986c",
"name": "apperception",
"definition_text": "the process by which new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum of past experience of an individual to form a new whole.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25086
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09877",
"name": "appetitive motivation",
"definition_text": "behavior directed toward goals that are usually associated with positive hedonic processes. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25087
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09883",
"name": "arousal",
"definition_text": "Disambiguation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25088
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0988f",
"name": "articulation",
"definition_text": "the act of vocally producing an utterance or expression",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25089
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0989a",
"name": "articulatory planning",
"definition_text": "The action of coordinating complex tongue and mouth movements in order to produce sound. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25090
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098a6",
"name": "articulatory rehearsal",
"definition_text": "the process of subvocally repeating material that is to be stored in memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25091
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098b2",
"name": "assimilation",
"definition_text": "the process of receiving new facts or of responding to new situations in conformity with what is already available to consciousness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25092
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098bd",
"name": "association",
"definition_text": "the process of forming mental connections or bonds between sensations, ideas, or memories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25093
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098c9",
"name": "association learning",
"definition_text": "learning process in which two or more items or concepts become associated with each other; often used in relation to learned stimulus-response associations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25094
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098e0",
"name": "attachment",
"definition_text": "a social connection between individuals",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25095
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098eb",
"name": "attended channel",
"definition_text": "the particular input, out of two or more, that is consciously perceived due to attention. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25096
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d098f7",
"name": "attended stimulus",
"definition_text": "the specific object in the environment on which attention is focused.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25097
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09902",
"name": "attention",
"definition_text": "used to describe any number of cognitive processes, organized as top-down or bottom-up, goal-directed or stimulus-driven, and more, but generally reflecting an interplay between cognitive and sensory systems.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25098
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0990e",
"name": "attention capacity",
"definition_text": "refers to the extent that one can allocate their processing resources.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25099
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09919",
"name": "attentional effort",
"definition_text": "a motivated activation of attention systems in order to stabilize or recover attentional performance in response to the detection of errors and reward loss or, more generally, deteriorating attentional performance; amount of attentional resources needed for a particular situation; engagement of attentional resources",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25100
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09925",
"name": "attentional resources",
"definition_text": "amount of available attentional capacity",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25101
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09930",
"name": "attentional state",
"definition_text": "referring to amount of attentional resources being engaged; a relaxed attentional state requires little attentional effort, whereas an alert, focused attentional state requires more",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25102
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09947",
"name": "attitude",
"definition_text": "a mental position with regard to a fact or state",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25103
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09953",
"name": "audiovisual perception",
"definition_text": "a single unified awareness derived from the integration of auditory and visual sensory processes when a audiovisual stimulus is present. \r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25104
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0995e",
"name": "audition",
"definition_text": "the sense or act of hearing.",
"alias": "auditory",
"ID(c)": 25105
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a10",
"name": "auditory attention",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one auditory stream in the environment while ignoring others.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25106
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a3d",
"name": "auditory coding",
"definition_text": "processing and encoding of sound, words, and all other auditory input for storage and later retrieval. According to Baddeley, processing of auditory information is aided by the concept of the phonological loop, which allows input within our echoic memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25107
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a49",
"name": "auditory encoding",
"definition_text": "the process of storing auditory information in memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25108
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a55",
"name": "auditory feedback",
"definition_text": "is provided by auditory stimulation in response to specific behavior. The feedback may be used to amend subsequent behavior, cognition, perception or performance.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25109
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a61",
"name": "auditory grouping",
"definition_text": "joining disparate sounds together into one percept; assessing which acoustic streams belong together",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25110
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a6c",
"name": "auditory imagery",
"definition_text": "the subjective experience of hearing in the absence of auditory stimulation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25111
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a78",
"name": "auditory learning",
"definition_text": "learning of auditorily presented information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25112
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a84",
"name": "auditory lexical access",
"definition_text": "The process by which the basic sound-meaning connections of language, i.e., lexical entries, are activated.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25113
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a8f",
"name": "auditory localization",
"definition_text": "a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25114
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09a9b",
"name": "auditory masking",
"definition_text": "the perception of one sound is affected by the presence of another sound; presenting a sound to interfere with or terminate a target sound",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25115
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09aa7",
"name": "auditory memory",
"definition_text": "the cognitive capacity of storing and retrieving information related to sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25116
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ab2",
"name": "auditory perception",
"definition_text": "The ability to identify, interpret, and attach meaning to sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25117
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09abe",
"name": "auditory scene",
"definition_text": "auditory scene analysis is the process by which the human auditory system organizes sound into perceptually meaningful elements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25118
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09aca",
"name": "auditory scene analysis",
"definition_text": "the process by which the human auditory system organizes sound into perceptually meaningful elements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25119
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ad5",
"name": "auditory sentence comprehension",
"definition_text": "ability to combine auditory words into a meaningful sentence unit. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25120
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ae1",
"name": "auditory stream segregation",
"definition_text": "the perceptual grouping of sounds to form coherent representations of objects in the acoustic scene; a fundamental aspect of hearing and speech perception.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25121
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09aed",
"name": "auditory word comprehension",
"definition_text": "ability to parse acoustic signals into meaningful words",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25122
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09af8",
"name": "auditory word recognition",
"definition_text": "ability to recognize acoustically presented words",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25123
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b04",
"name": "auditory working memory",
"definition_text": "Working memory for auditory information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25124
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b10",
"name": "autobiographical memory",
"definition_text": "a memory system consisting of episodes recollected from an individualâs life, based on a combination of episodic (personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place) and semantic (general knowledge and facts about the world) memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25125
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b1c",
"name": "autobiographical recall",
"definition_text": "episodes recollected from an individualâs life, based on a combination of episodic (personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place) and semantic (general knowledge and facts about the world) memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25126
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b28",
"name": "automaticity",
"definition_text": "behavior performed without intention",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25127
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b33",
"name": "availability heuristic",
"definition_text": "A heuristic in which people predict the frequency of classes or the probability of events based on the ease with which relevant instances come to mind. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25128
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b3f",
"name": "aversive learning",
"definition_text": "behavior modification using an adverse stimulus in response to the inappropriate or undesirable behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25129
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b62",
"name": "backward chaining",
"definition_text": "an inference method used in automated theorem provers, proof assistants and other artificial intelligence applications. Backward chaining starts with a list of goals (or a hypothesis) and works backwards from the consequent to the antecedent to see if there is data available that will support any of these consequents.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25130
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b79",
"name": "behavioral inhibition",
"definition_text": "Disambiguation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25131
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b85",
"name": "belief",
"definition_text": "a state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing; conviction of the truth of some statement or the reality of some being or phenomenon especially when based on examination of evidence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25132
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b9c",
"name": "binocular convergence",
"definition_text": "when you look at an object that is closer than approximately 25 feet, your eyes must converge on the object to perceive it as a single object clearly in focus." ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25133
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bb3",
"name": "binocular disparity",
"definition_text": "the difference in image location of an object seen by the left and right eyes, resulting from the eyes' horizontal separation. The brain uses binocular disparity to extract depth information from the two-dimensional retinal images in stereopsis.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25134
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bbf",
"name": "binocular vision",
"definition_text": "is vision in which both eyes are used together. Having two eyes confers at least four advantages over having one. First, it gives a creature a spare eye in case one is damaged. Second, it gives a wider field of view. Third, it gives binocular summation in which the ability to detect faint objects is enhanced. Fourth it can give stereopsis in which parallax provided by the two eyes' different positions on the head give precise depth perception. Such binocular vision is usually accompanied by singleness of vision or binocular fusion, in which a single image is seen despite each eye's having its own image of any object. Other phenomena of binocular vision include utrocular discrimination, eye dominance, allelotropia, and binocular rivalry.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25135
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bcb",
"name": "bitterness",
"definition_text": "being or inducing the one of the four basic taste sensations that is peculiarly acrid, astringent, or disagreeable; marked by intensity or severity; marked by cynicism and rancor; intensely unpleasant especially in coldness or rawness; expressive of severe pain, grief, or regret.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25136
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09be2",
"name": "body orientation",
"definition_text": "perception of the orientation of the body overall relative to other objects in the environment",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25137
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bee",
"name": "capacity limitation",
"definition_text": "a limitation on the capacity to process information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25138
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09bf9",
"name": "case based reasoning",
"definition_text": "the process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25139
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c05",
"name": "categorical clustering",
"definition_text": "the clustering of recalled items based on category membership",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25140
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c11",
"name": "categorical knowledge",
"definition_text": "knowledge about different attributes and uses of an object that allows it to be placed in a group of objects with similar attributes and uses.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25141
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c1c",
"name": "categorical perception",
"definition_text": "A form of perception in which the individual perceives a categorical distinction rather than a continuous scale of a varying perceptual feature. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25142
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c28",
"name": "categorization",
"definition_text": "The assignment of a stimulus to one of a set of categories",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25143
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c34",
"name": "category based induction",
"definition_text": "requires that information about one set of categories is used to infer something about another category. A set of premises establishes that one or more categories possess a certain property. The premises are followed by an assertion (the conclusion) that a target category also possesses that property. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25144
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c3f",
"name": "category learning",
"definition_text": "is a strategy which requires a learner to compare and contrast groups or categories that contain concept-relevant features with groups or categories that do not contain concept-relevant features.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25145
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c5b",
"name": "causal inference",
"definition_text": "The process of inferring that one state/object/event causes the occurrence of another state/object/event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25146
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c69",
"name": "central attention",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive process that allows one to focus on the most important and relevant train of thought that needs to be attended to in a specific situation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25147
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c74",
"name": "centration",
"definition_text": "the tendency to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25148
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c80",
"name": "chemonociception",
"definition_text": "perception of stimulation by noxious chemical agents",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25149
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09c97",
"name": "chromatic contrast",
"definition_text": "When a small patch is surrounded by a color field, the patch appears to be tinted in the opponent color of the surrounding field.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25150
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ca3",
"name": "chunk",
"definition_text": "Structure in memory that is used as a unit of knowledge representation. Also refers to the process of learning by which these units are acquired.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25151
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09cae",
"name": "chunking",
"definition_text": "The process of recoding information by splitting or reorganizing it into smaller parts. \r\nActually: combining several smaller items into a larger "group" item, i.e.: 3 separate "incoming aircraft" considered as "3 incoming aircraft". Significantly reduces the working memory space used. Likely concept model for computer programming data-forms that list pointers to numerous specific data. Larger classes of concepts include: Learning and Memory, Attention, Action (Planning), Executive Control.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25152
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d35",
"name": "cognitive development",
"definition_text": "the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25153
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d41",
"name": "cognitive dissonance",
"definition_text": "The mental state in which a person holds multiple conflicting ideas simultaneously",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25154
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d4d",
"name": "cognitive effort",
"definition_text": "Consciously or intentionally engaging cognitive resources in order to achieve a particular end.",
"alias": "mental effort",
"ID(c)": 25155
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d58",
"name": "cognitive heuristic",
"definition_text": "are simple, efficient rules, hard-coded by evolutionary processes or learned, which have been proposed to explain how people make decisions, come to judgments, and solve problems, typically when facing complex problems or incomplete information. These rules work well under most circumstances, but in certain cases lead to systematic errors or cognitive biases.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25156
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d64",
"name": "cognitive load",
"definition_text": "The amount of demand placed on working memory, typically expressed along some continuum and within a theoretical maximum.",
"alias": "cognitive effort, processing capacity",
"ID(c)": 25157
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d70",
"name": "cognitive map",
"definition_text": "a type of mental processing composed of a series of psychological transformations by which an individual can acquire, code, store, recall, and decode information about the relative locations and attributes of phenomena in their everyday or metaphorical spatial environment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25158
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d93",
"name": "color perception",
"definition_text": "The process of distinguishing objects based on the wavelengths of the light they reflect or emit.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25159
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09d9e",
"name": "communication",
"definition_text": "a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25160
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09daa",
"name": "competition",
"definition_text": "the act or process of competing; active demand by two or more organisms or kinds of organisms for some environmental resource in short supply; a contest between rivals.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25161
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09db6",
"name": "concept",
"definition_text": "a cognitive unit of meaningâan abstract idea or a mental symbol sometimes defined as a "unit of knowledge," built from other units which act as a concept's characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25162
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dc1",
"name": "concept learning",
"definition_text": "Concept learning, also known as category learning and concept attainment, is largely based on the works of the cognitive psychologist Jerome Bruner. Bruner, Goodnow, & Austin (1967) defined concept attainment (or concept learning) as "the search for and listing of attributes that can be used to distinguish exemplars from non exemplars of various categories." More simply put, concepts are the mental categories that help us classify objects, events, or ideas and each object, event, or idea has a set of common relevant features. Thus, concept learning is a strategy which requires a learner to compare and contrast groups or categories that contain concept-relevant features with groups or categories that do not contain concept-relevant features.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25163
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dcd",
"name": "conceptual category",
"definition_text": "a way of organizing information, generally derived from experience; they can be part of a hierarchy, as in a taxonomy, or without, as in an alphabet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25164
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dd9",
"name": "conceptual coherence",
"definition_text": "combining a set concepts to make sense of a situation or set of situations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25165
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09de4",
"name": "conceptual planning",
"definition_text": "in linguistics, a flexible process of preparation pertaining to grammatical structure of clauses, occurring both before and during production thereof",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25166
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09df0",
"name": "conceptual skill",
"definition_text": "is the ability to form concepts about abstract and complex ideas such as communication, language, time, and money, for example.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25167
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09dfc",
"name": "conceptualization",
"definition_text": "to form a concept of; to interpret.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25168
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e07",
"name": "conditional reasoning",
"definition_text": "the reasoner must draw a conclusion based on a conditional, or âifâ¦then,â proposition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25169
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e13",
"name": "conflict detection",
"definition_text": "arises in the presence of concurrently active, mutually exclusive representations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25170
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e1e",
"name": "conjunction search",
"definition_text": "the process of searching for a target that is not defined by any single unique visual feature, but by a combination of two or more features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25171
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e2a",
"name": "connotation",
"definition_text": "the suggesting of a meaning by a word apart from the thing it explicitly names or describes; something suggested by a word or thing; the signification of something; an essential property or group of properties of a thing named by a term in logic.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25172
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e35",
"name": "consciousness",
"definition_text": "the quality or state of being aware especially of something within oneself; the state or fact of being conscious of an external object, state, or fact; the state of being characterized by sensation, emotion, volition, and thought; the totality of conscious states of an individual; the normal state of conscious life,(regained consciousness); the upper level of mental life of which the person is aware as contrasted with unconscious processes.\r\n",
"alias": "awareness",
"ID(c)": 25173
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e58",
"name": "constancy",
"definition_text": "steadfastness of mind under duress; a state of being constant or unchanging.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25174
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e64",
"name": "constituent structure",
"definition_text": "is an analysis, often in the form of a schematic representation, of the constituents of a construction, such as a sentence.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25175
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e6f",
"name": "context",
"definition_text": "A set of interrelated conditions in which something exists or occurs (e.g., a style of language in a particular passage, activity of a given regions given sensory input).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25176
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e7b",
"name": "context dependent",
"definition_text": "is a class of memory that refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are the same.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25177
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e87",
"name": "context memory",
"definition_text": "refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are similar.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25178
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e93",
"name": "contextual knowledge",
"definition_text": "information, and/or skills that have particular meaning because of the conditions that form part of their description. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25179
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09e9e",
"name": "contingency learning",
"definition_text": "Learning of the contingencies between different events",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25180
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09eaa",
"name": "contrastive stress",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25181
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09eb6",
"name": "conventionality",
"definition_text": "the quality, fact, or condition of being conventional; conventional behavior or act; a conventional form, usage, or rule. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25182
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ece",
"name": "convergent thinking",
"definition_text": "analytical, usually deductive, thinking in which ideas are examined for their logical validity or in which a set of rules is followed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25183
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09eda",
"name": "conversation",
"definition_text": "An exchange of sentiments, observations, opinions, or ideas.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25184
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ee6",
"name": "conversational skill",
"definition_text": "Ability to engage in appropriate communication of sentiments, observations, opinions, or ideas through dialogue.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25185
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09ef0",
"name": "conversational speech",
"definition_text": "is interactive, more-or-less spontaneous, communication between two or more conversants. Interactivity occurs because contributions to a conversation are response reactions to what has previously been said. Spontaneity occurs because a conversation must proceed, to some extent, and in some way, unpredictably.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25186
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09efb",
"name": "conversational structure",
"definition_text": "is the organization of interactive, more-or-less spontaneous, communication between two or more conversants.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25187
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f07",
"name": "coordination",
"definition_text": "is the act of coordinating, making different people or things work together for a goal or effect. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25188
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f12",
"name": "coproduction",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25189
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f1e",
"name": "coreference",
"definition_text": "a relationship between two words or phrases in which both refer to the same person or thing and one stands as a linguistic antecedent of the other.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25190
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f2a",
"name": "creative cognition",
"definition_text": "involves two types of processes: generative processes and exploratory processes. \r\n\r\nGenerative processes are those that most of us think about when we think of creativity. They are the processes by which creative concepts are first born. These processes are highly visible in extreme acts of creativity, but they are also evident in ordinary, everyday cognition. Examples (from Ward et al.(cited below)) include memory retrieval, association formation among information retrieved from memory, combinations of structures retrieved from memory, the synthesis of new structures, the transformation of retrieved structures into "new forms," analogical transfer between domains, and "categorical reduction," which involves reducing existing structures to "more primitive constituents". \r\n\r\nExploratory processes are the processes used to explore the structures produced by generative processes. Examples of exploratory processes (given by Ward, et al.) include searching retrieved structures for "novel attributes," searching for "metaphorical implications," searching for possible functions, "the evaluation of structures from different perspectives or within different contexts," interpretation of structures from the perspective of the problem(s) to be solved, and "the search for various practical or conceptual limitations that are suggested by the structures."\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25191
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f36",
"name": "creative problem solving",
"definition_text": "the mental process of independently creating a solution to a problem without learned assistance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25192
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f42",
"name": "creative thinking",
"definition_text": "the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action (Scriven & Paul, 1992).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25193
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f4d",
"name": "critical period",
"definition_text": "a limited time in which an event can occur, usually to result in some kind of transformation; in developmental psychology and developmental biology, it is a time in the early stages of an organism's life during which it displays a heightened sensitivity to certain environmental stimuli, and develops in particular ways due to experiences at this time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25194
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f59",
"name": "crosstalk",
"definition_text": "interference by information presented via multiple channels",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25195
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f64",
"name": "crystallized intelligence",
"definition_text": "the ability to utilize previously acquired knowledge and experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25196
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f70",
"name": "cue dependent forgetting",
"definition_text": "is the failure to recall a memory due to missing stimuli or cues that were present at the time the memory was encoded.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25197
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f7c",
"name": "cue validity",
"definition_text": "the conditional probability that an object falls in a particular category given a particular feature or cue.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25198
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09f87",
"name": "cueing",
"definition_text": "to give/present a stimulus that prompts a reaction.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25199
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a006",
"name": "dative shift",
"definition_text": "a grammatical process by which an oblique argument of a verb, usually one functioning as a recipient or a benefactive (roles often expressed by datives), is placed in the same grammatical role as a patient, increasing the valency of the verb and forming a clause with two objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25200
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a021",
"name": "decay of activation",
"definition_text": "An explanation for why spreading activation, in network-based models of knowledge representation, peters out as a function of the distance between nodes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25201
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a02c",
"name": "deception",
"definition_text": "an act to propagate beliefs that are not true, or not the whole truth (as in half-truths or omission).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25202
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a038",
"name": "decision making",
"definition_text": "The deliberate selection of a single alternative amongst multiple alternatives. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25203
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a044",
"name": "declarative knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge that is descriptive and includes knowing "that" rather than knowing "how" (can be expressed in declarative sentences).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25204
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a04f",
"name": "declarative memory",
"definition_text": "Memory for facts, and that can be intentionally articulated in some manner.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25205
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a05b",
"name": "declarative rule",
"definition_text": "A criterion for which one possesses declarative knowledge. Contrasts with an implicit or non-declarative rule, which one might follow but not represent as a rule or even be aware that they are following.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25206
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a066",
"name": "deductive inference",
"definition_text": "A type of inference in which the conclusion always follows from the stated premises.If the premises are true, then the conclusion is valid.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25207
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a072",
"name": "deductive reasoning",
"definition_text": "is reasoning which constructs or evaluates deductive arguments. Deductive arguments are attempts to show that a conclusion necessarily follows from a set of premises or hypotheses.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25208
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a07e",
"name": "deep processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluating a piece of information in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25209
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a08a",
"name": "deep structure",
"definition_text": "The essential meaning of a sentence, without regard to the grammatical features (surface structure) of the sentence that are needed to express it in words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25210
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a095",
"name": "depth cue",
"definition_text": "Depth perception arises from a variety of depth cues. These are typically classified into binocular cues that require input from both eyes and monocular cues that require the input from just one eye. Binocular cues include stereopsis, yielding depth from binocular vision through exploitation of parallax. Monocular cues include size: distant objects subtend smaller visual angles than near objects. A third class of cues requires synthetic integration of binocular and monocular cues.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25211
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0a1",
"name": "depth perception",
"definition_text": "Ability to perceive the visual world in three dimensions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25212
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0ad",
"name": "desire",
"definition_text": "to long or hope for, exhibit or feel desire for; to express a wish for.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25213
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0dc",
"name": "diphthong",
"definition_text": "a gliding monosyllabic speech sound (as the vowel combination at the end of toy) that starts at or near the articulatory position for one vowel and moves to or toward the position of another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25214
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0e7",
"name": "dispositions",
"definition_text": "Tendency to act in a particular manner given a certain set of antecedents. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25215
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0f3",
"name": "distraction",
"definition_text": "Any event that interrupts a mental process.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25216
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a0ff",
"name": "distributed coding",
"definition_text": "A type of coding in which the information that constitutes a concept (or mental representation) is spread amongst a number of constituent representations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25217
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a10a",
"name": "divergent thinking",
"definition_text": "a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25218
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a116",
"name": "divided attention",
"definition_text": "A state in which the focus of attention is spread across more than one object or event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25219
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a12d",
"name": "dream",
"definition_text": "a succession of thoughts, images, sounds or emotions which the mind experiences during sleep.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25220
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a145",
"name": "efficiency",
"definition_text": "effective operation as measured by a comparison of production with cost (as in energy, time, money, or cortical activity)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25221
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a151",
"name": "effort",
"definition_text": "Consciously or intentionally engaging resources in order to achieve a particular end.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25222
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a15c",
"name": "effortful processing",
"definition_text": "learning or storing (encoding) that requires attention and effort.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25223
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a168",
"name": "egocentric",
"definition_text": "A frame of reference centered around the self. In perception, a first-person frame of reference.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25224
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a173",
"name": "elaborative processing",
"definition_text": "Processing in which semantic associations or relations between words/concepts are generated or elaborated on.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25225
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a17f",
"name": "emotion",
"definition_text": "a complex of psychological phenomena that involve some degree of arousal and valence (positive/negative)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25226
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a18b",
"name": "emotional decision making",
"definition_text": "The use of affective information as information in a decision making process or as a basis for making a decision. Hot cognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25227
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a196",
"name": "emotional expression",
"definition_text": "observable verbal and nonverbal behavior that communicates emotion with or without self-awareness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25228
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1a2",
"name": "emotional intelligence",
"definition_text": "the capacity, skill or ability to identify, assess, and manage the emotions of one's self, of others, and of groups.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25229
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1ae",
"name": "emotional memory",
"definition_text": "Emotional memory is the storage and recall of events and details that are couple with the physiological response that was present when the event occurred. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25230
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1b9",
"name": "emotional mimicry",
"definition_text": "is the ability of a person to imitate, copy, and experience the physical and emotional characteristics of another persons emotion. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25231
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1d1",
"name": "emotional suppression",
"definition_text": "A process to reduce or inhibit the impact of an emotion on ones current conscious state or behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25232
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1e8",
"name": "episodic learning",
"definition_text": "a change in behavior that occurs as a result of an event; episodic learning is so named because events are recorded into episodic memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25233
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a1f4",
"name": "episodic memory",
"definition_text": "memory of autobiographical events (times, places, associated emotions, and other contextual knowledge) that can be explicitly stated.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25234
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a20c",
"name": "error detection",
"definition_text": "Processes that identify when an error has been made.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25235
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a218",
"name": "error signal",
"definition_text": "An event following error detection, in which a sign is relayed notifying the advent of an error.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25236
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a223",
"name": "error trapping",
"definition_text": "procedures that detect and correct errors before the errors cause further confusion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25237
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a22f",
"name": "excitation",
"definition_text": "a state of increased emotional arousal",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25238
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a25e",
"name": "expertise",
"definition_text": "Having a highly cultivated level of skill in a particular domain. Occurs after prolonged experience in a domain.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25239
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a269",
"name": "explicit knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge that can be articulated or expressed intentionally.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25240
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a275",
"name": "explicit learning",
"definition_text": "Acquisition of skills and/or knowledge actively and with awareness. Typically such learning is accompanied by meta-awareness - individuals can explain how they acquired the skill/knowledge.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25241
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a281",
"name": "explicit memory",
"definition_text": "the conscious, intentional recollection of previous experiences and information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25242
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a28c",
"name": "extrinsic motivation",
"definition_text": "motivated by external factors, as opposed to the internal drivers of intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation drives one to do things for tangible rewards or pressures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25243
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a300",
"name": "face perception",
"definition_text": "The processes by which faces are identified as such.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25244
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a30c",
"name": "face recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of determining whether a face is the same as another face that has been previously encountered.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25245
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a318",
"name": "facial expression",
"definition_text": "Movements and positions of the facial muscles that can be used as a form of nonverbal communication, particularly in conveying emotional states.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25246
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a323",
"name": "false memory",
"definition_text": "a memory that refers to an event that did not actually occur",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25247
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a32f",
"name": "feature extraction",
"definition_text": "Processes by which relevant aspects of a data stream are separated from irrelevant aspects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25248
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a33b",
"name": "feedback processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluative or corrective information about an action, event, or process delivered to the original or controlling source, often with the intent of modifying future actions.",
"alias": "feedback",
"ID(c)": 25249
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a352",
"name": "filtering",
"definition_text": "a device or process that removes from a signal some unwanted component or feature.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25250
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a35e",
"name": "fixation",
"definition_text": "Maintaining gaze or attention on some object or event. (Experimental design) A trial period in which a participant is instructed to direct attention toward a visual stimulus (often a cross).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25251
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a36a",
"name": "fixed action patterns",
"definition_text": "an instinctive behavioral sequence that is indivisible and runs to completion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25252
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a375",
"name": "fluid intelligence",
"definition_text": "a factor of general intelligence originally identified by Raymond Cattell; Cattell defined fluid intelligence as "â¦the ability to perceive relationships independent of previous specific practice or instruction concerning those relationships." Fluid intelligence is the ability to think and reason abstractly and solve problems. This ability is considered independent of learning, experience, and education.",
"alias": "fluid reasoning",
"ID(c)": 25253
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a381",
"name": "focus",
"definition_text": "The center of attention or concentration. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25254
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a38d",
"name": "focused attention",
"definition_text": "the ability to respond discretely to specific visual, auditory or tactile stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25255
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a398",
"name": "form perception",
"definition_text": "the sensory discrimination of a pattern, shape or outline.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25256
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3a4",
"name": "functional fixedness",
"definition_text": "a cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25257
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3d2",
"name": "gaze",
"definition_text": "The act of fixating the eyes onto a location. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25258
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3ea",
"name": "generalization",
"definition_text": "The act of transferring knowledge learned from one event to a novel event that is similar in some respect.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25259
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a3f6",
"name": "generic knowledge",
"definition_text": "Generic knowledge is knowledge that is applicable not just to a single entity but to a class of entities. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25260
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a402",
"name": "gestalt",
"definition_text": "a collection of physical, biological, psychological or symbolic entities that creates a unified concept, configuration or pattern which is greater than the sum of its parts (of a character, personality, or being).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25261
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a419",
"name": "goal",
"definition_text": "The desired end-point of behavior(s).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25262
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a425",
"name": "goal formation",
"definition_text": "The processes that create and maintain representations of goal states.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25263
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a431",
"name": "goal maintenance",
"definition_text": "The maintenance of information regarding task goals in working memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25264
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a43c",
"name": "goal management",
"definition_text": "consists of the process of recognizing or inferring goals, abandoning no longer relevant goals, identifying and resolving conflicts among goals, and prioritizing goals consistently for optimal success.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25265
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a448",
"name": "goal state",
"definition_text": "A point reached when goal directed behavior has successfully concluded. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25266
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a460",
"name": "gustatory learning",
"definition_text": "The formation of a knowledge representation that contains information about gustatory percepts.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25267
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a46b",
"name": "gustatory memory",
"definition_text": "the cognitive capacity of storing and retrieving information related to taste. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25268
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a477",
"name": "gustatory perception",
"definition_text": "The processes involved with representing gustatory sensations as such.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25269
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a483",
"name": "habit",
"definition_text": "An acquired pattern of behavior that often occurs automatically and is reliably triggered by some event or stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25270
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a48e",
"name": "habit learning",
"definition_text": "The process of acquiring a habit",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25271
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a49a",
"name": "habit memory",
"definition_text": "the memory representation of a learned habit, generally thought to be represented as a stimulus-response association",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25272
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4a6",
"name": "hallucination",
"definition_text": "in the broadest sense of the word, is a perception in the absence of a stimulus. In a stricter sense, hallucinations are defined as perceptions in a conscious and awake state in the absence of external stimuli which have qualities of real perception, in that they are vivid, substantial, and located in external objective space.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25273
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4b2",
"name": "hedonism",
"definition_text": "a school which argues that pleasure is the only intrinsic good, often used as a justification for evaluating actions in terms of how much pleasure and how little pain (i.e. suffering) they produce.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25274
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4be",
"name": "heuristic search",
"definition_text": "refers to experience-based techniques for problem solving, learning, and discovery. Heuristic methods are used to speed up the process of finding a good enough solution, where an exhaustive search is impractical. Examples of this method include using a "rule of thumb", an educated guess, an intuitive judgment, or common sense. In more precise terms, heuristics are strategies using readily accessible, though loosely applicable, information to control problem solving in human beings and machines",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25275
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4c9",
"name": "hill climbing",
"definition_text": "A fast but sometimes unreliable optimization method. When searching for the minimum/maximum value of a function a random step is taken; if the value improves it replaces the current value, then another random step is taken.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25276
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4e1",
"name": "humiliation",
"definition_text": "to reduce to a lower position in one's own eyes or others' eyes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25277
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4ed",
"name": "humor",
"definition_text": "the tendency of particular cognitive experiences to provoke laughter and provide amusement.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25278
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a4f9",
"name": "iconic memory",
"definition_text": "very brief sensory memory of some visual stimuli, that occur in the form of mental pictures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25279
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a504",
"name": "imageability",
"definition_text": "is a property of a word or concept reflecting how easy or difficult it is to visually or acoustically imagine. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25280
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a510",
"name": "imagery",
"definition_text": "an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25281
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a51c",
"name": "implicit knowledge",
"definition_text": "knowledge that is kept in a personâs mind without necessarily being expressed in words and is often acted on instinctively.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25282
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a527",
"name": "implicit learning",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25283
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a533",
"name": "implicit memory",
"definition_text": "Type of memory in which experiences increases performance of task without one's conscious awareness of these previous experiences. This type of memory applies to habit learning, skills, conditioning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25284
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a53f",
"name": "imprinting",
"definition_text": "a rapid learning process that takes place early in the life of a social animal and establishes a behavior pattern (as recognition of and attraction to its own kind or a substitute).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25285
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a54b",
"name": "inattention",
"definition_text": "The failure to process an external stimulus (often refers to sensory stimuli).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25286
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a556",
"name": "incidental learning",
"definition_text": "Learning without explicit knowledge of doing so, but occurring through interaction with the environment (e.g., by observation/copying of behavior or response to reinforcement).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25287
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a562",
"name": "incubation",
"definition_text": "the process of thinking about a problem subconsciously while being involved in other activities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25288
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a56e",
"name": "indignation",
"definition_text": "anger aroused by something unjust, unworthy, or mean.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25289
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a579",
"name": "induction",
"definition_text": "reaching a conclusion from a set of premises that could, but do not necessarily, lead to it",
"alias": "inductive reasoning",
"ID(c)": 25290
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a590",
"name": "inductive reasoning",
"definition_text": "reasoning from a specific case or cases and deriving a general rule, drawing inferences from observations in order to make generalizations.\r\n",
"alias": "inductive inference",
"ID(c)": 25291
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a5ed",
"name": "inference",
"definition_text": "the act of passing from one proposition, statement, or judgment considered as true to another whose truth is believed to follow from that of the former; the act of passing from statistical sample data to generalizations (as of the value of population parameters) usually with calculated degrees of certainty.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25292
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a613",
"name": "inhibition",
"definition_text": "The process by which a response or thought is suppressed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25293
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a61f",
"name": "inhibition of return",
"definition_text": "the phenomenon in which the speed and accuracy with which an object is detected are first briefly enhanced (for perhaps 100-300 milliseconds) after the object is attended, and then detection speed and accuracy are impaired (for perhaps 500-3000 milliseconds).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25294
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a62b",
"name": "insight",
"definition_text": "In problem solving, the moment at which an underlying relation between cause and effect is discovered/identified.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25295
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a637",
"name": "instinct",
"definition_text": "a natural or inherent aptitude, impulse, or capacity; a largely inheritable and unalterable tendency of an organism to make a complex and specific response to environmental stimuli without involving reason, behavior that is mediated by reactions below the conscious level.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25296
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a642",
"name": "instrumental conditioning",
"definition_text": "a learning process in which the consequences of an action are used to modify aspects of that action thereafter; these aspects include form and frequency (including the likelihood of reoccurrence at all).",
"alias": "instrumental learning, operant conditioning",
"ID(c)": 25297
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a64e",
"name": "instrumental learning",
"definition_text": "learning based on reward; a form of learning that takes place as a direct consequence of a reward or pleasant outcome for the learner.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25298
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a65a",
"name": "integration",
"definition_text": "coordination of mental processes into a normal effective personality or with the individual's environment",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25299
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a666",
"name": "intelligence",
"definition_text": "the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations; the skilled use of reason; the ability to apply knowledge to manipulate one's environment or to think abstractly as measured by objective criteria",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25300
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a67d",
"name": "intention",
"definition_text": "an act or instance of determining mentally upon some action or result; meaning or significance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25301
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a689",
"name": "intentional forgetting",
"definition_text": "the purposeful forgetting of information that is no longer needed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25302
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a695",
"name": "intentional learning",
"definition_text": "learning that is motivated with intention and is usually goal directed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25303
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6a1",
"name": "intentionality",
"definition_text": "the state of having or being formed by an intention; (philosophy) the property of being about or directed toward a subject, as inherent in conscious states, beliefs, or creations of the mind, such as sentences or books. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25304
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6ad",
"name": "interference",
"definition_text": "the disturbing effect of new information on the other information with which it is inconsistent",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25305
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6b9",
"name": "intermediate-term memory",
"definition_text": "a specialized term referring for information about a current task.",
"alias": "ITM",
"ID(c)": 25306
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6c5",
"name": "internal speech",
"definition_text": "also known as inner voice, internal speech, or verbal stream of consciousness is thinking in words. It also refers to the semi-constant internal monologue one has with oneself at a conscious or semi-conscious level.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25307
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6d0",
"name": "interrogative",
"definition_text": "of, pertaining to, or conveying a question.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25308
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6dc",
"name": "intonation",
"definition_text": "the ability to play or sing notes in tune; manner of utterance, specifically the rise and fall in pitch of the voice in speech.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25309
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6e8",
"name": "intrinsic motivation",
"definition_text": "a highly desired form of incentive that stems from a person's internal desire for self-satisfaction or pleasure in performing the task itself.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25310
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a6f4",
"name": "introspection",
"definition_text": "the self-observation and reporting of conscious inner thoughts, desires and sensations. It is a conscious mental and usually purposive process relying on thinking, reasoning, and examining one's own thoughts, feelings.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25311
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a700",
"name": "involuntary attention",
"definition_text": "results when the conscious mind changes focus to sudden changes in the environment (big sound, intensity of light, unique situation etc.). The person is not prepared for the attention and the attention is not under control of the individual. The persons attention is less concerned with motives, interests, and needs and the stimulus is usually more important than any functional factors.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25312
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a70b",
"name": "irony",
"definition_text": "a situation, literary technique, or rhetorical device, in which there is an incongruity or discordance that goes strikingly beyond the most simple and evident meaning of words or actions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25313
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a723",
"name": "judgment",
"definition_text": "the process of forming an opinion or evaluation by discerning and comparing",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25314
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a72e",
"name": "kinaesthetic representation",
"definition_text": "is a representation of sensory inputs from muscles, tendons, and joints (e.g.,the joint angles used to reach a point in space).\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "kinesthetic representation",
"ID(c)": 25315
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a73a",
"name": "kinesthesia",
"definition_text": "a sense mediated by receptors located in muscles, tendons, and joints and stimulated by bodily movements and tensions. ",
"alias": "kinaesthesia",
"ID(c)": 25316
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a746",
"name": "knowledge",
"definition_text": "information acquired and represented by a person through experience or education",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25317
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a769",
"name": "language",
"definition_text": "The mental ability to encode and decode information, and translate this information into verbal, acoustic and visual representations, according to a set of rules that are common across a population.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25318
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a775",
"name": "language comprehension",
"definition_text": "The ability to understand communication from others, such as speech, written text, gestures, or sign language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25319
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a781",
"name": "language learning",
"definition_text": "the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive, produce and use words to understand and communicate, this capacity involves the picking up of diverse capacities including syntax, phonetics, and an extensive vocabulary, the language might be vocal as with speech or manual as in sign.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25320
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a78d",
"name": "language production",
"definition_text": "is translating a concept or set of ideas into spoken, signed or written form",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25321
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7bb",
"name": "learning",
"definition_text": "The process of acquiring new skills/knowledge/information ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25322
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7c7",
"name": "lemma",
"definition_text": "an abstract form of a word before any phonological assignment, arising early in speech production",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25323
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7d4",
"name": "lexical encoding",
"definition_text": "converting vocabulary, words, or morphemes of a language into a code.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25324
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7e0",
"name": "lexical retrieval",
"definition_text": "retrieval of a lexical entry",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25325
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7ec",
"name": "lexicon",
"definition_text": "The vocabulary of a language, including its words and expressions.",
"alias": "vocabulary",
"ID(c)": 25326
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a7f8",
"name": "linguistic competence",
"definition_text": "a speaker's implicit, internalized knowledge of the rules of their language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25327
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a803",
"name": "listening",
"definition_text": "to pay attention to sound; to hear something with thoughtful attention, give consideration; to be alert to catch an expected sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25328
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a80f",
"name": "logic",
"definition_text": "a science that deals with the principles and criteria of validity of inference and demonstration; the science of the formal principles of reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25329
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a81b",
"name": "logical reasoning",
"definition_text": "The strategy when one uses deduction, induction, or abduction to evaluate preconditions and rules to determnie a conclusion. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25330
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a833",
"name": "long-term memory",
"definition_text": "a system for permanently storing, managing, and retrieving information for later use, items of information stored as long-term memory may be available for a lifetime.",
"alias": "LTM",
"ID(c)": 25331
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a83f",
"name": "loss aversion",
"definition_text": "The tendency of individuals to be more sensitive to the possibility of losing objects or money than they are to the possibility of gaining the same objects or amounts of money.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25332
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a84a",
"name": "lying",
"definition_text": "the expression of a falsehood",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25333
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a862",
"name": "mathematical reasoning",
"definition_text": "Reasoning about mathematical objects",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25334
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a86e",
"name": "meaning",
"definition_text": "the connotation of a word or phrase",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25335
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a87a",
"name": "mechanical reasoning",
"definition_text": "Reasoning about mechanical objects or functions",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25336
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a886",
"name": "melody",
"definition_text": "a linear succession of musical tones which is perceived as a single entity.",
"alias": "tune",
"ID(c)": 25337
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a891",
"name": "memory",
"definition_text": "The ability of an organism to use past events to inform/influence current actions\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25338
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a8ed",
"name": "mental arithmetic",
"definition_text": "mathematical calculations done mentally, without writing them down.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25339
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a8fc",
"name": "mental imagery",
"definition_text": "is an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving (through any of the senses) of some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25340
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a908",
"name": "mental representation",
"definition_text": "a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25341
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a914",
"name": "mental rotation",
"definition_text": "Ability to rotate an object in one's mind; ability to make perceptual judgments on a new spatial configuration of an object.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25342
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a920",
"name": "metacognition",
"definition_text": "awareness or analysis of one's own learning or thinking processes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25343
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a92b",
"name": "metacognitive skill",
"definition_text": "a learners' automatic awareness of their own knowledge and their ability to understand, control, and manipulate their own cognitive processes.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25344
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a937",
"name": "metaphor",
"definition_text": "a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25345
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a943",
"name": "misattribution",
"definition_text": "attributing an event to something with which it has no connection or association.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25346
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a94f",
"name": "monitoring",
"definition_text": "the act of checking for particular kinds of information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25347
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a95a",
"name": "mood",
"definition_text": "a conscious state of mind or predominant emotion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25348
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a972",
"name": "motor control",
"definition_text": "The function of supervising motor activities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25349
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a995",
"name": "motor learning",
"definition_text": "the process of improving motor skills, the smoothness and accuracy of movements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25350
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9a1",
"name": "motor planning",
"definition_text": "the conception of a future motoric action\r\n",
"alias": "movement planning",
"ID(c)": 25351
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9ad",
"name": "motor program",
"definition_text": "abstract representation of a movement",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25352
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9b9",
"name": "motor sequence learning",
"definition_text": "The acquisition of knowledge regarding sequences of motor action",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25353
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9c4",
"name": "movement",
"definition_text": "change of place or position or posture",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25354
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9dc",
"name": "naming",
"definition_text": "the expression of the name of an object",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25355
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a9e8",
"name": "narrative",
"definition_text": "a story that is created in a constructive format (as a work of writing, speech, poetry, prose, pictures, song, motion pictures, video games, theater or dance) that describes a sequence of fictional or non-fictional events.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25356
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa00",
"name": "navigation",
"definition_text": "The process of controlling the movement of a body/entity/vehicle through space from one point to another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25357
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa0c",
"name": "nociception",
"definition_text": "the processes of encoding and processing noxious stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25358
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa23",
"name": "nondeclarative knowledge",
"definition_text": "The nonconscious or implicit ability to express and practice learned information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25359
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa2f",
"name": "nondeclarative memory",
"definition_text": "Memory acquired through experience and which can not be consciously articulated (such as by recall or recognition). This type of memory includes priming, conditioning, skill-acquisition, and habits.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25360
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa47",
"name": "novelty detection",
"definition_text": "the identification of new or unknown information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25361
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa5e",
"name": "object categorization",
"definition_text": "the assignment of an object to a particular category",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25362
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa6a",
"name": "object centered representation",
"definition_text": "In an object-centered representation, the position of the subparts of an object are encoded with respect to a set of axes and an origin centered on the object. Several physiological and neuropsychological results support the existence of such representations in humans and monkeys. An explicit representation would involve neurons with invariant response properties in object-centered coordinates.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25363
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa76",
"name": "object detection",
"definition_text": "deals with detecting instances of semantic objects of a certain class (such as humans, buildings, cars, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25364
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aa8d",
"name": "object manipulation",
"definition_text": "is a form of dexterity play or performance in which one or more artists physically interact with props such as balls, hoops, rings, poi, staff, devil sticks, or clubs. Object manipulation can be considered an advanced combinatorial form of sports, dance, and games.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25365
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aaa4",
"name": "object perception",
"definition_text": "The process of transforming basic visual sensory input (such as contrast, edge, motion, color etc) into a more abstract and semantically identifiable whole.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25366
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aab0",
"name": "object recognition",
"definition_text": "is the ability to perceive an objectâs physical properties (such as shape, colour and texture) and apply semantic attributes to the object, which includes the understanding of its use, previous experience with the object and how it relates to others.\r\n",
"alias": "object identification",
"ID(c)": 25367
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aabc",
"name": "olfaction",
"definition_text": "the sense of smell; the act or process of smelling.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25368
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aac8",
"name": "olfactory perception",
"definition_text": "the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25369
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aad4",
"name": "orthographic lexicon",
"definition_text": "A set of representations of orthographic information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25370
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab42",
"name": "parsing",
"definition_text": "to resolve (as a sentence) into component parts of speech and describe them grammatically",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25371
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab4d",
"name": "passive attention",
"definition_text": "refers to the involuntary process directed by external events that stand out from their environment, such as a bright flash, a strong odor, or a sudden loud noise.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25372
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab59",
"name": "past tense",
"definition_text": "refers to a form of a verb that indicates that the action already has occurred ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25373
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab65",
"name": "pattern recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying a meaningful pattern in raw data.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25374
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab70",
"name": "pavlovian conditioning",
"definition_text": "a form of learning in which a stimulus (designated the "conditional stimulus" or CS and being one without inherent significance) is paired with an unconditional stimulus or US, so named because it is biologically significant (e.g. food, sex, drug, pain), until the participant responds to the former in a way that conveys its association of the two. Importantly, participant response may be different between the US and its paired CS.",
"alias": "classical conditioning, respondent conditioning",
"ID(c)": 25375
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab7c",
"name": "perception",
"definition_text": "the conscious experience or mental registration of a sensory stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25376
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab88",
"name": "perceptual binding",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive ability to couple characteristics between items that one is perceiving. This can be illustrated by the one observing a blue square and a yellow circle. Through the neural mechanisms of perceptual binding, one can ensure that the sensing of blue is coupled to that of a square shape and that of yellow is coupled to that of a circle.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25377
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab93",
"name": "perceptual categorization",
"definition_text": "A selective system that can have no a priori information about the particular stimuli that might be encountered in its environment, other than boundary conditions implicit in the construction of its recognizing elements. Perceptual categorization, according to this view, does not involve the "reading in" of readily available information about the stimulus category; rather, it involves the utilization of multiple cues in degenerate, overlapping sets and under the influence of context. \r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25378
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ab9f",
"name": "perceptual fluency",
"definition_text": "is the ease at which the brain can process information.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25379
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abaa",
"name": "perceptual identification",
"definition_text": "has two different processing stages. The first stage yields a state of of perceptual information about the stimulus presented. The second stage is the processing of attained perceptual information in a response. \r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25380
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abb6",
"name": "perceptual learning",
"definition_text": "long lasting improvement in performing perceptual (visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory or taste) tasks as a function of experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25381
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abc1",
"name": "perceptual similarity",
"definition_text": "Perceptual similarity is the subjective similarity between two stimuli as perceived by the observer. Thus, object A may be rated as more similar to object B than to object C despite a greater difference in some physical metric (such as height or width) between objects A and C than between objects A and B. This may differ across modalities: for example, two objects may be rated as more similar when seen than when touched. However, the physical, objective similarity between the two objects remains the same regardless of which modality is used to explore them.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25382
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0abcd",
"name": "perceptual skill",
"definition_text": "The ability to observe and understand the events surrounding an individual.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25383
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac30",
"name": "performance monitoring",
"definition_text": "the online evaluation of one's performance on a task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25384
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac4a",
"name": "phonation",
"definition_text": "process by which the vocal folds produce certain sounds through quasi-periodic vibration; any oscillatory state of any part of the larynx that modifies the airstream.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25385
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac61",
"name": "phonological buffer",
"definition_text": "a passive storage device that is part of the articulatory rehearsal loop; serves as a part of the mechanisms ordinarily needed for hearing. In rehearsal, the buffer is loaded by means of subvocalization.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25386
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac7a",
"name": "phonological code",
"definition_text": "A representation of information using phonological features",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25387
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac87",
"name": "phonological encoding",
"definition_text": "involves retrieval of segmental and supra-segmental information and the generation of a syllabified phonological word, and the computation of the phonetic form of the intended utterance, referred to as phonetic encoding.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25388
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac93",
"name": "phonological retrieval",
"definition_text": "The retrieval of phonological representations based on other cues",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25389
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ac9e",
"name": "phonological working memory",
"definition_text": "The process of maintaining sound information online for a limited amount of time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25390
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0acc1",
"name": "planning",
"definition_text": "formulation, evaluation and selection of a sequence of actions to achieve a desired goal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25391
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad12",
"name": "pragmatic inference",
"definition_text": "Inferences are made when a person (or machine) goes beyond available evidence to form a conclusion. A pragmatic inference (also known as an inductive inference) is one which is likely to be true because of the state of the world. Unlike deductive inferences, pragmatic (inductive) inferences do yield conclusions that increase the semantic information over and above that found in the initial premises. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25392
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad1d",
"name": "pragmatic knowledge",
"definition_text": "is how individuals communicate meaning and how they produce contextually appropriate utterances, sentences, or texts. Pragmatic knowledge includes sociolinguistic and functional knowledge. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25393
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad29",
"name": "pragmatic reasoning",
"definition_text": "Pragmatic reasoning is defined as the process of finding the intended meaning(s) of the given, and it is suggested that this amounts to the process of inferring the appropriate context(s) in which to interpret the given.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25394
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad41",
"name": "preattentive processing",
"definition_text": "background activity that necessarily precedes conscious mental activity; major purpose is the preparation of sensory input for use in focal-attentive processes including encoding of the basic properties of sensory input.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25395
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad4c",
"name": "preconscious perception",
"definition_text": "is the subthreshold process of visual perception. \r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25396
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad64",
"name": "prejudice",
"definition_text": "preconceived judgment or opinion; an adverse opinion or leaning formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge; an irrational attitude of hostility directed against an individual, a group, a race, or their supposed characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25397
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ad94",
"name": "primary memory",
"definition_text": "the temporary maintenance system for conscious processing of information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25398
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adab",
"name": "proactive interference",
"definition_text": "the forgetting of information due to interference from the traces of events or learning that occurred prior to the materials to be remembered; occurs when in any given context, past memories inhibit an individualâs full potential to retain new memories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25399
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adb7",
"name": "problem solving",
"definition_text": "Broadly, the mental processes involved in finding a solution to a problem.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25400
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adc3",
"name": "procedural knowledge",
"definition_text": "Knowledge exercised in the performance of a task/activity. Its acquisition or structure is often unavailable to the actor.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25401
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adcf",
"name": "procedural learning",
"definition_text": "The acquisition of a skill or ability through practice which is not accessible to verbalization or conscious awareness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25402
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0addc",
"name": "procedural memory",
"definition_text": "memory for how to do things; procedural memories are automatically retrieved and utilized for the execution of the step-by-step procedures involved in both cognitive and motor skills.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25403
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ade8",
"name": "procedural rule",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25404
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0adf4",
"name": "processing capacity",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25405
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae00",
"name": "processing stage",
"definition_text": "A subset of mental operations that are confined some feature space of information within a stream and/or hierarchy of mental operations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25406
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae17",
"name": "pronunciation",
"definition_text": "the way a word or a language is spoken, or the manner in which someone utters a word.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25407
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae2b",
"name": "proper noun",
"definition_text": "A subject that usually indicates a particular person, place, or object.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25408
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae3d",
"name": "proprioception",
"definition_text": "the sense of the relative position of neighboring parts of the body.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25409
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae58",
"name": "prosodic stress",
"definition_text": "the stress and intonation patterns of an utterance. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25410
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae64",
"name": "prosody",
"definition_text": "the rhythm, stress, and intonation of speech.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25411
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae70",
"name": "prospective memory",
"definition_text": "remembering to perform an intended action...prospective memory is self-initiated and does not operate directly on external stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25412
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae7b",
"name": "prospective planning",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25413
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ae87",
"name": "prototype",
"definition_text": "A most common, standard or basic mental representation of some category.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25414
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aeaa",
"name": "quantitative skill",
"definition_text": "the ability to to use mathematical concepts to solve problems. \r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25415
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aeb6",
"name": "reading",
"definition_text": "Decoding symbols to derive their meaning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25416
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aec1",
"name": "reasoning",
"definition_text": "drawing of inferences or conclusions through the use of reason.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25417
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aecd",
"name": "regret",
"definition_text": "an emotional response to remembrance of a past state, condition, or experience that one wishes had been different",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25418
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aed8",
"name": "relational learning",
"definition_text": "learning to differentiate among stimuli on the basis of relational properties (e.g., the larger of two stimuli) rather than absolute properties (e.g., the stimulus that has a given size).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25419
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aee4",
"name": "remote memory",
"definition_text": "memory for events of long ago as opposed to recent events.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25420
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aeef",
"name": "repressed memory",
"definition_text": "A memory (often traumatic) that is unavailable for recall.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25421
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af4c",
"name": "resource limit",
"definition_text": "the maximum amount of cognitive resources that can be allocated to various, often competing tasks",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25422
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af5a",
"name": "resource sharing",
"definition_text": "is a unique characteristic of humans and several primates that involve sharing resources such as food, shelter, etc., as a collective risk-reduction against variability in resource supply.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25423
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af66",
"name": "response inhibition",
"definition_text": "Suppression of actions that are inappropriate in a given context and that interfere with goal-driven behavior.",
"alias": "motor inhibition",
"ID(c)": 25424
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af71",
"name": "response selection",
"definition_text": "The selection of one action from a limited set of possible actions.",
"alias": "action selection, motor execution",
"ID(c)": 25425
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af7d",
"name": "retention",
"definition_text": "a preservation of the aftereffects of experience and learning that makes recall or recognition possible.\r\nPersistence of learned behavior or experience during a period when it is not being performed o r practiced.\r\nRetention is the second stage of memory after encoding and before retrival",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25426
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0af94",
"name": "retrieval",
"definition_text": "The process of accessing information from memory or other storage devices; the possibility of recovery, restoration, or rectification.\r\nRetrieval is the third stage of memory after encoding and retention.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25427
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afa0",
"name": "retrieval cue",
"definition_text": "An event or experience that facilitates retrieval of information from long-term memory because of its association to that information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25428
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afab",
"name": "retroactive interference",
"definition_text": "impeded retrieval and performance of previously learnt information due to newly acquired and practiced information.",
"alias": "retroactive inhibition",
"ID(c)": 25429
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afc3",
"name": "rhythm",
"definition_text": "Movement marked by the regulated succession of strong and weak elements, or of opposite or different conditions. While rhythm most commonly applies to sound, such as music and spoken language, it may also refer to visual presentation, as timed movement through space.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25430
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afcf",
"name": "risk",
"definition_text": "Formally and mathematically speaking, the minimal definition of risk is what (Rothschild and Stiglitz, 1970) call a mean-preserving increase in dispersion. A typical example is a gamble offering $400 or $600 based on the outcome of a coin flip (i.e. with equal probability (50%)); this is less risky as compared to a similar gamble offering $200 or $800 [again depending on the outcome of a coin flip]. Notice here that the mean outcome (or âexpected valueâ) remains the same for both gambles.\r\n\r\nThus risk can increase by keeping both the probabilities and the expected value the same. \r\n\r\nThere are other approaches to risk that are less mathematically stringent but have higher ecological validity. For instance increasing the probability of a (positive outcome) is associated with a reduced perception of risk. Notice though now that the expected value (or the mean outcome) also increases. So, it is difficult in that case to disentangle the two metrics.\r\n\r\nMany times the term risk is associated with the probability of a negative outcome, or what is formally called downside risk. This idea is mostly due to the way actuarial science and insurance companies (which are more interested in the negative aspects of risk) use the term. For instance, the statement, ânow we increase the risk,â might be translated as taking more perilous actions, but formally, this is not the case. The point of risk is that the opportunity also increases (âupsideâ risk). Thus, a situation that is riskier can be attractive, especially if the agent focuses on the positive outcomes.\r\n\r\nAnother approach is the so-called âmoment-basedâ approach. Here, one is interested in the second or higher moments of a distribution, roughly corresponding to variance, skewness and kurtosis. Skewness is of particular interest because it seems that risk-seeking persons (gamblers) can be attracted by positively skewed outcomes. Bets that offer a small probability of a high outcome are attractive to gamblers (Garrett and Sobel, 1999).\r\n\r\nOverall, risk is not a unitary concept and should be very carefully defined.\r\n\r\nNote that the term risk as used here should be distinguished from the way the term is used in sentences such as "risk of developing Parkinson's disease". An epidemiologist could help on the definition in that context.\r\n\r\nInput by other contributors:\r\nthe probability or likelihood that an event will occur; possibility of loss or injury; someone or something that creates or suggests a hazard; the chance that an investment will lose value.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25431
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afda",
"name": "route knowledge",
"definition_text": "is represented as a series of directions to follow to get from one place to another.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25432
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0afe6",
"name": "routine",
"definition_text": "a regular course of procedure; habitual or mechanical performance of an established procedure; a reiterated speech or formula; a sequence of computer instructions for performing a particular task.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25433
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0aff2",
"name": "rule",
"definition_text": "a method for performing a psychological operation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25434
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0affd",
"name": "rule learning",
"definition_text": "process in which a participant gradually acquires knowledge about a fixed but unstated standard that defines, for example, the acceptability of a response or membership of category",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25435
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b014",
"name": "sadness",
"definition_text": "an emotion characterized by feelings of unhappiness, disadvantage, loss, and helplessness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25436
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b020",
"name": "salience",
"definition_text": "a parameter of a stimulus that indexes its effectiveness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25437
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b02c",
"name": "schema",
"definition_text": "a structured representation that includes a particular organized way of perceiving and responding to a complex situation or set of stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25438
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b037",
"name": "search",
"definition_text": "to look into or over carefully or thoroughly in an effort to find or discover something; to look through or explore by inspecting possible places of concealment or investigating suspicious circumstances; to look at as if to discover or penetrate intention or nature; to uncover, find, or come to know by inquiry or scrutiny.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25439
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b043",
"name": "selective attention",
"definition_text": "When multiple external sensory inputs are present, the process of dedicating cognitive and perceptual resources to one type/set of input and attenuating receptiveness to other inputs.",
"alias": "controlled attention, directed attention",
"ID(c)": 25440
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b05e",
"name": "self monitoring",
"definition_text": "monitoring of one's own behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25441
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b06b",
"name": "semantic category",
"definition_text": "is a grouping of vocabulary within a language, organizing words which are interrelated and define each other in various ways. Also referred to as a semantic field.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25442
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b077",
"name": "semantic knowledge",
"definition_text": "long-established knowledge about objects, facts, and word meanings.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25443
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b083",
"name": "semantic memory",
"definition_text": "refers to one's conceptual knowledge and includes the meanings of words, factual information about the world, and other information not related to specific events or episodes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25444
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b08f",
"name": "semantic working memory",
"definition_text": "Working memory for meaning",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25445
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b09a",
"name": "sensory memory",
"definition_text": "brief storage of sensory information in each of the senses, which temporarily holds material (e.g., a perceptual experience) for recoding into another memory (such as short-term memory) or for comprehension.",
"alias": "sensory-information store; sensory register",
"ID(c)": 25446
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0a6",
"name": "sequence learning",
"definition_text": "learning of a sequence of items or responses in the precise order of their presentation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25447
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0b1",
"name": "serial learning",
"definition_text": "The process of acquiring information in sequence and following an order that must be preserved at recall.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25448
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0bd",
"name": "serial processing",
"definition_text": "information processing in which only one sequence of processing operations is carried on at a time.",
"alias": "intermittent processing, sequential processing",
"ID(c)": 25449
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0c8",
"name": "serial search",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying a target within a set of candidate elements by testing the identity of each element against the identity of the sought after target one at a time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25450
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0df",
"name": "shallow processing",
"definition_text": "a mode of thinking in which one pays attention only to appearances and other superficial aspects of the material, typically leading to poor memory retention.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25451
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0eb",
"name": "shame",
"definition_text": "a painful emotion caused by consciousness of guilt, shortcoming, or impropriety; a condition of humiliating disgrace or disrepute; something that brings censure or reproach.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25452
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b0f7",
"name": "short-term memory",
"definition_text": "A limited-capacity and short-lasting representation of information in the mind. The duration of short-term memory is on the order of seconds, while its capacity is on the order of 4 to 9 independent items.",
"alias": "STM",
"ID(c)": 25453
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b10e",
"name": "skepticism",
"definition_text": "an attitude of doubt or a disposition to incredulity either in general or toward a particular object.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25454
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b11a",
"name": "skill",
"definition_text": " Proficiency, facility, or dexterity that is acquired or developed through training or experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25455
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b125",
"name": "skill acquisition",
"definition_text": "The process of learning to perform a task or set of tasks with increasing facility. Typically implies the formation of procedural (as distinct from semantic or episodic) memories.",
"alias": "skill learning",
"ID(c)": 25456
},
{
"id": "trm_4fb3f4d58aeb0",
"name": "Gestalt grouping",
"definition_text": "the ways in which elements are perceived to be grouped together, most often described for auditory and visual perception, but may also be a factor for other modalities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25457
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b13d",
"name": "social cognition",
"definition_text": "the encoding, storage, retrieval, and processing, in the brain, of information relating to conspecifics, or members of the same species.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25458
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b148",
"name": "social context",
"definition_text": "the identical or similar social positions and social roles as a whole that influence the individuals of a group.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25459
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b154",
"name": "social intelligence",
"definition_text": "the ability to function successfully in interpersonal situations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25460
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b160",
"name": "somatosensation",
"definition_text": "the components of the central and peripheral nervous systems that receive and interpret sensory information from organs in the joints, ligaments, muscles, and skin. This system processes information about the length, degree of stretch, tension, and contraction of muscles; pain; temperature; pressure; and joint position.",
"alias": "somatosensory perception",
"ID(c)": 25461
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b18f",
"name": "source memory",
"definition_text": "the episodic source from which a specific item was acquired (e.g., from a person, a book, or television (Schacter, Kaszniak, Kihlstrom, & Valdiserri, 1991, p. 559).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25462
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b19b",
"name": "source monitoring",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying the the source or context at acquisition of information that has been stored in memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25463
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1a6",
"name": "spatial ability",
"definition_text": "skill in perceiving the visual world, transforming and modifying initial perceptions, and mentally recreating spatial aspects of one's visual experience without the relevant stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25464
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1b2",
"name": "spatial attention",
"definition_text": "The allocation or prioritization of mental resources based on spatial coordinates (with respect to the body, head etc).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25465
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1bd",
"name": "spatial cognition",
"definition_text": "the acquisition, organization, utilization, and revision of knowledge about spatial environments.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25466
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1d5",
"name": "spatial memory",
"definition_text": "the part of memory responsible for recording information about one's environment and its spatial orientation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25467
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1e0",
"name": "spatial working memory",
"definition_text": "The ability to maintain online information that relates to space. This process has limited capacity and its contents are not stored permanently.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25468
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b1f7",
"name": "speech perception",
"definition_text": "the process by which the sounds of language are heard, interpreted and understood. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25469
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b238",
"name": "speech processing",
"definition_text": "the processing of speech signals",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25470
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b247",
"name": "speech production",
"definition_text": "is the process by which spoken words are selected to be produced, have their phonetics formulated and then finally are articulated by the motor system in the vocal apparatus. Speech production can be spontaneous such as when a person creates the words of a conversation, reaction such as when they name a picture or read aloud a written word, or a vocal imitation such as in speech repetition. Speech production is not the same as language production since language can also be produced manually by signs.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25471
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b26d",
"name": "spreading activation",
"definition_text": "a method for searching associative networks, neural networks, or semantic networks; the search process is initiated by labeling a set of source nodes (e.g. concepts in a semantic network) with weights or "activation" and then iteratively propagating or "spreading" that activation out to other nodes linked to the source nodes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25472
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b279",
"name": "stereopsis",
"definition_text": "the process in visual perception leading to the sensation of depth from the two slightly different projections of the world onto the retinas of the two eyes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25473
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b285",
"name": "stereotypes",
"definition_text": "something conforming to a fixed or general pattern; a standardized mental picture that is held in common by members of a group and that represents an oversimplified opinion, prejudiced attitude, or uncritical judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25474
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b29c",
"name": "strategy",
"definition_text": "A plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25475
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2a8",
"name": "stress",
"definition_text": "refers to the consequence of the failure of an organism â human or animal â to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats, whether actual or imagined.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25476
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2b4",
"name": "sublexical route",
"definition_text": "is a theoretical component of Coltheart's dual-route reading model that refers to using spelling-to-sound correspondences to convert a written word (i.e. orthography) into a spoken word (i.e. phonology). In other words, it is the route by which letters are linked to their sounds and the sounds are assembled into a whole word pronunciation. It complements the lexical route where the whole word is recognized and linked to its sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25477
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2bf",
"name": "subliminal perception",
"definition_text": "a visual or auditory message that is allegedly perceived psychologically, but not consciously;\r\noccurs when a stimulus is too weak to be perceived yet a person is influenced by it.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25478
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b2fa",
"name": "supervisory attentional system",
"definition_text": "a loosely defined collection of brain processes that are responsible for planning, cognitive flexibility, abstract thinking, rule acquisition, initiating appropriate actions and inhibiting inappropriate actions, and selecting relevant sensory information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25479
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b306",
"name": "surprise",
"definition_text": "a brief emotional state that is the result of experiencing an unexpected relevant event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25480
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b311",
"name": "sustained attention",
"definition_text": "the ability to maintain a consistent behavioral response during continuous and repetitive activity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25481
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b340",
"name": "syntactic parsing",
"definition_text": "the way that human beings, rather than computers, analyze a sentence or phrase (in spoken language or text) in terms of grammatical constituents, identifying the parts of speech, syntactic relations, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25482
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b34b",
"name": "syntactic processing",
"definition_text": "processing of the structural and grammatical aspects of language",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25483
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b357",
"name": "syntax",
"definition_text": "the processing of elements (e.g. linguistic elements, like words) that are grouped to form constituents in a connected or orderly manner (e.g. phrases or clauses), implying an harmonious arrangement of such elements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25484
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b363",
"name": "taste aversion",
"definition_text": "occurs when the taste of a certain food is associated with symptoms caused by a toxic, spoiled, or poisonous substance; generally caused after ingestion of the food causes nausea, sickness, or vomiting. The ability to develop a taste aversion is considered an adaptive trait or survival mechanism that trains the body to avoid poisonous substances (e.g., poisonous berries) before they can cause harm.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25485
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b37a",
"name": "text comprehension",
"definition_text": "Intentional thinking during which meaning is constructed through interactions between text and reader.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25486
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b386",
"name": "text processing",
"definition_text": "The handling of alphabetic characters",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25487
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b392",
"name": "theory of mind",
"definition_text": "the ability for a person to connect emotional states to themselves and others and understand that other people may have different beliefs, desires, or intentions from one's self. It is intimately connected with the development of a person's ability to analyze and interpret the intentions of others.",
"alias": "mentalizing",
"ID(c)": 25488
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b39d",
"name": "thermosensation",
"definition_text": "the sensory perception of thermal stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25489
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3cb",
"name": "top down processing",
"definition_text": "perceptions formed by starting with the larger concept or idea, then working down to the finer details of that concept or idea.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25490
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3ef",
"name": "traumatic memory",
"definition_text": "A type of memory results from trauma experience, such as a natural disaster or violent events.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25491
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3fa",
"name": "uncertainty",
"definition_text": "the lack of knowledge regarding the likelihood of potential outcomes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25492
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b406",
"name": "unconscious process",
"definition_text": "a mental process that you are not directly aware of.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25493
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b412",
"name": "utility",
"definition_text": "a measure of the subjective worth of an outcome.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25494
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b429",
"name": "valence",
"definition_text": "the degree of attractiveness an individual, activity, or thing possesses as a behavioral goal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25495
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b44c",
"name": "verbal fluency",
"definition_text": "the ability to rapidly access your mental vocabulary while talking or writing.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25496
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b457",
"name": "verbal memory",
"definition_text": "Recall based on spoken words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25497
},
{
"id": "trm_4fb2c38960950",
"name": "optical illusion",
"definition_text": "A phenomenon in which what is visually perceived does not reflect the nature of the objective stimulus.",
"alias": "visual illusion",
"ID(c)": 25498
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b46f",
"name": "visual attention",
"definition_text": "two-stage process in which attention is distributed uniformly over the external visual scene and processing of information is performed in parallel, attention is then concentrated to a specific area of the visual scene (i.e. it is focused), and processing is performed in a serial fashion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25499
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b47b",
"name": "visual buffer",
"definition_text": "a short-term memory store for visual information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25500
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b487",
"name": "visual imagery",
"definition_text": "an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25501
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b492",
"name": "visual masking",
"definition_text": "the reduction or elimination of the visibility of a brief a target stimulus by the presentation of a second stimulus (the mask) contiguous in space and/or time",
"alias": "masking",
"ID(c)": 25502
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b49e",
"name": "visual memory",
"definition_text": "a part of memory preserving some characteristics of our senses pertaining to visual experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25503
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4a9",
"name": "visual object recognition",
"definition_text": "is the process of identifying an object based on its visual attributes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25504
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4b5",
"name": "visual perception",
"definition_text": "Visual perception is the ability to interpret the surrounding environment by processing information that is contained in visible light. The resulting perception is also known as eyesight, sight, or vision.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25505
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4c1",
"name": "visual representation",
"definition_text": "An internal representation of visual information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25506
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4cd",
"name": "visual search",
"definition_text": "orienting for targets in an array or a natural scene, through both covert and overt shifts in attention; this is different from the visual search task in that it refers to a general phenomenon and not to a paradigm.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25507
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b4d8",
"name": "visual working memory",
"definition_text": "The ability to maintain visual information online for a limited time interval (~ 4 sec). This information is not stored permanently.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25508
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b507",
"name": "visuospatial sketch pad",
"definition_text": "The cognitive construct and mental process of temporarily storing visual and spatial information for online use in operations of working memory (c.f., Alan Baddeley) . ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25509
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b530",
"name": "wisdom",
"definition_text": "accumulated philosophic or scientific learning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25510
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b548",
"name": "word comprehension",
"definition_text": "the ability to understand the meaning of words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25511
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b55f",
"name": "word generation",
"definition_text": "The cognitive process of producing words on ones own term instead of extracting them from an outside source. ",
"alias": "word production",
"ID(c)": 25512
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b56b",
"name": "word order",
"definition_text": "is the sequence of the syntactic constituents of a language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25513
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b583",
"name": "word pronunciation",
"definition_text": "is the act or result of producing the sounds of speech, including articulation, stress, and intonation, often with reference to some standard of correctness or acceptability.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25514
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b58f",
"name": "word recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability of a reader to recognize words correctly and virtually effortlessly.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25515
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b59b",
"name": "word repetition",
"definition_text": "Overt pronounciation of auditorily presented words",
"alias": "overt repetition",
"ID(c)": 25516
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5a7",
"name": "working memory",
"definition_text": "active maintenance and flexible updating of goal/task relevant information (items, goals, strategies, etc.) in a form that resists interference but has limited capacity. These representations may involve flexible binding of representations, may be characterized by the absence of external support for the internally maintained representations, and are frequently temporary due to ongoing interference\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25517
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5c0",
"name": "action initiation",
"definition_text": "the facilitation or initiation of an act",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25518
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5d7",
"name": "attention shift",
"definition_text": "The change that occurs when information that is currently active in the mind is replaced by other information. The information content is typically sensory in nature.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25519
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5e3",
"name": "attention span",
"definition_text": "Amount of time or space that an individual can dedicate to particular task or content without becoming distracted.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25520
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5ef",
"name": "attentional focusing",
"definition_text": "The ability to focus attention on cues in the environment that are relevant to the task in hand; can also include suppression of distracting stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25521
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b5fb",
"name": "attention shifting",
"definition_text": "The process by which information that is currently relevant in the mind is replaced by other information. This information is typically sensory in nature but may also be semantic.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25522
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b607",
"name": "set shifting",
"definition_text": "disengagement of an irrelevant task set and subsequent engagement of a relevant task set despite interference and/or priming",
"alias": "mental set shifting, task set reconfiguration",
"ID(c)": 25523
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b613",
"name": "task switching",
"definition_text": "The process of switching from one task or goal to another, depending on the context or instructions, that is, the process of switching between task sets.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25524
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b61f",
"name": "decision",
"definition_text": "The outcome of a process during which a choice is made, usually between several possible options",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25525
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b636",
"name": "framing",
"definition_text": "Framing is a method of biasing opinions- a framing effect occurs when the description of information, such as a speaker presenting an issue, has an emphasis on a subset of potentially <br />\r\nrelevant considerations and causes individuals to focus on these considerations when constructing their opinions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25526
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b642",
"name": "risk aversion",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25527
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b64e",
"name": "risk seeking",
"definition_text": "The willingness of an individual to choose an option with a less-than-certain probability of reward over an option with a certain reward of equal or higher expected value. \r\n\r\nBEHAVIORAL PHENOMENA",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25528
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b65a",
"name": "emotion perception",
"definition_text": "The process involving understanding feelings with different valences of oneself or of others",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25529
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b665",
"name": "emotion recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of assigning an emotion to one of the discrete categories of emotion available in a particular culture.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25530
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b671",
"name": "emotional bonding",
"definition_text": "A process of bringing people together based on mutually shared emotions.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25531
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b67d",
"name": "empathy",
"definition_text": "The act of understanding, being aware of, being sensitive to, and or experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of another. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25532
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b689",
"name": "fear",
"definition_text": "A state of high negative emotional arousal triggered by an impending threat (real or imaginary) and generally associated with the flight or fight response. Fear is the activation of the brainâs defensive motivational system to promote behaviors that protect the organism from perceived danger. Normal fear involves a pattern of adaptive responses to conditioned or unconditioned threat stimuli (exteroceptive or interoceptive). Fear can involve internal representations and cognitive processing, and can be modulated by a variety of factors.",
"alias": "acute threat",
"ID(c)": 25533
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b695",
"name": "frustration",
"definition_text": "a deep chronic sense or state of insecurity and dissatisfaction arising from unresolved problems or unfulfilled needs.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25534
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6a1",
"name": "grief",
"definition_text": "deep and poignant distress caused by or as if by bereavement.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25535
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6ad",
"name": "happiness",
"definition_text": "a state of mind or feeling characterized by contentment, love, satisfaction, pleasure, or joy.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25536
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6c5",
"name": "discourse",
"definition_text": "the capacity of orderly thought or procedure, verbal interchange of ideas; formal and orderly and usually extended expression of thought on a subject, connected speech or writing, linguistic unit larger than a sentence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25537
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6d1",
"name": "discourse comprehension",
"definition_text": "Discourse comprehension is the act of interpreting a written or spoken message by integrating the incoming information into the memory or knowledge structures of the interpreter.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25538
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6dd",
"name": "discourse knowledge",
"definition_text": "knowledge regarding discourse\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25539
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6e9",
"name": "discourse planning",
"definition_text": "the formulation of structures, patterns, mental representations, and processes that constitute the written and spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25540
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b6f5",
"name": "discourse processing",
"definition_text": "is the cognitive process that investigates the structures, patterns, mental representations, and processes that underlie the written and spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25541
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b701",
"name": "discourse production",
"definition_text": "the formation of a spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25542
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b756",
"name": "grammatical encoding",
"definition_text": "the selection of semantically appropriate lexical items and the generation of a syntactic frame or surface form.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25543
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b76e",
"name": "grapheme",
"definition_text": "a unit (as a letter or digraph) of a writing system; the set of units of a writing system (as letters and letter combinations) that represent a phoneme.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25544
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b779",
"name": "graphemic buffer",
"definition_text": "a component dedicated to the temporary storage of abstract orthographic representations prior to their format-specific expression in spelling and/or reading.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25545
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b7b5",
"name": "illocutionary force",
"definition_text": "a speaker's intention in delivering an utterance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25546
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b7f4",
"name": "language acquisition",
"definition_text": "the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive, produce and use words to understand and communicate.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25547
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b802",
"name": "language processing",
"definition_text": "the way human beings process speech or writing and understand it as language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25548
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b80f",
"name": "lexical access",
"definition_text": "the process by which contact is made with the lexicon on the basis of an initial acoustic-phonetic or phonological representation of some portion of the speech input, the result of lexical success is a cohort of potential word candidates which are compatible with this initial analysis.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25549
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b81b",
"name": "lexical ambiguity",
"definition_text": "the presence of two or more possible meanings within a single word.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25550
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b826",
"name": "lexical processing",
"definition_text": "A general term referring to the processing of single words, typically in the context of visual or auditory word recognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25551
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b832",
"name": "morphological processing",
"definition_text": "is how the brain registers the patterns of word formation in a particular language, including inflection, derivation, and composition. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25552
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b83e",
"name": "morphology",
"definition_text": "the structure and content of word forms",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25553
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b84a",
"name": "orthography",
"definition_text": "the representation of the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols; a part of language study that deals with letters and spelling.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25554
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b862",
"name": "phonetics",
"definition_text": "the system of speech sounds of a language or group of languages; the study and systematic classification of the sounds made in spoken utterance.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25555
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b87a",
"name": "semantic processing",
"definition_text": "the cognitive processing of extracting meaning from any form of language (e.g. human language, programming language) as well as formal logics and semiotics",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25556
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b892",
"name": "sentence comprehension",
"definition_text": "takes place whenever a reader or listener processes a language utterance, either in isolation or in the context of a conversation or a text.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25557
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b89e",
"name": "sentence processing",
"definition_text": "takes place whenever a reader or listener cognitively processes a language utterance, either in isolation or in the context of a conversation or a text.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25558
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8aa",
"name": "sentence production",
"definition_text": "The creation and/or utterance of a sentence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25559
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8b5",
"name": "active recall",
"definition_text": "a principle of efficient learning, which claims the need to actively stimulate memory during the learning process.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25560
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8c1",
"name": "active retrieval",
"definition_text": "Effortful (volitional) attempt to consciously recollect a memory; often required when retrieval cannot be automatically driven by stimuli.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25561
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8cd",
"name": "consolidation",
"definition_text": "the process by which a representation becomes stabilized",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25562
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8d9",
"name": "elaborative rehearsal",
"definition_text": "a type of rehearsal proposed by Craik and Lockhart (1972) in their Levels of Processing model of memory. Elaborative rehearsal involves deep semantic processing of a to-be-remembered item resulting in the production of durable memories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25563
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8e5",
"name": "encoding",
"definition_text": "The process of creating a new memory trace.",
"alias": "memory encoding",
"ID(c)": 25564
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8f0",
"name": "episodic buffer",
"definition_text": "A theoretical construct that is part of Alan Baddeley's working memory model and the object of which is to integrate information across sensory domains and communicate with long term memory in the service of working memory. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25565
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b8fc",
"name": "familiarity",
"definition_text": "A quality of memory that is associated with a feeling of knowing that an event has previously occurred, but often not including enough contextual or episodic details sufficient for claiming actual remembering of the event.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25566
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b908",
"name": "forgetting",
"definition_text": "The loss of or inability to retrieve a memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25567
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b914",
"name": "memory acquisition",
"definition_text": "is the process of storage and retrieval of new information in memory.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25568
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b920",
"name": "memory consolidation",
"definition_text": "a category of processes that stabilize a memory trace after the initial acquisition. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25569
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b92c",
"name": "memory decay",
"definition_text": "the loss of memory over time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25570
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b938",
"name": "memory storage",
"definition_text": "The representation of information in the brain in a form that enables potential retrieval at a later time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25571
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b943",
"name": "memory trace",
"definition_text": "A residual, and often decayed, neural representation of previous knowledge or experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25572
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b94f",
"name": "metamemory",
"definition_text": "subjective awareness of and knowledge about memory, and strategies for its effective access and application; includes: awareness of memory contents, different and appropriate memory strategies for particular tasks, and how to use a given memory strategy most effectively.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25573
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b95b",
"name": "recall",
"definition_text": "The process of retrieving previously stored information, done without the aid of external cues.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25574
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b967",
"name": "recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25575
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b972",
"name": "reconsolidation",
"definition_text": "the process of previously consolidated memories being recalled and actively consolidated, it is a distinct process that serves to maintain, strengthen and modify memories that are already stored in the long-term memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25576
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b98a",
"name": "acuity",
"definition_text": "accuracy of perception. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25577
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b996",
"name": "echolocation",
"definition_text": "the general method of locating objects by determining the time for an echo to return and the direction from which it returns, used by some animals",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25578
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9a1",
"name": "edge detection",
"definition_text": "a fundamental tool in image processing and computer vision, particularly in the areas of feature detection and feature extraction, which aim at identifying points in a digital image at which the image brightness changes sharply or more formally has discontinuities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25579
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9ad",
"name": "feature detection",
"definition_text": "a process of recognizing specific aspects of a stimulus, such as lines, edges, angle, or movement. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25580
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9d1",
"name": "figure ground reversal",
"definition_text": "Occurs in certain visual illusions (e.g., Vases and Faces or "Rubin's Vase") in which there are multiple valid figure-ground segmentations that can be selected depending on an observer's interpretation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25581
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9dd",
"name": "figure ground segregation",
"definition_text": "Discriminating objects from their surroundings by the visual system.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25582
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b9e9",
"name": "gustation processing",
"definition_text": "Form of chemoreception that facilitates taste perception.",
"alias": "gustation",
"ID(c)": 25583
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba01",
"name": "memory retrieval",
"definition_text": "the process of accessing a stored memory",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25584
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba0d",
"name": "active maintenance",
"definition_text": "The maintenance of information in working memory through active (volitional) rather than passive means",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25585
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba19",
"name": "articulatory loop",
"definition_text": "one of the subsystems postulated in Alan Baddeleyâs multicomponent model of WORKING MEMORY, specialized for the temporary storage of verbal information. It consists of a phonological store and an articulatory rehearsal process. The phonological store can hold speech-based information, subject to a rapid decay. The articulatory rehearsal process can refresh the decaying representation by reading it off and feeding it back to the store. It also serves to convert visually presented information (such as written words) into phonological codes and register them into the phonological store. ",
"alias": "phonological loop",
"ID(c)": 25586
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba25",
"name": "central executive",
"definition_text": "Theoretical 'top-down' cognitive system responsible for the management of executive functions including planning, working memory, attention, problem solving, reasoning, inhibition, multi-tasking, and the initiation and monitoring of actions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25587
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba30",
"name": "maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25588
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba3c",
"name": "manipulation",
"definition_text": "performance of operations upon information held in working memory",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25589
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba48",
"name": "phonological loop",
"definition_text": "deals with sound or phonological information and consists of two parts: a short-term phonological store with auditory memory traces that are subject to rapid decay and an articulatory rehearsal component that can revive the memory traces. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25590
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba54",
"name": "rehearsal",
"definition_text": "The repetition of information in an attempt to maintain it longer in memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25591
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba60",
"name": "rehearsal loop",
"definition_text": "or phonological loop, also called the phonetic loop or the articulatory loop, is the part of working memory that rehearses verbal information. It consists of two parts: a short-term phonological store with auditory memory traces that are subject to rapid decay and an articulatory rehearsal component that can revive the memory traces.The first component is a phonological memory store which can hold traces of acoustic or speech based material. Material in this short term store lasts about two seconds unless it is maintained through the use of the second subcomponent, articulatory subvocal rehearsal. Prevention of articulatory rehearsal results in very rapid forgetting (a process known as decay). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25592
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba6c",
"name": "working memory retrieval",
"definition_text": "The process of accessing information that is maintained in working memory; the sub-process by which the contents of working memory are accessed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25593
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0ba77",
"name": "working memory storage",
"definition_text": "The maintenance of information of working memory; a sub-component of working memory that allows for contents of working memory to be retained.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25594
},
{
"id": "trm_4a7b128b8b2d0",
"name": "test term",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25595
},
{
"id": "trm_4aae62e4ad209",
"name": "cognitive control",
"definition_text": "The top-down modulation of cognitive processes based on higher-order representations such as goals or plans.",
"alias": "executive control, executive function",
"ID(c)": 25596
},
{
"id": "trm_4b185801de7a1",
"name": "echoic memory",
"definition_text": "refers to the phenomenon in which there is a brief mental echo that continues to sound after an auditory stimulus has been heard.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25597
},
{
"id": "trm_4b6525253c63f",
"name": "reward processing",
"definition_text": "A positive return for performance of a specific behavior.",
"alias": "reinforcement, reward",
"ID(c)": 25598
},
{
"id": "trm_4b65259eeee34",
"name": "pain",
"definition_text": "An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25599
},
{
"id": "trm_4b75ed06c917d",
"name": "joint attention",
"definition_text": "the process of alerting one person to a stimulus through nonverbal cues such as finger pointing or gazing. It is one of the first signs of the development of a theory of mind in babies and serves as an important step to later language and social development.",
"alias": "mutual knowledge",
"ID(c)": 25600
},
{
"id": "trm_4b7c270940f9d",
"name": "behavioral inhibition (cognitive)",
"definition_text": "Often used as a synonym of "response inhibition" to describe the inhibition of actions.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25601
},
{
"id": "trm_4b7c27094a093",
"name": "behavioral inhibition (temperament)",
"definition_text": "A temperamental characteristic described by shyness and social anxiety.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25602
},
{
"id": "trm_4b82c75498408",
"name": "central coherence",
"definition_text": "a person's ability to understand things in context, frequently described as a deficit in literature on autism",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25603
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e04d656f06",
"name": "interference resolution",
"definition_text": "The process of selecting information with regard to its relevance to an ongoing task and suppressing the processing of irrelevant information.",
"alias": "interference control",
"ID(c)": 25604
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e05903e4bb",
"name": "updating",
"definition_text": "The revision or refreshing of information that is maintained in working memory",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25605
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e0646a2408",
"name": "task set",
"definition_text": "The set of rules and/or stimulus-response mappings that define how a task should be performed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25606
},
{
"id": "trm_4d21e9a7dd8ca",
"name": "subconscious",
"definition_text": "Subconscious is any neural activity which has the potential to be conscious, but at the moment is processed below the level of consciousness.\r\n\r\nIn contrast to unconscious information processing, subconscious processing contains meaning (semantic information).\r\n\r\nIntuition is a good example for subconscious information processing. In other words, intuition means thinking below the level of consciousness whereby only the output enters the stream of consciousness.\r\n\r\nfrom Peter Walla",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25607
},
{
"id": "trm_4d2201d530697",
"name": "semantic information",
"definition_text": "information that is not tied to any specific object, event, domain, or application. It includes general factual information about the world (as in an encyclopedia) and oneself.",
"alias": "semantic knowledge",
"ID(c)": 25608
},
{
"id": "trm_4d7fa1a3e2a10",
"name": "paraphasia",
"definition_text": "generally refers to errors in naming. Collectively, this term is applied to any unintended error of word or sound choice.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25609
},
{
"id": "trm_4d7fa1ee2f870",
"name": "phonemic paraphasia",
"definition_text": "is the production of unintended sounds or syllables in the utterance of partially recognizable word, e.g., âpakerâ for âpaper.â\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25610
},
{
"id": "trm_4d7fa2df05f23",
"name": "neologism",
"definition_text": "is the production of nonsense word or words, usually without recognition of errors, e.g., âtableâ becomes âtilto.â\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25611
},
{
"id": "trm_4d7fc763cf777",
"name": "metacomprehension",
"definition_text": "refers to the learners' ability to monitor the degree to which they understand information being communicated to them, to recognize failures to comprehend, and to employ repair strategies when failures are identified.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25612
},
{
"id": "trm_4d920c905d465",
"name": "conceptual metaphor",
"definition_text": "In cognitive linguistics, metaphor is defined as understanding one conceptual domain in terms of another conceptual domain; for example, using one person's life experience to understand a different person's experience. A conceptual domain can be any coherent organization of experience.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25613
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5505361f160",
"name": "body representation",
"definition_text": "A mental representation of one's own body",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25614
},
{
"id": "trm_4fa3afaeef512",
"name": "delusion",
"definition_text": "A belief held despite appreciable external evidence to the contrary.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25615
},
{
"id": "trm_4fa28299dbddd",
"name": "deliberation",
"definition_text": "the process of judging the merits of multiple options, which may then be followed by choice.",
"alias": "consideration",
"ID(c)": 25616
},
{
"id": "trm_4fa295124a375",
"name": "thought",
"definition_text": "Subjectively salient cognitive processing, at least part of which may be reportable.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25617
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31ced566649",
"name": "multisensory integration",
"definition_text": "The process by which unisensory signals are combined to form a new product. It is operationally defined as a multisensory response (neural or behavioral) that is significantly different from the responses evoked by the modality-specific component stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25618
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d2241319f",
"name": "crossmodal",
"definition_text": "A complex of two or more modality-specific [unimodal] stimuli",
"alias": "cross-modal",
"ID(c)": 25619
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d365bc7e2",
"name": "unisensory",
"definition_text": "Describes any sensory process associated with a single sensory modality ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25620
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d3ba7d25b",
"name": "multisensory",
"definition_text": "a process associated with multiple sensory modalities ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25621
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31e6dca01ca",
"name": "synchrony perception",
"definition_text": "the process of perceiving whether or not the crossmodal cues (e.g., audio and visual) to an event (e.g., audiovisual speech) are in temporal synchrony with each other.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25622
},
{
"id": "trm_4e416f1373936",
"name": "tactile working memory",
"definition_text": "working memory for tactile information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25623
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5506161998c",
"name": "interoceptive representation",
"definition_text": "A representation of the internal state of the body",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25624
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5badf095692",
"name": "sense of ownership",
"definition_text": "The feeling that something is part of one self.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25625
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5faabfe8ce3",
"name": "sense of body ownership",
"definition_text": "The feeling that something is part of one's own body.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25626
},
{
"id": "trm_4e61264db33d4",
"name": "pain sensitization ",
"definition_text": "A painful stimulus is perceived more painful over the time course of stimulation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25627
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6127bd91be9",
"name": "pain habituation",
"definition_text": "A painful stimulus is perceived less painful over the time course of stimulation.",
"alias": "pain adaptation",
"ID(c)": 25628
},
{
"id": "trm_4e89aebaa311d",
"name": "priming",
"definition_text": "Priming is the effect of prior exposure to a somehow (e.g. perceptually or semantically) related stimulus on the response to a subsequent stimulus. This effect may be positive and facilitatory (e.g. naming of an object is typically faster when that object has already been recently named) or negative and detrimental (e.g. slower response to a previously ignored stimulus).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25629
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebfe9a465449",
"name": "expectancy",
"definition_text": "A belief about something in the future. Sometimes requires explicit, conscious awareness, distinct from unconscious, conditioning-based learning.",
"alias": "expectation, reward prediction error",
"ID(c)": 25630
},
{
"id": "trm_4ee8facd77dfc",
"name": "self control",
"definition_text": "The effortful control of behaviors, thoughts, or emotions with the aim of increasing the likelihood of attaining long-term over short-term outcomes.",
"alias": "Self-regulation, willpower, ego strength, self-discipline",
"ID(c)": 25631
},
{
"id": "trm_4f33e65d0daac",
"name": "embodied cognition",
"definition_text": "a theory emphasizing the essentiality of the body's interaction with the environment to cognition",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25632
},
{
"id": "trm_4f3a72a028d90",
"name": "resource",
"definition_text": "any aspect of cognition having bounded availability, eg. memory, attention",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25633
},
{
"id": "trm_4f3bdeedcc99d",
"name": "curiosity",
"definition_text": "wanting knowledge or understanding, often of a novel or unfamiliar entity ",
"alias": "inquisitiveness",
"ID(c)": 25634
},
{
"id": "trm_4ff36d79c26c6",
"name": "visual awareness",
"definition_text": "the subjective experience of seeing, emerging about 200ms after the onset of a visual stimulus; it is contrasted with unconscious visual perception",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25635
},
{
"id": "trm_4f4511e519b53",
"name": "imagination",
"definition_text": "forming mental images or concepts of what is not actually present to the senses ",
"alias": "envisagement, representation, mental conception",
"ID(c)": 25636
},
{
"id": "trm_4fafd1626bf2b",
"name": "addiction",
"definition_text": "A phenomenon sometimes conflated and sometimes contrasted with dependency, in which a person has transitioned from liking a rewarding substance or behavior to requiring it.",
"alias": "dependency",
"ID(c)": 25637
},
{
"id": "trm_4f4672db34a46",
"name": "self talk",
"definition_text": "overt verbalisation of thoughts for the purpose of self motivation, problem solving, reasoning, learning or stress management; a behavior commonly witnessed in sports-people during moments of performance pressure ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25638
},
{
"id": "trm_4f46753b8be4f",
"name": "worldview",
"definition_text": "overarching subjective account of environmental (ie. that in which an agent is situated) characteristics and functions, applicable across local and global spatiotemporal scales; a framework of ego-centric ideas and beliefs that serves to guide decision making and action, and to generate, sustain, and apply knowledge. ",
"alias": "perspective",
"ID(c)": 25639
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe3861edc919",
"name": "inattentional blindness",
"definition_text": "a phenomenon in which people fail to see an unexpected stimulus",
"alias": "perceptual blindness",
"ID(c)": 25640
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe39e4388409",
"name": "interoception",
"definition_text": "perception of stimuli inside the body, e.g. hunger, thirst, pain",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25641
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe8edc62f613",
"name": "extinction",
"definition_text": "the phenomenon by which a response to a conditional stimulus presented in absence of the unconditional stimulus diminishes over time; rather than a forgetting, it is generally believed to be a new learning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25642
},
{
"id": "trm_4fe9fae4321e7",
"name": "difference threshold",
"definition_text": "the smallest detectable difference between two stimuli",
"alias": "just noticeable difference, JND",
"ID(c)": 25643
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea04a02ce37",
"name": "binocular depth cue",
"definition_text": "a cue that provides depth information about a scene when it is viewed with both eyes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25644
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea09fac5316",
"name": "color constancy",
"definition_text": "the ability to assign stable colors despite variation in light, i.e. identifying that a given box is orange irrespective of the spectral composition or intensity of the light illuminating it",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25645
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea18ec76bc9",
"name": "feature search",
"definition_text": "search for a target according to a single feature (e.g. color)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25646
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea1aeaa7b17",
"name": "attentional blink",
"definition_text": "a phenomenon in which the participant is unable to detect a second salient visual stimulus if presented at the same spatial location within 200-500 milliseconds after the first",
"alias": "AB",
"ID(c)": 25647
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea238758d33",
"name": "change blindness",
"definition_text": "the inability to detect changes to an object or a scene even if large, repeatedly made, or anticipated; it can even occur when the subject is fixated on the item being changed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25648
},
{
"id": "trm_4fea25630ffb5",
"name": "motion aftereffect",
"definition_text": "the illusion of movement in a stationary object after prolonged viewing of a moving object",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25649
},
{
"id": "trm_4feb3f8c551cb",
"name": "overt attention",
"definition_text": "directing a sense organ at a stimulus source",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25650
},
{
"id": "trm_4feb3ffa1ab51",
"name": "covert attention",
"definition_text": "the act of focusing on one of several sensory stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25651
},
{
"id": "trm_4feb44e5ae25b",
"name": "unconscious perception",
"definition_text": "the process of perceiving a stimulus without being conscious of having seen it, measurable by electrophysiological response at the time and by recognition testing later",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25652
},
{
"id": "trm_4ff1fc04e22e8",
"name": "autonoesis",
"definition_text": "consciousness of self consistent over time, both in imagining the future and recalling the past; consciousness of subjectivity",
"alias": "autonoetic consciousness",
"ID(c)": 25653
},
{
"id": "trm_4ffca95528c88",
"name": "psychological refractory period",
"definition_text": "the phenomenon by which people are unable to make more than one conscious decision (and, by extension, unable to complete more than one task) within a few hundred milliseconds",
"alias": "PRP",
"ID(c)": 25654
},
{
"id": "trm_4ffdc96dc85b7",
"name": "noesis",
"definition_text": "a consciousness characterized by knowing or familiarity without self-reference (contrast with autonoesis)",
"alias": "noetic consciousness",
"ID(c)": 25655
},
{
"id": "trm_50070dce14554",
"name": "impulsivity",
"definition_text": "the tendency to act without adequately assessing context",
"alias": "impulsiveness",
"ID(c)": 25656
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8626d0770",
"name": "binocular rivalry",
"definition_text": "competition between the eyes for control of perception, particularly evident when different stimuli are presented to each eye",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25657
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8839c2877",
"name": "cone of confusion",
"definition_text": "a region around the head for which neither interaural time differences (ITDs) nor interaural loudness differences (ILDs) in a sound are not great enough for a person to localize the sound source",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25658
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8aef38f2c",
"name": "vection",
"definition_text": "the illusion of movement in a stationary person caused by moving visual cues",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25659
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8bcf5f29a",
"name": "visual acuity",
"definition_text": "a measure of the finest resolution perceivable by the eyes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25660
},
{
"id": "trm_500d8c8fcc520",
"name": "visual angle",
"definition_text": "the angle a viewed object subtends at the eye, usually stated in degrees of arc, and is a function of the size of the object and its distance from the eye",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25661
},
{
"id": "trm_5021684cba96c",
"name": "domain specificity",
"definition_text": "the idea in cognitive science that the mind is divided according to the content of information being processed into specialized, possibly evolved, modules",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25662
},
{
"id": "trm_5021873f37abc",
"name": "global precedence",
"definition_text": "the idea that, all else held equal, global features are perceived earlier than are local features of a given stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25663
},
{
"id": "trm_5022ef7599294",
"name": "anxiety",
"definition_text": "An aversive psychophysiological state characterized by fear, worry, or concern associated with current or impending threat often elicited by general and specific interoceptive or exteroceptive cues.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25664
},
{
"id": "trm_5024002a85b1f",
"name": "spontaneous recovery",
"definition_text": "recovery of a conditioned response following extinction, simply as a function of time",
"alias": "recovery",
"ID(c)": 25665
},
{
"id": "trm_502403240a2a2",
"name": "reinstatement",
"definition_text": "following extinction, conditioned response returns after exposure to unconditional stimulus (US) alone",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25666
},
{
"id": "trm_5029515e29f7f",
"name": "blindsight",
"definition_text": "unconscious visual perception, i.e. a phenomenon in which people can detect, discriminate between, and respond to visual stimuli without being consciously aware of them",
"alias": "blind sight",
"ID(c)": 25667
},
{
"id": "trm_502954662d63e",
"name": "feature integration",
"definition_text": "how different features of a percept are bound into a conscious whole",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25668
},
{
"id": "trm_50297454e516b",
"name": "transduction",
"definition_text": "in which information from stimuli is transduced into signals to the brain",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25669
},
{
"id": "trm_5029751d118c4",
"name": "phototransduction",
"definition_text": "in which energy from visual stimuli is transduced into a signal in the retina to the brain",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25670
},
{
"id": "trm_502ab8dd991bf",
"name": "border ownership",
"definition_text": "the determination of a local feature (i.e. a contrast edge or line) and the object to which it belongs",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25671
},
{
"id": "trm_502abeab4e1d8",
"name": "multistable perception",
"definition_text": "conflicting sensory input results in spontaneous, sometimes controllable, experiences thereof",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25672
},
{
"id": "trm_502ad54c11389",
"name": "visual orientation",
"definition_text": "use of visual stimulus information in perceiving orientation thereof or of the self",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25673
},
{
"id": "trm_502bdc6bdaa2b",
"name": "lateral masking",
"definition_text": "perceptual phenomenon in which one stimulus attenuates signals generated by another, adjacent, stimulus presented simultaneously",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25674
},
{
"id": "trm_502c139d5ed78",
"name": "crowding",
"definition_text": "target stimulus is made harder to identify when surrounded by similar non-target stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25675
},
{
"id": "trm_502c343d20523",
"name": "lexeme",
"definition_text": "the phonological form of a given lexical item being retrieved",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25676
},
{
"id": "trm_50aff037c389f",
"name": "trait anxiety",
"definition_text": "a hyper-responsive system for threat detection, differentiated from state anxiety in duration and cause",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25677
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb5469ba37a",
"name": "strength",
"definition_text": "Strength refers to a muscle's ability to generate force against physical objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25678
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb56a7867db",
"name": "balance",
"definition_text": "Balance allows humans to be able to orient the body in space, maintain an upright posture under static and dynamic conditions, and move without falling, by adjusting motoric control",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25679
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb692db57eb",
"name": "locomotion",
"definition_text": "Locomotion is the act of moving the body from one place to another. It requires input from the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, muscular power and joint and cardiovascular health. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25680
},
{
"id": "trm_50f382d7abdff",
"name": "vestibular control",
"definition_text": "The vestibular system transduces and processes angular and linear acceleration and deceleration of the head, enabling postural balance, locomotor control, and gaze stabilization, particularly during head movement. The vestibular system is an integral component of our sensory experience and sensory-motor function. Healthy peripheral and central vestibular anatomy is essential for functionally relevant gaze stability during head motion and postural control.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25681
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3c0af04e37",
"name": "life satisfaction",
"definition_text": "Oneâs cognitive evaluation of life experiences; this measure is concerned with whether people like their lives or not. Life satisfaction includes both general (e.g., my life is going well) and domain-specific (e.g., I am satisfied with my family life) aspects. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25682
},
{
"id": "trm_510059e54b2cf",
"name": "attentional bias",
"definition_text": "Attentional bias refers to the tendency for a particular class of stimuli to capture attention. The term is most typically used to refer to biases related to emotional content in bottom-up-capture attention tasks. ",
"alias": "Attention bias",
"ID(c)": 25683
},
{
"id": "trm_5154a9f45903f",
"name": "reception of facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to perceive someoneâs emotional state non-verbally based on facial expressions. Examples include affect recognition, facial recognition and characterization.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25684
},
{
"id": "trm_5154aa9735134",
"name": "productive facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to convey oneâs emotional state non-verbally via facial expressions, including eye contact, expressive reciprocation, and gaze following.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25685
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b049c279f",
"name": "Reception of non-facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to perceive social and emotional information based on modalities other than facial expression, including non-verbal gestures, affective prosody, distress calling, cooing, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25686
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b23a3156a",
"name": "Production of non-facial communication",
"definition_text": "The capacity to express social and emotional information based on modalities other than facial expression, including non-verbal gestures, affective prosody, distress calling, cooing, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25687
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b2f947fe9",
"name": "agency",
"definition_text": "The ability to recognize oneâs self as the agent of oneâs actions and thoughts, including the recognition of oneâs own body/body parts.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25688
},
{
"id": "trm_5154b39a3193d",
"name": "self knowledge",
"definition_text": "The ability to make judgments about oneâs current cognitive or emotional internal states, traits, and/or abilities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25689
},
{
"id": "trm_5159beaf80413",
"name": "animacy perception",
"definition_text": "The ability to appropriately perceive that another entity is an agent (i.e., has a face, interacts contingently, and exhibits biological motion).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25690
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c00c3dac3",
"name": "action perception",
"definition_text": "The perception of an action being performed by an animate entity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25691
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c0a633cda",
"name": "understanding mental states",
"definition_text": "The ability to make judgments and/or attributions about the mental state of other animate entities that allows one to predict or interpret their behaviors. Mental state refers to intentions, beliefs, desires, and emotions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25692
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c382bd8d4",
"name": "circadian rhythm",
"definition_text": "Endogenous, self-sustaining oscillations that organize the timing of biological systems to optimize physiology, behavior, and health. Circadian rhythms are synchronized by recurring environmental cues and attempt to anticipate the external environment. They also modulate homeostasis within the brain and other systems, tissues, and organs. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25693
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c70d0e98e",
"name": "sleep",
"definition_text": "Sleep and wakefulness are endogenous, recurring, behavioral states that reflect coordinated changes in the dynamic functional organization of the brain and that optimize physiology, behavior, and health. Homeostatic and circadian processes regulate the propensity for wakefulness and sleep. Sleep is a reversible state, characterized by postural recumbence, behavioral quiescence, and reduced responsiveness. It involves predictable cycling of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM). It is affected by experiences during wakefulness, and has restorative and transformative effects that optimize neurobehavioral functions during wakefulness.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25694
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c80c1dd24",
"name": "loss",
"definition_text": "A state of deprivation of a motivationally significant con-specific, object, or situation. Loss may be social or non-social and may include permanent or sustained loss of monetary values, shelter, behavioral control, status, loved ones, or relationships. The response to loss may be episodic (e.g., grief) or sustained.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25695
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c885a7314",
"name": "defensive aggression",
"definition_text": "A response elicited by a real or perceived threat that leads to a pattern of behaviors directed at terminating the threat.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25696
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c8a5d3d13",
"name": "offensive aggression",
"definition_text": "A response elicited by competition over resource acquisition or other positive consequences. This form of aggression often arises from differences in social status and dominance.",
"alias": "proactive aggression",
"ID(c)": 25697
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c94667677",
"name": "reward valuation",
"definition_text": "Processes by which the probability and benefits of a prospective outcome are computed and calibrated by reference to external information, social context (e.g., group input, counterfactual comparisons), and/or prior experience. This calibration is influenced by pre-existing biases, learning, memory, stimulus characteristics, and deprivation states. Reward valuation may involve the assignment of incentive salience to stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25698
},
{
"id": "trm_5159c971bf444",
"name": "effort valuation",
"definition_text": "Processes by which the cost(s) of obtaining an outcome is computed; tendency to overcome response costs to obtain a reinforcer.",
"alias": "willingness to work",
"ID(c)": 25699
},
{
"id": "trm_5159cb12a0f92",
"name": "reward learning",
"definition_text": "A process by which organisms acquire information about stimuli, actions, and contexts that predict positive outcomes, and by which behavior is modified when a novel reward occurs or outcomes are better than expected. Reward learning is a type of reinforcement learning, and similar processes may be involved in learning related to negative reinforcement.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25700
},
{
"id": "trm_51838baad343e",
"name": "semantic network",
"definition_text": "Set of concepts and relations",
"alias": "ontology",
"ID(c)": 25701
},
{
"id": "trm_51a6905a3f021",
"name": "cognitive training",
"definition_text": "Targeted exercises designed to help improve mental capacities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25702
},
{
"id": "trm_51a690a7492eb",
"name": "emotion regulation",
"definition_text": "The ability to have control over and change emotional responses, such as feelings and behaviors associated with them. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25703
},
{
"id": "trm_51a690eeadcb7",
"name": "neuroplasticity",
"definition_text": "The brain's ability to change in structure and function through experience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25704
},
{
"id": "trm_52068e5bd9aa1",
"name": "restricted behavior",
"definition_text": "A restricted behavior is a stereotyped pattern of behavior, activity, or interest. Examples include preoccupation with an object, activity, or topic, and this preoccupation is abnormal in intensity or focus. Individuals with restricted behaviors may find it challenging to break away from habit or routine.",
"alias": "repetitive behavior, stereotyped behavior",
"ID(c)": 25705
},
{
"id": "trm_52090251db8c8",
"name": "social motivation",
"definition_text": "An individual's tendency to seek out direct contact with another person or a group of people.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25706
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7afe39f78",
"name": "irritability",
"definition_text": "The quality or state of being agitated, testy, grumpy, moody, or having a short temper.",
"alias": "anger, agitation, moodiness, testy, grumpy, short tempered",
"ID(c)": 25707
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7ba79c2f1",
"name": "lethargy",
"definition_text": "a lack of energy or enthusiasm. In a social context, this means being socially withdrawn.",
"alias": "slow, socially withdrawn",
"ID(c)": 25708
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7c13bc55f",
"name": "hyperactivity",
"definition_text": "a condition characterized by excessive restlessness and movement, and commonly non-compliance",
"alias": "restlessness, movement, non-compliance",
"ID(c)": 25709
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7c886b614",
"name": "Inappropriate speech",
"definition_text": "dialogue, either to oneself or others, that is not appropriate or suitable to the current situation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25710
},
{
"id": "trm_523ca7e778c50",
"name": "internalizing",
"definition_text": "focusing negative energy on the self, often through holding back emotion, often leading to less than ideal emotional states (worry, anxiety, negativity and depression). These states are frequently present in autistic children.",
"alias": "worry, anxiety, negativity, depression",
"ID(c)": 25711
},
{
"id": "trm_523ca883711cc",
"name": "externalizing",
"definition_text": "attributing cause to factors outside of the self",
"alias": "attribution bias",
"ID(c)": 25712
},
{
"id": "trm_523e00f356226",
"name": "conduct disorder",
"definition_text": "Lacking regard for others and callous, unemotional. Characterized by repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate norms are violated.",
"alias": "callous, antisocial, unemotional",
"ID(c)": 25713
},
{
"id": "trm_523e024c14df9",
"name": "antisocial personality",
"definition_text": "avoiding the company of other people, unsociable, sometimes to the extent of injuring others or the interests of society in general",
"alias": "hermit, introvert",
"ID(c)": 25714
},
{
"id": "trm_523e034f9e69a",
"name": "defiance",
"definition_text": "bold resistance to an opposing force, power, or authority, expressed through behavior and attitude",
"alias": "disobedient, oppositional",
"ID(c)": 25715
},
{
"id": "trm_523e0419ec219",
"name": "obsession",
"definition_text": "compulsive preoccupation with a fixed idea or an unwanted feeling or emotion, often accompanied by symptoms of anxiety",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25716
},
{
"id": "trm_523e053844495",
"name": "social phobia",
"definition_text": "having a fear so strong of being judged by others and of being embarrassed that it significantly gets in the way of everyday life",
"alias": "embarrassment",
"ID(c)": 25717
},
{
"id": "trm_523e0a4b443dc",
"name": "rigidity",
"definition_text": "unable to stray from a particular pattern of behavior or thought",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25718
},
{
"id": "trm_523f5ee64102c",
"name": "agreeableness",
"definition_text": "Agreeableness is a personality trait manifesting itself in individual behavioral characteristics that are perceived as kind, sympathetic, cooperative, warm and considerate.\r\n\r\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreeableness",
"alias": "kind, sympathetic, cooperative, warm",
"ID(c)": 25719
},
{
"id": "trm_523f5f918cb2c",
"name": "openness",
"definition_text": "Openness to experience is one of the domains which are used to describe human personality in the Five Factor Model. Openness involves active imagination, aesthetic sensitivity, attentiveness to inner feelings, preference for variety, and intellectual curiosity.\r\n\r\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Openness_to_experience",
"alias": "imaginative, open, curious",
"ID(c)": 25720
},
{
"id": "trm_52405de6b7a63",
"name": "psychosis",
"definition_text": "A kind of disordered thinking for which thought and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25721
},
{
"id": "trm_52405e33adafa",
"name": "paranoia",
"definition_text": "a mental condition characterized by delusions of persecution, unwarranted jealousy, or exaggerated self-importance, typically elaborated into an organized system. It may be an aspect of chronic personality disorder, of drug abuse, or of a serious condition such as schizophrenia in which the person loses touch with reality.",
"alias": "delusional",
"ID(c)": 25722
},
{
"id": "trm_5240fddc2e43e",
"name": "phonological awareness",
"definition_text": "Explicit awareness of the abstract units that compose spoken words, including syllables, onset and rime units, and individual phonemes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25723
},
{
"id": "trm_52583d9f2ad98",
"name": "guilt",
"definition_text": "a cognitive or an emotional experience that occurs when a person realizes or believes (whether it is true or not) that he or she has compromised his or her own standards of conduct or has violated a moral standard, and bears significant responsibility for that violation.",
"alias": "remorse",
"ID(c)": 25724
},
{
"id": "trm_52583dceb345e",
"name": "anhedonia",
"definition_text": "lack of interest",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25725
},
{
"id": "trm_52583e083c9ab",
"name": "appetite",
"definition_text": "the desire to eat food",
"alias": "hunger",
"ID(c)": 25726
},
{
"id": "trm_52583e52d5e7a",
"name": "fatigue",
"definition_text": "a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy",
"alias": "tiredness",
"ID(c)": 25727
},
{
"id": "trm_52583e8a46ded",
"name": "suicidal ideation",
"definition_text": "thoughts about or an unusual preoccupation with suicide",
"alias": "suicidal, suicidal thoughts",
"ID(c)": 25728
},
{
"id": "trm_525c58f9aabae",
"name": "perfectionism",
"definition_text": "a personality trait characterized by a person's striving for flawlessness and setting excessively high performance standards, accompanied by overly critical self-evaluations and concerns regarding others' evaluations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25729
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8b8908809",
"name": "eating",
"definition_text": "An individual's preferences for food or general appetite.",
"alias": "appetite, food preference",
"ID(c)": 25730
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8cd1c9cc3",
"name": "sensory defensiveness",
"definition_text": "a condition defined as having "a tendency to react negatively or with alarm to sensory input which is generally considered harmless or non-irritating" to neurotypical people."",
"alias": "sensitivity",
"ID(c)": 25731
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8e198e0da",
"name": "sensitivity to change",
"definition_text": "an individual's ability to withstand changes in his or her environment or situation.",
"alias": "flexibility, tolerance",
"ID(c)": 25732
},
{
"id": "trm_525d8f3ed78a2",
"name": "noise sensitivity",
"definition_text": "having a tendency to react negatively or with alarm to noise input which is generally considered harmless or non-irritating to neurotypical individuals.",
"alias": "auditory sensitivity",
"ID(c)": 25733
},
{
"id": "trm_529d0d62290de",
"name": "loneliness",
"definition_text": "loneliness is a complex and unpleasant emotional response to isolation or lack of companionship.\r\n\r\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loneliness",
"alias": "isolation, solitary, alone",
"ID(c)": 25734
},
{
"id": "trm_52b5f1ef4f9cc",
"name": "phonological processing",
"definition_text": "Refers to the use of phonological information (i.e., the sound of one's language) in processing written and oral language.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25735
},
{
"id": "trm_5358ede949107",
"name": "conflict adaptation effect",
"definition_text": "The congruency effect after incongruent trials is reduced when compared with congruent trials. It is a trial-to-trial effect. Originally reported by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1992; as refered by van Steenbergen, 2010; Psychological Science). Thus:\r\n(iI-iC) ",
"alias": "conflict adaptation, trial-to-trial conflict effect",
"ID(c)": 25736
},
{
"id": "trm_568427366401c",
"name": "sentence recognition ",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected sentence into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25737
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b5f181edd",
"name": "goal selection",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25738
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b7525d7a2",
"name": "discrimination",
"definition_text": "Responding differently to stimuli that differ in some aspect",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25739
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b80525e89",
"name": "stimulus detection",
"definition_text": "It is the ability to discern between information-bearing patterns and random patterns that distract from the information",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25740
},
{
"id": "trm_5519b92bde7dc",
"name": "visual localization",
"definition_text": "Localization of visually perceived objects relative to other visually perceived objects (either simultaneously or successively) or relative to a visual norm, or by absolute identification.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25741
},
{
"id": "trm_5519ba1746e95",
"name": "perceptual priming",
"definition_text": "is based on the form of the stimulus and is enhanced by the match between the early and later stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25742
},
{
"id": "trm_5519bb7767d98",
"name": "spatial localization",
"definition_text": "reference to a definite locality in space",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25743
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0f822d95e",
"name": "Limited Capacity",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25744
},
{
"id": "trm_551f11bb8f6a8",
"name": "interference control",
"definition_text": "Protection from self-directed responses that result from disruption by competing events and responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25745
},
{
"id": "trm_56006cb5a61ac",
"name": "exogenous attention",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "stimulus-driven attention",
"ID(c)": 25746
},
{
"id": "trm_552185f5cda66",
"name": "object-based attention",
"definition_text": "refers to the relationship between an âobjectâ representation and a personâs visually stimulated, selective attention",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25747
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a0512df9a",
"name": "localization",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25748
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a2aa5b127",
"name": "conceptual priming",
"definition_text": "Conceptual priming is based on the meaning of a stimulus and is enhanced by semantic tasks. For example, table, will show priming effects on chair, because table and chair belong to the same category.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25749
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a3da10349",
"name": "positive priming",
"definition_text": "refers to increased speed of processing of priming caused by simply experiencing the stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25750
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a45a397a6",
"name": "repetition priming",
"definition_text": "refers to the finding that an initial presentation of a stimulus influences the way in which an individual will respond to that stimulus when it is presented at a later time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25751
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a51034353",
"name": "semantic priming",
"definition_text": "is where we process stimuli better depending on what comes first.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25752
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a5f310604",
"name": "associative priming",
"definition_text": "In associative priming, the target is a word that has a high probability of appearing with the prime, and is "associated" with it but not necessarily related in semantic features. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25753
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a663cd89c",
"name": "response priming",
"definition_text": "A special form of the visuomotor priming effect in which prime and target are presented in quick succession.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25754
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a6bc4db33",
"name": "kindness priming",
"definition_text": "is a specific form of priming that occurs when a subject experiences an act of kindness and subsequently experiences a lower threshold of activation when subsequently encountering positive stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25755
},
{
"id": "trm_5521a7a1376ed",
"name": "negative priming",
"definition_text": "is a kind of priming in which the speed of processing is slower than unprimed levels. It is caused by experiencing the stimulus and then ignoring it",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25756
},
{
"id": "trm_5524572b66764",
"name": "feature-based attention",
"definition_text": "direct limited processing resources on those sensory inputs that are most relevant for the task at hand",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25757
},
{
"id": "trm_5534111a8bc96",
"name": "punishment processing",
"definition_text": "the authoritative imposition of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome upon a group or individual, in response to a particular action or behaviour that is deemed unacceptable or threatening to some norm (from Wikipedia.org)",
"alias": "punish, negative feedback, punishment",
"ID(c)": 25758
},
{
"id": "trm_553967f006b70",
"name": "shape recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability to perceive a shape",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25759
},
{
"id": "trm_555cfb890d721",
"name": "relational comparison",
"definition_text": "Comparison of two stimuli based on a relational feature",
"alias": "relational matching",
"ID(c)": 25760
},
{
"id": "trm_557b471bc6cd8",
"name": "animacy decision",
"definition_text": "decision about whether a stimulus exhibits animacy",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25761
},
{
"id": "trm_557b474e2b578",
"name": "auditory tone detection",
"definition_text": "determining the presence of an auditory stimulus such as a sound or tone",
"alias": "sound detection, tone detection",
"ID(c)": 25762
},
{
"id": "trm_557b476527a27",
"name": "auditory tone discrimination",
"definition_text": "It is the ability to perceive and respond to differences among auditory stimuli",
"alias": "tone discrimination, sound discrimination",
"ID(c)": 25763
},
{
"id": "trm_557b477b4a15f",
"name": "body maintenance",
"definition_text": "keeping information about the body in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25764
},
{
"id": "trm_557b478ce1c24",
"name": "color recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected color stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25765
},
{
"id": "trm_557b47abe9a34",
"name": "decision certainty",
"definition_text": "the confidence of knowledge regarding the likelihood of an outcome.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25766
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4817db34d",
"name": "economic value processing",
"definition_text": "the process of comparing, at an idiosyncratic level, the economic value of two or more options.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25767
},
{
"id": "trm_557b482a7c62b",
"name": "emotional face recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of determining whether an emotional face is the same as another face that has been previously encountered.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25768
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4844ca14d",
"name": "emotional reappraisal",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25769
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4855a12b4",
"name": "emotional self-evaluation",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25770
},
{
"id": "trm_55e1b08e5b06c",
"name": "Dyslexia",
"definition_text": "Dyslexia is a reading impairment. There are currently 17 known types of dyslexia, each resulting from a different component of the reading process, each with different error types and different characteristics. Dyslexia can result from brain damage after reading has been acquired (acquired dyslexia), or can be present from birth (developmental dyslexia).",
"alias": "reading impairment",
"ID(c)": 25771
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4891e9265",
"name": "feature comparison",
"definition_text": "Comparison of stimuli based on a shared feature.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25772
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48a224b95",
"name": "loss anticipation",
"definition_text": "prior expectation of the occurrence of a loss, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25773
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48aeb7d58",
"name": "motion detection",
"definition_text": "to determine the presence of motion.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25774
},
{
"id": "trm_565bce2791089",
"name": "implicit learning",
"definition_text": "the acquisition of knowledge in an incidental manner without awareness. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25775
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48d40d3cf",
"name": "negative emotion",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25776
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48e337218",
"name": "negative feedback processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluating a piece of information that has externally ascribed negative salience in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25777
},
{
"id": "trm_557b48f22ba99",
"name": "numerical scale judgment",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25778
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4904ee26d",
"name": "object maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping object information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25779
},
{
"id": "trm_557b491318742",
"name": "oddball detection",
"definition_text": "detecting patterns in a given data set that do not conform to an established normal behavior.",
"alias": "outlier detection, anomaly detection",
"ID(c)": 25780
},
{
"id": "trm_557b49206928b",
"name": "pattern maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping pattern information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25781
},
{
"id": "trm_557b493133416",
"name": "place maintenance",
"definition_text": "keeping information about a scene or place in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "scene maintenance",
"ID(c)": 25782
},
{
"id": "trm_557b493e4203a",
"name": "positive feedback processing",
"definition_text": "Evaluating a piece of information that has externally ascribed positive value in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25783
},
{
"id": "trm_557b494ca540d",
"name": "potential monetary loss",
"definition_text": "A potential negative return in the form of money for performance of a specific behavior. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25784
},
{
"id": "trm_557b495cdde57",
"name": "potential monetary reward",
"definition_text": "A potential positive return in the form of money for performance of a specific behavior.",
"alias": "potential cash reward",
"ID(c)": 25785
},
{
"id": "trm_557b49851e991",
"name": "proactive control",
"definition_text": "Top down modulation of cognitive processes in anticipation of future goals or task demands. Often involves reaction time slowing",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25786
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4993a0fdd",
"name": "reinforcement learning",
"definition_text": "the modification of the value placed on potential stimulus/action combinations based on the outcomes associated with those actions in the past",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25787
},
{
"id": "trm_557b499fac085",
"name": "resistance to distractor inference",
"definition_text": "ADD DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25788
},
{
"id": "trm_557b49ad14adf",
"name": "response conflict",
"definition_text": "The coactivation of competing response alternatives",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25789
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4a7315f1b",
"name": "response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action in accordance with task demands, enacting a specific overt behavior",
"alias": "action execution",
"ID(c)": 25790
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4a81a4a17",
"name": "reward anticipation",
"definition_text": "prior expectation of the occurrence of a reward, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25791
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4a913f8cc",
"name": "risk processing",
"definition_text": "the extraction of information about the potential or current risk associated with a stimulus",
"alias": "danger processing, threat processing",
"ID(c)": 25792
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4aa070c10",
"name": "selective control",
"definition_text": "Top-down modulation of specific response output or of specific stimuli in the environment. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25793
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4ab076338",
"name": "semantic categorization",
"definition_text": "The assignment of a semantic stimulus to one of a set of categories.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25794
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4abe521af",
"name": "spatial selective attention",
"definition_text": "The process of dedicating cognitive and perceptual resources to one or more spatial inputs and attenuating receptiveness to other inputs. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25795
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4acdee820",
"name": "string maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping string (e.g., consonant) information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "consonant maintenance",
"ID(c)": 25796
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4add1837e",
"name": "task difficulty",
"definition_text": "the perceived effort required to complete some mental or physical activity",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25797
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4aeaeb744",
"name": "tool maintenance",
"definition_text": "keeping information about a tool in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25798
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4af7cc1cb",
"name": "visual body recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual body into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25799
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b05ae470",
"name": "visual color discrimination",
"definition_text": "the identification of differences in color amongst visual stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25800
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b154e0d9",
"name": "visual face recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual face into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25801
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b27dfd5e",
"name": "visual form discrimination",
"definition_text": "the identification of differences among visual forms.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25802
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b3a6a34d",
"name": "visual form recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual form into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25803
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b47d994a",
"name": "visual number recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected number stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25804
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b56de455",
"name": "visual object detection",
"definition_text": "visual detection of instances of objects of a certain class (such as humans, buildings, cars, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25805
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b652cbec",
"name": "visual pattern recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of identifying a meaningful pattern in visual stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25806
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b7176394",
"name": "visual recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25807
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b7e68727",
"name": "visual place recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual place or scene into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25808
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b8cd05ca",
"name": "visual tool recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected visual tool into a category, not necessarily task defined",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25809
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4b9ccdc4a",
"name": "visual word recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability to read (and understand) written words",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25810
},
{
"id": "trm_557b4bb7cf05b",
"name": "word maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping word information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25811
},
{
"id": "trm_558c73324a6ca",
"name": "intertemporal choice",
"definition_text": "the study of how people make choices about what and how much to do at various points in time, when choices at one time influence the possibilities available at other points in time.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Intertemporal_choice",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25812
},
{
"id": "trm_558c736199abd",
"name": "subjective value judgment",
"definition_text": "the process of comparing, at an idiosyncratic level, the relatively desirability of two or more options or the internal idiosyncratic value represented internally for such a judgement ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25813
},
{
"id": "trm_558c73b3663a6",
"name": "phonological comparison",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25814
},
{
"id": "trm_558c73f3c8c6f",
"name": "visual pseudoword recognition",
"definition_text": "the reading of written letter strings that follow the phonotactic rules of the written language",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25815
},
{
"id": "trm_558c74156b7ee",
"name": "phonological assembly",
"definition_text": "WRITE DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25816
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7439832d9",
"name": "visual letter recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected letter stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25817
},
{
"id": "trm_558c74b165bb1",
"name": "overt naming",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25818
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7ae1eaf86",
"name": "arithmetic processing",
"definition_text": "numerical calculations or derivation of numbers in response to an input with discrete or continuous salience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25819
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b14c076e",
"name": "auditory sentence recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning an detected sound stimulus in the form of a sentence into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25820
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b337080f",
"name": "right hand response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action with the right hand in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25821
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b5228ed4",
"name": "visual sentence recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a visually detected sentence stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25822
},
{
"id": "trm_558c7b707f606",
"name": "left hand response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action with the left hand in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25823
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bd2b92003",
"name": "facial happiness recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of assigning the emotion of happiness to a stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25824
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bd6c61d78",
"name": "facial age recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of assigning an age to a stimulus based on evaluation of a face.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25825
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bd89d77c6",
"name": "facial attractiveness recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of evaluating the physical aesthetic of a face.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25826
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bda0c5dc3",
"name": "facial trustworthiness recognition",
"definition_text": "The process of evaluating the degree of trust based on the features or holistic representation of a face.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25827
},
{
"id": "trm_5595bde6b2e95",
"name": "facial recognition",
"definition_text": "identifying the existence of a face",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25828
},
{
"id": "trm_5595be14a57c5",
"name": "social inference",
"definition_text": "write definition here",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25829
},
{
"id": "trm_559f0986182cc",
"name": "visual object maintenance",
"definition_text": "The process of keeping object information in active and immediately accessible state.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25830
},
{
"id": "trm_559f09a5cdca9",
"name": "subjective food value",
"definition_text": "Subjective food value is used as term to indicate a food's worth, based on an individuals' current desires and needs (e.g., hunger). Subjective food value assessment is an intermediate step during food decision making. ",
"alias": "self-reported food pleasantness, self-reported food liking",
"ID(c)": 25831
},
{
"id": "trm_559f0a129c136",
"name": "response bias",
"definition_text": "A behavioral phenomena for which a participant in an experiment is biased to respond in a particular way.\r\n\r\n** Concepts in the Cognitive Atlas that are more behavioral in nature should be tagged as "behavioral phenomena"",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25832
},
{
"id": "trm_559f0a5b4cd36",
"name": "monetary reward prediction error",
"definition_text": "the difference between expected and received monetary reward",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25833
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b8b8e7870",
"name": "tone recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected tone stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25834
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b8e291dba",
"name": "auditory arithmetic processing",
"definition_text": "numerical calculations or derivation of numbers in response to an auditory input with discrete or continuous salience.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25835
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b910b4b23",
"name": "right finger response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the right finger in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25836
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b92c1fd76",
"name": "left finger response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the left finger in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25837
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b952c1b4c",
"name": "right toe response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the right toe in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25838
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b96e77df6",
"name": "left toe response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the left toe in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25839
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b98b88f45",
"name": "tongue response execution",
"definition_text": "Performance of an action using the tongue in accordance with task demands.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25840
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b9a666604",
"name": "working memory updating",
"definition_text": "WRITE DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25841
},
{
"id": "trm_55b6b9d7c9435",
"name": "working memory maintenance",
"definition_text": "the active retention of information in a short-term memory store",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25842
},
{
"id": "trm_55c298bbe56d5",
"name": "high energy density food recognition",
"definition_text": "When a (familiar) food is encountered, an estimation of energy content and expected satiation is made based on an individual's earlier experiences and nutritional knowledge. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25843
},
{
"id": "trm_55c6f58e77fbe",
"name": "narrative comprehension",
"definition_text": "the process by which we understand stories, often presented through discourse-level language (written or spoken text)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25844
},
{
"id": "trm_55c6f87595b39",
"name": "face maintenance",
"definition_text": "WRITE DEFINITION HERE",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25845
},
{
"id": "trm_55e1b27f5655e",
"name": "Surface dyslexia",
"definition_text": "surface dyslexia is a reading impairment, which can be acquired or developmental. It results from a deficit in the lexical route for word reading. As a result, the reader needs to rely on the sublexical for reading, reading by converting each letter or group of letters (grapheme) to a sound (phoneme). Surface dyslexia is characterised by slow reading (because reading via grapheme-to-phoneme conversion is slower than reading via the lexical route); it is also characterised by incorrect reading aloud of irregular words (such as talk, sure, none, and comb). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25846
},
{
"id": "trm_55ce70b20186b",
"name": "detection",
"definition_text": "to determine the presence of a stimulus",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25847
},
{
"id": "trm_55ce71c47f37b",
"name": "risk aversion",
"definition_text": "when exposed to uncertainty, behavior that attempts to reduce that uncertainty. \r\n\r\nBEHAVIORAL PHENOMENA",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25848
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef153d47bc0",
"name": "confidence judgment",
"definition_text": "Assessing the confidence or certainty of a decision",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25849
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef1fd2bc418",
"name": "visual string recognition",
"definition_text": "the ability to read (and understand) written strings of letters that do not follow the phonotactic rules of the language (which distinguishes it from visual word/pseudoword recognition)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25850
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef273a77a86",
"name": "auditory tone perception",
"definition_text": "the registration of an auditory tone",
"alias": "sound perception, tone perception",
"ID(c)": 25851
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef3ba010121",
"name": "vocal response execution",
"definition_text": "performance of an action in accordance with task demands, enacting a vocal behavior ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25852
},
{
"id": "trm_55ef687f48a9d",
"name": "auditory recognition",
"definition_text": "assigning a detected sound stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25853
},
{
"id": "trm_5678a999f1c19",
"name": "numerical comparison",
"definition_text": "Mental comparison of numerical quantities",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25854
},
{
"id": "trm_56798223b43b8",
"name": "decision uncertainty",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25855
},
{
"id": "trm_567982752ff4a",
"name": "decision under uncertainty",
"definition_text": "A decision in which the likelihood of possible outcomes is unknown or uncertain.",
"alias": "decision under ambiguity",
"ID(c)": 25856
},
{
"id": "trm_56798c5f25b0c",
"name": "context representation",
"definition_text": "The representation of features other than the primary stimulus that are relevant to a decision",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25857
},
{
"id": "trm_5679b0e9d8c20",
"name": "emotional enhancement",
"definition_text": "A process to increase or enhance the impact of an emotion on ones current conscious state or behavior.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25858
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a4dbdf127",
"name": "Motor Praxis",
"definition_text": "A measure of sensorimotor ability. Also, it was designed to familiarize the participant with the computer mouse used during most of the WebCNP tasks. During the MPraxis, the participant needs to move the computer mouse cursor over an ever-shrinking green box and click on it once each time it appears on a different location on the test-page. If participants canât complete the MPraxis, it is likely they wonât be able to complete any other WebCNP task.",
"alias": "Mpraxis, Mouse Practice",
"ID(c)": 25859
},
{
"id": "trm_58575b0d3c548",
"name": "processing speed",
"definition_text": "The general speed with which mental computations are performed. ",
"alias": "speed, mental speed, cognitive speed",
"ID(c)": 25860
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd9dcd78e5",
"name": "sound perception",
"definition_text": "Perception of (any kind of) sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25861
},
{
"id": "trm_586fda1743344",
"name": "voice perception",
"definition_text": "Perception of a voice sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25862
},
{
"id": "trm_58c80b824c51b",
"name": "social norm processing",
"definition_text": "Thinking about and making judgments on social norms, which are widely shared beliefs on appropriate behavior in a social situation, i.e. in a situation where others are present.\r\nNote that several other definitions of 'social norms' exist, for example in the context of economic decision games.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25863
},
{
"id": "trm_59cd0184eb2bf",
"name": "Chronesthesia",
"definition_text": "Chronesthesia is defined as a hypothetical ability that allows humans to be constantly aware of the past and the future.",
"alias": "Mental time travel",
"ID(c)": 25864
},
{
"id": "trm_59d184d09066b",
"name": "arousal (emotion)",
"definition_text": "The intensity of an emotion (as distinguished in the circumplex model from its valence)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25865
},
{
"id": "trm_59d184d0980bf",
"name": "arousal (physical)",
"definition_text": "Activation of physiological arousal systems involving the autonomic nervous system",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25866
},
{
"id": "trm_5a2852438fa35",
"name": "episodic future thinking",
"definition_text": "The capacity to imagine or simulate experiences that might occur in one's personal future \r\n\r\n(from Benoit, R.G., Schacter, D.L., & Szpunar, K.K. (2017). Episodic Future Thinking: Mechanisms and Functions. Current opinion in behavioral sciences, 17, 41-50)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25867
},
{
"id": "trm_5a285375c6a43",
"name": "prospection",
"definition_text": "the ability to represent what might happen in the future \r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25868
},
{
"id": "trm_5a285423171d9",
"name": "episodic simulation",
"definition_text": " the construction of a detailed mental representation of a specific autobiographical future event\r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25869
},
{
"id": "trm_5a285482e89c2",
"name": "episodic prediction",
"definition_text": "the estimation of the likelihood of, and/or oneâs reaction to a specific autobiographical future event\r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25870
},
{
"id": "trm_5a28604b01314",
"name": "episodic intention",
"definition_text": "the mental act of setting a goal in relation to a specific autobiographical future event\r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25871
},
{
"id": "trm_5a2860fa6b59e",
"name": "episodic planning",
"definition_text": "the identification and organization of steps needed to arrive at a specific autobiographical future event or outcome\r\n\r\n(from Szpunar, K.K., Spreng, R.N., & Schacter, D.L. (2014). A taxonomy of prospection: introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 52, 18414-21)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 25872
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ffcb50c3f71c",
"name": "stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25873
},
{
"id": "cnt_50b42fb7d7c9d",
"name": "stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25874
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b196a25d1671",
"name": "incongruent - congruent",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25875
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b196a314e3c4",
"name": "incongruent - neutral",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25876
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b44a4d544ee7",
"name": "go trial",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25877
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b44a4f353f68",
"name": "stop trial",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25878
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b44a5321112e",
"name": "stop signal reaction time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25879
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b4a2f2e27574",
"name": "Go trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25880
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b4a2f46e2faa",
"name": "Stop trial",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25881
},
{
"id": "cnt_50b40c06406f1",
"name": "response time for \"bad\" or risky doors minus response time for \"good\" doors",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25882
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b4a538defadc",
"name": "Target",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25883
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b4a53b3e9525",
"name": "Nontarget",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25884
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b4a5473705db",
"name": "1-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25885
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b4a5481dc0f2",
"name": "2-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25886
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b4a5490f1bb4",
"name": "3-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25887
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b4a54dd8d597",
"name": "3-back minus 1-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25888
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b4a5f651765d",
"name": "no delay",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25889
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b4a5f85437c2",
"name": "delay",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25890
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b4a609f11b96",
"name": "delay minus no delay",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25891
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b65e60a2f37a",
"name": "Matching",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25892
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b65e62c5351c",
"name": "Non-matching",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25893
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b7c0325a9f17",
"name": "Segmented blocks",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25894
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b7c03351fc78",
"name": "Unsegmented blocks",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25895
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b7c041db99fb",
"name": "Difficulty Level 1",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25896
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b7c04350ce30",
"name": "Difficulty Level 2",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25897
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b7c044e556ea",
"name": "Difficulty Level 3",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25898
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b7c0a3329368",
"name": "First category",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25899
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b7c0aa41e7a4",
"name": "Subsequent categories",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25900
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b7c101e9b549",
"name": "Perseverative errors",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25901
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b7c1033c2b16",
"name": "Nonperseverative errors",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25902
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b7c108cc7a68",
"name": "Failure to maintain set",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25903
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b7c10b1b1de1",
"name": "Total number of categories acheived",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25904
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b82d26b480ea",
"name": "Unsegmented blocks",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25905
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b82d27f31194",
"name": "Segmented blocks",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25906
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b8436b57862e",
"name": "Congruent",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25907
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b8436c051c94",
"name": "Incongruent",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25908
},
{
"id": "cnt_4b8436e073769",
"name": "Incongruent",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25909
},
{
"id": "cnt_4bd1ebae45752",
"name": "Switch trial",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25910
},
{
"id": "cnt_4bd1ebdb08e17",
"name": "Repeat trial",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25911
},
{
"id": "cnt_4bd1ec505dd14",
"name": "switch trial - repeat trial = switch cost",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25912
},
{
"id": "cnt_4be6eb858054b",
"name": "Words",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25913
},
{
"id": "cnt_4be6ebc7c0886",
"name": "Pseudowords",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25914
},
{
"id": "cnt_4be6ec0d002ee",
"name": "Consonant letter strings",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25915
},
{
"id": "cnt_4be6ec2f802fb",
"name": "Fixation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25916
},
{
"id": "cnt_4be6ec4cb064c",
"name": "Words - Pseudowords",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25917
},
{
"id": "cnt_4be6ec6e29f57",
"name": "Words - Consonant letter strings",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25918
},
{
"id": "cnt_4be6ec7c08a71",
"name": "Words - Fixation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25919
},
{
"id": "cnt_4c6b5fd5bfc41",
"name": "successful stop trial",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25920
},
{
"id": "cnt_4c6b600d4b80f",
"name": "unsuccessful stop trial",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25921
},
{
"id": "cnt_4c9961cd8a778",
"name": "d'-Context",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25922
},
{
"id": "cnt_4c9970e9759d2",
"name": "beta (response criterion)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25923
},
{
"id": "cnt_4c9974a44a920",
"name": "delay period distractor task",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25924
},
{
"id": "cnt_4c9975fc3078c",
"name": "sensory modality",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25925
},
{
"id": "cnt_4caced7c54a55",
"name": "successful stop trial minus go trial",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25926
},
{
"id": "cnt_5181f79e38fb2",
"name": "parametric gain",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25927
},
{
"id": "cnt_4cacee8ad4b14",
"name": "parametric loss",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25928
},
{
"id": "cnt_4caceed40b5b9",
"name": "Loss aversion",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25929
},
{
"id": "cnt_4cacf26718047",
"name": "probabilistic classification trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25930
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399ad50b4f4",
"name": "go-critical",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25931
},
{
"id": "cnt_579615e961f37",
"name": "visual forgetting (trial 3 - delayed)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25932
},
{
"id": "cnt_4cacf4680bbcd",
"name": "stop-noncritical trial",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25933
},
{
"id": "cnt_4de53abc62d10",
"name": "meaningless",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25934
},
{
"id": "cnt_4de53a9746a40",
"name": "meaningful",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25935
},
{
"id": "cnt_4d949c8f3101c",
"name": "word minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25936
},
{
"id": "cnt_4d949c9b01604",
"name": "pseudoword minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25937
},
{
"id": "cnt_4de55b6707536",
"name": "antisaccade",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25938
},
{
"id": "cnt_4de55b77a9984",
"name": "prosaccade",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25939
},
{
"id": "cnt_4de56f49c2858",
"name": "forward",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25940
},
{
"id": "cnt_4de56f7a17762",
"name": "backward",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25941
},
{
"id": "cnt_5020196a49a19",
"name": "sequence length",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25942
},
{
"id": "cnt_4de575b6944bf",
"name": "subject groups",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25943
},
{
"id": "cnt_5020250f031a2",
"name": "stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25944
},
{
"id": "cnt_4de57f6d43cfd",
"name": "Negativity Scale",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 25945
},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"ID(c)": 26013
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "incongruent response time minus congruent response time",
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{
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"name": "average number of trials per pattern change",
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{
"id": "cnt_4ded127195273",
"name": "emotion detection",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26034
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_4ded542c8c4f8",
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"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_4dee50b24d8c4",
"name": "real task time minus imagined task time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26051
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{
"id": "cnt_4dee50d11696f",
"name": "real task areas of activation minus imagined task areas of activation",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_4dee50e19a0a5",
"name": "real task effort minus imagined task effort",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_4dee551d3a46b",
"name": "real visual areas of activation minus imagined task areas of activation",
"description": null,
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{
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{
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"name": "number or percentage of words remembered",
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{
"id": "cnt_4dee7fcd869e8",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
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{
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"name": "arousal in response to picture minus baseline arousal",
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{
"id": "cnt_4deff762a9fb7",
"name": "accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_4df108c45e041",
"name": "accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26060
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{
"id": "cnt_4df10c8ee9834",
"name": "response time for risky decks minus response time for advantageous decks",
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{
"id": "cnt_4df10d2fb170f",
"name": "accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_4df10f9cbd86c",
"name": "number of plates read correctly by controls with normal color vision minus number of plates read correctly by subject",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_4df114130545a",
"name": "Transformation plates",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26064
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{
"id": "cnt_4df1143e30adb",
"name": "Vanishing plates",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26065
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{
"id": "cnt_4df11498b1933",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26066
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{
"id": "cnt_4df118fd720dd",
"name": "MVC minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26067
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{
"id": "cnt_4df133a20d8da",
"name": "reaction time to figures minus reaction time to Kanizsa figures",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26068
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{
"id": "cnt_4df133b48842d",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26069
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{
"id": "cnt_4df13aaa3f2be",
"name": "accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26070
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{
"id": "cnt_4df13d6084e80",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean population score in the language of the participant",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26071
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{
"id": "cnt_4df1456d05cab",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of age-matched controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26072
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{
"id": "cnt_4df1585e55f60",
"name": "longest correct sequence of controls minus longest correct sequence of subject",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26073
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{
"id": "cnt_4df24f7376278",
"name": "size of subject sentence set minus average size of sentence set of control subjects",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26074
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{
"id": "cnt_4df25f35f17e3",
"name": "subject score minus average normal score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26075
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{
"id": "cnt_4df2609ceae39",
"name": "Contamination/Cleaning",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26076
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{
"id": "cnt_4df260fd670ea",
"name": "Checking",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26077
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{
"id": "cnt_4df26137bc72d",
"name": "Slowness",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26078
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{
"id": "cnt_4df261fc3cd71",
"name": "Doubting",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26079
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{
"id": "cnt_4df26493887a0",
"name": "average male score minus average female score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26080
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{
"id": "cnt_4df265ff04368",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26081
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{
"id": "cnt_4df26816e1c98",
"name": "subject score minus population-matched average score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26082
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{
"id": "cnt_4df289c4c46fa",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26083
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{
"id": "cnt_4df28c7e2f855",
"name": "participant score minus average score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26084
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{
"id": "cnt_4df2917218780",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26085
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{
"id": "cnt_4df2918824fb9",
"name": "longest correct sequence of controls minus longest correct sequence of subject",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26086
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{
"id": "cnt_4df293d2889cb",
"name": "number of choices with greater chance of loss than gain minus number of choices with greater chance of gain than loss",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26087
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{
"id": "cnt_4df298c596941",
"name": "Comprehension",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26088
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{
"id": "cnt_4df298fddce13",
"name": "Production",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26089
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{
"id": "cnt_4df29910c149e",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26090
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{
"id": "cnt_4df29978d4002",
"name": "accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26091
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{
"id": "cnt_4df29e99a47ae",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26092
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{
"id": "cnt_4df29eca27ab5",
"name": "time to complete task with non-dominant hand minus time to complete task with dominant hand",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26093
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{
"id": "cnt_4df2a238dd66b",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26094
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{
"id": "cnt_4df2a27d637b3",
"name": "average rating of sensation minus subject rating of sensation ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26095
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{
"id": "cnt_4df2a4307daec",
"name": "rating of sensation minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26096
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{
"id": "cnt_4df2a4cb64388",
"name": "average rating of sensation minus subject rating of sensation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26097
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{
"id": "cnt_4df2a4d2ecac9",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26098
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{
"id": "cnt_4df2a4de25215",
"name": "rating of sensation minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26099
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{
"id": "cnt_4df663cf4ea8a",
"name": "d' (difference between correct identifications and false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26100
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df66400663ec",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26101
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df66a33d6b43",
"name": "ERP strength minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26102
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df66a407cc2e",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26103
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df66a5dec65d",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26104
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df67df7aaaea",
"name": "average accuracy of controls minus accuracy of participant",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26105
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df6818a8bcec",
"name": "operation span of participant minus average operation span of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26106
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df685e797da2",
"name": "average accuracy of controls minus accuracy of participant",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26107
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df689d409dec",
"name": "average rating of sensation minus subject rating of sensation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26108
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df689e663ffe",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26109
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df689fe846de",
"name": "subject rating during task minus subject baseline rating",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26110
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df68cac967cc",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26111
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df6974d8c674",
"name": "subject's pantomime ability compared to controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26112
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df69a929ce35",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26113
},
{
"id": "cnt_550b52d8506ec",
"name": "Faces (0-back faces + 2-back faces)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26114
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df69c712873f",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26115
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df6a3169f42a",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26116
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df6a77053b3f",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of age-matched controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26117
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df7af3c32a49",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26118
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df7bfc72c237",
"name": "standard deviation of error",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26119
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e1f29b788",
"name": "Uncued",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26120
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e24a62cc8",
"name": "Congruent Cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26121
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e2760df07",
"name": "Incongruent Cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26122
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e29765d7b",
"name": "incongruent response time - congruent response time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26123
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e2af408ed",
"name": "congruent response time - uncued response time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26124
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e8f10f33a",
"name": "proportion of correct responses across all trials minus proportion correct on early trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26125
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e900881cf",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26126
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8ef730f4cb",
"name": "gains minus losses",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26127
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8ef7a8d7c3",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26128
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8fae1e604a",
"name": "Word",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26129
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8fb518c099",
"name": "Morphologically Decomposable Pseudowords",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26130
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8fb9e0224f",
"name": "Morphologically Non-decomposable Pseudowords",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26131
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8fc0a76f53",
"name": "Response time to morphologically non-decomposable pseudowords minus response time to morphologically decomposable psuedowords",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26132
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8fc1e54759",
"name": "response time to pseudowords minus response time to words",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26133
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df9011fa1f5b",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26134
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df9015bcfad3",
"name": "accuracy during task minus accuracy of some baseline test (like matching)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26135
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df914f00dd42",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26136
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df91d85ed597",
"name": "ERP strength minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26137
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df91dc172a88",
"name": "accuracy during task minus accuracy of some baseline test (e.g. only one pattern)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26138
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df91dd29b1c6",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26139
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df928c85f523",
"name": "reading span of participant minus average reading span of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26140
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df92bccc5ae1",
"name": "d' (difference between correct identifications and false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26141
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df938dc89175",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean accuracy score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26142
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df9397fa59bd",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26143
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df93a3c9bd2c",
"name": "gains minus losses",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26144
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa36c40f3a1",
"name": "pseudoword minus word",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26145
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa3bb649f8a",
"name": "frequency of selecting the safe choice (20) minus frequency of selecting risky choices (40 and 80)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26146
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa3e4d70781",
"name": "listening span of participant minus average listening span",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26147
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa3ebab2930",
"name": "listening comprehension of participant minus average listening comprehension",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26148
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa3ef2bcbf0",
"name": "listening span with comprehension questions minus listening span without",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26149
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa3f0edd3d4",
"name": "listening comprehension with listening span task minus listening comprehension without",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26150
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa42ba0f7c2",
"name": "Accuracy on level 3 minus accuracy on level 1",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26151
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa42dddd062",
"name": "Overall accuracy of participant minus average accuracy",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26152
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa46d8c1622",
"name": "response time with competing stimuli minus response time with a single stimuli or congruent stimuli",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26153
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa4752a1120",
"name": "accuracy with a single stimuli or congruent stimuli minus accuracy with competing stimuli ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26154
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa523d45d5b",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26155
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa6ad39f546",
"name": "Semantically correct",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26156
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa6b1c622b1",
"name": "Semantically anomalous",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26157
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa6bad0c724",
"name": "d' (difference between correct identifications and false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26158
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa6be222aa7",
"name": "accuracy on semantically anomalous sentences minus accuracy on semantically correct sentences",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26159
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa704eaedf9",
"name": "ERP for related stimuli minus ERP for unrelated stimuli",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26160
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa709c313b1",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26161
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa71f0c9d32",
"name": "Semantically associated items",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26162
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa7237ec1f0",
"name": "Semantically unrelated items",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26163
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa7d117d48f",
"name": "accuracy with learning minus accuracy without learning/practice",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26164
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa7d1ad09a6",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26165
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa8214869b9",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26166
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa838286e12",
"name": "perservative errors minus nonperservative errors",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26167
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa889b33ecf",
"name": "congruent cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26168
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa891db4cf7",
"name": "incongruent cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26169
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa893ade336",
"name": "incongruent response time - congruent response time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26170
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa89596184f",
"name": "accuracy to congruent cues minus accuracy to incongruent cues",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26171
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa9088a6739",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26172
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa90af8345d",
"name": "reaction time of participant minus average reaction time of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26173
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa90c46cf46",
"name": "reaction time after some manipulation minus reaction time at baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26174
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa93ee97bc8",
"name": "d' (difference between correct identifications and false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26175
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa94d49dc90",
"name": "accuracy of recognition minus accuracy of source identification",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26176
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfb9a322c52f",
"name": "0-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26177
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfb9a75a2cff",
"name": "1-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26178
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfb9ab8d70ce",
"name": "2-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26179
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfb9af098602",
"name": "3-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26180
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfb9b0719363",
"name": "3-back minus 0-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26181
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfba830d0974",
"name": "difference between scores at different times of administration",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26182
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfba849ece4c",
"name": "participant score minus average score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26183
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfba87cdaf19",
"name": "Trait Anxiety ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26184
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfba8b046120",
"name": "State Anxiety",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26185
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbaef575808",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26186
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbaf2722de5",
"name": "accuracy of immediate recognition test minus accuracy of delayed test",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26187
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbaf4e94f96",
"name": "average response time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26188
},
{
"id": "cnt_500478a733748",
"name": "CS-participant report disparity",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26189
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbb1f51259f",
"name": "incongruent minus congruent",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26190
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbcad0d0f28",
"name": "the examiner's evaluation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26191
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbd05eb07d6",
"name": "emotional rating to picture stimuli minus emotional rating to neutral baseline picture",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26192
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbd65810a40",
"name": "substitution speed minus copy speed",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26193
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbd9e47c418",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26194
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbe08944a96",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26195
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff7fcf1b8a2",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26196
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff8003a6b0a",
"name": "Plausible Sentences",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26197
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff8030b7e41",
"name": "Implausible Snetences",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26198
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff80aec63b6",
"name": "response time to implausible sentences minus response time to plausible sentences",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26199
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff8603c1398",
"name": "response time to second stimulus minus response time to first stimulus",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26200
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff865de2859",
"name": "precision of participant minus precision of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26201
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff92a9d5875",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26202
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff93d462d38",
"name": "standard deviation of k (discounting)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26203
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff9a6e99c08",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26204
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffaa78530b6",
"name": "average score minus participant's score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26205
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffb483c4c3f",
"name": "participant score minus average score of non-smoking controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26206
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffb49d604fa",
"name": "average score of smoking controls minus participant score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26207
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffb78e1edc6",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26208
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffb9c632156",
"name": "ANOVA of time by age group",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26209
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffcba5c2efd",
"name": "MEPs during stimulation minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26210
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffcea990109",
"name": "Single Number",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26211
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffcee92f400",
"name": "Single Geometric Form",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26212
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd0380146f",
"name": "Single Nonsense Letter",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26213
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd0991b237",
"name": "Gestalt Figure",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26214
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd0f56b850",
"name": "Single Letter",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26215
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd14b5b0b3",
"name": "Single Letter in Syllable Context",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26216
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd181cb7da",
"name": "Two Letters",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26217
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd1dbec4b1",
"name": "Sequence of Geometric Forms",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26218
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd2399ebc0",
"name": "Four-Letter Nonsense Syllable (Unpronounceable)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26219
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd280187c6",
"name": "Four-Letter Nonsense Syllable (Pronounceable)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26220
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd2bac8005",
"name": "Four-Letter Word",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26221
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd3273f13e",
"name": "Unspaced Four-Letter Word",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26222
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd35b101cb",
"name": "Single Number (Second Time)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26223
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd4ed38b03",
"name": "# correct minus # incorrect/30 or 60 seconds",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26224
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffdbbb010e1",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26225
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffdbd8c48f7",
"name": "ANOVA of of score by disease timecourse",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26226
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffdeb36edc5",
"name": "average time of men minus average time of women",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26227
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffded7a9be2",
"name": "participant's time minus average time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26228
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffdf0929a7b",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26229
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e00ccaa100fd",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26230
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e00e397017e2",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26231
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e00fd3de3b0a",
"name": "d' (difference between correct identifications and false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26232
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e00fd62beac3",
"name": "reaction time after some manipulation minus reaction time at baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26233
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e00ffaa486fa",
"name": "path of eye movements",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26234
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0101e7e8898",
"name": "d' (difference between correct identifications and false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26235
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0104905eaa1",
"name": "frequency of participant's saccades minus average saccade frequency",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26236
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0104d85693b",
"name": "path of eye movements",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26237
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e010aebbc19d",
"name": "Congruent Cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26238
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e010b0c971d5",
"name": "Incongruent Cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26239
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e010b32b9f74",
"name": "reaction time to incongruent cues minus reaction time to congruent cues",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26240
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0112e7d3bca",
"name": "RMW",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26241
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e011301aee39",
"name": "RMF",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26242
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01131ba65a7",
"name": "RMW minus RMF",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26243
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0113430ffad",
"name": "participant score minus average score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26244
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e011a8762e55",
"name": "Matrix Reasoning",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26245
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e011aded6b9e",
"name": "Block Design",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26246
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e011afe30540",
"name": "Similarities",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26247
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e011b28cebdc",
"name": "Vocabulary",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26248
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e011cb5c3e85",
"name": "participant IQ minus average IQ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26249
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0125dc5bc09",
"name": "Information",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26250
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01261c45db8",
"name": "Digit Span",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26251
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01263d51c93",
"name": "Vocabulary",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26252
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012662da2d7",
"name": "Arithmetic",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26253
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01268a18f79",
"name": "Comprehension",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26254
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0126b9ec56b",
"name": "Similarities",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26255
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0126dc131ec",
"name": "Picture Completion",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26256
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012702f0951",
"name": "Picture Arrangement",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26257
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012722eeb57",
"name": "Block Design",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26258
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01278c5e632",
"name": "Digit Symbol",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26259
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0127abddfeb",
"name": "Object Assembly",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26260
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0129ab22608",
"name": "Verbal IQ minus Performance IQ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26261
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0129bf96513",
"name": "participant IQ minus average IQ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26262
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012e2269d7d",
"name": "Vocabulary",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26263
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012e64947cf",
"name": "Information",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26264
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012f7ba05e2",
"name": "Logical Memory",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26265
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012fc0a6d05",
"name": "Verbal Paired Associates",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26266
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01302681cd3",
"name": "Designs",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26267
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01306ba8db6",
"name": "Visual Reproduction",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26268
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e013090c4cf1",
"name": "Spatial Addition",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26269
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0130c979bf1",
"name": "Symbol Span",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26270
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01329cad8aa",
"name": "participant score minus average score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26271
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0133e4d4fe1",
"name": "immediate score minus delayed score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26272
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0181c976a19",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26273
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0182336c9cc",
"name": "response time of subject minus response time of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26274
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0219a2de6be",
"name": "participant score minus average score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26275
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e022a9861397",
"name": "reading comprehension age minus real age",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26276
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e022d7430161",
"name": "number of words divided by time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26277
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02302350f17",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26278
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0232312c822",
"name": "ERP strength minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26279
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02368e6d840",
"name": "perceptual identification",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26280
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0236b247798",
"name": "lexical decision",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26281
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e023794e822b",
"name": "response time to known words minus (or learned words) response time to unknown words",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26282
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0237aa75286",
"name": "response time to pseudowords minus response time to words",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26283
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0237ba58871",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26284
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e023b95e5100",
"name": "latency identification",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26285
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e023c2ae3c76",
"name": "primed identification",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26286
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02433a9f223",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26287
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0243468cb6f",
"name": "ERP strength minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26288
},
{
"id": "cnt_54f8cbcb6fab6",
"name": "classification trials: deterministic",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26289
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0253808fe82",
"name": "areas of activation during covert minus areas of activation during overt",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26290
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02539674407",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26291
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e025467f28e7",
"name": "ERP strength minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26292
},
{
"id": "cnt_54f8cb5b80caa",
"name": "single task probe",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26293
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e025694022e0",
"name": "response time to non-matching minus response time to matching",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26294
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02569dd0139",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26295
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e025d79cc9f9",
"name": "pressure exerted by participant minus average pressure",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26296
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e025d8d96ecf",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26297
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02624559a17",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26298
},
{
"id": "cnt_54f8cb27bce65",
"name": "tone counting probe",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26299
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e026543eae67",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26300
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02654a92111",
"name": "areas of activation during covert minus areas of activation during overt",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26301
},
{
"id": "cnt_54e6a3ceb7216",
"name": "rest eyes open",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26302
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e026dfa02b6d",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26303
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02713a45cdc",
"name": "Trait Affect",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26304
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e027155c037c",
"name": "State Affect",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26305
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e037a9a47d41",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26306
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e038151ee9fb",
"name": "pain at baseline minus pain during acupuncture",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26307
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0381ab6d190",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26308
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e038ad0147d7",
"name": "accuracy without distractors minus accuracy with distractors",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26309
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e038b1c6fd1f",
"name": "reaction time of participant minus average reaction time of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26310
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e038ba42d3a7",
"name": "reaction time (to detect target) to one stimulus minus reaction time to paired stimuli",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26311
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e038e680bd57",
"name": "Early Blind",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26312
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e038e90bd3e7",
"name": "Late Blind",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26313
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03951a4914c",
"name": "areas of activation of early blind minus areas of activation of late blind",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26314
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e039557ad404",
"name": "areas of activation while reading words or sentences minus reading control dots",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26315
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0399bbae0ed",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26316
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5e7c658c494",
"name": "Stimulation at PT-0.7°C minus Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26317
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5e7c5149eec",
"name": "Stimulation at PT-1.0°C minus Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26318
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03ae76b40ab",
"name": "average degrees of movement minus participant degrees of movement",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26319
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03b364135e2",
"name": "participant's responses vs. Nash equilibrium equation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26320
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03b6ae397cc",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26321
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03b8b959bc9",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26322
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{
"id": "cnt_4e03b8c2457b4",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26323
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03bc67764f5",
"name": "response time to risky choices minus response time to non-risky choices",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26324
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03bc8177610",
"name": "number of participant's risky choices minus average number of risky choices",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26325
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08ed0d8815f",
"name": "converted A and B error score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26326
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08ed6a4d30d",
"name": "Initiation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26327
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08ed9422f36",
"name": "Inhibition",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26328
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08edac14ee7",
"name": "Initiation minus Inhibition",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26329
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08f52d8255d",
"name": "0-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26330
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08f54b8a426",
"name": "1-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26331
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{
"id": "cnt_4e08f563a47ed",
"name": "2-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26332
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08f5a26773d",
"name": "3-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26333
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08f5aa73703",
"name": "3-back minus 0-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26334
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08fb9717d43",
"name": "supra-span minus span",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26335
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08fdee5aec9",
"name": "immediate accuracy minus delayed accuracy",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26336
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08fe051b67b",
"name": "accuracy for meaningful actions minus accuracy for meaningless actions",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26337
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08fe37729fc",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean accuracy score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26338
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08fefbf0382",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean accuracy score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26339
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e31e4ff71f3c",
"name": "cue onset asynchrony ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26340
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e31e8204dad4",
"name": "cue onset asynchrony",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26341
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e41708078f47",
"name": "incongruent minus neutral",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26342
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e495afedc2df",
"name": "active versus sham",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26343
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e495e81b3a05",
"name": "Switch minus No-Switch",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26344
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e496d0e46a77",
"name": "Cue minus no cue: attention orienting",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26345
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e496d475896c",
"name": "Spatial cue minus double cue: orienting efficiency",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26346
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e496d6e12225",
"name": "Incongruent minus congruent: Conflict / Executive network efficiency",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26347
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e552738a229c",
"name": "Baseline minus heat stimulation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26348
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5bbed9bd8ae",
"name": "Body ownership minus no body ownership",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26349
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5d087f98fb2",
"name": "Noxious minus non-noxious stimulation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26350
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5fcfb15979e",
"name": "Cold pain vs. Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26351
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5fcfc70842b",
"name": "Cool vs. Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26352
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5fcfe2883a1",
"name": "Thermal Grill vs. Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26353
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5fcff423ea1",
"name": "Warm vs. Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26354
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5fd004d47d7",
"name": "Heat pain vs. Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26355
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e611331826a0",
"name": "Pain versus No Pain",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26356
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e61222e46c9c",
"name": "Pain versus No Pain",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26357
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e664e2ed4231",
"name": "Noxious Cold minus Innocuous Cool",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26358
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e664e4c90bf1",
"name": "Innocuous Cool minus Neutral",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26359
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e68e16ce673d",
"name": "Painful versus Baseline ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26360
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e68e188bfadc",
"name": "Non-Painful versus Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26361
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e68e1b3598ac",
"name": "Painful versus Non-Painful",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26362
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e6a2fce43903",
"name": "Capsaicin-Evoked Pain versus Rest",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26363
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e6a34f8c2f2c",
"name": "Heat Stimulation versus Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26364
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e6a45ef2fdb1",
"name": "Cold Task versus Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26365
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e6a4602d08c8",
"name": "Pain Task versus Cold Task",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26366
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca1f15eb7d",
"name": "successful stop minus go",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26367
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca202935c6",
"name": "failed stop-critical ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26368
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca22149619",
"name": "failed stop-noncritical ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26369
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca2351bb79",
"name": "junk ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26370
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca72d737c1",
"name": "deterministic classification trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26371
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca8b8bb859",
"name": "blocks of both probabilistic classification trials and deterministic classification trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26372
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca9e1d3a16",
"name": "tone counting trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26373
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebcaa463d20e",
"name": "dual task classification learning trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26374
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebcaa52e7dbd",
"name": "dual-task tone counting probe",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26375
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebcaa755a7e5",
"name": "single task classification learning trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26376
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebcaad4c41d7",
"name": "classification trials: probabilistic",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26377
},
{
"id": "cnt_4f41830a3d5a9",
"name": "number of correctly recalled items",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26378
},
{
"id": "cnt_4fb3f6ec53aa5",
"name": "reaction time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26379
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ffdbab8b5539",
"name": "Interstimulus Interval (ISI)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26380
},
{
"id": "cnt_50046d4f1c8a1",
"name": "same size-different size",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26381
},
{
"id": "cnt_50049a0f821aa",
"name": "variable â invariant",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26382
},
{
"id": "cnt_5005b3ba37b11",
"name": "number of distractors",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26383
},
{
"id": "cnt_5005c1421ee49",
"name": "consistent - inconsistent",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26384
},
{
"id": "cnt_5005c2c544201",
"name": "target - distractor",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26385
},
{
"id": "cnt_5005c88d1f7fc",
"name": "reward amount",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26386
},
{
"id": "cnt_5005c89dd6bef",
"name": "reward probability",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26387
},
{
"id": "cnt_5005ca466073a",
"name": "reward probability-amount ratio",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26388
},
{
"id": "cnt_5005cae1dffba",
"name": "(out-of-phase) - (in-phase)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26389
},
{
"id": "cnt_5005cc79902cc",
"name": "number of correct identifications",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26390
},
{
"id": "cnt_5007088618bd2",
"name": "degree of association between unattended and attended",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26391
},
{
"id": "cnt_50070d3b312f4",
"name": "commission errors (false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26392
},
{
"id": "cnt_50070f2604b71",
"name": "commission errors (false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26393
},
{
"id": "cnt_50070f5d10c03",
"name": "proportion of correct to incorrect responses",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26394
},
{
"id": "cnt_50070f9310204",
"name": "proportion of correct to incorrect responses",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26395
},
{
"id": "cnt_500712871f6d5",
"name": "one cue versus two cues",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26396
},
{
"id": "cnt_5007128e8defa",
"name": "short versus long",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26397
},
{
"id": "cnt_50071af2372d9",
"name": "distraction minus standard",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26398
},
{
"id": "cnt_5007217a45778",
"name": "valid versus invalid",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26399
},
{
"id": "cnt_500723252de72",
"name": "dual minus control",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26400
},
{
"id": "cnt_5007421b7d846",
"name": "target size",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26401
},
{
"id": "cnt_5007422433506",
"name": "movement amplitude",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26402
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_50f9db1e70ebe",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_5298e86a0ad46",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_5298e8b54ac46",
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{
"id": "cnt_5298e8c899b82",
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{
"id": "cnt_5298e8d589544",
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{
"id": "cnt_5298e8e13c3a3",
"name": "soothability",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_5298ea6de528f",
"name": "sociability",
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"ID(c)": 26911
},
{
"id": "cnt_5298ed32ea678",
"name": "communication",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_5298ed452d73c",
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{
"id": "cnt_5298ed53c8281",
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{
"id": "cnt_5298ed5f7af62",
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"ID(c)": 26915
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_5298ed71daa03",
"name": "tone",
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{
"id": "cnt_5298ed8042bfc",
"name": "stressful event",
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"ID(c)": 26918
},
{
"id": "cnt_5298fa8955db0",
"name": "percent of time responded to joint attention",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26919
},
{
"id": "cnt_52991172871a9",
"name": "mean grip strength",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26920
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{
"id": "cnt_529911e50beb7",
"name": "grooved peg total time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26921
},
{
"id": "cnt_5299143fed521",
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"ID(c)": 26922
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{
"id": "cnt_529ce0ceec559",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26923
},
{
"id": "cnt_529ce0f2aa03d",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26924
},
{
"id": "cnt_529ce116b5cff",
"name": "JO joint attention percent correct",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26925
},
{
"id": "cnt_529ce133886f4",
"name": "JO social orient percent incorrect",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26926
},
{
"id": "cnt_529ce149671c4",
"name": "JO nonsocial orient percent incorrect",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26927
},
{
"id": "cnt_529ce15d64bc7",
"name": "JO joint attention percent incorrect",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26928
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{
"id": "cnt_529cf2d97e3d3",
"name": "riddles",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26929
},
{
"id": "cnt_529cfb9f8cce6",
"name": "matrices",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26930
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{
"id": "cnt_529cfc2e15385",
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"ID(c)": 26931
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{
"id": "cnt_529cfc4e356ce",
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{
"id": "cnt_529cfc5925318",
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"ID(c)": 26933
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{
"id": "cnt_529d0a711d43d",
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_52b4cfac3a8ce",
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{
"id": "cnt_52dfa1b677494",
"name": "Central cue minus Spatial cue: Orienting / Shifting network efficiency",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_534690b1afd30",
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{
"id": "cnt_534690b1b9fd1",
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{
"id": "cnt_54e6a394d0fb8",
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{
"id": "cnt_5346921d1d3fa",
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{
"id": "cnt_5346929d22655",
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{
"id": "cnt_5358ef9570ace",
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{
"id": "cnt_5358f019cdf06",
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{
"id": "cnt_550b52ec705da",
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{
"id": "cnt_550b52fd2e6fa",
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{
"id": "cnt_550b53110c3a8",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_55245849e85e0",
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{
"id": "cnt_552459a006d45",
"name": "Color",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26949
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{
"id": "cnt_5526f6aa83790",
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{
"id": "cnt_5531474e117df",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314757a78a1",
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{
"id": "cnt_553147632424b",
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_553147783d53b",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314781f094c",
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{
"id": "cnt_553147b362347",
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{
"id": "cnt_553147bb4e97d",
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{
"id": "cnt_553147f2ea504",
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"ID(c)": 26959
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{
"id": "cnt_5531491f76a16",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26960
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{
"id": "cnt_5531492d016c7",
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"ID(c)": 26961
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{
"id": "cnt_55314940f18c6",
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{
"id": "cnt_553149868c670",
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{
"id": "cnt_553149979dc2e",
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{
"id": "cnt_553149b03d240",
"name": "Matching - Relational Processing",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26965
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{
"id": "cnt_553149bc9f9d1",
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{
"id": "cnt_553149c9ef4fd",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553149d39942a",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26968
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{
"id": "cnt_55314a02877ba",
"name": "Math",
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"ID(c)": 26969
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{
"id": "cnt_55314a0837714",
"name": "Story",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_55314a10d4412",
"name": "Math minus Story",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26971
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{
"id": "cnt_55314a1a5514c",
"name": "Story minus Math",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26972
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{
"id": "cnt_55314a245b40b",
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"ID(c)": 26973
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{
"id": "cnt_55314a2b79a0b",
"name": "Negative Story",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314a4320df9",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314a4b8ec77",
"name": "Reward",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314a8aa3751",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26977
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{
"id": "cnt_55314a9748fe6",
"name": "Negative Punish",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26978
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{
"id": "cnt_55314aaa2239e",
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"ID(c)": 26979
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{
"id": "cnt_55314abd12b63",
"name": "Reward minus Punish",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314aff55913",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314b0643005",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_55314b12878f7",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314b1edb310",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314b2a72bee",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314b49e5c9d",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314b56bceed",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314b5e393d2",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314b688f165",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314b6d8b510",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314b78d85fd",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553151539f545",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26992
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{
"id": "cnt_5531515c422fe",
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{
"id": "cnt_5531516762fb2",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_5531517957741",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26995
},
{
"id": "cnt_55315184e74dd",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26996
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{
"id": "cnt_5531518f600cf",
"name": "Place minus Average",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26997
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{
"id": "cnt_5531519b47d97",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553151b0cb13c",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26999
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{
"id": "cnt_553151ba0be1f",
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{
"id": "cnt_553151c3b05f5",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553151ccb63f4",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27002
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{
"id": "cnt_553151dd37b0d",
"name": "Average minus Body",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27003
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{
"id": "cnt_553151e627665",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553151eda891e",
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"ID(c)": 27005
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{
"id": "cnt_553151fe97771",
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_55315278ea6cc",
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{
"id": "cnt_5531528173117",
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{
"id": "cnt_5531528989cc7",
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{
"id": "cnt_553152908ac51",
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{
"id": "cnt_553152984f850",
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{
"id": "cnt_5531529f4645b",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152a7a0b6c",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152b1dfd37",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152bf58a31",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152c97dd5d",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27018
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{
"id": "cnt_553152d16cfe1",
"name": "Tongue minus Average",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27019
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{
"id": "cnt_553152d8c233d",
"name": "Negative Cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27020
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{
"id": "cnt_553152e128eb4",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152e8980dd",
"name": "Negative Left Hand",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152f4dbf86",
"name": "Negative Right Foot",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27023
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{
"id": "cnt_553152fd52bf1",
"name": "Negative Right Hand",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_5531530759866",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27025
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{
"id": "cnt_553153113dfc5",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27026
},
{
"id": "cnt_55315317b4224",
"name": "Average minus Cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27027
},
{
"id": "cnt_55315323a698b",
"name": "Average minus Left Foot",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27028
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{
"id": "cnt_5531532dc579d",
"name": "Average minus Left Hand",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27029
},
{
"id": "cnt_5531533c43e15",
"name": "Average minus Right Foot",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27030
},
{
"id": "cnt_5531534a03607",
"name": "Average minus Right Hand",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27031
},
{
"id": "cnt_55315357c5638",
"name": "Average minus Tongue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27032
},
{
"id": "cnt_553999f2c69ef",
"name": "go-critical minus go-noncritical",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27033
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399a008d960",
"name": "unsuccessful stop minus successful stop",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27034
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399a202b4ff",
"name": "go-noncritical",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27035
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399c9a3ae82",
"name": "all",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27036
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399a3f5e512",
"name": "successful stop-critical",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27037
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399d6bcd8dc",
"name": "failed stop",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27038
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{
"id": "cnt_55399d74220c0",
"name": "junk",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27039
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399d7c03593",
"name": "all",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27040
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399d987e2f1",
"name": "unsuccessful minus successful",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27041
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399dc274d97",
"name": "feedback",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27042
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399e161c884",
"name": "feedback",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27043
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399e33d9ed4",
"name": "words minus consonants",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27044
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399e3b3d13e",
"name": "words",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27045
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399e44106d4",
"name": "scrambled objects",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27046
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399e4c6c429",
"name": "objects minus scrambled",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27047
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399e5388e65",
"name": "objects",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27048
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399e5ab094d",
"name": "consonant strings",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27049
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399f01df2de",
"name": "control minus pumps average",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27050
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399f08a4fe4",
"name": "cash parametric",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27051
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399f18cab6a",
"name": "control parametric minus pumps parametric",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27052
},
{
"id": "cnt_55399f2a6bc4f",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_57964ea91ff76",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_5798c78bcea27",
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{
"id": "cnt_5798cd3deaac0",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_5798f639d1544",
"name": "predicted premorbid IQ",
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_5798f9476456f",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_5798f947648b1",
"name": "total errors",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_5798fa39c1328",
"name": "predicted premorbid IQ",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_5798fa39c150a",
"name": "total errors",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27360
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{
"id": "cnt_57ebe6b3d2cb7",
"name": "Moral dilemma vs rest",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_57ebe6c30816b",
"name": "Control vs rest",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_57ebe6de6b4e5",
"name": "Moral dilemma vs Control",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_5845af7bc358f",
"name": "BELIEF versus PHOTO contrast",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_58a5d349d8618",
"name": "BIO > SCRAM",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27365
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{
"id": "cnt_58c80c7799aec",
"name": "Intentional vs unintentional social norm violations",
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{
"id": "cnt_58c80c8cc23cc",
"name": "Intentional social norm violations vs neutral social stories",
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{
"id": "cnt_58c80ca085301",
"name": "Unintentional social norm violations vs neutral social stories",
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{
"id": "cnt_58c80cad7d79d",
"name": "Unintentional vs intentional social norm violations",
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{
"id": "cnt_rkzAKkhmkurzt",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_4df13aaa3f2be",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"ID(c)": 26076
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{
"id": "cnt_4df260fd670ea",
"name": "Checking",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26077
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df26137bc72d",
"name": "Slowness",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26078
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df261fc3cd71",
"name": "Doubting",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26079
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df26493887a0",
"name": "average male score minus average female score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26080
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df265ff04368",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26081
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df26816e1c98",
"name": "subject score minus population-matched average score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26082
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df289c4c46fa",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26083
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df28c7e2f855",
"name": "participant score minus average score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26084
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df2917218780",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26085
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df2918824fb9",
"name": "longest correct sequence of controls minus longest correct sequence of subject",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26086
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df293d2889cb",
"name": "number of choices with greater chance of loss than gain minus number of choices with greater chance of gain than loss",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26087
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df298c596941",
"name": "Comprehension",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26088
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df298fddce13",
"name": "Production",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26089
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df29910c149e",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26090
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df29978d4002",
"name": "accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26091
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df29e99a47ae",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26092
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df29eca27ab5",
"name": "time to complete task with non-dominant hand minus time to complete task with dominant hand",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26093
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df2a238dd66b",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26094
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df2a27d637b3",
"name": "average rating of sensation minus subject rating of sensation ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26095
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df2a4307daec",
"name": "rating of sensation minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26096
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df2a4cb64388",
"name": "average rating of sensation minus subject rating of sensation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26097
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df2a4d2ecac9",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26098
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df2a4de25215",
"name": "rating of sensation minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26099
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df663cf4ea8a",
"name": "d' (difference between correct identifications and false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26100
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df66400663ec",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26101
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df66a33d6b43",
"name": "ERP strength minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26102
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df66a407cc2e",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26103
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df66a5dec65d",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26104
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df67df7aaaea",
"name": "average accuracy of controls minus accuracy of participant",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26105
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df6818a8bcec",
"name": "operation span of participant minus average operation span of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26106
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df685e797da2",
"name": "average accuracy of controls minus accuracy of participant",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26107
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df689d409dec",
"name": "average rating of sensation minus subject rating of sensation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26108
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df689e663ffe",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26109
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df689fe846de",
"name": "subject rating during task minus subject baseline rating",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26110
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df68cac967cc",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26111
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df6974d8c674",
"name": "subject's pantomime ability compared to controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26112
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df69a929ce35",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26113
},
{
"id": "cnt_550b52d8506ec",
"name": "Faces (0-back faces + 2-back faces)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26114
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df69c712873f",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26115
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df6a3169f42a",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26116
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df6a77053b3f",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of age-matched controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26117
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df7af3c32a49",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26118
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df7bfc72c237",
"name": "standard deviation of error",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26119
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e1f29b788",
"name": "Uncued",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26120
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e24a62cc8",
"name": "Congruent Cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26121
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e2760df07",
"name": "Incongruent Cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26122
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e29765d7b",
"name": "incongruent response time - congruent response time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26123
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e2af408ed",
"name": "congruent response time - uncued response time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26124
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e8f10f33a",
"name": "proportion of correct responses across all trials minus proportion correct on early trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26125
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8e900881cf",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26126
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8ef730f4cb",
"name": "gains minus losses",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26127
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8ef7a8d7c3",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26128
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8fae1e604a",
"name": "Word",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26129
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8fb518c099",
"name": "Morphologically Decomposable Pseudowords",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26130
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8fb9e0224f",
"name": "Morphologically Non-decomposable Pseudowords",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26131
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8fc0a76f53",
"name": "Response time to morphologically non-decomposable pseudowords minus response time to morphologically decomposable psuedowords",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26132
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df8fc1e54759",
"name": "response time to pseudowords minus response time to words",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26133
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df9011fa1f5b",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26134
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df9015bcfad3",
"name": "accuracy during task minus accuracy of some baseline test (like matching)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26135
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df914f00dd42",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26136
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df91d85ed597",
"name": "ERP strength minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26137
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df91dc172a88",
"name": "accuracy during task minus accuracy of some baseline test (e.g. only one pattern)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26138
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df91dd29b1c6",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26139
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df928c85f523",
"name": "reading span of participant minus average reading span of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26140
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df92bccc5ae1",
"name": "d' (difference between correct identifications and false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26141
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df938dc89175",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean accuracy score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26142
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df9397fa59bd",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26143
},
{
"id": "cnt_4df93a3c9bd2c",
"name": "gains minus losses",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26144
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa36c40f3a1",
"name": "pseudoword minus word",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26145
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa3bb649f8a",
"name": "frequency of selecting the safe choice (20) minus frequency of selecting risky choices (40 and 80)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26146
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa3e4d70781",
"name": "listening span of participant minus average listening span",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26147
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa3ebab2930",
"name": "listening comprehension of participant minus average listening comprehension",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26148
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa3ef2bcbf0",
"name": "listening span with comprehension questions minus listening span without",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26149
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa3f0edd3d4",
"name": "listening comprehension with listening span task minus listening comprehension without",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26150
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa42ba0f7c2",
"name": "Accuracy on level 3 minus accuracy on level 1",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26151
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa42dddd062",
"name": "Overall accuracy of participant minus average accuracy",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26152
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa46d8c1622",
"name": "response time with competing stimuli minus response time with a single stimuli or congruent stimuli",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26153
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa4752a1120",
"name": "accuracy with a single stimuli or congruent stimuli minus accuracy with competing stimuli ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26154
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa523d45d5b",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26155
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa6ad39f546",
"name": "Semantically correct",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26156
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa6b1c622b1",
"name": "Semantically anomalous",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26157
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa6bad0c724",
"name": "d' (difference between correct identifications and false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26158
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa6be222aa7",
"name": "accuracy on semantically anomalous sentences minus accuracy on semantically correct sentences",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26159
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa704eaedf9",
"name": "ERP for related stimuli minus ERP for unrelated stimuli",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26160
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa709c313b1",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26161
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa71f0c9d32",
"name": "Semantically associated items",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26162
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa7237ec1f0",
"name": "Semantically unrelated items",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26163
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa7d117d48f",
"name": "accuracy with learning minus accuracy without learning/practice",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26164
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa7d1ad09a6",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26165
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa8214869b9",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26166
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa838286e12",
"name": "perservative errors minus nonperservative errors",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26167
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa889b33ecf",
"name": "congruent cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26168
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa891db4cf7",
"name": "incongruent cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26169
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa893ade336",
"name": "incongruent response time - congruent response time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26170
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa89596184f",
"name": "accuracy to congruent cues minus accuracy to incongruent cues",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26171
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa9088a6739",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26172
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa90af8345d",
"name": "reaction time of participant minus average reaction time of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26173
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa90c46cf46",
"name": "reaction time after some manipulation minus reaction time at baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26174
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa93ee97bc8",
"name": "d' (difference between correct identifications and false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26175
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfa94d49dc90",
"name": "accuracy of recognition minus accuracy of source identification",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26176
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfb9a322c52f",
"name": "0-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26177
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfb9a75a2cff",
"name": "1-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26178
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfb9ab8d70ce",
"name": "2-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26179
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfb9af098602",
"name": "3-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26180
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfb9b0719363",
"name": "3-back minus 0-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26181
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfba830d0974",
"name": "difference between scores at different times of administration",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26182
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfba849ece4c",
"name": "participant score minus average score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26183
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfba87cdaf19",
"name": "Trait Anxiety ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26184
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfba8b046120",
"name": "State Anxiety",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26185
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbaef575808",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26186
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbaf2722de5",
"name": "accuracy of immediate recognition test minus accuracy of delayed test",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26187
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbaf4e94f96",
"name": "average response time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26188
},
{
"id": "cnt_500478a733748",
"name": "CS-participant report disparity",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26189
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbb1f51259f",
"name": "incongruent minus congruent",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26190
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbcad0d0f28",
"name": "the examiner's evaluation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26191
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbd05eb07d6",
"name": "emotional rating to picture stimuli minus emotional rating to neutral baseline picture",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26192
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbd65810a40",
"name": "substitution speed minus copy speed",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26193
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbd9e47c418",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26194
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dfbe08944a96",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26195
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff7fcf1b8a2",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26196
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff8003a6b0a",
"name": "Plausible Sentences",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26197
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff8030b7e41",
"name": "Implausible Snetences",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26198
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff80aec63b6",
"name": "response time to implausible sentences minus response time to plausible sentences",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26199
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff8603c1398",
"name": "response time to second stimulus minus response time to first stimulus",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26200
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff865de2859",
"name": "precision of participant minus precision of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26201
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff92a9d5875",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26202
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff93d462d38",
"name": "standard deviation of k (discounting)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26203
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dff9a6e99c08",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26204
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffaa78530b6",
"name": "average score minus participant's score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26205
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffb483c4c3f",
"name": "participant score minus average score of non-smoking controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26206
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffb49d604fa",
"name": "average score of smoking controls minus participant score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26207
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffb78e1edc6",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26208
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffb9c632156",
"name": "ANOVA of time by age group",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26209
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffcba5c2efd",
"name": "MEPs during stimulation minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26210
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffcea990109",
"name": "Single Number",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26211
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffcee92f400",
"name": "Single Geometric Form",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26212
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd0380146f",
"name": "Single Nonsense Letter",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26213
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd0991b237",
"name": "Gestalt Figure",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26214
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd0f56b850",
"name": "Single Letter",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26215
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd14b5b0b3",
"name": "Single Letter in Syllable Context",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26216
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd181cb7da",
"name": "Two Letters",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26217
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd1dbec4b1",
"name": "Sequence of Geometric Forms",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26218
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd2399ebc0",
"name": "Four-Letter Nonsense Syllable (Unpronounceable)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26219
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd280187c6",
"name": "Four-Letter Nonsense Syllable (Pronounceable)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26220
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd2bac8005",
"name": "Four-Letter Word",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26221
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd3273f13e",
"name": "Unspaced Four-Letter Word",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26222
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd35b101cb",
"name": "Single Number (Second Time)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26223
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffd4ed38b03",
"name": "# correct minus # incorrect/30 or 60 seconds",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26224
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffdbbb010e1",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26225
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffdbd8c48f7",
"name": "ANOVA of of score by disease timecourse",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26226
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffdeb36edc5",
"name": "average time of men minus average time of women",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26227
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffded7a9be2",
"name": "participant's time minus average time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26228
},
{
"id": "cnt_4dffdf0929a7b",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26229
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e00ccaa100fd",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26230
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e00e397017e2",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26231
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e00fd3de3b0a",
"name": "d' (difference between correct identifications and false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26232
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e00fd62beac3",
"name": "reaction time after some manipulation minus reaction time at baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26233
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e00ffaa486fa",
"name": "path of eye movements",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26234
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0101e7e8898",
"name": "d' (difference between correct identifications and false alarms)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26235
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0104905eaa1",
"name": "frequency of participant's saccades minus average saccade frequency",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26236
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0104d85693b",
"name": "path of eye movements",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26237
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e010aebbc19d",
"name": "Congruent Cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26238
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e010b0c971d5",
"name": "Incongruent Cue",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26239
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e010b32b9f74",
"name": "reaction time to incongruent cues minus reaction time to congruent cues",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26240
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0112e7d3bca",
"name": "RMW",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26241
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e011301aee39",
"name": "RMF",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26242
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01131ba65a7",
"name": "RMW minus RMF",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26243
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0113430ffad",
"name": "participant score minus average score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26244
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e011a8762e55",
"name": "Matrix Reasoning",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26245
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e011aded6b9e",
"name": "Block Design",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26246
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e011afe30540",
"name": "Similarities",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26247
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e011b28cebdc",
"name": "Vocabulary",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26248
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e011cb5c3e85",
"name": "participant IQ minus average IQ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26249
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0125dc5bc09",
"name": "Information",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26250
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01261c45db8",
"name": "Digit Span",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26251
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01263d51c93",
"name": "Vocabulary",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26252
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012662da2d7",
"name": "Arithmetic",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26253
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01268a18f79",
"name": "Comprehension",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26254
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0126b9ec56b",
"name": "Similarities",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26255
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0126dc131ec",
"name": "Picture Completion",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26256
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012702f0951",
"name": "Picture Arrangement",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26257
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012722eeb57",
"name": "Block Design",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26258
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01278c5e632",
"name": "Digit Symbol",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26259
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0127abddfeb",
"name": "Object Assembly",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26260
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0129ab22608",
"name": "Verbal IQ minus Performance IQ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26261
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0129bf96513",
"name": "participant IQ minus average IQ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26262
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012e2269d7d",
"name": "Vocabulary",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26263
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012e64947cf",
"name": "Information",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26264
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012f7ba05e2",
"name": "Logical Memory",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26265
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e012fc0a6d05",
"name": "Verbal Paired Associates",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26266
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01302681cd3",
"name": "Designs",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26267
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01306ba8db6",
"name": "Visual Reproduction",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26268
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e013090c4cf1",
"name": "Spatial Addition",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26269
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0130c979bf1",
"name": "Symbol Span",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26270
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e01329cad8aa",
"name": "participant score minus average score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26271
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0133e4d4fe1",
"name": "immediate score minus delayed score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26272
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0181c976a19",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26273
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0182336c9cc",
"name": "response time of subject minus response time of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26274
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0219a2de6be",
"name": "participant score minus average score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26275
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e022a9861397",
"name": "reading comprehension age minus real age",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26276
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e022d7430161",
"name": "number of words divided by time",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26277
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02302350f17",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26278
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0232312c822",
"name": "ERP strength minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26279
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02368e6d840",
"name": "perceptual identification",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26280
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0236b247798",
"name": "lexical decision",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26281
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e023794e822b",
"name": "response time to known words minus (or learned words) response time to unknown words",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26282
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0237aa75286",
"name": "response time to pseudowords minus response time to words",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26283
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0237ba58871",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26284
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e023b95e5100",
"name": "latency identification",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26285
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e023c2ae3c76",
"name": "primed identification",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26286
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02433a9f223",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26287
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0243468cb6f",
"name": "ERP strength minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26288
},
{
"id": "cnt_54f8cbcb6fab6",
"name": "classification trials: deterministic",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26289
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0253808fe82",
"name": "areas of activation during covert minus areas of activation during overt",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26290
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02539674407",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26291
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e025467f28e7",
"name": "ERP strength minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26292
},
{
"id": "cnt_54f8cb5b80caa",
"name": "single task probe",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26293
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e025694022e0",
"name": "response time to non-matching minus response time to matching",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26294
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02569dd0139",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26295
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e025d79cc9f9",
"name": "pressure exerted by participant minus average pressure",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26296
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e025d8d96ecf",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26297
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02624559a17",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26298
},
{
"id": "cnt_54f8cb27bce65",
"name": "tone counting probe",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26299
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e026543eae67",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26300
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02654a92111",
"name": "areas of activation during covert minus areas of activation during overt",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26301
},
{
"id": "cnt_54e6a3ceb7216",
"name": "rest eyes open",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26302
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e026dfa02b6d",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26303
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e02713a45cdc",
"name": "Trait Affect",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26304
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e027155c037c",
"name": "State Affect",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26305
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e037a9a47d41",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26306
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e038151ee9fb",
"name": "pain at baseline minus pain during acupuncture",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26307
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0381ab6d190",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26308
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e038ad0147d7",
"name": "accuracy without distractors minus accuracy with distractors",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26309
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e038b1c6fd1f",
"name": "reaction time of participant minus average reaction time of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26310
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e038ba42d3a7",
"name": "reaction time (to detect target) to one stimulus minus reaction time to paired stimuli",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26311
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e038e680bd57",
"name": "Early Blind",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26312
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e038e90bd3e7",
"name": "Late Blind",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26313
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03951a4914c",
"name": "areas of activation of early blind minus areas of activation of late blind",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26314
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e039557ad404",
"name": "areas of activation while reading words or sentences minus reading control dots",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26315
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e0399bbae0ed",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26316
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5e7c658c494",
"name": "Stimulation at PT-0.7°C minus Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26317
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5e7c5149eec",
"name": "Stimulation at PT-1.0°C minus Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26318
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03ae76b40ab",
"name": "average degrees of movement minus participant degrees of movement",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26319
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03b364135e2",
"name": "participant's responses vs. Nash equilibrium equation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26320
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03b6ae397cc",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26321
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03b8b959bc9",
"name": "areas of activation during task minus baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26322
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03b8c2457b4",
"name": "accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26323
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03bc67764f5",
"name": "response time to risky choices minus response time to non-risky choices",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26324
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e03bc8177610",
"name": "number of participant's risky choices minus average number of risky choices",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26325
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08ed0d8815f",
"name": "converted A and B error score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26326
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08ed6a4d30d",
"name": "Initiation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26327
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08ed9422f36",
"name": "Inhibition",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26328
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08edac14ee7",
"name": "Initiation minus Inhibition",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26329
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08f52d8255d",
"name": "0-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26330
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08f54b8a426",
"name": "1-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26331
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08f563a47ed",
"name": "2-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26332
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08f5a26773d",
"name": "3-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26333
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08f5aa73703",
"name": "3-back minus 0-back",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26334
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08fb9717d43",
"name": "supra-span minus span",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26335
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08fdee5aec9",
"name": "immediate accuracy minus delayed accuracy",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26336
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08fe051b67b",
"name": "accuracy for meaningful actions minus accuracy for meaningless actions",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26337
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08fe37729fc",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean accuracy score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26338
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e08fefbf0382",
"name": "standard deviation from the mean accuracy score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26339
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e31e4ff71f3c",
"name": "cue onset asynchrony ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26340
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e31e8204dad4",
"name": "cue onset asynchrony",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26341
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e41708078f47",
"name": "incongruent minus neutral",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26342
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e495afedc2df",
"name": "active versus sham",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26343
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e495e81b3a05",
"name": "Switch minus No-Switch",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26344
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e496d0e46a77",
"name": "Cue minus no cue: attention orienting",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26345
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e496d475896c",
"name": "Spatial cue minus double cue: orienting efficiency",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26346
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e496d6e12225",
"name": "Incongruent minus congruent: Conflict / Executive network efficiency",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26347
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e552738a229c",
"name": "Baseline minus heat stimulation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26348
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5bbed9bd8ae",
"name": "Body ownership minus no body ownership",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26349
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5d087f98fb2",
"name": "Noxious minus non-noxious stimulation",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26350
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5fcfb15979e",
"name": "Cold pain vs. Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26351
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5fcfc70842b",
"name": "Cool vs. Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26352
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5fcfe2883a1",
"name": "Thermal Grill vs. Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26353
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5fcff423ea1",
"name": "Warm vs. Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26354
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e5fd004d47d7",
"name": "Heat pain vs. Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26355
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e611331826a0",
"name": "Pain versus No Pain",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26356
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e61222e46c9c",
"name": "Pain versus No Pain",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26357
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e664e2ed4231",
"name": "Noxious Cold minus Innocuous Cool",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26358
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e664e4c90bf1",
"name": "Innocuous Cool minus Neutral",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26359
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e68e16ce673d",
"name": "Painful versus Baseline ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26360
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e68e188bfadc",
"name": "Non-Painful versus Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26361
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e68e1b3598ac",
"name": "Painful versus Non-Painful",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26362
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e6a2fce43903",
"name": "Capsaicin-Evoked Pain versus Rest",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26363
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e6a34f8c2f2c",
"name": "Heat Stimulation versus Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26364
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e6a45ef2fdb1",
"name": "Cold Task versus Baseline",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26365
},
{
"id": "cnt_4e6a4602d08c8",
"name": "Pain Task versus Cold Task",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26366
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca1f15eb7d",
"name": "successful stop minus go",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26367
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca202935c6",
"name": "failed stop-critical ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26368
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca22149619",
"name": "failed stop-noncritical ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26369
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca2351bb79",
"name": "junk ",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26370
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca72d737c1",
"name": "deterministic classification trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26371
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca8b8bb859",
"name": "blocks of both probabilistic classification trials and deterministic classification trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26372
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebca9e1d3a16",
"name": "tone counting trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26373
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebcaa463d20e",
"name": "dual task classification learning trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26374
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebcaa52e7dbd",
"name": "dual-task tone counting probe",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26375
},
{
"id": "cnt_4ebcaa755a7e5",
"name": "single task classification learning trials",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26376
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "reaction time",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_4ffdbab8b5539",
"name": "Interstimulus Interval (ISI)",
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{
"id": "cnt_50046d4f1c8a1",
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{
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{
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"name": "number of distractors",
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{
"id": "cnt_5005c1421ee49",
"name": "consistent - inconsistent",
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{
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{
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"name": "reward amount",
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{
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{
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"name": "reward probability-amount ratio",
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{
"id": "cnt_5005cae1dffba",
"name": "(out-of-phase) - (in-phase)",
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{
"id": "cnt_5005cc79902cc",
"name": "number of correct identifications",
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{
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"name": "degree of association between unattended and attended",
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{
"id": "cnt_50070d3b312f4",
"name": "commission errors (false alarms)",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_50070f2604b71",
"name": "commission errors (false alarms)",
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{
"id": "cnt_50070f5d10c03",
"name": "proportion of correct to incorrect responses",
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{
"id": "cnt_50070f9310204",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "target shape",
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{
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"name": "target visibility",
"description": null,
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_500daccbafe09",
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{
"id": "cnt_500ddba625847",
"name": "presence versus absence of spatial cues",
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{
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"name": "experimental minus control",
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{
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"name": "nonword length (number of syllables)",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_5016e5ab53cce",
"name": "other preceding reversal errors minus correct responses",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_5016e5b8068a9",
"name": "probabilistic errors minus correct responses",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_5016e5c349611",
"name": "final reversal errors minus other preceding reversal errors",
"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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"name": "high importance versus low importance",
"description": null,
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "target frequent commission",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_502168c10e933",
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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"name": "proportion of correct responses",
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{
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{
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26453
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26457
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26459
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{
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"name": "reponse to US1 versus response to US2",
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"ID(c)": 26460
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{
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"ID(c)": 26461
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{
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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{
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{
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26468
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{
"id": "cnt_502a9a529d5d1",
"name": "proportion of dots moving in a specific direction other than target",
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_502ac6291faaa",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_502ac644ac8c8",
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{
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{
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_502ade3a6b4d4",
"name": "degree of head tilt (HT)",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_502ade46b2038",
"name": "degree of body tilt (BT)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26476
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{
"id": "cnt_502ade521b4bd",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26477
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{
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26478
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{
"id": "cnt_502ade7522e56",
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"description": null,
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{
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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"name": "eccentricity of distractor stimuli",
"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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{
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"name": "number of \"good\" doors chosen vs. number of \"bad\" doors",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "% correct recall",
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{
"id": "cnt_50b666dabe619",
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_50df0c5282b3c",
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{
"id": "cnt_50df0c6e9c71c",
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{
"id": "cnt_50df0c80a6288",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_50eb17d3cde37",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26502
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{
"id": "cnt_50eb183de4efb",
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"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_50eb3da904b79",
"name": "correct pronunciation",
"description": null,
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{
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"name": "identification",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26506
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{
"id": "cnt_50eb42b349127",
"name": "# of words recalled",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26507
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{
"id": "cnt_50eb467d50cab",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26508
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{
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26509
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{
"id": "cnt_50eb53a183bb6",
"name": "pounds or kilograms of force",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26510
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{
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"name": "postural sway",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26511
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{
"id": "cnt_50eb562b899ef",
"name": "normalized path length",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_50eb6892e9317",
"name": "number of seconds to walk 4m",
"description": null,
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{
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"name": "distance walked",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26514
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{
"id": "cnt_50f3752d9402b",
"name": "hearing threshold (the level below which the subject cannot hear tones)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26515
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{
"id": "cnt_50f37cfea325a",
"name": "minimum visible size",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26516
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{
"id": "cnt_50f377a5d345e",
"name": "self-report score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26517
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{
"id": "cnt_50f37b522549b",
"name": "generalized labeled magnitude scale (gLMS)",
"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_50f37f45b00e2",
"name": "survey IRT score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26519
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{
"id": "cnt_50f38168aba37",
"name": "minimum size visible while still minus while in motion",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26520
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{
"id": "cnt_50f381d2aab5a",
"name": "minimum size visible while in motion",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26521
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{
"id": "cnt_50f381df14722",
"name": "minimum size visible while still",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26522
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{
"id": "cnt_50f38423c93aa",
"name": "number correct",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26523
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{
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"name": "total score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26524
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{
"id": "cnt_50f3c03878ce3",
"name": "total score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26525
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{
"id": "cnt_50f582e4f0a26",
"name": "suppression - control (articulatory suppression effect)",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26526
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{
"id": "cnt_50f5bff7748da",
"name": "total score",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26527
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{
"id": "cnt_50f72efe2012e",
"name": "success",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26528
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{
"id": "cnt_50f7303ade3dd",
"name": "shift-related incorrect responses",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26529
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{
"id": "cnt_50f7346907d30",
"name": "number correct",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26530
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{
"id": "cnt_50f73471382f8",
"name": "false positives",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26531
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{
"id": "cnt_50f73673c04d8",
"name": "percent correct",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26532
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{
"id": "cnt_50f737c173e2a",
"name": "question-by-question analysis",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 26533
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{
"id": "cnt_50f73dbc3a2e7",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_529ce149671c4",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_553149d39942a",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_55314a9748fe6",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314aaa2239e",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314abd12b63",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_55314b6d8b510",
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{
"id": "cnt_55314b78d85fd",
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{
"id": "cnt_553151539f545",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_5531515c422fe",
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{
"id": "cnt_5531516762fb2",
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"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_55315184e74dd",
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"description": null,
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{
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"description": null,
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_553151ba0be1f",
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{
"id": "cnt_553151c3b05f5",
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_553151dd37b0d",
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"description": null,
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_553151eda891e",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_5531528989cc7",
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_5531529f4645b",
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{
"id": "cnt_553152a7a0b6c",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152b1dfd37",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152bf58a31",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152c97dd5d",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152d16cfe1",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152d8c233d",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27020
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{
"id": "cnt_553152e128eb4",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152e8980dd",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152f4dbf86",
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"description": null,
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{
"id": "cnt_553152fd52bf1",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27024
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{
"id": "cnt_5531530759866",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27025
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{
"id": "cnt_553153113dfc5",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55315317b4224",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55315323a698b",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_5531532dc579d",
"name": "Average minus Left Hand",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_5531533c43e15",
"name": "Average minus Right Foot",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_5531534a03607",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55315357c5638",
"name": "Average minus Tongue",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_553999f2c69ef",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55399a008d960",
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{
"id": "cnt_55399a202b4ff",
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{
"id": "cnt_55399c9a3ae82",
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{
"id": "cnt_55399a3f5e512",
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_55399d7c03593",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55399d987e2f1",
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_55399e33d9ed4",
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{
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{
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55399e4c6c429",
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{
"id": "cnt_55399e5388e65",
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{
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55399f01df2de",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55399f08a4fe4",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55399f18cab6a",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55399f2a6bc4f",
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},
{
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55399f4094b1b",
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{
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{
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55399f648ae8a",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55399f741c859",
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_55399f8675b23",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_55399f92abc88",
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{
"id": "cnt_55399f9ac9c55",
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{
"id": "cnt_55399fa95aaee",
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{
"id": "cnt_55399fb3842fa",
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_553a6521c5c4d",
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{
"id": "cnt_553a65621ddd2",
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{
"id": "cnt_553a6573c37ee",
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},
{
"id": "cnt_553a659cba94c",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_553a665bef7b8",
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{
"id": "cnt_553a67d1e4b8e",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_553e742833727",
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{
"id": "cnt_553e742dd3beb",
"name": "scrambled",
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"ID(c)": 27174
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{
"id": "cnt_553e7438f2bef",
"name": "letter string",
"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27175
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{
"id": "cnt_553e7a5b2584d",
"name": "high-value go choice at probe",
"description": null,
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{
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"ID(c)": 27177
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{
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"ID(c)": 27178
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{
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{
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{
"id": "cnt_553e85c82f108",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27181
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{
"id": "cnt_553e85d4af020",
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27182
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{
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"description": null,
"ID(c)": 27183
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "dso_0050667",
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"id": "dso_0050668",
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"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in damage to organs, bones, or muscles due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29817
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{
"id": "dso_0050696",
"name": "fetal alcohol spectrum disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A physical disorder that involves physical, behavioral and learning birth defects resulting from maternal ingestion of alcohol during pregnancy.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29818
},
{
"id": "dso_0050741",
"name": "alcohol dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29819
},
{
"id": "dso_0050742",
"name": "nicotine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29820
},
{
"id": "dso_0050776",
"name": "non-specific X-linked mental retardation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29821
},
{
"id": "dso_0060001",
"name": "withdrawal disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that occurs upon the abrupt discontinuation/separation or a decrease in dosage of the intake of medications, recreational drugs, and alcohol.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29822
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{
"id": "dso_0060037",
"name": "developmental disorder of mental health",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that occur during a child's developmental period between birth and age 18 resulting in retarding of the child's psycholotgical or physical development.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29823
},
{
"id": "dso_0060038",
"name": "specific developmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A developmental disorder of mental health that categorizes specific learning disabilities and developmental disorders affecting coordination.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29824
},
{
"id": "dso_0060040",
"name": "pervasive developmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A developmental disorder of mental health that refers to a group of five disorders characterized by impairments in socialization and communication, as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29825
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{
"id": "dso_0060041",
"name": "autism spectrum disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disorder that is a spectrum of psychological conditions. The disease has_symptom widespread abnormalities of social interactions and communication, has_symptom severely restricted interests and has_symptom highly repetitive behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29826
},
{
"id": "dso_0060042",
"name": "atypical autism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that involves some autistic symptoms occuring after age 3 with an abscence of all the traits necessary for a diagnosis of autism.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29827
},
{
"id": "dso_0060043",
"name": "sexual disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves the impairment in normal sexual functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29828
},
{
"id": "dso_0060044",
"name": "paraphilia disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29829
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{
"id": "dso_0060045",
"name": "Munchausen by proxy",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A factitious disorder that involves a care giver's deliberate exaggeration, fabrication, and/or induce physical, psychological, behavioral, and/or mental health problems in others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29830
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{
"id": "dso_0060046",
"name": "aphasia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A language disorder that involves an acquired impairment of any language modality such as producing or comprehending spoken or written language.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29831
},
{
"id": "dso_0060047",
"name": "writing disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability that involves impaired written language ability such as impairments in handwriting, spelling, organization of ideas, and composition.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29832
},
{
"id": "dso_0060048",
"name": "nosophobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that involves an irrational fear of contracting a disease.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29833
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{
"id": "dso_0060130",
"name": "akinetopsia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of motion perception.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29834
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{
"id": "dso_0060131",
"name": "alexithymia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a deficiency in understanding, processing, or describing emotions.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29835
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{
"id": "dso_0060132",
"name": "amusia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize musical notes, rhythms, and intervals.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29836
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{
"id": "dso_0060133",
"name": "anosognosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to gain feedback about one's own condition or impairments.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29837
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{
"id": "dso_0060134",
"name": "apperceptive agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish visual shapes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29838
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{
"id": "dso_0060135",
"name": "apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to map out physical actions in order to repeat them in functional activities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29839
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{
"id": "dso_0060136",
"name": "associative agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize visual scenes or classes of objects but retain the abilty to describe them.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29840
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{
"id": "dso_0060137",
"name": "auditory agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguishing environmental and non-verbal auditory cues including difficulty distinguishing speech from non-speech sounds even though hearing is usually normal.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29841
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{
"id": "dso_0060138",
"name": "autotopagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to orient parts of the body.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29842
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{
"id": "dso_0060139",
"name": "color agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize a color, while being able to perceive or distinguish it.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29843
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{
"id": "dso_0060140",
"name": "cortical deafness",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive any auditory information but whose hearing is intact.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29844
},
{
"id": "dso_0060141",
"name": "finger agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish the fingers on the hand.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29845
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{
"id": "dso_0060142",
"name": "form agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive a whole object while perceiving only parts of details.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29846
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{
"id": "dso_0060143",
"name": "integrative agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to integrate these elements together into comprehensible perceptual wholes while recognizing elements of the whole.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29847
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{
"id": "dso_0060144",
"name": "mirror agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to acknowledge objects in the neglected field that are visible when a mirror reflects the object visible in the non-neglected field.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29848
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{
"id": "dso_0060145",
"name": "pain agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive and process pain.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29849
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{
"id": "dso_0060146",
"name": "phonagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize familiar voices.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29850
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{
"id": "dso_0060147",
"name": "semantic agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognise an object while maintaining the use of non-visual sensory systems such as feeling, tapping, smelling, rocking or flicking the object to recognise the object.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29851
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{
"id": "dso_0060148",
"name": "simultanagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recgonize a whole image or scene while retianing the ability to recognize objects or details in their visual field one at a time.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29852
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{
"id": "dso_0060149",
"name": "social emotional agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive facial expression, body language and intonation, rendering them unable to non-verbally perceive people's emotions and limiting that aspect of social interaction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29853
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{
"id": "dso_0060150",
"name": "astereognosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is the loss of the ability to recognize objects by touch based on its texture, size and weight.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29854
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{
"id": "dso_0060151",
"name": "tactile agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize or identify objects by touch alone.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29855
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{
"id": "dso_0060152",
"name": "time agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehend the succession and duration of events.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29856
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{
"id": "dso_0060153",
"name": "topographical agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to rely on visual cues to guide them directionally due to the inability to recognise objects.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29857
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{
"id": "dso_0060154",
"name": "verbal auditory agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognising spoken words as semantically meaningful.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29858
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{
"id": "dso_0060155",
"name": "visual agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognize objects.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29859
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{
"id": "dso_0060156",
"name": "visual verbal agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehending the meaning of written words.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29860
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{
"id": "dso_0060163",
"name": "body dysmorphic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves an excessive concern about and preoccupation with a perceived defect in his or her physical features (body image).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29861
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{
"id": "dso_0060164",
"name": "pain disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves chronic pain in one or more areas, and is thought to be caused by psychological stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29862
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{
"id": "dso_0060165",
"name": "Kleine-Levin syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A recurrent hypersomnia that is characterized by recurring periods of excessive amounts of sleep and altered behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29863
},
{
"id": "dso_0060166",
"name": "bipolar ll disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode; with this disorder, depressive episodes are more frequent and more intense than manic episodes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29864
},
{
"id": "dso_0060167",
"name": "seasonal affective disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mental depression that involves presentation of depressive symptoms only during a specific season of the year.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29865
},
{
"id": "dso_0060179",
"name": "Renpenning syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An intellectual disability that is characterized by small head size (microcephaly), long narrow face, short stature, small testes, and intellectual deficit which follows X-linked inheritance and presents most often in males.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29866
},
{
"id": "dso_10132",
"name": "psychosexual disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29867
},
{
"id": "dso_10236",
"name": "exhibitionism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:10",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29868
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{
"id": "dso_1059",
"name": "intellectual disability",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves significant limitations both in mental functioning and in adaptive behavior such as communicating, taking care of him or herself, and social skills.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29869
},
{
"id": "dso_10646",
"name": "schizotypal personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a need for social isolation, anxiety in social situations, odd behavior and thinking, and often unconventional beliefs.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29870
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{
"id": "dso_10685",
"name": "separation anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves the feeling of excessive and inappropriate levels of anxiety over being separated from a person to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment or place.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29871
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{
"id": "dso_10817",
"name": "sexual sadism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29872
},
{
"id": "dso_10834",
"name": "voyeurism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29873
},
{
"id": "dso_10849",
"name": "sexual masochism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29874
},
{
"id": "dso_10914",
"name": "amnestic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder where the memory is disturbed or lost and involves the loss of memories previously established, loss of the ability to create new memories, or loss of the ability to learn new information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29875
},
{
"id": "dso_10919",
"name": "transsexualism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A gender identity disorder that is characterized by an individual's identification with a gender inconsistent or not culturally associated with their biological sex.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29876
},
{
"id": "dso_10930",
"name": "borderline personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a prolonged disturbance of personality function characterized by depth and variability of moods.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29877
},
{
"id": "dso_10931",
"name": "dependent personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive psychological dependence on other people.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29878
},
{
"id": "dso_10932",
"name": "obsessive-compulsive personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29879
},
{
"id": "dso_10933",
"name": "obsessive-compulsive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves unwanted and repeated thoughts, feelings, ideas, sensations (obsessions), or behaviors that make them feel driven to do something (compulsions).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29880
},
{
"id": "dso_10934",
"name": "multiple personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder that involves the simultaneous display of multiple distinct identities or personalities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29881
},
{
"id": "dso_10935",
"name": "dissociative disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health in which the normally well-integrated functions of memory, identity, perception, or consciousness are separated (dissociated).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29882
},
{
"id": "dso_10936",
"name": "schizoid personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, a tendency towards a solitary lifestyle, secretiveness, emotional coldness and sometimes sexual apathy, with a simultaneous rich, elaborate and exclusively internal fantasy world.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29883
},
{
"id": "dso_10937",
"name": "impulse control disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves a failure to resist an impulsive act or behaviour that may be harmful to self or others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29884
},
{
"id": "dso_10938",
"name": "paranoid personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by paranoia and a pervasive, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29885
},
{
"id": "dso_10939",
"name": "antisocial personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29886
},
{
"id": "dso_1094",
"name": "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by co-existence of attentional problems and hyperactivity, with each behavior occurring infrequently alone\\\" and symptoms starting before seven years of age.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29887
},
{
"id": "dso_11037",
"name": "dissociative amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder where he continuity of the patient's memory is disrupted. Patients with dissociative amnesia have recurrent episodes in which they forget important personal information or events, usually connected with trauma or severe stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29888
},
{
"id": "dso_11038",
"name": "depersonalization disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder in which the sufferer is affected by persistent or recurrent feelings of depersonalization and/or derealization.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29889
},
{
"id": "dso_11120",
"name": "psychologic dyspareunia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29890
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{
"id": "dso_11206",
"name": "opioid abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of opioid drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29891
},
{
"id": "dso_11257",
"name": "social phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder that involves social anxiety occurring only in specific public or social situations, interactions with others or being evaluated or scrutinized by other people.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29892
},
{
"id": "dso_11328",
"name": "schizophreniform disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that involves schizophrenia symptoms over time period of one month.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29893
},
{
"id": "dso_11385",
"name": "expressive language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A language disorder that involves difficulties with verbal and written expression characterized by an ability to use expressive spoken language that is markedly below the appropriate level for the mental age, but with a language comprehension that is within normal limits.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29894
},
{
"id": "dso_11507",
"name": "rumination disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder that is characterized by effortless regurgitation of most meals following consumption.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29895
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{
"id": "dso_11569",
"name": "neurocirculatory asthenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves heart disease symptoms without any identifiable physiological abnormatlities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29896
},
{
"id": "dso_11718",
"name": "antidepressant type abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of antidepressant drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29897
},
{
"id": "dso_1203",
"name": "drug-induced mental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29898
},
{
"id": "dso_1206",
"name": "Rett syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disease that is a neurological and developmental disorder that mostly occurs in females and is caused_by a mutation on the MECP2 gene on the X chromosome. Infants with Rett syndrome seem to grow and develop normally at first, but then stop developing and even lose skills and abilities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29899
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{
"id": "dso_12128",
"name": "pica disease",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder that is characterized by an appetite for non-nutritive substances or food ingredients.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29900
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{
"id": "dso_12129",
"name": "bulimia nervosa",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder characterized by the restraining of food intake for a period of time followed by an over intake or binging period that results in feelings of guilt and low self-esteem.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29901
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{
"id": "dso_12139",
"name": "dysthymic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that involves the presence of a low mood almost daily over a span of at least two years.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29902
},
{
"id": "dso_1229",
"name": "paranoid schizophrenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A schizophrenia that involves delusions or auditory hallucinations of persecution or being plotted against without thought disorder, disorganized behavior, or affective flattening.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29903
},
{
"id": "dso_12294",
"name": "atypical depressive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that is characterized by mood reactivity (paradoxical anhedonia) and positivity, significant weight gain or increased appetite (\\\"comfort eating\\\"), excessive sleep or somnolence (hypersomnia), a sensation of heaviness in limbs known as leaden paralysis, and significant social impairment as a consequence of hypersensitivity to perceived interpersonal rejection.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29904
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{
"id": "dso_1233",
"name": "transvestism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29905
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{
"id": "dso_1234",
"name": "gender identity disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves a conflict between a person's actual physical gender and the gender that person identifies himself or herself as.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29906
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{
"id": "dso_1235",
"name": "fetishism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29907
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{
"id": "dso_12399",
"name": "pathological gambling",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable impulse to gamble, irrespective of the interference the behaviour has on the individual's life.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29908
},
{
"id": "dso_12400",
"name": "kleptomania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the repeated impulse to steal for no great gain, when he or she has sufficient money to pay for the item and no need for what is stolen.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29909
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{
"id": "dso_12401",
"name": "intermittent explosive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the episodic inability to control violent impulses with a disproportionate degree of aggressiveness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29910
},
{
"id": "dso_12402",
"name": "pyromania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable impulse to repeatedly set fires with no obvious motive.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29911
},
{
"id": "dso_12568",
"name": "dyscalculia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability involving a math disability can cause such difficulties as learning math concepts (such as quantity, place value, and time), difficulty memorizing math facts, difficulty organizing numbers, and understanding how problems are organized on the page.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29912
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{
"id": "dso_12685",
"name": "mixed receptive-expressive language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves both the receptive and expressive areas of communication may be affected in any degree, from mild to severe.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29913
},
{
"id": "dso_12797",
"name": "hallucinogen abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of hallucinogenic drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29914
},
{
"id": "dso_12849",
"name": "autistic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that is characterized by symptoms across all three symptom domains (communication, social, restricted repetitive interests and behaviors), delayed language development, and symptom onset prior to age 3 years.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29915
},
{
"id": "dso_12883",
"name": "hypochondriasis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves an excessive preoccupation or worry about having a serious illness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29916
},
{
"id": "dso_12995",
"name": "conduct disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder marked by a pattern of repetitive behavior wherein the rights of others or social norms are violated.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29917
},
{
"id": "dso_1307",
"name": "dementia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder resulting from a loss of brain function affecting memory, thinking, language, judgement and behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29918
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{
"id": "dso_13351",
"name": "pedophilia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29919
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{
"id": "dso_13352",
"name": "ego-dystonic sexual orientation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A gender identity disorder that is characterized by having a sexual orientation or an attraction that is at odds with one's idealized self-image, causing anxiety and a desire to change one's orientation or become more comfortable with one's sexual orientation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29920
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{
"id": "dso_13365",
"name": "reading disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability involing difficulty reading resulting primarily from neurological factors which affect any part of the reading process.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29921
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{
"id": "dso_13417",
"name": "alexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize text.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29922
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{
"id": "dso_13487",
"name": "childhood disintegrative disease",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disease that is a rare condition characterized by late onset (>3 years of age) of developmental delays in language, social function, and motor skills where children who have had previously normal development who then appear to regress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29923
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{
"id": "dso_13709",
"name": "premature ejaculation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29924
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{
"id": "dso_13868",
"name": "hypoactive sexual desire disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29925
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{
"id": "dso_13918",
"name": "somatization disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves persistently complaints of varied physical symptoms that have no identifiable physical origin.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29926
},
{
"id": "dso_14042",
"name": "bipolar I disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one manic or mixed episode.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:20",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29927
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{
"id": "dso_14320",
"name": "generalized anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that is characterized by long-lasting anxiety that is not focused on any one object or situation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:20",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29928
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{
"id": "dso_1470",
"name": "major depressive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An endogenous depression that is characterized by an all-encompassing low mood accompanied by low self-esteem, and by loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29929
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{
"id": "dso_1509",
"name": "avoidant personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation, and avoidance of social interaction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29930
},
{
"id": "dso_1510",
"name": "personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involve long-term patterns of thoughts and behaviors that cause serious problems with relationships and work.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29931
},
{
"id": "dso_1561",
"name": "cognitive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that affects cognitive functions including memory processing, perception and problem solving.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29932
},
{
"id": "dso_1574",
"name": "alcohol abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of alcoholic beverages despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29933
},
{
"id": "dso_1595",
"name": "endogenous depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mental depression that is characterized by a dysregulation of the endogenous opioid system and not of the monaminergic system.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29934
},
{
"id": "dso_1596",
"name": "mental depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29935
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{
"id": "dso_1742",
"name": "drug psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29936
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{
"id": "dso_1766",
"name": "factitious disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health where symptoms are deliberately produced, feigned or exaggerated in order to falsely demonstrate the presence of an illness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29937
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{
"id": "dso_1768",
"name": "conversion disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves numbness, blindness, paralysis or fits without a neurological cause.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29938
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{
"id": "dso_1849",
"name": "cannabis dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of cannabis despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29939
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{
"id": "dso_1875",
"name": "impotence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29940
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{
"id": "dso_1876",
"name": "sexual dysfunction",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29941
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{
"id": "dso_2030",
"name": "anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29942
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{
"id": "dso_2033",
"name": "communication disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves specific developmental disorders of speech and language.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29943
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{
"id": "dso_2055",
"name": "post-traumatic stress disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder which results from a traumatic experience that results in psychological trauma.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29944
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{
"id": "dso_2303",
"name": "stereotypic movement disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by repeated, rhythmic, purposeless movements or activities such as head banging, nail biting, or body rocking.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29945
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{
"id": "dso_2468",
"name": "psychotic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves abnormal thinking and perceptions resulting in a disconnection with reality.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29946
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{
"id": "dso_251",
"name": "alcohol-induced mental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29947
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{
"id": "dso_2510",
"name": "Kluver-Bucy syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves abnormalities in memory, social and sexual functioning and idiosyncratic behaviors resulting from damage from trauma or infection to both temporal lobes causing individuals to put objects in their mouths and engage in inappropriate sexual behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29948
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{
"id": "dso_252",
"name": "alcoholic psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29949
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{
"id": "dso_2559",
"name": "opiate dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of opiate drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29950
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{
"id": "dso_2560",
"name": "morphine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of morphine despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29951
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{
"id": "dso_2575",
"name": "barbiturate dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of barbiturates despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29952
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{
"id": "dso_2745",
"name": "narcissistic personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves an excessive preoccupation with issues of personal adequacy, power, prestige and vanity.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29953
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{
"id": "dso_2846",
"name": "bruxism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves involuntarily grinding or clenching of the teeth while sleeping.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29954
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{
"id": "dso_2848",
"name": "melancholia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29955
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{
"id": "dso_302",
"name": "substance abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that involves a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to significant impairment in functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:26",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29956
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{
"id": "dso_303",
"name": "substance-related disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health involving the abuse or dependence on a substance that is ingested in order to produce a high, alter one's senses, or otherwise affect functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:26",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29957
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{
"id": "dso_3312",
"name": "bipolar disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that involves alternating periods of mania and depression.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29958
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{
"id": "dso_3324",
"name": "mood disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29959
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{
"id": "dso_334",
"name": "histrionic personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking, including an excessive need for approval and inappropriately seductive behavior, usually beginning in early adulthood.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29960
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{
"id": "dso_4090",
"name": "agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that is a loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective nor is there any significant memory loss.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29961
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{
"id": "dso_4186",
"name": "articulation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves mispronouncing speech sounds by omitting, distorting, substituting, or adding sounds which can make speech difficult to understand.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29962
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{
"id": "dso_4188",
"name": "echolalia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves the automatic repetition of vocalizations made by another person.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29963
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{
"id": "dso_4189",
"name": "mutism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves a complete inability to speak.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29964
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{
"id": "dso_4260",
"name": "gait apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29965
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{
"id": "dso_4428",
"name": "dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A reading disorder resulting from a developmental reading disability involving the inability to process graphic symbols resulting in impairment of reading ability.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29966
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{
"id": "dso_4540",
"name": "dysgraphia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A writing disorder that involves a deficiency in the ability to write where the writing is distorted or incorrect, spelling difficulty, poor handwriting or trouble putting thoughts on paper.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29967
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{
"id": "dso_4541",
"name": "nominal aphasia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that involves a severe problem with recalling words or names.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29968
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{
"id": "dso_4543",
"name": "retrograde amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An amnestic disorder that involves a loss of one's pre-existing memories to conscious recollection.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29969
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{
"id": "dso_4627",
"name": "ideomotor apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29970
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{
"id": "dso_4737",
"name": "somatoform disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves physical symptoms suggesting a physical illness where the biological or medical cause of the symptoms is indeterminate.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29971
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{
"id": "dso_4762",
"name": "vasculogenic impotence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
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{
"id": "dso_4964",
"name": "neurotic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves discress but neither delusions nor hallucinations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29973
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{
"id": "dso_4970",
"name": "prosopagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that results in the loss of the ability to consciously recognize familiar faces.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29974
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{
"id": "dso_5062",
"name": "phencyclidine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of phencyclidine (PCP) drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:34",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29975
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{
"id": "dso_507",
"name": "adjustment disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that is an abnormal and excessive emotional and behavioral reaction to a life stress that develops within 3 months of a life stress, and which is stronger or greater than what would be expected for the type of event that occurred.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:34",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29976
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{
"id": "dso_5340",
"name": "anterograde amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An amnestic disorder that involves the impaired or lost ability to memorize new things.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29977
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{
"id": "dso_535",
"name": "sleep disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves disruption of sleep patterns.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29978
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{
"id": "dso_5418",
"name": "schizoaffective disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that is characterized by recurring episodes of mood fluctuations and a loss of contact with reality.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29979
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{
"id": "dso_5419",
"name": "schizophrenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that is characterized by a disintegration of thought processes and of emotional responsiveness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29980
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{
"id": "dso_591",
"name": "phobic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder where fear and anxiety are triggered by a specific stimulus or situation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29981
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{
"id": "dso_593",
"name": "agoraphobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder involving the specific anxiety about being in a place or situation where escape is difficult or embarrassing or where help may be unavailable.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29982
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{
"id": "dso_594",
"name": "panic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that is characterized by unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms that may include chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, or abdominal distress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29983
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{
"id": "dso_599",
"name": "specific phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder that is characterized by an unreasonable or irrational fear related to exposure to specific objects or situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29984
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{
"id": "dso_600",
"name": "animal phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that involves a fear caused by the presence or thought of a specific animal that poses little or no danger at all.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29985
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{
"id": "dso_602",
"name": "cancerophobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29986
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{
"id": "dso_603",
"name": "AIDS phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29987
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{
"id": "dso_605",
"name": "flying phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that is characterized by a fear of flying.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29988
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{
"id": "dso_6088",
"name": "acute stress disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that has_symptom flashbacks, has_symptom bad dreams, has_symptom frightening thoughts, has_symptom avoidance or has_symptom hyperarousal of PTSD occurring within one month of a traumatic experience as Acute Stress Disorder or ASD.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29989
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{
"id": "dso_6680",
"name": "Capgras syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A delusional disorder in which a person holds a delusion that a friend, spouse, parent, or other close family member has been replaced by an identical-looking impostor.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:40",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29990
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{
"id": "dso_670",
"name": "amphetamine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of amphetamines despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:40",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29991
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{
"id": "dso_6950",
"name": "combat disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An acute stress disorder that involves neurotic reactions to unusual, severe, or overwhelming military stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:41",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29992
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{
"id": "dso_778",
"name": "delusional disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that involves an uncommon psychiatric condition in which patients present with circumscribed symptoms of non-bizarre delusions, but with the absence of prominent hallucinations and no thought disorder, mood disorder, or significant flattening effect.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:43",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29993
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{
"id": "dso_809",
"name": "cocaine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of cocaine despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:44",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29994
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{
"id": "dso_845",
"name": "cyclothymic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that involves recurrent hypomanic and dysthymic episodes, but no full manic episodes or full major depressive episodes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:44",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29995
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{
"id": "dso_8519",
"name": "barbiturate abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of barbiturate drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:45",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29996
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{
"id": "dso_8619",
"name": "recurrent hypersomnia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves recurring bouts of excessive amounts of sleepiness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:45",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29997
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{
"id": "dso_8645",
"name": "subacute delirium",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29998
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{
"id": "dso_8646",
"name": "substance-induced psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29999
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{
"id": "dso_8670",
"name": "eating disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by abnormal eating habits that may involve either insufficient or excessive food intake to the detriment of an individual's physical and emotional health.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30000
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{
"id": "dso_8689",
"name": "anorexia nervosa",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder characterized by refusal to maintain a healthy body weight, and an obsessive fear of gaining weight due to a distorted self image.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30001
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{
"id": "dso_8927",
"name": "learning disability",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves difficulty in scholastic skills such as reading, writing, spelling, reasoning, recalling and/or organizing information resulting from the brain's inability to receive and process information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30002
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{
"id": "dso_8986",
"name": "narcolepsy",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves an excessive urge to sleep at inappropriate times, such as while at work.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30003
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{
"id": "dso_9091",
"name": "REM sleep behavior disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves abnormal behavior including the acting out of violent or dramatic dreams during the sleep phase with rapid eye movement.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30004
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{
"id": "dso_92",
"name": "speech disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves difficulty with the act of speech production.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30005
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{
"id": "dso_9207",
"name": "periodic limb movement disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves involuntary limb movement during sleep.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30006
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{
"id": "dso_9220",
"name": "central sleep apnea",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder involving diminished capability to breath for short periods of time.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30007
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{
"id": "dso_93",
"name": "language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves the processing of linguistic information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30008
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{
"id": "dso_9336",
"name": "bestiality",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30009
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{
"id": "dso_9478",
"name": "postpartum depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An endogenous depression that involves intense, sustained and sometimes disabling depression experienced by women after giving birth.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 30010
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{
"id": "dso_9505",
"name": "cannabis abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of cannabis despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30011
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{
"id": "dso_9828",
"name": "neonatal abstinence syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A withdrawal disorder that is characterized by a group of problems that occur in a newborn who was exposed to addictive illegal or prescription drugs while in the mother's womb or postnatally following the discontinuance of drug treatment.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 30012
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{
"id": "dso_9923",
"name": "developmental coordination disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves disordered motor skills where coordinated muscle movement is impaired.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30013
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{
"id": "dso_9973",
"name": "substance dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that involves the continued use of alcohol or other drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30014
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{
"id": "dso_9974",
"name": "drug dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance dependence that involves the continued use of drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30015
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{
"id": "dso_9975",
"name": "cocaine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that is a psychological dependency on the regular use of cocaine.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30016
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{
"id": "dso_9976",
"name": "heroin dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of heroin despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 30017
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{
"id": "dso_9977",
"name": "hallucinogen dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of hallucinogenic drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 30018
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{
"id": "dso_5341d1ef4107e",
"name": "Alzheimer disease ",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function and the leading cause of dementia worldwide.",
"event_stamp": "2014-04-06T22:15:11",
"id_user": "usr_5341b8a1ef5dc",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 30019
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{
"id": "dso_52c731124ad3e",
"name": "formula creation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disorder of the brain which causes one to bungle simple Excel formulas.",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-03T21:52:18",
"id_user": "usr_52c72b3896b00",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 30020
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{
"id": "dso_52c73c015b5a4",
"name": "explorer deprecation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "the pathological fear of being beset by spam, the inability to move on to new, more secure browers.",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-03T22:38:57",
"id_user": "usr_52c72b3896b00",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 30021
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{
"id": "dso_52d06688e07f3",
"name": "philoprogeria",
"classification": null,
"definition": "made up",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-10T21:30:48",
"id_user": "usr_49a467bf4e0db",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 30022
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{
"id": "dso_55ac96d54ae2c",
"name": "Semantic Dementia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Semantic dementia (SD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of semantic memory in both the verbal and non-verbal domains. The most common presenting symptoms are in the verbal domain however (with loss of word meaning) and it is characterized as a primary progressive aphasia.",
"event_stamp": "2015-07-20T06:36:05",
"id_user": "usr_4ffbda803dbd6",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 30023
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{
"id": "dso_55e1b3573c90c",
"name": "Letter position dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Letter position dyslexia is a type of reading disorder that results from an impairment in the encoding of letter positions within the word. It can be developmental or acquired. The main characteristic of this dyslexia is letter transpositions within the word (reading from as \"form\", parties as \"pirates). ",
"event_stamp": "2015-08-29T13:27:51",
"id_user": "usr_55dcf0b42d06c",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30024
},
{
"id": "dso_55e1b3f9ace16",
"name": "surface dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "surface dyslexia is a reading impairment that can be acquired or developmental. It results from a deficit in the lexical route for word reading. As a result, the reader needs to rely on the sublexical for reading, reading by converting each letter or group of letters (grapheme) to a sound (phoneme). Surface dyslexia is characterised by slow reading (because reading via grapheme-to-phoneme conversion is slower than reading via the lexical route); it is also characterised by incorrect reading aloud of irregular words (such as talk, sure, none, and comb). ",
"event_stamp": "2015-08-29T13:30:33",
"id_user": "usr_55dcf0b42d06c",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30025
},
{
"id": "dso_579651a7e2604",
"name": "Mild Cognitive Impairment",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate clinical state between normal cognitive aging and dementia, and it precedes and leads to dementia in many cases. The concept of MCI is new, evolving, and somewhat controversial, but there is rough consensus as to its clinical definition and prognosis.\r\nCriteria include the presence of subjective complaints of gradual memory loss over at least 6 months reported by the patient or family members, with objective evidence of memory loss demonstrated on clinical memory tests. There has to be general preservation of other cognitive domains (Nasreddine et al. 2005).",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-25T17:51:35",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30026
},
{
"id": "dso_5798cf99cfaa3",
"name": "ideational apraxia (conceptual apraxia)",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Patients have an inability to conceptualize a task and impaired ability to complete multi-step actions. Consists of an inability to select and carry out an appropriate motor program. For example, the patient may complete actions in incorrect orders, such as buttering bread before putting it in the toaster, or putting on shoes before putting on socks. There is also a loss of ability to voluntarily perform a learned task when given the necessary objects or tools. For instance, if given a screwdriver, the patient may try to write with it as if it were a pen, or try to comb his hair with a toothbrush.",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-27T15:13:29",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30027
},
{
"id": "dso_5798d1ed9bd8f",
"name": "constructional apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "The inability to draw or construct simple configurations, such as intersecting shapes.",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-27T15:23:25",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30028
},
{
"id": "dso_uHjC9RdkuVboM",
"name": "Rigidity",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Inflexibility, difficulty making transitions, adherence to set patterns. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trait_theory#List_of_personality_traits",
"event_stamp": null,
"id_user": null,
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": null,
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 43613
},
{
"id": "dso_XngxUO4eoQNlQ",
"name": "Tetraplegia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Paralysis, resulting in loss of function of all four limbs. May be the result of injury or disease.",
"event_stamp": null,
"id_user": null,
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": null,
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 57802
},
{
"id": "dso_G3nNv2r93emFz",
"name": "Stroke",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Medical condition, caused bu obstruction of blood flow to the brain. Results in cell death and various neurological symptoms, including aphasia, tetraplegia and behavioral disorders.",
"event_stamp": null,
"id_user": null,
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": null,
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 57803
},
{
"id": "dso_0050432",
"name": "Asperger syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that is characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. It differs from other autism spectrum disorders by its relative preservation of linguistic and cognitive development.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29811
},
{
"id": "dso_0050587",
"name": "trichotillomania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable plucking of ones hair.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29812
},
{
"id": "dso_0050628",
"name": "advanced sleep phase syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder tah involves an altered circadian rhythm resulting in falling asleep in early evening and awaking very early in the morning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29813
},
{
"id": "dso_0050665",
"name": "fetal alcohol syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in severe mental and physical defects which can develop in a child when the mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. The presenting features include craniofacial dysmorphology (microcephaly, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, small eye openings), pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, and central nervous system dysfunction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29814
},
{
"id": "dso_0050666",
"name": "partial fetal alcohol syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in most, but not all, of the growth deficiency and/or craniofacial features of fetal alcohol syndrome including central nervous system dysfunction due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29815
},
{
"id": "dso_0050667",
"name": "alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in central nervous system dysfunction and behavioral and/or cognitive deficits due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29816
},
{
"id": "dso_0050668",
"name": "alcohol-related birth defect",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in damage to organs, bones, or muscles due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29817
},
{
"id": "dso_0050696",
"name": "fetal alcohol spectrum disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A physical disorder that involves physical, behavioral and learning birth defects resulting from maternal ingestion of alcohol during pregnancy.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29818
},
{
"id": "dso_0050741",
"name": "alcohol dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29819
},
{
"id": "dso_0050742",
"name": "nicotine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29820
},
{
"id": "dso_0050776",
"name": "non-specific X-linked mental retardation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29821
},
{
"id": "dso_0060001",
"name": "withdrawal disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that occurs upon the abrupt discontinuation/separation or a decrease in dosage of the intake of medications, recreational drugs, and alcohol.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29822
},
{
"id": "dso_0060037",
"name": "developmental disorder of mental health",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that occur during a child's developmental period between birth and age 18 resulting in retarding of the child's psycholotgical or physical development.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29823
},
{
"id": "dso_0060038",
"name": "specific developmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A developmental disorder of mental health that categorizes specific learning disabilities and developmental disorders affecting coordination.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29824
},
{
"id": "dso_0060040",
"name": "pervasive developmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A developmental disorder of mental health that refers to a group of five disorders characterized by impairments in socialization and communication, as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29825
},
{
"id": "dso_0060041",
"name": "autism spectrum disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disorder that is a spectrum of psychological conditions. The disease has_symptom widespread abnormalities of social interactions and communication, has_symptom severely restricted interests and has_symptom highly repetitive behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29826
},
{
"id": "dso_0060042",
"name": "atypical autism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that involves some autistic symptoms occuring after age 3 with an abscence of all the traits necessary for a diagnosis of autism.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29827
},
{
"id": "dso_0060043",
"name": "sexual disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves the impairment in normal sexual functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29828
},
{
"id": "dso_0060044",
"name": "paraphilia disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29829
},
{
"id": "dso_0060045",
"name": "Munchausen by proxy",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A factitious disorder that involves a care giver's deliberate exaggeration, fabrication, and/or induce physical, psychological, behavioral, and/or mental health problems in others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29830
},
{
"id": "dso_0060046",
"name": "aphasia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A language disorder that involves an acquired impairment of any language modality such as producing or comprehending spoken or written language.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29831
},
{
"id": "dso_0060047",
"name": "writing disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability that involves impaired written language ability such as impairments in handwriting, spelling, organization of ideas, and composition.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29832
},
{
"id": "dso_0060048",
"name": "nosophobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that involves an irrational fear of contracting a disease.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29833
},
{
"id": "dso_0060130",
"name": "akinetopsia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of motion perception.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29834
},
{
"id": "dso_0060131",
"name": "alexithymia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a deficiency in understanding, processing, or describing emotions.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29835
},
{
"id": "dso_0060132",
"name": "amusia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize musical notes, rhythms, and intervals.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29836
},
{
"id": "dso_0060133",
"name": "anosognosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to gain feedback about one's own condition or impairments.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29837
},
{
"id": "dso_0060134",
"name": "apperceptive agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish visual shapes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29838
},
{
"id": "dso_0060135",
"name": "apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to map out physical actions in order to repeat them in functional activities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29839
},
{
"id": "dso_0060136",
"name": "associative agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize visual scenes or classes of objects but retain the abilty to describe them.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29840
},
{
"id": "dso_0060137",
"name": "auditory agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguishing environmental and non-verbal auditory cues including difficulty distinguishing speech from non-speech sounds even though hearing is usually normal.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29841
},
{
"id": "dso_0060138",
"name": "autotopagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to orient parts of the body.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29842
},
{
"id": "dso_0060139",
"name": "color agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize a color, while being able to perceive or distinguish it.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29843
},
{
"id": "dso_0060140",
"name": "cortical deafness",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive any auditory information but whose hearing is intact.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29844
},
{
"id": "dso_0060141",
"name": "finger agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish the fingers on the hand.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29845
},
{
"id": "dso_0060142",
"name": "form agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive a whole object while perceiving only parts of details.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29846
},
{
"id": "dso_0060143",
"name": "integrative agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to integrate these elements together into comprehensible perceptual wholes while recognizing elements of the whole.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29847
},
{
"id": "dso_0060144",
"name": "mirror agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to acknowledge objects in the neglected field that are visible when a mirror reflects the object visible in the non-neglected field.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29848
},
{
"id": "dso_0060145",
"name": "pain agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive and process pain.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29849
},
{
"id": "dso_0060146",
"name": "phonagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize familiar voices.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29850
},
{
"id": "dso_0060147",
"name": "semantic agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognise an object while maintaining the use of non-visual sensory systems such as feeling, tapping, smelling, rocking or flicking the object to recognise the object.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29851
},
{
"id": "dso_0060148",
"name": "simultanagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recgonize a whole image or scene while retianing the ability to recognize objects or details in their visual field one at a time.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29852
},
{
"id": "dso_0060149",
"name": "social emotional agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive facial expression, body language and intonation, rendering them unable to non-verbally perceive people's emotions and limiting that aspect of social interaction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29853
},
{
"id": "dso_0060150",
"name": "astereognosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is the loss of the ability to recognize objects by touch based on its texture, size and weight.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29854
},
{
"id": "dso_0060151",
"name": "tactile agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize or identify objects by touch alone.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29855
},
{
"id": "dso_0060152",
"name": "time agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehend the succession and duration of events.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29856
},
{
"id": "dso_0060153",
"name": "topographical agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to rely on visual cues to guide them directionally due to the inability to recognise objects.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29857
},
{
"id": "dso_0060154",
"name": "verbal auditory agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognising spoken words as semantically meaningful.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29858
},
{
"id": "dso_0060155",
"name": "visual agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognize objects.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29859
},
{
"id": "dso_0060156",
"name": "visual verbal agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehending the meaning of written words.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29860
},
{
"id": "dso_0060163",
"name": "body dysmorphic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves an excessive concern about and preoccupation with a perceived defect in his or her physical features (body image).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29861
},
{
"id": "dso_0060164",
"name": "pain disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves chronic pain in one or more areas, and is thought to be caused by psychological stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29862
},
{
"id": "dso_0060165",
"name": "Kleine-Levin syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A recurrent hypersomnia that is characterized by recurring periods of excessive amounts of sleep and altered behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29863
},
{
"id": "dso_0060166",
"name": "bipolar ll disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode; with this disorder, depressive episodes are more frequent and more intense than manic episodes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29864
},
{
"id": "dso_0060167",
"name": "seasonal affective disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mental depression that involves presentation of depressive symptoms only during a specific season of the year.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29865
},
{
"id": "dso_0060179",
"name": "Renpenning syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An intellectual disability that is characterized by small head size (microcephaly), long narrow face, short stature, small testes, and intellectual deficit which follows X-linked inheritance and presents most often in males.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29866
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{
"id": "dso_10132",
"name": "psychosexual disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29867
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{
"id": "dso_10236",
"name": "exhibitionism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:10",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29868
},
{
"id": "dso_1059",
"name": "intellectual disability",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves significant limitations both in mental functioning and in adaptive behavior such as communicating, taking care of him or herself, and social skills.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29869
},
{
"id": "dso_10646",
"name": "schizotypal personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a need for social isolation, anxiety in social situations, odd behavior and thinking, and often unconventional beliefs.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29870
},
{
"id": "dso_10685",
"name": "separation anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves the feeling of excessive and inappropriate levels of anxiety over being separated from a person to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment or place.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29871
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{
"id": "dso_10817",
"name": "sexual sadism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29872
},
{
"id": "dso_10834",
"name": "voyeurism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29873
},
{
"id": "dso_10849",
"name": "sexual masochism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29874
},
{
"id": "dso_10914",
"name": "amnestic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder where the memory is disturbed or lost and involves the loss of memories previously established, loss of the ability to create new memories, or loss of the ability to learn new information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29875
},
{
"id": "dso_10919",
"name": "transsexualism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A gender identity disorder that is characterized by an individual's identification with a gender inconsistent or not culturally associated with their biological sex.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29876
},
{
"id": "dso_10930",
"name": "borderline personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a prolonged disturbance of personality function characterized by depth and variability of moods.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29877
},
{
"id": "dso_10931",
"name": "dependent personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive psychological dependence on other people.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29878
},
{
"id": "dso_10932",
"name": "obsessive-compulsive personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29879
},
{
"id": "dso_10933",
"name": "obsessive-compulsive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves unwanted and repeated thoughts, feelings, ideas, sensations (obsessions), or behaviors that make them feel driven to do something (compulsions).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29880
},
{
"id": "dso_10934",
"name": "multiple personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder that involves the simultaneous display of multiple distinct identities or personalities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29881
},
{
"id": "dso_10935",
"name": "dissociative disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health in which the normally well-integrated functions of memory, identity, perception, or consciousness are separated (dissociated).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29882
},
{
"id": "dso_10936",
"name": "schizoid personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, a tendency towards a solitary lifestyle, secretiveness, emotional coldness and sometimes sexual apathy, with a simultaneous rich, elaborate and exclusively internal fantasy world.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29883
},
{
"id": "dso_10937",
"name": "impulse control disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves a failure to resist an impulsive act or behaviour that may be harmful to self or others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29884
},
{
"id": "dso_10938",
"name": "paranoid personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by paranoia and a pervasive, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29885
},
{
"id": "dso_10939",
"name": "antisocial personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29886
},
{
"id": "dso_1094",
"name": "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by co-existence of attentional problems and hyperactivity, with each behavior occurring infrequently alone\\\" and symptoms starting before seven years of age.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29887
},
{
"id": "dso_11037",
"name": "dissociative amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder where he continuity of the patient's memory is disrupted. Patients with dissociative amnesia have recurrent episodes in which they forget important personal information or events, usually connected with trauma or severe stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29888
},
{
"id": "dso_11038",
"name": "depersonalization disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder in which the sufferer is affected by persistent or recurrent feelings of depersonalization and/or derealization.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29889
},
{
"id": "dso_11120",
"name": "psychologic dyspareunia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29890
},
{
"id": "dso_11206",
"name": "opioid abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of opioid drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29891
},
{
"id": "dso_11257",
"name": "social phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder that involves social anxiety occurring only in specific public or social situations, interactions with others or being evaluated or scrutinized by other people.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29892
},
{
"id": "dso_11328",
"name": "schizophreniform disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that involves schizophrenia symptoms over time period of one month.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29893
},
{
"id": "dso_11385",
"name": "expressive language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A language disorder that involves difficulties with verbal and written expression characterized by an ability to use expressive spoken language that is markedly below the appropriate level for the mental age, but with a language comprehension that is within normal limits.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29894
},
{
"id": "dso_11507",
"name": "rumination disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder that is characterized by effortless regurgitation of most meals following consumption.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29895
},
{
"id": "dso_11569",
"name": "neurocirculatory asthenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves heart disease symptoms without any identifiable physiological abnormatlities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29896
},
{
"id": "dso_11718",
"name": "antidepressant type abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of antidepressant drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29897
},
{
"id": "dso_1203",
"name": "drug-induced mental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29898
},
{
"id": "dso_1206",
"name": "Rett syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disease that is a neurological and developmental disorder that mostly occurs in females and is caused_by a mutation on the MECP2 gene on the X chromosome. Infants with Rett syndrome seem to grow and develop normally at first, but then stop developing and even lose skills and abilities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29899
},
{
"id": "dso_12128",
"name": "pica disease",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder that is characterized by an appetite for non-nutritive substances or food ingredients.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29900
},
{
"id": "dso_12129",
"name": "bulimia nervosa",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder characterized by the restraining of food intake for a period of time followed by an over intake or binging period that results in feelings of guilt and low self-esteem.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29901
},
{
"id": "dso_12139",
"name": "dysthymic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that involves the presence of a low mood almost daily over a span of at least two years.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29902
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{
"id": "dso_1229",
"name": "paranoid schizophrenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A schizophrenia that involves delusions or auditory hallucinations of persecution or being plotted against without thought disorder, disorganized behavior, or affective flattening.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29903
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{
"id": "dso_12294",
"name": "atypical depressive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that is characterized by mood reactivity (paradoxical anhedonia) and positivity, significant weight gain or increased appetite (\\\"comfort eating\\\"), excessive sleep or somnolence (hypersomnia), a sensation of heaviness in limbs known as leaden paralysis, and significant social impairment as a consequence of hypersensitivity to perceived interpersonal rejection.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29904
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{
"id": "dso_1233",
"name": "transvestism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29905
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{
"id": "dso_1234",
"name": "gender identity disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves a conflict between a person's actual physical gender and the gender that person identifies himself or herself as.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29906
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{
"id": "dso_1235",
"name": "fetishism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29907
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{
"id": "dso_12399",
"name": "pathological gambling",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable impulse to gamble, irrespective of the interference the behaviour has on the individual's life.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29908
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{
"id": "dso_12400",
"name": "kleptomania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the repeated impulse to steal for no great gain, when he or she has sufficient money to pay for the item and no need for what is stolen.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29909
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{
"id": "dso_12401",
"name": "intermittent explosive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the episodic inability to control violent impulses with a disproportionate degree of aggressiveness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29910
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{
"id": "dso_12402",
"name": "pyromania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable impulse to repeatedly set fires with no obvious motive.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29911
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{
"id": "dso_12568",
"name": "dyscalculia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability involving a math disability can cause such difficulties as learning math concepts (such as quantity, place value, and time), difficulty memorizing math facts, difficulty organizing numbers, and understanding how problems are organized on the page.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29912
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{
"id": "dso_12685",
"name": "mixed receptive-expressive language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves both the receptive and expressive areas of communication may be affected in any degree, from mild to severe.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29913
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{
"id": "dso_12797",
"name": "hallucinogen abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of hallucinogenic drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29914
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{
"id": "dso_12849",
"name": "autistic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that is characterized by symptoms across all three symptom domains (communication, social, restricted repetitive interests and behaviors), delayed language development, and symptom onset prior to age 3 years.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29915
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{
"id": "dso_12883",
"name": "hypochondriasis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves an excessive preoccupation or worry about having a serious illness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29916
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{
"id": "dso_12995",
"name": "conduct disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder marked by a pattern of repetitive behavior wherein the rights of others or social norms are violated.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29917
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{
"id": "dso_1307",
"name": "dementia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder resulting from a loss of brain function affecting memory, thinking, language, judgement and behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29918
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{
"id": "dso_13351",
"name": "pedophilia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29919
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{
"id": "dso_13352",
"name": "ego-dystonic sexual orientation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A gender identity disorder that is characterized by having a sexual orientation or an attraction that is at odds with one's idealized self-image, causing anxiety and a desire to change one's orientation or become more comfortable with one's sexual orientation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29920
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{
"id": "dso_13365",
"name": "reading disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability involing difficulty reading resulting primarily from neurological factors which affect any part of the reading process.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29921
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{
"id": "dso_13417",
"name": "alexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize text.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29922
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{
"id": "dso_13487",
"name": "childhood disintegrative disease",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disease that is a rare condition characterized by late onset (>3 years of age) of developmental delays in language, social function, and motor skills where children who have had previously normal development who then appear to regress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29923
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{
"id": "dso_13709",
"name": "premature ejaculation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29924
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{
"id": "dso_13868",
"name": "hypoactive sexual desire disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29925
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{
"id": "dso_13918",
"name": "somatization disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves persistently complaints of varied physical symptoms that have no identifiable physical origin.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29926
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{
"id": "dso_14042",
"name": "bipolar I disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one manic or mixed episode.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:20",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29927
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{
"id": "dso_14320",
"name": "generalized anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that is characterized by long-lasting anxiety that is not focused on any one object or situation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:20",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29928
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{
"id": "dso_1470",
"name": "major depressive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An endogenous depression that is characterized by an all-encompassing low mood accompanied by low self-esteem, and by loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29929
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{
"id": "dso_1509",
"name": "avoidant personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation, and avoidance of social interaction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29930
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{
"id": "dso_1510",
"name": "personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involve long-term patterns of thoughts and behaviors that cause serious problems with relationships and work.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29931
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{
"id": "dso_1561",
"name": "cognitive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that affects cognitive functions including memory processing, perception and problem solving.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29932
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{
"id": "dso_1574",
"name": "alcohol abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of alcoholic beverages despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29933
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{
"id": "dso_1595",
"name": "endogenous depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mental depression that is characterized by a dysregulation of the endogenous opioid system and not of the monaminergic system.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29934
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{
"id": "dso_1596",
"name": "mental depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29935
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{
"id": "dso_1742",
"name": "drug psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29936
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{
"id": "dso_1766",
"name": "factitious disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health where symptoms are deliberately produced, feigned or exaggerated in order to falsely demonstrate the presence of an illness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29937
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{
"id": "dso_1768",
"name": "conversion disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves numbness, blindness, paralysis or fits without a neurological cause.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29938
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{
"id": "dso_1849",
"name": "cannabis dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of cannabis despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29939
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{
"id": "dso_1875",
"name": "impotence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29940
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{
"id": "dso_1876",
"name": "sexual dysfunction",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29941
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{
"id": "dso_2030",
"name": "anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29942
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{
"id": "dso_2033",
"name": "communication disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves specific developmental disorders of speech and language.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29943
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{
"id": "dso_2055",
"name": "post-traumatic stress disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder which results from a traumatic experience that results in psychological trauma.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29944
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{
"id": "dso_2303",
"name": "stereotypic movement disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by repeated, rhythmic, purposeless movements or activities such as head banging, nail biting, or body rocking.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29945
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{
"id": "dso_2468",
"name": "psychotic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves abnormal thinking and perceptions resulting in a disconnection with reality.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29946
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{
"id": "dso_251",
"name": "alcohol-induced mental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29947
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{
"id": "dso_2510",
"name": "Kluver-Bucy syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves abnormalities in memory, social and sexual functioning and idiosyncratic behaviors resulting from damage from trauma or infection to both temporal lobes causing individuals to put objects in their mouths and engage in inappropriate sexual behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29948
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{
"id": "dso_252",
"name": "alcoholic psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29949
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{
"id": "dso_2559",
"name": "opiate dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of opiate drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29950
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{
"id": "dso_2560",
"name": "morphine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of morphine despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29951
},
{
"id": "dso_2575",
"name": "barbiturate dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of barbiturates despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29952
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{
"id": "dso_2745",
"name": "narcissistic personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves an excessive preoccupation with issues of personal adequacy, power, prestige and vanity.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29953
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{
"id": "dso_2846",
"name": "bruxism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves involuntarily grinding or clenching of the teeth while sleeping.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29954
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{
"id": "dso_2848",
"name": "melancholia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29955
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{
"id": "dso_302",
"name": "substance abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that involves a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to significant impairment in functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:26",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29956
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{
"id": "dso_303",
"name": "substance-related disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health involving the abuse or dependence on a substance that is ingested in order to produce a high, alter one's senses, or otherwise affect functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:26",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29957
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{
"id": "dso_3312",
"name": "bipolar disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that involves alternating periods of mania and depression.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29958
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{
"id": "dso_3324",
"name": "mood disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29959
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{
"id": "dso_334",
"name": "histrionic personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking, including an excessive need for approval and inappropriately seductive behavior, usually beginning in early adulthood.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29960
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{
"id": "dso_4090",
"name": "agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that is a loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective nor is there any significant memory loss.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29961
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{
"id": "dso_4186",
"name": "articulation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves mispronouncing speech sounds by omitting, distorting, substituting, or adding sounds which can make speech difficult to understand.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29962
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{
"id": "dso_4188",
"name": "echolalia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves the automatic repetition of vocalizations made by another person.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29963
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{
"id": "dso_4189",
"name": "mutism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves a complete inability to speak.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29964
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{
"id": "dso_4260",
"name": "gait apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29965
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{
"id": "dso_4428",
"name": "dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A reading disorder resulting from a developmental reading disability involving the inability to process graphic symbols resulting in impairment of reading ability.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29966
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{
"id": "dso_4540",
"name": "dysgraphia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A writing disorder that involves a deficiency in the ability to write where the writing is distorted or incorrect, spelling difficulty, poor handwriting or trouble putting thoughts on paper.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29967
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{
"id": "dso_4541",
"name": "nominal aphasia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that involves a severe problem with recalling words or names.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29968
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{
"id": "dso_4543",
"name": "retrograde amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An amnestic disorder that involves a loss of one's pre-existing memories to conscious recollection.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29969
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{
"id": "dso_4627",
"name": "ideomotor apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29970
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{
"id": "dso_4737",
"name": "somatoform disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves physical symptoms suggesting a physical illness where the biological or medical cause of the symptoms is indeterminate.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29971
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{
"id": "dso_4762",
"name": "vasculogenic impotence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29972
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{
"id": "dso_4964",
"name": "neurotic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves discress but neither delusions nor hallucinations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29973
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{
"id": "dso_4970",
"name": "prosopagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that results in the loss of the ability to consciously recognize familiar faces.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29974
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{
"id": "dso_5062",
"name": "phencyclidine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of phencyclidine (PCP) drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:34",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29975
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{
"id": "dso_507",
"name": "adjustment disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that is an abnormal and excessive emotional and behavioral reaction to a life stress that develops within 3 months of a life stress, and which is stronger or greater than what would be expected for the type of event that occurred.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:34",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29976
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{
"id": "dso_5340",
"name": "anterograde amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An amnestic disorder that involves the impaired or lost ability to memorize new things.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29977
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{
"id": "dso_535",
"name": "sleep disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves disruption of sleep patterns.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29978
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{
"id": "dso_5418",
"name": "schizoaffective disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that is characterized by recurring episodes of mood fluctuations and a loss of contact with reality.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29979
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{
"id": "dso_5419",
"name": "schizophrenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that is characterized by a disintegration of thought processes and of emotional responsiveness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29980
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{
"id": "dso_591",
"name": "phobic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder where fear and anxiety are triggered by a specific stimulus or situation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29981
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{
"id": "dso_593",
"name": "agoraphobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder involving the specific anxiety about being in a place or situation where escape is difficult or embarrassing or where help may be unavailable.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29982
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{
"id": "dso_594",
"name": "panic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that is characterized by unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms that may include chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, or abdominal distress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29983
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{
"id": "dso_599",
"name": "specific phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder that is characterized by an unreasonable or irrational fear related to exposure to specific objects or situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29984
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{
"id": "dso_600",
"name": "animal phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that involves a fear caused by the presence or thought of a specific animal that poses little or no danger at all.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
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"ID(c)": 29985
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{
"id": "dso_602",
"name": "cancerophobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29986
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{
"id": "dso_603",
"name": "AIDS phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29987
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{
"id": "dso_605",
"name": "flying phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that is characterized by a fear of flying.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29988
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{
"id": "dso_6088",
"name": "acute stress disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that has_symptom flashbacks, has_symptom bad dreams, has_symptom frightening thoughts, has_symptom avoidance or has_symptom hyperarousal of PTSD occurring within one month of a traumatic experience as Acute Stress Disorder or ASD.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29989
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{
"id": "dso_6680",
"name": "Capgras syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A delusional disorder in which a person holds a delusion that a friend, spouse, parent, or other close family member has been replaced by an identical-looking impostor.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:40",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29990
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{
"id": "dso_670",
"name": "amphetamine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of amphetamines despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:40",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29991
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{
"id": "dso_6950",
"name": "combat disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An acute stress disorder that involves neurotic reactions to unusual, severe, or overwhelming military stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:41",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29992
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{
"id": "dso_778",
"name": "delusional disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that involves an uncommon psychiatric condition in which patients present with circumscribed symptoms of non-bizarre delusions, but with the absence of prominent hallucinations and no thought disorder, mood disorder, or significant flattening effect.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:43",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29993
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{
"id": "dso_809",
"name": "cocaine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of cocaine despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:44",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29994
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{
"id": "dso_845",
"name": "cyclothymic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that involves recurrent hypomanic and dysthymic episodes, but no full manic episodes or full major depressive episodes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:44",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29995
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{
"id": "dso_8519",
"name": "barbiturate abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of barbiturate drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:45",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29996
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{
"id": "dso_8619",
"name": "recurrent hypersomnia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves recurring bouts of excessive amounts of sleepiness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:45",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29997
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{
"id": "dso_8645",
"name": "subacute delirium",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29998
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{
"id": "dso_8646",
"name": "substance-induced psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29999
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{
"id": "dso_8670",
"name": "eating disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by abnormal eating habits that may involve either insufficient or excessive food intake to the detriment of an individual's physical and emotional health.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30000
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{
"id": "dso_8689",
"name": "anorexia nervosa",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder characterized by refusal to maintain a healthy body weight, and an obsessive fear of gaining weight due to a distorted self image.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30001
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{
"id": "dso_8927",
"name": "learning disability",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves difficulty in scholastic skills such as reading, writing, spelling, reasoning, recalling and/or organizing information resulting from the brain's inability to receive and process information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30002
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{
"id": "dso_8986",
"name": "narcolepsy",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves an excessive urge to sleep at inappropriate times, such as while at work.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30003
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{
"id": "dso_9091",
"name": "REM sleep behavior disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves abnormal behavior including the acting out of violent or dramatic dreams during the sleep phase with rapid eye movement.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30004
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{
"id": "dso_92",
"name": "speech disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves difficulty with the act of speech production.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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{
"id": "dso_9207",
"name": "periodic limb movement disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves involuntary limb movement during sleep.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30006
},
{
"id": "dso_9220",
"name": "central sleep apnea",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder involving diminished capability to breath for short periods of time.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30007
},
{
"id": "dso_93",
"name": "language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves the processing of linguistic information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30008
},
{
"id": "dso_9336",
"name": "bestiality",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30009
},
{
"id": "dso_9478",
"name": "postpartum depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An endogenous depression that involves intense, sustained and sometimes disabling depression experienced by women after giving birth.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30010
},
{
"id": "dso_9505",
"name": "cannabis abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of cannabis despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30011
},
{
"id": "dso_9828",
"name": "neonatal abstinence syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A withdrawal disorder that is characterized by a group of problems that occur in a newborn who was exposed to addictive illegal or prescription drugs while in the mother's womb or postnatally following the discontinuance of drug treatment.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30012
},
{
"id": "dso_9923",
"name": "developmental coordination disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves disordered motor skills where coordinated muscle movement is impaired.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30013
},
{
"id": "dso_9973",
"name": "substance dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that involves the continued use of alcohol or other drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30014
},
{
"id": "dso_9974",
"name": "drug dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance dependence that involves the continued use of drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30015
},
{
"id": "dso_9975",
"name": "cocaine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that is a psychological dependency on the regular use of cocaine.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30016
},
{
"id": "dso_9976",
"name": "heroin dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of heroin despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30017
},
{
"id": "dso_9977",
"name": "hallucinogen dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of hallucinogenic drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30018
},
{
"id": "dso_5341d1ef4107e",
"name": "Alzheimer disease ",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function and the leading cause of dementia worldwide.",
"event_stamp": "2014-04-06T22:15:11",
"id_user": "usr_5341b8a1ef5dc",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30019
},
{
"id": "dso_52c731124ad3e",
"name": "formula creation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disorder of the brain which causes one to bungle simple Excel formulas.",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-03T21:52:18",
"id_user": "usr_52c72b3896b00",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30020
},
{
"id": "dso_52c73c015b5a4",
"name": "explorer deprecation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "the pathological fear of being beset by spam, the inability to move on to new, more secure browers.",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-03T22:38:57",
"id_user": "usr_52c72b3896b00",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30021
},
{
"id": "dso_52d06688e07f3",
"name": "philoprogeria",
"classification": null,
"definition": "made up",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-10T21:30:48",
"id_user": "usr_49a467bf4e0db",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30022
},
{
"id": "dso_55ac96d54ae2c",
"name": "Semantic Dementia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Semantic dementia (SD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of semantic memory in both the verbal and non-verbal domains. The most common presenting symptoms are in the verbal domain however (with loss of word meaning) and it is characterized as a primary progressive aphasia.",
"event_stamp": "2015-07-20T06:36:05",
"id_user": "usr_4ffbda803dbd6",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30023
},
{
"id": "dso_55e1b3573c90c",
"name": "Letter position dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Letter position dyslexia is a type of reading disorder that results from an impairment in the encoding of letter positions within the word. It can be developmental or acquired. The main characteristic of this dyslexia is letter transpositions within the word (reading from as \"form\", parties as \"pirates). ",
"event_stamp": "2015-08-29T13:27:51",
"id_user": "usr_55dcf0b42d06c",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30024
},
{
"id": "dso_55e1b3f9ace16",
"name": "surface dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "surface dyslexia is a reading impairment that can be acquired or developmental. It results from a deficit in the lexical route for word reading. As a result, the reader needs to rely on the sublexical for reading, reading by converting each letter or group of letters (grapheme) to a sound (phoneme). Surface dyslexia is characterised by slow reading (because reading via grapheme-to-phoneme conversion is slower than reading via the lexical route); it is also characterised by incorrect reading aloud of irregular words (such as talk, sure, none, and comb). ",
"event_stamp": "2015-08-29T13:30:33",
"id_user": "usr_55dcf0b42d06c",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30025
},
{
"id": "dso_579651a7e2604",
"name": "Mild Cognitive Impairment",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate clinical state between normal cognitive aging and dementia, and it precedes and leads to dementia in many cases. The concept of MCI is new, evolving, and somewhat controversial, but there is rough consensus as to its clinical definition and prognosis.\r\nCriteria include the presence of subjective complaints of gradual memory loss over at least 6 months reported by the patient or family members, with objective evidence of memory loss demonstrated on clinical memory tests. There has to be general preservation of other cognitive domains (Nasreddine et al. 2005).",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-25T17:51:35",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30026
},
{
"id": "dso_5798cf99cfaa3",
"name": "ideational apraxia (conceptual apraxia)",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Patients have an inability to conceptualize a task and impaired ability to complete multi-step actions. Consists of an inability to select and carry out an appropriate motor program. For example, the patient may complete actions in incorrect orders, such as buttering bread before putting it in the toaster, or putting on shoes before putting on socks. There is also a loss of ability to voluntarily perform a learned task when given the necessary objects or tools. For instance, if given a screwdriver, the patient may try to write with it as if it were a pen, or try to comb his hair with a toothbrush.",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-27T15:13:29",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30027
},
{
"id": "dso_5798d1ed9bd8f",
"name": "constructional apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "The inability to draw or construct simple configurations, such as intersecting shapes.",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-27T15:23:25",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30028
},
{
"id": "dso_uHjC9RdkuVboM",
"name": "Rigidity",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Inflexibility, difficulty making transitions, adherence to set patterns. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trait_theory#List_of_personality_traits",
"event_stamp": null,
"id_user": null,
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": null,
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 43613
},
{
"id": "dso_XngxUO4eoQNlQ",
"name": "Tetraplegia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Paralysis, resulting in loss of function of all four limbs. May be the result of injury or disease.",
"event_stamp": null,
"id_user": null,
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": null,
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 57802
},
{
"id": "dso_G3nNv2r93emFz",
"name": "Stroke",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Medical condition, caused bu obstruction of blood flow to the brain. Results in cell death and various neurological symptoms, including aphasia, tetraplegia and behavioral disorders.",
"event_stamp": null,
"id_user": null,
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": null,
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 57803
},
{
"id": "dso_0050432",
"name": "Asperger syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that is characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. It differs from other autism spectrum disorders by its relative preservation of linguistic and cognitive development.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29811
},
{
"id": "dso_0050587",
"name": "trichotillomania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable plucking of ones hair.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29812
},
{
"id": "dso_0050628",
"name": "advanced sleep phase syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder tah involves an altered circadian rhythm resulting in falling asleep in early evening and awaking very early in the morning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29813
},
{
"id": "dso_0050665",
"name": "fetal alcohol syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in severe mental and physical defects which can develop in a child when the mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. The presenting features include craniofacial dysmorphology (microcephaly, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, small eye openings), pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, and central nervous system dysfunction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29814
},
{
"id": "dso_0050666",
"name": "partial fetal alcohol syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in most, but not all, of the growth deficiency and/or craniofacial features of fetal alcohol syndrome including central nervous system dysfunction due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29815
},
{
"id": "dso_0050667",
"name": "alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in central nervous system dysfunction and behavioral and/or cognitive deficits due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29816
},
{
"id": "dso_0050668",
"name": "alcohol-related birth defect",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in damage to organs, bones, or muscles due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29817
},
{
"id": "dso_0050696",
"name": "fetal alcohol spectrum disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A physical disorder that involves physical, behavioral and learning birth defects resulting from maternal ingestion of alcohol during pregnancy.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29818
},
{
"id": "dso_0050741",
"name": "alcohol dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29819
},
{
"id": "dso_0050742",
"name": "nicotine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29820
},
{
"id": "dso_0050776",
"name": "non-specific X-linked mental retardation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29821
},
{
"id": "dso_0060001",
"name": "withdrawal disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that occurs upon the abrupt discontinuation/separation or a decrease in dosage of the intake of medications, recreational drugs, and alcohol.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29822
},
{
"id": "dso_0060037",
"name": "developmental disorder of mental health",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that occur during a child's developmental period between birth and age 18 resulting in retarding of the child's psycholotgical or physical development.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29823
},
{
"id": "dso_0060038",
"name": "specific developmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A developmental disorder of mental health that categorizes specific learning disabilities and developmental disorders affecting coordination.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29824
},
{
"id": "dso_0060040",
"name": "pervasive developmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A developmental disorder of mental health that refers to a group of five disorders characterized by impairments in socialization and communication, as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29825
},
{
"id": "dso_0060041",
"name": "autism spectrum disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disorder that is a spectrum of psychological conditions. The disease has_symptom widespread abnormalities of social interactions and communication, has_symptom severely restricted interests and has_symptom highly repetitive behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29826
},
{
"id": "dso_0060042",
"name": "atypical autism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that involves some autistic symptoms occuring after age 3 with an abscence of all the traits necessary for a diagnosis of autism.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29827
},
{
"id": "dso_0060043",
"name": "sexual disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves the impairment in normal sexual functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29828
},
{
"id": "dso_0060044",
"name": "paraphilia disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29829
},
{
"id": "dso_0060045",
"name": "Munchausen by proxy",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A factitious disorder that involves a care giver's deliberate exaggeration, fabrication, and/or induce physical, psychological, behavioral, and/or mental health problems in others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29830
},
{
"id": "dso_0060046",
"name": "aphasia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A language disorder that involves an acquired impairment of any language modality such as producing or comprehending spoken or written language.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29831
},
{
"id": "dso_0060047",
"name": "writing disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability that involves impaired written language ability such as impairments in handwriting, spelling, organization of ideas, and composition.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29832
},
{
"id": "dso_0060048",
"name": "nosophobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that involves an irrational fear of contracting a disease.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29833
},
{
"id": "dso_0060130",
"name": "akinetopsia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of motion perception.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29834
},
{
"id": "dso_0060131",
"name": "alexithymia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a deficiency in understanding, processing, or describing emotions.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29835
},
{
"id": "dso_0060132",
"name": "amusia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize musical notes, rhythms, and intervals.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29836
},
{
"id": "dso_0060133",
"name": "anosognosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to gain feedback about one's own condition or impairments.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29837
},
{
"id": "dso_0060134",
"name": "apperceptive agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish visual shapes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29838
},
{
"id": "dso_0060135",
"name": "apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to map out physical actions in order to repeat them in functional activities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29839
},
{
"id": "dso_0060136",
"name": "associative agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize visual scenes or classes of objects but retain the abilty to describe them.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29840
},
{
"id": "dso_0060137",
"name": "auditory agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguishing environmental and non-verbal auditory cues including difficulty distinguishing speech from non-speech sounds even though hearing is usually normal.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29841
},
{
"id": "dso_0060138",
"name": "autotopagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to orient parts of the body.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29842
},
{
"id": "dso_0060139",
"name": "color agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize a color, while being able to perceive or distinguish it.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29843
},
{
"id": "dso_0060140",
"name": "cortical deafness",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive any auditory information but whose hearing is intact.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29844
},
{
"id": "dso_0060141",
"name": "finger agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish the fingers on the hand.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29845
},
{
"id": "dso_0060142",
"name": "form agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive a whole object while perceiving only parts of details.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29846
},
{
"id": "dso_0060143",
"name": "integrative agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to integrate these elements together into comprehensible perceptual wholes while recognizing elements of the whole.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29847
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{
"id": "dso_0060144",
"name": "mirror agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to acknowledge objects in the neglected field that are visible when a mirror reflects the object visible in the non-neglected field.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29848
},
{
"id": "dso_0060145",
"name": "pain agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive and process pain.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29849
},
{
"id": "dso_0060146",
"name": "phonagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize familiar voices.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29850
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{
"id": "dso_0060147",
"name": "semantic agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognise an object while maintaining the use of non-visual sensory systems such as feeling, tapping, smelling, rocking or flicking the object to recognise the object.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29851
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{
"id": "dso_0060148",
"name": "simultanagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recgonize a whole image or scene while retianing the ability to recognize objects or details in their visual field one at a time.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29852
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{
"id": "dso_0060149",
"name": "social emotional agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive facial expression, body language and intonation, rendering them unable to non-verbally perceive people's emotions and limiting that aspect of social interaction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29853
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{
"id": "dso_0060150",
"name": "astereognosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is the loss of the ability to recognize objects by touch based on its texture, size and weight.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29854
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{
"id": "dso_0060151",
"name": "tactile agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize or identify objects by touch alone.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29855
},
{
"id": "dso_0060152",
"name": "time agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehend the succession and duration of events.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29856
},
{
"id": "dso_0060153",
"name": "topographical agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to rely on visual cues to guide them directionally due to the inability to recognise objects.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29857
},
{
"id": "dso_0060154",
"name": "verbal auditory agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognising spoken words as semantically meaningful.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29858
},
{
"id": "dso_0060155",
"name": "visual agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognize objects.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29859
},
{
"id": "dso_0060156",
"name": "visual verbal agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehending the meaning of written words.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29860
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{
"id": "dso_0060163",
"name": "body dysmorphic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves an excessive concern about and preoccupation with a perceived defect in his or her physical features (body image).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29861
},
{
"id": "dso_0060164",
"name": "pain disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves chronic pain in one or more areas, and is thought to be caused by psychological stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29862
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{
"id": "dso_0060165",
"name": "Kleine-Levin syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A recurrent hypersomnia that is characterized by recurring periods of excessive amounts of sleep and altered behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29863
},
{
"id": "dso_0060166",
"name": "bipolar ll disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode; with this disorder, depressive episodes are more frequent and more intense than manic episodes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29864
},
{
"id": "dso_0060167",
"name": "seasonal affective disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mental depression that involves presentation of depressive symptoms only during a specific season of the year.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29865
},
{
"id": "dso_0060179",
"name": "Renpenning syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An intellectual disability that is characterized by small head size (microcephaly), long narrow face, short stature, small testes, and intellectual deficit which follows X-linked inheritance and presents most often in males.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29866
},
{
"id": "dso_10132",
"name": "psychosexual disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29867
},
{
"id": "dso_10236",
"name": "exhibitionism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:10",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29868
},
{
"id": "dso_1059",
"name": "intellectual disability",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves significant limitations both in mental functioning and in adaptive behavior such as communicating, taking care of him or herself, and social skills.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29869
},
{
"id": "dso_10646",
"name": "schizotypal personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a need for social isolation, anxiety in social situations, odd behavior and thinking, and often unconventional beliefs.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29870
},
{
"id": "dso_10685",
"name": "separation anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves the feeling of excessive and inappropriate levels of anxiety over being separated from a person to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment or place.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29871
},
{
"id": "dso_10817",
"name": "sexual sadism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29872
},
{
"id": "dso_10834",
"name": "voyeurism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29873
},
{
"id": "dso_10849",
"name": "sexual masochism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29874
},
{
"id": "dso_10914",
"name": "amnestic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder where the memory is disturbed or lost and involves the loss of memories previously established, loss of the ability to create new memories, or loss of the ability to learn new information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29875
},
{
"id": "dso_10919",
"name": "transsexualism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A gender identity disorder that is characterized by an individual's identification with a gender inconsistent or not culturally associated with their biological sex.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29876
},
{
"id": "dso_10930",
"name": "borderline personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a prolonged disturbance of personality function characterized by depth and variability of moods.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29877
},
{
"id": "dso_10931",
"name": "dependent personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive psychological dependence on other people.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29878
},
{
"id": "dso_10932",
"name": "obsessive-compulsive personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29879
},
{
"id": "dso_10933",
"name": "obsessive-compulsive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves unwanted and repeated thoughts, feelings, ideas, sensations (obsessions), or behaviors that make them feel driven to do something (compulsions).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29880
},
{
"id": "dso_10934",
"name": "multiple personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder that involves the simultaneous display of multiple distinct identities or personalities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29881
},
{
"id": "dso_10935",
"name": "dissociative disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health in which the normally well-integrated functions of memory, identity, perception, or consciousness are separated (dissociated).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29882
},
{
"id": "dso_10936",
"name": "schizoid personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, a tendency towards a solitary lifestyle, secretiveness, emotional coldness and sometimes sexual apathy, with a simultaneous rich, elaborate and exclusively internal fantasy world.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29883
},
{
"id": "dso_10937",
"name": "impulse control disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves a failure to resist an impulsive act or behaviour that may be harmful to self or others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29884
},
{
"id": "dso_10938",
"name": "paranoid personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by paranoia and a pervasive, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29885
},
{
"id": "dso_10939",
"name": "antisocial personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29886
},
{
"id": "dso_1094",
"name": "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by co-existence of attentional problems and hyperactivity, with each behavior occurring infrequently alone\\\" and symptoms starting before seven years of age.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29887
},
{
"id": "dso_11037",
"name": "dissociative amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder where he continuity of the patient's memory is disrupted. Patients with dissociative amnesia have recurrent episodes in which they forget important personal information or events, usually connected with trauma or severe stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29888
},
{
"id": "dso_11038",
"name": "depersonalization disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder in which the sufferer is affected by persistent or recurrent feelings of depersonalization and/or derealization.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29889
},
{
"id": "dso_11120",
"name": "psychologic dyspareunia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29890
},
{
"id": "dso_11206",
"name": "opioid abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of opioid drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29891
},
{
"id": "dso_11257",
"name": "social phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder that involves social anxiety occurring only in specific public or social situations, interactions with others or being evaluated or scrutinized by other people.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29892
},
{
"id": "dso_11328",
"name": "schizophreniform disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that involves schizophrenia symptoms over time period of one month.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29893
},
{
"id": "dso_11385",
"name": "expressive language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A language disorder that involves difficulties with verbal and written expression characterized by an ability to use expressive spoken language that is markedly below the appropriate level for the mental age, but with a language comprehension that is within normal limits.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29894
},
{
"id": "dso_11507",
"name": "rumination disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder that is characterized by effortless regurgitation of most meals following consumption.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29895
},
{
"id": "dso_11569",
"name": "neurocirculatory asthenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves heart disease symptoms without any identifiable physiological abnormatlities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29896
},
{
"id": "dso_11718",
"name": "antidepressant type abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of antidepressant drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29897
},
{
"id": "dso_1203",
"name": "drug-induced mental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29898
},
{
"id": "dso_1206",
"name": "Rett syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disease that is a neurological and developmental disorder that mostly occurs in females and is caused_by a mutation on the MECP2 gene on the X chromosome. Infants with Rett syndrome seem to grow and develop normally at first, but then stop developing and even lose skills and abilities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29899
},
{
"id": "dso_12128",
"name": "pica disease",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder that is characterized by an appetite for non-nutritive substances or food ingredients.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29900
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{
"id": "dso_12129",
"name": "bulimia nervosa",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder characterized by the restraining of food intake for a period of time followed by an over intake or binging period that results in feelings of guilt and low self-esteem.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29901
},
{
"id": "dso_12139",
"name": "dysthymic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that involves the presence of a low mood almost daily over a span of at least two years.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29902
},
{
"id": "dso_1229",
"name": "paranoid schizophrenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A schizophrenia that involves delusions or auditory hallucinations of persecution or being plotted against without thought disorder, disorganized behavior, or affective flattening.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29903
},
{
"id": "dso_12294",
"name": "atypical depressive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that is characterized by mood reactivity (paradoxical anhedonia) and positivity, significant weight gain or increased appetite (\\\"comfort eating\\\"), excessive sleep or somnolence (hypersomnia), a sensation of heaviness in limbs known as leaden paralysis, and significant social impairment as a consequence of hypersensitivity to perceived interpersonal rejection.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29904
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{
"id": "dso_1233",
"name": "transvestism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29905
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{
"id": "dso_1234",
"name": "gender identity disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves a conflict between a person's actual physical gender and the gender that person identifies himself or herself as.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29906
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{
"id": "dso_1235",
"name": "fetishism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29907
},
{
"id": "dso_12399",
"name": "pathological gambling",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable impulse to gamble, irrespective of the interference the behaviour has on the individual's life.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29908
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{
"id": "dso_12400",
"name": "kleptomania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the repeated impulse to steal for no great gain, when he or she has sufficient money to pay for the item and no need for what is stolen.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29909
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{
"id": "dso_12401",
"name": "intermittent explosive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the episodic inability to control violent impulses with a disproportionate degree of aggressiveness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29910
},
{
"id": "dso_12402",
"name": "pyromania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable impulse to repeatedly set fires with no obvious motive.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29911
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{
"id": "dso_12568",
"name": "dyscalculia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability involving a math disability can cause such difficulties as learning math concepts (such as quantity, place value, and time), difficulty memorizing math facts, difficulty organizing numbers, and understanding how problems are organized on the page.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29912
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{
"id": "dso_12685",
"name": "mixed receptive-expressive language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves both the receptive and expressive areas of communication may be affected in any degree, from mild to severe.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29913
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{
"id": "dso_12797",
"name": "hallucinogen abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of hallucinogenic drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29914
},
{
"id": "dso_12849",
"name": "autistic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that is characterized by symptoms across all three symptom domains (communication, social, restricted repetitive interests and behaviors), delayed language development, and symptom onset prior to age 3 years.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29915
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{
"id": "dso_12883",
"name": "hypochondriasis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves an excessive preoccupation or worry about having a serious illness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29916
},
{
"id": "dso_12995",
"name": "conduct disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder marked by a pattern of repetitive behavior wherein the rights of others or social norms are violated.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29917
},
{
"id": "dso_1307",
"name": "dementia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder resulting from a loss of brain function affecting memory, thinking, language, judgement and behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29918
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{
"id": "dso_13351",
"name": "pedophilia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29919
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{
"id": "dso_13352",
"name": "ego-dystonic sexual orientation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A gender identity disorder that is characterized by having a sexual orientation or an attraction that is at odds with one's idealized self-image, causing anxiety and a desire to change one's orientation or become more comfortable with one's sexual orientation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29920
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{
"id": "dso_13365",
"name": "reading disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability involing difficulty reading resulting primarily from neurological factors which affect any part of the reading process.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29921
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{
"id": "dso_13417",
"name": "alexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize text.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29922
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{
"id": "dso_13487",
"name": "childhood disintegrative disease",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disease that is a rare condition characterized by late onset (>3 years of age) of developmental delays in language, social function, and motor skills where children who have had previously normal development who then appear to regress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29923
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{
"id": "dso_13709",
"name": "premature ejaculation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29924
},
{
"id": "dso_13868",
"name": "hypoactive sexual desire disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29925
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{
"id": "dso_13918",
"name": "somatization disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves persistently complaints of varied physical symptoms that have no identifiable physical origin.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29926
},
{
"id": "dso_14042",
"name": "bipolar I disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one manic or mixed episode.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:20",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29927
},
{
"id": "dso_14320",
"name": "generalized anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that is characterized by long-lasting anxiety that is not focused on any one object or situation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:20",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29928
},
{
"id": "dso_1470",
"name": "major depressive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An endogenous depression that is characterized by an all-encompassing low mood accompanied by low self-esteem, and by loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29929
},
{
"id": "dso_1509",
"name": "avoidant personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation, and avoidance of social interaction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29930
},
{
"id": "dso_1510",
"name": "personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involve long-term patterns of thoughts and behaviors that cause serious problems with relationships and work.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29931
},
{
"id": "dso_1561",
"name": "cognitive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that affects cognitive functions including memory processing, perception and problem solving.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29932
},
{
"id": "dso_1574",
"name": "alcohol abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of alcoholic beverages despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29933
},
{
"id": "dso_1595",
"name": "endogenous depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mental depression that is characterized by a dysregulation of the endogenous opioid system and not of the monaminergic system.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29934
},
{
"id": "dso_1596",
"name": "mental depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29935
},
{
"id": "dso_1742",
"name": "drug psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29936
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{
"id": "dso_1766",
"name": "factitious disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health where symptoms are deliberately produced, feigned or exaggerated in order to falsely demonstrate the presence of an illness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29937
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{
"id": "dso_1768",
"name": "conversion disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves numbness, blindness, paralysis or fits without a neurological cause.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29938
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{
"id": "dso_1849",
"name": "cannabis dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of cannabis despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29939
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{
"id": "dso_1875",
"name": "impotence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29940
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{
"id": "dso_1876",
"name": "sexual dysfunction",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29941
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{
"id": "dso_2030",
"name": "anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29942
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{
"id": "dso_2033",
"name": "communication disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves specific developmental disorders of speech and language.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29943
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{
"id": "dso_2055",
"name": "post-traumatic stress disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder which results from a traumatic experience that results in psychological trauma.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29944
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{
"id": "dso_2303",
"name": "stereotypic movement disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by repeated, rhythmic, purposeless movements or activities such as head banging, nail biting, or body rocking.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29945
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{
"id": "dso_2468",
"name": "psychotic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves abnormal thinking and perceptions resulting in a disconnection with reality.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29946
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{
"id": "dso_251",
"name": "alcohol-induced mental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29947
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{
"id": "dso_2510",
"name": "Kluver-Bucy syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves abnormalities in memory, social and sexual functioning and idiosyncratic behaviors resulting from damage from trauma or infection to both temporal lobes causing individuals to put objects in their mouths and engage in inappropriate sexual behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29948
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{
"id": "dso_252",
"name": "alcoholic psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29949
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{
"id": "dso_2559",
"name": "opiate dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of opiate drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29950
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{
"id": "dso_2560",
"name": "morphine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of morphine despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29951
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{
"id": "dso_2575",
"name": "barbiturate dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of barbiturates despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29952
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{
"id": "dso_2745",
"name": "narcissistic personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves an excessive preoccupation with issues of personal adequacy, power, prestige and vanity.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29953
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{
"id": "dso_2846",
"name": "bruxism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves involuntarily grinding or clenching of the teeth while sleeping.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29954
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{
"id": "dso_2848",
"name": "melancholia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29955
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{
"id": "dso_302",
"name": "substance abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that involves a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to significant impairment in functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:26",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29956
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{
"id": "dso_303",
"name": "substance-related disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health involving the abuse or dependence on a substance that is ingested in order to produce a high, alter one's senses, or otherwise affect functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:26",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29957
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{
"id": "dso_3312",
"name": "bipolar disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that involves alternating periods of mania and depression.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29958
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{
"id": "dso_3324",
"name": "mood disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29959
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{
"id": "dso_334",
"name": "histrionic personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking, including an excessive need for approval and inappropriately seductive behavior, usually beginning in early adulthood.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29960
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{
"id": "dso_4090",
"name": "agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that is a loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective nor is there any significant memory loss.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29961
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{
"id": "dso_4186",
"name": "articulation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves mispronouncing speech sounds by omitting, distorting, substituting, or adding sounds which can make speech difficult to understand.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29962
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{
"id": "dso_4188",
"name": "echolalia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves the automatic repetition of vocalizations made by another person.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29963
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{
"id": "dso_4189",
"name": "mutism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves a complete inability to speak.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29964
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{
"id": "dso_4260",
"name": "gait apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29965
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{
"id": "dso_4428",
"name": "dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A reading disorder resulting from a developmental reading disability involving the inability to process graphic symbols resulting in impairment of reading ability.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29966
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{
"id": "dso_4540",
"name": "dysgraphia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A writing disorder that involves a deficiency in the ability to write where the writing is distorted or incorrect, spelling difficulty, poor handwriting or trouble putting thoughts on paper.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29967
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{
"id": "dso_4541",
"name": "nominal aphasia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that involves a severe problem with recalling words or names.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29968
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{
"id": "dso_4543",
"name": "retrograde amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An amnestic disorder that involves a loss of one's pre-existing memories to conscious recollection.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29969
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{
"id": "dso_4627",
"name": "ideomotor apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29970
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{
"id": "dso_4737",
"name": "somatoform disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves physical symptoms suggesting a physical illness where the biological or medical cause of the symptoms is indeterminate.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29971
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{
"id": "dso_4762",
"name": "vasculogenic impotence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29972
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{
"id": "dso_4964",
"name": "neurotic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves discress but neither delusions nor hallucinations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29973
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{
"id": "dso_4970",
"name": "prosopagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that results in the loss of the ability to consciously recognize familiar faces.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29974
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{
"id": "dso_5062",
"name": "phencyclidine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of phencyclidine (PCP) drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:34",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29975
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{
"id": "dso_507",
"name": "adjustment disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that is an abnormal and excessive emotional and behavioral reaction to a life stress that develops within 3 months of a life stress, and which is stronger or greater than what would be expected for the type of event that occurred.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:34",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29976
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{
"id": "dso_5340",
"name": "anterograde amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An amnestic disorder that involves the impaired or lost ability to memorize new things.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29977
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{
"id": "dso_535",
"name": "sleep disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves disruption of sleep patterns.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29978
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{
"id": "dso_5418",
"name": "schizoaffective disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that is characterized by recurring episodes of mood fluctuations and a loss of contact with reality.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29979
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{
"id": "dso_5419",
"name": "schizophrenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that is characterized by a disintegration of thought processes and of emotional responsiveness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29980
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{
"id": "dso_591",
"name": "phobic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder where fear and anxiety are triggered by a specific stimulus or situation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29981
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{
"id": "dso_593",
"name": "agoraphobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder involving the specific anxiety about being in a place or situation where escape is difficult or embarrassing or where help may be unavailable.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29982
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{
"id": "dso_594",
"name": "panic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that is characterized by unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms that may include chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, or abdominal distress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29983
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{
"id": "dso_599",
"name": "specific phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder that is characterized by an unreasonable or irrational fear related to exposure to specific objects or situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29984
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{
"id": "dso_600",
"name": "animal phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that involves a fear caused by the presence or thought of a specific animal that poses little or no danger at all.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29985
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{
"id": "dso_602",
"name": "cancerophobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29986
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{
"id": "dso_603",
"name": "AIDS phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29987
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{
"id": "dso_605",
"name": "flying phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that is characterized by a fear of flying.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29988
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{
"id": "dso_6088",
"name": "acute stress disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that has_symptom flashbacks, has_symptom bad dreams, has_symptom frightening thoughts, has_symptom avoidance or has_symptom hyperarousal of PTSD occurring within one month of a traumatic experience as Acute Stress Disorder or ASD.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29989
},
{
"id": "dso_6680",
"name": "Capgras syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A delusional disorder in which a person holds a delusion that a friend, spouse, parent, or other close family member has been replaced by an identical-looking impostor.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:40",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29990
},
{
"id": "dso_670",
"name": "amphetamine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of amphetamines despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:40",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29991
},
{
"id": "dso_6950",
"name": "combat disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An acute stress disorder that involves neurotic reactions to unusual, severe, or overwhelming military stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:41",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29992
},
{
"id": "dso_778",
"name": "delusional disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that involves an uncommon psychiatric condition in which patients present with circumscribed symptoms of non-bizarre delusions, but with the absence of prominent hallucinations and no thought disorder, mood disorder, or significant flattening effect.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:43",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29993
},
{
"id": "dso_809",
"name": "cocaine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of cocaine despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:44",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29994
},
{
"id": "dso_845",
"name": "cyclothymic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that involves recurrent hypomanic and dysthymic episodes, but no full manic episodes or full major depressive episodes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:44",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29995
},
{
"id": "dso_8519",
"name": "barbiturate abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of barbiturate drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:45",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29996
},
{
"id": "dso_8619",
"name": "recurrent hypersomnia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves recurring bouts of excessive amounts of sleepiness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:45",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29997
},
{
"id": "dso_8645",
"name": "subacute delirium",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29998
},
{
"id": "dso_8646",
"name": "substance-induced psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29999
},
{
"id": "dso_8670",
"name": "eating disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by abnormal eating habits that may involve either insufficient or excessive food intake to the detriment of an individual's physical and emotional health.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30000
},
{
"id": "dso_8689",
"name": "anorexia nervosa",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder characterized by refusal to maintain a healthy body weight, and an obsessive fear of gaining weight due to a distorted self image.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30001
},
{
"id": "dso_8927",
"name": "learning disability",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves difficulty in scholastic skills such as reading, writing, spelling, reasoning, recalling and/or organizing information resulting from the brain's inability to receive and process information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30002
},
{
"id": "dso_8986",
"name": "narcolepsy",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves an excessive urge to sleep at inappropriate times, such as while at work.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30003
},
{
"id": "dso_9091",
"name": "REM sleep behavior disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves abnormal behavior including the acting out of violent or dramatic dreams during the sleep phase with rapid eye movement.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30004
},
{
"id": "dso_92",
"name": "speech disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves difficulty with the act of speech production.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30005
},
{
"id": "dso_9207",
"name": "periodic limb movement disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves involuntary limb movement during sleep.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30006
},
{
"id": "dso_9220",
"name": "central sleep apnea",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder involving diminished capability to breath for short periods of time.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30007
},
{
"id": "dso_93",
"name": "language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves the processing of linguistic information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30008
},
{
"id": "dso_9336",
"name": "bestiality",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30009
},
{
"id": "dso_9478",
"name": "postpartum depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An endogenous depression that involves intense, sustained and sometimes disabling depression experienced by women after giving birth.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30010
},
{
"id": "dso_9505",
"name": "cannabis abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of cannabis despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30011
},
{
"id": "dso_9828",
"name": "neonatal abstinence syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A withdrawal disorder that is characterized by a group of problems that occur in a newborn who was exposed to addictive illegal or prescription drugs while in the mother's womb or postnatally following the discontinuance of drug treatment.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30012
},
{
"id": "dso_9923",
"name": "developmental coordination disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves disordered motor skills where coordinated muscle movement is impaired.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30013
},
{
"id": "dso_9973",
"name": "substance dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that involves the continued use of alcohol or other drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30014
},
{
"id": "dso_9974",
"name": "drug dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance dependence that involves the continued use of drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30015
},
{
"id": "dso_9975",
"name": "cocaine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that is a psychological dependency on the regular use of cocaine.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30016
},
{
"id": "dso_9976",
"name": "heroin dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of heroin despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30017
},
{
"id": "dso_9977",
"name": "hallucinogen dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of hallucinogenic drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30018
},
{
"id": "dso_5341d1ef4107e",
"name": "Alzheimer disease ",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function and the leading cause of dementia worldwide.",
"event_stamp": "2014-04-06T22:15:11",
"id_user": "usr_5341b8a1ef5dc",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30019
},
{
"id": "dso_52c731124ad3e",
"name": "formula creation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disorder of the brain which causes one to bungle simple Excel formulas.",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-03T21:52:18",
"id_user": "usr_52c72b3896b00",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30020
},
{
"id": "dso_52c73c015b5a4",
"name": "explorer deprecation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "the pathological fear of being beset by spam, the inability to move on to new, more secure browers.",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-03T22:38:57",
"id_user": "usr_52c72b3896b00",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30021
},
{
"id": "dso_52d06688e07f3",
"name": "philoprogeria",
"classification": null,
"definition": "made up",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-10T21:30:48",
"id_user": "usr_49a467bf4e0db",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30022
},
{
"id": "dso_55ac96d54ae2c",
"name": "Semantic Dementia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Semantic dementia (SD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of semantic memory in both the verbal and non-verbal domains. The most common presenting symptoms are in the verbal domain however (with loss of word meaning) and it is characterized as a primary progressive aphasia.",
"event_stamp": "2015-07-20T06:36:05",
"id_user": "usr_4ffbda803dbd6",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30023
},
{
"id": "dso_55e1b3573c90c",
"name": "Letter position dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Letter position dyslexia is a type of reading disorder that results from an impairment in the encoding of letter positions within the word. It can be developmental or acquired. The main characteristic of this dyslexia is letter transpositions within the word (reading from as \"form\", parties as \"pirates). ",
"event_stamp": "2015-08-29T13:27:51",
"id_user": "usr_55dcf0b42d06c",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30024
},
{
"id": "dso_55e1b3f9ace16",
"name": "surface dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "surface dyslexia is a reading impairment that can be acquired or developmental. It results from a deficit in the lexical route for word reading. As a result, the reader needs to rely on the sublexical for reading, reading by converting each letter or group of letters (grapheme) to a sound (phoneme). Surface dyslexia is characterised by slow reading (because reading via grapheme-to-phoneme conversion is slower than reading via the lexical route); it is also characterised by incorrect reading aloud of irregular words (such as talk, sure, none, and comb). ",
"event_stamp": "2015-08-29T13:30:33",
"id_user": "usr_55dcf0b42d06c",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30025
},
{
"id": "dso_5798cf99cfaa3",
"name": "ideational apraxia (conceptual apraxia)",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Patients have an inability to conceptualize a task and impaired ability to complete multi-step actions. Consists of an inability to select and carry out an appropriate motor program. For example, the patient may complete actions in incorrect orders, such as buttering bread before putting it in the toaster, or putting on shoes before putting on socks. There is also a loss of ability to voluntarily perform a learned task when given the necessary objects or tools. For instance, if given a screwdriver, the patient may try to write with it as if it were a pen, or try to comb his hair with a toothbrush.",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-27T15:13:29",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30027
},
{
"id": "dso_5798d1ed9bd8f",
"name": "constructional apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "The inability to draw or construct simple configurations, such as intersecting shapes.",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-27T15:23:25",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30028
},
{
"id": "dso_uHjC9RdkuVboM",
"name": "Rigidity",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Inflexibility, difficulty making transitions, adherence to set patterns. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trait_theory#List_of_personality_traits",
"event_stamp": null,
"id_user": null,
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": null,
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 43613
},
{
"id": "dso_XngxUO4eoQNlQ",
"name": "Tetraplegia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Paralysis, resulting in loss of function of all four limbs. May be the result of injury or disease.",
"event_stamp": null,
"id_user": null,
"is_a": null,
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"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 57802
},
{
"id": "dso_G3nNv2r93emFz",
"name": "Stroke",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Medical condition, caused bu obstruction of blood flow to the brain. Results in cell death and various neurological symptoms, including aphasia, tetraplegia and behavioral disorders.",
"event_stamp": null,
"id_user": null,
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": null,
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 57803
},
{
"id": "dso_0050432",
"name": "Asperger syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that is characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. It differs from other autism spectrum disorders by its relative preservation of linguistic and cognitive development.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29811
},
{
"id": "dso_0050587",
"name": "trichotillomania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable plucking of ones hair.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29812
},
{
"id": "dso_0050628",
"name": "advanced sleep phase syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder tah involves an altered circadian rhythm resulting in falling asleep in early evening and awaking very early in the morning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29813
},
{
"id": "dso_0050665",
"name": "fetal alcohol syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in severe mental and physical defects which can develop in a child when the mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. The presenting features include craniofacial dysmorphology (microcephaly, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, small eye openings), pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, and central nervous system dysfunction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29814
},
{
"id": "dso_0050666",
"name": "partial fetal alcohol syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in most, but not all, of the growth deficiency and/or craniofacial features of fetal alcohol syndrome including central nervous system dysfunction due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29815
},
{
"id": "dso_0050667",
"name": "alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in central nervous system dysfunction and behavioral and/or cognitive deficits due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29816
},
{
"id": "dso_0050668",
"name": "alcohol-related birth defect",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in damage to organs, bones, or muscles due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29817
},
{
"id": "dso_0050696",
"name": "fetal alcohol spectrum disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A physical disorder that involves physical, behavioral and learning birth defects resulting from maternal ingestion of alcohol during pregnancy.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29818
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{
"id": "dso_0050741",
"name": "alcohol dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29819
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{
"id": "dso_0050742",
"name": "nicotine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29820
},
{
"id": "dso_0050776",
"name": "non-specific X-linked mental retardation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29821
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{
"id": "dso_0060001",
"name": "withdrawal disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that occurs upon the abrupt discontinuation/separation or a decrease in dosage of the intake of medications, recreational drugs, and alcohol.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29822
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{
"id": "dso_0060037",
"name": "developmental disorder of mental health",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that occur during a child's developmental period between birth and age 18 resulting in retarding of the child's psycholotgical or physical development.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29823
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{
"id": "dso_0060038",
"name": "specific developmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A developmental disorder of mental health that categorizes specific learning disabilities and developmental disorders affecting coordination.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29824
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{
"id": "dso_0060040",
"name": "pervasive developmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A developmental disorder of mental health that refers to a group of five disorders characterized by impairments in socialization and communication, as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29825
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{
"id": "dso_0060041",
"name": "autism spectrum disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disorder that is a spectrum of psychological conditions. The disease has_symptom widespread abnormalities of social interactions and communication, has_symptom severely restricted interests and has_symptom highly repetitive behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29826
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{
"id": "dso_0060042",
"name": "atypical autism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that involves some autistic symptoms occuring after age 3 with an abscence of all the traits necessary for a diagnosis of autism.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29827
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{
"id": "dso_0060043",
"name": "sexual disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves the impairment in normal sexual functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29828
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{
"id": "dso_0060044",
"name": "paraphilia disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29829
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{
"id": "dso_0060045",
"name": "Munchausen by proxy",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A factitious disorder that involves a care giver's deliberate exaggeration, fabrication, and/or induce physical, psychological, behavioral, and/or mental health problems in others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29830
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{
"id": "dso_0060046",
"name": "aphasia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A language disorder that involves an acquired impairment of any language modality such as producing or comprehending spoken or written language.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29831
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{
"id": "dso_0060047",
"name": "writing disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability that involves impaired written language ability such as impairments in handwriting, spelling, organization of ideas, and composition.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29832
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{
"id": "dso_0060048",
"name": "nosophobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that involves an irrational fear of contracting a disease.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29833
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{
"id": "dso_0060130",
"name": "akinetopsia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of motion perception.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29834
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{
"id": "dso_0060131",
"name": "alexithymia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a deficiency in understanding, processing, or describing emotions.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29835
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{
"id": "dso_0060132",
"name": "amusia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize musical notes, rhythms, and intervals.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29836
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{
"id": "dso_0060133",
"name": "anosognosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to gain feedback about one's own condition or impairments.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29837
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{
"id": "dso_0060134",
"name": "apperceptive agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish visual shapes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29838
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{
"id": "dso_0060135",
"name": "apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to map out physical actions in order to repeat them in functional activities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29839
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{
"id": "dso_0060136",
"name": "associative agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize visual scenes or classes of objects but retain the abilty to describe them.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29840
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{
"id": "dso_0060137",
"name": "auditory agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguishing environmental and non-verbal auditory cues including difficulty distinguishing speech from non-speech sounds even though hearing is usually normal.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29841
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{
"id": "dso_0060138",
"name": "autotopagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to orient parts of the body.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29842
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{
"id": "dso_0060139",
"name": "color agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize a color, while being able to perceive or distinguish it.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29843
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{
"id": "dso_0060140",
"name": "cortical deafness",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive any auditory information but whose hearing is intact.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29844
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{
"id": "dso_0060141",
"name": "finger agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish the fingers on the hand.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29845
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{
"id": "dso_0060142",
"name": "form agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive a whole object while perceiving only parts of details.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29846
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{
"id": "dso_0060143",
"name": "integrative agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to integrate these elements together into comprehensible perceptual wholes while recognizing elements of the whole.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29847
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{
"id": "dso_0060144",
"name": "mirror agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to acknowledge objects in the neglected field that are visible when a mirror reflects the object visible in the non-neglected field.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29848
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{
"id": "dso_0060145",
"name": "pain agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive and process pain.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29849
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{
"id": "dso_0060146",
"name": "phonagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize familiar voices.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29850
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{
"id": "dso_0060147",
"name": "semantic agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognise an object while maintaining the use of non-visual sensory systems such as feeling, tapping, smelling, rocking or flicking the object to recognise the object.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29851
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{
"id": "dso_0060148",
"name": "simultanagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recgonize a whole image or scene while retianing the ability to recognize objects or details in their visual field one at a time.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29852
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{
"id": "dso_0060149",
"name": "social emotional agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive facial expression, body language and intonation, rendering them unable to non-verbally perceive people's emotions and limiting that aspect of social interaction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29853
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{
"id": "dso_0060150",
"name": "astereognosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is the loss of the ability to recognize objects by touch based on its texture, size and weight.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29854
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{
"id": "dso_0060151",
"name": "tactile agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize or identify objects by touch alone.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29855
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{
"id": "dso_0060152",
"name": "time agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehend the succession and duration of events.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29856
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{
"id": "dso_0060153",
"name": "topographical agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to rely on visual cues to guide them directionally due to the inability to recognise objects.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29857
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{
"id": "dso_0060154",
"name": "verbal auditory agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognising spoken words as semantically meaningful.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29858
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{
"id": "dso_0060155",
"name": "visual agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognize objects.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29859
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{
"id": "dso_0060156",
"name": "visual verbal agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehending the meaning of written words.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29860
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{
"id": "dso_0060163",
"name": "body dysmorphic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves an excessive concern about and preoccupation with a perceived defect in his or her physical features (body image).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29861
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{
"id": "dso_0060164",
"name": "pain disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves chronic pain in one or more areas, and is thought to be caused by psychological stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29862
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{
"id": "dso_0060165",
"name": "Kleine-Levin syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A recurrent hypersomnia that is characterized by recurring periods of excessive amounts of sleep and altered behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29863
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{
"id": "dso_0060166",
"name": "bipolar ll disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode; with this disorder, depressive episodes are more frequent and more intense than manic episodes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29864
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{
"id": "dso_0060167",
"name": "seasonal affective disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mental depression that involves presentation of depressive symptoms only during a specific season of the year.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29865
},
{
"id": "dso_0060179",
"name": "Renpenning syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An intellectual disability that is characterized by small head size (microcephaly), long narrow face, short stature, small testes, and intellectual deficit which follows X-linked inheritance and presents most often in males.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29866
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{
"id": "dso_10132",
"name": "psychosexual disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29867
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{
"id": "dso_10236",
"name": "exhibitionism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:10",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29868
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{
"id": "dso_1059",
"name": "intellectual disability",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves significant limitations both in mental functioning and in adaptive behavior such as communicating, taking care of him or herself, and social skills.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29869
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{
"id": "dso_10646",
"name": "schizotypal personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a need for social isolation, anxiety in social situations, odd behavior and thinking, and often unconventional beliefs.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29870
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{
"id": "dso_10685",
"name": "separation anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves the feeling of excessive and inappropriate levels of anxiety over being separated from a person to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment or place.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29871
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{
"id": "dso_10817",
"name": "sexual sadism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29872
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{
"id": "dso_10834",
"name": "voyeurism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29873
},
{
"id": "dso_10849",
"name": "sexual masochism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29874
},
{
"id": "dso_10914",
"name": "amnestic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder where the memory is disturbed or lost and involves the loss of memories previously established, loss of the ability to create new memories, or loss of the ability to learn new information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29875
},
{
"id": "dso_10919",
"name": "transsexualism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A gender identity disorder that is characterized by an individual's identification with a gender inconsistent or not culturally associated with their biological sex.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29876
},
{
"id": "dso_10930",
"name": "borderline personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a prolonged disturbance of personality function characterized by depth and variability of moods.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29877
},
{
"id": "dso_10931",
"name": "dependent personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive psychological dependence on other people.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29878
},
{
"id": "dso_10932",
"name": "obsessive-compulsive personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29879
},
{
"id": "dso_10933",
"name": "obsessive-compulsive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves unwanted and repeated thoughts, feelings, ideas, sensations (obsessions), or behaviors that make them feel driven to do something (compulsions).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29880
},
{
"id": "dso_10934",
"name": "multiple personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder that involves the simultaneous display of multiple distinct identities or personalities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29881
},
{
"id": "dso_10935",
"name": "dissociative disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health in which the normally well-integrated functions of memory, identity, perception, or consciousness are separated (dissociated).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29882
},
{
"id": "dso_10936",
"name": "schizoid personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, a tendency towards a solitary lifestyle, secretiveness, emotional coldness and sometimes sexual apathy, with a simultaneous rich, elaborate and exclusively internal fantasy world.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29883
},
{
"id": "dso_10937",
"name": "impulse control disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves a failure to resist an impulsive act or behaviour that may be harmful to self or others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29884
},
{
"id": "dso_10938",
"name": "paranoid personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by paranoia and a pervasive, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29885
},
{
"id": "dso_10939",
"name": "antisocial personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29886
},
{
"id": "dso_1094",
"name": "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by co-existence of attentional problems and hyperactivity, with each behavior occurring infrequently alone\\\" and symptoms starting before seven years of age.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29887
},
{
"id": "dso_11037",
"name": "dissociative amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder where he continuity of the patient's memory is disrupted. Patients with dissociative amnesia have recurrent episodes in which they forget important personal information or events, usually connected with trauma or severe stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29888
},
{
"id": "dso_11038",
"name": "depersonalization disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder in which the sufferer is affected by persistent or recurrent feelings of depersonalization and/or derealization.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29889
},
{
"id": "dso_11120",
"name": "psychologic dyspareunia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29890
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{
"id": "dso_11206",
"name": "opioid abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of opioid drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29891
},
{
"id": "dso_11257",
"name": "social phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder that involves social anxiety occurring only in specific public or social situations, interactions with others or being evaluated or scrutinized by other people.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29892
},
{
"id": "dso_11328",
"name": "schizophreniform disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that involves schizophrenia symptoms over time period of one month.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29893
},
{
"id": "dso_11385",
"name": "expressive language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A language disorder that involves difficulties with verbal and written expression characterized by an ability to use expressive spoken language that is markedly below the appropriate level for the mental age, but with a language comprehension that is within normal limits.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29894
},
{
"id": "dso_11507",
"name": "rumination disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder that is characterized by effortless regurgitation of most meals following consumption.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29895
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{
"id": "dso_11569",
"name": "neurocirculatory asthenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves heart disease symptoms without any identifiable physiological abnormatlities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29896
},
{
"id": "dso_11718",
"name": "antidepressant type abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of antidepressant drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29897
},
{
"id": "dso_1203",
"name": "drug-induced mental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29898
},
{
"id": "dso_1206",
"name": "Rett syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disease that is a neurological and developmental disorder that mostly occurs in females and is caused_by a mutation on the MECP2 gene on the X chromosome. Infants with Rett syndrome seem to grow and develop normally at first, but then stop developing and even lose skills and abilities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29899
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{
"id": "dso_12128",
"name": "pica disease",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder that is characterized by an appetite for non-nutritive substances or food ingredients.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29900
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{
"id": "dso_12129",
"name": "bulimia nervosa",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder characterized by the restraining of food intake for a period of time followed by an over intake or binging period that results in feelings of guilt and low self-esteem.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29901
},
{
"id": "dso_12139",
"name": "dysthymic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that involves the presence of a low mood almost daily over a span of at least two years.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29902
},
{
"id": "dso_1229",
"name": "paranoid schizophrenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A schizophrenia that involves delusions or auditory hallucinations of persecution or being plotted against without thought disorder, disorganized behavior, or affective flattening.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29903
},
{
"id": "dso_12294",
"name": "atypical depressive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that is characterized by mood reactivity (paradoxical anhedonia) and positivity, significant weight gain or increased appetite (\\\"comfort eating\\\"), excessive sleep or somnolence (hypersomnia), a sensation of heaviness in limbs known as leaden paralysis, and significant social impairment as a consequence of hypersensitivity to perceived interpersonal rejection.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29904
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{
"id": "dso_1233",
"name": "transvestism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29905
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{
"id": "dso_1234",
"name": "gender identity disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves a conflict between a person's actual physical gender and the gender that person identifies himself or herself as.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29906
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{
"id": "dso_1235",
"name": "fetishism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29907
},
{
"id": "dso_12399",
"name": "pathological gambling",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable impulse to gamble, irrespective of the interference the behaviour has on the individual's life.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29908
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{
"id": "dso_12400",
"name": "kleptomania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the repeated impulse to steal for no great gain, when he or she has sufficient money to pay for the item and no need for what is stolen.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29909
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{
"id": "dso_12401",
"name": "intermittent explosive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the episodic inability to control violent impulses with a disproportionate degree of aggressiveness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29910
},
{
"id": "dso_12402",
"name": "pyromania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable impulse to repeatedly set fires with no obvious motive.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29911
},
{
"id": "dso_12568",
"name": "dyscalculia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability involving a math disability can cause such difficulties as learning math concepts (such as quantity, place value, and time), difficulty memorizing math facts, difficulty organizing numbers, and understanding how problems are organized on the page.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29912
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{
"id": "dso_12685",
"name": "mixed receptive-expressive language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves both the receptive and expressive areas of communication may be affected in any degree, from mild to severe.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29913
},
{
"id": "dso_12797",
"name": "hallucinogen abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of hallucinogenic drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29914
},
{
"id": "dso_12849",
"name": "autistic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that is characterized by symptoms across all three symptom domains (communication, social, restricted repetitive interests and behaviors), delayed language development, and symptom onset prior to age 3 years.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29915
},
{
"id": "dso_12883",
"name": "hypochondriasis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves an excessive preoccupation or worry about having a serious illness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29916
},
{
"id": "dso_12995",
"name": "conduct disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder marked by a pattern of repetitive behavior wherein the rights of others or social norms are violated.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29917
},
{
"id": "dso_1307",
"name": "dementia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder resulting from a loss of brain function affecting memory, thinking, language, judgement and behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29918
},
{
"id": "dso_13351",
"name": "pedophilia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29919
},
{
"id": "dso_13352",
"name": "ego-dystonic sexual orientation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A gender identity disorder that is characterized by having a sexual orientation or an attraction that is at odds with one's idealized self-image, causing anxiety and a desire to change one's orientation or become more comfortable with one's sexual orientation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29920
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{
"id": "dso_13365",
"name": "reading disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability involing difficulty reading resulting primarily from neurological factors which affect any part of the reading process.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29921
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{
"id": "dso_13417",
"name": "alexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize text.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29922
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{
"id": "dso_13487",
"name": "childhood disintegrative disease",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disease that is a rare condition characterized by late onset (>3 years of age) of developmental delays in language, social function, and motor skills where children who have had previously normal development who then appear to regress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29923
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{
"id": "dso_13709",
"name": "premature ejaculation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29924
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{
"id": "dso_13868",
"name": "hypoactive sexual desire disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29925
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{
"id": "dso_13918",
"name": "somatization disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves persistently complaints of varied physical symptoms that have no identifiable physical origin.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29926
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{
"id": "dso_14042",
"name": "bipolar I disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one manic or mixed episode.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:20",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29927
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{
"id": "dso_14320",
"name": "generalized anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that is characterized by long-lasting anxiety that is not focused on any one object or situation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:20",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29928
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{
"id": "dso_1470",
"name": "major depressive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An endogenous depression that is characterized by an all-encompassing low mood accompanied by low self-esteem, and by loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29929
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{
"id": "dso_1509",
"name": "avoidant personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation, and avoidance of social interaction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29930
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{
"id": "dso_1510",
"name": "personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involve long-term patterns of thoughts and behaviors that cause serious problems with relationships and work.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29931
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{
"id": "dso_1561",
"name": "cognitive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that affects cognitive functions including memory processing, perception and problem solving.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29932
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{
"id": "dso_1574",
"name": "alcohol abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of alcoholic beverages despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29933
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{
"id": "dso_1595",
"name": "endogenous depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mental depression that is characterized by a dysregulation of the endogenous opioid system and not of the monaminergic system.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29934
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{
"id": "dso_1596",
"name": "mental depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29935
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{
"id": "dso_1742",
"name": "drug psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29936
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{
"id": "dso_1766",
"name": "factitious disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health where symptoms are deliberately produced, feigned or exaggerated in order to falsely demonstrate the presence of an illness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29937
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{
"id": "dso_1768",
"name": "conversion disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves numbness, blindness, paralysis or fits without a neurological cause.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29938
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{
"id": "dso_1849",
"name": "cannabis dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of cannabis despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29939
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{
"id": "dso_1875",
"name": "impotence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29940
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{
"id": "dso_1876",
"name": "sexual dysfunction",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29941
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{
"id": "dso_2030",
"name": "anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29942
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{
"id": "dso_2033",
"name": "communication disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves specific developmental disorders of speech and language.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29943
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{
"id": "dso_2055",
"name": "post-traumatic stress disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder which results from a traumatic experience that results in psychological trauma.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29944
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{
"id": "dso_2303",
"name": "stereotypic movement disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by repeated, rhythmic, purposeless movements or activities such as head banging, nail biting, or body rocking.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29945
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{
"id": "dso_2468",
"name": "psychotic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves abnormal thinking and perceptions resulting in a disconnection with reality.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29946
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{
"id": "dso_251",
"name": "alcohol-induced mental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29947
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{
"id": "dso_2510",
"name": "Kluver-Bucy syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves abnormalities in memory, social and sexual functioning and idiosyncratic behaviors resulting from damage from trauma or infection to both temporal lobes causing individuals to put objects in their mouths and engage in inappropriate sexual behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29948
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{
"id": "dso_252",
"name": "alcoholic psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29949
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{
"id": "dso_2559",
"name": "opiate dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of opiate drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29950
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{
"id": "dso_2560",
"name": "morphine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of morphine despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29951
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{
"id": "dso_2575",
"name": "barbiturate dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of barbiturates despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29952
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{
"id": "dso_2745",
"name": "narcissistic personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves an excessive preoccupation with issues of personal adequacy, power, prestige and vanity.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29953
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{
"id": "dso_2846",
"name": "bruxism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves involuntarily grinding or clenching of the teeth while sleeping.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29954
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{
"id": "dso_2848",
"name": "melancholia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29955
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{
"id": "dso_302",
"name": "substance abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that involves a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to significant impairment in functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:26",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29956
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{
"id": "dso_303",
"name": "substance-related disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health involving the abuse or dependence on a substance that is ingested in order to produce a high, alter one's senses, or otherwise affect functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:26",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29957
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{
"id": "dso_3312",
"name": "bipolar disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that involves alternating periods of mania and depression.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29958
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{
"id": "dso_3324",
"name": "mood disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29959
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{
"id": "dso_334",
"name": "histrionic personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking, including an excessive need for approval and inappropriately seductive behavior, usually beginning in early adulthood.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29960
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{
"id": "dso_4090",
"name": "agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that is a loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective nor is there any significant memory loss.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29961
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{
"id": "dso_4186",
"name": "articulation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves mispronouncing speech sounds by omitting, distorting, substituting, or adding sounds which can make speech difficult to understand.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29962
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{
"id": "dso_4188",
"name": "echolalia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves the automatic repetition of vocalizations made by another person.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29963
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{
"id": "dso_4189",
"name": "mutism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves a complete inability to speak.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29964
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{
"id": "dso_4260",
"name": "gait apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29965
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{
"id": "dso_4428",
"name": "dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A reading disorder resulting from a developmental reading disability involving the inability to process graphic symbols resulting in impairment of reading ability.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29966
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{
"id": "dso_4540",
"name": "dysgraphia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A writing disorder that involves a deficiency in the ability to write where the writing is distorted or incorrect, spelling difficulty, poor handwriting or trouble putting thoughts on paper.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29967
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{
"id": "dso_4541",
"name": "nominal aphasia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that involves a severe problem with recalling words or names.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29968
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{
"id": "dso_4543",
"name": "retrograde amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An amnestic disorder that involves a loss of one's pre-existing memories to conscious recollection.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29969
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{
"id": "dso_4627",
"name": "ideomotor apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29970
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{
"id": "dso_4737",
"name": "somatoform disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves physical symptoms suggesting a physical illness where the biological or medical cause of the symptoms is indeterminate.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29971
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{
"id": "dso_4762",
"name": "vasculogenic impotence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29972
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{
"id": "dso_4964",
"name": "neurotic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves discress but neither delusions nor hallucinations.",
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{
"id": "dso_4970",
"name": "prosopagnosia",
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"definition": "An agnosia that results in the loss of the ability to consciously recognize familiar faces.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 29974
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{
"id": "dso_5062",
"name": "phencyclidine abuse",
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"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of phencyclidine (PCP) drugs despite negative consequences.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 29975
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{
"id": "dso_507",
"name": "adjustment disorder",
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"definition": "A disease of mental health that is an abnormal and excessive emotional and behavioral reaction to a life stress that develops within 3 months of a life stress, and which is stronger or greater than what would be expected for the type of event that occurred.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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{
"id": "dso_5340",
"name": "anterograde amnesia",
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"definition": "An amnestic disorder that involves the impaired or lost ability to memorize new things.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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{
"id": "dso_535",
"name": "sleep disorder",
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"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves disruption of sleep patterns.",
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"ID(c)": 29978
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{
"id": "dso_5418",
"name": "schizoaffective disorder",
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"definition": "A psychotic disorder that is characterized by recurring episodes of mood fluctuations and a loss of contact with reality.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 29979
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{
"id": "dso_5419",
"name": "schizophrenia",
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"definition": "A psychotic disorder that is characterized by a disintegration of thought processes and of emotional responsiveness.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 29980
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{
"id": "dso_591",
"name": "phobic disorder",
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"definition": "An anxiety disorder where fear and anxiety are triggered by a specific stimulus or situation.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 29981
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{
"id": "dso_593",
"name": "agoraphobia",
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"definition": "A phobic disorder involving the specific anxiety about being in a place or situation where escape is difficult or embarrassing or where help may be unavailable.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 29982
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{
"id": "dso_594",
"name": "panic disorder",
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"definition": "An anxiety disorder that is characterized by unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms that may include chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, or abdominal distress.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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{
"id": "dso_599",
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"definition": "A phobic disorder that is characterized by an unreasonable or irrational fear related to exposure to specific objects or situations.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 29984
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{
"id": "dso_600",
"name": "animal phobia",
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"definition": "A specific phobia that involves a fear caused by the presence or thought of a specific animal that poses little or no danger at all.",
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{
"id": "dso_602",
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"definition": "",
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{
"id": "dso_603",
"name": "AIDS phobia",
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"definition": "",
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{
"id": "dso_605",
"name": "flying phobia",
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"definition": "A specific phobia that is characterized by a fear of flying.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 29988
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{
"id": "dso_6088",
"name": "acute stress disorder",
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"definition": "An anxiety disorder that has_symptom flashbacks, has_symptom bad dreams, has_symptom frightening thoughts, has_symptom avoidance or has_symptom hyperarousal of PTSD occurring within one month of a traumatic experience as Acute Stress Disorder or ASD.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 29989
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{
"id": "dso_6680",
"name": "Capgras syndrome",
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"definition": "A delusional disorder in which a person holds a delusion that a friend, spouse, parent, or other close family member has been replaced by an identical-looking impostor.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 29990
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{
"id": "dso_670",
"name": "amphetamine abuse",
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"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of amphetamines despite negative consequences.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
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"ID(c)": 29991
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{
"id": "dso_6950",
"name": "combat disorder",
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"definition": "An acute stress disorder that involves neurotic reactions to unusual, severe, or overwhelming military stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:41",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29992
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{
"id": "dso_778",
"name": "delusional disorder",
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"definition": "A psychotic disorder that involves an uncommon psychiatric condition in which patients present with circumscribed symptoms of non-bizarre delusions, but with the absence of prominent hallucinations and no thought disorder, mood disorder, or significant flattening effect.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
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"ID(c)": 29993
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{
"id": "dso_809",
"name": "cocaine abuse",
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"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of cocaine despite negative consequences.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
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"ID(c)": 29994
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{
"id": "dso_845",
"name": "cyclothymic disorder",
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"definition": "A bipolar disorder that involves recurrent hypomanic and dysthymic episodes, but no full manic episodes or full major depressive episodes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:44",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
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"ID(c)": 29995
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{
"id": "dso_8519",
"name": "barbiturate abuse",
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"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of barbiturate drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:45",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
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"ID(c)": 29996
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{
"id": "dso_8619",
"name": "recurrent hypersomnia",
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"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves recurring bouts of excessive amounts of sleepiness.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
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"ID(c)": 29997
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{
"id": "dso_8645",
"name": "subacute delirium",
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"definition": "",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 29998
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{
"id": "dso_8646",
"name": "substance-induced psychosis",
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"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 29999
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{
"id": "dso_8670",
"name": "eating disorder",
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"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by abnormal eating habits that may involve either insufficient or excessive food intake to the detriment of an individual's physical and emotional health.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 30000
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{
"id": "dso_8689",
"name": "anorexia nervosa",
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"definition": "An eating disorder characterized by refusal to maintain a healthy body weight, and an obsessive fear of gaining weight due to a distorted self image.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 30001
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{
"id": "dso_8927",
"name": "learning disability",
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"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves difficulty in scholastic skills such as reading, writing, spelling, reasoning, recalling and/or organizing information resulting from the brain's inability to receive and process information.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 30002
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{
"id": "dso_8986",
"name": "narcolepsy",
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"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves an excessive urge to sleep at inappropriate times, such as while at work.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 30003
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{
"id": "dso_9091",
"name": "REM sleep behavior disorder",
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"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves abnormal behavior including the acting out of violent or dramatic dreams during the sleep phase with rapid eye movement.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 30004
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{
"id": "dso_92",
"name": "speech disorder",
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"definition": "A communication disorder that involves difficulty with the act of speech production.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 30005
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{
"id": "dso_9207",
"name": "periodic limb movement disorder",
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"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves involuntary limb movement during sleep.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 30006
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{
"id": "dso_9220",
"name": "central sleep apnea",
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"definition": "A sleep disorder involving diminished capability to breath for short periods of time.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
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"ID(c)": 30007
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{
"id": "dso_93",
"name": "language disorder",
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"definition": "A communication disorder that involves the processing of linguistic information.",
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"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 30008
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{
"id": "dso_9336",
"name": "bestiality",
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"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
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"ID(c)": 30009
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{
"id": "dso_9478",
"name": "postpartum depression",
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"definition": "An endogenous depression that involves intense, sustained and sometimes disabling depression experienced by women after giving birth.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
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"ID(c)": 30010
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{
"id": "dso_9505",
"name": "cannabis abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of cannabis despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30011
},
{
"id": "dso_9828",
"name": "neonatal abstinence syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A withdrawal disorder that is characterized by a group of problems that occur in a newborn who was exposed to addictive illegal or prescription drugs while in the mother's womb or postnatally following the discontinuance of drug treatment.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 30012
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{
"id": "dso_9923",
"name": "developmental coordination disorder",
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"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves disordered motor skills where coordinated muscle movement is impaired.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
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"ID(c)": 30013
},
{
"id": "dso_9973",
"name": "substance dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that involves the continued use of alcohol or other drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
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"ID(c)": 30014
},
{
"id": "dso_9974",
"name": "drug dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance dependence that involves the continued use of drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30015
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{
"id": "dso_9975",
"name": "cocaine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that is a psychological dependency on the regular use of cocaine.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
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"ID(c)": 30016
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{
"id": "dso_9976",
"name": "heroin dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of heroin despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30017
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{
"id": "dso_9977",
"name": "hallucinogen dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of hallucinogenic drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30018
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{
"id": "dso_5341d1ef4107e",
"name": "Alzheimer disease ",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function and the leading cause of dementia worldwide.",
"event_stamp": "2014-04-06T22:15:11",
"id_user": "usr_5341b8a1ef5dc",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
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"ID(c)": 30019
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{
"id": "dso_52c731124ad3e",
"name": "formula creation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disorder of the brain which causes one to bungle simple Excel formulas.",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-03T21:52:18",
"id_user": "usr_52c72b3896b00",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 30020
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{
"id": "dso_52c73c015b5a4",
"name": "explorer deprecation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "the pathological fear of being beset by spam, the inability to move on to new, more secure browers.",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-03T22:38:57",
"id_user": "usr_52c72b3896b00",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
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"ID(c)": 30021
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{
"id": "dso_52d06688e07f3",
"name": "philoprogeria",
"classification": null,
"definition": "made up",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-10T21:30:48",
"id_user": "usr_49a467bf4e0db",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 30022
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{
"id": "dso_55ac96d54ae2c",
"name": "Semantic Dementia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Semantic dementia (SD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of semantic memory in both the verbal and non-verbal domains. The most common presenting symptoms are in the verbal domain however (with loss of word meaning) and it is characterized as a primary progressive aphasia.",
"event_stamp": "2015-07-20T06:36:05",
"id_user": "usr_4ffbda803dbd6",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
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"ID(c)": 30023
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{
"id": "dso_55e1b3573c90c",
"name": "Letter position dyslexia",
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"definition": "Letter position dyslexia is a type of reading disorder that results from an impairment in the encoding of letter positions within the word. It can be developmental or acquired. The main characteristic of this dyslexia is letter transpositions within the word (reading from as \"form\", parties as \"pirates). ",
"event_stamp": "2015-08-29T13:27:51",
"id_user": "usr_55dcf0b42d06c",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30024
},
{
"id": "dso_55e1b3f9ace16",
"name": "surface dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "surface dyslexia is a reading impairment that can be acquired or developmental. It results from a deficit in the lexical route for word reading. As a result, the reader needs to rely on the sublexical for reading, reading by converting each letter or group of letters (grapheme) to a sound (phoneme). Surface dyslexia is characterised by slow reading (because reading via grapheme-to-phoneme conversion is slower than reading via the lexical route); it is also characterised by incorrect reading aloud of irregular words (such as talk, sure, none, and comb). ",
"event_stamp": "2015-08-29T13:30:33",
"id_user": "usr_55dcf0b42d06c",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30025
},
{
"id": "dso_579651a7e2604",
"name": "Mild Cognitive Impairment",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate clinical state between normal cognitive aging and dementia, and it precedes and leads to dementia in many cases. The concept of MCI is new, evolving, and somewhat controversial, but there is rough consensus as to its clinical definition and prognosis.\r\nCriteria include the presence of subjective complaints of gradual memory loss over at least 6 months reported by the patient or family members, with objective evidence of memory loss demonstrated on clinical memory tests. There has to be general preservation of other cognitive domains (Nasreddine et al. 2005).",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-25T17:51:35",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30026
},
{
"id": "dso_5798cf99cfaa3",
"name": "ideational apraxia (conceptual apraxia)",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Patients have an inability to conceptualize a task and impaired ability to complete multi-step actions. Consists of an inability to select and carry out an appropriate motor program. For example, the patient may complete actions in incorrect orders, such as buttering bread before putting it in the toaster, or putting on shoes before putting on socks. There is also a loss of ability to voluntarily perform a learned task when given the necessary objects or tools. For instance, if given a screwdriver, the patient may try to write with it as if it were a pen, or try to comb his hair with a toothbrush.",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-27T15:13:29",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30027
},
{
"id": "dso_5798d1ed9bd8f",
"name": "constructional apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "The inability to draw or construct simple configurations, such as intersecting shapes.",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-27T15:23:25",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30028
},
{
"id": "dso_0050432",
"name": "Asperger syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that is characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. It differs from other autism spectrum disorders by its relative preservation of linguistic and cognitive development.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29811
},
{
"id": "dso_0050587",
"name": "trichotillomania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable plucking of ones hair.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29812
},
{
"id": "dso_0050628",
"name": "advanced sleep phase syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder tah involves an altered circadian rhythm resulting in falling asleep in early evening and awaking very early in the morning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29813
},
{
"id": "dso_0050665",
"name": "fetal alcohol syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in severe mental and physical defects which can develop in a child when the mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. The presenting features include craniofacial dysmorphology (microcephaly, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, small eye openings), pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, and central nervous system dysfunction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29814
},
{
"id": "dso_0050666",
"name": "partial fetal alcohol syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in most, but not all, of the growth deficiency and/or craniofacial features of fetal alcohol syndrome including central nervous system dysfunction due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29815
},
{
"id": "dso_0050667",
"name": "alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in central nervous system dysfunction and behavioral and/or cognitive deficits due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29816
},
{
"id": "dso_0050668",
"name": "alcohol-related birth defect",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in damage to organs, bones, or muscles due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29817
},
{
"id": "dso_0050696",
"name": "fetal alcohol spectrum disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A physical disorder that involves physical, behavioral and learning birth defects resulting from maternal ingestion of alcohol during pregnancy.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29818
},
{
"id": "dso_0050741",
"name": "alcohol dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29819
},
{
"id": "dso_0050742",
"name": "nicotine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29820
},
{
"id": "dso_0050776",
"name": "non-specific X-linked mental retardation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29821
},
{
"id": "dso_0060001",
"name": "withdrawal disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that occurs upon the abrupt discontinuation/separation or a decrease in dosage of the intake of medications, recreational drugs, and alcohol.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29822
},
{
"id": "dso_0060037",
"name": "developmental disorder of mental health",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that occur during a child's developmental period between birth and age 18 resulting in retarding of the child's psycholotgical or physical development.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29823
},
{
"id": "dso_0060038",
"name": "specific developmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A developmental disorder of mental health that categorizes specific learning disabilities and developmental disorders affecting coordination.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29824
},
{
"id": "dso_0060040",
"name": "pervasive developmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A developmental disorder of mental health that refers to a group of five disorders characterized by impairments in socialization and communication, as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29825
},
{
"id": "dso_0060041",
"name": "autism spectrum disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disorder that is a spectrum of psychological conditions. The disease has_symptom widespread abnormalities of social interactions and communication, has_symptom severely restricted interests and has_symptom highly repetitive behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29826
},
{
"id": "dso_0060042",
"name": "atypical autism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that involves some autistic symptoms occuring after age 3 with an abscence of all the traits necessary for a diagnosis of autism.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29827
},
{
"id": "dso_0060043",
"name": "sexual disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves the impairment in normal sexual functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29828
},
{
"id": "dso_0060044",
"name": "paraphilia disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29829
},
{
"id": "dso_0060045",
"name": "Munchausen by proxy",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A factitious disorder that involves a care giver's deliberate exaggeration, fabrication, and/or induce physical, psychological, behavioral, and/or mental health problems in others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29830
},
{
"id": "dso_0060046",
"name": "aphasia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A language disorder that involves an acquired impairment of any language modality such as producing or comprehending spoken or written language.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29831
},
{
"id": "dso_0060047",
"name": "writing disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability that involves impaired written language ability such as impairments in handwriting, spelling, organization of ideas, and composition.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29832
},
{
"id": "dso_0060048",
"name": "nosophobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that involves an irrational fear of contracting a disease.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29833
},
{
"id": "dso_0060130",
"name": "akinetopsia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of motion perception.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29834
},
{
"id": "dso_0060131",
"name": "alexithymia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a deficiency in understanding, processing, or describing emotions.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29835
},
{
"id": "dso_0060132",
"name": "amusia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize musical notes, rhythms, and intervals.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29836
},
{
"id": "dso_0060133",
"name": "anosognosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to gain feedback about one's own condition or impairments.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29837
},
{
"id": "dso_0060134",
"name": "apperceptive agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish visual shapes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29838
},
{
"id": "dso_0060135",
"name": "apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to map out physical actions in order to repeat them in functional activities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29839
},
{
"id": "dso_0060136",
"name": "associative agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize visual scenes or classes of objects but retain the abilty to describe them.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29840
},
{
"id": "dso_0060137",
"name": "auditory agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguishing environmental and non-verbal auditory cues including difficulty distinguishing speech from non-speech sounds even though hearing is usually normal.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29841
},
{
"id": "dso_0060138",
"name": "autotopagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to orient parts of the body.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29842
},
{
"id": "dso_0060139",
"name": "color agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize a color, while being able to perceive or distinguish it.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29843
},
{
"id": "dso_0060140",
"name": "cortical deafness",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive any auditory information but whose hearing is intact.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29844
},
{
"id": "dso_0060141",
"name": "finger agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish the fingers on the hand.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29845
},
{
"id": "dso_0060142",
"name": "form agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive a whole object while perceiving only parts of details.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29846
},
{
"id": "dso_0060143",
"name": "integrative agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to integrate these elements together into comprehensible perceptual wholes while recognizing elements of the whole.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29847
},
{
"id": "dso_0060144",
"name": "mirror agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to acknowledge objects in the neglected field that are visible when a mirror reflects the object visible in the non-neglected field.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29848
},
{
"id": "dso_0060145",
"name": "pain agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive and process pain.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29849
},
{
"id": "dso_0060146",
"name": "phonagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize familiar voices.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29850
},
{
"id": "dso_0060147",
"name": "semantic agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognise an object while maintaining the use of non-visual sensory systems such as feeling, tapping, smelling, rocking or flicking the object to recognise the object.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29851
},
{
"id": "dso_0060148",
"name": "simultanagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recgonize a whole image or scene while retianing the ability to recognize objects or details in their visual field one at a time.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29852
},
{
"id": "dso_0060149",
"name": "social emotional agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive facial expression, body language and intonation, rendering them unable to non-verbally perceive people's emotions and limiting that aspect of social interaction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29853
},
{
"id": "dso_0060150",
"name": "astereognosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is the loss of the ability to recognize objects by touch based on its texture, size and weight.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29854
},
{
"id": "dso_0060151",
"name": "tactile agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize or identify objects by touch alone.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29855
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{
"id": "dso_0060152",
"name": "time agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehend the succession and duration of events.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29856
},
{
"id": "dso_0060153",
"name": "topographical agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to rely on visual cues to guide them directionally due to the inability to recognise objects.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29857
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{
"id": "dso_0060154",
"name": "verbal auditory agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognising spoken words as semantically meaningful.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29858
},
{
"id": "dso_0060155",
"name": "visual agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognize objects.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29859
},
{
"id": "dso_0060156",
"name": "visual verbal agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehending the meaning of written words.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29860
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{
"id": "dso_0060163",
"name": "body dysmorphic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves an excessive concern about and preoccupation with a perceived defect in his or her physical features (body image).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29861
},
{
"id": "dso_0060164",
"name": "pain disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves chronic pain in one or more areas, and is thought to be caused by psychological stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29862
},
{
"id": "dso_0060165",
"name": "Kleine-Levin syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A recurrent hypersomnia that is characterized by recurring periods of excessive amounts of sleep and altered behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29863
},
{
"id": "dso_0060166",
"name": "bipolar ll disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode; with this disorder, depressive episodes are more frequent and more intense than manic episodes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29864
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{
"id": "dso_0060167",
"name": "seasonal affective disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mental depression that involves presentation of depressive symptoms only during a specific season of the year.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29865
},
{
"id": "dso_0060179",
"name": "Renpenning syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An intellectual disability that is characterized by small head size (microcephaly), long narrow face, short stature, small testes, and intellectual deficit which follows X-linked inheritance and presents most often in males.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29866
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{
"id": "dso_10132",
"name": "psychosexual disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29867
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{
"id": "dso_10236",
"name": "exhibitionism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:10",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29868
},
{
"id": "dso_1059",
"name": "intellectual disability",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves significant limitations both in mental functioning and in adaptive behavior such as communicating, taking care of him or herself, and social skills.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29869
},
{
"id": "dso_10646",
"name": "schizotypal personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a need for social isolation, anxiety in social situations, odd behavior and thinking, and often unconventional beliefs.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29870
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{
"id": "dso_10685",
"name": "separation anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves the feeling of excessive and inappropriate levels of anxiety over being separated from a person to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment or place.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29871
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{
"id": "dso_10817",
"name": "sexual sadism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29872
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{
"id": "dso_10834",
"name": "voyeurism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29873
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{
"id": "dso_10849",
"name": "sexual masochism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29874
},
{
"id": "dso_10914",
"name": "amnestic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder where the memory is disturbed or lost and involves the loss of memories previously established, loss of the ability to create new memories, or loss of the ability to learn new information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29875
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{
"id": "dso_10919",
"name": "transsexualism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A gender identity disorder that is characterized by an individual's identification with a gender inconsistent or not culturally associated with their biological sex.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29876
},
{
"id": "dso_10930",
"name": "borderline personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a prolonged disturbance of personality function characterized by depth and variability of moods.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29877
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{
"id": "dso_10931",
"name": "dependent personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive psychological dependence on other people.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29878
},
{
"id": "dso_10932",
"name": "obsessive-compulsive personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29879
},
{
"id": "dso_10933",
"name": "obsessive-compulsive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves unwanted and repeated thoughts, feelings, ideas, sensations (obsessions), or behaviors that make them feel driven to do something (compulsions).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29880
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{
"id": "dso_10934",
"name": "multiple personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder that involves the simultaneous display of multiple distinct identities or personalities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29881
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{
"id": "dso_10935",
"name": "dissociative disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health in which the normally well-integrated functions of memory, identity, perception, or consciousness are separated (dissociated).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29882
},
{
"id": "dso_10936",
"name": "schizoid personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, a tendency towards a solitary lifestyle, secretiveness, emotional coldness and sometimes sexual apathy, with a simultaneous rich, elaborate and exclusively internal fantasy world.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29883
},
{
"id": "dso_10937",
"name": "impulse control disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves a failure to resist an impulsive act or behaviour that may be harmful to self or others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29884
},
{
"id": "dso_10938",
"name": "paranoid personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by paranoia and a pervasive, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29885
},
{
"id": "dso_10939",
"name": "antisocial personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29886
},
{
"id": "dso_1094",
"name": "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by co-existence of attentional problems and hyperactivity, with each behavior occurring infrequently alone\\\" and symptoms starting before seven years of age.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29887
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{
"id": "dso_11037",
"name": "dissociative amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder where he continuity of the patient's memory is disrupted. Patients with dissociative amnesia have recurrent episodes in which they forget important personal information or events, usually connected with trauma or severe stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29888
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{
"id": "dso_11038",
"name": "depersonalization disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder in which the sufferer is affected by persistent or recurrent feelings of depersonalization and/or derealization.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29889
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{
"id": "dso_11120",
"name": "psychologic dyspareunia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29890
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{
"id": "dso_11206",
"name": "opioid abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of opioid drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29891
},
{
"id": "dso_11257",
"name": "social phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder that involves social anxiety occurring only in specific public or social situations, interactions with others or being evaluated or scrutinized by other people.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29892
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{
"id": "dso_11328",
"name": "schizophreniform disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that involves schizophrenia symptoms over time period of one month.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29893
},
{
"id": "dso_11385",
"name": "expressive language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A language disorder that involves difficulties with verbal and written expression characterized by an ability to use expressive spoken language that is markedly below the appropriate level for the mental age, but with a language comprehension that is within normal limits.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29894
},
{
"id": "dso_11507",
"name": "rumination disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder that is characterized by effortless regurgitation of most meals following consumption.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29895
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{
"id": "dso_11569",
"name": "neurocirculatory asthenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves heart disease symptoms without any identifiable physiological abnormatlities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29896
},
{
"id": "dso_11718",
"name": "antidepressant type abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of antidepressant drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29897
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{
"id": "dso_1203",
"name": "drug-induced mental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29898
},
{
"id": "dso_1206",
"name": "Rett syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disease that is a neurological and developmental disorder that mostly occurs in females and is caused_by a mutation on the MECP2 gene on the X chromosome. Infants with Rett syndrome seem to grow and develop normally at first, but then stop developing and even lose skills and abilities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29899
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{
"id": "dso_12128",
"name": "pica disease",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder that is characterized by an appetite for non-nutritive substances or food ingredients.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29900
},
{
"id": "dso_12129",
"name": "bulimia nervosa",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder characterized by the restraining of food intake for a period of time followed by an over intake or binging period that results in feelings of guilt and low self-esteem.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29901
},
{
"id": "dso_12139",
"name": "dysthymic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that involves the presence of a low mood almost daily over a span of at least two years.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29902
},
{
"id": "dso_1229",
"name": "paranoid schizophrenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A schizophrenia that involves delusions or auditory hallucinations of persecution or being plotted against without thought disorder, disorganized behavior, or affective flattening.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29903
},
{
"id": "dso_12294",
"name": "atypical depressive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that is characterized by mood reactivity (paradoxical anhedonia) and positivity, significant weight gain or increased appetite (\\\"comfort eating\\\"), excessive sleep or somnolence (hypersomnia), a sensation of heaviness in limbs known as leaden paralysis, and significant social impairment as a consequence of hypersensitivity to perceived interpersonal rejection.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29904
},
{
"id": "dso_1233",
"name": "transvestism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29905
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{
"id": "dso_1234",
"name": "gender identity disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves a conflict between a person's actual physical gender and the gender that person identifies himself or herself as.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29906
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{
"id": "dso_1235",
"name": "fetishism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29907
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{
"id": "dso_12399",
"name": "pathological gambling",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable impulse to gamble, irrespective of the interference the behaviour has on the individual's life.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29908
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{
"id": "dso_12400",
"name": "kleptomania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the repeated impulse to steal for no great gain, when he or she has sufficient money to pay for the item and no need for what is stolen.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29909
},
{
"id": "dso_12401",
"name": "intermittent explosive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the episodic inability to control violent impulses with a disproportionate degree of aggressiveness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29910
},
{
"id": "dso_12402",
"name": "pyromania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable impulse to repeatedly set fires with no obvious motive.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29911
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{
"id": "dso_12568",
"name": "dyscalculia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability involving a math disability can cause such difficulties as learning math concepts (such as quantity, place value, and time), difficulty memorizing math facts, difficulty organizing numbers, and understanding how problems are organized on the page.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29912
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{
"id": "dso_12685",
"name": "mixed receptive-expressive language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves both the receptive and expressive areas of communication may be affected in any degree, from mild to severe.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29913
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{
"id": "dso_12797",
"name": "hallucinogen abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of hallucinogenic drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29914
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{
"id": "dso_12849",
"name": "autistic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that is characterized by symptoms across all three symptom domains (communication, social, restricted repetitive interests and behaviors), delayed language development, and symptom onset prior to age 3 years.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29915
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{
"id": "dso_12883",
"name": "hypochondriasis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves an excessive preoccupation or worry about having a serious illness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29916
},
{
"id": "dso_12995",
"name": "conduct disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder marked by a pattern of repetitive behavior wherein the rights of others or social norms are violated.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29917
},
{
"id": "dso_1307",
"name": "dementia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder resulting from a loss of brain function affecting memory, thinking, language, judgement and behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29918
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{
"id": "dso_13351",
"name": "pedophilia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29919
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{
"id": "dso_13352",
"name": "ego-dystonic sexual orientation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A gender identity disorder that is characterized by having a sexual orientation or an attraction that is at odds with one's idealized self-image, causing anxiety and a desire to change one's orientation or become more comfortable with one's sexual orientation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29920
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{
"id": "dso_13365",
"name": "reading disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability involing difficulty reading resulting primarily from neurological factors which affect any part of the reading process.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29921
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{
"id": "dso_13417",
"name": "alexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize text.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29922
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{
"id": "dso_13487",
"name": "childhood disintegrative disease",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disease that is a rare condition characterized by late onset (>3 years of age) of developmental delays in language, social function, and motor skills where children who have had previously normal development who then appear to regress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29923
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{
"id": "dso_13709",
"name": "premature ejaculation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29924
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{
"id": "dso_13868",
"name": "hypoactive sexual desire disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29925
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{
"id": "dso_13918",
"name": "somatization disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves persistently complaints of varied physical symptoms that have no identifiable physical origin.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29926
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{
"id": "dso_14042",
"name": "bipolar I disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one manic or mixed episode.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:20",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29927
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{
"id": "dso_14320",
"name": "generalized anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that is characterized by long-lasting anxiety that is not focused on any one object or situation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:20",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29928
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{
"id": "dso_1470",
"name": "major depressive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An endogenous depression that is characterized by an all-encompassing low mood accompanied by low self-esteem, and by loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29929
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{
"id": "dso_1509",
"name": "avoidant personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation, and avoidance of social interaction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29930
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{
"id": "dso_1510",
"name": "personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involve long-term patterns of thoughts and behaviors that cause serious problems with relationships and work.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29931
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{
"id": "dso_1561",
"name": "cognitive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that affects cognitive functions including memory processing, perception and problem solving.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29932
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{
"id": "dso_1574",
"name": "alcohol abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of alcoholic beverages despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29933
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{
"id": "dso_1595",
"name": "endogenous depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mental depression that is characterized by a dysregulation of the endogenous opioid system and not of the monaminergic system.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29934
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{
"id": "dso_1596",
"name": "mental depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29935
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{
"id": "dso_1742",
"name": "drug psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29936
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{
"id": "dso_1766",
"name": "factitious disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health where symptoms are deliberately produced, feigned or exaggerated in order to falsely demonstrate the presence of an illness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29937
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{
"id": "dso_1768",
"name": "conversion disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves numbness, blindness, paralysis or fits without a neurological cause.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29938
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{
"id": "dso_1849",
"name": "cannabis dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of cannabis despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29939
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{
"id": "dso_1875",
"name": "impotence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29940
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{
"id": "dso_1876",
"name": "sexual dysfunction",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29941
},
{
"id": "dso_2030",
"name": "anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29942
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{
"id": "dso_2033",
"name": "communication disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves specific developmental disorders of speech and language.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29943
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{
"id": "dso_2055",
"name": "post-traumatic stress disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder which results from a traumatic experience that results in psychological trauma.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29944
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{
"id": "dso_2303",
"name": "stereotypic movement disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by repeated, rhythmic, purposeless movements or activities such as head banging, nail biting, or body rocking.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29945
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{
"id": "dso_2468",
"name": "psychotic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves abnormal thinking and perceptions resulting in a disconnection with reality.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29946
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{
"id": "dso_251",
"name": "alcohol-induced mental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29947
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{
"id": "dso_2510",
"name": "Kluver-Bucy syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves abnormalities in memory, social and sexual functioning and idiosyncratic behaviors resulting from damage from trauma or infection to both temporal lobes causing individuals to put objects in their mouths and engage in inappropriate sexual behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29948
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{
"id": "dso_252",
"name": "alcoholic psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29949
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{
"id": "dso_2559",
"name": "opiate dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of opiate drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29950
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{
"id": "dso_2560",
"name": "morphine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of morphine despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29951
},
{
"id": "dso_2575",
"name": "barbiturate dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of barbiturates despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29952
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{
"id": "dso_2745",
"name": "narcissistic personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves an excessive preoccupation with issues of personal adequacy, power, prestige and vanity.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29953
},
{
"id": "dso_2846",
"name": "bruxism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves involuntarily grinding or clenching of the teeth while sleeping.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29954
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{
"id": "dso_2848",
"name": "melancholia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29955
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{
"id": "dso_302",
"name": "substance abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that involves a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to significant impairment in functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:26",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29956
},
{
"id": "dso_303",
"name": "substance-related disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health involving the abuse or dependence on a substance that is ingested in order to produce a high, alter one's senses, or otherwise affect functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:26",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29957
},
{
"id": "dso_3312",
"name": "bipolar disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that involves alternating periods of mania and depression.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29958
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{
"id": "dso_3324",
"name": "mood disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29959
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{
"id": "dso_334",
"name": "histrionic personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking, including an excessive need for approval and inappropriately seductive behavior, usually beginning in early adulthood.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29960
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{
"id": "dso_4090",
"name": "agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that is a loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective nor is there any significant memory loss.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29961
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{
"id": "dso_4186",
"name": "articulation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves mispronouncing speech sounds by omitting, distorting, substituting, or adding sounds which can make speech difficult to understand.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29962
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{
"id": "dso_4188",
"name": "echolalia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves the automatic repetition of vocalizations made by another person.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29963
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{
"id": "dso_4189",
"name": "mutism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves a complete inability to speak.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29964
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{
"id": "dso_4260",
"name": "gait apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29965
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{
"id": "dso_4428",
"name": "dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A reading disorder resulting from a developmental reading disability involving the inability to process graphic symbols resulting in impairment of reading ability.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29966
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{
"id": "dso_4540",
"name": "dysgraphia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A writing disorder that involves a deficiency in the ability to write where the writing is distorted or incorrect, spelling difficulty, poor handwriting or trouble putting thoughts on paper.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29967
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{
"id": "dso_4541",
"name": "nominal aphasia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that involves a severe problem with recalling words or names.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29968
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{
"id": "dso_4543",
"name": "retrograde amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An amnestic disorder that involves a loss of one's pre-existing memories to conscious recollection.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29969
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{
"id": "dso_4627",
"name": "ideomotor apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29970
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{
"id": "dso_4737",
"name": "somatoform disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves physical symptoms suggesting a physical illness where the biological or medical cause of the symptoms is indeterminate.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29971
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{
"id": "dso_4762",
"name": "vasculogenic impotence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29972
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{
"id": "dso_4964",
"name": "neurotic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves discress but neither delusions nor hallucinations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29973
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{
"id": "dso_4970",
"name": "prosopagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that results in the loss of the ability to consciously recognize familiar faces.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29974
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{
"id": "dso_5062",
"name": "phencyclidine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of phencyclidine (PCP) drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:34",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29975
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{
"id": "dso_507",
"name": "adjustment disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that is an abnormal and excessive emotional and behavioral reaction to a life stress that develops within 3 months of a life stress, and which is stronger or greater than what would be expected for the type of event that occurred.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:34",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29976
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{
"id": "dso_5340",
"name": "anterograde amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An amnestic disorder that involves the impaired or lost ability to memorize new things.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29977
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{
"id": "dso_535",
"name": "sleep disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves disruption of sleep patterns.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29978
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{
"id": "dso_5418",
"name": "schizoaffective disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that is characterized by recurring episodes of mood fluctuations and a loss of contact with reality.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29979
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{
"id": "dso_5419",
"name": "schizophrenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that is characterized by a disintegration of thought processes and of emotional responsiveness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29980
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{
"id": "dso_591",
"name": "phobic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder where fear and anxiety are triggered by a specific stimulus or situation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29981
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{
"id": "dso_593",
"name": "agoraphobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder involving the specific anxiety about being in a place or situation where escape is difficult or embarrassing or where help may be unavailable.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29982
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{
"id": "dso_594",
"name": "panic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that is characterized by unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms that may include chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, or abdominal distress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29983
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{
"id": "dso_599",
"name": "specific phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder that is characterized by an unreasonable or irrational fear related to exposure to specific objects or situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29984
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{
"id": "dso_600",
"name": "animal phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that involves a fear caused by the presence or thought of a specific animal that poses little or no danger at all.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29985
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{
"id": "dso_602",
"name": "cancerophobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29986
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{
"id": "dso_603",
"name": "AIDS phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29987
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{
"id": "dso_605",
"name": "flying phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that is characterized by a fear of flying.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29988
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{
"id": "dso_6088",
"name": "acute stress disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that has_symptom flashbacks, has_symptom bad dreams, has_symptom frightening thoughts, has_symptom avoidance or has_symptom hyperarousal of PTSD occurring within one month of a traumatic experience as Acute Stress Disorder or ASD.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29989
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{
"id": "dso_6680",
"name": "Capgras syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A delusional disorder in which a person holds a delusion that a friend, spouse, parent, or other close family member has been replaced by an identical-looking impostor.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:40",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29990
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{
"id": "dso_670",
"name": "amphetamine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of amphetamines despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:40",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29991
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{
"id": "dso_6950",
"name": "combat disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An acute stress disorder that involves neurotic reactions to unusual, severe, or overwhelming military stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:41",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29992
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{
"id": "dso_778",
"name": "delusional disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that involves an uncommon psychiatric condition in which patients present with circumscribed symptoms of non-bizarre delusions, but with the absence of prominent hallucinations and no thought disorder, mood disorder, or significant flattening effect.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:43",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29993
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{
"id": "dso_809",
"name": "cocaine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of cocaine despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:44",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29994
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{
"id": "dso_845",
"name": "cyclothymic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that involves recurrent hypomanic and dysthymic episodes, but no full manic episodes or full major depressive episodes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:44",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29995
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{
"id": "dso_8519",
"name": "barbiturate abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of barbiturate drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:45",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29996
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{
"id": "dso_8619",
"name": "recurrent hypersomnia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves recurring bouts of excessive amounts of sleepiness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:45",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29997
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{
"id": "dso_8645",
"name": "subacute delirium",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29998
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{
"id": "dso_8646",
"name": "substance-induced psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 29999
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{
"id": "dso_8670",
"name": "eating disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by abnormal eating habits that may involve either insufficient or excessive food intake to the detriment of an individual's physical and emotional health.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30000
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{
"id": "dso_8689",
"name": "anorexia nervosa",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder characterized by refusal to maintain a healthy body weight, and an obsessive fear of gaining weight due to a distorted self image.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30001
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{
"id": "dso_8927",
"name": "learning disability",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves difficulty in scholastic skills such as reading, writing, spelling, reasoning, recalling and/or organizing information resulting from the brain's inability to receive and process information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30002
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{
"id": "dso_8986",
"name": "narcolepsy",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves an excessive urge to sleep at inappropriate times, such as while at work.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30003
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{
"id": "dso_9091",
"name": "REM sleep behavior disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves abnormal behavior including the acting out of violent or dramatic dreams during the sleep phase with rapid eye movement.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30004
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{
"id": "dso_92",
"name": "speech disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves difficulty with the act of speech production.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30005
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{
"id": "dso_9207",
"name": "periodic limb movement disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves involuntary limb movement during sleep.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30006
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{
"id": "dso_9220",
"name": "central sleep apnea",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder involving diminished capability to breath for short periods of time.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30007
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{
"id": "dso_93",
"name": "language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves the processing of linguistic information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30008
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{
"id": "dso_9336",
"name": "bestiality",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30009
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{
"id": "dso_9478",
"name": "postpartum depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An endogenous depression that involves intense, sustained and sometimes disabling depression experienced by women after giving birth.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
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"ID(c)": 30010
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{
"id": "dso_9505",
"name": "cannabis abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of cannabis despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30011
},
{
"id": "dso_9828",
"name": "neonatal abstinence syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A withdrawal disorder that is characterized by a group of problems that occur in a newborn who was exposed to addictive illegal or prescription drugs while in the mother's womb or postnatally following the discontinuance of drug treatment.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30012
},
{
"id": "dso_9923",
"name": "developmental coordination disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves disordered motor skills where coordinated muscle movement is impaired.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30013
},
{
"id": "dso_9973",
"name": "substance dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that involves the continued use of alcohol or other drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30014
},
{
"id": "dso_9974",
"name": "drug dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance dependence that involves the continued use of drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30015
},
{
"id": "dso_9975",
"name": "cocaine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that is a psychological dependency on the regular use of cocaine.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30016
},
{
"id": "dso_9976",
"name": "heroin dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of heroin despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30017
},
{
"id": "dso_9977",
"name": "hallucinogen dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of hallucinogenic drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30018
},
{
"id": "dso_5341d1ef4107e",
"name": "Alzheimer disease ",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function and the leading cause of dementia worldwide.",
"event_stamp": "2014-04-06T22:15:11",
"id_user": "usr_5341b8a1ef5dc",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30019
},
{
"id": "dso_52c731124ad3e",
"name": "formula creation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disorder of the brain which causes one to bungle simple Excel formulas.",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-03T21:52:18",
"id_user": "usr_52c72b3896b00",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30020
},
{
"id": "dso_52c73c015b5a4",
"name": "explorer deprecation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "the pathological fear of being beset by spam, the inability to move on to new, more secure browers.",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-03T22:38:57",
"id_user": "usr_52c72b3896b00",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30021
},
{
"id": "dso_52d06688e07f3",
"name": "philoprogeria",
"classification": null,
"definition": "made up",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-10T21:30:48",
"id_user": "usr_49a467bf4e0db",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30022
},
{
"id": "dso_55ac96d54ae2c",
"name": "Semantic Dementia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Semantic dementia (SD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of semantic memory in both the verbal and non-verbal domains. The most common presenting symptoms are in the verbal domain however (with loss of word meaning) and it is characterized as a primary progressive aphasia.",
"event_stamp": "2015-07-20T06:36:05",
"id_user": "usr_4ffbda803dbd6",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30023
},
{
"id": "dso_55e1b3573c90c",
"name": "Letter position dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Letter position dyslexia is a type of reading disorder that results from an impairment in the encoding of letter positions within the word. It can be developmental or acquired. The main characteristic of this dyslexia is letter transpositions within the word (reading from as \"form\", parties as \"pirates). ",
"event_stamp": "2015-08-29T13:27:51",
"id_user": "usr_55dcf0b42d06c",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30024
},
{
"id": "dso_55e1b3f9ace16",
"name": "surface dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "surface dyslexia is a reading impairment that can be acquired or developmental. It results from a deficit in the lexical route for word reading. As a result, the reader needs to rely on the sublexical for reading, reading by converting each letter or group of letters (grapheme) to a sound (phoneme). Surface dyslexia is characterised by slow reading (because reading via grapheme-to-phoneme conversion is slower than reading via the lexical route); it is also characterised by incorrect reading aloud of irregular words (such as talk, sure, none, and comb). ",
"event_stamp": "2015-08-29T13:30:33",
"id_user": "usr_55dcf0b42d06c",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30025
},
{
"id": "dso_579651a7e2604",
"name": "Mild Cognitive Impairment",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate clinical state between normal cognitive aging and dementia, and it precedes and leads to dementia in many cases. The concept of MCI is new, evolving, and somewhat controversial, but there is rough consensus as to its clinical definition and prognosis.\r\nCriteria include the presence of subjective complaints of gradual memory loss over at least 6 months reported by the patient or family members, with objective evidence of memory loss demonstrated on clinical memory tests. There has to be general preservation of other cognitive domains (Nasreddine et al. 2005).",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-25T17:51:35",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30026
},
{
"id": "dso_5798cf99cfaa3",
"name": "ideational apraxia (conceptual apraxia)",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Patients have an inability to conceptualize a task and impaired ability to complete multi-step actions. Consists of an inability to select and carry out an appropriate motor program. For example, the patient may complete actions in incorrect orders, such as buttering bread before putting it in the toaster, or putting on shoes before putting on socks. There is also a loss of ability to voluntarily perform a learned task when given the necessary objects or tools. For instance, if given a screwdriver, the patient may try to write with it as if it were a pen, or try to comb his hair with a toothbrush.",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-27T15:13:29",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30027
},
{
"id": "dso_5798d1ed9bd8f",
"name": "constructional apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "The inability to draw or construct simple configurations, such as intersecting shapes.",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-27T15:23:25",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30028
},
{
"id": "dso_0050432",
"name": "Asperger syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that is characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. It differs from other autism spectrum disorders by its relative preservation of linguistic and cognitive development.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29811
},
{
"id": "dso_0050587",
"name": "trichotillomania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable plucking of ones hair.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29812
},
{
"id": "dso_0050628",
"name": "advanced sleep phase syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder tah involves an altered circadian rhythm resulting in falling asleep in early evening and awaking very early in the morning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29813
},
{
"id": "dso_0050665",
"name": "fetal alcohol syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in severe mental and physical defects which can develop in a child when the mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. The presenting features include craniofacial dysmorphology (microcephaly, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, small eye openings), pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, and central nervous system dysfunction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29814
},
{
"id": "dso_0050666",
"name": "partial fetal alcohol syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in most, but not all, of the growth deficiency and/or craniofacial features of fetal alcohol syndrome including central nervous system dysfunction due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29815
},
{
"id": "dso_0050667",
"name": "alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in central nervous system dysfunction and behavioral and/or cognitive deficits due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29816
},
{
"id": "dso_0050668",
"name": "alcohol-related birth defect",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in damage to organs, bones, or muscles due to prenatal alcohol exposure.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29817
},
{
"id": "dso_0050696",
"name": "fetal alcohol spectrum disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A physical disorder that involves physical, behavioral and learning birth defects resulting from maternal ingestion of alcohol during pregnancy.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:08",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29818
},
{
"id": "dso_0050741",
"name": "alcohol dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29819
},
{
"id": "dso_0050742",
"name": "nicotine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29820
},
{
"id": "dso_0050776",
"name": "non-specific X-linked mental retardation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29821
},
{
"id": "dso_0060001",
"name": "withdrawal disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that occurs upon the abrupt discontinuation/separation or a decrease in dosage of the intake of medications, recreational drugs, and alcohol.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29822
},
{
"id": "dso_0060037",
"name": "developmental disorder of mental health",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that occur during a child's developmental period between birth and age 18 resulting in retarding of the child's psycholotgical or physical development.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29823
},
{
"id": "dso_0060038",
"name": "specific developmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A developmental disorder of mental health that categorizes specific learning disabilities and developmental disorders affecting coordination.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29824
},
{
"id": "dso_0060040",
"name": "pervasive developmental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A developmental disorder of mental health that refers to a group of five disorders characterized by impairments in socialization and communication, as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29825
},
{
"id": "dso_0060041",
"name": "autism spectrum disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disorder that is a spectrum of psychological conditions. The disease has_symptom widespread abnormalities of social interactions and communication, has_symptom severely restricted interests and has_symptom highly repetitive behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29826
},
{
"id": "dso_0060042",
"name": "atypical autism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that involves some autistic symptoms occuring after age 3 with an abscence of all the traits necessary for a diagnosis of autism.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29827
},
{
"id": "dso_0060043",
"name": "sexual disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves the impairment in normal sexual functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29828
},
{
"id": "dso_0060044",
"name": "paraphilia disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29829
},
{
"id": "dso_0060045",
"name": "Munchausen by proxy",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A factitious disorder that involves a care giver's deliberate exaggeration, fabrication, and/or induce physical, psychological, behavioral, and/or mental health problems in others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29830
},
{
"id": "dso_0060046",
"name": "aphasia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A language disorder that involves an acquired impairment of any language modality such as producing or comprehending spoken or written language.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29831
},
{
"id": "dso_0060047",
"name": "writing disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability that involves impaired written language ability such as impairments in handwriting, spelling, organization of ideas, and composition.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29832
},
{
"id": "dso_0060048",
"name": "nosophobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that involves an irrational fear of contracting a disease.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29833
},
{
"id": "dso_0060130",
"name": "akinetopsia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of motion perception.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29834
},
{
"id": "dso_0060131",
"name": "alexithymia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a deficiency in understanding, processing, or describing emotions.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29835
},
{
"id": "dso_0060132",
"name": "amusia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize musical notes, rhythms, and intervals.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29836
},
{
"id": "dso_0060133",
"name": "anosognosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to gain feedback about one's own condition or impairments.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29837
},
{
"id": "dso_0060134",
"name": "apperceptive agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish visual shapes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29838
},
{
"id": "dso_0060135",
"name": "apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to map out physical actions in order to repeat them in functional activities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29839
},
{
"id": "dso_0060136",
"name": "associative agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize visual scenes or classes of objects but retain the abilty to describe them.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29840
},
{
"id": "dso_0060137",
"name": "auditory agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguishing environmental and non-verbal auditory cues including difficulty distinguishing speech from non-speech sounds even though hearing is usually normal.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29841
},
{
"id": "dso_0060138",
"name": "autotopagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to orient parts of the body.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29842
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{
"id": "dso_0060139",
"name": "color agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize a color, while being able to perceive or distinguish it.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29843
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{
"id": "dso_0060140",
"name": "cortical deafness",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive any auditory information but whose hearing is intact.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29844
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{
"id": "dso_0060141",
"name": "finger agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish the fingers on the hand.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29845
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{
"id": "dso_0060142",
"name": "form agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive a whole object while perceiving only parts of details.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29846
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{
"id": "dso_0060143",
"name": "integrative agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to integrate these elements together into comprehensible perceptual wholes while recognizing elements of the whole.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29847
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{
"id": "dso_0060144",
"name": "mirror agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to acknowledge objects in the neglected field that are visible when a mirror reflects the object visible in the non-neglected field.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29848
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{
"id": "dso_0060145",
"name": "pain agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive and process pain.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29849
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{
"id": "dso_0060146",
"name": "phonagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize familiar voices.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29850
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{
"id": "dso_0060147",
"name": "semantic agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognise an object while maintaining the use of non-visual sensory systems such as feeling, tapping, smelling, rocking or flicking the object to recognise the object.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29851
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{
"id": "dso_0060148",
"name": "simultanagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recgonize a whole image or scene while retianing the ability to recognize objects or details in their visual field one at a time.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29852
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{
"id": "dso_0060149",
"name": "social emotional agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive facial expression, body language and intonation, rendering them unable to non-verbally perceive people's emotions and limiting that aspect of social interaction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29853
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{
"id": "dso_0060150",
"name": "astereognosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is the loss of the ability to recognize objects by touch based on its texture, size and weight.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29854
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{
"id": "dso_0060151",
"name": "tactile agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize or identify objects by touch alone.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29855
},
{
"id": "dso_0060152",
"name": "time agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehend the succession and duration of events.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29856
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{
"id": "dso_0060153",
"name": "topographical agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to rely on visual cues to guide them directionally due to the inability to recognise objects.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29857
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{
"id": "dso_0060154",
"name": "verbal auditory agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognising spoken words as semantically meaningful.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29858
},
{
"id": "dso_0060155",
"name": "visual agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognize objects.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29859
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{
"id": "dso_0060156",
"name": "visual verbal agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehending the meaning of written words.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29860
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{
"id": "dso_0060163",
"name": "body dysmorphic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves an excessive concern about and preoccupation with a perceived defect in his or her physical features (body image).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29861
},
{
"id": "dso_0060164",
"name": "pain disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves chronic pain in one or more areas, and is thought to be caused by psychological stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29862
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{
"id": "dso_0060165",
"name": "Kleine-Levin syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A recurrent hypersomnia that is characterized by recurring periods of excessive amounts of sleep and altered behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29863
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{
"id": "dso_0060166",
"name": "bipolar ll disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode; with this disorder, depressive episodes are more frequent and more intense than manic episodes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29864
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{
"id": "dso_0060167",
"name": "seasonal affective disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mental depression that involves presentation of depressive symptoms only during a specific season of the year.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29865
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{
"id": "dso_0060179",
"name": "Renpenning syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An intellectual disability that is characterized by small head size (microcephaly), long narrow face, short stature, small testes, and intellectual deficit which follows X-linked inheritance and presents most often in males.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29866
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{
"id": "dso_10132",
"name": "psychosexual disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:09",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29867
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{
"id": "dso_10236",
"name": "exhibitionism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:10",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29868
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{
"id": "dso_1059",
"name": "intellectual disability",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves significant limitations both in mental functioning and in adaptive behavior such as communicating, taking care of him or herself, and social skills.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29869
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{
"id": "dso_10646",
"name": "schizotypal personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a need for social isolation, anxiety in social situations, odd behavior and thinking, and often unconventional beliefs.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29870
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{
"id": "dso_10685",
"name": "separation anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves the feeling of excessive and inappropriate levels of anxiety over being separated from a person to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment or place.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29871
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{
"id": "dso_10817",
"name": "sexual sadism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29872
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{
"id": "dso_10834",
"name": "voyeurism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29873
},
{
"id": "dso_10849",
"name": "sexual masochism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:11",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29874
},
{
"id": "dso_10914",
"name": "amnestic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder where the memory is disturbed or lost and involves the loss of memories previously established, loss of the ability to create new memories, or loss of the ability to learn new information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29875
},
{
"id": "dso_10919",
"name": "transsexualism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A gender identity disorder that is characterized by an individual's identification with a gender inconsistent or not culturally associated with their biological sex.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29876
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{
"id": "dso_10930",
"name": "borderline personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a prolonged disturbance of personality function characterized by depth and variability of moods.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29877
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{
"id": "dso_10931",
"name": "dependent personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive psychological dependence on other people.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29878
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{
"id": "dso_10932",
"name": "obsessive-compulsive personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29879
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{
"id": "dso_10933",
"name": "obsessive-compulsive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves unwanted and repeated thoughts, feelings, ideas, sensations (obsessions), or behaviors that make them feel driven to do something (compulsions).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29880
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{
"id": "dso_10934",
"name": "multiple personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder that involves the simultaneous display of multiple distinct identities or personalities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29881
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{
"id": "dso_10935",
"name": "dissociative disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health in which the normally well-integrated functions of memory, identity, perception, or consciousness are separated (dissociated).",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29882
},
{
"id": "dso_10936",
"name": "schizoid personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, a tendency towards a solitary lifestyle, secretiveness, emotional coldness and sometimes sexual apathy, with a simultaneous rich, elaborate and exclusively internal fantasy world.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29883
},
{
"id": "dso_10937",
"name": "impulse control disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves a failure to resist an impulsive act or behaviour that may be harmful to self or others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29884
},
{
"id": "dso_10938",
"name": "paranoid personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by paranoia and a pervasive, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29885
},
{
"id": "dso_10939",
"name": "antisocial personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29886
},
{
"id": "dso_1094",
"name": "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by co-existence of attentional problems and hyperactivity, with each behavior occurring infrequently alone\\\" and symptoms starting before seven years of age.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29887
},
{
"id": "dso_11037",
"name": "dissociative amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder where he continuity of the patient's memory is disrupted. Patients with dissociative amnesia have recurrent episodes in which they forget important personal information or events, usually connected with trauma or severe stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29888
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{
"id": "dso_11038",
"name": "depersonalization disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A dissociative disorder in which the sufferer is affected by persistent or recurrent feelings of depersonalization and/or derealization.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29889
},
{
"id": "dso_11120",
"name": "psychologic dyspareunia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:12",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29890
},
{
"id": "dso_11206",
"name": "opioid abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of opioid drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29891
},
{
"id": "dso_11257",
"name": "social phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder that involves social anxiety occurring only in specific public or social situations, interactions with others or being evaluated or scrutinized by other people.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29892
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{
"id": "dso_11328",
"name": "schizophreniform disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that involves schizophrenia symptoms over time period of one month.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29893
},
{
"id": "dso_11385",
"name": "expressive language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A language disorder that involves difficulties with verbal and written expression characterized by an ability to use expressive spoken language that is markedly below the appropriate level for the mental age, but with a language comprehension that is within normal limits.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:13",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29894
},
{
"id": "dso_11507",
"name": "rumination disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder that is characterized by effortless regurgitation of most meals following consumption.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29895
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{
"id": "dso_11569",
"name": "neurocirculatory asthenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves heart disease symptoms without any identifiable physiological abnormatlities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29896
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{
"id": "dso_11718",
"name": "antidepressant type abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of antidepressant drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:14",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29897
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{
"id": "dso_1203",
"name": "drug-induced mental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29898
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{
"id": "dso_1206",
"name": "Rett syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disease that is a neurological and developmental disorder that mostly occurs in females and is caused_by a mutation on the MECP2 gene on the X chromosome. Infants with Rett syndrome seem to grow and develop normally at first, but then stop developing and even lose skills and abilities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29899
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{
"id": "dso_12128",
"name": "pica disease",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder that is characterized by an appetite for non-nutritive substances or food ingredients.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29900
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{
"id": "dso_12129",
"name": "bulimia nervosa",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder characterized by the restraining of food intake for a period of time followed by an over intake or binging period that results in feelings of guilt and low self-esteem.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29901
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{
"id": "dso_12139",
"name": "dysthymic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that involves the presence of a low mood almost daily over a span of at least two years.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:15",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29902
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{
"id": "dso_1229",
"name": "paranoid schizophrenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A schizophrenia that involves delusions or auditory hallucinations of persecution or being plotted against without thought disorder, disorganized behavior, or affective flattening.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29903
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{
"id": "dso_12294",
"name": "atypical depressive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that is characterized by mood reactivity (paradoxical anhedonia) and positivity, significant weight gain or increased appetite (\\\"comfort eating\\\"), excessive sleep or somnolence (hypersomnia), a sensation of heaviness in limbs known as leaden paralysis, and significant social impairment as a consequence of hypersensitivity to perceived interpersonal rejection.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29904
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{
"id": "dso_1233",
"name": "transvestism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29905
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{
"id": "dso_1234",
"name": "gender identity disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves a conflict between a person's actual physical gender and the gender that person identifies himself or herself as.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29906
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{
"id": "dso_1235",
"name": "fetishism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29907
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{
"id": "dso_12399",
"name": "pathological gambling",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable impulse to gamble, irrespective of the interference the behaviour has on the individual's life.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29908
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{
"id": "dso_12400",
"name": "kleptomania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the repeated impulse to steal for no great gain, when he or she has sufficient money to pay for the item and no need for what is stolen.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29909
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{
"id": "dso_12401",
"name": "intermittent explosive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the episodic inability to control violent impulses with a disproportionate degree of aggressiveness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29910
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{
"id": "dso_12402",
"name": "pyromania",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves the uncontrollable impulse to repeatedly set fires with no obvious motive.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29911
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{
"id": "dso_12568",
"name": "dyscalculia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability involving a math disability can cause such difficulties as learning math concepts (such as quantity, place value, and time), difficulty memorizing math facts, difficulty organizing numbers, and understanding how problems are organized on the page.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29912
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{
"id": "dso_12685",
"name": "mixed receptive-expressive language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves both the receptive and expressive areas of communication may be affected in any degree, from mild to severe.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:16",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29913
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{
"id": "dso_12797",
"name": "hallucinogen abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of hallucinogenic drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29914
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{
"id": "dso_12849",
"name": "autistic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An autism spectrum disorder that is characterized by symptoms across all three symptom domains (communication, social, restricted repetitive interests and behaviors), delayed language development, and symptom onset prior to age 3 years.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29915
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{
"id": "dso_12883",
"name": "hypochondriasis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves an excessive preoccupation or worry about having a serious illness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29916
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{
"id": "dso_12995",
"name": "conduct disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder marked by a pattern of repetitive behavior wherein the rights of others or social norms are violated.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29917
},
{
"id": "dso_1307",
"name": "dementia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder resulting from a loss of brain function affecting memory, thinking, language, judgement and behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:17",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29918
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{
"id": "dso_13351",
"name": "pedophilia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29919
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{
"id": "dso_13352",
"name": "ego-dystonic sexual orientation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A gender identity disorder that is characterized by having a sexual orientation or an attraction that is at odds with one's idealized self-image, causing anxiety and a desire to change one's orientation or become more comfortable with one's sexual orientation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29920
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{
"id": "dso_13365",
"name": "reading disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A learning disability involing difficulty reading resulting primarily from neurological factors which affect any part of the reading process.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29921
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{
"id": "dso_13417",
"name": "alexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize text.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29922
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{
"id": "dso_13487",
"name": "childhood disintegrative disease",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A pervasive developmental disease that is a rare condition characterized by late onset (>3 years of age) of developmental delays in language, social function, and motor skills where children who have had previously normal development who then appear to regress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:18",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29923
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{
"id": "dso_13709",
"name": "premature ejaculation",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29924
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{
"id": "dso_13868",
"name": "hypoactive sexual desire disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29925
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{
"id": "dso_13918",
"name": "somatization disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves persistently complaints of varied physical symptoms that have no identifiable physical origin.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:19",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29926
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{
"id": "dso_14042",
"name": "bipolar I disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one manic or mixed episode.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:20",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29927
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{
"id": "dso_14320",
"name": "generalized anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that is characterized by long-lasting anxiety that is not focused on any one object or situation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:20",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29928
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{
"id": "dso_1470",
"name": "major depressive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An endogenous depression that is characterized by an all-encompassing low mood accompanied by low self-esteem, and by loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29929
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{
"id": "dso_1509",
"name": "avoidant personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation, and avoidance of social interaction.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29930
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{
"id": "dso_1510",
"name": "personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involve long-term patterns of thoughts and behaviors that cause serious problems with relationships and work.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29931
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{
"id": "dso_1561",
"name": "cognitive disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that affects cognitive functions including memory processing, perception and problem solving.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29932
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{
"id": "dso_1574",
"name": "alcohol abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of alcoholic beverages despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29933
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{
"id": "dso_1595",
"name": "endogenous depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mental depression that is characterized by a dysregulation of the endogenous opioid system and not of the monaminergic system.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29934
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{
"id": "dso_1596",
"name": "mental depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:21",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29935
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{
"id": "dso_1742",
"name": "drug psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29936
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{
"id": "dso_1766",
"name": "factitious disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health where symptoms are deliberately produced, feigned or exaggerated in order to falsely demonstrate the presence of an illness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29937
},
{
"id": "dso_1768",
"name": "conversion disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A somatoform disorder that involves numbness, blindness, paralysis or fits without a neurological cause.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29938
},
{
"id": "dso_1849",
"name": "cannabis dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of cannabis despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29939
},
{
"id": "dso_1875",
"name": "impotence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29940
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{
"id": "dso_1876",
"name": "sexual dysfunction",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:22",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29941
},
{
"id": "dso_2030",
"name": "anxiety disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29942
},
{
"id": "dso_2033",
"name": "communication disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves specific developmental disorders of speech and language.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29943
},
{
"id": "dso_2055",
"name": "post-traumatic stress disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder which results from a traumatic experience that results in psychological trauma.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29944
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{
"id": "dso_2303",
"name": "stereotypic movement disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by repeated, rhythmic, purposeless movements or activities such as head banging, nail biting, or body rocking.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:23",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29945
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{
"id": "dso_2468",
"name": "psychotic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves abnormal thinking and perceptions resulting in a disconnection with reality.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29946
},
{
"id": "dso_251",
"name": "alcohol-induced mental disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29947
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{
"id": "dso_2510",
"name": "Kluver-Bucy syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An impulse control disorder that involves abnormalities in memory, social and sexual functioning and idiosyncratic behaviors resulting from damage from trauma or infection to both temporal lobes causing individuals to put objects in their mouths and engage in inappropriate sexual behavior.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29948
},
{
"id": "dso_252",
"name": "alcoholic psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29949
},
{
"id": "dso_2559",
"name": "opiate dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of opiate drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29950
},
{
"id": "dso_2560",
"name": "morphine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of morphine despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29951
},
{
"id": "dso_2575",
"name": "barbiturate dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of barbiturates despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:24",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29952
},
{
"id": "dso_2745",
"name": "narcissistic personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that involves an excessive preoccupation with issues of personal adequacy, power, prestige and vanity.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29953
},
{
"id": "dso_2846",
"name": "bruxism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves involuntarily grinding or clenching of the teeth while sleeping.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29954
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{
"id": "dso_2848",
"name": "melancholia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:25",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29955
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{
"id": "dso_302",
"name": "substance abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that involves a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to significant impairment in functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:26",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29956
},
{
"id": "dso_303",
"name": "substance-related disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health involving the abuse or dependence on a substance that is ingested in order to produce a high, alter one's senses, or otherwise affect functioning.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:26",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29957
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{
"id": "dso_3312",
"name": "bipolar disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A mood disorder that involves alternating periods of mania and depression.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29958
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{
"id": "dso_3324",
"name": "mood disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29959
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{
"id": "dso_334",
"name": "histrionic personality disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A personality disorder that is characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking, including an excessive need for approval and inappropriately seductive behavior, usually beginning in early adulthood.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:27",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29960
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{
"id": "dso_4090",
"name": "agnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that is a loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective nor is there any significant memory loss.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29961
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{
"id": "dso_4186",
"name": "articulation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves mispronouncing speech sounds by omitting, distorting, substituting, or adding sounds which can make speech difficult to understand.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29962
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{
"id": "dso_4188",
"name": "echolalia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves the automatic repetition of vocalizations made by another person.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29963
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{
"id": "dso_4189",
"name": "mutism",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A speech disorder that involves a complete inability to speak.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29964
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{
"id": "dso_4260",
"name": "gait apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:31",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29965
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{
"id": "dso_4428",
"name": "dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A reading disorder resulting from a developmental reading disability involving the inability to process graphic symbols resulting in impairment of reading ability.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29966
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{
"id": "dso_4540",
"name": "dysgraphia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A writing disorder that involves a deficiency in the ability to write where the writing is distorted or incorrect, spelling difficulty, poor handwriting or trouble putting thoughts on paper.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29967
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{
"id": "dso_4541",
"name": "nominal aphasia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that involves a severe problem with recalling words or names.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29968
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{
"id": "dso_4543",
"name": "retrograde amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An amnestic disorder that involves a loss of one's pre-existing memories to conscious recollection.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29969
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{
"id": "dso_4627",
"name": "ideomotor apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:32",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29970
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{
"id": "dso_4737",
"name": "somatoform disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves physical symptoms suggesting a physical illness where the biological or medical cause of the symptoms is indeterminate.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29971
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{
"id": "dso_4762",
"name": "vasculogenic impotence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29972
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{
"id": "dso_4964",
"name": "neurotic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that involves discress but neither delusions nor hallucinations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29973
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{
"id": "dso_4970",
"name": "prosopagnosia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An agnosia that results in the loss of the ability to consciously recognize familiar faces.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:33",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29974
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{
"id": "dso_5062",
"name": "phencyclidine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of phencyclidine (PCP) drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:34",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29975
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{
"id": "dso_507",
"name": "adjustment disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that is an abnormal and excessive emotional and behavioral reaction to a life stress that develops within 3 months of a life stress, and which is stronger or greater than what would be expected for the type of event that occurred.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:34",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29976
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{
"id": "dso_5340",
"name": "anterograde amnesia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An amnestic disorder that involves the impaired or lost ability to memorize new things.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29977
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{
"id": "dso_535",
"name": "sleep disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disease of mental health that involves disruption of sleep patterns.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29978
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{
"id": "dso_5418",
"name": "schizoaffective disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that is characterized by recurring episodes of mood fluctuations and a loss of contact with reality.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29979
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{
"id": "dso_5419",
"name": "schizophrenia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that is characterized by a disintegration of thought processes and of emotional responsiveness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:35",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29980
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{
"id": "dso_591",
"name": "phobic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder where fear and anxiety are triggered by a specific stimulus or situation.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29981
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{
"id": "dso_593",
"name": "agoraphobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder involving the specific anxiety about being in a place or situation where escape is difficult or embarrassing or where help may be unavailable.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29982
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{
"id": "dso_594",
"name": "panic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that is characterized by unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms that may include chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, or abdominal distress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29983
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{
"id": "dso_599",
"name": "specific phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A phobic disorder that is characterized by an unreasonable or irrational fear related to exposure to specific objects or situations.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29984
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{
"id": "dso_600",
"name": "animal phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that involves a fear caused by the presence or thought of a specific animal that poses little or no danger at all.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29985
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{
"id": "dso_602",
"name": "cancerophobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
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"ID(c)": 29986
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{
"id": "dso_603",
"name": "AIDS phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29987
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{
"id": "dso_605",
"name": "flying phobia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific phobia that is characterized by a fear of flying.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29988
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{
"id": "dso_6088",
"name": "acute stress disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An anxiety disorder that has_symptom flashbacks, has_symptom bad dreams, has_symptom frightening thoughts, has_symptom avoidance or has_symptom hyperarousal of PTSD occurring within one month of a traumatic experience as Acute Stress Disorder or ASD.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:38",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29989
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{
"id": "dso_6680",
"name": "Capgras syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A delusional disorder in which a person holds a delusion that a friend, spouse, parent, or other close family member has been replaced by an identical-looking impostor.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:40",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29990
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{
"id": "dso_670",
"name": "amphetamine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of amphetamines despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:40",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29991
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{
"id": "dso_6950",
"name": "combat disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An acute stress disorder that involves neurotic reactions to unusual, severe, or overwhelming military stress.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:41",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29992
},
{
"id": "dso_778",
"name": "delusional disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A psychotic disorder that involves an uncommon psychiatric condition in which patients present with circumscribed symptoms of non-bizarre delusions, but with the absence of prominent hallucinations and no thought disorder, mood disorder, or significant flattening effect.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:43",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29993
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{
"id": "dso_809",
"name": "cocaine abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of cocaine despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:44",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29994
},
{
"id": "dso_845",
"name": "cyclothymic disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A bipolar disorder that involves recurrent hypomanic and dysthymic episodes, but no full manic episodes or full major depressive episodes.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:44",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29995
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{
"id": "dso_8519",
"name": "barbiturate abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of barbiturate drugs despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:45",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29996
},
{
"id": "dso_8619",
"name": "recurrent hypersomnia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves recurring bouts of excessive amounts of sleepiness.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:45",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29997
},
{
"id": "dso_8645",
"name": "subacute delirium",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29998
},
{
"id": "dso_8646",
"name": "substance-induced psychosis",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 29999
},
{
"id": "dso_8670",
"name": "eating disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by abnormal eating habits that may involve either insufficient or excessive food intake to the detriment of an individual's physical and emotional health.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30000
},
{
"id": "dso_8689",
"name": "anorexia nervosa",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An eating disorder characterized by refusal to maintain a healthy body weight, and an obsessive fear of gaining weight due to a distorted self image.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30001
},
{
"id": "dso_8927",
"name": "learning disability",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves difficulty in scholastic skills such as reading, writing, spelling, reasoning, recalling and/or organizing information resulting from the brain's inability to receive and process information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:46",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30002
},
{
"id": "dso_8986",
"name": "narcolepsy",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves an excessive urge to sleep at inappropriate times, such as while at work.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30003
},
{
"id": "dso_9091",
"name": "REM sleep behavior disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves abnormal behavior including the acting out of violent or dramatic dreams during the sleep phase with rapid eye movement.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30004
},
{
"id": "dso_92",
"name": "speech disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves difficulty with the act of speech production.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30005
},
{
"id": "dso_9207",
"name": "periodic limb movement disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder that involves involuntary limb movement during sleep.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30006
},
{
"id": "dso_9220",
"name": "central sleep apnea",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A sleep disorder involving diminished capability to breath for short periods of time.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30007
},
{
"id": "dso_93",
"name": "language disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A communication disorder that involves the processing of linguistic information.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:47",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30008
},
{
"id": "dso_9336",
"name": "bestiality",
"classification": null,
"definition": "",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30009
},
{
"id": "dso_9478",
"name": "postpartum depression",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An endogenous depression that involves intense, sustained and sometimes disabling depression experienced by women after giving birth.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30010
},
{
"id": "dso_9505",
"name": "cannabis abuse",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of cannabis despite negative consequences.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:48",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30011
},
{
"id": "dso_9828",
"name": "neonatal abstinence syndrome",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A withdrawal disorder that is characterized by a group of problems that occur in a newborn who was exposed to addictive illegal or prescription drugs while in the mother's womb or postnatally following the discontinuance of drug treatment.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30012
},
{
"id": "dso_9923",
"name": "developmental coordination disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A specific developmental disorder that involves disordered motor skills where coordinated muscle movement is impaired.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30013
},
{
"id": "dso_9973",
"name": "substance dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance-related disorder that involves the continued use of alcohol or other drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30014
},
{
"id": "dso_9974",
"name": "drug dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A substance dependence that involves the continued use of drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30015
},
{
"id": "dso_9975",
"name": "cocaine dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that is a psychological dependency on the regular use of cocaine.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30016
},
{
"id": "dso_9976",
"name": "heroin dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "An opiate dependence that involves the continued use of heroin despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30017
},
{
"id": "dso_9977",
"name": "hallucinogen dependence",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A drug dependence that involves the continued use of hallucinogenic drugs despite despite problems related to use of the substance.",
"event_stamp": "2013-11-20T15:38:49",
"id_user": "usr_52a0cf72ed5c5",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "DOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30018
},
{
"id": "dso_5341d1ef4107e",
"name": "Alzheimer disease ",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function and the leading cause of dementia worldwide.",
"event_stamp": "2014-04-06T22:15:11",
"id_user": "usr_5341b8a1ef5dc",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30019
},
{
"id": "dso_52c731124ad3e",
"name": "formula creation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "A disorder of the brain which causes one to bungle simple Excel formulas.",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-03T21:52:18",
"id_user": "usr_52c72b3896b00",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30020
},
{
"id": "dso_52c73c015b5a4",
"name": "explorer deprecation disorder",
"classification": null,
"definition": "the pathological fear of being beset by spam, the inability to move on to new, more secure browers.",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-03T22:38:57",
"id_user": "usr_52c72b3896b00",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30021
},
{
"id": "dso_52d06688e07f3",
"name": "philoprogeria",
"classification": null,
"definition": "made up",
"event_stamp": "2014-01-10T21:30:48",
"id_user": "usr_49a467bf4e0db",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30022
},
{
"id": "dso_55ac96d54ae2c",
"name": "Semantic Dementia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Semantic dementia (SD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of semantic memory in both the verbal and non-verbal domains. The most common presenting symptoms are in the verbal domain however (with loss of word meaning) and it is characterized as a primary progressive aphasia.",
"event_stamp": "2015-07-20T06:36:05",
"id_user": "usr_4ffbda803dbd6",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30023
},
{
"id": "dso_55e1b3573c90c",
"name": "Letter position dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Letter position dyslexia is a type of reading disorder that results from an impairment in the encoding of letter positions within the word. It can be developmental or acquired. The main characteristic of this dyslexia is letter transpositions within the word (reading from as \"form\", parties as \"pirates). ",
"event_stamp": "2015-08-29T13:27:51",
"id_user": "usr_55dcf0b42d06c",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30024
},
{
"id": "dso_55e1b3f9ace16",
"name": "surface dyslexia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "surface dyslexia is a reading impairment that can be acquired or developmental. It results from a deficit in the lexical route for word reading. As a result, the reader needs to rely on the sublexical for reading, reading by converting each letter or group of letters (grapheme) to a sound (phoneme). Surface dyslexia is characterised by slow reading (because reading via grapheme-to-phoneme conversion is slower than reading via the lexical route); it is also characterised by incorrect reading aloud of irregular words (such as talk, sure, none, and comb). ",
"event_stamp": "2015-08-29T13:30:33",
"id_user": "usr_55dcf0b42d06c",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30025
},
{
"id": "dso_579651a7e2604",
"name": "Mild Cognitive Impairment",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate clinical state between normal cognitive aging and dementia, and it precedes and leads to dementia in many cases. The concept of MCI is new, evolving, and somewhat controversial, but there is rough consensus as to its clinical definition and prognosis.\r\nCriteria include the presence of subjective complaints of gradual memory loss over at least 6 months reported by the patient or family members, with objective evidence of memory loss demonstrated on clinical memory tests. There has to be general preservation of other cognitive domains (Nasreddine et al. 2005).",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-25T17:51:35",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30026
},
{
"id": "dso_5798cf99cfaa3",
"name": "ideational apraxia (conceptual apraxia)",
"classification": null,
"definition": "Patients have an inability to conceptualize a task and impaired ability to complete multi-step actions. Consists of an inability to select and carry out an appropriate motor program. For example, the patient may complete actions in incorrect orders, such as buttering bread before putting it in the toaster, or putting on shoes before putting on socks. There is also a loss of ability to voluntarily perform a learned task when given the necessary objects or tools. For instance, if given a screwdriver, the patient may try to write with it as if it were a pen, or try to comb his hair with a toothbrush.",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-27T15:13:29",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30027
},
{
"id": "dso_5798d1ed9bd8f",
"name": "constructional apraxia",
"classification": null,
"definition": "The inability to draw or construct simple configurations, such as intersecting shapes.",
"event_stamp": "2016-07-27T15:23:25",
"id_user": "usr_579611e01221d",
"is_a": null,
"id_protocol": "NOID",
"is_a_fulltext": null,
"is_a_protocol": null,
"ID(c)": 30028
},
{
"id": "trm_4fba85a597ca9",
"name": "delayed memory task",
"definition_text": "a number between 2 and 7 digits is displayed for a brief period and is followed by a greater period of time than that in its complement, the immediate memory task, that contains distractor stimuli.",
"alias": "DMT",
"ID(c)": 23637
},
{
"id": "trm_565a31fa6f444",
"name": "regulated heat stimulation",
"definition_text": "The general task design is that a heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale. For this task, there are 9 runs. Runs 1,2, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9 are âpassive experienceâ runs, meaning that participants passively experience and rate the heat stimuli. Run 3 and 7 are âregulationâ runs, meaning that participants can cognitively âincreaseâ (regulate-up) or âdecreaseâ (regulate-down) pain intensity. For complete details, see:\r\n\r\nhttp://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002036",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23638
},
{
"id": "trm_5667451917a34",
"name": "2-stage decision task",
"definition_text": "Subjects participate in a two-stage decision task where they make a binary choice in each stage (stage 1&2) and probabilistically receive reward after the final stage (stage 2). First-stage choices are primarily associated with one of two second-stages (labeled 2a and 2b): one first-stage choice leads to 2a 70% of the time and 2b 30% of the time, while the opposite is true of the other first-stage choice. Each second-stage choice has its own probability of reward (constantly changing via a random-walk). The ultimate goal of the subject is to maximize reward, which are only given during the second stage. The ideal subject would identify the most rewarding second-stage stimulus and make first-stage choices that make it more likely to arrive at the relevant second stage. ",
"alias": "two-stage decision task",
"ID(c)": 23639
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b6d",
"name": "backward masking",
"definition_text": "a phenomenon wherein presenting one stimulus (a "mask" or "masking stimulus") immediately after another brief (⤠50 ms) "target" stimulus leads to a failure to consciously perceive the first stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23640
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2af083332",
"name": "size match task",
"definition_text": "participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are the same size",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23641
},
{
"id": "trm_56674133b666c",
"name": "adaptive n-back task",
"definition_text": "A variant of the n-back task, each trial consists of letters (b,d,g,t,v) presented in successive order. Subjects must press a button if the current letter matches the letter that occurred n trials ago (regardless of capitalization). N varies according to a staircase tracking method that increases as subjects accurately respond and decrease as subjects make errors. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23642
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2c18e1dd9",
"name": "object decision task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown pictures and asked to identify whether the object could be real or is unreal",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23643
},
{
"id": "trm_565a2e79b22f2",
"name": "incentive modulated antisaccade task",
"definition_text": "The basic antisaccade task is as follows:\r\n\r\nSubjects view a fixation point and a visual target is presented. Subjects are instructed to make a saccade away from the target (antisaccade).\r\n\r\nFor this version (from Figure 1 of http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929311000612)\r\n\r\nAt the onset of each AS trial, participants were first presented with one of two incentive cues (1500 ms) (Fig. 1). For rewarded trials, the cue consisted of three rectangles containing dollar signs ($ $ $), indicating that money could be earned on that trial if correctly performed. Participants were told that they could win up to US $25 based on their performance during the task. However, they did not know how much they could win on any given trial in order to prevent them from keeping a running tally of their earnings and invoking processes (i.e. working memory) separate from inhibitory control and reward processing. For neutral trials, the three consecutive rectangles each contained a dash (â â â), which indicated that no monetary gain was at stake for that trial. After the initial cue, a central red fixation cross subtending â¼0.7° of visual angle appeared (3000 ms), instructing participants to prepare for the target stimulus. The red central fixation then disappeared and a horizontally peripheral target stimulus (yellow spot, subtending â¼0.5°) appeared (1500 ms) at an unpredictable location on the horizontal meridian (±3°, 6°, or 9°). Participants were instructed to refrain from looking at the stimulus when it appeared but instead move their eyes to its mirror location. Target location was randomized within each run. During the VGS trials, participants were presented with a green fixation cross (1500 ms) which instructed them to look toward the peripheral stimulus when it appeared. No incentive cue was provided for VGS trials. The VGS trials were randomly interspersed between the AS trials to minimize the possibility that participants would establish an inhibitory response set (Velanova et al., 2009), but were not further analyzed. As indicated in previous studies, (Ollinger et al., 2001b and Ollinger et al., 2001a), the inter-trial fixation period was jittered between intervals of 1.5, 3, or 4.5 s (uniformly distributed) and consisted of participants simply fixating a central white cross on a black background. Participants performed three functional runs of the task (5 min 2 s each in duration) for a total of 30 reward AS trials, 30 neutral AS trials and 15 VGS trials.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23644
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b964d3ec",
"name": "overlapping figures task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to identify all the objects in pictures containing overlapping figures",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23645
},
{
"id": "trm_4fb4175126374",
"name": "meditation task",
"definition_text": "Participants perform meditation either according to a particular school or undirected in conjunction with cognitive, behavioral, and/or physiological measures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23646
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3d7",
"name": "trace conditioning",
"definition_text": "a form of classical conditioning in which the presentation of the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus is separated in time by an interstimulus interval.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23647
},
{
"id": "trm_50b40bca8cf83",
"name": "Hungry Donkey Task",
"definition_text": "The Hungry Donkey Task is a version of Bechera's Iowa Gambling Task for children; it is a test in the areas of cognition & emotion that was originally developed to assist in detecting decision-making impairment in patients with prefrontal cortex damage. The experiment is often computerized and is carried out in real time and resembles real-world contingencies. A donkey chooses from four doors, each with a cost or reward in apples. The objective is to give the donkey the most apples possible. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23648
},
{
"id": "trm_5667436296862",
"name": "image monitoring",
"definition_text": "Subjects are serially presented 3 different images (colored squares). Subjects must monitor the repetitions of these images and press a button when any image reaches 4 repetitions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23649
},
{
"id": "trm_5667441c338a7",
"name": "2nd-order rule acquisition",
"definition_text": "In this task, subjects are presented with 18 stimuli composed of three dimensions: 3 shapes, 3 orientations and 2 colored borders. Subjects had to learn one of three key responses for each of the 18 stimuli. In the "flat" condition, the 18 stimuli to 3 responses mapping was arbitrary, requiring subjects to individually learn each of the 18 associations. In a hierarchical condition, the colored borders indicated whether "orientation" or "shape" determined the response. This simplifies performance if subjects learn this hierarchical structure.",
"alias": "2nd-order decision task, second-order rule acquisition",
"ID(c)": 23650
},
{
"id": "trm_50b55d8a6da00",
"name": "PEBL Perceptual Vigilance Task",
"definition_text": "This task measures sustained attention and reaction time. A light blinks randomly and the subject is asked to press a button when the they see it. The focus is not on how quickly the subject notices the light, but how often the subject doesn't notice the light. It is often used to study the effects of sleep deprivation and sleep debt. ",
"alias": "PPVT, psychomotor vigilance task, PVT",
"ID(c)": 23651
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b4bb165c",
"name": "orientation match task",
"definition_text": "participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are shown with the same orientation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23652
},
{
"id": "trm_4af89b3a925ca",
"name": "Vandenberg & Kuse Tasks",
"definition_text": "Paper and pencil Test of mental rotation ability. Participants must are presented with four 3-D block figures and must select 2 from the group which match a reference figure. This test is administered under time contraints. A male advantage is typically seen on this type of task, as measured by test accuracy.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23653
},
{
"id": "trm_4b1968619b00b",
"name": "color-word stroop task",
"definition_text": "A task in which single words (including names of colors) are presented in colored ink, and the subject is asked to name the color of the ink as quickly as possible. The ink color may either match or conflict with the color name. Accuracy and response time are measured.",
"alias": "Stroop color-word task, Stroop color-word interference task, Stroop color naming task",
"ID(c)": 23654
},
{
"id": "trm_4b4a537644d76",
"name": "Penn continuous performance task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with a stream of letters, and must respond to one of the letters and refrain from responding to any other letters. The Penn Continuous Performance Test (PCPT) uses a standard CPT paradigm. The participant responds to a set of 7-segment displays presented 1/sec., whenever they form a digit (NUMBERS, initial 3 min) or letter (LETTERS, next 3 min). The number of true positive responses is recorded as the accuracy score and the median response time for true positive responses is the measure of attention speed.",
"alias": "PCPT",
"ID(c)": 23655
},
{
"id": "trm_4b65e5e2ab3ca",
"name": "word-picture verification task",
"definition_text": "is an experimental paradigm where a picture of an object is presented along with either an auditory or written word and participants indicate whether the word and the picture refer to the same concept. It is typically used as a test of semantic memory integrity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23656
},
{
"id": "trm_4b7497a289534",
"name": "block design test",
"definition_text": "the block design test is a subtest of perceptual reasoning index of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV. The block design test measures spatial perception, visual abstract processing, and problem solving.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23657
},
{
"id": "trm_4b749b8829eee",
"name": "embedded figures test",
"definition_text": "In the embedded figures test, the research participant is shown a complex background figure and asked to describe it. After this, the participant is shown a target (such as the outline of a triangle) and asked to locate the target amid the background figure.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23658
},
{
"id": "trm_4b75ea4ddd896",
"name": "same-different task",
"definition_text": "A task which assesses shifting attention. In the computerized version of this task, three spaceships appear on a screen and the participant must determine if the spaceships are all different or all the same. The spaceships can differ in color, size, or shape type. There are three levels of difficulty. In the first level, the spaceships must all be identical to be considered the same. In the second level of difficulty, the spaceships are considered the same even if they only share two qualities, and in the third difficulty level, the spaceships only need to share one quality to be considered the same. Auditory feedback is given after each response notifying the child whether their answer was correct. ",
"alias": "same-different matching task",
"ID(c)": 23659
},
{
"id": "trm_4b843655d5d75",
"name": "chimeric animal Stroop task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are shown pictures of chimeric animals (such as a duck's head attached to a cow's body) and asked to name animal that the head belongs to while ignoring the identity of the body, or vice versa. ",
"alias": "chimerical animal Stroop test",
"ID(c)": 23660
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86c2e871b14",
"name": "rapid automatized naming test",
"definition_text": ""Participants are required to name, as rapidly as possible, items presented visually on a chart. Each chart contains five rows of 10 stimuli from a category of five items. Categories include colors, lowercase letters, digits, and common objects. The tests are scored for total number of errors and time in seconds taken to complete each chart." - (Meyer, Wood, Hart, & Felton 1998)",
"alias": "RAN",
"ID(c)": 23661
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86c473a7166",
"name": "underlining test",
"definition_text": "This test involves finding and underlining stimuli among other stimuli. There are four conditions of the test: finding and underlining letters among other letters, drawings among other drawings, real words among nonsense letter strings, and then specific nonsense words among others. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23662
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86c55f3d5df",
"name": "WISC-R Mazes",
"definition_text": "This task involves completing a series of increasingly complex mazes. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23663
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86dbcd8ff78",
"name": "rapid serial object transformation",
"definition_text": "A task where two sets of differently colored superimposed patterns of dots rotate in opposite directions. The participant is asked to pay attention to on set of dots. One of the sets of dots will then move across the screen and the participant must say which direction the dots are moving. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23664
},
{
"id": "trm_4b94affc43245",
"name": "Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence",
"definition_text": "The WASI meets the demand for a reliable, brief measure of intellectual ability in clinical, educational and research settings for ages 6 to 89 years. With parallel forms of WAIS-IIIUK and WISC-IIIUK subtests, it offers the clinician a means of reducing practice effects on repeat testing. It yields traditional verbal, performance and full scale IQ scores and is linked to the WISC-IIIUK and WAIS-IIIUK. The WASI allows you to choose whether to use the four or two subtest format.",
"alias": "WASI",
"ID(c)": 23665
},
{
"id": "trm_4b94b12bf0eb2",
"name": "Wechsler Memory Scale Fourth Edition",
"definition_text": "Areas of Assessment\r\n\r\nUpdated Test Structure\r\n\r\nThe WMS-IV has had significant changes to the overall test structure. Based on feedback from customers, we are introducing four new subtests and modifying three existing subtests.\r\n\r\n4 subtests were added:\r\n\r\n * Spatial Addition\r\n * Symbol Span\r\n * Design Memory\r\n * General Cognitive Screener\r\n\r\n3 subtests retained with modifications:\r\n\r\n * Logical Memory\r\n Although the stories remain the same as seen in WMS-III for ages 16-69 years old, the repetition trial for Story B has been dropped to increase the consistency with previous editions. For the older age range of 65-90 years old, a new story was developed with content more relevant. The story is shorter and repeated once to enable adequate floor through age 90. You can obtain immediate versus delay and recognition versus delay contrast scores.\r\n * Verbal Paired Associates\r\n It now includes a combination of difficult and easy items. For the younger age group (16-69 years) there are 14 items of which 10 are hard. For the older age group (65-90 years), there are 10 items of which six are hard. Delayed Free Recall Trial has been added while Recognition Trial has increased its level of difficulty. You can obtain immediate versus delay and recognition versus delay contrast scores.\r\n * Visual Reproduction\r\n While following the same structure and format as seen in WMS-III, there have been a few changes to the subtest. Recognition Trial has been shortened and scoring has been improved. Based on Munro Cullumâs research, scoring is easier and faster than previously experienced and emphasizes recall with less focus on drawing accuracy. You can obtain immediate versus delay and recognition versus delay contrast scores.\r\n\r\n8 subtests were eliminated:\r\n\r\n * Information & Orientation\r\n * Spatial Span\r\n * Mental Control\r\n * Faces\r\n * Digit Span\r\n * Family Pictures\r\n * Letter Number\r\n * Word List (CVLT-II can be entered int",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23666
},
{
"id": "trm_4b9568b2865c2",
"name": "MicroCog",
"definition_text": "a commercially developed computerized assessment battery designed to detect early signs of cognitive impairment",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23667
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e0a9576c3b",
"name": "letter number sequencing",
"definition_text": "a task that requires the reordering of an initially unordered set of letters and numbers",
"alias": "letter-number sequencing",
"ID(c)": 23668
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e0add96550",
"name": "oculomotor delayed response",
"definition_text": "a task that requires an eye movement to be made to a cued location after a delay",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23669
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d10cd776e",
"name": "operation span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are asked to perform a simple mathematical verification (e.g., 4/2 +1 = 3) and then read a word, with a recall test following some number of those verify/read pairs. The maximum number of words that can be recalled is the "operation span".",
"alias": "OSPAN",
"ID(c)": 23670
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d168898db",
"name": "reading span task",
"definition_text": "A task that requires participants to read series of unconnected sentences aloud and to remember the final word of each sentence of a series (grouped according to the total number of sentences). With each sentence presented on a card, participants were cued to recall the memorized end-of-sentence words in their original order by a blank card at the end of a series. The number of sentences of a series was incrementally increased until a participant's reading span, or the maximum number of final words correctly recalled, was found. (From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_span_task)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23671
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d1d16071e",
"name": "listening span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects must listen to a set of sentences and remember the last word in the sentence. The number of words that can be recalled is the "listening span." ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23672
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d2a93ea15",
"name": "AX-CPT task",
"definition_text": "A version of the continuous performance task in which subjects are told to make one response for the letter X when it was preceded by the letter A, and another response for all other stimuli. AX trials are "target trials"; in these types of trials a valid cue is followed by a valid probe. The 3 other trial types are "Non-target trials" in which either a valid cue is followed by an invalid probe ("AY" type trials) or an invalid cue is followed by either a valid or invalid probe ("BX" or "BY" probes, respectively). ",
"alias": "Continuous performance Test - AX version",
"ID(c)": 23673
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d325977f0",
"name": "self ordered pointing task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a set of stimuli is presented, and subjects must point to one stimulus at a time, without ever pointing at the same stimulus twice.",
"alias": "self ordered pointing task, SOPT",
"ID(c)": 23674
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d4054f38b",
"name": "keep-track task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are first shown a set of categories to keep track of for a particular trial (e.g., animals, colors, and countries). They are then presented with words (including words from each category), and must remember the last word that was presented from each of the categories and recall those words at the end of the trial. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23675
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8989e1f3df7",
"name": "acupuncture task",
"definition_text": "subjects are monitored for their cognitive, behavioral, and/or physiological responses to stimulation with filamentous needles",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23676
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898a20eb254",
"name": "braille reading task",
"definition_text": "Blind subjects read Braille words with their finger(s).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23677
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898a680e424",
"name": "breath-holding",
"definition_text": "The subject is cued to breathe in and then hold their breath for an extended period of time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23678
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898a8fd3afb",
"name": "chewing/swallowing",
"definition_text": "Subjects chew an oral stimulus that is not food (e.g., gum) or swallow their own saliva. If the oral stimulus is food or liquid that is swallowed, then the correct paradigm class is eating/drinking",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23679
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898acd1f28e",
"name": "pavlovian conditioning task",
"definition_text": "participants encounter a stimulus (designated the "conditional stimulus" or CS and being one without inherent significance) is paired with an unconditional stimulus or US, so named because it is biologically significant (e.g. food, sex, drug, pain), so that the participant responds to the former in a way that conveys his or her association of the two; subtypes of classical conditioning vary the temporal relationship between the CS and US.",
"alias": "classical conditioning task",
"ID(c)": 23680
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b02722d2",
"name": "Counting/Calculation",
"definition_text": "Subjects count, add, subtract, multiply, or divide various stimuli (numbers, bars, dots, etc).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23681
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b29660b0",
"name": "cued explicit recognition",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a list of items (words, pictures, sounds, or abstract patterns) prior to scanning. During scanning, probe words are presented and subject recall if the words are familiar or unfamiliar.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23682
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b4b463aa",
"name": "deception task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are asked to perform a task and either lie or be truthful in their responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23683
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b8c2d071",
"name": "deductive reasoning task",
"definition_text": "Participants generate or evaluate conclusions based on given or well-known premises.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23684
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898bbab4fd4",
"name": "divided auditory attention",
"definition_text": "During the performance of an unrelated task, subjects simultaneously respond to auditory stimuli (tone or word discrimination, with or without distractors). Also often co-coded with Tone Monitor/Discrimination.",
"alias": "divided attention test",
"ID(c)": 23685
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898be57fcbc",
"name": "drawing",
"definition_text": "Subjects draw lines, circles, or drawings using a pen or stylus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23686
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898c0786246",
"name": "eating/drinking",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23687
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898c33ee5f8",
"name": "encoding task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view stimuli (words, pictures, letters) and are instructed to memorize them.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23688
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898c8bf1b4f",
"name": "episodic recall",
"definition_text": "Subjects recall items from episodic memory (autobiographical history, long-term event memories). This class is commonly used in generating a type of emotion linked to a specific memory. This class does NOT include tasks which probe semantic memory (memory of facts or concepts) in which subjects are asked to recall stimuli that were memorized prior to scanning - those are coded as Cued Explicit Recognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23689
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898cb4ada49",
"name": "face monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with human faces and are instructed to view them passively or discriminate according to their order, gender, location, emotion, or appearance. If the subjects view the faces passively, then the experiment is NOT co-coded with Passive Viewing.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23690
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898da401420",
"name": "film viewing",
"definition_text": "Subjects view movie or film clips passively or are required to make a discrimination when the clip is over.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23691
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898f079d05e",
"name": "finger tapping task",
"definition_text": "Subjects tap their fingers according to a visual, auditory, or no cue.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23692
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898f72228f3",
"name": "fixation task",
"definition_text": "Subjects fixate on a visual target.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23693
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898f8f297ac",
"name": "flashing checkerboard",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a flashing checkerboard.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23694
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898fad429ed",
"name": "flexion/extension",
"definition_text": "Subjects move (flex and extend) their hands, arms, legs, feet, lips, tongue, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23695
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898fc6722f4",
"name": "free word list recall",
"definition_text": "Participants view a list of words and after a delay are asked to freely recall the words presented.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23696
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898ff0bea97",
"name": "grasping task",
"definition_text": "Subjects grasped or gripped a presented stimulus with their hand or mimicked grasping one that was not physically presented (i.e., was imaginary or presented as a picture or video).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23697
},
{
"id": "trm_4c899005b11d5",
"name": "imagined movement",
"definition_text": "Subjects imagine performing some movement (e.g., finger tapping, reaching).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23698
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89903149aeb",
"name": "imagined objects/scenes",
"definition_text": "Subject generate vivid images of objects, places, concepts, hypothetical events (not in their past), or the completion of tasks.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23699
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990480ad0f",
"name": "isometric force",
"definition_text": "Subjects use their hands or fingers to apply isometric force or complete a precision grip task.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23700
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990810541d",
"name": "mental rotation task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view visual stimuli (2D or 3D) and determine whether and to what extent they are rotated between trials.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23701
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89909cc1f33",
"name": "micturition task",
"definition_text": "Subjects think about voiding urine, provide urine samples, or keep a micturition diary.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23702
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990b07a037",
"name": "music comprehension/production",
"definition_text": "Subjects listen to music passively or are asked to sing overtly.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23703
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990c87035d",
"name": "naming (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them silently",
"alias": "covert naming task, covert production task",
"ID(c)": 23704
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990e187dc7",
"name": "naming (overt)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them aloud.",
"alias": "overt naming task, reading aloud task",
"ID(c)": 23705
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990f59266f",
"name": "non-painful electrical stimulation",
"definition_text": "Subjects are electrically stimulated below pain threshold.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23706
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89910b7f8bc",
"name": "non-painful thermal stimulation",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience thermal stimulation (heat) below pain threshold.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23707
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89912c79030",
"name": "olfactory monitoring/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with odors and are instructed to smell them passively or to discriminate according to some feature (pleasant/unpleasant, strong/weak, same/different, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23708
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89913f80802",
"name": "orthographic discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view letters and discriminate according to some feature (uppercase/lowercase, alphabetic order, same/different spelling of words, vowel/consonant, font size, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23709
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8991c5beb0a",
"name": "pain monitor/discrimination task",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience thermal or electrical stimulation at a painful threshold.",
"alias": "pain judgment task",
"ID(c)": 23710
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8991e6e8597",
"name": "paired associate recall",
"definition_text": "Subjects are shown paired stimuli prior to the task. During the task, subjects are shown a single stimuli and are asked to recall the associated pair. Stimuli may be words, faces, objects, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23711
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8991fadfe01",
"name": "passive listening",
"definition_text": "Subjects listen to various auditory stimuli and make no response. Stimuli include speech (words, sentences), noise, tones, etc. If the stimulus is tones, then the experiment is co-coded with Tone Monitor/Discrimination.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23712
},
{
"id": "trm_4c899211a965c",
"name": "passive viewing",
"definition_text": "Subjects view various visual stimuli and make no response. Stimuli include houses, faces, objects, fractals, letter strings, line drawings, complex scenes, etc. If the presented stimuli were faces, the experiments are co-coded with Face Monitor/Discrimination. But if the presented stimuli are words, the experiments are not coded as passive viewing but rather as reading (covert).",
"alias": "passive watching",
"ID(c)": 23713
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89922cb6402",
"name": "phonological discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view or listen to phonemes, syllables, or words and discriminate according to some feature of their sounds (rhyming, number of syllables, homophones, etc.).",
"alias": "phonological decision task",
"ID(c)": 23714
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89924414c69",
"name": "pitch/monitor discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with various stimuli (human speech and non-speech vocalizations, animal vocalization, mechanical noise, etc.) and are instructed to listen to them passively (also co-coded with Passive Listening), or discriminate based on pitch (pleasant/unpleasant, same/different, duration, familiar/unfamiliar, male/female).",
"alias": "pitch discrimination task",
"ID(c)": 23715
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89926767870",
"name": "pointing task",
"definition_text": "Subjects look and point at a target (e.g. cursor with their arm, hand, finger, or shoulder).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23716
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a82ba8a538",
"name": "reading (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view words, pseudo-words, Asian characters, phrases, or sentences and read them silently.",
"alias": "covert reading task, silent reading task, silent production task",
"ID(c)": 23717
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a82eeaa58f",
"name": "reading (overt)",
"definition_text": "subjects view words, pseudo-words, logograms, phrases, or sentences and read them aloud.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23718
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a830dec136",
"name": "recitation/repetition (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects silently repeat or recite phonemes, words, or well-known text (nursery rhymes, Pledge of Allegiance, months of the year, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23719
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a8329cb8ff",
"name": "recitation/repetition (overt)",
"definition_text": "Subjects repeat or recite phonemes, words, or well-known text (nursery rhymes, Pledge of Allegiance, months of the year, etc.) aloud.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23720
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a834779883",
"name": "rest eyes open",
"definition_text": "Subjects rest passively with their eyes open. Often used as a baseline for comparison for other tasks.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23721
},
{
"id": "trm_50f72e93ea9e3",
"name": "Motor Screening Task",
"definition_text": "The Motor Screening Task is typically administered at the beginning of a battery, and serves as a simple introduction to the touch screen for the participant. If a participant is unable to comply with the simple requirements of this task it is unlikely that they will be able to complete other tasks successfully. This task therefore screens for visual, movement and comprehension difficulties.",
"alias": "(MOT)",
"ID(c)": 23722
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a83cac75f5",
"name": "sequence recall/learning",
"definition_text": "Subjects learn and/or perform a complex sequence of finger tapping, button pressing, pointing/clicking, or various other motor responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23723
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a83f27ac55",
"name": "spatial location/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view shapes or other stimuli (letters, pictures, numbers, or arrows) and discriminate according to their location, orientation, or size.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23724
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a840d6f969",
"name": "subjective emotional picture discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view pictures and are instructed to respond to emotional pictures, to indicate which pictures are pleasant/unpleasant or funny/not funny, or rate the valence of emotional pictures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23725
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a842512a33",
"name": "syntactic discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects viewed grammatically correct and incorrect sentences and discriminate according to their grammar. This class also includes morphosyntactic tasks such as gender discrimination of words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23726
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a843d8d352",
"name": "tactile monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience tactile/somatosensory stimulation and are asked to attend passively or discriminate according to some feature (shape, texture, same/different, frequency of presentation, etc.) Also includes: subjects are presented with 3-dimensional objects and are asked to manipulate them in their hands and probe their features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23727
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a8467304e2",
"name": "theory of mind task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are asked to perform a task involving the understanding of another's personal beliefs and feelings or forming hypotheses regarding the mental states of others.",
"alias": "TOM task",
"ID(c)": 23728
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84825c4e4",
"name": "tone monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with tones and are instructed to listen to them passively (also coded as passive listening) or discriminate according to their order, timing, pitch, frequency, or amplitude.",
"alias": "tone discrimination task, tone monitoring task",
"ID(c)": 23729
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84afdd863",
"name": "vibrotactile monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience vibrotactile stimulation to the hand, finger, arm, toe, or lip.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23730
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84d4c4157",
"name": "video games",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23731
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84f20dde2",
"name": "visual attention task",
"definition_text": "This category is a catch-all for visuoattention paradigms. Examples include: subjects press a button when a visual target (letters, bars, circles, asterisks, LEDs, etc) appears; subjects detect changes in luminance, shape, or color of visual stimuli; subjects fixate on a central stimuli while ignoring peripheral distractors. Also includes cued, attention shift, and divided attention paradigms.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23732
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a85534241d",
"name": "visual pursuit/tracking",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a moving target(s) and track its movement across the screen. Frequently, stimuli are moving dots.",
"alias": "tracking task",
"ID(c)": 23733
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a8575d1e55",
"name": "whistling",
"definition_text": "participants are cued to inhale and to whistle at fixed intervals, usually during some measure of brain physiology",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23734
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a858da803d",
"name": "word stem completion (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view word stems and silently generate a word that completes the stem.",
"alias": "WSC",
"ID(c)": 23735
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a85a4564b2",
"name": "word stem completion (overt)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view word stems and overtly generate a word that completes the stem.",
"alias": "word stem completion task, WSC",
"ID(c)": 23736
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a85c5c75eb",
"name": "writing task",
"definition_text": "Subjects write letters or words with a pen, stylus, or their finger.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23737
},
{
"id": "trm_4cacee4a1d875",
"name": "mixed gambles task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with gambles in which they have a 50% chance of gaining some amount of money and a 50% chance of losing some other amount of money. The subject decides whether or not they would accept the gamble. The amount of the potential gain and loss are varied across trials. Gambles are not resolved during performance of the task; after the end of the task, some gambles are chosen at random and played for real money if they were accepted. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23738
},
{
"id": "trm_4cacf22a22d80",
"name": "Probabilistic classification task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a set of stimuli and must classify those stimuli into one of two categories. In a common version known as the "weather prediction task" the stimuli are cards with geometric shapes on them and the outcomes are rainy versus sunny weather. The feedback is probabilistic, and performance is measured by the proportion of statistically optimal responses.",
"alias": "probabilistic classification learning task, weather prediction task",
"ID(c)": 23739
},
{
"id": "trm_4cacf3fbc503b",
"name": "conditional stop signal task",
"definition_text": "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response, but only for a subset of possible responses. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23740
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb94981d",
"name": "action imitation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a participant sees another person perform an action and later performs the same action him/herself. Imitation can be immediate or delayed. It can be instructed or elicited implicitly (without the participant's conscious awareness). The actions imitated can be familar/meaningful actions or unfamilar/meaningless actions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23741
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949846",
"name": "action observation task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view images of actions in order to learn the action themselves. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23742
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949858",
"name": "adult attachment interview",
"definition_text": "Standardized interview used to assess developmental and attachment history. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23743
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949869",
"name": "antisaccade/prosaccade task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a fixation point and a visual target is presented. Subjects are instructed to make a saccade away from the target (antisaccade) or to the target (prosaccade).",
"alias": "antisaccade task",
"ID(c)": 23744
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949879",
"name": "rapid serial visual presentation task",
"definition_text": "attentional processing of a first stimulus interferes with and/or delays the allocation of attention to a second stimulus if the second is presented before the processing of the first has been completed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23745
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949889",
"name": "audio-visual target detection task",
"definition_text": "This task pairs auditory and visual stimuli. Participants are asked to indicate when the paired stimuli are presented in synchrony, or to identify the locations of the stimuli among distracting visual and auditory information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23746
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb94989b",
"name": "backward digit span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are presented with sequentially presented digits and are then asked to recall the items backwards. The number of digits that can be correctly recalled provides an estimate of working memory capacity.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23747
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498ab",
"name": "behavioral rating inventory of executive function",
"definition_text": "used for evaluating and planning treatment strategies for a wide spectrum of developmental and acquired neurological conditions, including learning disabilities, low birth weight, ADHD, Tourette's disorder, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Autism; consists of 8 non-overlapping clinical scales that form two broader indexes: Behavior Regulation (three scales) and Metacognition (five scales). A Global Executive Composite score is also produced; completed by parents and teachers, is suitable for children as young as 5 years old.",
"alias": "BRIEF",
"ID(c)": 23748
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498bc",
"name": "Benton facial recognition test",
"definition_text": "A tool used to assess deficits in facial recognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23749
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498ce",
"name": "Birmingham object recognition battery",
"definition_text": "a set of standardized procedures for assessing neuropsychological disorders of visual object recognition which includes tests to assess low-level aspects of visual perception (using same-different matching of basic perceptual features, such as orientation, length, position and object size), intermediate visual processes (e.g., matching objects different in viewpoint), access to stored perceptual knowledge about objects (object decision), access to semantic knowledge (function and associative matches) and access to names from object (picture naming).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23750
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498df",
"name": "block tapping test",
"definition_text": "tool used for assessment of visual short-term memory and implicit visual-spatial learning. An examiner taps a series of blocks and the subject must repeat in the correct sequential order. If the sequence is correct, the examiner adds another tap to the next sequence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23751
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498ef",
"name": "boston naming test",
"definition_text": "assesses the ability to name pictures of objects through spontaneous responses and need for various types of cueing, inferences can be drawn regarding language facility and possible localization of cerebral damage.",
"alias": "BNT",
"ID(c)": 23752
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949900",
"name": "California Verbal Learning Test-II",
"definition_text": "A comprehensive and detailed assessment of verbal learning and memory available for older adolescents and adults. In addition to recall and recognition scores, it measures encoding strategies, learning rates, error types, and other process data.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23753
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949912",
"name": "Cambridge Face Memory Test",
"definition_text": "a test with high reliability and validity that assesses the ability to learn and then recognize six new faces.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23754
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949923",
"name": "category fluency test",
"definition_text": "a psychological test in which participants have to say as many words as possible from a category in a given time (usually 60 seconds), this category can be semantic, such as animals or fruits, or phonemic, such as words that begin with letter p.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23755
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949934",
"name": "choice reaction time task",
"definition_text": "Choice reaction time tasks require distinct responses for each possible class of stimulus. For example, the subject might be asked to press one button if a red light appears and a different button if a yellow light appears.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23756
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499a8",
"name": "Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-3",
"definition_text": "3rd edition of an assessment used to evaluate the nature and extent of language difficulties in school children and adolescents.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23757
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499b8",
"name": "color-discrimination task",
"definition_text": "is a behavioral task where a subject is to make specific responses when presented with particular colors. The responses to the various colors are then evaluated to see if the subject was able to discern between different colors. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23758
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499c7",
"name": "continuous recognition paradigm",
"definition_text": "In the continuous recognition paradigm, study and test phases are not separate entities, but rather, items are continuously presented and the participant is instructed to respond to an item as "old" if it has been seen before (generally presented a second time) in this continual stream of item presentation. Items that were correctly called "old" are the subsequently remembered trials, and items that were "missed" (not called old upon second presentation) make up the subsequently forgotten trials. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23759
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499d5",
"name": "cups task",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants choose between a risky and safe option. Each trial involves either gains or losses. The options are presented as a choice of cups. The risky option involves two to five cups, one containing a gain (loss) of $2, $3 or $5, and the others containing $0. If the latter option is selected, the payoff from one cup is selected at random. The safe cup offers a sure gain (loss) $1.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23760
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499e3",
"name": "delayed match to sample task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view an item(s). After a brief delay a probe item is presented and subjects are asked to recall if the probe item was presented before the delay (during encoding). Stimuli can be words, pictures, or abstract patterns. ",
"alias": "dms task, delayed matching to sample task",
"ID(c)": 23761
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499f1",
"name": "delayed nonmatch to sample task",
"definition_text": "A task in which an target is presented and then removed from view. This target must be maintained in working memory for a delay, after which it is presented with non-target(s). The participant's task is to identify the non-target.",
"alias": "DNMS task, delayed nonmatching to sample task",
"ID(c)": 23762
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499ff",
"name": "delayed recall test",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are given information to remember (list of words or paragraph) and which they are asked to reproduce after some span of time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23763
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a0d",
"name": "digit span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are presented with sequentially presented digits and are then asked to recall the items. The number of digits that can be correctly recalled provides an estimate of working memory capacity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23764
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a25",
"name": "digit/symbol coding test",
"definition_text": "a neuropsychological test sensitive to brain damage, dementia, age and depression; consists of (e.g. nine) digit-symbol pairs (e.g. 1/-,2/â´ ... 7/Î,8/X,9/=) followed by a list of digits. Under each digit the subject should write down the corresponding symbol as fast as possible. The number of correct symbols within the allowed time (e.g. 90 or 120 sec) is measured.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23765
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a33",
"name": "doors and people test",
"definition_text": "Doors and People is a test of long-term memory. It yields a single age-scaled overall score which can be âunpackedâ to give separate measures of visual and verbal memory, recall and recognition, and forgetting.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23766
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a41",
"name": "Edinburgh Handedness Inventory",
"definition_text": "a measurement scale used to assess the dominance of a person's right or left hand in everyday activities. It consists of a questionnaire with 10 activities listed (writing, drawing, throwing, using scissors, using a toothbrush, using a knife without a fork, using a spoon, the upper hand when using a broom, striking a match, and opening the lid of a box). Participants must indicate which hand they would use, and the strength of this preference (strong, less strong, indifferent).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23767
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a4f",
"name": "Eriksen flanker task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants view stimuli (typically arrows) presented one at a time and to which they must make a simple lexical response. These stimuli are surrounded by either distracting or facilitating items. Distracting items are typically associated with an opposite response ("incongruent" = pointing in opposite direction to target stimulus), whereas facilitating items are typically associated with the same response as the target stimulus ("congruent" = pointing in the same direction as the target stimulus).",
"alias": "flanker task, NIH Toolbox Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test",
"ID(c)": 23768
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a5d",
"name": "extradimensional shift task",
"definition_text": "A task in which multiple (typically two) stimuli are presented simultaneously and the subject must select the stimulus that matches the currently relevant rule. The relevant rule alternates or "shifts" among multiple (typically two) rules. The rule represents the relevant task "dimension". The stimulus-response mappings are unique and constant within each possible rule dimension.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23769
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a6a",
"name": "face n-back task",
"definition_text": "Task in which face stimuli are presented one at a time in a continuous stream, and the objective is to detect when the current face matches the face presented n previously (1,2, or 3 faces before).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23770
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a78",
"name": "Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence",
"definition_text": "a standard instrument for assessing the intensity of physical addiction to nicotine.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23771
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a85",
"name": "forward digit span task",
"definition_text": "A method of short-term memory measurement in which a person listens to someone say a series of single-digit numbers and must repeat them back in the same order they were given.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23772
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a93",
"name": "go/no-go task",
"definition_text": "A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants perform a binary decision on each stimulus. One of the outcomes requires participants to make a motor response (go), whereas the other requires participants to withhold a response (no-go). Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each event. Go events typically occur with higher frequency than no-go events. ",
"alias": "go/nogo task",
"ID(c)": 23773
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949aa1",
"name": "Gray Oral Reading Test - 4",
"definition_text": "Measures growth in oral reading and aids in the diagnosis of oral reading difficulties. Five scores provide information on oral reading skills in terms of: Rate, accuracy, fluency, comprehension, overall reading ability, and comprehension. The test consists of two parallel forms, each containing 14 developmentally sequenced reading passages with five comprehension questions following each passage.",
"alias": "GORT-4",
"ID(c)": 23774
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949aae",
"name": "Hooper visual organization test",
"definition_text": "a neuropsychological test of visual spatial ability that presents participants with a line drawing of a common object that has been broken into fragments, and asks participants to name what the object would be if reassembled.",
"alias": "VOT",
"ID(c)": 23775
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949abc",
"name": "immediate recall test",
"definition_text": "involves presenting a subject with material that is to be memorized. Once the material is removed the subject is to immediately demonstrate everything that they remember from the material.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23776
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949aca",
"name": "International Affective Picture System",
"definition_text": "a database of photographs used in emotion research.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23777
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ad7",
"name": "intradimensional shift task",
"definition_text": "A task in which multiple (typically two) stimuli are presented simultaneously and the subject must select the stimulus that matches the currently relevant rule. The rule represents the relevant task "dimension". The stimulus-response mappings within this dimension alternate or "shift" among multiple (typically two) alternatives. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23778
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ae5",
"name": "Iowa Gambling Task",
"definition_text": "a widely used experiment in the areas of cognition & emotion that was originally developed to assist in detecting decision-making impairment in patients with prefrontal cortex damage; a computerized experiment that is carried out in real time and resembles real-world contingencies. The task allows participants to select cards from four decks displayed on-screen. Participants are instructed that the selection of each card will result in winning or losing money. The objective is to attempt to win as much money as possible. (from http://iowagamblingtask.com/)\r\n\r\nOn each trial, participants select a card from one of four decks; two âbadâ decks offer a higher reward on most trials but also higher possible loss and lower overall expected value, whereas two âgoodâ decks offer a lower reward on most trials but lower possible loss and higher expected value. Participants learn the nature of the decks through trial-and- error. In some versions of the task, the probabilities are not stationary.",
"alias": "Bechara's gambling task",
"ID(c)": 23779
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949af3",
"name": "Ishihara plates for color blindness",
"definition_text": "a test for red-green color deficiencies that consists of a number of colored plates, called Ishihara plates, each of which contain a circle of dots appearing randomized in color and size. Within the pattern are dots which form a number visible to those with normal color vision and invisible, or difficult to see, for those with a red-green color vision defect.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23780
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b00",
"name": "Kanizsa figures",
"definition_text": "An ambiguous figure in which the illusory contour of a square (or triangle) appears in the middle of four (or three) truncated solid squares (or circles). It is an illustration of the perceptual ability to make sense of an incomplete figure by creating a 'whole' image from the separate elements (Gestalt organization).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23781
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b0e",
"name": "letter fluency test ",
"definition_text": "is a test that requires generation of words cued with a specific letter and depends on phonemic abilities.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23782
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b1c",
"name": "letter n-back task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants view a continuous stream of letter stimuli. The object of the task is to identify letter repetitions that occur n-trials preceding to the current stimulus.",
"alias": "LNB",
"ID(c)": 23783
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b2b",
"name": "letter naming task",
"definition_text": "Participants are presented with letters and asked to give the name for each letter as it appears or as the researcher points to it.",
"alias": "character naming task",
"ID(c)": 23784
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b38",
"name": "lexical decision task",
"definition_text": "a procedure used in many psychology and psycholinguistics experiments; the basic procedure involves measuring how quickly people classify stimuli as words or nonwords. Subjects are presented, either visually or auditorily, with a mixture of words and pseudowords (nonsense strings that respect the phonotactic rules of a language, like trud in English). Their task is to indicate, usually with a button-press, whether the presented stimulus is a word or not.",
"alias": "word/nonword task",
"ID(c)": 23785
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b46",
"name": "matching pennies game ",
"definition_text": "The game is played between two players, Player A and Player B. Each player has a penny and must secretly turn the penny to heads or tails. The players then reveal their choices simultaneously. If the pennies match (both heads or both tails), Player A receives one dollar from Player B (+1 for A, -1 for B). If the pennies do not match (one heads and one tails), Player B receives one dollar from Player A (-1 for A, +1 for B). This is an example of a zero-sum game, where one player's gain is exactly equal to the other player's loss.",
"alias": "matching pennies task",
"ID(c)": 23786
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b54",
"name": "Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory",
"definition_text": "assess obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the areas of contamination fears and washing behaviors, checking, slowness, and doubting using 30 dichotomously scored (true/false) items, with each pathological response receiving a score of 1. ",
"alias": "MOC, MOCI",
"ID(c)": 23787
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bb1",
"name": "Mini Mental State Examination",
"definition_text": "The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) or Folstein test is a brief 30-point questionnaire test that is used to screen for cognitive impairment. It is commonly used in medicine to screen for dementia. It is also used to estimate the severity of cognitive impairment at a given point in time and to follow the course of cognitive changes in an individual over time, thus making it an effective way to document an individual's response to treatment.",
"alias": "MMSE, Folstein test",
"ID(c)": 23788
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bbf",
"name": "motor sequencing task",
"definition_text": "Participants perform several motoric tasks in a specific sequence/order.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23789
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bcd",
"name": "n-back task",
"definition_text": "A task in which items (e.g., letters) are presented one at a time and participants must identify each item that repeats relative to the item that occurred "n" items before its onset.",
"alias": "0-back task, 1-back task, 2-back task, 3-back task",
"ID(c)": 23790
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bdb",
"name": "nine-hole peg test",
"definition_text": "a timed test of fine motor coordination; the test involves the subject placing 9 dowels in 9 holes. Subjects are scored on the amount of time it takes to place and remove all 9 pegs.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23791
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949be9",
"name": "object-discrimination task",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown pairs or sets of objects. Experimenters then try to discern whether the participant is able to discriminate between the objects. This can be done by having subjects match identical objects to each other, having certain objects become associated with rewards and measuring accuracy, or measuring time spent observing novel objects compared to time spent observing previously seen objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23792
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bf6",
"name": "oddball task",
"definition_text": "A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants must detect the presence of an oddball stimulus. The oddball is a stimulus that occurs infrequently relative to all other stimuli, and has distinct characteristics (e.g., a different tone among auditory stimuli).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23793
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949c04",
"name": "pantomime task",
"definition_text": "is when a subject is asked to explain an emotion or how an object is used by only gesturing with their hands and not using speech. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23794
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ce9",
"name": "Parrott Scale",
"definition_text": "a scale created for self-reporting of subjective states like stress, arousal, and pleasure in nicotine studies",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23795
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949cfb",
"name": "picture naming task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown pictures of objects and asked to identify the item.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23796
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d09",
"name": "Positive and Negative Affect Scale",
"definition_text": "A psychometric scale to measure positive and negative affects in individuals, and both as states and traits. Positive affect questions assess to what extent the participant is attentive, interested, alert, excited, enthusiastic, inspired, proud, determined, strong and active. Negative affect questions assess to what extent the participant is distressed, upset, hostile, irritable, scared, afraid, ashamed, guilty, nervous, and jittery. Participants answer questions on a Likert scale where 0=very, 1=slightly or not at all, 2=a little, 3=moderately, 4=quite a bit, and 5=very much. The questionnaire asks whether participants have felt these traits "during the past few weeks" (trait) and "during the past few days" (state).",
"alias": "PANAS",
"ID(c)": 23797
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d17",
"name": "Posner cueing task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view two stimuli (boxes, letters, etc.) and are cued by an arrow to attend to one of the stimuli. Subjects then discriminate and respond (e.g., press a button when one of the boxes is filled with a diagonal cross, or press the left button for an "X" and the right button for an "O"). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23798
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d25",
"name": "pseudoword naming task",
"definition_text": "Participants are presented (usually one at a time, rather than in list form) with words and pseudowords, which are strings of letters that have no meaning in the language but are still pronounceable and asked to read aloud what they see. In pseudoword choice or decision tasks, they are asked to identify whether the items are words or not.",
"alias": "pseudoword reading task",
"ID(c)": 23799
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d32",
"name": "pyramids and palm trees task",
"definition_text": "a semantic memory test that presents one word or picture above two others. The participant is then asked to identify which of the bottom items best matches the top item. Semantic memory is necessary for the identification of the analogies, which link conceptually two perceptually, and functionally distinct entities.",
"alias": "palmtrees and pyramids task",
"ID(c)": 23800
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d40",
"name": "recognition memory test",
"definition_text": "In a recognition memory test, a participant is presented with some or all of a set of "old" stimuli that were encoded earlier, as well as several "new" stimuli that were not previously presented. The participant's task is to indicate whether each stimulus is old or new. Responses in recognition memory tests are commonly sorted into four classes: Hits ("old" response to an old stimulus), Misses ("new" response to an old stimulus), False Alarms ("old" response to a new stimulus), and Correct Rejections ("new" response to a new stimulus). By comparing the percentage of responses that fall into each of these classes, the experimenter can assess both a participant's ability to discriminate between old and new stimuli, and his or her tendency to provide a particular response regardless of the type of stimulus presented. In many recognition memory tests, each old/new judgment is followed by a prompt asking participants to indicate either how confident they are in that old/new judgment, or what type of subjective experience was elicited by the stimulus being judged (e.g., was the old/new judgment accompanied by a vivid recollection of the encoding experience). This additional information can be used to generate and test more precise hypotheses about how recognition memory decisions are made.\r\n\r\nPattern Recognition Memory (PRM) is a specific recognition memory test included in the CANTAB. The participant is presented with a series of 12 visual patterns, one at a time, in the centre of the screen. These patterns are designed so that they cannot easily be given verbal labels. In the recognition phase, the participant is required to choose between a pattern they have already seen and a novel pattern. In this phase, the test patterns are presented in the reverse order to the original order of presentation.\r\nThis is then repeated, with 12 new patterns. The second recognition phase can be given either immediately or after a 20 minute delay.",
"alias": "(PRM), old-new recognition, pattern recognition memory",
"ID(c)": 23801
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d4e",
"name": "reversal learning task",
"definition_text": ""Reversal learning involves the adaptation of behavior according to changes in stimulusâreward contingencies [...] [Reversal learning]is exemplified by visual discrimination tasks where subjects must learn to respond according to the opposite, previously irrelevant, stimulusâreward pairing." - (Clark, Cools, & Robbins 2004)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23802
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d5b",
"name": "risky gains task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a sequence of three numbers in ascending order (20, 40, and 80). Each number is displayed onscreen for one second and, if the subject presses a button while that number is displayed, he/she receives that number of points along with immediate positive visual and auditory feedback. When a 40 or 80 appears, however, there is a chance that it will appear in an alternate color, along with immediate negative feedback signaling a loss of 40 or 80 points, respectively. When this occurs, the trial ends immediately (i.e. the subject may not make a response). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23803
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d69",
"name": "Salthouse and Babcock Listening Span task ",
"definition_text": "Participants listen to an experimenter read a set of sentences. The participant must simultaneously respond to comprehension questions, and record or remember the last word of each sentence. The measure of "listening span" is then the number of correct words recalled.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23804
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d76",
"name": "selective attention task",
"definition_text": "involves a participant to attend to a specific stimuli in the presence of competing stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23805
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d84",
"name": "semantic anomaly judgement task",
"definition_text": "Participants read or listen to sentences, then judge whether the sentence is plausible and makes sense semantically, or is implausible. Sentences may be structurally and gramatically correct, but the verb and noun are incompatible. Often, the structure or length of sentences varies to assess the role of working memory in any resulting deficit. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23806
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d92",
"name": "semantic association task",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown pairs of words or pictures and asked to identify if the items are semantically related.",
"alias": "semantic association judgment task",
"ID(c)": 23807
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d9f",
"name": "sentence completion test",
"definition_text": "a test that provides respondents with beginnings of sentences, referred to as âstems,â and respondents then complete the sentences in ways that are meaningful to them. The responses are believed to provide indications of attitudes, beliefs, motivations, or other mental states. In a common version of this test, the Hayling Sentence Completion Test, a second condition is added, in which participants must complete the sentence with a word that makes no sense, requiring them to inhibit the semantically activated information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23808
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dad",
"name": "set-shifting task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants alternate between two or more judgments typically regarding the same set of stimuli. Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23809
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dbb",
"name": "Simon task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view arrows presented in the right or left visual field that were pointing to the left or right. Subjects respond via button press as to the direction of the arrow. In incongruent stimuli, left-pointing arrows are seen on the right side, and vice versa. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23810
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dc8",
"name": "simple reaction time task",
"definition_text": "Simple Reaction Time (SRT) is a test which measures simple reaction time through delivery of a known stimulus to a known location to elicit a known response. The only uncertainty is with regard to when the stimulus will occur, by having a variable interval between the trial response and the onset of the stimulus for the next trial. As soon as the participant sees the square on the screen, they must press the button on the press pad.",
"alias": "(SRT)",
"ID(c)": 23811
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dd6",
"name": "source memory test",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown a list or series of items (words, pictures, objects). Later, when shown an item, they are asked whether it has was shown to them before, and if they respond affirmatively, they are asked a question about the source of the item. The source question could be what the spatial location of the item was, what color it appeared in, or which list or set it belonged to.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23812
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949de3",
"name": "span/supra-span test",
"definition_text": "Participants are given sequences to recall that exceed their working memory span, usually by about 2 items, however the sequence contains a smaller repeating sequence(s) among the non-repeating items.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23813
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949df1",
"name": "spatial n-back task",
"definition_text": "Participants view a configuration of dots and must indicate whether the dot is in the same position as the dot in the picture presented n previously (0,1,2,or 3). In some variations, participants are asked to identify the location of the dot n pictures back, rather than indicating if the current dot matches.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23814
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dfe",
"name": "Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "instrument used to measure trait (chronic) anxiety, a general propensity to be anxious, and state (temporary) anxiety, a temporary state varying in intensity, in adults.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23815
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e0c",
"name": "Sternberg delayed recognition task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a string of letters. After a delay, a probe letter is presented and subjects indicate if the presented letter was in the previously viewed group. ",
"alias": "Sternberg task, delayed recognition task, Sternberg item recognition task",
"ID(c)": 23816
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e1a",
"name": "stop signal task",
"definition_text": "Participants usually perform a choice reaction time in which they have to respond as quickly as possible to a particular stimulus feature (e.g. colour, shape, identity, or location). On a minority of the trials, the go stimulus is followed by an additional signal (e.g. an auditory tone or a visual cue), which instructs participants to withhold their planned response. ",
"alias": "stop task",
"ID(c)": 23817
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e27",
"name": "Stroop task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view color names presented in various ink colors and are instructed to name the color of the ink. In incongruent stimuli, color names and ink colors are non-matching. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23818
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e35",
"name": "Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)",
"definition_text": "a diagnostic exam used to determine DSM-IV Axis I disorders (mental health disorders). It covers 6 diagnostic categories, and is often used in conjunction with an unstructured interview. The exam includes an administration booklet of questions for the examiner to ask and a scoresheet. Scores are not determined by "right" or "wrong" answers, but by number of questions that adhere to diagnostic criteria.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Clinical_Interview_for_DSM-IV",
"alias": "SCID",
"ID(c)": 23819
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e44",
"name": "symbol-digit substitution",
"definition_text": "DSST is a neuropsychological test sensitive to brain damage, dementia, age and depression. It isnât sensitive to the location of brain-damage (except for damage comprising part of the visual field). It consists of (e.g. nine) digit-symbol pairs (e.g. 1/-,2/â´ ... 7/Î,8/X,9/=) followed by a list of digits. Under each digit the subject should write down the corresponding symbol as fast as possible. The number of correct symbols within the allowed time (e.g. 90 or 120 sec) is measured.\r\n",
"alias": "digit symbol substitution task, DSST",
"ID(c)": 23820
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e5b",
"name": "Symptom Checklist-90-Revised ",
"definition_text": "a relatively brief self-report psychometric instrument designed to evaluate a broad range of psychological problems and symptoms of psychopathology. It is also useful in measuring the progress and outcome of psychiatric and psychological treatments or for research purposes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23821
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e7c",
"name": "syntactic acceptability judgement task",
"definition_text": "Also called the syntactic plausibility judgment task, this task asks participants to read sentences and indicate whether or not they are gramatically correct. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23822
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e8a",
"name": "task-switching ",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants alternate between two or more judgments typically regarding the same set of stimuli. Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23823
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e98",
"name": "temporal discounting task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are asked to choose between a smaller reward earlier in time versus a larger reward later in time.",
"alias": "delay discounting task, intertemporal choice task",
"ID(c)": 23824
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ea5",
"name": "Test of Word Reading Efficiency",
"definition_text": "a nationally normed measure of word reading accuracy and fluency that provides an efficient means of monitoring the growth of two kinds of word reading skills that are critical in the development of overall reading ability: the ability to accurately recognize familiar words as whole units or âsight wordsâ and the ability to âsound outâ words quickly. ",
"alias": "TOWRE",
"ID(c)": 23825
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949eb3",
"name": "Tobacco Craving Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "a multidimensional questionnaire to assess tobacco craving. It consists of a 47-item TCQ and other forms assessing demographics, tobacco and other drug use history, quit attempts, and current mood. It represents four specific constructs that characterize craving for tobacco: (a) Emotionality, or smoking in anticipation of relief from withdrawal symptoms or negative mood, (b) expectancy, or anticipation of positive outcomes from smoking, (c) compulsivity, or an inability to control tobacco use, and (d) purposefulness, or intention and planning to smoke for positive outcomes. It is an instrument for assessing tobacco craving in individuals not attempting to reduce or quit smoking.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23826
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ec0",
"name": "Trail Making Test A and B",
"definition_text": "A neuropsychological test in which participants must connect-the-dots (traverse between items) according to some specified order. In Test A these items are numbers (1,2,3 etc.) and the order is determined by increasing magnitude. In Test B these items are both numbers and letters (1,2,3, A,B,C etc.) and the order is determined by a combination of increasing numbers AND letters (e.g., 1 A 2 B 3 C..) requiring participants to alternate between letters and numbers.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23827
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ece",
"name": "Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "a rating scale used to follow the longitudinal course of Parkinson's disease, made up of the following sections: (1)evaluation of Mentation, behavior, and mood, (2)self evaluation of the activities of daily life (ADLs), (3)clinician-scored motor evaluation, (4)Hoehn and Yahr stating of severity of Parkinson disease, (5)Schwab and England ADL scale; these are evaluated by interview and clinical observation.",
"alias": "UPDRS",
"ID(c)": 23828
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949edb",
"name": "visual alignment task ",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown misaligned lines and asked to indicate which side the top line is offset. Alternatively, participants may be asked to complete an alignment with a pencil or digital pointer.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23829
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ee9",
"name": "visuospatial cueing task",
"definition_text": "participants look at a computer screen and press buttons to respond to targets. In some of the trials, a visual cue will appear before the target, but in the same spot as the target.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23830
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ef7",
"name": "Warrington's Face/Word Recognition Test",
"definition_text": "Also called the Warrington Recognition Memory Test (RMT), "the RMT consists of the presentation of 50 printed words at the rate of one word every 3 s, and for each word the subject is required to judge the presented stimulus as "pleasant" or "unpleasant" to help ensure that they are attending to the stimulus items. The patient is then presented with a series of word pairs, and the task is to identify which of the two words came from the target list. A series of 50 faces is then presented at the same rate, and the patient is asked to provide the same pleasant versus unpleasant judgments; the patient\r\nis then presented with a series of 50 pairs of faces, and the task is again to identify which of the two faces came from the target list." - (Hermann, Connell, Barr, & Wyler 1995)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23831
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f04",
"name": "Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised",
"definition_text": "a general test of intelligence, which Wechsler defined as, "... the global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment." In keeping with this definition of intelligence as an aggregate of mental aptitudes or abilities, the WAIS-R consists of 11 subtests divided into two parts, verbal and performance.",
"alias": "WAIS-R",
"ID(c)": 23832
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f12",
"name": "Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Revised",
"definition_text": "used with adults ages 16 to 90 and measures cognitive ability using a core battery of 10 unique subtests that focus on four specific domains of intelligence: verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. ",
"alias": "WAIS",
"ID(c)": 23833
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f21",
"name": "Wisconsin card sorting test",
"definition_text": "The participant is presented with stimulus cards with shapes on them. The cards differ in color of the shapes, number of the shapes, and the form of the shapes. The participant is asked to sort these cards into two piles. The participant is not told what stimulus dimension to use in order to sort the cards, but the administrator tells the participant if a particular match is correct. During the test, the sorting rules are changed and the participant must discover the new sorting rule in order to be successful. ",
"alias": "WCST",
"ID(c)": 23834
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f2f",
"name": "word attack",
"definition_text": "Participants must read non-words aloud. Raw scores are converted into a "reading comprehension age," which is then compared to the participant's real age to determine if they are a poor or gifted reader.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23835
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f3d",
"name": "word generation task",
"definition_text": "Covert: Semantic: subjects listen to or view nouns and silently generate an associated verb, or subjects view a category and silently generate as many exemplars as possible; Orthographic: subjects listen to or view a letter and silently generate as many words as possible that start with that letter; Phonologic: subjects listen to or view a word and silently generate words that rhyme. \r\n\r\nOvert: semantic: subjects listen to or view nouns and overtly generate an associated verb, or subjects view a category and overtly generate as many exemplars as possible; Orthographic: subjects listen to or view a letter and overtly generate as many words as possible that start with that letter; Phonologic: subjects listen to or view a word and overtly generate words that rhyme.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23836
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f4a",
"name": "word identification",
"definition_text": "is the process of determining the pronunciation and some degree of meaning of an unknown word. Note: Word- identification skills commonly taught are phonic analysis, structural analysis, context clues, configuration clues, dictionary skills, and sometimes picture clues.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23837
},
{
"id": "trm_4d54b2cc0f943",
"name": "Cambridge Gambling Task",
"definition_text": "Participants see ten boxes at the top of a screen, each of which is red or blue in some ratio. Under one of these boxes is a token, and participants must guess whether the token is under red or blue. On a gambling trial, participants can select some proportion of their allotted points to bet on their judgement.",
"alias": "CGT",
"ID(c)": 23838
},
{
"id": "trm_4d54b61a14a14",
"name": "Probabilistic gambling task",
"definition_text": "Two cards are drawn without replacement from a deck containing cards numbered from one to ten (one of each). After the first card is presented, participants bet whether the next card will be higher or lower than the first card. Thus there is maximal risk when the first card is five or six, zero risk when it is ten or one. \r\n\r\nIn later version of the task participants bet on whether the second card will be higher or lower before seeing the first card.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23839
},
{
"id": "trm_4d54b8361e93e",
"name": "behavioral investment allocation strategy",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants choose between two stocks (gain/loss gambles, one stochastically dominating the other) and one bond (a sure gain of $1). They must learn through trial-and-error the characteristics of the stocks, which change over blocks of trials. Feedback on payoffs of the forgone options is presented on each trial. ",
"alias": "BIAS",
"ID(c)": 23840
},
{
"id": "trm_4d55997cd3edb",
"name": "non-choice task",
"definition_text": "Each of 12 stimuli (circles of different colors, numbers and sizes) is associated with a different reward magnitude and probability. These include all combinations of (100 and 200) point rewards with (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1) probabilities, plus 300 and 400 rewards with 0.5 probability. Participants are first trained to learn the probabilities and outcomes associated with each stimulus. Next, on each trial, a stimulus appears in one of four quadrants of the screen, and participants indicate which quadrant using a button press.",
"alias": "non-choice task to study expected value and uncertainty",
"ID(c)": 23841
},
{
"id": "trm_4d559bcd67c18",
"name": "balloon analogue risk task",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants pump a simulated balloon without knowing when it will explode. Each pump increases the potential reward to be gained but also the probability of explosion, which wipes out all potential gains for that trial. In most studies, balloon explosion probabilities are drawn from a uniform distribution, and participants must learn explosion probabilities through trial-and-error.",
"alias": "BART",
"ID(c)": 23842
},
{
"id": "trm_4d559d2703bae",
"name": "devil's task",
"definition_text": "This task is a forerunner to the BART: on each trial, participants decide howmany of seven treasure chests to open. They are informed that six boxes contain a prize and one box contains a âdevilâ that will cause themto lose all their potential gains on that trial. Similar to the BART, participants make sequential choices and, after opening each chest, decide whether to continue to the next chest or cash in their earnings to that point.",
"alias": "Slovic's risk task",
"ID(c)": 23843
},
{
"id": "trm_4d55a2bbcfdff",
"name": "choice task between risky and non-risky options",
"definition_text": "a choice made between two or more options when one of those options has some probability >0 of producing either a reinforcing or an aversive consequence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23844
},
{
"id": "trm_4d8a48e403c78",
"name": "inductive reasoning aptitude",
"definition_text": "how well a person can identify a pattern in data\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23845
},
{
"id": "trm_4d949c5b0e380",
"name": "rhyme verification task",
"definition_text": "Stimuli are presented in pairs (either words or pseudowords) and the subject is asked to judge whether the pair of stimuli rhyme with one another.",
"alias": "rhyming judgment task, rhyming task, rhyme task, rhyme judgment task, rhyme decision task, rhyming decision task",
"ID(c)": 23846
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6304c9aa23",
"name": "attention networks test",
"definition_text": "a combination of the Posner cueing paradigm and the Eriksen flanker test, the ANT presents participants with a target item (>) surrounded by congruent (> > > > >), neutral (- - > - -), or incongruent flanker stimuli. Stimulus presentation is preceded by different cue conditions and the participant is instructed to identify the target stimulus.",
"alias": "ANT, Attentional Network Task",
"ID(c)": 23847
},
{
"id": "trm_4da63146f12d7",
"name": "remember/know task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23848
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6318f7381b",
"name": "probabilistic reversal learning task",
"definition_text": "participants learn to respond according to the opposite, previously irrelevant, stimulus-reward pairing, often in a visual discrimination task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23849
},
{
"id": "trm_4da631be60291",
"name": "counting Stroop task",
"definition_text": "participants count the number of words in a display of words describing numbers (e.g. "three")",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23850
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6327154fd4",
"name": "scene recognition task",
"definition_text": "subjects are shown a scene and must later decide whether views from different vantage points are of the same scene",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23851
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6331cdeeb5",
"name": "California Verbal Learning Test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23852
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6338803ed2",
"name": "Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Revised",
"definition_text": "The WISC-IV comprises Picture Concepts, Letter-Number Sequencing, Matrix Reasoning and two supplemental tests: Cancellation and Word Reasoning.",
"alias": "WISC, WISC-IV",
"ID(c)": 23853
},
{
"id": "trm_4da633dbb5817",
"name": "word fluency test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23854
},
{
"id": "trm_4da633fe917c4",
"name": "Color Trails Test",
"definition_text": "Designed to be a culturally fair analog of the trail making test (TMT), the CTT presents numbered colored circles and universal sign language symbols. The participant is required to alternate between the number and color sequences in completing the task.",
"alias": "CTT",
"ID(c)": 23855
},
{
"id": "trm_4da634216ebbc",
"name": "dual-task paradigm",
"definition_text": "participant performs two tasks simultaneously",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23856
},
{
"id": "trm_4da869646e5d1",
"name": "item recognition task",
"definition_text": "participants view a series of items (e.g. pictures or words) and after some interval are shown a series including these, during which they specify what items they recognize",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23857
},
{
"id": "trm_4da869e68b5c4",
"name": "memory span test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23858
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86ad02b3ea",
"name": "complex span test",
"definition_text": "a test in which participants must not only memorize items, but must perform an additional cognitive task (e.g. "2 + 2 = 5; A" in which the equation must be evaluated for whether it is true and the letter following must be memorized)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23859
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86b539924c",
"name": "spatial span test",
"definition_text": "part of the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale and Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, it is an analog to a digit span task. White squares are shown, some of which briefly change colour in a variable sequence. The participant must then touch the boxes which changed colour in the same order that they were displayed by the computer (for clinical mode) or in the reverse order (for reverse mode). The number of boxes increases from 2 at the start of the test to 9 at the end, and the sequence and colour are varied through the test.",
"alias": "(SSP)",
"ID(c)": 23860
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86c2a70a7d",
"name": "dot pattern expectancy task",
"definition_text": "descendant of the expectancy AX task, participant views a combination of simple dot formations as cues and probes; for example, ".:." may be a target probe, but should only be responded to if preceded by the cue ":" rather than ".." or any other formation.",
"alias": "DPX",
"ID(c)": 23861
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86c6808ddd",
"name": "Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test",
"definition_text": "a test of intelligence which Raymond Cattell subdivided into "fluid," or inherited, and "crystallized," or learned, designed to minimize the influence of cultural experiences",
"alias": "CCFIT, CFIT",
"ID(c)": 23862
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86c8bb3b04",
"name": "letter comparison task",
"definition_text": "participant views two rows of consonants and must indicate as quickly as possible whether these rows are identical",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23863
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86cb034ff6",
"name": "pattern comparison task",
"definition_text": "This test measures speed of processing by asking participants to discern whether two sideby-side pictures are the same or not. The items are presented one pair at a time on the computer screen, and the participant is given 90 seconds to respond to as many items as possible (up to a maximum of 130). The items are designed to be simple so as to most purely measure processing speed.",
"alias": "NIH Toolbox Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test",
"ID(c)": 23864
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86cdbd9eeb",
"name": "test of variables of attention",
"definition_text": "a target detection task subtype, the T.O.V.A. uses geometric shapes as both target and distractor stimuli",
"alias": "T.O.V.A.",
"ID(c)": 23865
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86cfe8cf1b",
"name": "sustained attention to response task",
"definition_text": "participants are to respond to frequent neutral signals and are required to withhold response to rare critical signals",
"alias": "SART",
"ID(c)": 23866
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87b8bf1511",
"name": "matching familiar figures test",
"definition_text": "participants are shown an image of a familiar object and several comparison images of that object, one of which is identical and the others of which are slightly different; the participant is to select the identical image",
"alias": "MFFT",
"ID(c)": 23867
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87e439c411",
"name": "Tower of London",
"definition_text": "participant must rearrange a set of three colored balls arranged on pegs, in the fewest possible moves, to match a specified configuration",
"alias": "ToL",
"ID(c)": 23868
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87e7282f92",
"name": "Tower of Hanoi",
"definition_text": "participants see discs of various sizes distributed among three pegs and must organize them in a stack of decreasing size upward with specific constraints (i.e. only one disk can be moved at a time, each disk must be placed on one of the pegs, and a larger disk can never be placed on top\r\nof a smaller disk)",
"alias": "ToH",
"ID(c)": 23869
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87e9c79847",
"name": "dichotic listening task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to attend to one or both channels of different, sometimes disparate, stimuli played simultaneously through a headset",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23870
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87f383435b",
"name": "directed forgetting task",
"definition_text": "subjects are instructed halfway through an incidental or intentional learning task that they should forget what had been presented so far because it was just practice, but after learning is complete are asked to recall the entirety of the learning task (e.g. a list of words)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23871
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87f81bc2c8",
"name": "retrieval-induced forgetting task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23872
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87fb28978e",
"name": "Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test",
"definition_text": "Participant is presented with a series of single digit numbers and are instructed to sum the two most recent digits.",
"alias": "PASAT",
"ID(c)": 23873
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87fdd7820e",
"name": "Porteus maze test",
"definition_text": "participants must trace a path untimed through mazes of increasing complexity without backtracking or lifting their pencil",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23874
},
{
"id": "trm_4da880396c76b",
"name": "Rey-Ostereith Complex Figure Test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23875
},
{
"id": "trm_4da880ff8fd4a",
"name": "Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery ",
"definition_text": "is a computer-based cognitive assessment system consisting of a battery of neuropsychological tests, administered to subjects using a touch screen computer. The 22 tests in CANTAB examine various areas of cognitive function, including:\r\n\r\n * general memory and learning,\r\n * working memory and executive function,\r\n * visual memory,\r\n * attention and reaction time (RT),\r\n * semantic/verbal memory,\r\n * decision making and response control.\r\n\r\nThe CANTAB endeavours to import the accuracy and rigour of computerised psychological testing whilst retaining the wide range of ability measures demanded of a neuropsychological battery. It is suitable for young and old subjects, and aims to be culture and language independent through the use of non-verbal stimuli in the majority of the tests.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23876
},
{
"id": "trm_4da881dace79c",
"name": "Corsi Blocks",
"definition_text": "was developed in the early 1970s as a visuospatial counterpart to the verbal-memory span task (Milner, 1971). Over the years, it has frequently been used to assess visuospatial short-term memory performance in adults (e.g. Smyth & Scholey, 1992), children (e.g. Orsini, Schiappa, & Grossi, 1981), and patients with neuropsychological deficits (e.g. Vilkki & Holst, 1989). \r\n\r\nThe original Corsi apparatus consisted of a set of nine identical blocks (3 X 3 X 3 cm) irregularly positioned on a wooden board (23 X 28 cm). The experimenter points to a series of blocks at a rate of one block per second. Subsequently, the participant is required to point to the same blocks in their order of presentation. The length of the block sequences increases until recall is no longer correct. \r\n\r\nNumerous variations have since been employed in both display characteristics (e.g. colour, number and size of the blocks, block placement, size of the board) and test administration (e.g. presentation rate, block sequences, recall order, scoring technique) (for a review, see Berch, Krikorian, & Huha, 1998).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23877
},
{
"id": "trm_4da886fc2bc46",
"name": "Visual Patterns Test",
"definition_text": "is a measure of short term visual memory that has been designed for use both as a clinical tool and a research instrument. In the VPT, the subject is presented with matrix patterns of black and white squares in grids of varying size and required to memorize a series of black and white checkerboard-like patterns of increasing complexity. Such matrix patterns are virtually impossible to code verbally.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23878
},
{
"id": "trm_4da8885b33375",
"name": "Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test",
"definition_text": "comprises a number of subtests focused on providing objective measures of everyday memory performance in people with observed and/or reported memory difficulties.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23879
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88a2a63d97",
"name": "paired associate learning",
"definition_text": "was invented by Mary Whiton Calkins in 1894 and involves the pairing of two items (usually words)âa stimulus and a response. For example, words such as calendar (stimulus) and shoe (response) may be paired, and when the learner is prompted with the stimulus, he responds with the appropriate word (shoe).",
"alias": "associative learning task, (PAL)",
"ID(c)": 23880
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88a8e13f26",
"name": "vigilance",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "sustained attention task",
"ID(c)": 23881
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88ae0f2952",
"name": "Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task",
"definition_text": "The Rey is a word-list learning task in which 15 unrelated words are presented orally (usually via audio recording) over three consecutive learning trials. After each presentation, the participant is asked to recall as many of the words as he/she can. The Rey is one of the most widely studied measures of memory and has been used in different languages, cultures and ethnic groups around the world. The test can be administered as a supplement to the PSMT for even more detailed study of episodic memory, or as an accommodation in place of PSMT for those with significant visual impairment.",
"alias": "NIH Toolbox Auditory Verbal Learning Test",
"ID(c)": 23882
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b17b985b",
"name": "nonword repetition task",
"definition_text": "participant is instructed to repeat after each nonword (i.e. phoneme or series of phonemes) spoken in a recording",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23883
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b3b0cbcc",
"name": "response mapping task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23884
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b63787d6",
"name": "pursuit rotor task",
"definition_text": "The pursuit rotor task is a task used in common use in the mid 20th century which involved a participant trying to follow (pursue) a small disc on a rotating turntable. Original mechanical versions had typical rotation rates of 60 RPM, which is probably too fast for mouse-controlled versions. The PEBL version offers a simple version with multiple trials and controllable parameters that can be used as a test of hand-eye coordination. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23885
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b8b60ffb",
"name": "alternating runs paradigm",
"definition_text": "A type of task-switching paradigm in which two different tasks are presented in alternating runs or blocks",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23886
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88bb3c2462",
"name": "object alternation task",
"definition_text": "the participant is to locate a target under one of two objects, and the object it is located under changes each time the target is found",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23887
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88bd4412da",
"name": "animal naming task",
"definition_text": "animals are presented, usually pictorially, and participants are asked to name them aloud",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23888
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88bff0507c",
"name": "CatBat task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to fill in missing letters in a written short story; the first half describes contexts for which "c" would most appropriately complete "_at," while the second half describes contexts for which "b" would most appropriately complete "_at." ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23889
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88c205b16b",
"name": "haptic illusion task",
"definition_text": "cognitive and physiological measures are taken while participant experiences a tactile illusion",
"alias": "tactile illusion",
"ID(c)": 23890
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88c5302e06",
"name": "Brixton spatial anticipation test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23891
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88c904862b",
"name": "Hayling sentence completion test",
"definition_text": "Participants are given the beginnings of sentences to complete. The sentences appear to have expected answers. In the first condition, participants must complete the sentence with a/the word that makes sense. In the second condition, participants are asked to complete sentences by saying semantically unrelated words, thereby making the sentence nonsensical.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23892
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88cb222308",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Picture Sequence Memory Test",
"definition_text": "The Picture Sequence Memory Test involves recalling increasingly lengthy series of illustrated objects and activities that are presented in a particular order on the computer screen, with corresponding audiorecorded phrases played. The participants are asked to recall the sequence of pictures demonstrated over two learning trials; sequence length varies from 6-18 pictures, depending on age. Participants are given credit for each adjacent pair of pictures they correctly place (i.e., if pictures in locations 7 and 8 are placed in that order and adjacent to each other anywhere, such as slots 1 and 2, one point is awarded), up to the maximum value for the sequence, which is one less than the sequence length. (That is, if 18 pictures are in the sequence, the maximum score is 17 â the number of adjacent pairs of pictures \r\nthat exist). ",
"alias": "PSMT, picture set test",
"ID(c)": 23893
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88ec6735ad",
"name": "Uznadze haptic illusion task",
"definition_text": "Two spheres of different sizes are repeatedly placed in participants' hands, and they are asked to compare the sizes; upon the final presentation these are replaced with identically sized spheres.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23894
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890594742a",
"name": "emotional regulation task",
"definition_text": "participant completes task that induces emotional conflict while behavioral and/or physiological data is collected",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23895
},
{
"id": "trm_4da89077f19ae",
"name": "digit cancellation task",
"definition_text": "a descendant of the Lifshitz distractibility test, participants are instructed to cross out particular digits in an array, either with or without an auditory distractor of numbers read aloud",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23896
},
{
"id": "trm_4da89089ce0af",
"name": "zoo map test",
"definition_text": " a planning subtask derived from the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome test battery in which participants must plan in advance a route for visiting particular sites in a zoo",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23897
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890a9bd7a3",
"name": "Morris water maze",
"definition_text": "an open-field water-maze procedure in which rats learn to escape from opaque water onto a hidden platform, used to examine how rodents navigate in the absence of spatial cues",
"alias": "MWM, Morris water task, Morris water navigation",
"ID(c)": 23898
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890cf99b9e",
"name": "Stockings of Cambridge Task",
"definition_text": ""The participant is shown two displays containing three coloured balls. The displays are presented in such a way that they can easily be perceived as stacks of coloured balls held in stockings or socks suspended from a beam. The participant must use the balls in the lower display to copy the pattern shown in the upper display. The balls may be moved one at a time by touching the required ball, then touching the position to which it should be moved."",
"alias": "(SOC)",
"ID(c)": 23899
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890f978492",
"name": "Glasgow Coma Scale",
"definition_text": "is a neurological scale that aims to give a reliable, objective way of recording the conscious state of a person for initial as well as subsequent assessment. A patient is assessed against the criteria of the scale, and the resulting points give a patient score between 3 (indicating deep unconsciousness) and either 14 (original scale) or 15 (the more widely used modified or revised scale).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23900
},
{
"id": "trm_4da8911e715e3",
"name": "Early Social and Communication Scales",
"definition_text": "a 15â20 min videotaped, structured social observational measure designed to assess children's use of eye contact and gestures to regulate and respond to social interactions",
"alias": "ESCS",
"ID(c)": 23901
},
{
"id": "trm_4da8914987ee2",
"name": "Reynell Developmental Language Scales",
"definition_text": "The Reynell Developmental Language Scales measures language skills in young or developmentally delayed children. The scales include 1) verbal comprehension scale to assess receptive language skills, and 2) expressive language scale to assess expressive language skills.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23902
},
{
"id": "trm_4da891794859f",
"name": "MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories",
"definition_text": "a parent-report measure of language development in children between 8 and 30 months of age. The infant (8-16 months) form comprises vocabulary checklists, actions, and gestures, while the toddler (16-30 months) form comprises vocabulary, sentences, and grammar.",
"alias": "CDIs",
"ID(c)": 23903
},
{
"id": "trm_4da891a546d8c",
"name": "autism diagnostic observation schedule",
"definition_text": "Series of structured and semi-structured tasks that involve social interaction between the examiner and the subject. Subject is given opportunities to exhibit social and communication behaviors relevant to autism.",
"alias": "ADOS",
"ID(c)": 23904
},
{
"id": "trm_4da891d43240c",
"name": "modified Erickson Scale of Communication Attitudes",
"definition_text": "a questionnaire designed to understand how the participant feels about communication, often used in speech therapy",
"alias": "S24",
"ID(c)": 23905
},
{
"id": "trm_4dadbdd0b2b8c",
"name": "delayed response task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23906
},
{
"id": "trm_4dadbe225bdf1",
"name": "spatial delayed response task",
"definition_text": "subjects focus on a fixation cross while a dot-shaped cue appears elsewhere on the screen; after this the fixation cross is replaced by several geometric shapes, one of which the participant must respond to, and when the fixation cross appears again the participant must indicate where the cue had appeared.",
"alias": "SDR, oculo-motor delayed response, OMDR",
"ID(c)": 23907
},
{
"id": "trm_4dadbfd771a54",
"name": "picture-word Stroop test",
"definition_text": "participants view line drawings of commons objects paired with either congruent or incongruent names thereof (e.g. a drawing of an umbrella with the word "BALLOON" or "UMBRELLA" above it)",
"alias": "PWST",
"ID(c)": 23908
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d031bc8c2",
"name": "synchrony judgment task",
"definition_text": "Participants decide whether the unimodal cues to a crossmodal event (stimulus) were in temporal synchrony or not, i.e., whether they were "in synch" or "out of synch".",
"alias": "simultaneity judgment task, SJ",
"ID(c)": 23909
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b6fd33c5",
"name": "position of gap match task",
"definition_text": "participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side have a gap in the same position",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23910
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b16e7aff",
"name": "length match task",
"definition_text": "part of the BIrmingham Object Recognition Battery; participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are the same length",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23911
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d69b7f422",
"name": "temporal order judgment task",
"definition_text": "Participants decide which of two (or more) unimodal cues (e.g. audio or video) was presented first (or sometimes second) in a crossmodal stimulus. Alternatively, unimodal (auditory, visual or tactile) temporal order judgments generally involve deciding which of two spatial locations was presented first.",
"alias": "TOJ",
"ID(c)": 23912
},
{
"id": "trm_4fba857ad04ac",
"name": "immediate memory task",
"definition_text": "a number between 2 and 7 digits is displayed for a brief period and is followed briefly by a blank screen, then another number to which participants respond only if it is identical to the first.",
"alias": "IMT",
"ID(c)": 23913
},
{
"id": "trm_4e550887d92de",
"name": "heat stimulation",
"definition_text": "A heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23914
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5662373bc89",
"name": "heat sensitization/adaptation",
"definition_text": "A long (~ 30 seconds or more) heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation continuously on a visual analogue scale",
"alias": "heat sensibilization / habituation, tonic stimulation model with continuous visual analogue scale",
"ID(c)": 23915
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5bb14d814a8",
"name": "rubber hand illusion",
"definition_text": "One hand is occluded from sight and an artificial hand is lying in front of the participant. Synchronious paint brush strokes are applied to the same fingers of the occluded hand and the artificial hand. The participant rates the sense of ownership of the artificial hand on the Ownership Illusion Questionnaire or reports the felt position of his or her own hand against a ruler (proprioceptive drift).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23916
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5d07565b68e",
"name": "mechanical stimulation",
"definition_text": "A mechanical stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale.",
"alias": "Pin tip stimulation",
"ID(c)": 23917
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5e7ac84c2e5",
"name": "dual sensitization",
"definition_text": "Heat stimuli below, at, and above pain threshold (PT; stimulation interval: 30 â 40 seconds) are applied to the skin and the participant gives continuous pain ratings on a visual analogue scale. ",
"alias": "tonic heat stimulation model",
"ID(c)": 23918
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5fcd75efb58",
"name": "thermal grill illusion",
"definition_text": "Innocuous warm and cool bars that are spatially interlaced are applied together to the skin and produce a painful burning sensation. The participant rates the experienced sensation.",
"alias": "Thunberg Illusion",
"ID(c)": 23919
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6112759926e",
"name": "tonic pain stimulation",
"definition_text": "A long pain stimulus (usually more than 20 seconds) is applied to the skin and the participant gives continuous ratings on a visual analogue scale. Pain can be induced with thermal (hot/cold), electrical, chemical or mechanical stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23920
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6114e7b1ff2",
"name": "phasic pain stimulation",
"definition_text": "A short pain stimulus (usually up to 3 seconds) is applied to the skin and the participant rates the stimulus on a visual analogue scale. Pain can be induced with thermal (hot/cold), electrical or mechanical stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23921
},
{
"id": "trm_4e664d3718e1b",
"name": "cold stimulation ",
"definition_text": "A noxious cold stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23922
},
{
"id": "trm_4e68e08950157",
"name": "electric stimulation",
"definition_text": "An electric stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the perceived pain on a visual analogue scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23923
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6a2f61b17b0",
"name": "capsaicin-evoked pain",
"definition_text": "Capsaicin, the active ingredient of chili peppers, is injected intradermally into the skin and participants rate the experienced sensation on a rating scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23924
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6a44ee854f8",
"name": "cold pressor test",
"definition_text": "The hand or foot is immersed into a bowl of iced water and participants report their sensation from first clear pain to unbearable pain on a scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23925
},
{
"id": "trm_4e8a0dd29ec7b",
"name": "sequential shape matching",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown an object for a fixed period. After an interstimulus interval, typically with no intervening object presentations, a second object is presented. The second object is either the same or a different object. Typically, at least one other factor is manipulated. For example, the object may be presented from different viewpoints at each presentation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23926
},
{
"id": "trm_4e8dd3831f0cc",
"name": "deterministic classification",
"definition_text": "Is a feedback-driven learning task in which participants classify stimuli into different categories. A common version of this task is the "weather prediction task."\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23927
},
{
"id": "trm_4e8dd3dfd9fff",
"name": "mixed event-related probe",
"definition_text": "When an experimental run consists of blocks of two or more related behavioral tasks. For example, a mixed event-related probe in a classification learning experiment can consist of alternating blocks of probabilistic classification trials and deterministic classification trials.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23928
},
{
"id": "trm_4eb1f3a8ec119",
"name": "intermodal preferential looking paradigm",
"definition_text": "Infants are trained to associate an image with a linguistic (often a nonsense word) cue and, during testing, hear this auditory cue and see its paired image next to a novel image. If the infant demonstrates a significant preference for the cue-paired word, this is considered evidence for the capacity for word learning.",
"alias": "IPL, IPLP",
"ID(c)": 23929
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc6a6b75ebf",
"name": "tone counting",
"definition_text": "A task in which a participant needs to count and remember the number of specific tones presented in an experimental run.",
"alias": "tone-counting",
"ID(c)": 23930
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc728326a13",
"name": "single-task weather prediction ",
"definition_text": "is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on if the response was correct or incorrect. This may or may not be presented with other stimuli (ex-tones of different frequencies), but the goal of the task is to only pay attention the the classification task at hand. \r\n",
"alias": "single task weather prediction ",
"ID(c)": 23931
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc98cc77e7b",
"name": "dual-task weather prediction",
"definition_text": "A task in which a subject must attend and respond to two different tasks contained in one experimental run; one task is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on whether the response was correct or incorrect. The other task requires the subject to listen to different tones and count the number of a specific tone.",
"alias": "dual task weather prediction",
"ID(c)": 23932
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc9d2e397f2",
"name": "classification probe without feedback",
"definition_text": "is preformed after receiving training in the classification learning task. It is similar to the classification learning task but in this task the subject does not receive feedback.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23933
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd44cd88360",
"name": "abstract/concrete judgment: bilingual",
"definition_text": "Task in which subjects are presented with words that are either abstract or concrete nouns, and decide for each term whether it is abstract or concrete.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23934
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd477ab5a11",
"name": "object n-back",
"definition_text": "An n-back task in which the stimuli are images of visual objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23935
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd47b8bab6b",
"name": "object one-back task",
"definition_text": "A one-back task in which the stimuli are images of visual objects",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23936
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd482eba5b1",
"name": "word one-back task",
"definition_text": "A one-back task on which subjects are presented with words or word-like stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23937
},
{
"id": "trm_4f23fc8c42d28",
"name": "monetary incentive delay task",
"definition_text": "task in which subject makes a response within a time window and is potentially rewarded for the response depending on their reaction time",
"alias": "MID, monetary incentive delay (mid) task",
"ID(c)": 23938
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240cb09f8e5",
"name": "semantic decision task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a subject makes a decision about the meaning of a stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23939
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240d346320c",
"name": "covert naming task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects name a stimulus silently",
"alias": "covert production task",
"ID(c)": 23940
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240d7664628",
"name": "semantic relatedness task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects judge whether a set of stimuli are related by meaning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23941
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240e7f989f8",
"name": "auditory temporal discrimination task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject discriminates auditory stimuli based on temporal characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23942
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240edf92865",
"name": "mental imagery task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects create mental images",
"alias": "imagery task",
"ID(c)": 23943
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240f1c740da",
"name": "verbal fluency task",
"definition_text": "A test of the ability to verbally produce words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23944
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240fbdf1601",
"name": "word comprehension task",
"definition_text": "A task that measures the comprehension of word meaning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23945
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241001dfcee",
"name": "letter case judgment task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject decides whether letters are uppercase or lowercase.",
"alias": "case judgment task",
"ID(c)": 23946
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24108555294",
"name": "visually guided saccade task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects make visually guided eye movements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23947
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24112057e90",
"name": "categorization task",
"definition_text": "Task in which a subject classifies stimuli into one of a set of categories",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23948
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241173868a3",
"name": "navigation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject navigates a spatial layout.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23949
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2411c91ae5e",
"name": "recall test",
"definition_text": "A test in which the subject is asked to produce a list of previously studied items.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23950
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24126c22011",
"name": "abstract/concrete task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects decide whether words are abstract or concrete.",
"alias": "abstract/concrete judgment",
"ID(c)": 23951
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2412d4c3b88",
"name": "semantic classification task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject classifies stimuli based on meaning; the detection and classification of semantic relationships between worlds",
"alias": "semantic categorization task",
"ID(c)": 23952
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241325579c6",
"name": "problem solving task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects must solve a conceptual problem.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23953
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24135453d65",
"name": "spelling task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are asked to spell words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23954
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2414059baa8",
"name": "instrumental learning task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a subject learns to respond through rewards.",
"alias": "instrumental conditioning task, operant task",
"ID(c)": 23955
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2414a1bab77",
"name": "phonetic discrimination task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject discriminates stimuli based on phonetic features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23956
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24154867d84",
"name": "logical reasoning task",
"definition_text": "Over 32 trials participants see a phrase (e.g. "A precedes B") and a letter sequence (e.g. "AB") and must evaluate the relationship as true or false.",
"alias": "Baddeley's logical reasoning task, Baddeley's grammatical transformation task",
"ID(c)": 23957
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241614d4a25",
"name": "attention switching task",
"definition_text": "A paradigm requiring subjects to switch between performing multiple different individual tasks. AST is a test of the participantâs ability to switch attention between the direction or location of an arrow on screen. This test is a sensitive measure of frontal lobe and âexecutiveâ dysfunction. The test begins with an arrow in the centre of the screen which points either to the left or to the right. The participant is introduced to two buttons, one on the left and one on the right, and is asked to press a button corresponding to the direction in which the arrow is pointing.\r\n\r\nAfter this initial training, the participant is then told that the arrow might appear on the left or the right side of the screen, and depending on the cue given at the top of the screen, the participant must either press the left or right button to indicate on which side of the screen the arrow is displayed, or else press the left or right button to correspond with the direction in which the arrow is pointing.",
"alias": "(AST), switching task",
"ID(c)": 23958
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24179122380",
"name": "mental arithmetic task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject performs arithmetic computations without an external means of recording their work.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23959
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2417d4a63ae",
"name": "random number generation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject generates a series of random numbers.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23960
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24183fe80c6",
"name": "verb generation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with nouns and generate an associated verb.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23961
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24189031a4a",
"name": "cyberball task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects view a set of balls interacting in game. At some point one of the balls is excluded from the game, simulating social exclusion.",
"alias": "cyberball social exclusion task",
"ID(c)": 23962
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24194bce29f",
"name": "conjunction search task",
"definition_text": "A task that requires the subject to search for a stimulus defined by a combination of visual features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23963
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2419c4a1646",
"name": "multisource interference task",
"definition_text": "a task in which the subject must resolve multiple sources of interference",
"alias": "MSIT",
"ID(c)": 23964
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241ab50513b",
"name": "mentalizing task",
"definition_text": "a task in which the participant is asked to reï¬ect on their own and other people's thoughts and feelings and the causes thereof, often by describing characters in stories or placing themselves in characters' places",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23965
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2ac1cd035",
"name": "copying task",
"definition_text": "patients/participants copy pictures or geometric objects",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23966
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241b50caaf7",
"name": "semantic task",
"definition_text": "Any task that requires subjects to process the meaning of stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23967
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241b751c5a0",
"name": "phonological task",
"definition_text": "Any task that requires the subject to process the sound structure of words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23968
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241bd52b509",
"name": "semantic fluency task",
"definition_text": "participants generate words to a given category (e.g. animals, foods)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23969
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241be43458e",
"name": "phonemic fluency task",
"definition_text": "participants are to name as many words starting with a specified letter as possible in a given time interval",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23970
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241c0737cc0",
"name": "semantic memory task",
"definition_text": "A task requiring the subject to use knowledge retrieved from semantic memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23971
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241c735e7f6",
"name": "serial reaction time task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "SRT, serial response time task, SRTT",
"ID(c)": 23972
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241c8d4a75c",
"name": "gender discrimination task",
"definition_text": "participant is shown series of photos either of people in portraits or in scenes and asked to determine their gender",
"alias": "gender judgment task, gender decision task",
"ID(c)": 23973
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241d7adf14e",
"name": "global-local task",
"definition_text": "participants view a stimulus composed of a large character (global) composed of smaller characters (local), e.g. a large "T" formed by an assembly of smaller letters",
"alias": "Navon figure task, Navon letters task",
"ID(c)": 23974
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241e8a01052",
"name": "sentence-picture matching task",
"definition_text": "participants listen to a sentence and must select from several images the one that correspond to the sentence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23975
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241ee9c4e37",
"name": "word-picture matching task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "picture-word matching task",
"ID(c)": 23976
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241fb95918f",
"name": "recency judgment task",
"definition_text": "participants are presented with two lists of words, then (after a brief reasoning test) tested to recall whether a given word had appeared on the first or the second list presented",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23977
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241fd47f16b",
"name": "passive avoidance task",
"definition_text": "in animal models, aversion to an avoidable part of an apparatus is conditioned, and the animal is later tested for whether it will enter this area.",
"alias": "inactive avoidance task",
"ID(c)": 23978
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241fe40a950",
"name": "fame judgment task",
"definition_text": "participants are exposed to a list composed of famous and nonfamous names and then tested for recollection of which names are famous",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23979
},
{
"id": "trm_4f242042e5805",
"name": "Cambridge risk task",
"definition_text": "participant predicts which of two mutually exclusive outcomes will occur, but critically, the larger reward (and penalty) is associated with choice of the least likely outcome, whereas the smallest reward (and penalty) is associated with choice of the most likely outcome",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23980
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2420b042165",
"name": "reappraisal task",
"definition_text": "participants regulate their emotional states using cognitive strategies",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23981
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24211a03b07",
"name": "Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "RAPM",
"ID(c)": 23982
},
{
"id": "trm_4f242172aea5d",
"name": "updating task",
"definition_text": "participants are presented with lists of X items and be required to recall the N most recent; this means that the participant must hold in memory the first N items and, if X > N, update the contents of memory by dropping initial for most recent items",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23983
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2421a62cdf8",
"name": "face working memory task",
"definition_text": "a brief presentation of a face is followed by a delay during which participants are instructed to keep an image of the face in mind, followed by a test face they indicate to match or not to match the initial face",
"alias": "face wm task",
"ID(c)": 23984
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2421c391b83",
"name": "object working memory task",
"definition_text": "participants view a sequence of simple objects and after a short delay are instructed to name them in either a forward or backward sequence",
"alias": "object wm task",
"ID(c)": 23985
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24226fa2903",
"name": "Fitts task",
"definition_text": "any task requiring a rapid, aimed movement to acquire a target, the time of which is measured and, according to Fitts' law, is generally inversely proportionate to distance required and target size",
"alias": "Fitts' task, Fitts tapping task",
"ID(c)": 23986
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24237f2ed47",
"name": "general knowledge task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to either assess a statement (e.g. "Doctors go through extensive training,") or provide simple answers to questions (e.g. "What color are emeralds?" about the world",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23987
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24239cc239e",
"name": "short-term memory task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "STM task",
"ID(c)": 23988
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24247912761",
"name": "face matching task",
"definition_text": "subjects view a reference face and must either simply compare two faces or select one of two differently-oriented comparison faces (e.g. reference face looks straight ahead while comparison face is a three-quarter view) that match it",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23989
},
{
"id": "trm_4f242499b8952",
"name": "target detection task",
"definition_text": "Refers broadly to a kind of task in which participants are to react to a target stimulus among distractor stimuli. Target detection tasks in the absence of competition are considered measures of sustained attention and not selective or divided attention, which are subsumed under cognitive control",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23990
},
{
"id": "trm_5542841f3dcd5",
"name": "color-word stroop with task switching",
"definition_text": "This is a modified Stroop task (Gauthier et al., 2012) that consists of two 60- second blocks each of control and Stroop conditions, interspersed with 60-second rest blocks. In total, there are 4 task and 5 resting blocks, for a total acquisition length of 9 minutes. During task blocks, control or Stroop events always lasts 2.5 seconds, preceded by 1.5 seconds with a fixation cross to maintain a constant gaze direction. For full details, see http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197458012005684",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23991
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24250e0137e",
"name": "orthographic task",
"definition_text": "A task that requires processing of letter structure",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23992
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24258b51e2c",
"name": "living-nonliving task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown pictures of nameable things and must indicate as quickly as possible whether each is living or nonliving",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23993
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24479b0db8f",
"name": "phoneme detection task",
"definition_text": "participants listen to a pseudowords and after a delay are asked whether they contained specific phonemes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23994
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2447dfa5947",
"name": "stop-change task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject makes a discriminative response by default, but makes a different response upon presentation of a stop signal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23995
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2447fe67fb9",
"name": "visual search task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23996
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244860c702c",
"name": "prospective memory task",
"definition_text": "participants are given goals either time-based (e.g. remembering to press a key every two minutes) or event-based (e.g. remembering to press a key when a given word appears on the screen)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23997
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2448d02d4d9",
"name": "object naming task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown a series of objects, sometimes as photos or as line drawings, typically selected for their commonality by previous experiments and/or articles",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23998
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24492504ca0",
"name": "contextual cueing task",
"definition_text": "participants perform visual search for targets among distractor stimuli in invariant or variable conï¬gurations randomly mixed within trials; because targets appear in the same locations within invariant configurations, these configurations function as a context cueing the participant.",
"alias": "contextual cuing task",
"ID(c)": 23999
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24496a80587",
"name": "gambling task",
"definition_text": "A class of tasks in which subjects make decisions about chance gambles.",
"alias": "gamble task",
"ID(c)": 24000
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2449bdcb0b1",
"name": "Wason card selection task",
"definition_text": "a logic puzzle in which participants must decide which cards are consistent with selection criteria",
"alias": "Wason card task, Wason task, selection task",
"ID(c)": 24001
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244a453522b",
"name": "syntactic task",
"definition_text": "A class of tasks involving the processing of linguistic syntax.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24002
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244a67d5b17",
"name": "mirror tracing task",
"definition_text": "participant is to draw a specified pattern while only seeing their hand from a mirrored perspective",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24003
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244a88013ae",
"name": "artificial grammar learning task",
"definition_text": "participant is presented with a series of letter strings constructed according to an artificial and finite set of rules, after which the participant must determine whether new strings follow or violate the grammar established by the first series.",
"alias": "AGL",
"ID(c)": 24004
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244ad7dcde7",
"name": "dot motion task",
"definition_text": "participants view an array of dots of which some proportion is moving in a particular direction and the rest are moving in another.",
"alias": "dot-motion task, moving-dot task, RDM task, random-dot motion task",
"ID(c)": 24005
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244c1f6b53f",
"name": "color naming task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24006
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244d2a54e27",
"name": "autobiographical memory task",
"definition_text": "in a semi-structured interview a participant is asked to recall recent events (within one week, within one month) in his or her own life, and this recollection is compared with report(s) from a "collateral source," a person close to the participant",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24007
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244d64e45bc",
"name": "negative priming task",
"definition_text": "The participant selects a target in the presence of one or more distractors; the negative priming arises between consecutive trials, in which the participant must respond to a target on the current trial that had appeared as a distractor on the previous trial.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24008
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244f0286947",
"name": "analogical reasoning task",
"definition_text": "any task investigating participant ability to find correspondences between structures of distinct mental representations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24009
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244f46ebf58",
"name": "",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24010
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244f997615c",
"name": "bimanual coordination task",
"definition_text": "participants are instructed to move their arms and/or hands according to a novel spatiotemporal relationship",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24011
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244fee7d195",
"name": "multi-attribute decision making task",
"definition_text": "participant is asked to make decisions with several criteria in mind, e.g. to decide whether to purchase a car while considering its cost, image, efficiency, comfort, etc.",
"alias": "MADM",
"ID(c)": 24012
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2452adb7d23",
"name": "odd-even task",
"definition_text": "participant is presented with a digit and instructed to assess whether it is odd or even",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24013
},
{
"id": "trm_4f245326e2eaf",
"name": "biological motion task",
"definition_text": "participant views stimuli composed of objects like points of light moving in several patterns to detect which of these correspond to biological motion",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24014
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2453b806fe1",
"name": "spatial working memory task",
"definition_text": "refers broadly to a paradigm in which the participant's working memory for spatial characteristics of stimuli is tested, such as the SWM in the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). SWM is a test of the participantâs ability to retain spatial information and to manipulate remembered items in working memory. It is a self-ordered task, which also assesses heuristic strategy. This test is a sensitive measure of frontal lobe and âexecutiveâ dysfunction. It has been shown in recent studies that impaired performance on SWM emerges as a common factor in prepsychosis. The test begins with a number of coloured squares (boxes) being shown on the screen. The aim of this test is that, by touching the boxes and using a process of elimination, the participant should find one blue âtokenâ in each of a number of boxes and use them to fill up an empty column on the right hand side of the screen. The number of boxes is gradually increased, until it is necessary to search a total of eight boxes. The colour and position of the boxes used are changed from trial to trial to discourage the use of stereotyped search strategies.",
"alias": "(SWM)",
"ID(c)": 24015
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2453ce33f16",
"name": "social judgment task",
"definition_text": "broadly describing many disparate subtasks, a social judgment task typically describes one in which participants are asked to decide what other people are thinking or would think, or to interpret their behavior",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24016
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2454dfca337",
"name": "relational reasoning task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24017
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24550fc5f38",
"name": "prototype distortion task",
"definition_text": "participant is trained to categorize high and low distortions of a dot array prototype, and are then tested for recognition when shown the prototype, its distortions, and random arrays",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24018
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2456027809f",
"name": "false belief task",
"definition_text": ""The âstandard versionâ of the false belief task presents the child with a character, Sally, who leaves a desirable object such as a chocolate in her basket, before departing the scene. In her absence, another character, Anne, removes the object and places it in a box. Children are asked to predict, on Sally's return to the room, where Sally will look for the object (or, sometimes, where she thinks the object is). Four-year-olds tend to succeed at this task â correctly attributing a false belief to Sally, saying that she will look for the object in the basket â while younger children tend to fail."",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24019
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2456932f11b",
"name": "shadowing task",
"definition_text": "participants are to repeat target words as quickly as possible under various conditions, and when primed, after a brief interval",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24020
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24572cb42e4",
"name": "parity judgment task",
"definition_text": "Participants must judge whether two numbers, either Arabic or verbal (as words), are equal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24021
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2457454e458",
"name": "numerosity estimation task",
"definition_text": "participants estimate number of targets",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24022
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2457a8b0bc8",
"name": "verbal working memory task",
"definition_text": "A class of tasks involving the online maintenance and/or manipulation of verbal information. The Verbal Recognition Memory test, which assesses immediate and delayed memory of verbal information under free recall and forced choice recognition conditions, should provide comparable results. In the VRM test, the participant is shown a list of 12 words, one at a time, and then asked to:\r\n1)produce as many of the words as possible immediately following the presentation.\r\n2)recognize the words they have seen before from a list of 24 words containing the original 12 words and 12 distractors.\r\n3)following a delay of 20 minutes, recognize the words they have seen before from another list of 24 words containing the original list and 12 new distractors.",
"alias": "(VRM), Verbal Recognition Memory",
"ID(c)": 24023
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2457d94fd93",
"name": "memory guided saccade task",
"definition_text": "participants fixate on a cross in the center of a screen while a visual cue appears elsewhere on screen; they are instructed that once the fixation cross disappears, they are to direct a saccade to the place where the cue had been",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24024
},
{
"id": "trm_50f72fafa53ec",
"name": "big/little circle",
"definition_text": "The Big/Little Circle test assesses comprehension, learning and reversal. It is also intended to train participants in the general idea of following and reversing a rule, before proceeding to the Intra/Extradimensional Shift test (IED), so should ideally precede the IED task in a battery. Participants must first touch the smaller of the two circles displayed, then, after 20 trials, touch the larger circle for 20 further trials.",
"alias": "(BLC)",
"ID(c)": 24025
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2d71adf87",
"name": "minimal feature match task ",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to select a picture that is the same as the original picture, but the saliency of the objectâs most distinctive feature is reduced",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24026
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2dc0273d9",
"name": "foreshortened view task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to select a picture that is the same as the original picture, but the object's principle axis is foreshortened",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24027
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2e5614028",
"name": "drawing from memory task",
"definition_text": "participants draw images varying in complexity from simple shapes to complex objects like faces",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24028
},
{
"id": "trm_50b65ef129e23",
"name": "Partial Report Procedure",
"definition_text": "Participants are given several sets of characters or stimuli to respond to. In Sperling's version of the task, participants are cued to recall just one subset. Due to the fact that participants did not know which row would be cued for recall, performance in the partial report condition can be regarded as a random sample of an observer's memory for the entire display. Another version involves participants responding by pressing a button when they see only a certain stimulus out of a set appear.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24029
},
{
"id": "trm_50b6660b1b847",
"name": "Implicit Association Task",
"definition_text": "A task designed to measure automatic associations, particularly those which are often affected by social desirability bias in self-report measures. They test the association of positive and negative words or images with certain concepts such as race, gender, religion, self-esteem, and sexuality. Respondents to the IAT experience a higher (conscious, controlled, explicit, reflective, analytic, rational, etc.) level of mental operation, when they try to overcome the effects of the automatic associations, and thus a longer response time when they answer counter to their implicit associations.",
"alias": "IAT",
"ID(c)": 24030
},
{
"id": "trm_50f733d7305a1",
"name": "Spatial Recognition Memory",
"definition_text": "This is a test of visual spatial recognition memory in a 2-choice forced discrimination paradigm. This test is often used, in conjunction with Pattern Recognition Memory (PRM) , before the Paired Associates Learning (PAL) test, as both these tests help to train the participant for PAL. PRM and SRM contain different elements of PAL and the results considered together help to decide on the exact nature of the cognitive deficit being considered. The participant is presented with a white square, which appears in sequence at five different locations on the screen. In the recognition phase, the participant sees a series of five pairs of squares, one of which is in a place previously seen in the presentation phase. The other square is in a location not seen in the presentation phase. As with the PRM test, locations are tested in the reverse of the presentation order. This sub-test is repeated three more times, each time with five new locations",
"alias": "(SRM)",
"ID(c)": 24031
},
{
"id": "trm_5023ef8eab626",
"name": "delay conditioning",
"definition_text": "a subtype of classical conditioning in which the conditional stimulus (CS) is presented and, during this presentation, a biologically relevant unconditional stimulus (US) is also presented. Afterward the subject is tested for its reaction to the CS in isolation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24032
},
{
"id": "trm_50240427b4c1b",
"name": "counterconditioning",
"definition_text": "a CS already paired with a particular US is associated with a second US that is often incompatible with the first US",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24033
},
{
"id": "trm_50240f06af135",
"name": "operant task",
"definition_text": "participant learns to associate a particular outcome with a particular effort and characteristics thereof (e.g. frequency, strength)",
"alias": "instrumental learning task, instrumental conditioning task",
"ID(c)": 24034
},
{
"id": "trm_502420a682976",
"name": "NPU-threat test",
"definition_text": "participants are variably exposed to aversive stimuli and cues thereof while being monitored for their behavioral and physiological responses",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24035
},
{
"id": "trm_502985b4baaed",
"name": "psychophysics task",
"definition_text": "stimuli within and/or across modalities are presented to participants, who are then to detect and/or estimate their presence or magnitude",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24036
},
{
"id": "trm_502abd109f255",
"name": "ambiguous figure task",
"definition_text": "a kind of psychophysical task, participants view a stimulus that can be perceived as oriented and/or moving in more than one way",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24037
},
{
"id": "trm_502ad907e3299",
"name": "apparent verticality judgment",
"definition_text": "participants make judgments of their verticality after holding specific body orientations for some duration",
"alias": "AV task",
"ID(c)": 24038
},
{
"id": "trm_502be67697201",
"name": "contrast detection task",
"definition_text": "a psychophysical task in which participants are to discriminate between a nonzero low-contrast stimulus and a blank",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24039
},
{
"id": "trm_50b66c50ca2ac",
"name": "Symbol Counter Task",
"definition_text": "Participants observe a stimulus sequence comprising triangles and rectangles, keeping two counts, one for the triangles and one for the rectangles. Once each stimulus appears, participants update the appropriate mental count and then press a key to proceed to the next trial. Garavanâs central ï¬nding was that the reaction times signaled by the key press were longer when the incremented counter was different from the counter incremented on the previous trial (a switch trial) than when the same counter was incremented again (a no-switch trial). Garavan interpreted this switchâno-switch reaction time (RT) difference (the ââswitching effectââ) as an index of the time required to switch attention\r\nfrom one internal counter to another, suggesting that the internal focus of attention was limited in capacity. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24040
},
{
"id": "trm_5090b32d6b376",
"name": "facial recognition task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown faces expressing various emotions and asked to describe what emotion they believe is being expressed, sometimes also in conjunction with physiological (including neurophysiological) measures",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24041
},
{
"id": "trm_50c0f3e6c596e",
"name": "Time Wall",
"definition_text": "a small object moving at constant velocity passes behind an opaque barrier. The task is to estimate the moment when the object will reappear. It differs from a number of other time-estimate tasks in that discrete mediating responses such as counting or taping are of no direct obvious aid.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24042
},
{
"id": "trm_5181f83b77fa4",
"name": "stop signal task with letter naming",
"definition_text": "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24043
},
{
"id": "trm_50df0d8dc717b",
"name": "attention bias",
"definition_text": "Attention bias refers to the tendency for an emotional stimulus to influence attention. The term is most typically used to refer to biases related to emotional content, typically in bottom-up-capture attention tasks. ",
"alias": "dot-probe",
"ID(c)": 24044
},
{
"id": "trm_50df0dd9d0b6f",
"name": "Incidental encoding task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject is creating new memories without purposely knowing that memorization is the task at hand. Their memories are created thorough working in their environment and picking up information in the process. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24045
},
{
"id": "trm_50df1c0d946b8",
"name": "Space Fortress",
"definition_text": "The Space Fortress videogame is used as a platform for investigating skill learning. The game was originally developed by cognitive psychologists at the University of Illinois, as a tool to study learning and training strategies. Notably, it is one of the few cognitive training tools that has shown transfer of training to real-world performance. Flight students that trained on Space Fortress performed better on a battery of real-world flight tests, and were more likely to be selected to pursue pilot training compared to a no-training control group. Studies have also found that learning Space Fortress with a strategy that involves flexibly shifting attention to different aspects of the game results in improved learning. Thus, the Space Fortress game serves as a great tool for studying how the brain acquires new, complex skills, and how the trained ability can extend to new contexts. (http://fcon_1000.projects.nitrc.org/indi/retro/Train-39.html)\r\n\r\nAnother version of the task involved performing an oddball task while simultaneouly playing Space Fortress.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24046
},
{
"id": "trm_50df1dd534ff2",
"name": "Space Fortress with Oddball",
"definition_text": "Playing Space Fortress while simultaneously performing an oddball task.",
"alias": "Space Fortress + Oddball",
"ID(c)": 24047
},
{
"id": "trm_50f734f86b11a",
"name": "Emotion Recognition Task",
"definition_text": "ERT measures the ability to identify emotions in facial expressions. The participant is shown a series of faces which appear on the screen briefly and asked to identify the emotion (happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise and fear). One hundred and eighty stimuli, which are computer morphed images derived from the facial features of real individuals each showing a specific emotion, are displayed on the screen, one at a time, in two blocks of ninety. Each face is displayed for a short while (200ms) and then immediately covered up, and then six buttons are displayed, each describing an emotion which could be portrayed in the photograph. The participant must decide which is the appropriate button to describe the emotion and touch the button. There are fifteen different photographs for each of the six emotions, each showing different levels of intensity.",
"alias": "(ERT)",
"ID(c)": 24048
},
{
"id": "trm_50f7370ace495",
"name": "Visual Analogue Scales",
"definition_text": "Visual Analogue Scales are psychometric response scales which can be used as a measurement instrument for subjective states. The CANTAB VAS assess subjective measurements of drug effect, energy levels, sickness, alertness and mood. The participant must respond to sixteen questions as they appear on the screen by touching the on-screen slider and moving it to the appropriate position on the scale.",
"alias": "(VAS)",
"ID(c)": 24049
},
{
"id": "trm_50f73d557c967",
"name": "Information Sampling Task",
"definition_text": "The Information Sampling Task (IST) tests impulsivity and decision making. The participant is presented with a 5x5 array of grey boxes on the screen, and two larger coloured panels below these boxes. The participant is instructed that they are playing a game for points, which they can win by making a correct decision about which colour is in the majority under the grey boxes. They must touch the grey boxes one at a time, which open up to reveal one of the two colours shown at the bottom of the screen. Once a box has been touched, it remains open. When the participant has made their decision about which colour is in the majority, they must touch the panel of that colour at the bottom of the screen to indicate their choice. After the participant has indicated their choice, all the remaining grey boxes on the screen reveal their colours and a message is displayed to inform the participant whether or not they were correct. The colours change from trial to trial. At the end of a trial the grey boxes are displayed on the screen again at a speed which depends on how fast the trial was completed, so that there is always at least 30 seconds between trials.\r\n\r\nThere are two conditions â the fixed win condition, in which the subject is awarded 100 points for a correct decision regardless of the number of boxes opened, and the decreasing win condition, in which the number of points that can be won for a correct decision starts at 250 and decreases by 10 points for every box touched. In either condition, an incorrect decision costs 100 points.",
"alias": "(IST)",
"ID(c)": 24050
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb0a01bfd05",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Words-in Noise Test",
"definition_text": "This test was developed by Dr. Richard Wilson to measure a personâs ability to recognize single words presented amid varying levels of background noise. It measures how much difficulty a person might have hearing in a noisy environment. A recorded voice instructs the participant to listen to and then repeat words. The task becomes increasingly difficult as the background noise gets louder. The best score that can be attained (35 correct) for either ear is -2.0 dB S/N, and the worst score (0 correct) is 26.0 dB S/N. Lower scores, therefore, are indicative of better performance on this test.",
"alias": "WIN",
"ID(c)": 24051
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb0dc6668e1",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "This measure of receptive vocabulary is administered in a computerized adaptive format. That is, the next question a participant receives depends on his/her response to the previous question; Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) ensures a test that is tailored to the participantâs needs. The respondent is presented with an audio recording of a word and four photographic images on the computer screen and is asked to select the picture that most closely matches the meaning of the word. ",
"alias": "TPVT",
"ID(c)": 24052
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb115b6c476",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Dimensional Change Card Sort Test",
"definition_text": "DCCS is a measure of cognitive flexibility. Two target pictures are presented that vary along two dimensions (e.g., shape and color). Participants are asked to match a series of bivalent test pictures \r\n(e.g., yellow balls and blue trucks) to the target pictures, first according to one dimension (e.g., color) and then, after a number of trials, according to the other dimension (e.g., shape). âSwitchâ trials are also employed, in which the participant must change the dimension being matched. For example, after four straight trials matching on shape, the participant may be asked to match on color on the next trial and then go back to shape, thus requiring the cognitive flexibility to quickly choose the correct stimulus.",
"alias": "DCCS",
"ID(c)": 24053
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb17385e9a6",
"name": "NIH Toolbox List Sorting Working Memory Test",
"definition_text": "The List Sorting test requires immediate recall and sequencing of different visually and orally presented stimuli. Pictures of different foods and animals are displayed with accompanying audio recording and written text (e.g., âelephantâ), and the participant is asked to say the items back in size order from smallest to largest, first within a single dimension (either animals or foods, called 1-List) and then on two dimensions (foods, then animals, called 2-List).",
"alias": "List Sorting",
"ID(c)": 24054
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb3b2d1de11",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Oral Reading Recognition Test",
"definition_text": " Separate but parallel reading tests have been developed in English and Spanish. In either language, the participant is asked to read and pronounce letters and words as accurately as possible. The test administrator scores them as right or wrong. For the youngest children, the initial items require them to identify letters (as opposed to symbols) and to identify a specific letter in an array of four symbols.",
"alias": "oral reading",
"ID(c)": 24055
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb461d446e1",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Oral Symbol Digit Test",
"definition_text": "In this test, a coding key with nine abstract symbols is presented â each paired with a number between 1 and 9. Participants are asked to orally indicate which numbers go with symbols that are presented in a long string on the computer screen. The participant is given 120 seconds to call out as many numbers that go with the corresponding symbols as he/she can â without skipping any. This test is administered to ages 8-85 and takes approximately three minutes. The Oral Symbol Digit Test is a measure of processing speed. It can be administered as an accommodation in place of the Pattern Comparison processing Speed Test for those with significant motor limitations in the upper extremities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24056
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb4d3d96ff8",
"name": "NIH Toolbox 9-Hole Pegboard Dexterity Test",
"definition_text": "This simple test of manual dexterity records the time required for the participant to accurately place and remove nine plastic pegs into a plastic pegboard. The protocol includes one practice and one timed trial with each hand. Raw scores are recorded as time in seconds it takes the participant to complete the task with each hand (separate score for each).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24057
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb51c2cd9fe",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Grip Strength Test",
"definition_text": "This protocol is adapted from the grip strength testing protocol of the American Society of Hand Therapy. Participants are seated in a chair with their feet touching the ground. With the elbow bent to 90 degrees and the arm against the trunk, wrist at neutral, participants squeeze the Jamar Plus Digital dynamometer as hard as they can for a count of three. The dynamometer provides a digital reading of force in pounds. A practice trial at less than full force and one test trial are completed with each hand.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24058
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb54d78841b",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Standing Balance Test",
"definition_text": "The Standing Balance Test is a measure developed to assess static standing balance. It involves the participant assuming and maintaining up to five poses for 50 seconds each. The sequence of poses is: eyes open on a solid surface, eyes closed on a solid surface, eyes open on a 18 foam surface, eyes closed on a foam surface, eyes open in tandem stance on a solid surface. Detailed stopping rules are in place to ensure participant safety with these progressively demanding poses. Postural sway is recorded for each pose using an accelerometer that the participant wears at waist level.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24059
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb585f62f24",
"name": "NIH Toolbox 4-Meter Walk Gait Speed Test ",
"definition_text": "This test is adapted from the 4-meter walk test in the Short Physical Performance Battery. Participants are asked to walk a short distance (four meters) at their usual pace. Participants complete one practice and then two timed trials. Raw scores are recorded as the time in seconds required to walk 4 meters on each of the two trials, with the better trial used for scoring. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24060
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb69a57bc96",
"name": "NIH Toolbox 2-Minute Walk Endurance Test",
"definition_text": "This test is adapted from the American Thoracic Societyâs 6-Minute Walk Test Protocol. This test measures sub-maximal cardiovascular endurance by recording the distance that the participant is able to walk on a 50-foot (out and back) course in two minutes. The participantâs raw score is the distance in feet and inches walked in two minutes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24061
},
{
"id": "trm_50f374718a91c",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Hearing Threshold Test",
"definition_text": "This automated audiometric test measures hearing thresholds at six different frequencies, separately in the left and right ears. The frequencies presented are: .5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 kHz. On each trial, the participantâs task is to detect whether a pure tone was presented via headphones by answering yes (tone heard) or no (tone not heard). Catch trials are administered to detect false-alarm responses (cases where the participant says âyesâ when no tone was presented).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24062
},
{
"id": "trm_50f37767e2958",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Hearing Handicap Inventory",
"definition_text": "This is the screening version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory; different versions are presented for adults (ages 18-64) and the elderly (ages 65+). Both versions are 10-item self-report measures of hearing-related disability that have been widely used in hearing research. Each of the ten items has three response options. Each item has three response options, assigned point values of 0, 2 or 4, with higher scores indicative of more of a self-reported problem for each item. The score provided for the test is thus a total summed score, ranging from 0-40.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24063
},
{
"id": "trm_50f379c6c9ea9",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Taste Intensity Test",
"definition_text": "This test measures the perceived intensity of quinine (a bitter tastant) and salt administered in liquid solutions. The tastants are each applied to the tip of the tongue as well as swished around in the whole mouth and are rated on a generalized labeled magnitude scale (gLMS). The gLMS is a measure of perceived intensity, with seven anchor labels provided (Strongest imaginable, Very strong, Strong, Moderate, Weak, Barely detectable, No sensation). Participants can rate their intensity by clicking with a computer mouse on any point on the scale from Strongest imaginable to No sensation. The computer records the exact location of the response. A score from 0-100 on a semi-logarithmic scale is produced for each of the four items (quinine whole mouth, salt whole mouth, quinine tip of tongue, salt tip of tongue), corresponding to the point on the gLMS where the participant clicked. A higher score represents greater perceived intensity of the tastant. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24064
},
{
"id": "trm_50f37caf81432",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test",
"definition_text": "This test directly measures participantsâ visual acuity or distance vision. The participant is seated 12.5 feet away from a computer monitor at eye level, and letters (called âoptotypesâ) are displayed one at a time on the screen for the participant to identify, using both eyes at the same time, with the participant wearing his/her normal corrective lenses for distance vision (glasses or contact lenses), if worn. As the participant successfully identifies optotypes of a given size, smaller ones appear on the screen, until the computer program ascertains the smallest-size optotype the participant can successfully see. Conversely, the program displays larger optotypes if the participant cannot see the size that is first displayed, until a size that he/she can accurately see is found. For participants ages 3-7, only the letters H, O, T and V are used, and children may point to a laminated card showing the letters if they cannot verbalize or recall the letter names. For participants ages 8 and above, the entire set of optotypes is used, following a common protocol used in professional vision testing. This is the standard binocular visual acuity measure scored in LogMAR units.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24065
},
{
"id": "trm_50f37f231aa4c",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Vision-Related Quality of Life Survey",
"definition_text": "This Toolbox Supplemental measure assesses an individualâs self-reported quality of life related to visual function in six different areas: color vision, distance vision, near vision, ocular symptoms, psycho-social and role performance. The participant responds to 53 questions, most of which start with, âHow much,â âTo what extent,â or âHow much of a problem,â choosing from a list of answer options ranging from âNot difficult at allâ to âVery difficult.â",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24066
},
{
"id": "trm_50f38098952cb",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Dynamic Visual Acuity Test",
"definition_text": "This test is a measure of gaze stability during head movement, which helps identify individuals who may have a deficit of the vestibular system (which regulates internal balance). First, the NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test must be administered, followed by the DVA Test. Participants are again seated 12.5 feet from a computer monitor at eye level. For the DVA Test, participants wear lightweight headgear that contains a rate sensor and are asked to move the head back and forth, as if indicating âno.â Once the head is measured to be moving at greater than 180 degrees per second by the rate sensor, an optotype flashes on the monitor, and the participant is asked to identify it. As with the Visual Acuity Test, only the letters H, O, T and V are used for ages 3-7, while ages 8+ use the entire letter set. Smaller optotypes are displayed as the participant correctly identifies letters, and larger ones are displayed if the participant cannot correctly identify the letter shown, until the computer has calculated the smallest size that the participant can see with the head moving. This is calculated separately for head rotation leftward and rightward from center (though the participant continues shaking the head both ways), and this performance is compared to the participantâs visual acuity when the head was stationary (the NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test score, sometimes referred to as âstaticâ visual acuity in the context of the DVA test). The difference between static and dynamic visual acuity represents the vestibular contribution to gaze stability. DVA scoring, as with visual acuity, is based in LogMAR units",
"alias": "DVA",
"ID(c)": 24067
},
{
"id": "trm_50f383e76e03b",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Odor Identification Test",
"definition_text": "This task assesses a personâs ability to identify various odors. Participants use scratch-andsniff cards and after scratching them one at a time, are asked to identify which of four pictures on the computer screen matches the odor they have just smelled. Participants ages 10-85 are administered nine odor cards, while those ages 3-9 are administered five odor cards. Child participants (ages 3-9 years) are first asked to identify the eight pictures used as answer choices to ensure they can complete the task. Having identified the pictures, they are asked if they have tasted or smelled the objects or foods depicted.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24068
},
{
"id": "trm_50f385a8269ce",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Pain Intensity Survey",
"definition_text": "This measure consists of a single item measuring immediate (i.e., acute) pain in adults. It asks a participant to rate level of pain experienced âover the last seven days.â The single item is simply scored on a 0-10 scale, with 0 representing no pain, and 10 representing the âworst imaginable pain.â",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24069
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3862422509",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Pain Interference Survey",
"definition_text": "This brief self-report scale measures the degree to which pain interferes with other activities in life in adults. Pain interference items were developed as part of the NIH PROMIS. Each item administered has a 5-point scale with options ranging from ânot at allâ to âvery muchâ on questions about how much pain interferes with aspects of oneâs life. The survey is scored using IRT methods.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24070
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3bc06cae36",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Positive Affect Survey",
"definition_text": "This self-report measure assesses both activated (i.e., happiness, joy) as well as unactivated (i.e., serenity, peace) aspects of positive affect. Affect is defined as "feelings that reflect a level of pleasurable engagement with the \r\nenvironment, such as happiness, joy, excitement, enthusiasm and contentment." Each item administered has a 5-point scale with options ranging from ânot at allâ to âvery much.â Each survey is scored using IRT methods.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24071
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3c003327c4",
"name": "NIH Toolbox General Life Satisfaction Survey",
"definition_text": "This self-report measure assesses global feelings and attitudes about one's life. A CAT is used for adults, a CAT version is used for ages 13-17, and a 5-item fixed-length form is used for ages 8-12, as well as for the parent-report version with ages 3-12. Items administered include those with both 5-point and 7-point scales, with options in each case ranging from âstrongly disagreeâ to âstrongly agree.â The self-report surveys are scored using IRT methods, whereas the parent-report version is scored as a raw sum.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24072
},
{
"id": "trm_50f5822624e53",
"name": "articulatory suppression task",
"definition_text": "A short-term memory task in which the subject must produce irrelevant speech while maintaining information in memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24073
},
{
"id": "trm_50f5bfef58abb",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Meaning and Purpose Survey",
"definition_text": "This is a self-report measure administered only to ages 18-85 as a CAT. In addition, a fixed-length self-report form is available for ages 18-85 as a supplemental measure. Items administered use a 5-point scale, with options ranging from âstrongly disagreeâ to âstrongly agree,â or from ânot at allâ to âvery much.â The survey is scored using IRT methods.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24074
},
{
"id": "trm_50f741a965470",
"name": "Graded Naming Test",
"definition_text": "The Graded Naming Test, developed by Professor Elizabeth Warrington and Dr Pat McKenna in 1980 , has been used extensively in cognitive neuropsychology. The Graded Naming Test (GNT) avoids the problem of ceiling effects in previous naming tests by having subjects name drawings of objects in ascending difficulty. Reduced efficiency in retrieving the name of an object can be the first and only indication of impaired language functioning. This test assesses object-naming ability, but is in addition graded in difficulty to allow for individual differences. This means that it may be able to detect any word-finding difficulty even in those with an extensive naming vocabulary. Currently available in UK English only (this test is culturally biased and there are no alternative versions at present).",
"alias": "(GNT)",
"ID(c)": 24075
},
{
"id": "trm_50f84bbdcfa4e",
"name": "One Touch Stockings of Cambridge",
"definition_text": "One Touch Stockings of Cambridge is a spatial planning task which gives a measure of frontal lobe function. OTS is a variant of the Stockings of Cambridge task and places greater demands on working memory as the participant has to visualise the solution. As for SOC (Stockings of Cambridge), the participant is shown two displays containing three coloured balls. The displays are presented in such a way that they can easily be perceived as stacks of coloured balls held in stockings or socks suspended from a beam. This arrangement makes the 3-D concepts involved apparent to the participant, and fits with the verbal instructions.\r\n\r\nThere is a row of numbered boxes along the bottom of the screen. The test administrator first demonstrates to the participant how to use the balls in the lower display to copy the pattern in the upper display, and completes one demonstration problem, where the solution requires one move. The participant must then complete three further problems, one each of 2 moves, 3 moves and 4 moves.\r\n\r\nNext the participant is shown further problems, and must work out in their head how many moves the solutions to these problems require, then touch the appropriate box at the bottom of the screen to indicate their response.",
"alias": "(OTS)",
"ID(c)": 24076
},
{
"id": "trm_50f84e8ab7af8",
"name": "Reaction Time",
"definition_text": "Reaction Time (RTI) is a latency task with a comparative history (the five choice task) and uses a procedure to separate response latency from movement time. It is more useful than CRT or SRT where it is necessary to control for tremor. The task is divided into five stages, which require increasingly complex chains of responses. In each case, the participant must react as soon as a yellow dot appears. In some stages the dot may appear in one of five locations, and the participant must sometimes respond by using the press-pad, sometimes by touching the screen, and sometimes both.",
"alias": "(RTI)",
"ID(c)": 24077
},
{
"id": "trm_50f8516279419",
"name": "Rapid Visual Information Processing",
"definition_text": "Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVP) is a test of sustained attention (similar to the Continuous Performance Task) and has proved useful in many studies in which drugs are used to help develop a disease model.. It is sensitive to dysfunction in the parietal and frontal lobe areas of the brain and is also a sensitive measure of general performance. A white box appears in the centre of the computer screen, inside which digits, from 2 to 9, appear in a pseudo-random order, at the rate of 100 digits per minute. Participants are requested to detect target sequences of digits (for example, 2-4-6, 3-5-7, 4-6-8) and to register responses using the press pad.",
"alias": "(RVP)",
"ID(c)": 24078
},
{
"id": "trm_50f852c084fde",
"name": "match to sample visual search",
"definition_text": "Match to Sample Visual Search (MTS) is a matching test, with a speed/accuracy trade-off. It is a simultaneous visual search task with response latency dissociated from movement time. Efficient performance on this task requires the ability to search among the targets and ignore the distractor patterns which have elements in common with the target. This test can help to differentiate between Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, and also between Lewy Body dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The participant is shown a complex visual pattern (the sample) in the middle of the screen, and then, after a brief delay, a varying number of similar patterns is shown in a circle of boxes around the edge of the screen. Only one of these boxes matches the pattern in the centre of the screen, and the participant must indicate which it is by touching it. Reaction time is measured on the basis of the release of the press-pad, which allows for its more accurate measurement.",
"alias": "(MTS)",
"ID(c)": 24079
},
{
"id": "trm_50f9952c2311a",
"name": "Penn Conditional Exclusion Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of abstraction and concept formation by hypothesis testing, where the principle shifts after its discovery is established.. Subjects decide which of 4 objects does not belong with the other 3 based on one of three sorting principles (e.g., shape, size, line thickness). Sorting principles change after 10 successive correct responses, and feedback is used to guide discovery of the principle and indicate its change. There are 4 alternate forms available. An accuracy score is calculated by multiplying the proportion of correct responses by the number of categories attained (out of 3 possible).",
"alias": "(PCET)",
"ID(c)": 24080
},
{
"id": "trm_50f998dcbfcc8",
"name": "Penn Word Memory Test",
"definition_text": "The Penn Word Memory Test presents 20 target words that are then mixed with 20 distractors equated for frequency, length, concreteness and low imageability. The participantâs score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils. Median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. A 20 min delayed recall procedure is also administered.",
"alias": "(PWMT)",
"ID(c)": 24081
},
{
"id": "trm_50f99e56117fe",
"name": "Penn Face Memory Test",
"definition_text": "presents 20 digitized faces that are then mixed with 20 distractors equated for age, gender and ethnicity. The participantâs score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils, and median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. The procedure is repeated at 20 min delay. ",
"alias": "(PFMT)",
"ID(c)": 24082
},
{
"id": "trm_50f9daf1c3834",
"name": "Visual Object Learning Test ",
"definition_text": "uses Euclidean shapes as stimuli with the same paradigm as the CNB word and face tests. The participantâs score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils, and again median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. The procedure is repeated at 20 min delay. Two forms are available for each test.",
"alias": "(VOLT)",
"ID(c)": 24083
},
{
"id": "trm_5106eae236c21",
"name": "WAIS-Information",
"definition_text": "The examinee 29 answers questions that address a broad range of general knowledge topics. This subtest measures the ability to acquire, retain, and retrieve general factual information. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24084
},
{
"id": "trm_5106eee90937a",
"name": "WAIS Digit Span",
"definition_text": "For Digit Span Forward, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in the same order. For Digit Span Backward, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in reverse order. For Digit Span Sequencing, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in ascending order. This subtest measures working memory, mental manipulation, cognitive flexibility, rote memory and learning, attention, and encoding. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24085
},
{
"id": "trm_5106f17025386",
"name": "WAIS Vocabulary",
"definition_text": "For picture items, the examinee names the object presented visually. For verbal items, the examinee defines words that are presented visually and orally. This subtest measures word knowledge and verbal concept formation. 35 words are defined in this measure of expressive word knowledge. It correlates very highly with Full Scale IQ.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24086
},
{
"id": "trm_5106f4dfe08b1",
"name": "WAIS Arithmetic",
"definition_text": "Working within a specified time limit, the examinee mentally solves a series of 14 arithmetic story type problems. This subtest measures mental manipulation, concentration, attention, short- and long-term memory, numerical reasoning ability, and mental alertness. Tests distractibility as well as numerical reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24087
},
{
"id": "trm_5106f82530aff",
"name": "WAIS Comprehension",
"definition_text": "The examinee answers questions based on his or her understanding of general principles and social situations. This subtest measures verbal reasoning and conceptualization, verbal comprehension and expression, the ability to evaluate and use past experience, and the ability to demonstrate practical knowledge and judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24088
},
{
"id": "trm_510703e93367e",
"name": "WAIS Similarities",
"definition_text": "The examinee is presented two words that represent common objects or concepts, and asked to describe how two seemingly dissimilar items might in fact be similar. This subtest measures verbal concept formation and reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24089
},
{
"id": "trm_5107067241007",
"name": "WAIS Picture Completion",
"definition_text": "Working within a specified time limit, the examinee views a picture with an important part missing and identifies the missing part. This subtest measures visual perception and organization, concentration, and visual recognition of essential details of objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24090
},
{
"id": "trm_51070ae889d95",
"name": "WAIS Picture Arrangement",
"definition_text": "The subject is given 10 small pictures and asked to arrange them in a logical sequence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24091
},
{
"id": "trm_51071fc87a61f",
"name": "WAIS Object Assembly",
"definition_text": "The subject is given 4 puzzles (like jigsaw puzzles) and must put together the pieces to form the intended shape. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24092
},
{
"id": "trm_512e7621189ad",
"name": "criteria task",
"definition_text": "A decision making task designed to test how individuals can use different criteria to classify perceptual stimuli. In the criteria with line stimuli version of the task, participants are asked to decide if lines are "big" or "small" compared to a criterion line that can differ in size. At the beginning of each block of trials, they are shown which criterion line to use for their decisions. In the criteria with dot stimuli version of the task, participants are asked to decide if a matrix of dots is "big" or "small" compared to a matrix of dots that can differ in size. At the beginning of each block of trials, they are shown which criterion matrix of dots to use for their decisions. \r\n",
"alias": "criteria, criteria task",
"ID(c)": 24093
},
{
"id": "trm_5181f863d24f4",
"name": "stop signal task with pseudo word naming",
"definition_text": "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24094
},
{
"id": "trm_5154906cbead5",
"name": "Change Detection Task",
"definition_text": "The subject is presented with an array, then after a short delay, presented with a second array. In the no-change condition, the second array is identical to the first. In the change condition, the second array differs by a single item. Subjects must identify whether a change has occurred or not, and if so, are often asked to point out the change. Other versions target different sensory abilities, such as auditory change detection or face change detection.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24095
},
{
"id": "trm_515495b718cd6",
"name": "AX-DPX",
"definition_text": "An alternative version of the AX-CPT in which the letter stimuli are replaced with simple dot patterns derived from Braille language. Dot patterns are more easily parametrically manipulated, and require less time between stimuli presentations because they are not as easily stored in working memory as letters, thus increasing the proportion of errors.",
"alias": "Dot Pattern Expectancy,Dot Probe Expectancy",
"ID(c)": 24096
},
{
"id": "trm_5736095d91380",
"name": "delayed intention task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a cue indicating which of several tasks to perform. After a delay phase, they see a task screen and perform the task. Typically, brain activity related to the tasks is analyzed during the delay period.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24097
},
{
"id": "trm_5176cf2c19e89",
"name": "mirror reading task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with mirror-reversed written stimuli and asked to process them in some way.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24098
},
{
"id": "trm_5176cf9d3d512",
"name": "living/nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with words in either plain text or mirror-reversed format, and are asked to judge whether the stimulus refers to a living or nonliving object. Items are presented in a mixed fashion and separated by whether each stimulus is a switch in presentation form from the previous trial.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24099
},
{
"id": "trm_5181fb7bf350b",
"name": "reversal weather prediction",
"definition_text": "is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on if the response was correct or incorrect. This may or may not be presented with other stimuli (ex-tones of different frequencies), but the goal of the task is to only pay attention the the classification task at hand. This is the same task as the weather prediction task but with the reward contingencies reversed\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24100
},
{
"id": "trm_51a637dfeffd5",
"name": "McGurk effect",
"definition_text": "An auditory illusion discovered by H. McGurk and J. MacDonald, demonstrating the contribution made by visible face movements to normal speech perception",
"alias": "McGurk-MacDonald effect",
"ID(c)": 24101
},
{
"id": "trm_51c453f64d2a6",
"name": "psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm",
"definition_text": "In this task, participants are required to select responses for two stimuli. The intervals between the two stimuli vary, but are usually so brief that the second stimulus often appears before the response to the first one is finished.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24102
},
{
"id": "trm_51d6fe3f3942f",
"name": "autism spectrum quotient",
"definition_text": "The Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) is used to assess if adults of average intelligent have symptoms typical of individuals in the autism spectrum. Published by Simon Baron-Cohen at the Autism Research Centre in Cambridge in 2001, it consists of fifty questions to assess social and communication skills, as well as imagination, attention to detail, and attention switching.\r\n\r\nSubscales: social skill (items 1,11,13,15,22,36,44,45,47,48)\r\nattention switching (items 2,4,10,16,25,32,34,37,43,46) \r\nattention to detail (items 5,6,9,12,19,23,28,29,30,49) \r\ncommunication (items 7,17,18,26,27,31,33,35,38,39) \r\nimagination (items 3,8,14,20,21,24,40,41,42,50) \r\n\r\nEach of the items listed above scores 1 point if the respondent records the abnormal or autistic-like behavior either mildly or strongly.\r\nâDefinitely agreeâ or âslightly agreeâ responses scored 1 point, on the following items: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12, 13, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26, 33, 35, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46. \r\nâDefinitely disagreeâ or âslightly disagreeâ responses scored 1 point, on the following items: 3, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 36, 37, 38, 40, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50.\r\n\r\nBaron-Cohen, S., et al. (2001). "The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger Syndrome/High-Functioning Autism, Malesand Females, Scientists and Mathematicians." Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders 31(1): 5-17.",
"alias": "AQ",
"ID(c)": 24103
},
{
"id": "trm_5206bf053acf4",
"name": "Piaget's Water Jar Task",
"definition_text": "This task tests whether children understand the principle of conservation, or the idea that two objects are still equivalent after a transformation of one of them. Specifically, the "Water Jar Task" tests if children have attained "conservation of liquid quantity." The child is asked to assess if the same amount of water in different glasses is in fact equal. ",
"alias": "water jug task, water jug problem",
"ID(c)": 24104
},
{
"id": "trm_5208fe678c652",
"name": "Social Responsiveness Scale",
"definition_text": "The social responsiveness scale (SRS) is a 65 item rating scale used to assess social awareness, social information processing, capacity for reciprocal social communication, social anxiety/avoidance, and autistic preoccupations and traits. The original SRS is completed by a parent or teacher for children from 4 to 18 years of age. The second version of the SRS is extended to 2.5 years into adulthood, validated on a larger sample, and allowing for self-report.\r\n\r\nSubscales Include:\r\n1. Social Awareness\r\n2. Social Cognition\r\n3. Social Communication\r\n4. Social Motivation\r\n5. Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior\r\n\r\nAdditionally, the Total Score reflects overall severity of social deficits.",
"alias": "SRS, SRS-2",
"ID(c)": 24105
},
{
"id": "trm_52167db323438",
"name": "Children's Memory Scale",
"definition_text": "The Children's Memory Scale (CMS) assesses attention, declarative memory, and learning for children from 5 to 16 years of age, specifically with subscales that reflect 1) Attention/Concentration, 2) Verbal Immediate, 3) Verbal Delayed, 4) Delayed Recognition, 5) Visual Immediate, 6) Visual Delayed, 7) Learning, and 8) General Memory.\r\n\r\nhttp://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-0-387-79948-3_1532/fulltext.html",
"alias": "CMS",
"ID(c)": 24106
},
{
"id": "trm_521687032f822",
"name": "Social Communication Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The Social Communication Questionnaire consists of 40 yes/no questions (answered by parents) to screen for autism spectrum disorders in children four years of age and older. Specifically, the questions ask about social functioning and communication skills. Two forms of the SCQ include the Lifetime and Current, which assesst behaviors for each of those periods. \r\n\r\nTheoretically derived subscales include 1) Reciprocal Social Interaction subscale, 2) Communication subscale, and 3) Restricted, Repetitive, and Stereotyped Patterns of Behavior subscale, although they have not been formally validated.\r\n\r\nQuestions 20 through 40 (Lifetime) focus on behaviors occurring between the ages of 4 and 5.\r\nTotal scores can range from 0 to 39\r\nThe first question is a language screening item that is not included in the final score.\r\nTotal SCQ raw score of ⥠15 is highly suggestive of ASD",
"alias": "SCQ, Autism Screening Questionnaire, ASQ",
"ID(c)": 24107
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7a0a73cf5",
"name": "aberrant behavior checklist - community",
"definition_text": "The Aberrant Behavior Checklist- Community version (ABC-C) is a symptom checklist for assessing problem behaviors of children and adults with mental retardation, to be completed by a parent, educator, or care-giver. The community version is specifically for individuals living at home. \r\n\r\nThe rater is asked to provide ratings for 58 specific symptoms to compute scores for the following subscales:\r\n\r\n 1. Irritability/Agitation\r\nâ 2. Lethargy/Social Withdrawal\r\n 3. Stereotypic Behavior\r\n 4. Hyperactivity/Noncompliance\r\n 5. Inappropriate Speech\r\n\r\nhttp://www.slossonnews.com/ABC.html",
"alias": "ABC, ABC-C",
"ID(c)": 24108
},
{
"id": "trm_523ca67b786d5",
"name": "adult behavior checklist",
"definition_text": "The Adult Behavior Checklist is a 126 item measure that assesses withdrawn, somatic, anxious/depressed, internalizing, intrusive, thought, attention, delinquent behavior, aggressive, and externalizing problems.",
"alias": "ABC, ABCL",
"ID(c)": 24109
},
{
"id": "trm_523df616da8a6",
"name": "adolescent symptom inventory",
"definition_text": "The Adolescent Symptom Inventory (4th version) is a 120 question rating scale that screens for 18 DSM-IV emotional and behavioral disorders in youths between 12 and 18 years old. These scores have shown a high correspondence with psychiatric diagnoses.",
"alias": "ASI, ASI-4",
"ID(c)": 24110
},
{
"id": "trm_523dfd5b7a9f1",
"name": "broad autism phenotype questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire (BAPQ) is designed to measure the BAP (the Broad Autism Phenotype, a set of personality and language characteristics that reflect the phenotypic expression of the genetic liability to autism) in adults. The subscales include: aloof personality, rigid personality, and pragmatic language.\r\n\r\nhttp://staff.science.uva.nl/~michiell/docs/HurleyEtAl2007.pdf",
"alias": "BAP",
"ID(c)": 24111
},
{
"id": "trm_523e10cad0ce6",
"name": "battelle developmental inventory",
"definition_text": "The Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI) is an assessment for children (newborn to 7 years 11 months) that assesses early childhood developmental milestones in the domains of personal-social, adaptive, motor, communication, and cognitive ability.",
"alias": "BDI",
"ID(c)": 24112
},
{
"id": "trm_523f58d91f2c0",
"name": "beery-buktenica developmental test of visual-motor integration",
"definition_text": "The Beery VMI is a screener for visual-motor deficits that can lead to learning, neuropsychological, and behavior problems, available in both a child and adult form. It also helps to assess the extent to which individuals can integrate their visual and motor abilities.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.pearsonassessments.com/HAIWEB/Cultures/en-us/Productdetail.htm?Pid=PAg105\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "Beery VMI",
"ID(c)": 24113
},
{
"id": "trm_523f5c17d7edb",
"name": "big five questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The BFQ is a self-report measure for assessing the big five personality dimensions of energy/extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional instability, and intellect/openness in youths.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019188690200051X",
"alias": "BFQ",
"ID(c)": 24114
},
{
"id": "trm_524055ac4fecf",
"name": "broader phenotype autism symptom scale",
"definition_text": "The Broader Phenotype Autism Symptom Scale (BPASS) measures traits that have likely effects on autism susceptibility genes, including social motivation, social expressiveness, conversational skills, and flexibility. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16868845",
"alias": "BPASS",
"ID(c)": 24115
},
{
"id": "trm_52405b6f7ebe9",
"name": "brief symptom inventory",
"definition_text": "The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) is a brief psychological self-report assessment intended to help measure psychological distress and psychiatric disorders in medical and community populations. It is a shorter version of the SCL-90-R.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6622612",
"alias": "BSI",
"ID(c)": 24116
},
{
"id": "trm_524b4a402c87e",
"name": "Child Behavior Checklist",
"definition_text": "The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) obtains reports from parents, relatives, and/or guardians about competencies and behavioral or emotional problems relating to social relations and school performance. This metric is intended for ages 6 through 18, and measures anxiety, depression, somatic complaints, social problems, thought and attention problems, and rule-breaking and aggressive behavior.",
"alias": "CBCL",
"ID(c)": 24117
},
{
"id": "trm_524b563fb87c8",
"name": "Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scales",
"definition_text": "The Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scale(s) is an instrument designed to provide a complete overview of child and adolescent behaviors, emotions, academic, and social problems. These scales include the DSM-IV symptom scales.\r\n",
"alias": "CBRS",
"ID(c)": 24118
},
{
"id": "trm_5255c99be1e53",
"name": "Children's Communication Checklist",
"definition_text": "The Childrenâs Communication Checklist is a 70 item questionnaire that assesses children's speech, vocabulary, sentence structure, and social language skills, to be filled out by an adult or caregiver. language and pragmatics.",
"alias": "CCC",
"ID(c)": 24119
},
{
"id": "trm_5258346e72223",
"name": "Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale",
"definition_text": "The CES-D scale is a short self-report scale designed to measure depressive symptomatology in the general population, and is composed of items from longer scales that have been previously validated.",
"alias": "CES-D",
"ID(c)": 24120
},
{
"id": "trm_525c4a78089ad",
"name": "Social Competence Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "A questionnaire to assess social competence in children.",
"alias": "ComQ",
"ID(c)": 24121
},
{
"id": "trm_525c4cb94bfff",
"name": "Conners 3rd Edition",
"definition_text": "The Conners 3 is an extended version of the Conners' Rating Scales-Revised that, in addition to the original metrics, assesses comorbid disorders such as Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Conduct Disorder. Specifically, it addresses:\r\n\r\nGeneral Psychopathology\r\nInattention\r\nHyperactivity/Impulsivity\r\nLearning Problems\r\nExecutive Functioning\r\nAggression\r\nPeer Relations\r\nFamily Relations\r\nADHD Inattentive\r\nADHD Hyperactive-Impulsive\r\nADHD Combined\r\nOppositional Defiant Disorder\r\nConduct Disorder",
"alias": "Conners 3",
"ID(c)": 24122
},
{
"id": "trm_525c56680c13c",
"name": "Children's Psychiatric Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "The Children's Psychiatric Rating Scale (CPRS) is a multidimensional rating scale of childhood psychopathology. It is not diagnostic, but rather a broad-ranging rating scale of symptoms and behaviors which may contribute to diagnosis. In addition, the scoring system enables the rating of severity of symptoms and presentation. Since the scale measures the presence or absence of symptoms over a particular period of time, it is a useful instrument of treatment efficacy and has regularly been the instrument of choice employed in clinical trials.\r\n\r\nFor more information, see http://www.springerreference.com/docs/html/chapterdbid/334435.html",
"alias": "CPRS",
"ID(c)": 24123
},
{
"id": "trm_525d847e2bd0b",
"name": "autism diagnostic interview - revised",
"definition_text": "the ADI-R is a comprehensive interview that provides a thorough assessment of individuals suspected of having autism or other autism spectrum disorders. It has proven highly useful for formal diagnosis as well as treatment and educational planning.",
"alias": "ADI-R",
"ID(c)": 24124
},
{
"id": "trm_526027c99b726",
"name": "Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing",
"definition_text": "The CTOPP-2 can be used to help evaluate phonological processing abilities as a prerequisite to reading fluency. The revised version of this popular assessment is now appropriate for use with children as young as 4 years old. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.pearsonassessments.com/HAIWEB/Cultures/en-us/Productdetail.htm?Pid=CTOPP2",
"alias": "CTOPP",
"ID(c)": 24125
},
{
"id": "trm_52602c143d3a9",
"name": "Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale",
"definition_text": "a widely used measure of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) symptom severity in youth.",
"alias": "CY-BOCS",
"ID(c)": 24126
},
{
"id": "trm_52602e2e0c43b",
"name": "Expressive Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Expressive Vocabulary Test assesses receptive and expressive vocabulary, and word retrieval.",
"alias": "EVT",
"ID(c)": 24127
},
{
"id": "trm_5262c98a09546",
"name": "Expressive One Word-Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Expressive One Word-Picture Vocabulary Test assesses English speaking vocabulary and verbal intelligence for individuals age 2 to 95 years.\r\n\r\nhttp://portal.wpspublish.com/portal/page?_pageid=53,272879&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL\r\n",
"alias": "EOWPVT",
"ID(c)": 24128
},
{
"id": "trm_5262cb3d852c0",
"name": "Leiter International Performance Scale",
"definition_text": "The Leiter International Performance Scale is an intelligence test for children ages 2 to 18 in the form of a strict performance scale. The test purports to "provide a nonverbal measure of general intelligence by sampling a wide variety of functions from memory to nonverbal reasoning." Because of the exclusion of language, it claims to be more accurate than other tests when testing children who cannot or will not provide a verbal response, including children who are non native speaking, or have autism, traumatic brain injury, speech impairment, and hearing problems.\r\n\r\nScales and subscales include: \r\n\r\nReasoning:\r\n\r\nClassification\r\nSequential order\r\nRepeated patterns\r\nDesign analogies\r\n\r\nVisualization:\r\n\r\nMatching\r\nFigure-ground\r\nPaper folding\r\nFigure rotation\r\nPicture context\r\nForm completion\r\n\r\nMemory:\r\n\r\nMemory span (Forward)\r\nMemory span (Backward)\r\nImmediate recognition\r\nDelayed recognition\r\nAssociative memory\r\nAssociative delayed memory\r\nSpatial memory\r\nVisual coding\r\n\r\nAttention:\r\nAttention sustained (marking one kind of figures printed on a page with several different figures)\r\nAttention divided (observing a display and simultaneously sorting cards correctly)\r\n\r\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiter_International_Performance_Scale",
"alias": "Leiter",
"ID(c)": 24129
},
{
"id": "trm_5262d6d7b2097",
"name": "Mullen Scales of Early Learning",
"definition_text": "The Mullen Scales of Early Learning encompass five scales used to assess cognitive and motor ability and development. Specifically, including Gross Motor, Visual Reception, Fine Motor, Expressive Language, and Receptive Language.",
"alias": "Mullen",
"ID(c)": 24130
},
{
"id": "trm_5262d903ae91d",
"name": "PDD Behavior Inventory",
"definition_text": "The Pervasive Developmental Disorder Behavioral Inventory assess responsiveness to intervention in children with a pervasive developmental disorder. The extended form assesses two categories, each including a set of subscales:\r\n\r\nApproach/Withdrawal Problems:\r\n\r\nSensory/Perceptual Approach\r\nRitualisms/Resistance to Change\r\nSocial Pragmatic Problems\r\nSemantic Pragmatic Problems\r\nArousal Regulation Problems (extended form)\r\nSpecific Fears (extended form)\r\nAggressiveness (extended form)\r\n\r\nReceptive/Expressive Social Communication Abilities:\r\n\r\nSocial Approach Behaviors\r\nExpressive Language\r\nLearning, Memory, and Receptive Language (extended form)",
"alias": "PDDBI",
"ID(c)": 24131
},
{
"id": "trm_5266bc6473fd8",
"name": "Preschool Language Scale",
"definition_text": "The Preschool Language Scale (PLS) provides a comprehensive assessment of language development, specifically it measures total language, auditory comprehension, and expressive communication. ",
"alias": "PLS",
"ID(c)": 24132
},
{
"id": "trm_5266bebe14d2e",
"name": "Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) is a vocabulary assessment to assess receptive and expressive vocabulary performance.",
"alias": "PPVT",
"ID(c)": 24133
},
{
"id": "trm_526943e3cbaaf",
"name": "Sensory Profile",
"definition_text": "The Sensory Profile is a test to assess sensory processing for a wide range of age groups. Domains (and subscles within domains) include:\r\n\r\n1) Sensory processing domain: auditory processing, visual processing, vestibular processing, touch processing, and multi-sensory processing, oral processing.\r\n\r\n2) Modulation domain: sensory processing related to endurance and tone, modulation related to body position and movement, modulation of movement affecting activity level, modulation of sensory input affecting emotional responses, modulation of visual input affecting emotional responses and activity level.\r\n\r\n3) Behavior and emotional responses: emotional/social responses, behavioral outcomes of sensory processing, items indicating threshold for response.\r\n\r\nhttps://www.pearsonassessments.com/HAIWEB/Cultures/en-us/Productdetail.htm?Pid=076-1638-008",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24134
},
{
"id": "trm_526af65b16c82",
"name": "Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales",
"definition_text": "The Stanford-Binet (SB) - the best and most popular intelligence test, is a Cognitive ability assessment used to measure intelligence (IQ). It measures five factors of cognitive ability: Fluid Reasoning, Knowledge, Quantitative Reasoning, Visual-Spatial Processing, and Working Memory. Each of these factors is tested in two separate domains, verbal and nonverbal.\r\n\r\nSubtests include: Vocabulary, Comprehension, Pattern Analysis, Quantitative, Bead Memory, and Memory for Sentences.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.stanfordbinet.net/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24135
},
{
"id": "trm_527138126fb20",
"name": "Test of Early Language Development",
"definition_text": "The Test of Early Language Development (TELD) is a standardized test to assess spoken language skills at early ages. Subtests include Receptive Language and Expressive Language, and these metrics yield an overall Spoken Language score.",
"alias": "TELD",
"ID(c)": 24136
},
{
"id": "trm_52713c85c0bd2",
"name": "Test of Adolescent and Adult Language",
"definition_text": "The Test of Adolescent and Adult Language (TOAL) measures spoken and written language abilities of adolescents and young adults with varying degrees of knowledge of the English language. It includes the following six subtests: Word opposites, word deviations, spoken analogies, word similarities, sentence combining, and orthographic usage.\r\n\r\nComposite scores include spoken language, written language, and general language.",
"alias": "TOAL",
"ID(c)": 24137
},
{
"id": "trm_527143a263937",
"name": "Test of Language Development",
"definition_text": "The Test of Language Development (TOLD) provides six subtests that measure components of spoken language, including 1) Sentence Combining, 2) Picture Vocabulary, 3) Word Ordering, 4) Relational Vocabulary, 5) Morphological Comprehension, and 6) Multiple Meanings.",
"alias": "TOLD",
"ID(c)": 24138
},
{
"id": "trm_52717a95a3b03",
"name": "Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales",
"definition_text": "The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales are the leading instrument for supporting the diagnosis of intellectual and developmental disabilities. It assesses an individual in the domains of communication, daily living skills, socialization, motor skills, and a maladaptive behavior index.",
"alias": "Vineland",
"ID(c)": 24139
},
{
"id": "trm_52718631bc934",
"name": "Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Development Profile",
"definition_text": "The Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Development Profile (CSBS) is an assessment to pick up early delays in social communication, expressive speech/language, and symbolic functioning.",
"alias": "CSBS",
"ID(c)": 24140
},
{
"id": "trm_5272806688e63",
"name": "Differential Ability Scales",
"definition_text": "The Differential Ability Scales (DAS) make an assessment about how a child processes information, and at cognitive abilities that are important for learning. Specifically, the test measures verbal and visual working memory, immediate and delayed recall, visual recognition and matching, processing and naming speed, phonological processing, and understanding of basic number concepts.",
"alias": "DAS",
"ID(c)": 24141
},
{
"id": "trm_5298e7a465b41",
"name": "Early Childhood Behavioral Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The Early Childhood Behavioral Questionnaire encompasses 18 scales, and 201 items to measure several aspects of temperament in toddlers. A short form (107 items; 18 scales), and a very short form (36 items; 3 broad scales) are available.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.bowdoin.edu/~sputnam/rothbart-temperament-questionnaires/instrument-descriptions/early-childhood-behavior.html",
"alias": "ECBQ",
"ID(c)": 24142
},
{
"id": "trm_5298ed1336e43",
"name": "Early Development Interview (EDI)",
"definition_text": "The Early Development Interview measures the following:\r\n\r\nCommunication\r\nRepetitive Behavior\r\nRegulatory\r\nSocial\r\nSensory\r\nTone\r\nFamily Changes\r\nChild Medical Events\r\nStressful Events\r\n\r\nhttp://ndar.nih.gov/ndar_data_dictionary.html?short_name=edi01\r\n",
"alias": "EDI",
"ID(c)": 24143
},
{
"id": "trm_5298f15fe0fcf",
"name": "Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test can be used to assess expressive language for individuals who have experienced stroke, concussion, traumatic brain injury, or neurodegenerative disease. \r\nThe test provides a comprehensive assessment of expressive and receptive vocabulary.\r\n \r\nhttp://www.proedinc.com/customer/productView.aspx?ID=2166",
"alias": "EOWPVT",
"ID(c)": 24144
},
{
"id": "trm_529911569b592",
"name": "Halstead-Reitan Battery",
"definition_text": "The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery is a combination of neuropsychological tests used to assess the possible physical aspects and localization of neurological damage. \r\n\r\nTrails A and B\r\nVerbal Fluency\r\nHalstead Category Test\r\nSpatial Positional Reasoning\r\nTactual Performance Test\r\nRhythm Test\r\nSpeech Sounds Perception Test\r\nFinger Oscillation Test\r\n\r\nand several ancillary tests. See: http://www.minddisorders.com/Flu-Inv/Halstead-Reitan-Battery.html for details.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24145
},
{
"id": "trm_529ce04b778b6",
"name": "Joint Attention / Social and Nonsocial Orienting Task",
"definition_text": "This task makes an assessment of the extent that a child can respond to different stimuli, or exhibit joint attention:\r\n\r\nhttp://ndar.nih.gov/ndar_data_dictionary.html?short_name=jasnot01\r\n\r\nI was not able to find the original paper detailing the task.",
"alias": "jasnot",
"ID(c)": 24146
},
{
"id": "trm_529ce3d22be3e",
"name": "Judgment of Line Orientation Task",
"definition_text": "This test is a standardized measure of visuospatial judgment. See http://www4.parinc.com/Products/Product.aspx?ProductID=JUDGMENTLINE",
"alias": "jol",
"ID(c)": 24147
},
{
"id": "trm_529ce6ecb35f8",
"name": "Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test",
"definition_text": "The Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT) measures both verbal and nonverbal ability.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.pearsonclinical.com/psychology/products/100000390/kaufman-brief-intelligence-test-second-edition-kbit2.html",
"alias": "KBIT,K-BIT",
"ID(c)": 24148
},
{
"id": "trm_529d087705bfa",
"name": "Loneliness Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "The loneliness rating scale is a 40 item questionnaire to assess current level of loneliness.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16367513",
"alias": "LRS",
"ID(c)": 24149
},
{
"id": "trm_534690b0e9dc5",
"name": "Overt word repetition",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented auditorily with words and asked to repeat them aloud.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24150
},
{
"id": "trm_5346927710e88",
"name": "Covert verb generation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with nouns and generate an associated verb silently.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24151
},
{
"id": "trm_534692ef3b5df",
"name": "Tapping task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are instructed to move a body part corresponding to a picture. The following instructions were issued: âYou have to tap your index finger when you see a picture of a finger, flex your foot when you see a picture of a foot, and purse your lips when you see a picture of lipsâ. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24152
},
{
"id": "trm_5346938eed092",
"name": "Landmark task",
"definition_text": "Subjects performed two alternate tasks, namely tell if a horizontal line is crossed precisely in the middle (LANDMARK) and tell if a horizontal line is crossed at all (DETECTION). The following instructions were used: âPress the button with your left index finger if the line is bisected in the middle otherwise press the button with your right fingerâ or âPress the button with your left index finger if the line is crossed otherwise press the button with your right fingerâ. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24153
},
{
"id": "trm_53c4465b0466f",
"name": "why/how task",
"definition_text": "The Why/How Task is a neuroimaging task for manipulating and measuring abstract conceptualization of sensory stimuli, especially social stimuli. In the version validated in Spunt and Adolphs (2014, NeuroImage), participants answer attributional (why) and factual (how) questions about visual social scenes using a yes/no manual response. The Why/How manipulation is attentional: Each photograph appears once as the target of a Why question, and once as the target of a How question. A standardized version of this task is available for download here: http://bobspunt.com/whyhow-localizer/. Further information can be acquired in the following paper: Spunt, R. P., & Adolphs, R. (2014). Validating why/how the contrast for functional MRI studies of Theory of Mind. NeuroImage. 99, 301-311.\r\n",
"alias": "yes/no why/how task, why/how localizer",
"ID(c)": 24154
},
{
"id": "trm_54e69c642d89b",
"name": "rest eyes closed",
"definition_text": "Subjects rest passively with their eyes closed. Often used as a baseline for comparison for other tasks.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24155
},
{
"id": "trm_54f93101b2fd8",
"name": "think/no-think task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are cued to either remember or suppress the memory for a specific association that was previously learned.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24156
},
{
"id": "trm_550b50095d4a3",
"name": "working memory fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This is the "working memory" task used in the Human Connectome Project. The category specific representation task and the working memory task are combined into a single task paradigm. Participants were presented with blocks of trials that consisted of pictures of places, tools, faces and body parts (non-mutilated parts of bodies with no ânudityâ). Within each run, the 4 different stimulus types were presented in separate blocks. Also, within each run, ½ of the blocks use a 2-back working memory task and ½ use a 0-back working memory task (as a working memory comparison). A 2.5 second cue indicates the task type (and target\r\nfor 0-back) at the start of the block. Each of the two runs contains 8 task blocks (10 trials of 2.5 seconds each, for 25 seconds) and 4 fixation blocks (15 seconds). On each trial, the stimulus is presented for 2 seconds, followed by a 500 ms inter-task interval (ITI). \r\n\r\nPotential Additional Event Related Contrasts: Researchers can also use the TAB.txt E-Prime\r\ndata files to generate the following potential event-related contrasts:\r\n\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Appendix_VI.pdf\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf\r\n\r\nReferences for Working Memory: Localizer (Drobyshevsky et al. 2006); Reliable across subjects (Drobyshevsky et al. 2006) and time (Caceres et al. 2009).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24157
},
{
"id": "trm_550b53d7dd674",
"name": "motor fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was adapted from the one developed by Buckner and colleagues (Buckner et al. 2011; Yeo et al. 2011). Participants are presented with visual cues that ask them to either tap their left or right fingers, or squeeze their left or right toes, or move their tongue to map motor areas. Each block of a movement type lasted 12 seconds (10 movements), and is preceded by a 3 second cue. In each of the two runs, there are 13 blocks, with 2 of tongue movements, 4 of hand movements (2 right and 2 left), and 4 of foot movements (2 right and 2 left). In addition, there are 3 15-second fixation blocks per run. This task contains the following events, each of which is computed against the fixation baseline.\r\n\r\nThis task is included in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 subject data release.\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf\r\n\r\nReferences for Motor Task: Localizer (Morioka et al. 1995; Bizzi et al. 2008; Buckner et al. 2011; Yeo et al. 2011).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24158
},
{
"id": "trm_550b54a8b30f4",
"name": "language processing fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was developed by Binder and colleagues (Binder et al. 2011) and uses the E-prime scripts provided by these investigators. The task consists of two runs that each interleave 4 blocks of a story task and 4 blocks of a math task. The lengths of the blocks vary (average of approximately 30 seconds), but the task was designed so that the math task blocks match the length of the story task blocks, with some additional math trials at the end of the task to complete the 3.8 minute run as needed. The story blocks present participants with brief auditory stories (5-9 sentences) adapted from Aesopâs fables, followed by a 2-alternative forcedchoice question that asks participants about the topic of the story. The example provided in the original Binder paper (p. 1466) is âFor example, after a story about an eagle that saves a man who had done him a favor, participants were asked, âWas that about revenge or reciprocity?â The math task also presents trials aurally and requires subjects to complete addition and subtraction problems. The trials present subjects with a series of arithmetic operations (e.g., âfourteen plus twelveâ), followed by âequalsâ and then two choices (e.g., âtwenty-nine or twentysixâ). Participants push a button to select either the first or the second answer. The math task is adaptive to try to maintain a similar level of difficulty across participants. For more details on the task, please see (Binder et al. 2011).\r\n\r\nReferences for Language Task: Reliable across subjects and robust activation (Binder et al.\r\n2011).\r\n\r\nThis task is included in the Human Connectome Project.\r\n\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24159
},
{
"id": "trm_550b557e5f90e",
"name": "social cognition (theory of mind) fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "Participants were presented with short video clips (20 seconds) of objects (squares, circles, triangles) that either interacted in some way, or moved randomly on the screen. These videos were developed by either Castelli and colleagues (Castelli et al. 2000) or Martin and colleagues (Wheatley et al. 2007). After each video clip, participants judge whether the objects had a mental interaction (an interaction that appears as if the shapes are taking into account each otherâs feelings and thoughts), Not Sure, or No interaction (i.e., there is no obvious interaction between the shapes and the movement appears random). Each of the two task runs has 5 video blocks (2 Mental and 3 Random in one run, 3 Mental and 2 Random in the other run) and 5 fixation blocks (15 seconds each). \r\n\r\nReferences for the Social Cognition Task: Reliable across subjects and robust activation\r\n(Castelli et al. 2000; Castelli et al. 2002; Wheatley et al. 2007; White et al. 2011).\r\n\r\nThis task is used in the Human Connectome Project.\r\n\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24160
},
{
"id": "trm_550b5a47aa23e",
"name": "relational processing fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was adapted from the one developed by Christoff and colleagues (Smith et al. 2007). The stimuli are 6 different shapes filled with 1 of 6 different textures. In the relational processing condition, participants are presented with 2 pairs of objects, with one pair at the top of the screen and the other pair at the bottom of the screen. They are told that they should first decide what dimension differs across the top pair of objects (differed in shape or differed in texture) and then they should decide whether the bottom pair of objects also differ along that same dimension (e.g., if the top pair differs in shape, does the bottom pair also differ in shape). In the control matching condition, participants are shown two objects at the top of the screen and one object at the bottom of the screen, and a word in the middle of the screen (either âshapeâ or âtextureâ). They are told to decide whether the bottom object matches either of the top two objects on that dimension (e.g., if the word is âshapeâ, is the bottom object the same shape as either of the top two objects. For both conditions, the subject responds yes or no using one button or another. For the relational condition, the stimuli are presented for 3500 ms, with a 500 ms ITI, and there are four trials per block. In the matching condition, stimuli are presented for 2800 ms, with a 400 ms ITI, and there are 5 trials per block. Each type of block (relational or matching) lasts a total of 18 seconds. In each of the two runs of this task, there are 3 relational blocks, 3 matching blocks and 3 16-second fixation blocks.\r\n\r\nReferences for the Relational Processing Task: Localizer (Smith et al. 2007).\r\n\r\nThis task is included in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 Dataset Release\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24161
},
{
"id": "trm_550b5b066d37b",
"name": "emotion processing fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was adapted from the one developed by Hariri and colleagues (Hariri et al. 2002). Participants are presented with blocks of trials that either ask them to decide which of two faces presented on the bottom of the screen match the face at the top of the screen, or which of two shapes presented at the bottom of the screen match the shape at the top of the screen. The faces have either an angry or fearful expression. Trials are presented in blocks of 6 trials of the same task (face or shape), with the stimulus presented for 2000 ms and a 1000 ms ITI. Each block is preceded by a 3000 ms task cue (âshapeâ or âfaceâ), so that each block is 21 seconds including the cue. Each of the two runs includes 3 face blocks and 3 shape blocks, with 8 seconds of fixation at the end of each run.\r\n\r\nThis task is included in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 subject data release.\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf\r\n\r\nReferences for the Emotion Processing Task: Localizer (Hariri et al. 2002); Moderate reliability\r\nacross time (Manuck et al. 2007).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24162
},
{
"id": "trm_550b5c1a7f4db",
"name": "gambling fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was adapted from the one developed by Delgado and Fiez (Delgado et al. 2000). Participants play a card guessing game where they are asked to guess the number on a mystery card (represented by a â?â) in order to win or lose money. Participants are told that potential card numbers range from 1-9 and to indicate if they think the mystery card number is more or less than 5 by pressing one of two buttons on the response box. Feedback is the number on the card (generated by the program as a function of whether the trial was a reward, loss or neutral trial) and either: 1) a green up arrow with â$1â for reward trials, 2) a red down arrow next to -$0.50 for loss trials; or 3) the number 5 and a gray double headed arrow for neutral trials. The â?â is presented for up to 1500 ms (if the participant responds before 1500 ms, a fixation cross is displayed for the remaining time), following by feedback for 1000 ms. There is a 1000 ms ITI with a â+â presented on the screen. The task is presented in blocks of 8 trials that are either mostly reward (6 reward trials pseudo randomly interleaved with either 1 neutral and 1 loss trial, 2 neutral trials, or 2 loss trials) or mostly loss (6 loss trials pseudorandomly interleaved with either 1 neutral and 1 reward trial, 2 neutral trials, or 2 reward trials). In each of the two runs, there are 2 mostly reward and 2 mostly loss blocks, interleaved with 4 fixation blocks (15 seconds each).\r\n\r\nThis task is part of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 subject data relase.\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf\r\n\r\nReferences for Gambling Task: Reliable across subjects and robust activation in fMRI (Delgado\r\net al. 2000; May et al. 2004; Tricomi et al. 2004; Forbes et al. 2009)",
"alias": "gambling task",
"ID(c)": 24163
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c2645167e",
"name": "Tone Matching",
"definition_text": "The tone matching task is designed to measure pitch perception. Subjects are presented with pairs of tones and are asked to indicate whether they sounded the same or different.\r\n\r\nSource: http://davidileitman.com/tone-matching-task/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24164
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c2d8d7b1d",
"name": "Deviance Detection",
"definition_text": "Detect the change in sound from one stimulus to another",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24165
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c329eb334",
"name": "Regularity and Change Detection",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24166
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c3eaa3fb7",
"name": "Speech Detection",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24167
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c4bb1d1ee",
"name": "Bistability",
"definition_text": "When viewing an image with multiple interpretations, subjective perception alternates stochastically between the different interpretations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24168
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c5f2ad56f",
"name": "Tone Detection (JND)",
"definition_text": "just-noticeable difference or JND is the amount something must be changed in order for a difference to be noticeable, detectable at least half the time",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24169
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c7f17de9f",
"name": "Vernier discrimination task",
"definition_text": "observers judge whether one line is displaced above or below a second line",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24170
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c85ed1e8d",
"name": "contour integration task",
"definition_text": "observers are asked to detect the presence of a contour of Gabor elements embedded in a background of similar but otherwise unrelated elements",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24171
},
{
"id": "trm_551b05e03be48",
"name": "perceptual closure task",
"definition_text": "the ability to form coherent mental pictures with very little visual information. Perceptual closure is a process whereby an incomplete stimulus is perceived to be complete.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24172
},
{
"id": "trm_551b06cf9783b",
"name": "Parallel/serial search",
"definition_text": "In a serial search, you look at one item at a time, and respond as soon as you see a target. In a parallel search, you look at multiple items at a time and the relevant aspect of the target can be detected quickly regardless of how many distractors there are.",
"alias": "Visual search task",
"ID(c)": 24173
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0bb59173d",
"name": "contour interpolation task",
"definition_text": "Contour interpolation mechanisms allow perception of bounded objects despite incomplete edge information. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24174
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0c0a742d2",
"name": "lateral facilitation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24175
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0c616de16",
"name": "coherent motion",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24176
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0cdcde976",
"name": "multistability",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24177
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0d687ee33",
"name": "figure ground task",
"definition_text": "find the figure that is embedded in the background, ignoring the background",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24178
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0dc4e4359",
"name": "visual illusion susceptibility",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24179
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0e17c6c76",
"name": "cross modality",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24180
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0e6b88363",
"name": "perceptual organization",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24181
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0ee81fb6b",
"name": "object perception task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24182
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0f2b930ab",
"name": "object recognition task",
"definition_text": "Object recognition is the ability to perceive an objectâs physical properties (such as shape, colour and texture) and apply semantic attributes to the object, which includes the understanding of its use, previous experience with the object and how it relates to others.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24183
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0fd03d7d8",
"name": "retinotopic representation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24184
},
{
"id": "trm_551b1004bc652",
"name": "local computation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24185
},
{
"id": "trm_551b107c5c111",
"name": "object classification",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24186
},
{
"id": "trm_551b1460e89a3",
"name": "auditory scene perception",
"definition_text": "Any task that requires the perception of complex auditory stimuli, such as music",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24187
},
{
"id": "trm_551b14d7d5882",
"name": "gating",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24188
},
{
"id": "trm_551b153bc78fc",
"name": "self monitoring task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24189
},
{
"id": "trm_551b15af981c6",
"name": "action-perception loop",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24190
},
{
"id": "trm_551b17b190582",
"name": "intensity for somatosensory stimulation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24191
},
{
"id": "trm_551b1b6f6a262",
"name": "auditory masking task",
"definition_text": "Auditory masking occurs when the perception of one sound is affected by the presence of another sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24192
},
{
"id": "trm_551efd39a74dd",
"name": "Re-entrant processing",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24193
},
{
"id": "trm_551efd8a98162",
"name": "emotion expression identification",
"definition_text": "participants are presented with faces whose expressions slowly change from neutral to full intensity",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24194
},
{
"id": "trm_551efdcd10677",
"name": "contrast sensitivity test",
"definition_text": "A contrast sensitivity test measures your ability to distinguish between finer and finer increments of light versus dark (contrast).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24195
},
{
"id": "trm_551efdfd1a356",
"name": "Face Identification task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24196
},
{
"id": "trm_551efeacb9deb",
"name": "Manipulation of ISI",
"definition_text": "The interstimulus interval (ISI) is the temporal interval between the offset of one stimulus to the onset of another",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24197
},
{
"id": "trm_551eff0fdab74",
"name": "Novelty detection task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24198
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0634b2607",
"name": "Spatial cuing paradigm",
"definition_text": "spatial cueing task has been used to measure manual and eye-movement reaction times to target stimuli in order to investigate the effects of covert orienting of attention in response to different cue conditions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24199
},
{
"id": "trm_551f06a08dcc4",
"name": "attentional blink paradigm",
"definition_text": "Attentional blink is a phenomenon observed in rapid serial visual presentation. When presented with a sequence of visual stimuli in rapid succession at the same spatial location on a screen, a participant will often fail to detect a second salient target occurring in succession if it is presented between 180-450 ms after the first one. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24200
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0713a5a17",
"name": "Inter-modal selective attention task",
"definition_text": "subjects attend selectively to auditory or visual stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24201
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0757982bc",
"name": "Blocked channel-selection task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24202
},
{
"id": "trm_551f07a281283",
"name": "Distraction paradigm (capture)",
"definition_text": "-",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24203
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0857e1db8",
"name": "ANT task",
"definition_text": "The ANT is a task designed to test three attentional networks in children and adults: alerting, orienting, and executive control. Efficiency of the alerting network is examined by changes in reaction time resulting from a warning signal. Efficiency of orienting is examined by changes in the reaction time that accompany cues indicating where the target will occur. The efficiency of the executive network is examined by requiring the participant to respond by pressing two keys indicating the direction (left or right) of a central arrow surrounded by congruent, incongruent or neutral flankers.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24204
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0a8b5ba2c",
"name": "Sternberg Item Recognition Task",
"definition_text": "is a working memory task requiring participants to first encode a set of digits (encode-phase) and then to maintain them âon-lineâ in WM while responding to each of the probe digits that follow by indicating whether or not it was a member of the memorized set (probe-phase).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24205
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0b18d7ca0",
"name": "Running Memory",
"definition_text": "in running memory task , a list ends unpredictably and the last few items are to be recalled.",
"alias": "running memory span task",
"ID(c)": 24206
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0b9654d23",
"name": "Simple span task",
"definition_text": "The test begins with two to three numbers, increasing until the person commits errors. At the end of a sequence, the person being tested is asked to recall the items in order.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24207
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0c294ce23",
"name": "Continuous Performance Test - AX version",
"definition_text": "A version of the continuous performance task in which subjects are told to make one response for the letter X when it was preceded by the letter A, and another response for all other stimuli. AX trials are "target trials"; in these types of trials a valid cue is followed by a valid probe. The 3 other trial types are "Non-target trials" in which either a valid cue is followed by an invalid probe ("AY" type trials) or an invalid cue is followed by either a valid or invalid probe ("BX" or "BY" probes, respectively).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24208
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0cc82ed49",
"name": "Sequence encoding",
"definition_text": "test the ability to encode a sequence of letters or words into memory in the presence or absence of distractors",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24209
},
{
"id": "trm_551f103b3edeb",
"name": "Sequence reproduction",
"definition_text": "requires tapping keys as rapidly and as accurately as possible to reproduce different finger movement sequences demonstrated on a visual display panel.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24210
},
{
"id": "trm_551f1491a2fe8",
"name": "Transitive inference task",
"definition_text": "Transitive inference is a form of inferential reasoning. For example, if A > B and B > C and C > D and D > E, then it can be concluded without being told than B > D. "greater than (>)" can be replaced with any other (supposedly) transitive relation, such as "better than" or "darker-colored than".",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24211
},
{
"id": "trm_551f151f7347e",
"name": "acquired equivalence",
"definition_text": "Acquired equivalence is a paradigm in which generalization is increased between two superficially dissimilar stimuli (or antecedents) that have previously been associated with similar outcomes (or consequents).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24212
},
{
"id": "trm_552174863d51e",
"name": "Naming tasks",
"definition_text": "Tests ability to retrieve words ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24213
},
{
"id": "trm_552174d3b61fb",
"name": "Verbal description of visual depiction",
"definition_text": "Verbal descriptions of visual depictions of events and states",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24214
},
{
"id": "trm_5521752956bb2",
"name": "Corpus analysis",
"definition_text": "Linguistic corpus-based analysis of language output",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24215
},
{
"id": "trm_55217860a9dea",
"name": "Coherent/Incoherent discourse distinction task",
"definition_text": "Measures ability to distinguish between coherent and incoherent sentences and discourse",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24216
},
{
"id": "trm_55217a446eb3b",
"name": "Discourse content questions",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24217
},
{
"id": "trm_55217a9f473f0",
"name": "Listening and reading task",
"definition_text": "Listening and reading times to critical words and regions in linguistic input",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24218
},
{
"id": "trm_55217b48995ce",
"name": "Eye tracking paradigms",
"definition_text": "Patterns of eye movements to critical words and regions in linguistic input",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24219
},
{
"id": "trm_55217bd86ee12",
"name": "Mouse tracking paradigms",
"definition_text": "Patterns of motor movements to critical words and regions in linguistic input",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24220
},
{
"id": "trm_55217c8179b00",
"name": "Visual world paradigm",
"definition_text": "Patterns of eye movements to non-verbal visual stimuli during spoken language comprehension",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24221
},
{
"id": "trm_55217d7fbfdba",
"name": "Manipulation of predictability and acceptability",
"definition_text": "Manipulations of predictability and acceptability, at different levels of representation, in a linguistic input.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24222
},
{
"id": "trm_55217e77441b0",
"name": "Manipulation of language and non-verbal behaviors",
"definition_text": "Experimental manipulations of relationships between language and non-verbal behaviors",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24223
},
{
"id": "trm_5521807e50549",
"name": "Sentence/discourse content test",
"definition_text": "Measures the ability to answer questions about the content of sentences and discourse",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24224
},
{
"id": "trm_55218116cbf40",
"name": "Manipulation of individual words",
"definition_text": "Experimental manipulations of different types of relationships between individual words in priming paradigms",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24225
},
{
"id": "trm_552181d7be45e",
"name": "Manipulation of coherence and cohesion",
"definition_text": "Experimental manipulations of different types of coherence and cohesion between clauses in discourse",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24226
},
{
"id": "trm_552184243d7ab",
"name": "Surface properties of object paradigms",
"definition_text": "For intermediate vision, nonlocal properties of images, transformations beyond retinotopic representations (e.g., surface properties of the object independent of light, head position)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24227
},
{
"id": "trm_55218536d1710",
"name": "Time-series of response time",
"definition_text": "To extract variability and frequency domain analysis",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24228
},
{
"id": "trm_55295382db2c5",
"name": "non-spatial cuing paradigm",
"definition_text": "Unlike in spatial cuing task where left, right, up, down arrows shows the direction to which the stimuli appear, in non-spatial cuing task the directions right, left, up, and down are replaced by the words e.g., quick, slow, good, and bad avoiding providing spatial cues to the stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24229
},
{
"id": "trm_5535623c2536a",
"name": "Muller-Lyer Illusion",
"definition_text": "An optical illusion consisting of a stylized arrow. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24230
},
{
"id": "trm_5536be03400e7",
"name": "Motion processing",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24231
},
{
"id": "trm_553e6b8e33da4",
"name": "predictive-inference helicopter task",
"definition_text": "This task involves repeatedly predicting the next in a sequence of numbers. The inference problem is embedded in a cover task in which the number corresponded to the horizontal position at which a bag of money would drop from a helicopter concealed behind clouds. The objective is to catch coins in a bucket by predicting where the bag lands, and this is equivalent to inferring the generative mean (i.e., the position of the helicopter) and centering the bucket at that position. Learning rate can be measured by the shift in the participant's prediction and the prediction error. \r\n\r\nThe description above, as well as full details of the task: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627314009118#sec4",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24232
},
{
"id": "trm_553e73e29cf7d",
"name": "contextual semantic priming task",
"definition_text": "This task presents blocks of fixation and words, with the words varying in the degree to which they are predictable (given the context of the previous words). On each trial, a fixation cross is presented followed by a visual prompt (asterisk) and a sequence of five centrally presented words (in lower case). The experimental variable is the predictability of the terminal, target word, represented in four conditions (Congruent == highly predictable,Incongruent == target word is highly predictable, but the prediction was violated by presenting a terminal word that was inappropriate given the context, Scrambled == initial four words did not establish a context for a grammatical sentence and the target word was not predictable, and Letter String == meaningless letter strings of identical consonants as a control). After presentation of the target word, the participant is asked if the sentence is meaningful. The above description was derived from (and full details are available) here: http://www.jneurosci.org/content/34/8/2871.full",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24233
},
{
"id": "trm_553e77887abc7",
"name": "Becker-Degroot-Marschak (BDM) procedure",
"definition_text": "This is an economics-derived task that broadly measures willingness to pay (WTP). Implementations generally involve the participant formulating a bid, and comparing the bid to a randomly generated price. If bid > price, the participant pays the price and receives the item. If bid ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24234
},
{
"id": "trm_553e77e53497d",
"name": "cue approach task",
"definition_text": "This task is a type of cue-approach training in which participants observe images of individual food items presented for 1 s and are instructed to press a button as fast as possible (before the image disappears) only when they hear a tone (i.e., Go trials). There is no feedback to the participants regarding the success of the button press in the allotted time window. Full details can be read about: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n4/full/nn.3673.html",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24235
},
{
"id": "trm_553e85265f51e",
"name": "functional localizer fMRI tasks",
"definition_text": "This is a simple and fast acquisition procedure based on a 5-minute functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence that can be run as easily and as systematically as an anatomical scan. This protocol captures the cerebral bases of auditory and visual perception, motor actions, reading, language comprehension and mental calculation at an individual level. Individual functional maps are reliable and quite precise. This description, and full details are available at: http://www.unicog.org/pm/pmwiki.php/Site/FunctionalLocalizer",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24236
},
{
"id": "trm_553e8882e3cb6",
"name": "Ultimatum Game (UG)",
"definition_text": "A social interactive bargaining task that measures social preferences via the degree to which participants accept unfair and unequal offers. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimatum_game",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24237
},
{
"id": "trm_553e88a66b676",
"name": "social bargaining fMRI task",
"definition_text": "This is an instantiation of the Ultimatum Game (UG) in fMRI. In this game, a proposer is charged with splitting a sum of money with a partner. The responder decides either to accept or reject this proposed offer. If accepted, the money is split as suggested, but if rejected then neither player receives anything. The parterns can be a combination of real people, computers. Offers are preceded by a picture of the partner for that round, and partner pictures are randomly paired to an offer amount. Full details of the task are available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3594719/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24238
},
{
"id": "trm_553eb28436233",
"name": "multi-attribute reward-guided decision task",
"definition_text": "Participants are trained on the relative likelihood of receiving a reward on a set of images,"stimuli," and a set of button presses, "actions," and learn action-reward probabilities and stimulus-reward probabilities (pS) separately by performing pairwise choices between two randomly selected alternatives from each set. Choosing the better or worse of the two options gives positive or negative feedback (smiley and sad faces). For the actual task, participants performed a three-option choice task in which each option comprised one previously learned stimulus and one previously learned action. They are instructed to weight stimulus and action information equally on each trial and select the best option to obtain points that subsequently converted into monetary reward. This summarized text, and full details are available: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n11/full/nn.3836.html#f1 ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24239
},
{
"id": "trm_553eb45e2b709",
"name": "social judgment of faces task",
"definition_text": "This task aims to measure social judgment in the domains of trustiness, attractiveness, happiness, and cognitive age. Participants are shown pictures of human faces, are required to compare the face pair based on 4 different questions: â(Who do you regard as) More trustworthy?,â âMore attractive?,â âHappier?,â and âOlder?.â",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24240
},
{
"id": "trm_553ebfc390256",
"name": "perceptual discrimination task",
"definition_text": "Participants are asked to distinguish a gabor display that is "popping out" from one that is not, and rate their confidence on the decision on a scale of 1 (low confidence) to 6 (high confidence). Full details are available: http://www.jneurosci.org/content/33/42/16657.full#F1",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24241
},
{
"id": "trm_553ec40d44c51",
"name": "Numerical Working Memory Task",
"definition_text": "a sequence of numeric stimuli was encoded and participants were intermittently probed regarding the parity of the prior stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24242
},
{
"id": "trm_553ec64e6cb1b",
"name": "associative memory encoding task",
"definition_text": "Broadly, participants are taught to visually identify a facial feature or face, link a phonological cue or name to that feature or face, and either recall the associated name/cue or recognize it from a list\r\n\r\nSpecifically, this is an associative memory encoding task for which participants are asked to remember names paired with pictures of faces, and rate their confidence on the assertion.",
"alias": "declarative memory encoding task",
"ID(c)": 24243
},
{
"id": "trm_553fbba5d5327",
"name": "Object Rating Task",
"definition_text": "Any task where participants are asked to evaluate preferences for one or more stimuli on a scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24244
},
{
"id": "trm_553fbbf79ebc5",
"name": "social influence for food preferences task",
"definition_text": "This task assesses the impact of social influence on ratings for healthy and unhealthy foods. Participants are shown images of foods, and asked to rate how much they would like to eat each food on a scale [1,8]. Participants are then shown an "average" rating from their peers that will either be much lower, higher, or the same, and this procedure is followed by another block to ask participants to re-evaluate foods after exposure to the peer ratings. Paper is available at: http://ssnl.stanford.edu/publications (Social norms shift behavioral and neural responses to foods. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24245
},
{
"id": "trm_553fd2fc7a648",
"name": "complex trait judgment task",
"definition_text": "This task aims to measure judgment in the domains of trustworthiness (social), attractiveness (social), happiness (affective), and cognitive age (cognitive). Participants are presented with stimuli are required to evaluate each voice based on 4 different questions: â(Who do you regard as) More trustworthy?,â âMore attractive?,â âHappier?,â and âOlder?.â Judgments may be made based on stimuli including voices, faces, or other characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24246
},
{
"id": "trm_553fc63a54ae6",
"name": "motion discrimination task",
"definition_text": "any task for which a participant views stimuli with some proportion moving in a particular direction and must decide the direction the stimuli is moving in",
"alias": "direction discrimination task",
"ID(c)": 24247
},
{
"id": "trm_553fc858cacc5",
"name": "consensus decision-making task",
"definition_text": "A participant must come to consensus with a set of other participants on a choice between two items. If consensus is reached, the item is obtained and the next block begins. If consensus is not reached, the next trial contains the same choice. If consensus is not reached by the end of the block, no item is gained. The experiment uses actual people, and the control condition uses has th participant interacting with a computer algorithm. Full details: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627315002159",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24248
},
{
"id": "trm_553fcbbe974ba",
"name": "stop signal walking task with stroop",
"definition_text": "Participants walk around a virtual reality environment controlled by a foot pedal and must respond to STOP and WALK commands. In a low cognitive load condition, participants respond to these commands verbatim. In a high cognitive load condition, participants are presented with stroop stimuli, and congruent words == WALK, and incongruent words == STOP. Full details: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0052602",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24249
},
{
"id": "trm_553fce5d21da7",
"name": "Bistable percept paradigm",
"definition_text": "a computer-based task that requires participants to evaluate a battery of monochromatic âmonostableâ and âbistableâ percepts and impaired performance on this task distinguishes those PD patients who experience VH. From: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hbm.22321/full",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24250
},
{
"id": "trm_55492d262a847",
"name": "Manipulation of predictability",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24251
},
{
"id": "trm_5550e5011ce10",
"name": "audio narrative",
"definition_text": "Audio narratives tell stories through sound alone: narration, interviews, live and archival sound recordings, environmental soundscapes, sound effects, found sounds, etc. Audio narratives use storytelling along with other audio means to create intimate experiences through characters, plot, and setting.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24252
},
{
"id": "trm_5585c83d15fad",
"name": "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index",
"definition_text": "The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a self-rated questionnaire which assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month time interval. Nineteen individual items generate seven "component" scores: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of scores for these seven components yields one global score.\r\n\r\nfrom http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2748771",
"alias": "PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire",
"ID(c)": 24253
},
{
"id": "trm_5586ff878155d",
"name": "Adult ADHD Clinical Diagnostic Scale",
"definition_text": "A primary diagnostic measure developed to establish the presence of current adult symptoms of ADHD. This is an 18-item, clinician-based, semistructured interview hat employs adult-specific language to ensure adequate probing of adult manifestations of ADHD symptoms. The 18 items in the scale correspond to the 18 diagnostic criteria in the DSM criteria.\r\n\r\nFrom: http://www.adhdandyou.com/hcp/adult-adhd-screening.aspx",
"alias": "ACDS",
"ID(c)": 24254
},
{
"id": "trm_558702243da12",
"name": "Young Mania Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "The Young Mania Rating Scale is an eleven-item, multiple-choice diagnostic questionnaire that psychiatrists use to measure the severity of manic episodes in patients. The scale was originally developed for use in the evaluation of adult patients who were suffering from bipolar disorder, but has since been modified for use in pediatric patients. A similar scale was then developed to allow clinicians to interview parents about their children's symptoms, in order to ascertain a better diagnosis of mania in children. Clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the parent version of the scale.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Mania_Rating_Scale",
"alias": "YMRS",
"ID(c)": 24255
},
{
"id": "trm_558c324478d22",
"name": "Multi-class n-back task",
"definition_text": "An n-back task including faces, scenes, and chinese characters as stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24256
},
{
"id": "trm_558c3350c6a9f",
"name": "Stop signal task with dot motion discrimination",
"definition_text": "A stop signal task in which the primary task is a dot motion discrimination task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24257
},
{
"id": "trm_558c33e7714ba",
"name": "multi-object localizer task",
"definition_text": "A task involving presentation of multiple classes of visual objects, meant to localize category-specific regions of visual cortex. The subject monitors for a target (red dot) and responds when target appears.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24258
},
{
"id": "trm_558c35979a284",
"name": "Sentence/nonword language localizer",
"definition_text": "A task in which strings of stimuli (either sentences or strings of nonwords) are presented, followed by a probe on which the subject responds whether the probe item was present in the string of stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24259
},
{
"id": "trm_558c36935a0e9",
"name": "spatial working memory localizer task",
"definition_text": "A task in which targets are presented on a spatial grid, followed by a probe in which the subject must choose between two spatial layouts, one of which matches the locations presented in the initial set.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24260
},
{
"id": "trm_558c4d3105abf",
"name": "retinotopic mapping task",
"definition_text": "The subject is presented with stimuli including rotating wedges and expanding/contracting rings, while maintaining fixation and performing a target detection task for an eccentric target.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24261
},
{
"id": "trm_559e2af1cc0ce",
"name": "Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for Depression",
"definition_text": "The Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for Depression is a multiple item questionnaire used to provide an indication of depression, and as a guide to evaluate recovery. It was originally published in 1960 by Max Hamilton and revised it in 1966, 1967, 1969, and 1980. The questionnaire is designed for adults and is used to rate the severity of their depression by probing mood, feelings of guilt, suicide ideation, insomnia, agitation or retardation, anxiety, weight loss, and somatic symptoms.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton_Rating_Scale_for_Depression",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24262
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a36d9c3f9",
"name": "Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms",
"definition_text": "The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) is a rating scale to measure negative symptoms in schizophrenia. The scale was developed by Nancy Andreasen and was first published in 1984. SANS is split into 5 domains, and within each domain separate symptoms are rated from 0 (absent) to 5 (severe). The scale is closely linked to the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) which was published a few years later.\r\n\r\nFrom https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_for_the_Assessment_of_Negative_Symptoms",
"alias": "SANS",
"ID(c)": 24263
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a52537c2b",
"name": "Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) is rating scale which a clinician or researcher may use to measure psychiatric symptoms such as depression, anxiety, hallucinations and unusual behaviour.[1] Each symptom is rated 1-7 and depending on the version between a total of 18-24 symptoms are scored. The scale is the one of the oldest, widely used scales to measure psychotic symptoms and was first published in 1962.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brief_Psychiatric_Rating_Scale",
"alias": "BPRS",
"ID(c)": 24264
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a79b55c8b",
"name": "Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale",
"definition_text": "The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Symptom Checklist is a self-reported questionnaire used to assist in the diagnosis of adult ADHD.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_ADHD_Self-Report_Scale",
"alias": "ASRS",
"ID(c)": 24265
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a860a7088",
"name": "Hopkins Symptom Checklist",
"definition_text": "The Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL) is a well-known and widely used screening instrument whose history dates from the 1950s. It was originally designed by Parloff, Kelman, and Frank at Johns Hopkins University. The HSCL-25 is a symptom inventory which measures symptoms of anxiety and depression.\r\n\r\nhttp://hprt-cambridge.org/screening/hopkins-symptom-checklist/",
"alias": "HOPKINS, HSCL",
"ID(c)": 24266
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a8e81b7f4",
"name": "Barratt Impulsiveness Scale",
"definition_text": "The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) is a widely used measure of impulsiveness. It includes 30 items that are scored to yield six first-order factors (attention, motor, self-control, cognitive complexity, perseverance, and cognitive instability impulsiveness) and three second-order factors (attentional, motor, and non-planning impulsiveness).\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barratt_Impulsiveness_Scale",
"alias": "BIS",
"ID(c)": 24267
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a95f66508",
"name": "Dickman Impulsivity Inventory",
"definition_text": "The Dickman Inventory classifies impulsivity into functional and dysfunctional categories. Dysfunctional impulsivity is a type of impulsivity that is associated with a tendency to make quick decisions when this type of decision-making is non-optimal. This differs from functional impulsivity which is a tendency to make quick decisions where this is optimal. As dysfunctional impulsivity is often associated with a failure to consider the consequences of oneâs behavior, it can often lead to life difficulties.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysfunctional_impulsivity",
"alias": "DICK",
"ID(c)": 24268
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6aa62c54f8",
"name": "Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) is a personality test meant to measure normal personality developed by Auke Tellegen in 1982. It is currently sold by the University of Minnesota Press.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multidimensional_Personality_Questionnaire",
"alias": "MPQ",
"ID(c)": 24269
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6ae8f44ac3",
"name": "Eysenck Personality Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "In psychology, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) is a questionnaire to assess the personality traits of a person, with the result sometimes referred to as the Eysenck's personality Inventory or (EPI).\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eysenck_Personality_Questionnaire\r\n\r\nEysenck Personality Questionnaire",
"alias": "EPQ, EPI",
"ID(c)": 24270
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6c80b2c1d6",
"name": "Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory",
"definition_text": "The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is the most widely used and researched standardized psychometric test of adult personality and psychopathology. Psychologists and other mental health professionals use various versions of the MMPI to develop treatment plans; assist with differential diagnosis; help answer legal questions (forensic psychology); screen job candidates during the personnel selection process; or as part of a therapeutic assessment procedure.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota_Multiphasic_Personality_Inventory",
"alias": "MMPI",
"ID(c)": 24271
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6c92db12b0",
"name": "Hypomanic Personality Scale",
"definition_text": "The Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS) was designed to measure a predispositional personality style to bipolar disorder.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25156658",
"alias": "HPS",
"ID(c)": 24272
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c570473d3",
"name": "Chapman Magical Ideation Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses erroneous beliefs that are based in magical thinking (e.g., âI have occasionally had the silly feeling that a TV or radio broadcaster knew I was listening to him.â). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24273
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6cb4f951ea",
"name": "Temperament and Character Inventory",
"definition_text": "The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is an inventory for personality traits devised by Cloninger et al. It is closely related to and an outgrowth of the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), and it has also been related to the dimensions of personality in Zuckerman's alternative five and Eysenck's models and those of the Five Factor Model.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperament_and_Character_Inventory",
"alias": "TCI",
"ID(c)": 24274
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6cffbcb5f7",
"name": "Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms",
"definition_text": "The Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) is a rating scale to measure positive symptoms in schizophrenia. The scale was developed by Nancy Andreasen and was first published in 1984. SAPS is split into 4 domains, and within each domain separate symptoms are rated from 0 (absent) to 5 (severe). The scale is closely linked to the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) which was published a few years earlier.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_for_the_Assessment_of_Positive_Symptoms",
"alias": "SAPS",
"ID(c)": 24275
},
{
"id": "trm_5696a599bfcb6",
"name": "Bickel Titrator",
"definition_text": "A task that adjusts delay across a series of delay discounting trials, while holding the later amounts constant. This determines the Effective Delay 50(ED50), a delay period that results in the smaller immediate reward having the same value as a larger later reward.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24276
},
{
"id": "trm_55c686e0824e8",
"name": "Single item food choice task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects decide for several (snack) foods, sequentially, whether they would like to eat them. In order to make the choices realistic, participants are instructed that one of the trials counts for real and that they actually receive a portion of the snack chosen in that trial at the end of the study session.\r\n\r\nIn every trial, they view one of the study stimuli (3000 ms, choice period) and subsequently indicate with a button press (1500 ms, button press period) whether they want to eat a portion of the snack or not. During the button press period the words âyesâ and ânoâ are shown left/right (randomized) on the screen. After indicating their choice, a yellow box appears around the yes or no. Participants are instructed to make their choice already during the period that the image was shown. To ensure that choices are made in direct response to the food pictures, the button press period was so short that it only allows them to locate whether they have to push the left or right button. The choice trials are interspersed with a random interval (between 2000 and 5000 ms). At the beginning, halfway (after 50 trials) and at the end an additional baseline period of 30 s is included in the task (fixation cross). \r\n\r\nThe visual stimuli consist of 100 pictures of regularly available snack foods on plates with a grey background: 50 high energy (HE) foods (energy content in kcal/100gram: M = 419, SD = 103) and 50 low energy (LE) foods (M = 56, SD = 37). Examples of HE snacks were crisps, cookies, cakes and candies. Examples of LE snacks were grapes, apples, bananas and mixed snack salads. The standardized image set can be downloaded from: http://nutritionalneuroscience.isi.uu.nl/index.php/32\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24277
},
{
"id": "trm_55c691909c580",
"name": "Two item food choice task",
"definition_text": "In this task, subjects decide for a series of binary food choice options which of the two they would like to eat. In populations with weight-concerned and dieting subjects this task is employed to investigate aspects of food-related self-control. It has also been employed in general population and non-dieters (e.g., Charbonnier et al., 2015) in a slightly adapted forms. Here the implementation of Van der Laan (2014) is described. \r\n\r\nIn the food choice task, participants make a total of 100 choices. In every trial, a high energy (HE) (energy content in kcal/100 gram: M = 419, SD = 103) and a low energy (LE) (M = 56, SD = 37) snack are shown side by side. Participants have 3000 ms to indicate which of the two products they would most like to eat a portion of by pushing the left or right but ton of a button box. After indicating their choice, a yellow box appears around the chosen product for 500 ms. The trials are interspersed with a random interval between 2000 and 5000 ms.\r\n\r\nTo investigate response conflict during food choice participants are required to choose between pairs of HE and LE snacks matched such (on the basis of their own tastiness ratings given in the first session) that either a self-control dilemma was posed or not. In half of the trials, LE snacks are combined with HE snacks rated two or three points higher on tastiness (Self-Control required(SC)trials), posing a self-control dilemma concerning the trade-off between immediate eating enjoyment (choosing the appealing HE snack) and weight-watching intentions (choosing the less appealing LE snack). In the other half of the trials, the LE and HE snacks are matched on tastiness (equal or ±1 point in tastiness rating; No Self-Control required (NSC) trials), such that no trade-off between eating enjoyment and weight watching intentions is needed to choose the long-term superior LE snack.\r\n\r\nThe visual stimuli consist of 100 pictures of regularly available snack foods on plates with a grey background: 50 high energy (HE) foods (energy content in kcal/100gram: M = 419, SD = 103) and 50 low energy (LE) foods (M = 56, SD = 37). Examples of HE snacks were crisps, cookies, cakes and candies. Examples of LE snacks were grapes, apples, bananas and mixed snack salads. The standardized image set can be downloaded from: http://nutritionalneuroscience.isi.uu.nl/index.php/32\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24278
},
{
"id": "trm_566745bbf272a",
"name": "task switching (3x2)",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a task cue followed by a colored number (1-9 excluding 5 in orange or blue). The task cue indicates whether to respond to the colored number based on parity (odd-even), magnitude (higher-lower than 5) or color (orange-blue). There are three different tasks, and each task has two task cues that evoke the task action. For example, the task cue could be either parity or odd-even. Both of these task cues indicate that the subject should judge the subsequent colored number based on whether it is an odd or even number. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24279
},
{
"id": "trm_5667476fc14dd",
"name": "Inter-dimensional/Extra-dimensional Shift Task",
"definition_text": "A combination of the intradimensional task and extradimensional task. Subjects are presented with two compound stimuli, each composed of a 'line stimulus" and a "shape stimulus". Thus the stimuli are multi-dimensional, in that they are composed of two separable features (line and shape). There are 8 different âlinesâ, and 8 different âshapesâ. Subjects are told to choose between the two stimuli, and receive feedback on their choices. The correct choice depends upon the current target, where the target can take on any one of the 8 âlinesâ or 8 âshapesâ. The current target shifts after several trials. This allows for an inter-dimensional shift, where the subject learns the new correct target within the same dimension (old target: âline 1â, new target âline 2â) or for an extra-dimensional shift, where the subject learns the new target outside of the old dimension (old target: âline 1â new target: âshape 2â).",
"alias": "IDED, IDED+reversal",
"ID(c)": 24280
},
{
"id": "trm_566747c3d757f",
"name": "Dimensions task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with three three-dimensional (e.g., color, texture, shape) stimuli. Each dimension has three exemplars so all exemplars are on the screen at any time. One dimension (e.g., color) determines reward, and one exemplar in this dimension (e.g. "red") has a higher probability of reward than the others (75% vs. 25%). If rewarded, the subject earns 1 point (the subject is instructed to maximize points). After 15-25 trials the relevant dimension and higher probability feature is switched. This switch is either signaled to the participant (in most versions so far) or not (in one paper).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24281
},
{
"id": "trm_5667483dcc371",
"name": "Probabilistic Selection Task",
"definition_text": "The probabilistic selection task assesses whether participants learn better from positive or negative reinforcement. The subject is instructed to choose between abstract stimuli via key press. The task is composed of two phases. During the first phase, subjects learn to associate 6 abstract visual stimuli with different reward probabilities (e.g., stim 1= 80%, stim 2 = 70%, stim 3= 60%, stim 4= 40%, stim 5 = 30%, stim 6= 20%). In phase 1, the various stimuli are always presented in pairs, where the sum of the two reward probabilities associated with each stimuli equal 100%. For example, stim 1 will always be paired with stim 6 (80%+20%=100%). Subjects eventually learn that for each pair, choosing one stimuli over the other results in more reward (80%>20%). The subject is tested on this association in phase two. During phase two, the subject must decide between novel combinations of stimuli. Each stimuli is presented with the remaining four stimuli that it was not paired with in phase 1. For example, stim1 (80%) can be paired with either stim2(70%), stim3(60%), stim4(40%), or stim5(30%), but not with itself or with the stimuli it was associated with during phase 1, stim6 (20%). Subjects are instructed to win as many points as possible. There is no feedback given during the second phase.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24282
},
{
"id": "trm_5667488d52ccc",
"name": "Angling Risk Task",
"definition_text": "In this task subjects "fish" in rounds trying to accumulate as much money as possible. If they catch a red fish, they earn .05 cents. However, if they catch a blue fish they lose all the money earned on that round. They are able to stop any round at any time to collect that round's earnings into their "tournament bank". There is one blue fish and many red fish. The subjects complete 4 tournaments of 30 rounds each. The tournaments differ in their weather condition: Sunny (subjects can see/know how many red/blue fish are in the pond) and cloudy (subjects cannot see the fish) and release law: catch N Keep (probability of catching a red fish goes down as they are taken out of the pond) and catch N Release (probability stays constant). ",
"alias": "ART",
"ID(c)": 24283
},
{
"id": "trm_566748c929afc",
"name": "Delay Discounting Titration",
"definition_text": "Subjects must choose between sooner but smaller rewards versus larger but later rewards. This task differs from the preceding Kirby Delay Discounting Task in two ways, 1) the smaller reward will not always be immediate and 2) the reward amounts will be chosen randomly from a uniform distribution of a given interval. This allows for the estimation of a subjectsâ discount rate and for the comparison of different model fits of discounting behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24284
},
{
"id": "trm_5667492c555b7",
"name": "Columbia Card Task",
"definition_text": "This task is composed of two conditions: hot and cold, with 27 rounds in each condition. In each round subjects are presented with 32 cards; some are gain cards, some are loss cards. Subjects are told how many points a gain card is worth, how many points a loss card costs, and how many loss cards there are in a round. Each round ends when a loss card is turned. In the cold version subjects choose how many cards they want to turn but don't see the result for the round until the end. In the hot version subjects click and turn each card themselves and sees their earning for that round. In both conditions, subjects see their final score at the end of 27 rounds. ",
"alias": "CCT",
"ID(c)": 24285
},
{
"id": "trm_56674987c8f0c",
"name": "Sternberg Recent Probes",
"definition_text": "Subjects will be asked to remember a training set of 6 stimuli. After a delay interval, subjects are probed with a single stimulus. Via key press, subjects will be instructed to give one response if the probe was part of the training set for that trial and a different response if the probe was not part of the training set for that trial. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24286
},
{
"id": "trm_56674c7c2fa4f",
"name": "Sternberg Directed Forgetting",
"definition_text": "Subjects will be asked to remember 6 letters presented in a 2x3 matrix. Each trial begins with a central fixation point followed by the training set of 6 letters to remember, followed by a retention interval. After the retention interval, subjects are presented with a cue, either TOP or BOT, which instructs the participant to forget the 3 letters presented in the cued location (forget set). The remaining 3 letters consist of the memory set. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24287
},
{
"id": "trm_56674d6aa9faf",
"name": "Dietary Decisions Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects rate 50 items on a five point scale separately for health and for tastiness. A reference item for health and tastiness, rated neutrally previously on both scales, is chosen for each subject. In stage 3 they are first presented with this reference item and told to choose between the other food items and the reference item. Participants are grouped as self-controllers or non-self-controllers depending on whether they choose the items in stage 3 based upon health or taste, respectively. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24288
},
{
"id": "trm_56674e49d15e9",
"name": "Adaptation of marshmellow test",
"definition_text": "Subjects are told that they have 10 minutes to gain as much money as possible by selling tokens and to adopt any strategy that they prefer. Each trial begins with a circular token (green or purple) at the center of the screen. After a random delay, the token turns blue and its value changes from 0 cents to 30 cents. A white progress bar marks the amount of time the current token had been on the screen, with a maximum length corresponding to 100seconds. Participants could sell the token at anytime by pressing a key. Subjects were explicitly instructed that the green and purple tokens might differ in their timing, and to learn the nature of the differences from direct experience. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24289
},
{
"id": "trm_56674f71483b0",
"name": "Holt and Laury Risk Titrator",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a series of paired lottery choices. For example subjects choose between option A that is a lottery that wins $2 with probability 0.1 and $1.6 with probability 0.9 (safe bet) and option B that is a lottery that wins $3.85 with probability 0.1 and $0.1 with probability 0.9 (risky bet). The paired lottery choices are structured so that the crossover point to the high-risk lottery can be used to infer the degree of risk aversion. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24290
},
{
"id": "trm_56675359b663a",
"name": "Cognitive Reflection Test",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with three questions. These questions at first glance are relatively easy and intuitive. However in order to solve the problem correctly, subjects must correctly inhibit the intuitive/impulsive answer.",
"alias": "CRT",
"ID(c)": 24291
},
{
"id": "trm_566db10532583",
"name": "roving somatosensory oddball task",
"definition_text": "A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants must detect the presence of an oddball stimulus. The oddball is a stimulus that occurs infrequently relative to all other stimuli, and has distinct characteristics. For this particular implementation, the trains of stimuli are electrical pulses that between high and low intensity after a variable number of repetitions. For full details see:\r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811915010526",
"alias": "RSOT",
"ID(c)": 24292
},
{
"id": "trm_5696a9cfe45b1",
"name": "letter memory",
"definition_text": "A 45-item forced-choice recognition task that uses consonant letters as stimuli and manipulates face difficulty level along 2 dimensions: number of letters to be remembered and number of choices amongst which the target stimulus must be identified.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24293
},
{
"id": "trm_5696abecf2569",
"name": "DOSPERT ",
"definition_text": "A psychometric scale that assesses risk taking in five content domains: financial decisions (separately for investing versus gambling), health/safety, recreational, ethical, and social decisions. Respondents rate the likelihood that they would engage in domain-specific risky activities (Part I). An optional Part II assesses respondentsâ perceptions of the magnitude of the risks and expected benefits of the activities judged in Part I.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24294
},
{
"id": "trm_5696b180169bd",
"name": "Volatile Bandit",
"definition_text": "A decision maker chooses between two alternatives, both with a fixed unknown rate of reward. The subject is instructed to try to gain as much money as possible across all trials. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24295
},
{
"id": "trm_5696b316c220a",
"name": "Plus-minus",
"definition_text": "A task where subjects are told to add by a number and are subsequently instructed to subtract by that number.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24296
},
{
"id": "trm_5696b61ff253e",
"name": "multi-source interference task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a 3 digit number and are asked to respond which of the digits differ from the other two.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24297
},
{
"id": "trm_5696bb7166121",
"name": "hierarchical rule task",
"definition_text": "subjects must complete a battery of four response-selection tasks that were designed to test progressively higher degrees of hierarchically ordered control",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24298
},
{
"id": "trm_5696bcf1b5c64",
"name": "Tower of London Imagine",
"definition_text": "participants must mentally rearrange a set of three colored balls arranged on pegs, in the fewest possible moves, to match a specified configuration.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24299
},
{
"id": "trm_5696c2c063222",
"name": "Multiplication task",
"definition_text": "On every trial, subjects are presented with two numbers to multiply. They can mentally figure out the answer or use pen and paper, but the method must stay constant.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24300
},
{
"id": "trm_5696c3fa0061a",
"name": "Shift Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with three objects that differ along three dimensions (color, shape, texture). At any trial, the relevant dimension gives a higher probability of reward than the other two. This dimension may shift from trial to trial.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24301
},
{
"id": "trm_5696d061adfb5",
"name": "WRAT-4 Math Computation",
"definition_text": "Math Computation component of the Wide Range Achievement Test 4",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24302
},
{
"id": "trm_5696d0a4902df",
"name": "WRAT-4 Word Reading",
"definition_text": "Word reading component of the Wide Range Achievement Test 4",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24303
},
{
"id": "trm_5696e10fcd36a",
"name": "Penn Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "Vocabulary component of the Penn WebCNP Battery",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24304
},
{
"id": "trm_569989ef8cff4",
"name": "willingness to wait task",
"definition_text": "A task that asks participants to repeatedly decided how long to keep waiting for future monetary rewards (See Fig. 1a in paper link below). On each trial, the participant views a token that has no initial value but matures to a value of $0.30 after a random delay, and the participant can sell the token at any time to start a new trial and (possibly) maximize earnings. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v18/n5/full/nn.3994.html",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24305
},
{
"id": "trm_569d6eef27433",
"name": "gm Paradigm",
"definition_text": "A task that crosses reward-valence associations with a stop-signal task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24306
},
{
"id": "trm_569fc84bd541d",
"name": "Penn Fractal N-Back",
"definition_text": "A measure of attention and working memory. In this task, participants are asked to pay attention to fractal designs displayed on the computer screen, one at a time, and to press the spacebar according to one rule: the 2-back. During the 2-back, the participant must press the spacebar whenever the design on the screen is the same as the one displayed before the previous one (i.e. in the series design A, design B, design A, the participant should press the spacebar on or immediately after the second design A . In all trials, the participant has 2500 ms to press the spacebar. The participant practice the 2-Back rule, in which he/she is allowed to make mistakes and then, when he/she completes all practices successfully, the task will begin.",
"alias": "sFNBx2, FNB2",
"ID(c)": 24307
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2b7c08a279",
"name": "Short Penn Continuous Performance Test-Number and Letter Version",
"definition_text": "A measure of visual attention and vigilance based on the Penn CPT [1]. In this task, a series of red vertical and horizontal lines flash in a digital numeric frame (resembling a digital clock . The task is divided into two types of blocks: one in which the participant must press the spacebar whenever these lines form a complete number, and one in which the participant must press the spacebar whenever these lines form a complete letter. Each block lasts 1.5m. Each stimulus flashes for 300 milliseconds followed by a blank page displayed for 700 milliseconds, giving the participant 1 sec to respond to each trial. The participant practices both types of trials before the task begins.\r\n",
"alias": "sPCPTNL, Short Penn CPT, Short PCPT-nl, Short NumLet-CPT",
"ID(c)": 24308
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a5f8315c5",
"name": "Penn Matrix Reasoning Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of abstraction and mental flexibility. It is a multiple choice task in which the participant must conceptualize spatial, design and numerical relations that range in difficulty from very easy to increasingly complex [2]. During the PMAT, the participant must click with the mouse on the square he/she thinks best fits in the missing square of the pattern. There are three types of patterns made up of 2x2, 3x3 and 1x5 arrangements of squares. Each item has five response choices. Each PMAT form has 24 items and 3 bonus items. There are two forms, PMAT24-A and PMAT24-B. The test is arranged in order of increasing difficulty of items and is discontinued after the participant chooses an incorrect response for any five items. The bonus items are selected based on the participantâs performance. There are two forms, PMAT24-A and PMAT24-B. The test is arranged in order of increasing difficulty of items and is discontinued after the participant chooses an incorrect response for any five items.\r\n",
"alias": "PMAT24-A, PMAT",
"ID(c)": 24309
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a622cdfbd",
"name": "Penn Facial Memory Test Delayed Memory",
"definition_text": "A measure of delayed face memory. In the first part of this test, participants were shown 20 faces that they were asked to identify for immediate recall (CPF . Now, during the delayed recall (CPFd , participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 40 faces: the 20 study stimuli/faces they were asked to memorize and 20 novel faces, all of which are different from the 20 distracters shown during the CPF. The participantsâ task is to decide whether they have seen each face before by clicking one of four buttons, presented in a 4-point scale: âdefinitely yesâ, âprobably yesâ, âprobably noâ and âdefinitely no,â using the mouse. There is one alternate form of the CPFd: the CPFd-b.\r\n",
"alias": "CPFd, Penn Face Memory Test - Delayed, PFMT, CPFd, CPFdelay, RCPFd",
"ID(c)": 24310
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a665baeb1",
"name": "Adult's Penn Word Memory Test Delayed Memory",
"definition_text": "A measure of delayed word memory. In the first part of this test, participants are shown 20 words that they were asked to identify for immediate recall (CPW . Now, during the delayed recall, participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 40 words: the 20 study stimuli they were asked to memorize and 20 novel stimuli, completely different from the 20 distracters showed on the CPW. The participantsâ task is to decide whether they have seen the word before by clicking one of four buttons, presented in a 4-point scale: âdefinitely yesâ, âprobably yesâ, âprobably noâ and âdefinitely no,â using the mouse. There is one alternate form of the CPWd: the CPWd-b.\r\n",
"alias": "CPWd, CPWdelay",
"ID(c)": 24311
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a6ad6edee",
"name": "Penn Visual Object Learning Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of visual object learning and memory. It was designed as a spatial analog of the California Verbal Learning Test. The sVOLT includes only the first set of trials of a series of 7 sets from the full version (VOLT [1]. In the first part of this test, participants are shown 10 threedimensional Euclidean shapes that they will be asked to identify for both immediate and delayed recalls (delayed recall = sVOLTd . During the immediate recall (sVOLT , participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 20 three-dimensional Euclidean shapes - the 10 shapes they were asked to memorize mixed with 10 novel shapes. The participantâs task is to decide whether he/she has seen the shape before by clicking with the mouse on one of four buttons: âDEFINITELY YESâ, âPROBABLY YESâ, "PROBABLY NO" and "DEFINITELY NO". (NOTE: The original sVOLT had only two response choices: âYES I have seen the shapeâ and âNO I have not seen the shape.â . Participants have 20 seconds to select a response before the test moves on to the next trial. There are two forms of the sVOLT: the sVOLT-A and sVOLT-B.\r\n",
"alias": "Short VOLT, VOLT, sVOLT",
"ID(c)": 24312
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a6ce24586",
"name": "Penn Emotion Recognition Task",
"definition_text": "A measure of emotion recognition. Participants are shown a series of 40 faces, one at a time, and asked to determine what emotion the face is showing for each trial. There are 5 answer choices: Happy, Sad, Angry, Scared and No Feeling. Participants respond to each trial by clicking word describing the emotion each faces expresses using the mouse. There are 4 female faces for each emotion (4 x 5 = 20 and 4 male faces for each emotion (4 x 5 = 20 . The children's version (k-ER40 uses the same stimuli as the adult version, but some of the emotion prompts are simplified: Anger => Angry, Fear=>Scared, No Emotion=>No Feeling. There are two forms of the childrenâs version: the k-er40-a and k-er40-b.\r\n",
"alias": "ER40, Children's ER40)",
"ID(c)": 24313
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a74ab3ef6",
"name": "Measured Emotion Differentiation Test",
"definition_text": "Measures the ability to detect emotion intensity. The subject is presented with pairs of faces. The MEDF presents a pair of faces and asks the participant to click the button labeled âThis Faceâ below the face that is showing more emotion (anger, fear, happiness, sadness , or the central button labeled âEqualâ if both faces are showing equal emotion. The stimuli are created using software to morph faces into differing intensities of emotion. For example, a 50 morph will be a 50 morph between a neutral face and the same identity expressing the target emotion. There are 36 trials in total, divided into happy, sad, angry, and fearful faces. Of the 36 trials, 4 show no emotional difference. The remaining 32 trials have emotion differentials in increments of 10 ranging from 10 - 60 , distributed more heavily toward 30 and 40 items. Trials are presented in random order, and the test is a forced-choice task with no time limit per trial. After the subject answers one trial, the test automatically moves to the next trial. Response time is recorded for each trial.\r\n",
"alias": "MEDF36, Measured EMODIFF, Morphed EMODIFF",
"ID(c)": 24314
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a7750ffd0",
"name": "Pennâs Logical Reasoning Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of verbal intellectual ability. It is a short version of the Penn Verbal Reasoning Test (PVRT [1, 2]. It is a multiple-choice task in which the participant must answer age-appropriate verbal analogy problems [2]. The shortPVRT has a total of 8 questions from the regular PVRT, which has 29 questions. The 8 questions were chosen after a statistical analysis of the PVRT, which demonstrated that these 8 questions could predict the scores of the regular 29- questions PVRT. There is a one alternate form for the shortPVRT: the shortPVRT-B.\r\n",
"alias": "sPVRT, Short PVRT, PVRT, shortPVRT",
"ID(c)": 24315
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a8d78dd39",
"name": "Ataxia",
"definition_text": "A measure for balance.\r\n\r\nInstructions:\r\nI want to see how well you can balance doing different things with your feet. I donât want you to fall, however, so if you feel as if you are going to fall, please step off the line and use the wall for support. If at any time you feel that you canât do these balance tests, please tell me and we will stop.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24316
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a98785453",
"name": "Penn Visual Object Learning Test Delayed Memory",
"definition_text": "The delayed memory portion of the sVOLT tasj. \r\n\r\nIn the first part of this test, participants were shown 10 three-dimensional Euclidean shapes that they were asked to identify for immediate recall (sVOLT . Now, during the delayed recall (sVOLTd , participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 20 three-dimensional Euclidean shapes - the 10 shapes they were asked to memorize during the SVOLT mixed with 10 novel shapes. The participantâs task is to decide whether he/she has seen the shape before by clicking with the mouse on one of four buttons: âDEFINITELY YESâ, âPROBABLY YESâ, "PROBABLY NO" and "DEFINITELY NO". (NOTE: The original sVOLT had only two response choices: âYES I have seen the shapeâ and âNO I have not seen the shape.â . Participants have 20 seconds to select a response before the test moves on to the next trial. There are two forms of the sVOLTd: the sVOLTd-A and sVOLTd-B.\r\n",
"alias": "sVOLTd, Short VOLT delay, VOLTd, sVOLTd",
"ID(c)": 24317
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2abffcfae3",
"name": "Penn Motor Praxis",
"definition_text": "A measure of sensorimotor ability. Also, it was designed to familiarize the participant with the computer mouse used during most of the WebCNP tasks. During the MPraxis, the participant needs to move the computer mouse cursor over an ever-shrinking green box and click on it once each time it appears on a different location on the test-page. If participants canât complete the MPraxis, it is likely they wonât be able to complete any other WebCNP task.\r\n",
"alias": "Mpraxis, Mouse Practice",
"ID(c)": 24318
},
{
"id": "trm_56a9123fe580f",
"name": "stimulus selective stop signal task",
"definition_text": "This stop signal paradigm focuses on stimulus selective stopping, in which subjects stop to one signal and ignore another.\r\n\r\nhttp://psycnet.apa.org/journals/xge/143/1/455/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24319
},
{
"id": "trm_56a9137d9dce1",
"name": "behavioral approach/inhibition systems",
"definition_text": "A questoinnaire that gets at motivational that systems underlie behavior. A behavioral approach system (BAS) is believed to regulate appetitive motives, in which the goal is to move toward something desired. A behavioral avoidance (or inhibition) system (BIS) is said to regulate aversive motives, in which the goal is to move away from something unpleasant. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.psy.miami.edu/faculty/ccarver/sclBISBAS.html",
"alias": "BIS/BAS,BIS,BAS,BIS-BAS",
"ID(c)": 24320
},
{
"id": "trm_56a915461cd91",
"name": "brief self control scale",
"definition_text": "A 15-item scale that attempts to measure "good self control" using a likert scale (1-5)\r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15016066 ",
"alias": "BSCS",
"ID(c)": 24321
},
{
"id": "trm_56a915fe77945",
"name": "future time perspective questionnaire",
"definition_text": "This questionnaire assesses an individualsâ perception of how much time they have left to live. Subjects will be presented with 10 items, which they must rate on a scale (1-5) how much they agree with the statement. \r\n\r\nFTP: Carsten-Lang Future Time Perspective Questionnaire (FTP)\r\nhttp://psych.stanford.edu/~lifespan/doc/FTP_English.pdf",
"alias": "FTP",
"ID(c)": 24322
},
{
"id": "trm_56a9166421494",
"name": "duckworth's short grit scale",
"definition_text": "This is a brief self-report and informant-report version of the Grit Scale, which measures trait-level perseverance and passion for long-term goals.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00223890802634290",
"alias": "GRIT-S",
"ID(c)": 24323
},
{
"id": "trm_56a919a478935",
"name": "ten item personality questionnaire",
"definition_text": "This 10-item questionnaire was designed to assess an individualsâ general personality using a reduced version of the Big-Five personality dimensions (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism). Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=strongly disagree, and 7=strongly agree. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092656603000461",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24324
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91a3082c31",
"name": "theories of willpower scale",
"definition_text": "This scale assesses an individualsâ perception on the availability of mental exertion, whether or not it is a limited or unlimited resource. Subjects are presented with 8 items, which they must rate on a scale (1-6) how much they agree with the statement.\r\n\r\nhttp://pss.sagepub.com/content/early/2010/09/28/0956797610384745.full#sec-22",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24325
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91a92043bc",
"name": "UPPS-P Impulsivity Scale",
"definition_text": "The UPPS+P assesses impulsivity across five facets: 1) premeditation, 2) positive urgency, 3) negative urgency, 4) perseverance, and 5) sensation-seeking. Subjects must answer 59 questions (~11 questions each domain). \r\n\r\nhttp://www1.psych.purdue.edu/~dlynam/upps+p.doc",
"alias": "UPPS-P",
"ID(c)": 24326
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91e3e982f9",
"name": "I7 impulsiveness and venturesomeness questionnaire",
"definition_text": "This questionnaire assesses an individualsâ score on impulsivity, venturesomeness, and empathy. Subjects are presented with 54 yes or no questions regarding the three above stated behavioral characteristics.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/019188698590011X",
"alias": "I7, I-7",
"ID(c)": 24327
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91e92eab46",
"name": "zimbardo time perspective inventory",
"definition_text": "A 56-item questionnaire that measures attitude towards time perspective across five domains: past-negative, present-hedonistic, future, past-positive, and present-fatalistic.\r\n\r\nZTPI: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory\r\nhttp://psycnet.apa.org/journals/psp/77/6/1271.pdf",
"alias": "ZTPI",
"ID(c)": 24328
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91ed5f1ccc",
"name": "self regulation questionnaire",
"definition_text": "Subjects will be presented with a 63-item questionnaire answerable through a Likert Scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree). These questions are designed to assess an individuals generalized ability to regulate behavior according to the seven-step model of self-regulation as proposed by Miller & Brown (1991). These seven steps include: receiving, evaluating, triggering, searching, formulating, implanting, and assessment. \r\n\r\n\r\nA Follow-Up Psychometric Analysis of the Self-Regulation Questionnaire\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2431129/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24329
},
{
"id": "trm_56aa9833c4be2",
"name": "treatment self-regulation questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The TSRQ determines the underlying motivational system used by individuals to regulate behavior. According to the Self-Determination theory, motivation ranges from least to most self-determined, starting with 1) amotivation, 2) external, 3) introjected, 4) identified, and 5) integrated and intrinsic. The TSRQ is a 15-item questionnaire, where each item is a reason for changing or engaging in a health behavior. Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=not at all true, and 7=very true. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24330
},
{
"id": "trm_58335e885873f",
"name": "Hidden State Decision Making Task",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants have to direct their attention to either a face or a house within a visual compound stimulus and judge the age of the shown example. Participants are instructed to determine whether to attend to face or house as follows: The category on the first trial of each block is instructed. Then, the category remained the same as long as the ages of the images in that category remained the same. If the age changed between trials, the participant should switch attention to the other category on the following trial. Finally, we told participants that no age comparison was required on the first trial after a switch.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24331
},
{
"id": "trm_56aac5f6e4702",
"name": "Eating questionnaire",
"definition_text": "3 factor eating questionnaire: cognitive restraint (CR), uncontrolled eating (UE), and emotional eating",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24332
},
{
"id": "trm_56ab12e0f1a61",
"name": "Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "Observing \r\nDescribing \r\nActing with Awareness\r\nNon-judging of experience \r\nNon-reactivity to experience ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24333
},
{
"id": "trm_56abcba3df89b",
"name": "Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale",
"definition_text": "Attention to and awareness across several domains of experience in daily life (e.g., cognitive, emotional, physical, and general)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24334
},
{
"id": "trm_56abebfe9aaa3",
"name": "Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale",
"definition_text": "This questionnaire is a list of 34 forced choice questions designed to assess an individualsâ optimal level of stimulation. Sample questions include: I would like to have a job which would require a lot of traveling (choice a) or I would prefer to have a job in one location (choice b).\r\n\r\nFour factors below:\r\nThrill and adventure seeking (TAS)\r\nExperience seeking (ES)\r\nDisinhibition (DIS)\r\nBoredom susceptibility (BS)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24335
},
{
"id": "trm_56ac06bac9334",
"name": "Selection-Optimization-Compensation (SOC) questionnaire ",
"definition_text": "The SOC questionnaire assesses an individualsâ developmental regulation across three processes: 1) Selection, 2) optimization, and 3) compensation. Subjects will be presented with 48 items (3 above + loss-based selection, 12 items each category) in which they must make a choice between an action corresponding to SOC behavior and an answer that is a distractor (reasonable alternative action not corresponding to SOC behavior). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24336
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbe12994926",
"name": "Stanford Leisure-Time Activity Categorical Item",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with 6 statements regarding levels of physical activity. Subjects must read all 6 statements and choose which statement best characterizes their physical behavior.",
"alias": "L-Cat",
"ID(c)": 24337
},
{
"id": "trm_57ebe6583f52d",
"name": "Moral Dilemma Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with vignettes describing either moral dilemmas or non-moral (control) situations. Each vignette is associated with a question requiring a yes/no answer, and the subject responds with a button press.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24338
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbe45003cf7",
"name": "Motor Selective Stop Signal Task",
"definition_text": "Similar to the traditional Stop Signal task except subjects stop to one "stop signal" (e.g., the imperative go stimulus turning blue) but not to another, similar "ignore signal" (e.g., the imperative go stimulus turning orange)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24339
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbea82c12bb",
"name": "Emotion Regulation Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are given the default instruction of viewing a negative image. They have the option to press a button and switch their instructions to "distract" or "reappraise." Electing to press the button and following those instructions will allow subjects to decrease the negative affect they are likely to be experiencing. However, to choose to distract or reappraise, subjects will have to proactively override their (inferior) default state of viewing, which requires monitoring and attention. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24340
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbead1a7ed4",
"name": "Emotion Regulation Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The ERQ is a 10-item questionnaire designed to assess an individualâs strategy for coping with emotions, either reappraisal or suppression. Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=strongly disagree, and 7=strongly agree.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24341
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbee951f161",
"name": "Kirby Delay Discounting Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects must choose between smaller immediate monetary rewards or larger delayed rewards. There are 27 total items divided into three groups depending on the size of the larger reward (small, medium, large).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24342
},
{
"id": "trm_579640ddba2c0",
"name": "Birkbeck Reversible Sentence Comprehension Test",
"definition_text": "participants listen to a sentence and must select from several images the one that correspond to the sentence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24343
},
{
"id": "trm_57964b8a66aed",
"name": "Montreal Cognitive Assessment",
"definition_text": "The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was designed as a rapid screening instrument for mild cognitive dysfunction. It assesses different cognitive domains: attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation. Time to administer the MoCA is approximately 10 minutes. The total possible score is 30 points; a score of 26 or above is considered normal. Participants with 12 years of education or less are awarded an extra point.",
"alias": "MoCA",
"ID(c)": 24344
},
{
"id": "trm_5798c6a933abc",
"name": "word recognition task",
"definition_text": "The participant is presented with a set of words to learn. The words are then presented again, mixed with words that the participant has not seen/heard. The participant must correctly identify the previously presented words.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24345
},
{
"id": "trm_5798cb6027f28",
"name": "following commands",
"definition_text": "The participant is given verbal instructions such as "make a fist" or "point to the ceiling". Execution of the command is scored as correct. The commands may be simple or complex (for example having multiple steps).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24346
},
{
"id": "trm_5798d0fbe2bd1",
"name": "ideational praxis task",
"definition_text": "The participant is given a sheet of paper and a long envelope. The participant is instructed to pretend to send the letter to himself or herself. The participant is told to put the paper into the envelope, seal it, address it to himself or herself, and stamp it. If the participant forgets part of the task, reinstruction is given. Impairment on this item should reflect dysfunction in executing an overlearned task only and not recall difficulty. The five components to this task are 1) fold letter, 2) put letter in envelope, 3) seal envelope, 4) address envelope, 5) put stamp on envelope.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24347
},
{
"id": "trm_5798d2693915d",
"name": "clock drawing task",
"definition_text": "The participant is asked to draw a clock showing a specific time. The task is scored based on the number of features correctly drawn.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24348
},
{
"id": "trm_5798d7ba0197d",
"name": "orientation test",
"definition_text": "The participant is asked questions to test their orientation in time and place. These include questions about the date, day of the week, season, name of current hospital and name of city.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24349
},
{
"id": "trm_5798f5c57048d",
"name": "National Adult Reading Test",
"definition_text": "The NART was specifically designed to provide a means of estimating the premorbid intelligence levels of adult patients suspected of suffering from intellectual deterioration.\r\nThe NART comprises a list of 50 words printed in order of increasing difficulty. The words are relatively short in order to avoid the possible adverse effects of stimulus complexity on the reading of dementing subjects, and they are all 'irregular' with respect to the common rules of pronunciation in order to minimise the possibility of reading by phonemic decoding rather than word recognition.\r\nThe subject reads aloud down the list of words and the number of errors made is recorded. WAIS Verbal, Performance and Full-Scale IQs can be predicted from this reading error score by inserting it into the appropriate formulae.\r\n(Hazel E. Nelson, 1982)",
"alias": "NART",
"ID(c)": 24350
},
{
"id": "trm_5798f94752841",
"name": "NART-R",
"definition_text": "The NART was specifically designed to provide a means of estimating the premorbid intelligence levels of adult patients suspected of suffering from intellectual deterioration.\r\nThe NART-R is a revision of the NART comprising 61 words with irregular pronunciations in North American English. It was standardized on participants from the USA and Canada.",
"alias": "National Adult Reading Test revised for use in North America",
"ID(c)": 24351
},
{
"id": "trm_5798fa39b4315",
"name": "American National Adult Reading Test",
"definition_text": "The NART was specifically designed to provide a means of estimating the premorbid intelligence levels of adult patients suspected of suffering from intellectual deterioration.\r\nThe AMNART was developed for use in the USA. Words particular to British English were replaced and predicted IQ was re-standardised.",
"alias": "AMNART",
"ID(c)": 24352
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0bf6b14b90",
"name": "Eckblad and Chapman's Hypomanic Personality Scale",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24353
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c015b603c",
"name": "Chapman Infrequency Scale",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24354
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c146e0019",
"name": "Chapman Perceptual Aberration Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses psychotic-like experiences such as bodily discontinuities and unusual scenery experiences (e.g., âI have felt that something outside my body was a part of my bodyâ). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24355
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c186b07d4",
"name": "Chapman Social Anhedonia Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses deficits in the ability to experience pleasure from non physical stimuli such as other people, talking, exchanging expressions of feelings (e.g., âA car ride is much more enjoyable if someone is with me.â). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24356
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c1af018a5",
"name": "Chapman Physical Anhedonia Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses a self-reported deficit in the ability to experience pleasure from typically pleasurable physical stimuli such as food, sex, and settings e.g., âBeautiful scenery has been a great delight to me.â). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24357
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c34e61fdf",
"name": "Continuous Performance Task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "CPT",
"ID(c)": 24358
},
{
"id": "trm_5845a809e30d5",
"name": "False Belief task",
"definition_text": "In the 'false belief' condition of this task, subjects read a short vignette about a character, and then are asked to respond with 'True' or 'False' to a question that requires inferring the character's beliefs. A sample false-belief trial might be:\r\n\r\nVIGNETTE: The Garcia family goes to a Red Sox baseball game. They leave early, when the Red Sox are up 5-1, and take the train home. While they are on the train, the game finishes with the Red Sox down 5-6. \r\nTRUE/FALSE QUESTION: When the Garcia family get off the train, they believe that the Red Sox have lost the game.\r\n\r\nIn the control or 'photo' condition, subjects read a short vignette about an image, and then are asked to respond with 'True' or 'False' to a question that requires inferring the nature of the image. A sample photo trial might be:\r\n\r\nVIGNETTE: In 1856, when a painter depicted the river in an oil painting that now hangs in the Metropolitan Museum, many trees grew along the riverbank. In 1913, the trees were cut down and replaced with bushes.\r\nTRUE/FALSE QUESTION: In the painting, there are bushes lining the riverbank.\r\n\r\nIn fMRI paradigms, the contrast 'false belief' > 'photo' is used to isolate neural activation associated with Theory of Mind.",
"alias": "FB",
"ID(c)": 24359
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd45d1bd21",
"name": "vertical checkerboard",
"definition_text": "The subject views a flashing checkerboard with a vertical elongated shape. As a simplified retinotopic mapping procedure., this provides a rough definition of the boundary between some visual areas, e.g. V1 and V2. This is often contrasted with horizontal checkerboards.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24360
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd4fd8754a",
"name": "horizontal checkerboard",
"definition_text": "The subject views a flashing checkerboard with a horizontal elongated shape. As a simplified retinotopic mapping procedure, this provides a rough definition of the boundary between some visual areas, e.g. V2 and V3. This is often used in conjunction and contrasted with vertical checkerboards. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24361
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd8a2c77ca",
"name": "hand side recognition",
"definition_text": "State whether a given hand image is a palm or back image",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24362
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd907e4fc6",
"name": "hand chirality recognition",
"definition_text": "State whether a hand image is a left or right hand image.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24363
},
{
"id": "trm_5873cd1c9d4c4",
"name": "standard localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "\tFunctional localizer to map various large-scale functional cognitive networks. These are the various contrasts obtained by opposing the simple tasks as defined in [Pinel 2007 "Fast reproducible identification and large-scale databasing of individual functional cognitive networks"]. This standard localizer is a simple and fast acquisition procedure based on a 5-minute functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence that can be run as easily and as systematically as an anatomical scan. This protocol captures the cerebral bases of auditory and visual perception, motor actions, reading, language comprehension and mental calculation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24364
},
{
"id": "trm_5873ce8e77d1d",
"name": "spatial localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task examined cognitive functions involved on spatial mapping. The paradigm consisted in four categories of blocks. Each block was formed by a set of short events, in which visual instructions related to one or two conditions of the same kind were displayed. These four categories of blocks were characterized as follows: \r\n(1) saccade, in which ocular movements were performed according to the displacement of a fixation cross from the center towards peripheral points in the image displayed; \r\n(2) mimicry of object grasping with right hand, in which the corresponding object was displayed on the screen; \r\n(3) mimic orientation of rhombus, displayed as image background on the screen\r\nTasks of conditions (2) and (3) were featured by the same visual stimuli in order to capture grasping-specific activity, using\r\nright hand along with fingers; \r\n(4) mental judgement on the left-right direction of a hand displayed as visual stimulus; and\r\n(5) mental judgement on the palmar-dorsal direction of a hand displayed as visual stimulus. \r\nThe first three aforementioned conditions contained one active condition. In contrast, the forth and fifth blocks included two active conditions, referring each one to the relative directions of the hand represented.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24365
},
{
"id": "trm_5873d014bcfc8",
"name": "Social localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task tackles cognitive functions implicated on social cognition, namely mental abilities linked to the *theory of mind* or social interplay. There are three categories of blocks constituted by a set of events related to specific conditions. Each block integrates two conditions of the same kind. They can be described as follows: \r\n1. mechanistic audio: interpret short stories (presented as auditory stimuli) through mental reply (no active response was involved), featuring a cause-consequence plot;\r\n2. mechanistic video: interpret short stories (presented as visual stimuli) through mental reply (no active response was\r\n involved), featuring a cause-consequence plot;\r\n3 triangle mental: watch short movies of triangles, which\r\n exhibit a putative movement;\r\n4 triangle random: watch short movies of triangles, which\r\n exhibit a random movement;\r\n5 false belief audio: interpret short stories (presented as auditory stimuli) through mental reply (no active response was involved), featuring a false-belief plot;\r\n6 false belief video: interpret short stories (presented as visual stimuli) through mental reply (no active response was involved), featuring a false-belief plot;\r\n7 speech sound: listen passively to short samples of human voices;\r\n8 non speech sound: listen passively to short samples of natural sounds.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24366
},
{
"id": "trm_5873d0be34b8f",
"name": "emotional localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This is an emotional paradigm that include facial judgements of gender, trustworthiness and expression based on face photographs or photographs reduced to the eyes. More precisely, the following conditions were presented:\r\n1 face gender: gender evaluation of the presented human faces;\r\n2 face control: mental assessment on the slope of a gray-scale grid image that may be tilted or not;\r\n3 face trusty: trustworthy evaluation of the presented human faces;\r\n4 expression intention: trustworthy evaluation of the presented human eye images;\r\n5 expression gender: gender evaluation of the presented human eye images;\r\n6 expression control: mental assessment on the slope of a gray-scale grid image that may be tilted or not.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24367
},
{
"id": "trm_5873e2469dd0d",
"name": "synatcting and semantic fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This is a language mapping task designed for fMRI, in which subjects are presented sequences of 10-items in rapid serial visual presentation. These sequences can be\r\n1. A sentence with complex syntactic structure\r\n2. A sentence with simple syntactic structure\r\n3. A list of words\r\n4. A sentence of jabberwocky\r\n5. A list of pseudo-words (from the same distribution as jabberwocky)\r\n6. Consonant strings\r\nA probe is then presented and the subject has to respond whether it was one of 10 items of the previously presented sequence.\r\nEach trial lasts 10 seconds.\r\nContrasts between these conditions can be used to probe syntactic-specific or semantic-specific responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24368
},
{
"id": "trm_5879199fde201",
"name": "body image self-reflection task",
"definition_text": "Participants view images of virtual models dressed in underclothing or swimwear. Upon viewing each image, they are instructed to 'Imagine that someone is comparing your body to the body of the woman/man you see in the picture. That is, imagine someone is saying "your body looks like hers/his."' Participants view images from their own sex only.\r\n\r\nFor more details, see: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886910000735",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24369
},
{
"id": "trm_5887c029d46f4",
"name": "Gustatory stimulation with liquid tastes or flavors ",
"definition_text": "In this task, liquid flavors or tastes are orally presented in quantities of one to several milliliters. Oral stimuli are presented by using a gusto-meter consisting of a pump mechanism, tubes and a mouthpiece attached to the MRI head coil. Usually, visual and/or auditory cues are used to provide instructions and/or cues to participants. These may include but are not limited to when to expect oral stimulation and when to swallow. Trials usually last up to 30 seconds and include an oral stimulus of interest, a behavioral response from the participant, and a rinsing procedure to rinse the palate. \r\n\r\nReferences:\r\nSee e.g.,\r\nDalenberg, J. R., Hoogeveen, H. R., Renken, R. J., Langers, D. R. M., & ter Horst, G. J. (2015). Functional specialization of the male insula during taste perception. NeuroImage, 119, 210â220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.062\r\nMarciani, L., Pfeiffer, J. C., Hort, J., Head, K., Bush, D., Taylor, A. J., ⦠Gowland, P. A. (2006). Improved methods for fMRI studies of combined taste and aroma stimuli. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 158, 186â194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.05.035\r\nVeldhuizen, M. G., Bender, G., Constable, R. T., & Small, D. M. (2007). Trying to detect taste in a tasteless solution: modulation of early gustatory cortex by attention to taste. Chemical Senses, 32(6), 569â81. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjm025\r\n",
"alias": "Taste stimulation, Flavor stimulation",
"ID(c)": 24370
},
{
"id": "trm_58a5d31f5c72d",
"name": "Biological Motion Perception (Passive Viewing) Paradigm",
"definition_text": "Participants passively view point-light displays of either coherent human biological motion or scrambled versions of those same displays.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24371
},
{
"id": "trm_58ab8a6131c5a",
"name": "route learning",
"definition_text": "Subjects study sets of real-world routes. For each subject, the set of routes includes (a) pairs that share a common path before diverging to terminate at distinct destinations (âoverlapping routesâ) and (b) pairs with no paths in common (ânon-overlapping routesâ) Importantly, each route contributes to both conditions. For example, âroute 1â and âroute 2â are overlapping routes, but âroute 1â and âroute 3â are non-overlapping routes. Each route contains an initial segment that is shared with another route , and a later segment, including the destination, that is route-specific. Although the real-world spatial locations of the overlapping segments are identical, the pictures for each route are taken at different times and therefore differ subtly in terms of pedestrians, vehicles, etc. Routes are studied twice per round for 14 rounds. Subjects are instructed to learn each route (i.e., the specific path to each destination) but are not told the destination at the start of the route. After each study round, subjects are shown individual pictures drawn from the routes and are asked to select the destination associated with each picture. Of central interest is accuracy for pictures drawn from Segment 1 of each route because selecting the correct destination for these pictures requires discriminating between overlapping routes. \r\n\r\nFor more details, see: http://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/01/10/099226",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24372
},
{
"id": "trm_58c80c3376c95",
"name": "Social Norm Processing Task",
"definition_text": "The revised Social Norm Processing Task (SNPT-R) is a paradigm enabling the study of behavioral and neural responses to intended and unintended social norm violations, among both adults and adolescence (Bas-Hoogendam et al., under review). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24373
},
{
"id": "trm_59668f09db813",
"name": "Yellow Light Game",
"definition_text": "The Yellow Light Game (YLG) is a computerized driving simulation task that was modified from the Stoplight Task (Gardner & Steinberg, 2005; Chein et al., 2011). Similar to the Stoplight Task, each run in the YLG involves participants driving on a straight road with 20 intersections, each controlled by a traffic light. Participants are instructed that the goal of the game is to get the fastest time. At each intersection, when the traffic light turns yellow, participants choose to either continue through the intersection (Go decision), or to stop the car (Stop decision); they are not able to accelerate or steer. Participants are instructed that Go decisions would result in the fastest time, unless another car is present on the cross street, in which case the participant would crash. Crashes double the time spent at an intersection compared to if the participant had decided to stop. Therefore, Go decisions are considered âriskyâ, whereas Stop decisions are considered âsafeâ. Upon completion of a run, participants are presented with their completion time and the number of crashes during that run.\r\n\r\nA unique feature of the YLG is that there are three different types of intersections, which vary based on the timing of yellow light onset and the presence or absence of a car on the cross street. Some intersections have a 75% probability of crashing, others have a 25% probability of crashing, and the remaining intersections have a 50% probability of crashing. To prevent the task from promoting risk taking overall, the cumulative probability of crashing is set to 50% (i.e., 10 out of the 20 intersections have cars approaching on the cross street, resulting in a crash if the participant made a Go decision). This task feature is not explicitly communicated to participants, although participants have the opportunity to implicitly learn this information based on the differential timing of the yellow light onsets associated with each type of intersection. That is, intersections at which the light turns yellow earlier (i.e., when the participant was further away from the intersection) signal a greater crash probability. By including the different types of intersections, we are able to distinguish between adaptive and maladaptive risk taking, without promoting risk taking overall, as the cumulative probability of crashing is 50%. For more information about and access to the task, please visit: https://dsn.uoregon.edu/research/yellow-light-game/. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24374
},
{
"id": "trm_597249e1ec9d3",
"name": "network traversal task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a sequence of stimuli whose order is determined by a walk (e.g., Random, Eulerian, Hamiltonian) over an underlying network.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24375
},
{
"id": "trm_5975f939336c0",
"name": "motorphotic",
"definition_text": "This task is intended to stimulate both primary visual and motor cortices.\r\nDuring this task, subjects are instructed to tap their fingers (right-hand, left-hand or bilateral) on a visual cue, in the form of a black-and-white, flashing checkerboard, that appears on the screen. A fixation cross may also appear at the center of the screen to help subjects maintain their gaze.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24376
},
{
"id": "trm_59cd03eeeab30",
"name": "Fictitious event ordering",
"definition_text": "The participant has to judge which one from two events taken from a fictitious story took place first. \r\nFor this, the participant, need to be aware of the story.\r\nThis task probes mental Time Travel abilities.\r\n\r\nA variant of this task consists in ordering the events in space (North/south, East/West). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24377
},
{
"id": "trm_59ed1f7a0ac9c",
"name": "episodic recombination paradigm",
"definition_text": "The episodic recombination paradigm (Addis et al., 2009) was designed to study episodic simulations (remembering past events, or imagining novel future events). In this paradigm, participants first provide a set of autobiographical memories, each comprised of a set of details, e.g., a person, place, and object. They later return for a separate session in which they are cued to recall some of these episodes. For the imagination trials, details concerning person, place, and object are experimentally recombined across events, and participants are asked to imagine an event that might occur in the future involving the recombined set of details. Participants press a button once they have constructed the past or future event and after that continue to simulate the event, generating as much detail as possible. This is typically followed by ratings of phenomenological characteristics of the simulated events, e.g., detail or difficulty. \r\n\r\n(description adapted from Addis et al., 2010)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24378
},
{
"id": "tsk_BuPIiFcjBo2aX",
"name": "Generalization of Instrumental Avoidance Task",
"definition_text": "Active avoidance paradigm, probing choice behaviour (avoidance or \r\nnon-avoidance) in the face of stimuli associated with an aversive \r\nreinforcer (e.g. painful electric shock; CS+s), stimuli associated with \r\nthe ommission of the aversive reinforcer (CS-), and, additionally, \r\ngeneralization stimuli (GSs), that are individually generated for each \r\nparticipant to be 75% reliably distinguishable from adjacent CS+s (on \r\nthe basis of a previous perceptual task), and that are not associated \r\nwith administration of the aversive reinforcer. On each trial, one \r\nstimulus is presented, and the participant must decide whether to make \r\nan avoidance response (press a key), or remain and face the consequences \r\nof that stimulus. Critically, making an avoidance response is associated \r\nwith a small cost (e.g. one additional aversive reinforcer administered \r\nat the end of each block for every 5 avoidance responses made during \r\nthat block, with total responses per block recorded on a counter at the \r\nbottom of the screen). The optimal strategy (in order to minimise number \r\nof aversive reinforcers received) is therefore to make an avoidance \r\nresponse if the stimulus is a CS+, but not otherwise (participants must \r\nlearn the identity of each stimulus through trial and error). \r\nGeneralization of instrumental avoidance is operationalized as avoidance \r\nresponses made on GS+ trials.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 41576
},
{
"id": "tsk_nzi0bkdoO8a23",
"name": "error awareness task",
"definition_text": "The EAT is a modified Go/No-Go response inhibition paradigm providing behavioral and neural indices of both error awareness and inhibitory control. Participants are shown color words (e.g., red, blue, green) printed in congruent or incongruent fonts (as in a Stroop task) such that most stimuli are congruent (80%; e.g., the word “BLUE” in blue font). Congruent stimuli are Go trials requiring a button-press response (eg., button 1). In contrast, participants are to withhold button-presses when either the same color word is repeated on two successive trials (No-Go Rule-1) or an incongruent stimulus is presented (e.g., the word “BLUE” in red font; No-Go Rule-2). Continuously monitoring both No-Go rules is difficult and participants are predisposed to monitor for REPEAT (Rule-1) more so than INCONGRUENT trials (Rule-2). This leads to a sufficient number of errors (~45%), a portion of which remain undetected by participants (~10-20%). The task begins with words presented for 900ms followed by a 600ms inter-stimulus interval (ISI). To equate task performance across groups and maintain overall errors at ~45%, task difficulty dynamically adapts based on individual performance by varying the stimulus presentation and ISI durations. Participants indicate “error awareness” by pressing a separate 'error signaling button' (e.g., button 2) on the trial following a commission error.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 42594
},
{
"id": "tsk_ec4xbqynlG1uR",
"name": "Social influence on emotion task",
"definition_text": "This task assesses how participants emotion ratings can be influenced by others. In the first session, participants are presented with images of people in negative contexts. They are asked to imagine that they are the person in the picture and indicate, on a scale from 1 (Neutral) to 10 (Very Negative), how they feel. This part of the task is self-paced. Approximately one week later, participants come back to the lab and are shown how other people (for example, ingroup and outgroup members) rated the same images (sometimes no group feedback is presented). After each feedback presentation, participants are asked to rate the images once more. In reality, group ratings are experimentally manipulated based on the participants’ initial ratings during the behavioral session. Participants are shown ratings that are higher (+2, +3, +4) and lower (-2, -3, -4) than their initial scores with an equal distribution of higher/lower scores.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44621
},
{
"id": "tsk_PNUOMlNOAajsT",
"name": "letter matching task",
"definition_text": "Subjects must compare pairs of letters regarding exact physical identity, name identity, or categorical identity by pressing one of two response keys. These three different instructions require increasing depth of processing stimulus information which is reflected by differences in response latency. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44651
},
{
"id": "tsk_o32s7ULZu8ATo",
"name": "Hidden Path Learning Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects must find a pathway within a grid from a cell A to a cell B. Typically, the path starts in the upper left corner and end in the lower right corner. After successfully exploring a grid by trial and error, the task repeats with the same hidden path and subjects have to reconstruct the previously explored path. The task is considered to have a a strong learning and planning component and as such measures executive functions.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44656
},
{
"id": "tsk_eDRFWNl1ktVsf",
"name": "Compensatory Tracking Task",
"definition_text": "A compensatory tracking task is a task that assesses eye–hand coordination, in which a user is operating a display that has an indicator and a zero point using a joystick, computer mouse, trackball, or other controlling device. The user must try to keep the indicator within the zero point while the indicator is being acted upon by outside forces.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44658
},
{
"id": "tsk_GdteOhkqZJLYg",
"name": "Pursuit Tracking Task",
"definition_text": "A pursuit tracking task is a task that assesses eye–hand coordination, in which a user is operating a display that has an indicator controlled by a computer mouse, trackball, or other controlling device. The user must try to keep the indicator on a moving trail or road with or without preview. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44661
},
{
"id": "tsk_zaClbCwuCeWt2",
"name": "Continuous Tapping Task",
"definition_text": "In a continuous tapping task, subjects must tap as quick as possible one key for a one minute test period. You can introduce different treatments by instruction, e.g. comfortable speed vs max speed, dominant vs non-dominant hand",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44663
},
{
"id": "tsk_xFpgex9zOvlOu",
"name": "Non-instrumental information seeking task",
"definition_text": "In this task, participant play lotteries with gain and loss blocks. On gain trials they either win $1 or $0. On loss trials they either lose $1 or $0. The probability of winning or losing varies from trial to trial from 0.1 to 0.9 and is explicitly displayed in the form of a pie chart. The participants' task is to indicate whether they would like to reveal the outcome of the lottery or not, by selecting between two offers, each representing a different probability of having the outcome revealed. Whether they receive information about the outcome of the lottery or not is non-instrumental because the outcome of all lotteries are added to the participant's final payment, regardless of whether information was obtained. Therefore, information about the outcome of each lottery had no bearing on participants' actual earnings.\r\nAfter selecting the offer (high or low probability of receiving information), participants are presented with a green knowledge cue, indicating that the outcome of the lottery is about to be shown to them ('WIN', 'ZERO' or 'LOSS'), or with a red ignorance cue, indicating that a non-informative outcome cue would follow ('XXXX'). Color associations are counterbalanced across participants.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44665
},
{
"id": "tsk_ZMTNk4Oce5b2j",
"name": "Remote Associates Test",
"definition_text": "Originally developed by Mednick (Mednick SA. 1968. Remote associates test. J Creat Behav.<br>2:213–214), the Remote Associates Test (RAT) asks examinees to look at 3 words, which are not obviously related by a single concept, and generate a 4th word that is related to all 3. An example: putting, bean, envy are the stimulus words, and a correct answer is \"green\".<br><br>From Wikipedia: <br>The Remote Associates Test (RAT) is a creativity test used to determine a human's creative potential. The test typically lasts forty minutes and consists of thirty to forty questions each of which consists of three common stimulus words that appear to be unrelated. The person being tested must think of a fourth word that is somehow related to each of the first three words.[1] Scores are calculated based on the number of correct questions.<br><br>",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44667
},
{
"id": "tsk_zcuAj6VrsFmfV",
"name": "Reciprocal Artwork Evaluation Task",
"definition_text": "This task is to measure how a participant's evaluation about a current partner's artwork is biased by the social feedback (regarding one's won artwork) from the current partner and previous partners. This task is for measuring self-protective motivation when receiving constant social evaluations. See Yoon et al (2018) https://rdcu.be/35Tm",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44669
},
{
"id": "tsk_VokAidevRX1Vs",
"name": "prospective sequential decision making task",
"definition_text": "Decision making task in which participants compare an offer with a set of alternatives with varying values and probabilities. Participants are given variable 'search horizons' i.e. attempts to get a new offer from the set of alternatives. In order to make optimal decisions participants need to reason prospectively, i.e. take into account future states. In other words, they need to plan a potential sequence of decisions. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 45678
},
{
"id": "tsk_rjSJbUa5Jk2Mb",
"name": "Food viewing (passive)",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects view food images without specific instructions on image evaluation. Measures visual food cue reactivity.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 47681
},
{
"id": "tsk_mFS3uwUMAhXxe",
"name": "Memory encoding task",
"definition_text": "A memory encoding task measures memory encoding mechanisms via multiple sensory modalities.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 47691
},
{
"id": "tsk_29IL64WzhiO9u",
"name": "Self evaluation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants evaluate how well several short trait descriptions fit the self.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 48696
},
{
"id": "tsk_i6bcjHSADB30O",
"name": "Other evaluation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants evaluate how well several short trait descriptions fit known or unknown others.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 48697
},
{
"id": "tsk_Ncknr0soiM4IV",
"name": "social decision-making task",
"definition_text": "Social decision-making tasks comprise alternative forced choice tasks in which participants make decisions that are relevant for themselves as well as at least one other person. These decisions can be of any nature (most commonly monetary or dietary).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 51722
},
{
"id": "tsk_d9vPgovlo7aJU",
"name": "risky decision-making under social influence",
"definition_text": "In this task, individuals are asked to make choices between two Holt and Laury style (10.1257/000282802762024700) gamble options, both alone and after viewing the choices made by two other players. For more details about the task, see: 10.1038/nn.4022.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 53733
},
{
"id": "tsk_xxVr20Bf4zyme",
"name": "Mental time travel task",
"definition_text": "Mental time and space judgment involved in allocentric mapping implemented in narratives.\r\nAssuming that a time judgement is preeformed, this assesses chronestesia.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55768
},
{
"id": "tsk_Jb7hdmvDY3rLV",
"name": "pleasantness rating task",
"definition_text": "Task assessing the decision-making of potentially rewarding outcomes ( aka positive-incentive value) as well as the level of confidence of such type of action.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55770
},
{
"id": "tsk_wiCMUNujvVRCR",
"name": "Enumeration task",
"definition_text": "The task consists in concurrently processing of a variable number of items, irrespective of their location, orientation or other features.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55771
},
{
"id": "tsk_1eLUszKc87tI1",
"name": "Visual short term memory task",
"definition_text": "Task involving concurrently processing of a variable number of items, while requiring high-encoding precision of items due to their multiple features, like location and orientation.\r\n",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55772
},
{
"id": "tsk_vbkfbu486lzDr",
"name": "Pain-matrix narrative localizer",
"definition_text": "Participants are presented with stories that portray characters suffering from emotional pain or physical pain.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55773
},
{
"id": "tsk_jbg1oF4D9OTkO",
"name": "movie watching task",
"definition_text": "The task relies on watching ---viewing and listening--- of a movie.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55774
},
{
"id": "tsk_wmFvpdB0Y6UYl",
"name": "Donation task",
"definition_text": "Donation Task inspired by Dictator Game, developed by van de Groep et al. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56775
},
{
"id": "tsk_zMlmDcfxjld0K",
"name": "point subtraction aggression paradigm",
"definition_text": "The point subtraction aggression paradigm (PSAP) is a paradigm aimed to measure reactive aggression in humans",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56777
},
{
"id": "tsk_02fiuOOFboHmh",
"name": "facial expression observation",
"definition_text": "Passive observation of another person's facial expression",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56782
},
{
"id": "tsk_4HuWbAQzF0tgZ",
"name": "facial expression of emotion",
"definition_text": "faciallly express ones current affective state to another person",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56784
},
{
"id": "tsk_n4koOyLJMyobG",
"name": "task-set learning",
"definition_text": "Task designed by Anne Collins and Etienne Koechlin for task-set learning.\r\n\r\nReasoning, learning, and creativity: frontal lobe function and human decision-making\r\nCollins A, Koechlin E (2012)\r\nPLoS Biology",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56785
},
{
"id": "tsk_GxjZBNiJorj1K",
"name": "P300 BCI",
"definition_text": "P300-based brain-computer interface is a BCI paradigm relying on the online classification of event-related potentials. The user is required to attend specific target stimuli that are considered important and to ignore other, more frequent stimuli. The target stimuli elicit large P300 response that can easily be classified from epoched EEG. P300 BCI can rely almost on any type of stimuli, that are capable to evoke discernable ERPs - visual, tactile, auditory, etc. P300 BCI paradigm can be adopted for the gamification of ERP studies, as well as for communication in disabled patients.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57797
},
{
"id": "tsk_xQrUFIhZsBUFE",
"name": "Facial Expression Display Task",
"definition_text": "Participants are instructed to display a facial expression corresponding to a category (e.g., Anger, Joy, Disgust).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57810
},
{
"id": "tsk_JaF5u33GgYRT3",
"name": "Facial Expression Observing Task",
"definition_text": "Participants are instructed to observe a video presenting a facial expression corresponding to a specific category (e.g., Anger, Joy, Disgust).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57812
},
{
"id": "tsk_r8koF3we48jcA",
"name": "correlated bandits",
"definition_text": "In each trial, subjects view one of two stimuli, and need to make a binary decision about the outcome that will follow this stimulus. The outcome probabilities associated with each stimulus are correlated: when the outcome probability of one stimulus switches, the outcome probability of the other stimulus switches too. Hence, you can learn from outcomes on one stimulus about the other stimulus. \r\n\r\nVariants of the task can include a third, control stimulus, with an independent outcome probability. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57813
},
{
"id": "tsk_KVUZHlsv8pesh",
"name": "Language Rule Learning",
"definition_text": "An artificial language counting twenty-eight bi-syllabic (consonant-vowel-consonant-vowel) nonsense words each was created. The twenty-eight words were synthesized using Mbrola speech synthesizer software by concatenating diphones from the Spanish male database (http://tcts.fpms.ac.be/synthesis/) at 16 KHz. Words (385 ms), were combined using Adobe Audition® software to form three-word phrases with 100 ms gaps between word. Phrase stimuli were presented via Presentation® software (Neurobehavioral Systems) through appropriate headphones and at a volume level adjusted for the participant.\r\nA total of 96 rule and 96 no-rule phrases (trials) were used in this task. Rule phrases conformed to an AXC structure whereby the initial word (A) always predicted the final word (C), while the middle word (X) was variable. Two different A_C dependencies (A1_C1 and A2_C2) were created out of 4 words from the total word pool. The remaining 24 served as middle (X) elements for each of the two A_C dependencies. The transitional probability was always 1 between A and C elements, 0.04 between A and X, and 0.5 between X and C. Half of the no-rule trials consisted in the combination of 3 of the 24 X elements and so took the form XXX, with the only constraints that each X had an equal probability to appear in each position but could never appear twice in the same phrase. The other half of the no-rule trials consisted of the combination of two XX elements (following the same constraints as for XXX) followed by the participant’s target word (C1 or C2). The probability of target occurrence in both the rule and the no-rule blocks was therefore 50%. Note that in the set of no-rule trials, the C element (the participant’s target) occurred also in the last position but, in contrast to the rule block, this could not be predicted on the basis of previous elements. \r\nParticipants were presented with the randomized 96 rule and 96 no-rule phrases in four alternated rule and no-rule blocks, with the order of blocks counterbalanced between participants. In the fMRI version of the task, data was acquired in two runs, including a block of rule and no-rule each (counterbalanced). A short break was given between runs in the fMRI. A single offline recognition test was issued after the fourth block . In order to obtain a measure of incidental rule-learning, participants performed a cover word-monitoring task. Specifically, they were instructed to detect, as fast and accurately as possible via a button press, the presence or absence of a given target word, which was always one of the C elements (C1 or C2, counterbalanced). A given target word remained constant for each participant throughout the experiment and was displayed in the middle of the screen at all times for reference during the blocks. Participants were not informed about the presence of rules. Inter-trial interval was jittered, using pseudo-random values between 1000 and 3000 ms for optimal fMRI acquisition, and fixed at 500 ms in the remaining phases. A maximum of 1000 ms after the end of a given phrase was allowed for participants to respond before the next trial started. Reaction times (RTs) were calculated from the onset the last word in the phrase until button press. Performance in interleaved rule and no-rule blocks was jointly analyzed by concatenating blocks of a same kind. Only correct response trials with RTs within mean ± 2sd were included for the analysis .\r\n\r\nWe reasoned that if incidental rule-learning occurs over exposure in the rule block, participants’ gradual ability to predict the appearance or non-appearance of a target word Cj on the basis of the identity of the initial word Aj should be reflected in a RT gain (i.e., faster RTs) over trials within the blocks. We also expected an overall RT advantage over target words in the no-rule blocks (rule effect), where prediction is possible (no prediction can be made during no-rule blocks). Participants’ rule effect for the different parts/sessions was calculated as the mean RT difference between no-rule and rule trials. \r\n",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57815
},
{
"id": "tsk_lihqGPC9Y8ge0",
"name": "Thirst perception",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects view blocks of beverage and non-beverage images, and rate their perceived thirst after each block.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57816
},
{
"id": "tsk_wPIAFIkSlX3Tm",
"name": "risky lotteries task",
"definition_text": "Subjects choose between two lotteries (first published by Bruhin, Fehr‐Duda, & Epper (2010). Risk and Rationality: Uncovering Heterogeneity in Probability Distortion. Econometrica 78(4), 1375–1412, DOI: 10.3982/ECTA7139). Each lottery can yield one of two monetary outcomes (all positive outcomes, no losses). The range of magnitudes of the outcomes is {0,50}, the range of probabilities for each outcome {0,1}. Each lottery is displayed as a pie chart with the outcomes' probabilities represented by a shaded area of the pie and the magnitude displayed as a number in the respective area of the pie. Subjects are assumed to choose mostly the lottery with the higher subjective value. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57818
},
{
"id": "tsk_QM81yNuuioVho",
"name": "value-based decision making",
"definition_text": "Participants were instructed to imagine a realistic situation where they have the option to enact a specific behavior, and then to make a decision indicating their preference. provided",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57837
},
{
"id": "tsk_3KF7rOdrBGivs",
"name": "Internal menu choice task",
"definition_text": "This experimental paradigm consists of three different tasks (conditions): (1) Internal menu choice task, requiring subjects to name a most preferred item in a given category (e.g. fruits) without a menu; (2) External menu choice task, requiring subjects to choose a most preferred item in a given category (e.g. fruits) from a pre-defined menu; and (3) Semantic fluency task, requiring subjects to name as many examples as they can from a given category (e.g. fruits).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57839
},
{
"id": "tsk_iSDZtD6pTyB2c",
"name": "center of mass approximation",
"definition_text": "The perception of the center of an object's distribution of matter, dependent on factors such as the geometry of the object, the perceived distribution of its density, and its orientation relative to the direction of gravity.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57840
},
{
"id": "tsk_37y3EdRertJba",
"name": "CAToon (cognitive and affective Theory of Mind Cartoon Task)",
"definition_text": "The Cognitive and Affective Theory of Mind Cartoon task <b>(CAToon)</b> is designed to measure affective and cognitive Theory of Mind (ToM) using cartoon stories. The task has an entertaining and timely design understandable and engaging for children as well as for adults. The task consists of 30 cartoon stories, representing three conditions (two experimental conditions targeting affective ToM (AT) and cognitive ToM (CT) and a control condition targeting physical causality (PC)). Each condition comprises 10 stories of similar visual complexity (i.e. backgrounds were matched across conditions). Three additional stories (one per condition) are available for practice purposes. <br>AT trials require participants to infer how a character would react to a fellow character’s expressed or expected emotions, whereas during CT trials participants have to assume how characters would act based on another character’s intentions or beliefs. PC trials serve as a control condition, requiring a basic understanding of cause and effect and basic physical laws.<br>All trials start with three images presented sequentially, followed by a single image display of three possible endings. CT trial endings consist of one correct, and two incorrect solutions. Incorrect solutions depict either a situation which would be illogical based on the storyline or physically impossible (e.g. object flies, character transforms). AT trial endings consist of two correct solutions (negative expectancy/positive expectancy) and one incorrect solution. In positive expectancy endings a character’s emotional needs are met with caring or reassuring, whereas in negative expectancy outcomes the character is scolded, ridiculed or ignored. This manipulation allows the investigation of differences in positive or negative outcome expectancy. PC trial endings have one correct and two incorrect solutions.<br><br><br><b>Developers' website: </b>https://www.jacobscenter.uzh.ch/en/research/developmental_neuroscience/downloads/catoon.html",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57843
},
{
"id": "tsk_pl4uqVGM1uj3Z",
"name": "Positive and Negative Images Task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants view positive images (sunsets and landscapes), negative IAPS images (guns, spiders), and neutral images (cups, chairs). ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57875
},
{
"id": "tsk_uzbPk1YB47Iqd",
"name": "motivational go/no-go learning task",
"definition_text": "Equiprobable Go/NoGo learning task (i.e. the ratio Go cues: NoGo cues is 50:50) featuring Win cues (chance for winning points/ money vs. neutral outcome) and Avoid cues (chance for neutral outcome vs. losing points/money).<br>The task features 4 conditions (at least 1 cue per condition):<br>- Go-to-Win: Cue with chance for winning money, requires Go response<br>- Go-to-Avoid: Cue with chance for losing money, requires Go response<br>- NoGo-to-Win: Cue with chance for winning money, requires NoGo response<br>- NoGo-to-Avoid: Cue with chance for losing money, requires NoGo response<br>All conditions feature the same amount of trials, i.e. Go/NoGo and Win/Avoid are fully orthogonalized (unlike other go/nogo tasks that are aimed at measuring inhibition and thus feature more go trials).<br><br>The correct response (Go/NoGo) is not instructed, but has been learned by trial-and-error from feedback. <br>Cue valence (Win/Avoid) is either instructed (e.g. cue edges in certain color) or has to be inferred from feedback (only Win cues can yield winning money, only Avoid cues can yield losing money).<br>Outcomes are usually probabilistic (e.g. 80% valid feedback, i.e. correct responses lead to winning money for Win cues/ neutral outcomes for Avoid cues in only 80% of trials, otherwise to invalid feedback; reversed probabilities for incorrect responses).<br><br>The task is used to measure Pavlovian biases/ motivational biases, i.e. the tendency to show more Go responses (and faster reaction times) to Win cues than Avoid cues.<br><br>",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57887
},
{
"id": "tsk_tlatUto2tMCYC",
"name": "Narrative-based Pain Empathy Task",
"definition_text": "A task elicting pain empathy based on written short stories about simultaneously displayed protagonists. In the narrative of each story, protagonist is either hurt physically (pain condition) or has non-painful events (control condition). Task can be expanded by adding new factor, e.g. nationality of the protagonist. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57927
},
{
"id": "tsk_ovuQxhbAPPMLs",
"name": "Boston Naming Test",
"definition_text": "The Boston Naming Test (BNT), consisting of 60 black and white line drawings of objects, is a measure of confrontation naming that takes into account the finding that patients with dysnomia often have greater difficulties with the naming of low frequency objects. Thus, instead of a simple category of anomia, naming difficulties may be rank ordered along a continuum. Items on the BNT are ordered according to their ability to be named, which is thought to be correlated with their frequency. This type of picture-naming vocabulary test is useful in the examination of children with learning disabilities and the evaluation of adults with brain injury or dysfunction. <br><br>(from Roth, C. (2011). Boston Naming Test. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_869)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57928
},
{
"id": "tsk_ORAzdOO86kNfM",
"name": "fMRI localizer for the frontotemporal language system",
"definition_text": "An fMRI localizer of frontal, temporal, and parietal brain regions involved in high-level linguistic processing. The task reliably identifies these brain regions in individual subjects using fMRI, by contrasting neural responses to meaningful and structured language stimuli vs. stimuli matched for low-level properties but lacking meaning and/or structure. In particular, responses to auditorily presented excerpts from engaging interviews or stories are contrasted vs. acoustically degraded versions of these materials. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57961
},
{
"id": "tsk_QyZsV96fiVlT1",
"name": "tri-modal roving stimulus paradigm",
"definition_text": "A roving stimulus paradigm in which tri-modal stimuli are simultaneously presented in a continuous stream with two possible intensities each. Participants are asked to attend to the stream and to respond to occasional target questions (catch trials) prompting participants to report the most recent intensity of a specific modality.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58022
},
{
"id": "tsk_kBYLTvZx59uOC",
"name": "Mindstrong for Regulation of Emotion",
"definition_text": "Mindstrong is a phone application that continuously collects data regarding the phone-user’s naturalistic patterns of typing and scrolling. This application will be installed on participant’s phone at a baseline visit and data will be collected on participants’ 45 keyboard and scroll patterns (generated from distinct swiping and tapping patterns) over a two-year period. Regarding emotional states and regulation, this technology will specifically collect data on word usage and frequency (via input from texts, emails, internet searches) to indicate participants’ emotional states. Behavioral change will also be inferred by evaluating changes in social activity (e.g., incoming and outgoing calls, messages), language, and location over the two-year timeframe.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58529
},
{
"id": "tsk_qBdQueJHSouuF",
"name": "Five-Trial Adjusting Delay Discounting Task",
"definition_text": "The Five-Trial Adjusting Delay Discounting Task is a very brief variant of the traditional Delay Discounting Task. The construct of delay discounting refers to people’s tendency to value rewards less as the amount of time increases until those rewards would be received. This brief task uses only five trials to estimate a person’s discounting rate by adjusting the specifications of each subsequent trial based on performance of the preceding trial. Each 5-trial version of this task uses one monetary amount for each trial (e.g., $1,000; $1,000,000). Each participant is asked on the first trial of the task whether they would prefer to receive that amount in three weeks or half that amount now. On the next trial the question is repeated but with a different time delay according to the participant’s response on the previous trial.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58532
},
{
"id": "tsk_tTKd4o04KpUDA",
"name": "Go-NoGo fMRI paradigm",
"definition_text": "The computerized task consists of 240 trials in which participants see a stimulus printed on the screen and they are asked to vary their response according to the stimulus color. In the more frequent 180 “Go” trials, participants are instructed to respond by pressing a button when they see green text on the screen displaying the word “press.” The main dependent behavioral measures in Go-NoGo tasks are response time and the commission error rate (making an incorrect “Go” response on “No-Go” trials); fewer commission errors signify better response inhibition. The Go-NoGo fMRI paradigm utilizes this same task to measure activation of participants’ cognitive control circuit (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, dorsal parietal cortex [DPC], and posterior cingulate gyrus), as well as the functional connectivity among these regions.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58536
},
{
"id": "tsk_OA90UJX5qwTyc",
"name": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6+)",
"definition_text": "The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6+) is a 6-item self-report measure of psychological distress intended to be used as a quick tool to assess risk for serious mental illness in the general population. The feelings and experiences for this first item are the following: “nervous,” “hopeless,”, “restless or fidgety,” “so depressed that nothing could cheer you up,” “that everything was an effort,” and “worthless.” The next item assesses the extent to which the feelings are typical for the person. The remaining items assess to what extent these experiences led to functional impairment.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58618
},
{
"id": "tsk_p7cabUkVvQPBS",
"name": "Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale",
"definition_text": "The original Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale contains 10 items designed to tap into a global sense of self-efficacy, or belief of an individual in his or her ability (e.g., “I can always solve difficult problems if I try hard enough,” and “I can usually handle whatever comes my way.”) The revised version here includes these 10 items and two, which are repeated and reversed to examine acquiescence bias. Response options range from 1, never true, to 7, always true. Higher scores indicate greater generalized self-efficacy.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58726
},
{
"id": "tsk_ccTKYnmv7tOZY",
"name": "Verbal Interference Test",
"definition_text": "The Verbal Interference Test is a behavioral assessment of cognitive regulation. In this task participants are presented with visual word stimuli that appear with incongruent text and color meaning (e.g., the word “RED” printed in blue, the word “BLUE” printed in green, the word “GREEN” printed in red). There are two phases of the task: Name (Part I) and Color (Part II). In the Name phase, participants are asked to identify the meaning of the word (e.g., red is the correct answer for the word “RED” printed in blue). In the Color phase, participants are asked to identify the color in which the word is printed (e.g., blue is the correct answer for the word “RED” printed in blue). This test assesses aspects of inhibition and interference corresponding to those indexed by the Stroop test.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58746
},
{
"id": "tsk_l7ApDPhpQkcmT",
"name": "Chicken Game task",
"definition_text": "The game of chicken, also known as the hawk-dove game or snowdrift game, is a model of conflict for two players in game theory (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_(game)). Two players drive cars towards each other, the player turning loses and if none of them swerve, there is a car crash. The outcome of the Chicken Game is determined by both players’ decisions. From one person’s perspective, unilateral defection and mutual cooperation represent the best and second-best outcomes. Cooperation is preferable to defection if the other defects because mutual defection is worse than the benefit of unilateral cooperation, each payoff corresponding to different outcomes of the social interaction (Hernandez-Pena, et al., 2023)\r\n\r\nHernandez-Pena, L., Hoppe, W., Koch, J., Keeler, C., Waller, R., Habel, U., ... & Wagels, L. (2023). The role of dominance in sibling relationships: differences in interactive cooperative and competitive behavior. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 11863.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58999
},
{
"id": "tsk_YrmQX6rtPeujt",
"name": "attribute amnesia",
"definition_text": "In an attribute amnesia experiment, participants are asked only to report one attribute of a multi-attribute object on the first few trials. But on a surprise trial, they fail to report another attribute of the same object. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59002
},
{
"id": "tsk_uzol7erTzr9Ix",
"name": "Trust game (TG)",
"definition_text": "It is a sequential game involving two players, the trustor and the trustee. In a one-shot anonymous interaction, subject A (“the Investor” or \"the Trustor\") endowed with an amount of 10-dollar decides how much of this show-up fee will be given to subject B (“the Trustee”), knowing that this share will be tripled before it’s actually given to subject B. Subject B receives this tripled amount and decides how much to send back to subject A (From Tzieropoulos, 2013, doi: 10.1080/17470919.2013.832375). It can be played in one-shot or in multi-round format.\r\n\r\nInitially called the Investment Game by Berg, Dickhaut and McCabe in 1995 (doi: 10.1006/game.1995.1027), the trust game originated as a design experiment to study trust and reciprocity in an investment setting (From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictator_game#Variants). In the Berg et al. version, subjects in room A decide how much of their 10 dollar show-up fee to send to an anonymous counterpart in room B. Subjects in room B then decide how much of the tripled money to keep and how much to send back to their respective counterparts. This game is similar to the trust game described by Kreps (1990, https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/publications/corporate-culture-economic-theory), except that the Kreps game allow only two choices at each stage, whereas the Berg version (and the current version of trust game) has a larger choice space and allows for different degrees of trust and reciprocity) (Berg et al., 1995). ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59019
},
{
"id": "tsk_KRl3zbyaJcKWM",
"name": "prisoner's dilemma (PD)",
"definition_text": "The prisoner's dilemma is a game theory thought experiment that involves two rational agents, each of whom can cooperate for mutual benefit or betray their partner (\"defect\") for individual reward. If both players cooperate, they both receive the reward R for cooperating. If both players defect, they both receive the punishment payoff P. If Blue defects while Red cooperates, then Blue receives the temptation payoff T, while Red receives the \"sucker's\" payoff, S. Similarly, if Blue cooperates while Red defects, then Blue receives the sucker's payoff S, while Red receives the temptation payoff T. To be a prisoner's dilemma game in the strong sense, the following condition must hold for the payoffs: T>R>P>S. The payoff relationship R>P implies that mutual cooperation is superior to mutual defection, while the payoff relationships T>R and P>S imply that defection is the dominant strategy for both agents. \r\n\r\nThis dilemma was originally framed by Merrill Flood and Melvin Dresher in 1950 while they worked at the RAND Corporation.[citation needed] Albert W. Tucker later formalized the game by structuring the rewards in terms of prison sentences and named it the \"prisoner's dilemma\". William Poundstone described this \"typical contemporary version\" of the game in his 1993 book Prisoner's Dilemma (From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisoner%27s_dilemma).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59111
},
{
"id": "tsk_U9gDp8utahAfO",
"name": "Pittsburgh Stress Battery",
"definition_text": "The Pittsburg Stress Battery is a standardized means of evaluating cardiovascular reactions as a response to acute stressors which have been linked to an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The original protocols vary but normally consisted of three tasks designed to maximize various psychological demands: a visual short term memory task (scanning), an accuracy evaluation (targeting), and a cognitive motor/reflex task (tracking).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59161
},
{
"id": "tsk_gskvlEiCHg899",
"name": "Future Orientation Scale of the Time Perspective Survey (child version)",
"definition_text": "The Future Orientation Scale of the Time Perspective Survey (child version) assesses the extent to which school-aged children have the ability or inclination to focus their attention on the future, as opposed to focusing on the past or present moments. Children are asked to respond with how well each statement describes what they believe on a Likert scale ranging from 1 (“Very Untrue”) to 5 (“Very True”). There are 13 total items (e.g., “Finishing homework and doing other jobs at home comes before play”, “I make lists of things to do.”) This scale was modified from the original measure that was developed for adults.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59163
},
{
"id": "tsk_alz5hjlUXp4WY",
"name": "Parent-Child Coercion Scale",
"definition_text": "This 9-item self-report scale assesses a parent's perception of how much coercion characterizes their relationship with their child.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59168
},
{
"id": "tsk_H2hu4WmHYl8Tu",
"name": "Immersive Virtual Reality Assay for Target: Regulation of Cognition (Behavioral and Self-Report)",
"definition_text": "The Immersive Virtual Reality Assay (IVRA) is a virtual reality paradigm designed to engage three self-regulation targets (self-focused reflection, affect, and cognition) and four corresponding brain circuits in a fixed order: (1) default mode circuit (related to self-focused reflection), (2) the negative affect circuit, (3) the positive affect circuit, and (4) the cognitive control circuit. Participants undergo different virtual environments using the Oculus Rift DK2 (virtual reality headset developed and manufactured by Oculus VR). This paradigm is intended to assess a participant’s regulation of cognition with the use of 3 optional virtual reality environments.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59172
},
{
"id": "tsk_eDDTJCIrL19Qj",
"name": "Daily Inventory of Stressful Events (DISE)",
"definition_text": "The Daily Inventory of Stressful Events (DISE) is a semi-structured survey in which participants report whether any of a series of stressful events had occurred within the past 24 hours. This end-of-day measure consists of a brief set of stem and conditional questions that can be can be administered via smartphones. This instrument yields several variables for each reported stressor including: (a) content classification of the stressor (e.g., work overload, argument over housework, traffic problem); (b) subjective severity of stressors; (c) primary appraisals (i.e., areas of life that were at risk because of the stressor); and (d) perceived control of the situation.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59181
},
{
"id": "tsk_ASxfTzukfK3Te",
"name": "social vs physical perception task",
"definition_text": "This fMRI task was devised by Fischer et al. (2013, PNAS). This stimuli from this task consists 10-s movies of two 2D dots moving as though they are physical objects, or as though they are interacting socially. Participants are asked to imagine as though they are looking down on the scene from above. They are asked to watch the dots, imagine the trajectory of one of the dots when it disappeared briefly, and indicate whether the final position of the hidden dot matches what they imagined. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59183
},
{
"id": "tsk_HfEOU5RLqcxAD",
"name": "SIDES Affect Dysregulation Scale (Child-Reported)",
"definition_text": "The Affect Dysregulation Scale (Child-Reported) is a six-item self-reported measure of adolescents’ frequency of difficulties with affect regulation. Items were suggested by the Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDES) with modifications made to simplify the wording for an adolescent sample and to generalize items to reference all feelings rather than just anger.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59185
},
{
"id": "tsk_161qcskOyTlfY",
"name": "Video-Mediated Affective Recall",
"definition_text": "The Video-Mediated recall procedure is a self-reported measure of remembered emotional responses and cognitions during a previous experience of social interaction with a close other such as one’s romantic partner or one’s child. The video-mediated recall procedure is a procedure by which parents and/or a member of a couple view a videotape of their interaction with their partner or child. While watching the video, they use a dial to rate their experienced emotion and/or cognitions moment-by-moment during the interaction task.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59191
},
{
"id": "tsk_ZaJZLqgqcXCLq",
"name": "Immersive Virtual Reality Assay for Target: Regulation of Self-Reflection (Behavioral and Self-Report)",
"definition_text": "The Immersive Virtual Reality Assay (IVRA) is a virtual reality paradigm designed to engage three self-regulation targets (self-focused reflection, affect, and cognition) and four corresponding brain circuits in a fixed order: (1) default mode circuit (related to self-focused reflection), (2) the negative affect circuit, (3) the positive affect circuit, and (4) the cognitive control circuit. Participants undergo different virtual environments using the Oculus Rift DK2 (virtual reality headset developed and manufactured by Oculus VR). This paradigm is intended to assess a participant’s regulation of self-reflection.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59197
},
{
"id": "tsk_uh2RnLbc0PU3v",
"name": "Maze",
"definition_text": "The Maze is a behavioral assessment of cognitive regulation. This computerized variation seeks to assess similar cognitive constructs as the Austin Maze (Walsh, 1991). Participants are asked to uncover a hidden path through a visual maze made up of an 8-by-8 grid of rectangles. As the participant navigates this path, green and red ticks on the bottom of the computer screen will appear to indicate correct moves and incorrect moves, respectively. A total of 24 correct moves are required for full completion of the maze, and the test ends with either two error-free completions or a time-out after 7 minutes.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59199
},
{
"id": "tsk_qsprWaphqkwim",
"name": "fMRI Facial Emotion Paradigm",
"definition_text": "The fMRI Facial Emotion Paradigm concerns regulation of emotion. It is a passive viewing task designed to engage participants’ affective neural circuits (including the amygdala, insula, and anterior cingulate cortex/ventral and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex). This task engages both implicit regulation of emotion reactivity and explicit appraisal, which allow for the conscious and nonconscious discrimination of emotional stimuli. Stimuli for this paradigm are facial expressions of threat-related emotions (i.e., fear and anger), loss-related emotions (i.e., sadness), reward-related emotions (i.e., happiness), and neutral emotions, selected from standardized series and modified so that the eyes are centrally positioned.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59201
},
{
"id": "tsk_EaAMakeLSEYxm",
"name": "Hierarchical Task",
"definition_text": "The Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning Task measures participants’ ability to discover and use higher-order structure in their environment. Participants are presented with 18 stimuli composed of three dimensions: shape, orientation, and border color. The task requires that participants respond to stimuli by pressing one of three keys in response to each of the stimuli. In a \"flat\" condition, the keys are randomly associated with the shapes so that the participant must learn each association independently. In a \"hierarchical\" condition, the stimulus-response mappings are instead structured, such that participants can use a rule to determine the correct response based on the combination of the three features.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59219
},
{
"id": "tsk_dn4ejmrGGaUAZ",
"name": "Relative Reinforcing Efficacy Purchase Task",
"definition_text": "The Relative Reinforcing Efficacy Purchase Task (RREPT) is a 9-item task that assesses different aspects of behavioral demand based on the relationship between demand and price. Demand is reduced as price is increased, and the differences in shape of the demand curve are measures of how reinforcing a substance is. Participants are asked to indicate how many cigarettes they would purchase and consume in a single day if the price per cigarette was $0.00 (free), $0.10, $1.00, $3.00, $10.00, $30.00, $100.00, $300.00, and $1,000.00.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59221
},
{
"id": "tsk_A1AEVp7clZsCB",
"name": "Emotion Identification Task",
"definition_text": "The Emotion Identification Task is a behavioral assay that utilizes two tasks to measure an individual’s ability to identify facial emotions and emotional bias. The first phase (the “study phase”) is an explicit emotion identification task, and the second phase is an implicit emotion recognition task. Using an internet-based test (“WebNeuro”), participants view 96 photographs of 8 different individuals expressing six different emotions: (1) neutral, (2) happy, (3) sad, (4) fear, (5) anger, and (6) disgust.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59224
},
{
"id": "tsk_k6MaDfNGbHqDx",
"name": "Go-No-Go Zoo Task",
"definition_text": "The Go-No-Go Zoo Task is a measure of inhibitory control. Child subjects are instructed to press a key in response to a displayed “go” stimulus (presented for 300 ms) but to avoid response when they are displayed a no-go stimulus. Children are instructed to respond as quickly as they can and to maintain accuracy. Trials are successful in the Go condition when child correctly responds to any animal that is not an orangutan and trials are successful in the No-Go condition when child correctly inhibits a response when seeing an orangutan. Errors are evaluated only for No-go trials (i.e., errors of commission), while successes are evaluated only for each correct Go trial.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59227
},
{
"id": "tsk_zfiXINJdIc1DM",
"name": "Mindstrong for Regulation of Cognition",
"definition_text": "Mindstrong is a phone application that continuously collects data regarding the phone-user’s naturalistic patterns of typing and scrolling. This application will be installed on participant’s phone at a baseline visit and data will be collected on participants’ 45 keyboard and scroll patterns (generated from distinct swiping and tapping patterns) over a two-year period. Regarding cognitive regulation, this technology will specifically collect data on typing latencies, response times, and phone stimuli detection indicating attention, executive function, memory, and processing speed.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59229
},
{
"id": "tsk_zhAW4G31jTPrw",
"name": "Angling Risk Task – Always Sunny",
"definition_text": "The Angling Risk Task (ART) Always Sunny assesses cognitive processes underlying decision making in a sequential risk-taking paradigm. This task is comprised of tournaments of 30 rounds each. In each round, participants “fish” for red and blue fish in an attempt to earn as much money as possible. Of the N fish, N-1 are red and 1 is blue. Each red fish the participant catches is worth five cents; if the participant catches the blue fish, however, the round ends, and the participant loses all the money accumulated in that round. In the “Always Sunny” version of the task, participants are able to see the number of red and blue fish.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59232
},
{
"id": "tsk_tp1574mCRYbWD",
"name": "Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire: Control vs. Impulsivity Scale",
"definition_text": "The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) is a 276-item self-report measure of a broad range of personality traits. It assesses 11 personality traits. Items about control vs. impulsivity assess whether participants report being “reflective,” “cautious,” “careful,” “level-headed,” and “sensible,” and whether they make “detailed plans.” Items are summed to compute a total score for each trait. Higher total scores for the control-vs.-impulsivity trait reflect acting rationally, preferring to plan one’s actions, making decisions carefully, and lack of spontaneity.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59244
},
{
"id": "tsk_NrSniDhXY2NKm",
"name": "Brief Risk-Resilience Index for Screening (BRISC)",
"definition_text": "The Mini Brief Risk-Resilience Index for Screening (BRISC) is a 15-item self-report measure of self-regulation of emotions. The BRISC measures three core domains: negativity bias (5 items; one’s hypersensitivity to stress and anticipation of negative outcomes, e.g., “I tended to overreact to situations”), emotional resilience (5 items; one’s capacity for self-efficacy, e.g., “I felt very satisfied with the way I look and act”), and social skills (5 items; one’s capacity to engage in social situations and seek support, e.g., “I enjoyed socializing and chatting to other people”). Negativity bias is concerned with risk for negative emotional states, whereas emotional resilience and social skills concern regulatory responses to negative emotional states.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59246
},
{
"id": "tsk_nHhIFQgl91Nkc",
"name": "Internal Self-Efficacy Task",
"definition_text": "The Internal Self-Efficacy Task was designed to capture individual differences in the tendency to set challenging goals. In the first stage (Stage 1: Piece-rate real effort task), participants are given three minutes in which they need to complete as many matches as possible in a real-effort slider-matching task. In this task, participants touch the computer screen to move a slider to its “goal” position (i.e., match the slider to the goal). In the second stage (Stage 2: Goal-setting) participants are told that they will again complete the real-effort slider-matching task for a three-minute interval but with a different payment scheme.In the third and final stage (Stage 3) participants complete the three-minute real-effort slider-matching task.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59256
},
{
"id": "tsk_LURJ93Bk1echa",
"name": "Consideration of Future Consequences Scale",
"definition_text": "The Consideration of Future Consequences Scale is comprised of 14 items that tap into an individual’s tendency to think about long-term consequences of his or her actions, or to guide behavior based on short- versus long-term considerations.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59258
},
{
"id": "tsk_Sgb6i1nFqMVjQ",
"name": "Immersive Virtual Reality Assay for Target: Regulation of Emotion (Behavioral and Self-Report)",
"definition_text": "The Immersive Virtual Reality Assay (IVRA) is a virtual reality paradigm designed to engage three self-regulation targets (self-focused reflection, affect, and cognition) and four corresponding brain circuits in a fixed order: (1) default mode circuit (related to self-focused reflection), (2) the negative affect circuit, (3) the positive affect circuit, and (4) the cognitive control circuit. Participants undergo different virtual environments using the Oculus Rift DK2 (virtual reality headset developed and manufactured by Oculus VR). This paradigm is intended to assess a participant’s regulation of emotion by having participants undergo two negative emotion regulation environments for the negative affect circuit and two positive emotion regulation environments for the positive affect circuit.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59261
},
{
"id": "tsk_aojKzJ2tvdhGZ",
"name": "Mindstrong for Regulation of Self-Focused Reflection",
"definition_text": "Mindstrong is a phone application that continuously collects data regarding the phone-user’s naturalistic patterns of typing and scrolling. This application will be installed on participant’s phone at a baseline visit and data will be collected on participants’ 45 keyboard and scroll patterns (generated from distinct swiping and tapping patterns) over a two-year period. Regarding self-reflection-related behavior, this technology will collect data on pertinent smartphone variables including identified resting periods via phone GPS. Over time, these variables will be tracked and monitored for changes in participants’ pattern of daily behavior.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59265
},
{
"id": "tsk_ZnDT4SbTZ2Bye",
"name": "Stroop-like Arrows Task",
"definition_text": "The Stroop-like Arrows Task aims to measure aspects of executive control, such as attentional control and inhibitory control. This adaptation of the Stroop-like Arrows Task consists of a series of 30 red and blue arrows (stimuli), which participants must respond to by pressing a “button” (a green rectangle) either in the congruent direction of the arrow (when it is red) or in the incongruent direction of the arrow (when it is blue). In other words, when the arrow is red and points to the left, the respondent should press the button to the left. On the other hand, when the arrow is blue and points to the left, the respondent should press the button to the right. Respondents must complete the task as quickly as possible.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59270
},
{
"id": "tsk_QlXQe5gup7UFj",
"name": "International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF)",
"definition_text": "The International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF) is a 7-item self-report scale designed to measure physical activity in adults. The scale is used to generate a single total score. Participants are asked to report activities performed across leisure time, work, domestic activities, and travel for at least 10 minutes during the last seven days at each of three intensities: walking, moderate, and vigorous intensity.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59293
},
{
"id": "tsk_pmvG0R2l7APPE",
"name": "optogenetic stimulation",
"definition_text": "Optogenetic stimulation is a genetic technique that enables scientists to activate or inhibit the activity of specific neuron populations using light.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59304
},
{
"id": "tsk_c6667oSpAnrBT",
"name": "Ecological Momentary Assessment of Stressful Events",
"definition_text": "The Ecological Momentary Assessment of Stressful Events is a brief measure of momentary experiences of stress aimed to be administered in ecologically valid environments close in time to the occurrence of stressful events. The goal of this measurement strategy is to minimize retrospective recall biases that can accompany the reporting of stress. The EMA measure consists of a brief set of stem and conditional questions that can be administered via smartphones as people go about their daily activities.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59313
},
{
"id": "tsk_L1akyyjEGdiUs",
"name": "Anxiety Sensitivity Index - 3 (ASI-3)",
"definition_text": "The Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3) is an 18 item scale containing items specifying different concerns someone could have regarding their anxiety. It contains 3 subscales \"ASI-3 Physical Concerns\", \"ASI-3 Cognitive Concerns\", \"ASI-3 Social Concerns\". The subject rates each item by selecting one of five phrases: “very little” (0 points), “a little” (1 point), “some” (2 points), “much” (3 points), and “very much” (4 points). No items are reversed coded.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59323
},
{
"id": "tsk_Rpfz9hVRPtUcq",
"name": "Interoceptive Attentiveness fMRI Task",
"definition_text": "The Interoceptive Attentiveness fMRI Task is a functional magnetic resonance imaging assay of the ability to deploy attention toward information that is internal (i.e., inside the body) versus external (e.g., outside the body). In this task brain activation is measured while the participant is asked to alternate between turning their attention inward (‘Interoception’ condition) and outward (‘Exteroception’ condition). The interoceptive target can be any internal body organ, such as the heart, bladder, stomach, or lungs, although a focus on the heart and the sensations of heartbeats is most commonly used. The exteroceptive target is typically a standard external attention task, such as monitoring for changes in visual stimuli that appear on the screen, as in the widely used Continuous Performance Test.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59325
},
{
"id": "tsk_Jdo0KE737b9N8",
"name": "Two-Stage Task",
"definition_text": "This task assess two types of reinforcement learning (RL): model-free and model-based RL. In this task, participants make two sequential decisions that navigate them through two \"stages\" defined by different stimuli. First-stage choices are associated with one of two second stages (e.g., 2a and 2b): one first-stage choice leads to 2a 70% of the time and 2b 30% of the time, while the opposite is true of the other first-stage choice (i.e. 2a occurs 30% of the time and 2b occurs 70% of the time). Each second-stage choice is associated with some probability of receiving a reward. This probability changes slowly over time, requiring continuous learning in order to succeed at the task.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59329
},
{
"id": "tsk_mUMzkG2xVn82g",
"name": "Convex Time Budgets",
"definition_text": "The Convex Time Budgets (CTB) task measures delay discounting, which is the tendency to discount value in the future (e.g., a lower subjective value of money at a later date relative to an earlier date). In this task, participants make 48 decisions total. Twenty-four of these decisions are in the gains domain, and 24 decisions are in the losses domain. These decisions occur for three compared times: (1) 2 vs. 4 weeks from today, (2) today vs. 4 weeks from today, and (3) today vs. 2 weeks from today.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59333
},
{
"id": "tsk_EeJGKBAbpHkIm",
"name": "Emotion Regulation Strategies Scale",
"definition_text": "The Emotion Regulation Strategies Scale is a 21-item self-reported measure of children’s methods for controlling anger and worry. Children complete a one-on-one interview to assess endorsement of emotion regulation strategies such as inhibition and expression using the 11-item Children’s Anger Management Scale (CAMS) and the 10-item Children’s Worry Management Scale (CWMS). All items are scored using a 3-point Likert scale (1 = hardly ever, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59334
},
{
"id": "tsk_2lU25qYLrwkfj",
"name": "violation-of-expectation task",
"definition_text": "The violation of expectation (VOE) task can be used to query adults' and young children's knowledge and learning about many topics. A minimum, participants are shown a pair of events - one that is more expected, and one that is more unexpected. Participants can be asked to make all sorts of judgments - adults can rate how surprising the outcomes are, and infants can be given the opportunity to look at the events for as long as they choose. The logic behind this task is that if participants have the hypothesized expectation entailed in the contrast between these stimuli, then they should rate one events as more surprising than the other. \r\n\r\nIn studies of infants, especially those that measure looking behavior, there is usually a sequence of familiarization trials first, to give participants enough opportunity to encode the events, and (sometimes) to teach them a particular expectation. After this phase, infants are then shown the expected and unexpected outcomes.\r\n\r\nThe validity of this task hinges on how well-controlled the stimuli are. Oftentimes researchers run many conditions in order to narrow in on exactly what aspects of the stimuli participants are responding to.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59346
},
{
"id": "tsk_zj7EaCdOZ1dae",
"name": "Couples Conflict Task",
"definition_text": "Couples engage in two 10-minute conflict discussions (e.g., one from each partner; top two important topics for couple).The assessor leaves the room for 10 minutes, during which the couple converses uninterrupted. The most fundamental property of a coding system is the sampling strategy for behavior, otherwise known as the coding unit. Major sampling strategies are event, duration, interval, and time. Coding systems can be molar/global (i.e. makes summary ratings) or molecular/microbehavioral (i.e. codes behavior as it unfolds over time). Investigators may use scores to analyze means, variability, or sequences.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59351
},
{
"id": "tsk_2wRB9XpiA4xMN",
"name": "Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness",
"definition_text": "The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness is a 32 item self-report measure composed of the following 8 subscales: (i) Noticing: awareness of uncomfortable, comfortable and neutral bodily sensations; (ii) Not-Distracting: the tendency to not ignore or distract oneself from sensations of pain or discomfort; (iii) Not-Worrying: the tendency to not react with emotional distress or worry to sensations of pain or discomfort; (iv) Attention Regulation: the ability to sustain and control attention to bodily sensation; (v) Emotional Awareness: the awareness of the connection between bodily sensations and emotional states; (vi) Self-Regulation: the ability to regulate psychological distress by attention to bodily sensations; (vii) Body Listening: actively listening to the body for insight; and (viii) Trusting: experiencing one’s body as safe and trustworthy. The MAIA is available free from the University of California OCMI webpage at (https://www.osher.ucsf.edu/maia/)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59366
},
{
"id": "tsk_osfnJ7DNe8DB0",
"name": "Pearlin Mastery Scale",
"definition_text": "The Pearlin Mastery Scale consists of seven items designed to assess one aspect of psychological coping resources (Mastery). Example items include, “Sometimes I feel that I am being pushed here and there in life” (reverse-scored) and “What happens to me in the future mostly depends on me.” Response options range from 1, strongly disagree, to 7, strongly agree. Higher scores indicate greater mastery.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59367
},
{
"id": "tsk_HJI7NLY38yZgx",
"name": "Parent-Child Interaction Protocol",
"definition_text": "Parent-child interaction typically takes place in a small room containing a chair for the parent and three low tables. Objects that are attractive to children in this age range, but are not typically considered toys (e.g., a manual typewriter, an old school bell, a sealed glass jar of hard candy) are on the tables. The parent is instructed that the child is forbidden to touch these objects. The interaction consists of three tasks that present the parent with typical but challenging situations for the parent and child: 1. the parent is instructed to supervise the child for a maximum of 10 minutes in putting a set of toys into a plastic bin. 2. the parent gives the child another set of toys and is instructed to have the child play independently while the parent engages in a 10-minute simulated phone conversation with the experimenter. 3. the parent is told to have the child play quietly and independently on a mat while the parent completes questionnaires for 10 minutes.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59376
},
{
"id": "tsk_SJ4Q7gOYfy25Y",
"name": "Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test",
"definition_text": "Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test is a behavioral task that assesses non-verbal, analytic intelligence. Participants are presented with a display showing a matrix (e.g., a 3 x 3 grid consisting of three rows with three cells in each row). With the exception of the cell on the bottom right, each of the other cells in the display is occupied by a complex visual stimulus. Participants’ task is to determine which of eight other possible stimuli is the correct entry for the single empty cell.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59386
},
{
"id": "tsk_22KTtBdDDjZrU",
"name": "Risk Preferences Task",
"definition_text": "The Risk Preferences Task is a behavioral measure of risky decision-making that occurs in three series. In each series, participants must choose to draw a ball from one of two jars: Jar A or Jar B. Jar A and Jar B each contain two balls with an equal probability of being chosen at random (50%). The first round is an unpaid practice round, after which Series 1-3 occur (Series 1: choices over gains, Series 2: choices over losses, Series 3: choices over gains and losses).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59387
},
{
"id": "tsk_9UB5vNDvAKzYw",
"name": "cue-based expectancy paradigm combining emotion regulation task",
"definition_text": null,
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59394
},
{
"id": "tsk_bc6vIpoShChdF",
"name": "Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)- Child Version",
"definition_text": "The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) is a 20-item self-report questionnaire used to measure the emotions of the respondent’s child during the past few weeks. The items are grouped into the two subscales with 10 items each: positive affect and negative affect. The respondent is asked to read several words which describe different feelings and emotions and enter a number that corresponds to the value on a scale to indicate the extent to which his/her child feels this way on average.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59402
},
{
"id": "tsk_UwGwPHdQkMJqi",
"name": "NIH Self-Efficacy Scale",
"definition_text": "The NIH Toolbox Self-Efficacy Scale is a 10-item self-reported measure that assesses belief in one’s capacity to manage and have control over meaningful events in life. Children answer questions (e.g., “I can manage to solve difficult problems if I try hard enough”; “When I have a problem, I can find several ways to solve it”) using a 5-point Likert response scale (1=Never, 2=Almost Never, 3=Sometimes, 4=Fairly Often, 5=Very Often). Total self-efficacy score ranges from 10-50.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59406
},
{
"id": "tsk_QN7TaO3lQgQpv",
"name": "Rapid Marital Interaction Coding System (RMICS)",
"definition_text": "The Rapid Marital Interaction Coding System (RMICS) is an event-based system designed to code observed dyadic behavior. Behavior is defined broadly to include all observable actions (i.e. affective, motoric, paralinguistic, and linguistic). The RMICS was designed to measure frequencies of behavior and behavioral patterns (i.e. sequences) between intimate partners during conflicts. It comprises three negative codes (low-intensity hostility, high-intensity hostility, dysphoric affect), two positive codes (low-intensity positivity, high-intensity positivity), one neutral (constructive problem discussion/solution), and one other. Coders assign a code to each speaker and listener turn, contingent on the verbal, nonverbal, and paraverbal content within.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59419
},
{
"id": "tsk_QEgcdL3G9d3fp",
"name": "Couple Coercion Scale",
"definition_text": "This 9-item self-report scale assesses an individual's perception of how much coercion characterizes their relationship with their partner. Items are rated on a 5-point scale from Never to Always",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59420
},
{
"id": "tsk_m9ORBitZNadcZ",
"name": "Parent-Rated Stress (NIH Perceived Stress Scale)",
"definition_text": "The NIH Toolbox Perceived Stress Survey is a 10-item parent report measure of the stress experienced by children ages 8 to 12 years old. It assesses how unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloaded respondents believe that their children find their lives. It is comprised of 10 items from the original Perceived Stress Scale developed for adults.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59440
},
{
"id": "tsk_dwOdvcER9RnBx",
"name": "Parent Cognition Scale",
"definition_text": "The Parent Cognition Scale (PCS) is a 30-item self-report measure designed to assess the degree to which parents endorse dysfunctional child-responsible and parent-causal attributions for child misbehavior. Respondents are asked to think about a target child’s misbehavior over the past 2 months and to rate various possible causes for their child’s misbehavior on a 6-point Likert scale that ranges from 1 (always true) to 6 (never true).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59441
},
{
"id": "tsk_m9ZOG13yjvsPV",
"name": "Frustration in Timed Backwards Math",
"definition_text": "The Frustration in Timed Backwards Math Task assesses behaviors that indicate general anxiety, sadness, or frustration/anger in children. Participants complete the serial subtraction portion of the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C), an adapted version of a standardized stress paradigm originally developed and evaluated in adults. Participants are asked to count backwards from a high number by a certain interval. If a mistake is made, then they must start again from the beginning.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59442
},
{
"id": "tsk_5UPYiqtoX3yUf",
"name": "Future Events Structured Interview",
"definition_text": "The Future Events Structured Interview is a measure that assesses a child’s future-thinking processes. The measure captures different categories of descriptive details the child uses to describe future events in his or her life. A child participant is instructed to describe upcoming events aloud. Each interview is transcribed from audiotape and then the language is coded for frequencies of used words and phrases in the following dimensions: a) event details-internal; b) time; c) perception; d) emotion/thought; e) social; f) repetition; g) event details-external-semantic; h) external other.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59445
},
{
"id": "trm_4fba85a597ca9",
"name": "delayed memory task",
"definition_text": "a number between 2 and 7 digits is displayed for a brief period and is followed by a greater period of time than that in its complement, the immediate memory task, that contains distractor stimuli.",
"alias": "DMT",
"ID(c)": 23637
},
{
"id": "trm_565a31fa6f444",
"name": "regulated heat stimulation",
"definition_text": "The general task design is that a heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale. For this task, there are 9 runs. Runs 1,2, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9 are âpassive experienceâ runs, meaning that participants passively experience and rate the heat stimuli. Run 3 and 7 are âregulationâ runs, meaning that participants can cognitively âincreaseâ (regulate-up) or âdecreaseâ (regulate-down) pain intensity. For complete details, see:\r\n\r\nhttp://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002036",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23638
},
{
"id": "trm_5667451917a34",
"name": "2-stage decision task",
"definition_text": "Subjects participate in a two-stage decision task where they make a binary choice in each stage (stage 1&2) and probabilistically receive reward after the final stage (stage 2). First-stage choices are primarily associated with one of two second-stages (labeled 2a and 2b): one first-stage choice leads to 2a 70% of the time and 2b 30% of the time, while the opposite is true of the other first-stage choice. Each second-stage choice has its own probability of reward (constantly changing via a random-walk). The ultimate goal of the subject is to maximize reward, which are only given during the second stage. The ideal subject would identify the most rewarding second-stage stimulus and make first-stage choices that make it more likely to arrive at the relevant second stage. ",
"alias": "two-stage decision task",
"ID(c)": 23639
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b6d",
"name": "backward masking",
"definition_text": "a phenomenon wherein presenting one stimulus (a "mask" or "masking stimulus") immediately after another brief (⤠50 ms) "target" stimulus leads to a failure to consciously perceive the first stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23640
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2af083332",
"name": "size match task",
"definition_text": "participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are the same size",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23641
},
{
"id": "trm_56674133b666c",
"name": "adaptive n-back task",
"definition_text": "A variant of the n-back task, each trial consists of letters (b,d,g,t,v) presented in successive order. Subjects must press a button if the current letter matches the letter that occurred n trials ago (regardless of capitalization). N varies according to a staircase tracking method that increases as subjects accurately respond and decrease as subjects make errors. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23642
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2c18e1dd9",
"name": "object decision task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown pictures and asked to identify whether the object could be real or is unreal",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23643
},
{
"id": "trm_565a2e79b22f2",
"name": "incentive modulated antisaccade task",
"definition_text": "The basic antisaccade task is as follows:\r\n\r\nSubjects view a fixation point and a visual target is presented. Subjects are instructed to make a saccade away from the target (antisaccade).\r\n\r\nFor this version (from Figure 1 of http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929311000612)\r\n\r\nAt the onset of each AS trial, participants were first presented with one of two incentive cues (1500 ms) (Fig. 1). For rewarded trials, the cue consisted of three rectangles containing dollar signs ($ $ $), indicating that money could be earned on that trial if correctly performed. Participants were told that they could win up to US $25 based on their performance during the task. However, they did not know how much they could win on any given trial in order to prevent them from keeping a running tally of their earnings and invoking processes (i.e. working memory) separate from inhibitory control and reward processing. For neutral trials, the three consecutive rectangles each contained a dash (â â â), which indicated that no monetary gain was at stake for that trial. After the initial cue, a central red fixation cross subtending â¼0.7° of visual angle appeared (3000 ms), instructing participants to prepare for the target stimulus. The red central fixation then disappeared and a horizontally peripheral target stimulus (yellow spot, subtending â¼0.5°) appeared (1500 ms) at an unpredictable location on the horizontal meridian (±3°, 6°, or 9°). Participants were instructed to refrain from looking at the stimulus when it appeared but instead move their eyes to its mirror location. Target location was randomized within each run. During the VGS trials, participants were presented with a green fixation cross (1500 ms) which instructed them to look toward the peripheral stimulus when it appeared. No incentive cue was provided for VGS trials. The VGS trials were randomly interspersed between the AS trials to minimize the possibility that participants would establish an inhibitory response set (Velanova et al., 2009), but were not further analyzed. As indicated in previous studies, (Ollinger et al., 2001b and Ollinger et al., 2001a), the inter-trial fixation period was jittered between intervals of 1.5, 3, or 4.5 s (uniformly distributed) and consisted of participants simply fixating a central white cross on a black background. Participants performed three functional runs of the task (5 min 2 s each in duration) for a total of 30 reward AS trials, 30 neutral AS trials and 15 VGS trials.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23644
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b964d3ec",
"name": "overlapping figures task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to identify all the objects in pictures containing overlapping figures",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23645
},
{
"id": "trm_4fb4175126374",
"name": "meditation task",
"definition_text": "Participants perform meditation either according to a particular school or undirected in conjunction with cognitive, behavioral, and/or physiological measures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23646
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3d7",
"name": "trace conditioning",
"definition_text": "a form of classical conditioning in which the presentation of the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus is separated in time by an interstimulus interval.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23647
},
{
"id": "trm_50b40bca8cf83",
"name": "Hungry Donkey Task",
"definition_text": "The Hungry Donkey Task is a version of Bechera's Iowa Gambling Task for children; it is a test in the areas of cognition & emotion that was originally developed to assist in detecting decision-making impairment in patients with prefrontal cortex damage. The experiment is often computerized and is carried out in real time and resembles real-world contingencies. A donkey chooses from four doors, each with a cost or reward in apples. The objective is to give the donkey the most apples possible. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23648
},
{
"id": "trm_5667436296862",
"name": "image monitoring",
"definition_text": "Subjects are serially presented 3 different images (colored squares). Subjects must monitor the repetitions of these images and press a button when any image reaches 4 repetitions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23649
},
{
"id": "trm_5667441c338a7",
"name": "2nd-order rule acquisition",
"definition_text": "In this task, subjects are presented with 18 stimuli composed of three dimensions: 3 shapes, 3 orientations and 2 colored borders. Subjects had to learn one of three key responses for each of the 18 stimuli. In the "flat" condition, the 18 stimuli to 3 responses mapping was arbitrary, requiring subjects to individually learn each of the 18 associations. In a hierarchical condition, the colored borders indicated whether "orientation" or "shape" determined the response. This simplifies performance if subjects learn this hierarchical structure.",
"alias": "2nd-order decision task, second-order rule acquisition",
"ID(c)": 23650
},
{
"id": "trm_50b55d8a6da00",
"name": "PEBL Perceptual Vigilance Task",
"definition_text": "This task measures sustained attention and reaction time. A light blinks randomly and the subject is asked to press a button when the they see it. The focus is not on how quickly the subject notices the light, but how often the subject doesn't notice the light. It is often used to study the effects of sleep deprivation and sleep debt. ",
"alias": "PPVT, psychomotor vigilance task, PVT",
"ID(c)": 23651
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b4bb165c",
"name": "orientation match task",
"definition_text": "participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are shown with the same orientation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23652
},
{
"id": "trm_4af89b3a925ca",
"name": "Vandenberg & Kuse Tasks",
"definition_text": "Paper and pencil Test of mental rotation ability. Participants must are presented with four 3-D block figures and must select 2 from the group which match a reference figure. This test is administered under time contraints. A male advantage is typically seen on this type of task, as measured by test accuracy.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23653
},
{
"id": "trm_4b1968619b00b",
"name": "color-word stroop task",
"definition_text": "A task in which single words (including names of colors) are presented in colored ink, and the subject is asked to name the color of the ink as quickly as possible. The ink color may either match or conflict with the color name. Accuracy and response time are measured.",
"alias": "Stroop color-word task, Stroop color-word interference task, Stroop color naming task",
"ID(c)": 23654
},
{
"id": "trm_4b4a537644d76",
"name": "Penn continuous performance task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with a stream of letters, and must respond to one of the letters and refrain from responding to any other letters. The Penn Continuous Performance Test (PCPT) uses a standard CPT paradigm. The participant responds to a set of 7-segment displays presented 1/sec., whenever they form a digit (NUMBERS, initial 3 min) or letter (LETTERS, next 3 min). The number of true positive responses is recorded as the accuracy score and the median response time for true positive responses is the measure of attention speed.",
"alias": "PCPT",
"ID(c)": 23655
},
{
"id": "trm_4b65e5e2ab3ca",
"name": "word-picture verification task",
"definition_text": "is an experimental paradigm where a picture of an object is presented along with either an auditory or written word and participants indicate whether the word and the picture refer to the same concept. It is typically used as a test of semantic memory integrity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23656
},
{
"id": "trm_4b7497a289534",
"name": "block design test",
"definition_text": "the block design test is a subtest of perceptual reasoning index of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV. The block design test measures spatial perception, visual abstract processing, and problem solving.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23657
},
{
"id": "trm_4b749b8829eee",
"name": "embedded figures test",
"definition_text": "In the embedded figures test, the research participant is shown a complex background figure and asked to describe it. After this, the participant is shown a target (such as the outline of a triangle) and asked to locate the target amid the background figure.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23658
},
{
"id": "trm_4b75ea4ddd896",
"name": "same-different task",
"definition_text": "A task which assesses shifting attention. In the computerized version of this task, three spaceships appear on a screen and the participant must determine if the spaceships are all different or all the same. The spaceships can differ in color, size, or shape type. There are three levels of difficulty. In the first level, the spaceships must all be identical to be considered the same. In the second level of difficulty, the spaceships are considered the same even if they only share two qualities, and in the third difficulty level, the spaceships only need to share one quality to be considered the same. Auditory feedback is given after each response notifying the child whether their answer was correct. ",
"alias": "same-different matching task",
"ID(c)": 23659
},
{
"id": "trm_4b843655d5d75",
"name": "chimeric animal Stroop task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are shown pictures of chimeric animals (such as a duck's head attached to a cow's body) and asked to name animal that the head belongs to while ignoring the identity of the body, or vice versa. ",
"alias": "chimerical animal Stroop test",
"ID(c)": 23660
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86c2e871b14",
"name": "rapid automatized naming test",
"definition_text": ""Participants are required to name, as rapidly as possible, items presented visually on a chart. Each chart contains five rows of 10 stimuli from a category of five items. Categories include colors, lowercase letters, digits, and common objects. The tests are scored for total number of errors and time in seconds taken to complete each chart." - (Meyer, Wood, Hart, & Felton 1998)",
"alias": "RAN",
"ID(c)": 23661
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86c473a7166",
"name": "underlining test",
"definition_text": "This test involves finding and underlining stimuli among other stimuli. There are four conditions of the test: finding and underlining letters among other letters, drawings among other drawings, real words among nonsense letter strings, and then specific nonsense words among others. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23662
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86c55f3d5df",
"name": "WISC-R Mazes",
"definition_text": "This task involves completing a series of increasingly complex mazes. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23663
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86dbcd8ff78",
"name": "rapid serial object transformation",
"definition_text": "A task where two sets of differently colored superimposed patterns of dots rotate in opposite directions. The participant is asked to pay attention to on set of dots. One of the sets of dots will then move across the screen and the participant must say which direction the dots are moving. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23664
},
{
"id": "trm_4b94affc43245",
"name": "Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence",
"definition_text": "The WASI meets the demand for a reliable, brief measure of intellectual ability in clinical, educational and research settings for ages 6 to 89 years. With parallel forms of WAIS-IIIUK and WISC-IIIUK subtests, it offers the clinician a means of reducing practice effects on repeat testing. It yields traditional verbal, performance and full scale IQ scores and is linked to the WISC-IIIUK and WAIS-IIIUK. The WASI allows you to choose whether to use the four or two subtest format.",
"alias": "WASI",
"ID(c)": 23665
},
{
"id": "trm_4b94b12bf0eb2",
"name": "Wechsler Memory Scale Fourth Edition",
"definition_text": "Areas of Assessment\r\n\r\nUpdated Test Structure\r\n\r\nThe WMS-IV has had significant changes to the overall test structure. Based on feedback from customers, we are introducing four new subtests and modifying three existing subtests.\r\n\r\n4 subtests were added:\r\n\r\n * Spatial Addition\r\n * Symbol Span\r\n * Design Memory\r\n * General Cognitive Screener\r\n\r\n3 subtests retained with modifications:\r\n\r\n * Logical Memory\r\n Although the stories remain the same as seen in WMS-III for ages 16-69 years old, the repetition trial for Story B has been dropped to increase the consistency with previous editions. For the older age range of 65-90 years old, a new story was developed with content more relevant. The story is shorter and repeated once to enable adequate floor through age 90. You can obtain immediate versus delay and recognition versus delay contrast scores.\r\n * Verbal Paired Associates\r\n It now includes a combination of difficult and easy items. For the younger age group (16-69 years) there are 14 items of which 10 are hard. For the older age group (65-90 years), there are 10 items of which six are hard. Delayed Free Recall Trial has been added while Recognition Trial has increased its level of difficulty. You can obtain immediate versus delay and recognition versus delay contrast scores.\r\n * Visual Reproduction\r\n While following the same structure and format as seen in WMS-III, there have been a few changes to the subtest. Recognition Trial has been shortened and scoring has been improved. Based on Munro Cullumâs research, scoring is easier and faster than previously experienced and emphasizes recall with less focus on drawing accuracy. You can obtain immediate versus delay and recognition versus delay contrast scores.\r\n\r\n8 subtests were eliminated:\r\n\r\n * Information & Orientation\r\n * Spatial Span\r\n * Mental Control\r\n * Faces\r\n * Digit Span\r\n * Family Pictures\r\n * Letter Number\r\n * Word List (CVLT-II can be entered int",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23666
},
{
"id": "trm_4b9568b2865c2",
"name": "MicroCog",
"definition_text": "a commercially developed computerized assessment battery designed to detect early signs of cognitive impairment",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23667
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e0a9576c3b",
"name": "letter number sequencing",
"definition_text": "a task that requires the reordering of an initially unordered set of letters and numbers",
"alias": "letter-number sequencing",
"ID(c)": 23668
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e0add96550",
"name": "oculomotor delayed response",
"definition_text": "a task that requires an eye movement to be made to a cued location after a delay",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23669
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d10cd776e",
"name": "operation span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are asked to perform a simple mathematical verification (e.g., 4/2 +1 = 3) and then read a word, with a recall test following some number of those verify/read pairs. The maximum number of words that can be recalled is the "operation span".",
"alias": "OSPAN",
"ID(c)": 23670
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d168898db",
"name": "reading span task",
"definition_text": "A task that requires participants to read series of unconnected sentences aloud and to remember the final word of each sentence of a series (grouped according to the total number of sentences). With each sentence presented on a card, participants were cued to recall the memorized end-of-sentence words in their original order by a blank card at the end of a series. The number of sentences of a series was incrementally increased until a participant's reading span, or the maximum number of final words correctly recalled, was found. (From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_span_task)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23671
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d1d16071e",
"name": "listening span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects must listen to a set of sentences and remember the last word in the sentence. The number of words that can be recalled is the "listening span." ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23672
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d2a93ea15",
"name": "AX-CPT task",
"definition_text": "A version of the continuous performance task in which subjects are told to make one response for the letter X when it was preceded by the letter A, and another response for all other stimuli. AX trials are "target trials"; in these types of trials a valid cue is followed by a valid probe. The 3 other trial types are "Non-target trials" in which either a valid cue is followed by an invalid probe ("AY" type trials) or an invalid cue is followed by either a valid or invalid probe ("BX" or "BY" probes, respectively). ",
"alias": "Continuous performance Test - AX version",
"ID(c)": 23673
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d325977f0",
"name": "self ordered pointing task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a set of stimuli is presented, and subjects must point to one stimulus at a time, without ever pointing at the same stimulus twice.",
"alias": "self ordered pointing task, SOPT",
"ID(c)": 23674
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d4054f38b",
"name": "keep-track task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are first shown a set of categories to keep track of for a particular trial (e.g., animals, colors, and countries). They are then presented with words (including words from each category), and must remember the last word that was presented from each of the categories and recall those words at the end of the trial. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23675
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8989e1f3df7",
"name": "acupuncture task",
"definition_text": "subjects are monitored for their cognitive, behavioral, and/or physiological responses to stimulation with filamentous needles",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23676
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898a20eb254",
"name": "braille reading task",
"definition_text": "Blind subjects read Braille words with their finger(s).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23677
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898a680e424",
"name": "breath-holding",
"definition_text": "The subject is cued to breathe in and then hold their breath for an extended period of time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23678
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898a8fd3afb",
"name": "chewing/swallowing",
"definition_text": "Subjects chew an oral stimulus that is not food (e.g., gum) or swallow their own saliva. If the oral stimulus is food or liquid that is swallowed, then the correct paradigm class is eating/drinking",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23679
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898acd1f28e",
"name": "pavlovian conditioning task",
"definition_text": "participants encounter a stimulus (designated the "conditional stimulus" or CS and being one without inherent significance) is paired with an unconditional stimulus or US, so named because it is biologically significant (e.g. food, sex, drug, pain), so that the participant responds to the former in a way that conveys his or her association of the two; subtypes of classical conditioning vary the temporal relationship between the CS and US.",
"alias": "classical conditioning task",
"ID(c)": 23680
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b02722d2",
"name": "Counting/Calculation",
"definition_text": "Subjects count, add, subtract, multiply, or divide various stimuli (numbers, bars, dots, etc).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23681
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b29660b0",
"name": "cued explicit recognition",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a list of items (words, pictures, sounds, or abstract patterns) prior to scanning. During scanning, probe words are presented and subject recall if the words are familiar or unfamiliar.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23682
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b4b463aa",
"name": "deception task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are asked to perform a task and either lie or be truthful in their responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23683
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b8c2d071",
"name": "deductive reasoning task",
"definition_text": "Participants generate or evaluate conclusions based on given or well-known premises.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23684
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898bbab4fd4",
"name": "divided auditory attention",
"definition_text": "During the performance of an unrelated task, subjects simultaneously respond to auditory stimuli (tone or word discrimination, with or without distractors). Also often co-coded with Tone Monitor/Discrimination.",
"alias": "divided attention test",
"ID(c)": 23685
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898be57fcbc",
"name": "drawing",
"definition_text": "Subjects draw lines, circles, or drawings using a pen or stylus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23686
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898c0786246",
"name": "eating/drinking",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23687
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898c33ee5f8",
"name": "encoding task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view stimuli (words, pictures, letters) and are instructed to memorize them.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23688
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898c8bf1b4f",
"name": "episodic recall",
"definition_text": "Subjects recall items from episodic memory (autobiographical history, long-term event memories). This class is commonly used in generating a type of emotion linked to a specific memory. This class does NOT include tasks which probe semantic memory (memory of facts or concepts) in which subjects are asked to recall stimuli that were memorized prior to scanning - those are coded as Cued Explicit Recognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23689
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898cb4ada49",
"name": "face monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with human faces and are instructed to view them passively or discriminate according to their order, gender, location, emotion, or appearance. If the subjects view the faces passively, then the experiment is NOT co-coded with Passive Viewing.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23690
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898da401420",
"name": "film viewing",
"definition_text": "Subjects view movie or film clips passively or are required to make a discrimination when the clip is over.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23691
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898f079d05e",
"name": "finger tapping task",
"definition_text": "Subjects tap their fingers according to a visual, auditory, or no cue.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23692
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898f72228f3",
"name": "fixation task",
"definition_text": "Subjects fixate on a visual target.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23693
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898f8f297ac",
"name": "flashing checkerboard",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a flashing checkerboard.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23694
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898fad429ed",
"name": "flexion/extension",
"definition_text": "Subjects move (flex and extend) their hands, arms, legs, feet, lips, tongue, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23695
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898fc6722f4",
"name": "free word list recall",
"definition_text": "Participants view a list of words and after a delay are asked to freely recall the words presented.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23696
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898ff0bea97",
"name": "grasping task",
"definition_text": "Subjects grasped or gripped a presented stimulus with their hand or mimicked grasping one that was not physically presented (i.e., was imaginary or presented as a picture or video).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23697
},
{
"id": "trm_4c899005b11d5",
"name": "imagined movement",
"definition_text": "Subjects imagine performing some movement (e.g., finger tapping, reaching).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23698
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89903149aeb",
"name": "imagined objects/scenes",
"definition_text": "Subject generate vivid images of objects, places, concepts, hypothetical events (not in their past), or the completion of tasks.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23699
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990480ad0f",
"name": "isometric force",
"definition_text": "Subjects use their hands or fingers to apply isometric force or complete a precision grip task.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23700
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990810541d",
"name": "mental rotation task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view visual stimuli (2D or 3D) and determine whether and to what extent they are rotated between trials.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23701
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89909cc1f33",
"name": "micturition task",
"definition_text": "Subjects think about voiding urine, provide urine samples, or keep a micturition diary.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23702
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990b07a037",
"name": "music comprehension/production",
"definition_text": "Subjects listen to music passively or are asked to sing overtly.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23703
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990c87035d",
"name": "naming (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them silently",
"alias": "covert naming task, covert production task",
"ID(c)": 23704
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990e187dc7",
"name": "naming (overt)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them aloud.",
"alias": "overt naming task, reading aloud task",
"ID(c)": 23705
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990f59266f",
"name": "non-painful electrical stimulation",
"definition_text": "Subjects are electrically stimulated below pain threshold.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23706
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89910b7f8bc",
"name": "non-painful thermal stimulation",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience thermal stimulation (heat) below pain threshold.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23707
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89912c79030",
"name": "olfactory monitoring/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with odors and are instructed to smell them passively or to discriminate according to some feature (pleasant/unpleasant, strong/weak, same/different, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23708
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89913f80802",
"name": "orthographic discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view letters and discriminate according to some feature (uppercase/lowercase, alphabetic order, same/different spelling of words, vowel/consonant, font size, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23709
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8991c5beb0a",
"name": "pain monitor/discrimination task",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience thermal or electrical stimulation at a painful threshold.",
"alias": "pain judgment task",
"ID(c)": 23710
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8991e6e8597",
"name": "paired associate recall",
"definition_text": "Subjects are shown paired stimuli prior to the task. During the task, subjects are shown a single stimuli and are asked to recall the associated pair. Stimuli may be words, faces, objects, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23711
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8991fadfe01",
"name": "passive listening",
"definition_text": "Subjects listen to various auditory stimuli and make no response. Stimuli include speech (words, sentences), noise, tones, etc. If the stimulus is tones, then the experiment is co-coded with Tone Monitor/Discrimination.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23712
},
{
"id": "trm_4c899211a965c",
"name": "passive viewing",
"definition_text": "Subjects view various visual stimuli and make no response. Stimuli include houses, faces, objects, fractals, letter strings, line drawings, complex scenes, etc. If the presented stimuli were faces, the experiments are co-coded with Face Monitor/Discrimination. But if the presented stimuli are words, the experiments are not coded as passive viewing but rather as reading (covert).",
"alias": "passive watching",
"ID(c)": 23713
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89922cb6402",
"name": "phonological discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view or listen to phonemes, syllables, or words and discriminate according to some feature of their sounds (rhyming, number of syllables, homophones, etc.).",
"alias": "phonological decision task",
"ID(c)": 23714
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89924414c69",
"name": "pitch/monitor discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with various stimuli (human speech and non-speech vocalizations, animal vocalization, mechanical noise, etc.) and are instructed to listen to them passively (also co-coded with Passive Listening), or discriminate based on pitch (pleasant/unpleasant, same/different, duration, familiar/unfamiliar, male/female).",
"alias": "pitch discrimination task",
"ID(c)": 23715
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89926767870",
"name": "pointing task",
"definition_text": "Subjects look and point at a target (e.g. cursor with their arm, hand, finger, or shoulder).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23716
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a82ba8a538",
"name": "reading (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view words, pseudo-words, Asian characters, phrases, or sentences and read them silently.",
"alias": "covert reading task, silent reading task, silent production task",
"ID(c)": 23717
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a82eeaa58f",
"name": "reading (overt)",
"definition_text": "subjects view words, pseudo-words, logograms, phrases, or sentences and read them aloud.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23718
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a830dec136",
"name": "recitation/repetition (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects silently repeat or recite phonemes, words, or well-known text (nursery rhymes, Pledge of Allegiance, months of the year, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23719
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a8329cb8ff",
"name": "recitation/repetition (overt)",
"definition_text": "Subjects repeat or recite phonemes, words, or well-known text (nursery rhymes, Pledge of Allegiance, months of the year, etc.) aloud.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23720
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a834779883",
"name": "rest eyes open",
"definition_text": "Subjects rest passively with their eyes open. Often used as a baseline for comparison for other tasks.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23721
},
{
"id": "trm_50f72e93ea9e3",
"name": "Motor Screening Task",
"definition_text": "The Motor Screening Task is typically administered at the beginning of a battery, and serves as a simple introduction to the touch screen for the participant. If a participant is unable to comply with the simple requirements of this task it is unlikely that they will be able to complete other tasks successfully. This task therefore screens for visual, movement and comprehension difficulties.",
"alias": "(MOT)",
"ID(c)": 23722
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a83cac75f5",
"name": "sequence recall/learning",
"definition_text": "Subjects learn and/or perform a complex sequence of finger tapping, button pressing, pointing/clicking, or various other motor responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23723
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a83f27ac55",
"name": "spatial location/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view shapes or other stimuli (letters, pictures, numbers, or arrows) and discriminate according to their location, orientation, or size.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23724
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a840d6f969",
"name": "subjective emotional picture discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view pictures and are instructed to respond to emotional pictures, to indicate which pictures are pleasant/unpleasant or funny/not funny, or rate the valence of emotional pictures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23725
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a842512a33",
"name": "syntactic discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects viewed grammatically correct and incorrect sentences and discriminate according to their grammar. This class also includes morphosyntactic tasks such as gender discrimination of words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23726
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a843d8d352",
"name": "tactile monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience tactile/somatosensory stimulation and are asked to attend passively or discriminate according to some feature (shape, texture, same/different, frequency of presentation, etc.) Also includes: subjects are presented with 3-dimensional objects and are asked to manipulate them in their hands and probe their features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23727
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a8467304e2",
"name": "theory of mind task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are asked to perform a task involving the understanding of another's personal beliefs and feelings or forming hypotheses regarding the mental states of others.",
"alias": "TOM task",
"ID(c)": 23728
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84825c4e4",
"name": "tone monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with tones and are instructed to listen to them passively (also coded as passive listening) or discriminate according to their order, timing, pitch, frequency, or amplitude.",
"alias": "tone discrimination task, tone monitoring task",
"ID(c)": 23729
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84afdd863",
"name": "vibrotactile monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience vibrotactile stimulation to the hand, finger, arm, toe, or lip.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23730
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84d4c4157",
"name": "video games",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23731
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84f20dde2",
"name": "visual attention task",
"definition_text": "This category is a catch-all for visuoattention paradigms. Examples include: subjects press a button when a visual target (letters, bars, circles, asterisks, LEDs, etc) appears; subjects detect changes in luminance, shape, or color of visual stimuli; subjects fixate on a central stimuli while ignoring peripheral distractors. Also includes cued, attention shift, and divided attention paradigms.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23732
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a85534241d",
"name": "visual pursuit/tracking",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a moving target(s) and track its movement across the screen. Frequently, stimuli are moving dots.",
"alias": "tracking task",
"ID(c)": 23733
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a8575d1e55",
"name": "whistling",
"definition_text": "participants are cued to inhale and to whistle at fixed intervals, usually during some measure of brain physiology",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23734
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a858da803d",
"name": "word stem completion (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view word stems and silently generate a word that completes the stem.",
"alias": "WSC",
"ID(c)": 23735
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a85a4564b2",
"name": "word stem completion (overt)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view word stems and overtly generate a word that completes the stem.",
"alias": "word stem completion task, WSC",
"ID(c)": 23736
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a85c5c75eb",
"name": "writing task",
"definition_text": "Subjects write letters or words with a pen, stylus, or their finger.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23737
},
{
"id": "trm_4cacee4a1d875",
"name": "mixed gambles task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with gambles in which they have a 50% chance of gaining some amount of money and a 50% chance of losing some other amount of money. The subject decides whether or not they would accept the gamble. The amount of the potential gain and loss are varied across trials. Gambles are not resolved during performance of the task; after the end of the task, some gambles are chosen at random and played for real money if they were accepted. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23738
},
{
"id": "trm_4cacf22a22d80",
"name": "Probabilistic classification task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a set of stimuli and must classify those stimuli into one of two categories. In a common version known as the "weather prediction task" the stimuli are cards with geometric shapes on them and the outcomes are rainy versus sunny weather. The feedback is probabilistic, and performance is measured by the proportion of statistically optimal responses.",
"alias": "probabilistic classification learning task, weather prediction task",
"ID(c)": 23739
},
{
"id": "trm_4cacf3fbc503b",
"name": "conditional stop signal task",
"definition_text": "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response, but only for a subset of possible responses. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23740
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb94981d",
"name": "action imitation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a participant sees another person perform an action and later performs the same action him/herself. Imitation can be immediate or delayed. It can be instructed or elicited implicitly (without the participant's conscious awareness). The actions imitated can be familar/meaningful actions or unfamilar/meaningless actions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23741
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949846",
"name": "action observation task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view images of actions in order to learn the action themselves. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23742
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949858",
"name": "adult attachment interview",
"definition_text": "Standardized interview used to assess developmental and attachment history. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23743
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949869",
"name": "antisaccade/prosaccade task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a fixation point and a visual target is presented. Subjects are instructed to make a saccade away from the target (antisaccade) or to the target (prosaccade).",
"alias": "antisaccade task",
"ID(c)": 23744
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949879",
"name": "rapid serial visual presentation task",
"definition_text": "attentional processing of a first stimulus interferes with and/or delays the allocation of attention to a second stimulus if the second is presented before the processing of the first has been completed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23745
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949889",
"name": "audio-visual target detection task",
"definition_text": "This task pairs auditory and visual stimuli. Participants are asked to indicate when the paired stimuli are presented in synchrony, or to identify the locations of the stimuli among distracting visual and auditory information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23746
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb94989b",
"name": "backward digit span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are presented with sequentially presented digits and are then asked to recall the items backwards. The number of digits that can be correctly recalled provides an estimate of working memory capacity.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23747
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498ab",
"name": "behavioral rating inventory of executive function",
"definition_text": "used for evaluating and planning treatment strategies for a wide spectrum of developmental and acquired neurological conditions, including learning disabilities, low birth weight, ADHD, Tourette's disorder, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Autism; consists of 8 non-overlapping clinical scales that form two broader indexes: Behavior Regulation (three scales) and Metacognition (five scales). A Global Executive Composite score is also produced; completed by parents and teachers, is suitable for children as young as 5 years old.",
"alias": "BRIEF",
"ID(c)": 23748
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498bc",
"name": "Benton facial recognition test",
"definition_text": "A tool used to assess deficits in facial recognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23749
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498ce",
"name": "Birmingham object recognition battery",
"definition_text": "a set of standardized procedures for assessing neuropsychological disorders of visual object recognition which includes tests to assess low-level aspects of visual perception (using same-different matching of basic perceptual features, such as orientation, length, position and object size), intermediate visual processes (e.g., matching objects different in viewpoint), access to stored perceptual knowledge about objects (object decision), access to semantic knowledge (function and associative matches) and access to names from object (picture naming).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23750
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498df",
"name": "block tapping test",
"definition_text": "tool used for assessment of visual short-term memory and implicit visual-spatial learning. An examiner taps a series of blocks and the subject must repeat in the correct sequential order. If the sequence is correct, the examiner adds another tap to the next sequence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23751
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498ef",
"name": "boston naming test",
"definition_text": "assesses the ability to name pictures of objects through spontaneous responses and need for various types of cueing, inferences can be drawn regarding language facility and possible localization of cerebral damage.",
"alias": "BNT",
"ID(c)": 23752
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949900",
"name": "California Verbal Learning Test-II",
"definition_text": "A comprehensive and detailed assessment of verbal learning and memory available for older adolescents and adults. In addition to recall and recognition scores, it measures encoding strategies, learning rates, error types, and other process data.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23753
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949912",
"name": "Cambridge Face Memory Test",
"definition_text": "a test with high reliability and validity that assesses the ability to learn and then recognize six new faces.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23754
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949923",
"name": "category fluency test",
"definition_text": "a psychological test in which participants have to say as many words as possible from a category in a given time (usually 60 seconds), this category can be semantic, such as animals or fruits, or phonemic, such as words that begin with letter p.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23755
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949934",
"name": "choice reaction time task",
"definition_text": "Choice reaction time tasks require distinct responses for each possible class of stimulus. For example, the subject might be asked to press one button if a red light appears and a different button if a yellow light appears.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23756
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499a8",
"name": "Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-3",
"definition_text": "3rd edition of an assessment used to evaluate the nature and extent of language difficulties in school children and adolescents.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23757
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499b8",
"name": "color-discrimination task",
"definition_text": "is a behavioral task where a subject is to make specific responses when presented with particular colors. The responses to the various colors are then evaluated to see if the subject was able to discern between different colors. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23758
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499c7",
"name": "continuous recognition paradigm",
"definition_text": "In the continuous recognition paradigm, study and test phases are not separate entities, but rather, items are continuously presented and the participant is instructed to respond to an item as "old" if it has been seen before (generally presented a second time) in this continual stream of item presentation. Items that were correctly called "old" are the subsequently remembered trials, and items that were "missed" (not called old upon second presentation) make up the subsequently forgotten trials. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23759
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499d5",
"name": "cups task",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants choose between a risky and safe option. Each trial involves either gains or losses. The options are presented as a choice of cups. The risky option involves two to five cups, one containing a gain (loss) of $2, $3 or $5, and the others containing $0. If the latter option is selected, the payoff from one cup is selected at random. The safe cup offers a sure gain (loss) $1.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23760
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499e3",
"name": "delayed match to sample task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view an item(s). After a brief delay a probe item is presented and subjects are asked to recall if the probe item was presented before the delay (during encoding). Stimuli can be words, pictures, or abstract patterns. ",
"alias": "dms task, delayed matching to sample task",
"ID(c)": 23761
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499f1",
"name": "delayed nonmatch to sample task",
"definition_text": "A task in which an target is presented and then removed from view. This target must be maintained in working memory for a delay, after which it is presented with non-target(s). The participant's task is to identify the non-target.",
"alias": "DNMS task, delayed nonmatching to sample task",
"ID(c)": 23762
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499ff",
"name": "delayed recall test",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are given information to remember (list of words or paragraph) and which they are asked to reproduce after some span of time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23763
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a0d",
"name": "digit span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are presented with sequentially presented digits and are then asked to recall the items. The number of digits that can be correctly recalled provides an estimate of working memory capacity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23764
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a25",
"name": "digit/symbol coding test",
"definition_text": "a neuropsychological test sensitive to brain damage, dementia, age and depression; consists of (e.g. nine) digit-symbol pairs (e.g. 1/-,2/â´ ... 7/Î,8/X,9/=) followed by a list of digits. Under each digit the subject should write down the corresponding symbol as fast as possible. The number of correct symbols within the allowed time (e.g. 90 or 120 sec) is measured.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23765
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a33",
"name": "doors and people test",
"definition_text": "Doors and People is a test of long-term memory. It yields a single age-scaled overall score which can be âunpackedâ to give separate measures of visual and verbal memory, recall and recognition, and forgetting.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23766
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a41",
"name": "Edinburgh Handedness Inventory",
"definition_text": "a measurement scale used to assess the dominance of a person's right or left hand in everyday activities. It consists of a questionnaire with 10 activities listed (writing, drawing, throwing, using scissors, using a toothbrush, using a knife without a fork, using a spoon, the upper hand when using a broom, striking a match, and opening the lid of a box). Participants must indicate which hand they would use, and the strength of this preference (strong, less strong, indifferent).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23767
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a4f",
"name": "Eriksen flanker task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants view stimuli (typically arrows) presented one at a time and to which they must make a simple lexical response. These stimuli are surrounded by either distracting or facilitating items. Distracting items are typically associated with an opposite response ("incongruent" = pointing in opposite direction to target stimulus), whereas facilitating items are typically associated with the same response as the target stimulus ("congruent" = pointing in the same direction as the target stimulus).",
"alias": "flanker task, NIH Toolbox Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test",
"ID(c)": 23768
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a5d",
"name": "extradimensional shift task",
"definition_text": "A task in which multiple (typically two) stimuli are presented simultaneously and the subject must select the stimulus that matches the currently relevant rule. The relevant rule alternates or "shifts" among multiple (typically two) rules. The rule represents the relevant task "dimension". The stimulus-response mappings are unique and constant within each possible rule dimension.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23769
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a6a",
"name": "face n-back task",
"definition_text": "Task in which face stimuli are presented one at a time in a continuous stream, and the objective is to detect when the current face matches the face presented n previously (1,2, or 3 faces before).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23770
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a78",
"name": "Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence",
"definition_text": "a standard instrument for assessing the intensity of physical addiction to nicotine.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23771
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a85",
"name": "forward digit span task",
"definition_text": "A method of short-term memory measurement in which a person listens to someone say a series of single-digit numbers and must repeat them back in the same order they were given.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23772
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a93",
"name": "go/no-go task",
"definition_text": "A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants perform a binary decision on each stimulus. One of the outcomes requires participants to make a motor response (go), whereas the other requires participants to withhold a response (no-go). Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each event. Go events typically occur with higher frequency than no-go events. ",
"alias": "go/nogo task",
"ID(c)": 23773
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949aa1",
"name": "Gray Oral Reading Test - 4",
"definition_text": "Measures growth in oral reading and aids in the diagnosis of oral reading difficulties. Five scores provide information on oral reading skills in terms of: Rate, accuracy, fluency, comprehension, overall reading ability, and comprehension. The test consists of two parallel forms, each containing 14 developmentally sequenced reading passages with five comprehension questions following each passage.",
"alias": "GORT-4",
"ID(c)": 23774
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949aae",
"name": "Hooper visual organization test",
"definition_text": "a neuropsychological test of visual spatial ability that presents participants with a line drawing of a common object that has been broken into fragments, and asks participants to name what the object would be if reassembled.",
"alias": "VOT",
"ID(c)": 23775
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949abc",
"name": "immediate recall test",
"definition_text": "involves presenting a subject with material that is to be memorized. Once the material is removed the subject is to immediately demonstrate everything that they remember from the material.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23776
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949aca",
"name": "International Affective Picture System",
"definition_text": "a database of photographs used in emotion research.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23777
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ad7",
"name": "intradimensional shift task",
"definition_text": "A task in which multiple (typically two) stimuli are presented simultaneously and the subject must select the stimulus that matches the currently relevant rule. The rule represents the relevant task "dimension". The stimulus-response mappings within this dimension alternate or "shift" among multiple (typically two) alternatives. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23778
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ae5",
"name": "Iowa Gambling Task",
"definition_text": "a widely used experiment in the areas of cognition & emotion that was originally developed to assist in detecting decision-making impairment in patients with prefrontal cortex damage; a computerized experiment that is carried out in real time and resembles real-world contingencies. The task allows participants to select cards from four decks displayed on-screen. Participants are instructed that the selection of each card will result in winning or losing money. The objective is to attempt to win as much money as possible. (from http://iowagamblingtask.com/)\r\n\r\nOn each trial, participants select a card from one of four decks; two âbadâ decks offer a higher reward on most trials but also higher possible loss and lower overall expected value, whereas two âgoodâ decks offer a lower reward on most trials but lower possible loss and higher expected value. Participants learn the nature of the decks through trial-and- error. In some versions of the task, the probabilities are not stationary.",
"alias": "Bechara's gambling task",
"ID(c)": 23779
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949af3",
"name": "Ishihara plates for color blindness",
"definition_text": "a test for red-green color deficiencies that consists of a number of colored plates, called Ishihara plates, each of which contain a circle of dots appearing randomized in color and size. Within the pattern are dots which form a number visible to those with normal color vision and invisible, or difficult to see, for those with a red-green color vision defect.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23780
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b00",
"name": "Kanizsa figures",
"definition_text": "An ambiguous figure in which the illusory contour of a square (or triangle) appears in the middle of four (or three) truncated solid squares (or circles). It is an illustration of the perceptual ability to make sense of an incomplete figure by creating a 'whole' image from the separate elements (Gestalt organization).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23781
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b0e",
"name": "letter fluency test ",
"definition_text": "is a test that requires generation of words cued with a specific letter and depends on phonemic abilities.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23782
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b1c",
"name": "letter n-back task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants view a continuous stream of letter stimuli. The object of the task is to identify letter repetitions that occur n-trials preceding to the current stimulus.",
"alias": "LNB",
"ID(c)": 23783
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b2b",
"name": "letter naming task",
"definition_text": "Participants are presented with letters and asked to give the name for each letter as it appears or as the researcher points to it.",
"alias": "character naming task",
"ID(c)": 23784
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b38",
"name": "lexical decision task",
"definition_text": "a procedure used in many psychology and psycholinguistics experiments; the basic procedure involves measuring how quickly people classify stimuli as words or nonwords. Subjects are presented, either visually or auditorily, with a mixture of words and pseudowords (nonsense strings that respect the phonotactic rules of a language, like trud in English). Their task is to indicate, usually with a button-press, whether the presented stimulus is a word or not.",
"alias": "word/nonword task",
"ID(c)": 23785
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b46",
"name": "matching pennies game ",
"definition_text": "The game is played between two players, Player A and Player B. Each player has a penny and must secretly turn the penny to heads or tails. The players then reveal their choices simultaneously. If the pennies match (both heads or both tails), Player A receives one dollar from Player B (+1 for A, -1 for B). If the pennies do not match (one heads and one tails), Player B receives one dollar from Player A (-1 for A, +1 for B). This is an example of a zero-sum game, where one player's gain is exactly equal to the other player's loss.",
"alias": "matching pennies task",
"ID(c)": 23786
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b54",
"name": "Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory",
"definition_text": "assess obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the areas of contamination fears and washing behaviors, checking, slowness, and doubting using 30 dichotomously scored (true/false) items, with each pathological response receiving a score of 1. ",
"alias": "MOC, MOCI",
"ID(c)": 23787
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bb1",
"name": "Mini Mental State Examination",
"definition_text": "The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) or Folstein test is a brief 30-point questionnaire test that is used to screen for cognitive impairment. It is commonly used in medicine to screen for dementia. It is also used to estimate the severity of cognitive impairment at a given point in time and to follow the course of cognitive changes in an individual over time, thus making it an effective way to document an individual's response to treatment.",
"alias": "MMSE, Folstein test",
"ID(c)": 23788
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bbf",
"name": "motor sequencing task",
"definition_text": "Participants perform several motoric tasks in a specific sequence/order.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23789
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bcd",
"name": "n-back task",
"definition_text": "A task in which items (e.g., letters) are presented one at a time and participants must identify each item that repeats relative to the item that occurred "n" items before its onset.",
"alias": "0-back task, 1-back task, 2-back task, 3-back task",
"ID(c)": 23790
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bdb",
"name": "nine-hole peg test",
"definition_text": "a timed test of fine motor coordination; the test involves the subject placing 9 dowels in 9 holes. Subjects are scored on the amount of time it takes to place and remove all 9 pegs.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23791
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949be9",
"name": "object-discrimination task",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown pairs or sets of objects. Experimenters then try to discern whether the participant is able to discriminate between the objects. This can be done by having subjects match identical objects to each other, having certain objects become associated with rewards and measuring accuracy, or measuring time spent observing novel objects compared to time spent observing previously seen objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23792
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bf6",
"name": "oddball task",
"definition_text": "A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants must detect the presence of an oddball stimulus. The oddball is a stimulus that occurs infrequently relative to all other stimuli, and has distinct characteristics (e.g., a different tone among auditory stimuli).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23793
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949c04",
"name": "pantomime task",
"definition_text": "is when a subject is asked to explain an emotion or how an object is used by only gesturing with their hands and not using speech. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23794
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ce9",
"name": "Parrott Scale",
"definition_text": "a scale created for self-reporting of subjective states like stress, arousal, and pleasure in nicotine studies",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23795
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949cfb",
"name": "picture naming task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown pictures of objects and asked to identify the item.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23796
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d09",
"name": "Positive and Negative Affect Scale",
"definition_text": "A psychometric scale to measure positive and negative affects in individuals, and both as states and traits. Positive affect questions assess to what extent the participant is attentive, interested, alert, excited, enthusiastic, inspired, proud, determined, strong and active. Negative affect questions assess to what extent the participant is distressed, upset, hostile, irritable, scared, afraid, ashamed, guilty, nervous, and jittery. Participants answer questions on a Likert scale where 0=very, 1=slightly or not at all, 2=a little, 3=moderately, 4=quite a bit, and 5=very much. The questionnaire asks whether participants have felt these traits "during the past few weeks" (trait) and "during the past few days" (state).",
"alias": "PANAS",
"ID(c)": 23797
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d17",
"name": "Posner cueing task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view two stimuli (boxes, letters, etc.) and are cued by an arrow to attend to one of the stimuli. Subjects then discriminate and respond (e.g., press a button when one of the boxes is filled with a diagonal cross, or press the left button for an "X" and the right button for an "O"). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23798
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d25",
"name": "pseudoword naming task",
"definition_text": "Participants are presented (usually one at a time, rather than in list form) with words and pseudowords, which are strings of letters that have no meaning in the language but are still pronounceable and asked to read aloud what they see. In pseudoword choice or decision tasks, they are asked to identify whether the items are words or not.",
"alias": "pseudoword reading task",
"ID(c)": 23799
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d32",
"name": "pyramids and palm trees task",
"definition_text": "a semantic memory test that presents one word or picture above two others. The participant is then asked to identify which of the bottom items best matches the top item. Semantic memory is necessary for the identification of the analogies, which link conceptually two perceptually, and functionally distinct entities.",
"alias": "palmtrees and pyramids task",
"ID(c)": 23800
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d40",
"name": "recognition memory test",
"definition_text": "In a recognition memory test, a participant is presented with some or all of a set of "old" stimuli that were encoded earlier, as well as several "new" stimuli that were not previously presented. The participant's task is to indicate whether each stimulus is old or new. Responses in recognition memory tests are commonly sorted into four classes: Hits ("old" response to an old stimulus), Misses ("new" response to an old stimulus), False Alarms ("old" response to a new stimulus), and Correct Rejections ("new" response to a new stimulus). By comparing the percentage of responses that fall into each of these classes, the experimenter can assess both a participant's ability to discriminate between old and new stimuli, and his or her tendency to provide a particular response regardless of the type of stimulus presented. In many recognition memory tests, each old/new judgment is followed by a prompt asking participants to indicate either how confident they are in that old/new judgment, or what type of subjective experience was elicited by the stimulus being judged (e.g., was the old/new judgment accompanied by a vivid recollection of the encoding experience). This additional information can be used to generate and test more precise hypotheses about how recognition memory decisions are made.\r\n\r\nPattern Recognition Memory (PRM) is a specific recognition memory test included in the CANTAB. The participant is presented with a series of 12 visual patterns, one at a time, in the centre of the screen. These patterns are designed so that they cannot easily be given verbal labels. In the recognition phase, the participant is required to choose between a pattern they have already seen and a novel pattern. In this phase, the test patterns are presented in the reverse order to the original order of presentation.\r\nThis is then repeated, with 12 new patterns. The second recognition phase can be given either immediately or after a 20 minute delay.",
"alias": "(PRM), old-new recognition, pattern recognition memory",
"ID(c)": 23801
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d4e",
"name": "reversal learning task",
"definition_text": ""Reversal learning involves the adaptation of behavior according to changes in stimulusâreward contingencies [...] [Reversal learning]is exemplified by visual discrimination tasks where subjects must learn to respond according to the opposite, previously irrelevant, stimulusâreward pairing." - (Clark, Cools, & Robbins 2004)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23802
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d5b",
"name": "risky gains task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a sequence of three numbers in ascending order (20, 40, and 80). Each number is displayed onscreen for one second and, if the subject presses a button while that number is displayed, he/she receives that number of points along with immediate positive visual and auditory feedback. When a 40 or 80 appears, however, there is a chance that it will appear in an alternate color, along with immediate negative feedback signaling a loss of 40 or 80 points, respectively. When this occurs, the trial ends immediately (i.e. the subject may not make a response). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23803
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d69",
"name": "Salthouse and Babcock Listening Span task ",
"definition_text": "Participants listen to an experimenter read a set of sentences. The participant must simultaneously respond to comprehension questions, and record or remember the last word of each sentence. The measure of "listening span" is then the number of correct words recalled.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23804
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d76",
"name": "selective attention task",
"definition_text": "involves a participant to attend to a specific stimuli in the presence of competing stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23805
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d84",
"name": "semantic anomaly judgement task",
"definition_text": "Participants read or listen to sentences, then judge whether the sentence is plausible and makes sense semantically, or is implausible. Sentences may be structurally and gramatically correct, but the verb and noun are incompatible. Often, the structure or length of sentences varies to assess the role of working memory in any resulting deficit. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23806
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d92",
"name": "semantic association task",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown pairs of words or pictures and asked to identify if the items are semantically related.",
"alias": "semantic association judgment task",
"ID(c)": 23807
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d9f",
"name": "sentence completion test",
"definition_text": "a test that provides respondents with beginnings of sentences, referred to as âstems,â and respondents then complete the sentences in ways that are meaningful to them. The responses are believed to provide indications of attitudes, beliefs, motivations, or other mental states. In a common version of this test, the Hayling Sentence Completion Test, a second condition is added, in which participants must complete the sentence with a word that makes no sense, requiring them to inhibit the semantically activated information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23808
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dad",
"name": "set-shifting task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants alternate between two or more judgments typically regarding the same set of stimuli. Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23809
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dbb",
"name": "Simon task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view arrows presented in the right or left visual field that were pointing to the left or right. Subjects respond via button press as to the direction of the arrow. In incongruent stimuli, left-pointing arrows are seen on the right side, and vice versa. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23810
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dc8",
"name": "simple reaction time task",
"definition_text": "Simple Reaction Time (SRT) is a test which measures simple reaction time through delivery of a known stimulus to a known location to elicit a known response. The only uncertainty is with regard to when the stimulus will occur, by having a variable interval between the trial response and the onset of the stimulus for the next trial. As soon as the participant sees the square on the screen, they must press the button on the press pad.",
"alias": "(SRT)",
"ID(c)": 23811
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dd6",
"name": "source memory test",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown a list or series of items (words, pictures, objects). Later, when shown an item, they are asked whether it has was shown to them before, and if they respond affirmatively, they are asked a question about the source of the item. The source question could be what the spatial location of the item was, what color it appeared in, or which list or set it belonged to.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23812
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949de3",
"name": "span/supra-span test",
"definition_text": "Participants are given sequences to recall that exceed their working memory span, usually by about 2 items, however the sequence contains a smaller repeating sequence(s) among the non-repeating items.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23813
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949df1",
"name": "spatial n-back task",
"definition_text": "Participants view a configuration of dots and must indicate whether the dot is in the same position as the dot in the picture presented n previously (0,1,2,or 3). In some variations, participants are asked to identify the location of the dot n pictures back, rather than indicating if the current dot matches.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23814
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dfe",
"name": "Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "instrument used to measure trait (chronic) anxiety, a general propensity to be anxious, and state (temporary) anxiety, a temporary state varying in intensity, in adults.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23815
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e0c",
"name": "Sternberg delayed recognition task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a string of letters. After a delay, a probe letter is presented and subjects indicate if the presented letter was in the previously viewed group. ",
"alias": "Sternberg task, delayed recognition task, Sternberg item recognition task",
"ID(c)": 23816
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e1a",
"name": "stop signal task",
"definition_text": "Participants usually perform a choice reaction time in which they have to respond as quickly as possible to a particular stimulus feature (e.g. colour, shape, identity, or location). On a minority of the trials, the go stimulus is followed by an additional signal (e.g. an auditory tone or a visual cue), which instructs participants to withhold their planned response. ",
"alias": "stop task",
"ID(c)": 23817
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e27",
"name": "Stroop task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view color names presented in various ink colors and are instructed to name the color of the ink. In incongruent stimuli, color names and ink colors are non-matching. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23818
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e35",
"name": "Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)",
"definition_text": "a diagnostic exam used to determine DSM-IV Axis I disorders (mental health disorders). It covers 6 diagnostic categories, and is often used in conjunction with an unstructured interview. The exam includes an administration booklet of questions for the examiner to ask and a scoresheet. Scores are not determined by "right" or "wrong" answers, but by number of questions that adhere to diagnostic criteria.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Clinical_Interview_for_DSM-IV",
"alias": "SCID",
"ID(c)": 23819
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e44",
"name": "symbol-digit substitution",
"definition_text": "DSST is a neuropsychological test sensitive to brain damage, dementia, age and depression. It isnât sensitive to the location of brain-damage (except for damage comprising part of the visual field). It consists of (e.g. nine) digit-symbol pairs (e.g. 1/-,2/â´ ... 7/Î,8/X,9/=) followed by a list of digits. Under each digit the subject should write down the corresponding symbol as fast as possible. The number of correct symbols within the allowed time (e.g. 90 or 120 sec) is measured.\r\n",
"alias": "digit symbol substitution task, DSST",
"ID(c)": 23820
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e5b",
"name": "Symptom Checklist-90-Revised ",
"definition_text": "a relatively brief self-report psychometric instrument designed to evaluate a broad range of psychological problems and symptoms of psychopathology. It is also useful in measuring the progress and outcome of psychiatric and psychological treatments or for research purposes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23821
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e7c",
"name": "syntactic acceptability judgement task",
"definition_text": "Also called the syntactic plausibility judgment task, this task asks participants to read sentences and indicate whether or not they are gramatically correct. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23822
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e8a",
"name": "task-switching ",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants alternate between two or more judgments typically regarding the same set of stimuli. Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23823
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e98",
"name": "temporal discounting task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are asked to choose between a smaller reward earlier in time versus a larger reward later in time.",
"alias": "delay discounting task, intertemporal choice task",
"ID(c)": 23824
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ea5",
"name": "Test of Word Reading Efficiency",
"definition_text": "a nationally normed measure of word reading accuracy and fluency that provides an efficient means of monitoring the growth of two kinds of word reading skills that are critical in the development of overall reading ability: the ability to accurately recognize familiar words as whole units or âsight wordsâ and the ability to âsound outâ words quickly. ",
"alias": "TOWRE",
"ID(c)": 23825
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949eb3",
"name": "Tobacco Craving Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "a multidimensional questionnaire to assess tobacco craving. It consists of a 47-item TCQ and other forms assessing demographics, tobacco and other drug use history, quit attempts, and current mood. It represents four specific constructs that characterize craving for tobacco: (a) Emotionality, or smoking in anticipation of relief from withdrawal symptoms or negative mood, (b) expectancy, or anticipation of positive outcomes from smoking, (c) compulsivity, or an inability to control tobacco use, and (d) purposefulness, or intention and planning to smoke for positive outcomes. It is an instrument for assessing tobacco craving in individuals not attempting to reduce or quit smoking.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23826
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ec0",
"name": "Trail Making Test A and B",
"definition_text": "A neuropsychological test in which participants must connect-the-dots (traverse between items) according to some specified order. In Test A these items are numbers (1,2,3 etc.) and the order is determined by increasing magnitude. In Test B these items are both numbers and letters (1,2,3, A,B,C etc.) and the order is determined by a combination of increasing numbers AND letters (e.g., 1 A 2 B 3 C..) requiring participants to alternate between letters and numbers.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23827
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ece",
"name": "Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "a rating scale used to follow the longitudinal course of Parkinson's disease, made up of the following sections: (1)evaluation of Mentation, behavior, and mood, (2)self evaluation of the activities of daily life (ADLs), (3)clinician-scored motor evaluation, (4)Hoehn and Yahr stating of severity of Parkinson disease, (5)Schwab and England ADL scale; these are evaluated by interview and clinical observation.",
"alias": "UPDRS",
"ID(c)": 23828
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949edb",
"name": "visual alignment task ",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown misaligned lines and asked to indicate which side the top line is offset. Alternatively, participants may be asked to complete an alignment with a pencil or digital pointer.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23829
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ee9",
"name": "visuospatial cueing task",
"definition_text": "participants look at a computer screen and press buttons to respond to targets. In some of the trials, a visual cue will appear before the target, but in the same spot as the target.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23830
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ef7",
"name": "Warrington's Face/Word Recognition Test",
"definition_text": "Also called the Warrington Recognition Memory Test (RMT), "the RMT consists of the presentation of 50 printed words at the rate of one word every 3 s, and for each word the subject is required to judge the presented stimulus as "pleasant" or "unpleasant" to help ensure that they are attending to the stimulus items. The patient is then presented with a series of word pairs, and the task is to identify which of the two words came from the target list. A series of 50 faces is then presented at the same rate, and the patient is asked to provide the same pleasant versus unpleasant judgments; the patient\r\nis then presented with a series of 50 pairs of faces, and the task is again to identify which of the two faces came from the target list." - (Hermann, Connell, Barr, & Wyler 1995)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23831
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f04",
"name": "Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised",
"definition_text": "a general test of intelligence, which Wechsler defined as, "... the global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment." In keeping with this definition of intelligence as an aggregate of mental aptitudes or abilities, the WAIS-R consists of 11 subtests divided into two parts, verbal and performance.",
"alias": "WAIS-R",
"ID(c)": 23832
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f12",
"name": "Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Revised",
"definition_text": "used with adults ages 16 to 90 and measures cognitive ability using a core battery of 10 unique subtests that focus on four specific domains of intelligence: verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. ",
"alias": "WAIS",
"ID(c)": 23833
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f21",
"name": "Wisconsin card sorting test",
"definition_text": "The participant is presented with stimulus cards with shapes on them. The cards differ in color of the shapes, number of the shapes, and the form of the shapes. The participant is asked to sort these cards into two piles. The participant is not told what stimulus dimension to use in order to sort the cards, but the administrator tells the participant if a particular match is correct. During the test, the sorting rules are changed and the participant must discover the new sorting rule in order to be successful. ",
"alias": "WCST",
"ID(c)": 23834
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f2f",
"name": "word attack",
"definition_text": "Participants must read non-words aloud. Raw scores are converted into a "reading comprehension age," which is then compared to the participant's real age to determine if they are a poor or gifted reader.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23835
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f3d",
"name": "word generation task",
"definition_text": "Covert: Semantic: subjects listen to or view nouns and silently generate an associated verb, or subjects view a category and silently generate as many exemplars as possible; Orthographic: subjects listen to or view a letter and silently generate as many words as possible that start with that letter; Phonologic: subjects listen to or view a word and silently generate words that rhyme. \r\n\r\nOvert: semantic: subjects listen to or view nouns and overtly generate an associated verb, or subjects view a category and overtly generate as many exemplars as possible; Orthographic: subjects listen to or view a letter and overtly generate as many words as possible that start with that letter; Phonologic: subjects listen to or view a word and overtly generate words that rhyme.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23836
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f4a",
"name": "word identification",
"definition_text": "is the process of determining the pronunciation and some degree of meaning of an unknown word. Note: Word- identification skills commonly taught are phonic analysis, structural analysis, context clues, configuration clues, dictionary skills, and sometimes picture clues.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23837
},
{
"id": "trm_4d54b2cc0f943",
"name": "Cambridge Gambling Task",
"definition_text": "Participants see ten boxes at the top of a screen, each of which is red or blue in some ratio. Under one of these boxes is a token, and participants must guess whether the token is under red or blue. On a gambling trial, participants can select some proportion of their allotted points to bet on their judgement.",
"alias": "CGT",
"ID(c)": 23838
},
{
"id": "trm_4d54b61a14a14",
"name": "Probabilistic gambling task",
"definition_text": "Two cards are drawn without replacement from a deck containing cards numbered from one to ten (one of each). After the first card is presented, participants bet whether the next card will be higher or lower than the first card. Thus there is maximal risk when the first card is five or six, zero risk when it is ten or one. \r\n\r\nIn later version of the task participants bet on whether the second card will be higher or lower before seeing the first card.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23839
},
{
"id": "trm_4d54b8361e93e",
"name": "behavioral investment allocation strategy",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants choose between two stocks (gain/loss gambles, one stochastically dominating the other) and one bond (a sure gain of $1). They must learn through trial-and-error the characteristics of the stocks, which change over blocks of trials. Feedback on payoffs of the forgone options is presented on each trial. ",
"alias": "BIAS",
"ID(c)": 23840
},
{
"id": "trm_4d55997cd3edb",
"name": "non-choice task",
"definition_text": "Each of 12 stimuli (circles of different colors, numbers and sizes) is associated with a different reward magnitude and probability. These include all combinations of (100 and 200) point rewards with (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1) probabilities, plus 300 and 400 rewards with 0.5 probability. Participants are first trained to learn the probabilities and outcomes associated with each stimulus. Next, on each trial, a stimulus appears in one of four quadrants of the screen, and participants indicate which quadrant using a button press.",
"alias": "non-choice task to study expected value and uncertainty",
"ID(c)": 23841
},
{
"id": "trm_4d559bcd67c18",
"name": "balloon analogue risk task",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants pump a simulated balloon without knowing when it will explode. Each pump increases the potential reward to be gained but also the probability of explosion, which wipes out all potential gains for that trial. In most studies, balloon explosion probabilities are drawn from a uniform distribution, and participants must learn explosion probabilities through trial-and-error.",
"alias": "BART",
"ID(c)": 23842
},
{
"id": "trm_4d559d2703bae",
"name": "devil's task",
"definition_text": "This task is a forerunner to the BART: on each trial, participants decide howmany of seven treasure chests to open. They are informed that six boxes contain a prize and one box contains a âdevilâ that will cause themto lose all their potential gains on that trial. Similar to the BART, participants make sequential choices and, after opening each chest, decide whether to continue to the next chest or cash in their earnings to that point.",
"alias": "Slovic's risk task",
"ID(c)": 23843
},
{
"id": "trm_4d55a2bbcfdff",
"name": "choice task between risky and non-risky options",
"definition_text": "a choice made between two or more options when one of those options has some probability >0 of producing either a reinforcing or an aversive consequence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23844
},
{
"id": "trm_4d8a48e403c78",
"name": "inductive reasoning aptitude",
"definition_text": "how well a person can identify a pattern in data\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23845
},
{
"id": "trm_4d949c5b0e380",
"name": "rhyme verification task",
"definition_text": "Stimuli are presented in pairs (either words or pseudowords) and the subject is asked to judge whether the pair of stimuli rhyme with one another.",
"alias": "rhyming judgment task, rhyming task, rhyme task, rhyme judgment task, rhyme decision task, rhyming decision task",
"ID(c)": 23846
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6304c9aa23",
"name": "attention networks test",
"definition_text": "a combination of the Posner cueing paradigm and the Eriksen flanker test, the ANT presents participants with a target item (>) surrounded by congruent (> > > > >), neutral (- - > - -), or incongruent flanker stimuli. Stimulus presentation is preceded by different cue conditions and the participant is instructed to identify the target stimulus.",
"alias": "ANT, Attentional Network Task",
"ID(c)": 23847
},
{
"id": "trm_4da63146f12d7",
"name": "remember/know task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23848
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6318f7381b",
"name": "probabilistic reversal learning task",
"definition_text": "participants learn to respond according to the opposite, previously irrelevant, stimulus-reward pairing, often in a visual discrimination task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23849
},
{
"id": "trm_4da631be60291",
"name": "counting Stroop task",
"definition_text": "participants count the number of words in a display of words describing numbers (e.g. "three")",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23850
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6327154fd4",
"name": "scene recognition task",
"definition_text": "subjects are shown a scene and must later decide whether views from different vantage points are of the same scene",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23851
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6331cdeeb5",
"name": "California Verbal Learning Test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23852
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6338803ed2",
"name": "Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Revised",
"definition_text": "The WISC-IV comprises Picture Concepts, Letter-Number Sequencing, Matrix Reasoning and two supplemental tests: Cancellation and Word Reasoning.",
"alias": "WISC, WISC-IV",
"ID(c)": 23853
},
{
"id": "trm_4da633dbb5817",
"name": "word fluency test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23854
},
{
"id": "trm_4da633fe917c4",
"name": "Color Trails Test",
"definition_text": "Designed to be a culturally fair analog of the trail making test (TMT), the CTT presents numbered colored circles and universal sign language symbols. The participant is required to alternate between the number and color sequences in completing the task.",
"alias": "CTT",
"ID(c)": 23855
},
{
"id": "trm_4da634216ebbc",
"name": "dual-task paradigm",
"definition_text": "participant performs two tasks simultaneously",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23856
},
{
"id": "trm_4da869646e5d1",
"name": "item recognition task",
"definition_text": "participants view a series of items (e.g. pictures or words) and after some interval are shown a series including these, during which they specify what items they recognize",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23857
},
{
"id": "trm_4da869e68b5c4",
"name": "memory span test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23858
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86ad02b3ea",
"name": "complex span test",
"definition_text": "a test in which participants must not only memorize items, but must perform an additional cognitive task (e.g. "2 + 2 = 5; A" in which the equation must be evaluated for whether it is true and the letter following must be memorized)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23859
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86b539924c",
"name": "spatial span test",
"definition_text": "part of the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale and Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, it is an analog to a digit span task. White squares are shown, some of which briefly change colour in a variable sequence. The participant must then touch the boxes which changed colour in the same order that they were displayed by the computer (for clinical mode) or in the reverse order (for reverse mode). The number of boxes increases from 2 at the start of the test to 9 at the end, and the sequence and colour are varied through the test.",
"alias": "(SSP)",
"ID(c)": 23860
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86c2a70a7d",
"name": "dot pattern expectancy task",
"definition_text": "descendant of the expectancy AX task, participant views a combination of simple dot formations as cues and probes; for example, ".:." may be a target probe, but should only be responded to if preceded by the cue ":" rather than ".." or any other formation.",
"alias": "DPX",
"ID(c)": 23861
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86c6808ddd",
"name": "Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test",
"definition_text": "a test of intelligence which Raymond Cattell subdivided into "fluid," or inherited, and "crystallized," or learned, designed to minimize the influence of cultural experiences",
"alias": "CCFIT, CFIT",
"ID(c)": 23862
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86c8bb3b04",
"name": "letter comparison task",
"definition_text": "participant views two rows of consonants and must indicate as quickly as possible whether these rows are identical",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23863
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86cb034ff6",
"name": "pattern comparison task",
"definition_text": "This test measures speed of processing by asking participants to discern whether two sideby-side pictures are the same or not. The items are presented one pair at a time on the computer screen, and the participant is given 90 seconds to respond to as many items as possible (up to a maximum of 130). The items are designed to be simple so as to most purely measure processing speed.",
"alias": "NIH Toolbox Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test",
"ID(c)": 23864
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86cdbd9eeb",
"name": "test of variables of attention",
"definition_text": "a target detection task subtype, the T.O.V.A. uses geometric shapes as both target and distractor stimuli",
"alias": "T.O.V.A.",
"ID(c)": 23865
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86cfe8cf1b",
"name": "sustained attention to response task",
"definition_text": "participants are to respond to frequent neutral signals and are required to withhold response to rare critical signals",
"alias": "SART",
"ID(c)": 23866
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87b8bf1511",
"name": "matching familiar figures test",
"definition_text": "participants are shown an image of a familiar object and several comparison images of that object, one of which is identical and the others of which are slightly different; the participant is to select the identical image",
"alias": "MFFT",
"ID(c)": 23867
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87e439c411",
"name": "Tower of London",
"definition_text": "participant must rearrange a set of three colored balls arranged on pegs, in the fewest possible moves, to match a specified configuration",
"alias": "ToL",
"ID(c)": 23868
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87e7282f92",
"name": "Tower of Hanoi",
"definition_text": "participants see discs of various sizes distributed among three pegs and must organize them in a stack of decreasing size upward with specific constraints (i.e. only one disk can be moved at a time, each disk must be placed on one of the pegs, and a larger disk can never be placed on top\r\nof a smaller disk)",
"alias": "ToH",
"ID(c)": 23869
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87e9c79847",
"name": "dichotic listening task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to attend to one or both channels of different, sometimes disparate, stimuli played simultaneously through a headset",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23870
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87f383435b",
"name": "directed forgetting task",
"definition_text": "subjects are instructed halfway through an incidental or intentional learning task that they should forget what had been presented so far because it was just practice, but after learning is complete are asked to recall the entirety of the learning task (e.g. a list of words)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23871
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87f81bc2c8",
"name": "retrieval-induced forgetting task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23872
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87fb28978e",
"name": "Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test",
"definition_text": "Participant is presented with a series of single digit numbers and are instructed to sum the two most recent digits.",
"alias": "PASAT",
"ID(c)": 23873
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87fdd7820e",
"name": "Porteus maze test",
"definition_text": "participants must trace a path untimed through mazes of increasing complexity without backtracking or lifting their pencil",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23874
},
{
"id": "trm_4da880396c76b",
"name": "Rey-Ostereith Complex Figure Test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23875
},
{
"id": "trm_4da880ff8fd4a",
"name": "Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery ",
"definition_text": "is a computer-based cognitive assessment system consisting of a battery of neuropsychological tests, administered to subjects using a touch screen computer. The 22 tests in CANTAB examine various areas of cognitive function, including:\r\n\r\n * general memory and learning,\r\n * working memory and executive function,\r\n * visual memory,\r\n * attention and reaction time (RT),\r\n * semantic/verbal memory,\r\n * decision making and response control.\r\n\r\nThe CANTAB endeavours to import the accuracy and rigour of computerised psychological testing whilst retaining the wide range of ability measures demanded of a neuropsychological battery. It is suitable for young and old subjects, and aims to be culture and language independent through the use of non-verbal stimuli in the majority of the tests.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23876
},
{
"id": "trm_4da881dace79c",
"name": "Corsi Blocks",
"definition_text": "was developed in the early 1970s as a visuospatial counterpart to the verbal-memory span task (Milner, 1971). Over the years, it has frequently been used to assess visuospatial short-term memory performance in adults (e.g. Smyth & Scholey, 1992), children (e.g. Orsini, Schiappa, & Grossi, 1981), and patients with neuropsychological deficits (e.g. Vilkki & Holst, 1989). \r\n\r\nThe original Corsi apparatus consisted of a set of nine identical blocks (3 X 3 X 3 cm) irregularly positioned on a wooden board (23 X 28 cm). The experimenter points to a series of blocks at a rate of one block per second. Subsequently, the participant is required to point to the same blocks in their order of presentation. The length of the block sequences increases until recall is no longer correct. \r\n\r\nNumerous variations have since been employed in both display characteristics (e.g. colour, number and size of the blocks, block placement, size of the board) and test administration (e.g. presentation rate, block sequences, recall order, scoring technique) (for a review, see Berch, Krikorian, & Huha, 1998).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23877
},
{
"id": "trm_4da886fc2bc46",
"name": "Visual Patterns Test",
"definition_text": "is a measure of short term visual memory that has been designed for use both as a clinical tool and a research instrument. In the VPT, the subject is presented with matrix patterns of black and white squares in grids of varying size and required to memorize a series of black and white checkerboard-like patterns of increasing complexity. Such matrix patterns are virtually impossible to code verbally.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23878
},
{
"id": "trm_4da8885b33375",
"name": "Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test",
"definition_text": "comprises a number of subtests focused on providing objective measures of everyday memory performance in people with observed and/or reported memory difficulties.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23879
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88a2a63d97",
"name": "paired associate learning",
"definition_text": "was invented by Mary Whiton Calkins in 1894 and involves the pairing of two items (usually words)âa stimulus and a response. For example, words such as calendar (stimulus) and shoe (response) may be paired, and when the learner is prompted with the stimulus, he responds with the appropriate word (shoe).",
"alias": "associative learning task, (PAL)",
"ID(c)": 23880
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88a8e13f26",
"name": "vigilance",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "sustained attention task",
"ID(c)": 23881
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88ae0f2952",
"name": "Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task",
"definition_text": "The Rey is a word-list learning task in which 15 unrelated words are presented orally (usually via audio recording) over three consecutive learning trials. After each presentation, the participant is asked to recall as many of the words as he/she can. The Rey is one of the most widely studied measures of memory and has been used in different languages, cultures and ethnic groups around the world. The test can be administered as a supplement to the PSMT for even more detailed study of episodic memory, or as an accommodation in place of PSMT for those with significant visual impairment.",
"alias": "NIH Toolbox Auditory Verbal Learning Test",
"ID(c)": 23882
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b17b985b",
"name": "nonword repetition task",
"definition_text": "participant is instructed to repeat after each nonword (i.e. phoneme or series of phonemes) spoken in a recording",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23883
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b3b0cbcc",
"name": "response mapping task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23884
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b63787d6",
"name": "pursuit rotor task",
"definition_text": "The pursuit rotor task is a task used in common use in the mid 20th century which involved a participant trying to follow (pursue) a small disc on a rotating turntable. Original mechanical versions had typical rotation rates of 60 RPM, which is probably too fast for mouse-controlled versions. The PEBL version offers a simple version with multiple trials and controllable parameters that can be used as a test of hand-eye coordination. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23885
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b8b60ffb",
"name": "alternating runs paradigm",
"definition_text": "A type of task-switching paradigm in which two different tasks are presented in alternating runs or blocks",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23886
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88bb3c2462",
"name": "object alternation task",
"definition_text": "the participant is to locate a target under one of two objects, and the object it is located under changes each time the target is found",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23887
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88bd4412da",
"name": "animal naming task",
"definition_text": "animals are presented, usually pictorially, and participants are asked to name them aloud",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23888
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88bff0507c",
"name": "CatBat task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to fill in missing letters in a written short story; the first half describes contexts for which "c" would most appropriately complete "_at," while the second half describes contexts for which "b" would most appropriately complete "_at." ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23889
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88c205b16b",
"name": "haptic illusion task",
"definition_text": "cognitive and physiological measures are taken while participant experiences a tactile illusion",
"alias": "tactile illusion",
"ID(c)": 23890
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88c5302e06",
"name": "Brixton spatial anticipation test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23891
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88c904862b",
"name": "Hayling sentence completion test",
"definition_text": "Participants are given the beginnings of sentences to complete. The sentences appear to have expected answers. In the first condition, participants must complete the sentence with a/the word that makes sense. In the second condition, participants are asked to complete sentences by saying semantically unrelated words, thereby making the sentence nonsensical.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23892
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88cb222308",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Picture Sequence Memory Test",
"definition_text": "The Picture Sequence Memory Test involves recalling increasingly lengthy series of illustrated objects and activities that are presented in a particular order on the computer screen, with corresponding audiorecorded phrases played. The participants are asked to recall the sequence of pictures demonstrated over two learning trials; sequence length varies from 6-18 pictures, depending on age. Participants are given credit for each adjacent pair of pictures they correctly place (i.e., if pictures in locations 7 and 8 are placed in that order and adjacent to each other anywhere, such as slots 1 and 2, one point is awarded), up to the maximum value for the sequence, which is one less than the sequence length. (That is, if 18 pictures are in the sequence, the maximum score is 17 â the number of adjacent pairs of pictures \r\nthat exist). ",
"alias": "PSMT, picture set test",
"ID(c)": 23893
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88ec6735ad",
"name": "Uznadze haptic illusion task",
"definition_text": "Two spheres of different sizes are repeatedly placed in participants' hands, and they are asked to compare the sizes; upon the final presentation these are replaced with identically sized spheres.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23894
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890594742a",
"name": "emotional regulation task",
"definition_text": "participant completes task that induces emotional conflict while behavioral and/or physiological data is collected",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23895
},
{
"id": "trm_4da89077f19ae",
"name": "digit cancellation task",
"definition_text": "a descendant of the Lifshitz distractibility test, participants are instructed to cross out particular digits in an array, either with or without an auditory distractor of numbers read aloud",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23896
},
{
"id": "trm_4da89089ce0af",
"name": "zoo map test",
"definition_text": " a planning subtask derived from the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome test battery in which participants must plan in advance a route for visiting particular sites in a zoo",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23897
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890a9bd7a3",
"name": "Morris water maze",
"definition_text": "an open-field water-maze procedure in which rats learn to escape from opaque water onto a hidden platform, used to examine how rodents navigate in the absence of spatial cues",
"alias": "MWM, Morris water task, Morris water navigation",
"ID(c)": 23898
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890cf99b9e",
"name": "Stockings of Cambridge Task",
"definition_text": ""The participant is shown two displays containing three coloured balls. The displays are presented in such a way that they can easily be perceived as stacks of coloured balls held in stockings or socks suspended from a beam. The participant must use the balls in the lower display to copy the pattern shown in the upper display. The balls may be moved one at a time by touching the required ball, then touching the position to which it should be moved."",
"alias": "(SOC)",
"ID(c)": 23899
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890f978492",
"name": "Glasgow Coma Scale",
"definition_text": "is a neurological scale that aims to give a reliable, objective way of recording the conscious state of a person for initial as well as subsequent assessment. A patient is assessed against the criteria of the scale, and the resulting points give a patient score between 3 (indicating deep unconsciousness) and either 14 (original scale) or 15 (the more widely used modified or revised scale).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23900
},
{
"id": "trm_4da8911e715e3",
"name": "Early Social and Communication Scales",
"definition_text": "a 15â20 min videotaped, structured social observational measure designed to assess children's use of eye contact and gestures to regulate and respond to social interactions",
"alias": "ESCS",
"ID(c)": 23901
},
{
"id": "trm_4da8914987ee2",
"name": "Reynell Developmental Language Scales",
"definition_text": "The Reynell Developmental Language Scales measures language skills in young or developmentally delayed children. The scales include 1) verbal comprehension scale to assess receptive language skills, and 2) expressive language scale to assess expressive language skills.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23902
},
{
"id": "trm_4da891794859f",
"name": "MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories",
"definition_text": "a parent-report measure of language development in children between 8 and 30 months of age. The infant (8-16 months) form comprises vocabulary checklists, actions, and gestures, while the toddler (16-30 months) form comprises vocabulary, sentences, and grammar.",
"alias": "CDIs",
"ID(c)": 23903
},
{
"id": "trm_4da891a546d8c",
"name": "autism diagnostic observation schedule",
"definition_text": "Series of structured and semi-structured tasks that involve social interaction between the examiner and the subject. Subject is given opportunities to exhibit social and communication behaviors relevant to autism.",
"alias": "ADOS",
"ID(c)": 23904
},
{
"id": "trm_4da891d43240c",
"name": "modified Erickson Scale of Communication Attitudes",
"definition_text": "a questionnaire designed to understand how the participant feels about communication, often used in speech therapy",
"alias": "S24",
"ID(c)": 23905
},
{
"id": "trm_4dadbdd0b2b8c",
"name": "delayed response task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23906
},
{
"id": "trm_4dadbe225bdf1",
"name": "spatial delayed response task",
"definition_text": "subjects focus on a fixation cross while a dot-shaped cue appears elsewhere on the screen; after this the fixation cross is replaced by several geometric shapes, one of which the participant must respond to, and when the fixation cross appears again the participant must indicate where the cue had appeared.",
"alias": "SDR, oculo-motor delayed response, OMDR",
"ID(c)": 23907
},
{
"id": "trm_4dadbfd771a54",
"name": "picture-word Stroop test",
"definition_text": "participants view line drawings of commons objects paired with either congruent or incongruent names thereof (e.g. a drawing of an umbrella with the word "BALLOON" or "UMBRELLA" above it)",
"alias": "PWST",
"ID(c)": 23908
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d031bc8c2",
"name": "synchrony judgment task",
"definition_text": "Participants decide whether the unimodal cues to a crossmodal event (stimulus) were in temporal synchrony or not, i.e., whether they were "in synch" or "out of synch".",
"alias": "simultaneity judgment task, SJ",
"ID(c)": 23909
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b6fd33c5",
"name": "position of gap match task",
"definition_text": "participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side have a gap in the same position",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23910
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b16e7aff",
"name": "length match task",
"definition_text": "part of the BIrmingham Object Recognition Battery; participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are the same length",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23911
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d69b7f422",
"name": "temporal order judgment task",
"definition_text": "Participants decide which of two (or more) unimodal cues (e.g. audio or video) was presented first (or sometimes second) in a crossmodal stimulus. Alternatively, unimodal (auditory, visual or tactile) temporal order judgments generally involve deciding which of two spatial locations was presented first.",
"alias": "TOJ",
"ID(c)": 23912
},
{
"id": "trm_4fba857ad04ac",
"name": "immediate memory task",
"definition_text": "a number between 2 and 7 digits is displayed for a brief period and is followed briefly by a blank screen, then another number to which participants respond only if it is identical to the first.",
"alias": "IMT",
"ID(c)": 23913
},
{
"id": "trm_4e550887d92de",
"name": "heat stimulation",
"definition_text": "A heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23914
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5662373bc89",
"name": "heat sensitization/adaptation",
"definition_text": "A long (~ 30 seconds or more) heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation continuously on a visual analogue scale",
"alias": "heat sensibilization / habituation, tonic stimulation model with continuous visual analogue scale",
"ID(c)": 23915
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5bb14d814a8",
"name": "rubber hand illusion",
"definition_text": "One hand is occluded from sight and an artificial hand is lying in front of the participant. Synchronious paint brush strokes are applied to the same fingers of the occluded hand and the artificial hand. The participant rates the sense of ownership of the artificial hand on the Ownership Illusion Questionnaire or reports the felt position of his or her own hand against a ruler (proprioceptive drift).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23916
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5d07565b68e",
"name": "mechanical stimulation",
"definition_text": "A mechanical stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale.",
"alias": "Pin tip stimulation",
"ID(c)": 23917
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5e7ac84c2e5",
"name": "dual sensitization",
"definition_text": "Heat stimuli below, at, and above pain threshold (PT; stimulation interval: 30 â 40 seconds) are applied to the skin and the participant gives continuous pain ratings on a visual analogue scale. ",
"alias": "tonic heat stimulation model",
"ID(c)": 23918
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5fcd75efb58",
"name": "thermal grill illusion",
"definition_text": "Innocuous warm and cool bars that are spatially interlaced are applied together to the skin and produce a painful burning sensation. The participant rates the experienced sensation.",
"alias": "Thunberg Illusion",
"ID(c)": 23919
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6112759926e",
"name": "tonic pain stimulation",
"definition_text": "A long pain stimulus (usually more than 20 seconds) is applied to the skin and the participant gives continuous ratings on a visual analogue scale. Pain can be induced with thermal (hot/cold), electrical, chemical or mechanical stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23920
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6114e7b1ff2",
"name": "phasic pain stimulation",
"definition_text": "A short pain stimulus (usually up to 3 seconds) is applied to the skin and the participant rates the stimulus on a visual analogue scale. Pain can be induced with thermal (hot/cold), electrical or mechanical stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23921
},
{
"id": "trm_4e664d3718e1b",
"name": "cold stimulation ",
"definition_text": "A noxious cold stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23922
},
{
"id": "trm_4e68e08950157",
"name": "electric stimulation",
"definition_text": "An electric stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the perceived pain on a visual analogue scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23923
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6a2f61b17b0",
"name": "capsaicin-evoked pain",
"definition_text": "Capsaicin, the active ingredient of chili peppers, is injected intradermally into the skin and participants rate the experienced sensation on a rating scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23924
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6a44ee854f8",
"name": "cold pressor test",
"definition_text": "The hand or foot is immersed into a bowl of iced water and participants report their sensation from first clear pain to unbearable pain on a scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23925
},
{
"id": "trm_4e8a0dd29ec7b",
"name": "sequential shape matching",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown an object for a fixed period. After an interstimulus interval, typically with no intervening object presentations, a second object is presented. The second object is either the same or a different object. Typically, at least one other factor is manipulated. For example, the object may be presented from different viewpoints at each presentation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23926
},
{
"id": "trm_4e8dd3831f0cc",
"name": "deterministic classification",
"definition_text": "Is a feedback-driven learning task in which participants classify stimuli into different categories. A common version of this task is the "weather prediction task."\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23927
},
{
"id": "trm_4e8dd3dfd9fff",
"name": "mixed event-related probe",
"definition_text": "When an experimental run consists of blocks of two or more related behavioral tasks. For example, a mixed event-related probe in a classification learning experiment can consist of alternating blocks of probabilistic classification trials and deterministic classification trials.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23928
},
{
"id": "trm_4eb1f3a8ec119",
"name": "intermodal preferential looking paradigm",
"definition_text": "Infants are trained to associate an image with a linguistic (often a nonsense word) cue and, during testing, hear this auditory cue and see its paired image next to a novel image. If the infant demonstrates a significant preference for the cue-paired word, this is considered evidence for the capacity for word learning.",
"alias": "IPL, IPLP",
"ID(c)": 23929
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc6a6b75ebf",
"name": "tone counting",
"definition_text": "A task in which a participant needs to count and remember the number of specific tones presented in an experimental run.",
"alias": "tone-counting",
"ID(c)": 23930
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc728326a13",
"name": "single-task weather prediction ",
"definition_text": "is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on if the response was correct or incorrect. This may or may not be presented with other stimuli (ex-tones of different frequencies), but the goal of the task is to only pay attention the the classification task at hand. \r\n",
"alias": "single task weather prediction ",
"ID(c)": 23931
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc98cc77e7b",
"name": "dual-task weather prediction",
"definition_text": "A task in which a subject must attend and respond to two different tasks contained in one experimental run; one task is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on whether the response was correct or incorrect. The other task requires the subject to listen to different tones and count the number of a specific tone.",
"alias": "dual task weather prediction",
"ID(c)": 23932
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc9d2e397f2",
"name": "classification probe without feedback",
"definition_text": "is preformed after receiving training in the classification learning task. It is similar to the classification learning task but in this task the subject does not receive feedback.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23933
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd44cd88360",
"name": "abstract/concrete judgment: bilingual",
"definition_text": "Task in which subjects are presented with words that are either abstract or concrete nouns, and decide for each term whether it is abstract or concrete.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23934
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd477ab5a11",
"name": "object n-back",
"definition_text": "An n-back task in which the stimuli are images of visual objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23935
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd47b8bab6b",
"name": "object one-back task",
"definition_text": "A one-back task in which the stimuli are images of visual objects",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23936
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd482eba5b1",
"name": "word one-back task",
"definition_text": "A one-back task on which subjects are presented with words or word-like stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23937
},
{
"id": "trm_4f23fc8c42d28",
"name": "monetary incentive delay task",
"definition_text": "task in which subject makes a response within a time window and is potentially rewarded for the response depending on their reaction time",
"alias": "MID, monetary incentive delay (mid) task",
"ID(c)": 23938
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240cb09f8e5",
"name": "semantic decision task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a subject makes a decision about the meaning of a stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23939
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240d346320c",
"name": "covert naming task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects name a stimulus silently",
"alias": "covert production task",
"ID(c)": 23940
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240d7664628",
"name": "semantic relatedness task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects judge whether a set of stimuli are related by meaning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23941
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240e7f989f8",
"name": "auditory temporal discrimination task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject discriminates auditory stimuli based on temporal characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23942
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240edf92865",
"name": "mental imagery task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects create mental images",
"alias": "imagery task",
"ID(c)": 23943
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240f1c740da",
"name": "verbal fluency task",
"definition_text": "A test of the ability to verbally produce words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23944
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240fbdf1601",
"name": "word comprehension task",
"definition_text": "A task that measures the comprehension of word meaning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23945
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241001dfcee",
"name": "letter case judgment task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject decides whether letters are uppercase or lowercase.",
"alias": "case judgment task",
"ID(c)": 23946
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24108555294",
"name": "visually guided saccade task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects make visually guided eye movements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23947
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24112057e90",
"name": "categorization task",
"definition_text": "Task in which a subject classifies stimuli into one of a set of categories",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23948
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241173868a3",
"name": "navigation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject navigates a spatial layout.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23949
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2411c91ae5e",
"name": "recall test",
"definition_text": "A test in which the subject is asked to produce a list of previously studied items.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23950
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24126c22011",
"name": "abstract/concrete task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects decide whether words are abstract or concrete.",
"alias": "abstract/concrete judgment",
"ID(c)": 23951
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2412d4c3b88",
"name": "semantic classification task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject classifies stimuli based on meaning; the detection and classification of semantic relationships between worlds",
"alias": "semantic categorization task",
"ID(c)": 23952
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241325579c6",
"name": "problem solving task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects must solve a conceptual problem.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23953
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24135453d65",
"name": "spelling task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are asked to spell words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23954
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2414059baa8",
"name": "instrumental learning task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a subject learns to respond through rewards.",
"alias": "instrumental conditioning task, operant task",
"ID(c)": 23955
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2414a1bab77",
"name": "phonetic discrimination task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject discriminates stimuli based on phonetic features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23956
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24154867d84",
"name": "logical reasoning task",
"definition_text": "Over 32 trials participants see a phrase (e.g. "A precedes B") and a letter sequence (e.g. "AB") and must evaluate the relationship as true or false.",
"alias": "Baddeley's logical reasoning task, Baddeley's grammatical transformation task",
"ID(c)": 23957
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241614d4a25",
"name": "attention switching task",
"definition_text": "A paradigm requiring subjects to switch between performing multiple different individual tasks. AST is a test of the participantâs ability to switch attention between the direction or location of an arrow on screen. This test is a sensitive measure of frontal lobe and âexecutiveâ dysfunction. The test begins with an arrow in the centre of the screen which points either to the left or to the right. The participant is introduced to two buttons, one on the left and one on the right, and is asked to press a button corresponding to the direction in which the arrow is pointing.\r\n\r\nAfter this initial training, the participant is then told that the arrow might appear on the left or the right side of the screen, and depending on the cue given at the top of the screen, the participant must either press the left or right button to indicate on which side of the screen the arrow is displayed, or else press the left or right button to correspond with the direction in which the arrow is pointing.",
"alias": "(AST), switching task",
"ID(c)": 23958
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24179122380",
"name": "mental arithmetic task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject performs arithmetic computations without an external means of recording their work.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23959
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2417d4a63ae",
"name": "random number generation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject generates a series of random numbers.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23960
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24183fe80c6",
"name": "verb generation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with nouns and generate an associated verb.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23961
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24189031a4a",
"name": "cyberball task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects view a set of balls interacting in game. At some point one of the balls is excluded from the game, simulating social exclusion.",
"alias": "cyberball social exclusion task",
"ID(c)": 23962
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24194bce29f",
"name": "conjunction search task",
"definition_text": "A task that requires the subject to search for a stimulus defined by a combination of visual features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23963
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2419c4a1646",
"name": "multisource interference task",
"definition_text": "a task in which the subject must resolve multiple sources of interference",
"alias": "MSIT",
"ID(c)": 23964
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241ab50513b",
"name": "mentalizing task",
"definition_text": "a task in which the participant is asked to reï¬ect on their own and other people's thoughts and feelings and the causes thereof, often by describing characters in stories or placing themselves in characters' places",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23965
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2ac1cd035",
"name": "copying task",
"definition_text": "patients/participants copy pictures or geometric objects",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23966
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241b50caaf7",
"name": "semantic task",
"definition_text": "Any task that requires subjects to process the meaning of stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23967
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241b751c5a0",
"name": "phonological task",
"definition_text": "Any task that requires the subject to process the sound structure of words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23968
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241bd52b509",
"name": "semantic fluency task",
"definition_text": "participants generate words to a given category (e.g. animals, foods)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23969
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241be43458e",
"name": "phonemic fluency task",
"definition_text": "participants are to name as many words starting with a specified letter as possible in a given time interval",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23970
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241c0737cc0",
"name": "semantic memory task",
"definition_text": "A task requiring the subject to use knowledge retrieved from semantic memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23971
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241c735e7f6",
"name": "serial reaction time task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "SRT, serial response time task, SRTT",
"ID(c)": 23972
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241c8d4a75c",
"name": "gender discrimination task",
"definition_text": "participant is shown series of photos either of people in portraits or in scenes and asked to determine their gender",
"alias": "gender judgment task, gender decision task",
"ID(c)": 23973
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241d7adf14e",
"name": "global-local task",
"definition_text": "participants view a stimulus composed of a large character (global) composed of smaller characters (local), e.g. a large "T" formed by an assembly of smaller letters",
"alias": "Navon figure task, Navon letters task",
"ID(c)": 23974
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241e8a01052",
"name": "sentence-picture matching task",
"definition_text": "participants listen to a sentence and must select from several images the one that correspond to the sentence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23975
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241ee9c4e37",
"name": "word-picture matching task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "picture-word matching task",
"ID(c)": 23976
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241fb95918f",
"name": "recency judgment task",
"definition_text": "participants are presented with two lists of words, then (after a brief reasoning test) tested to recall whether a given word had appeared on the first or the second list presented",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23977
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241fd47f16b",
"name": "passive avoidance task",
"definition_text": "in animal models, aversion to an avoidable part of an apparatus is conditioned, and the animal is later tested for whether it will enter this area.",
"alias": "inactive avoidance task",
"ID(c)": 23978
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241fe40a950",
"name": "fame judgment task",
"definition_text": "participants are exposed to a list composed of famous and nonfamous names and then tested for recollection of which names are famous",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23979
},
{
"id": "trm_4f242042e5805",
"name": "Cambridge risk task",
"definition_text": "participant predicts which of two mutually exclusive outcomes will occur, but critically, the larger reward (and penalty) is associated with choice of the least likely outcome, whereas the smallest reward (and penalty) is associated with choice of the most likely outcome",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23980
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2420b042165",
"name": "reappraisal task",
"definition_text": "participants regulate their emotional states using cognitive strategies",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23981
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24211a03b07",
"name": "Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "RAPM",
"ID(c)": 23982
},
{
"id": "trm_4f242172aea5d",
"name": "updating task",
"definition_text": "participants are presented with lists of X items and be required to recall the N most recent; this means that the participant must hold in memory the first N items and, if X > N, update the contents of memory by dropping initial for most recent items",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23983
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2421a62cdf8",
"name": "face working memory task",
"definition_text": "a brief presentation of a face is followed by a delay during which participants are instructed to keep an image of the face in mind, followed by a test face they indicate to match or not to match the initial face",
"alias": "face wm task",
"ID(c)": 23984
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2421c391b83",
"name": "object working memory task",
"definition_text": "participants view a sequence of simple objects and after a short delay are instructed to name them in either a forward or backward sequence",
"alias": "object wm task",
"ID(c)": 23985
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24226fa2903",
"name": "Fitts task",
"definition_text": "any task requiring a rapid, aimed movement to acquire a target, the time of which is measured and, according to Fitts' law, is generally inversely proportionate to distance required and target size",
"alias": "Fitts' task, Fitts tapping task",
"ID(c)": 23986
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24237f2ed47",
"name": "general knowledge task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to either assess a statement (e.g. "Doctors go through extensive training,") or provide simple answers to questions (e.g. "What color are emeralds?" about the world",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23987
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24239cc239e",
"name": "short-term memory task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "STM task",
"ID(c)": 23988
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24247912761",
"name": "face matching task",
"definition_text": "subjects view a reference face and must either simply compare two faces or select one of two differently-oriented comparison faces (e.g. reference face looks straight ahead while comparison face is a three-quarter view) that match it",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23989
},
{
"id": "trm_4f242499b8952",
"name": "target detection task",
"definition_text": "Refers broadly to a kind of task in which participants are to react to a target stimulus among distractor stimuli. Target detection tasks in the absence of competition are considered measures of sustained attention and not selective or divided attention, which are subsumed under cognitive control",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23990
},
{
"id": "trm_5542841f3dcd5",
"name": "color-word stroop with task switching",
"definition_text": "This is a modified Stroop task (Gauthier et al., 2012) that consists of two 60- second blocks each of control and Stroop conditions, interspersed with 60-second rest blocks. In total, there are 4 task and 5 resting blocks, for a total acquisition length of 9 minutes. During task blocks, control or Stroop events always lasts 2.5 seconds, preceded by 1.5 seconds with a fixation cross to maintain a constant gaze direction. For full details, see http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197458012005684",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23991
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24250e0137e",
"name": "orthographic task",
"definition_text": "A task that requires processing of letter structure",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23992
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24258b51e2c",
"name": "living-nonliving task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown pictures of nameable things and must indicate as quickly as possible whether each is living or nonliving",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23993
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24479b0db8f",
"name": "phoneme detection task",
"definition_text": "participants listen to a pseudowords and after a delay are asked whether they contained specific phonemes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23994
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2447dfa5947",
"name": "stop-change task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject makes a discriminative response by default, but makes a different response upon presentation of a stop signal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23995
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2447fe67fb9",
"name": "visual search task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23996
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244860c702c",
"name": "prospective memory task",
"definition_text": "participants are given goals either time-based (e.g. remembering to press a key every two minutes) or event-based (e.g. remembering to press a key when a given word appears on the screen)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23997
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2448d02d4d9",
"name": "object naming task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown a series of objects, sometimes as photos or as line drawings, typically selected for their commonality by previous experiments and/or articles",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23998
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24492504ca0",
"name": "contextual cueing task",
"definition_text": "participants perform visual search for targets among distractor stimuli in invariant or variable conï¬gurations randomly mixed within trials; because targets appear in the same locations within invariant configurations, these configurations function as a context cueing the participant.",
"alias": "contextual cuing task",
"ID(c)": 23999
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24496a80587",
"name": "gambling task",
"definition_text": "A class of tasks in which subjects make decisions about chance gambles.",
"alias": "gamble task",
"ID(c)": 24000
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2449bdcb0b1",
"name": "Wason card selection task",
"definition_text": "a logic puzzle in which participants must decide which cards are consistent with selection criteria",
"alias": "Wason card task, Wason task, selection task",
"ID(c)": 24001
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244a453522b",
"name": "syntactic task",
"definition_text": "A class of tasks involving the processing of linguistic syntax.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24002
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244a67d5b17",
"name": "mirror tracing task",
"definition_text": "participant is to draw a specified pattern while only seeing their hand from a mirrored perspective",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24003
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244a88013ae",
"name": "artificial grammar learning task",
"definition_text": "participant is presented with a series of letter strings constructed according to an artificial and finite set of rules, after which the participant must determine whether new strings follow or violate the grammar established by the first series.",
"alias": "AGL",
"ID(c)": 24004
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244ad7dcde7",
"name": "dot motion task",
"definition_text": "participants view an array of dots of which some proportion is moving in a particular direction and the rest are moving in another.",
"alias": "dot-motion task, moving-dot task, RDM task, random-dot motion task",
"ID(c)": 24005
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244c1f6b53f",
"name": "color naming task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24006
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244d2a54e27",
"name": "autobiographical memory task",
"definition_text": "in a semi-structured interview a participant is asked to recall recent events (within one week, within one month) in his or her own life, and this recollection is compared with report(s) from a "collateral source," a person close to the participant",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24007
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244d64e45bc",
"name": "negative priming task",
"definition_text": "The participant selects a target in the presence of one or more distractors; the negative priming arises between consecutive trials, in which the participant must respond to a target on the current trial that had appeared as a distractor on the previous trial.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24008
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244f0286947",
"name": "analogical reasoning task",
"definition_text": "any task investigating participant ability to find correspondences between structures of distinct mental representations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24009
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244f46ebf58",
"name": "",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24010
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244f997615c",
"name": "bimanual coordination task",
"definition_text": "participants are instructed to move their arms and/or hands according to a novel spatiotemporal relationship",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24011
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244fee7d195",
"name": "multi-attribute decision making task",
"definition_text": "participant is asked to make decisions with several criteria in mind, e.g. to decide whether to purchase a car while considering its cost, image, efficiency, comfort, etc.",
"alias": "MADM",
"ID(c)": 24012
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2452adb7d23",
"name": "odd-even task",
"definition_text": "participant is presented with a digit and instructed to assess whether it is odd or even",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24013
},
{
"id": "trm_4f245326e2eaf",
"name": "biological motion task",
"definition_text": "participant views stimuli composed of objects like points of light moving in several patterns to detect which of these correspond to biological motion",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24014
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2453b806fe1",
"name": "spatial working memory task",
"definition_text": "refers broadly to a paradigm in which the participant's working memory for spatial characteristics of stimuli is tested, such as the SWM in the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). SWM is a test of the participantâs ability to retain spatial information and to manipulate remembered items in working memory. It is a self-ordered task, which also assesses heuristic strategy. This test is a sensitive measure of frontal lobe and âexecutiveâ dysfunction. It has been shown in recent studies that impaired performance on SWM emerges as a common factor in prepsychosis. The test begins with a number of coloured squares (boxes) being shown on the screen. The aim of this test is that, by touching the boxes and using a process of elimination, the participant should find one blue âtokenâ in each of a number of boxes and use them to fill up an empty column on the right hand side of the screen. The number of boxes is gradually increased, until it is necessary to search a total of eight boxes. The colour and position of the boxes used are changed from trial to trial to discourage the use of stereotyped search strategies.",
"alias": "(SWM)",
"ID(c)": 24015
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2453ce33f16",
"name": "social judgment task",
"definition_text": "broadly describing many disparate subtasks, a social judgment task typically describes one in which participants are asked to decide what other people are thinking or would think, or to interpret their behavior",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24016
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2454dfca337",
"name": "relational reasoning task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24017
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24550fc5f38",
"name": "prototype distortion task",
"definition_text": "participant is trained to categorize high and low distortions of a dot array prototype, and are then tested for recognition when shown the prototype, its distortions, and random arrays",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24018
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2456027809f",
"name": "false belief task",
"definition_text": ""The âstandard versionâ of the false belief task presents the child with a character, Sally, who leaves a desirable object such as a chocolate in her basket, before departing the scene. In her absence, another character, Anne, removes the object and places it in a box. Children are asked to predict, on Sally's return to the room, where Sally will look for the object (or, sometimes, where she thinks the object is). Four-year-olds tend to succeed at this task â correctly attributing a false belief to Sally, saying that she will look for the object in the basket â while younger children tend to fail."",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24019
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2456932f11b",
"name": "shadowing task",
"definition_text": "participants are to repeat target words as quickly as possible under various conditions, and when primed, after a brief interval",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24020
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24572cb42e4",
"name": "parity judgment task",
"definition_text": "Participants must judge whether two numbers, either Arabic or verbal (as words), are equal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24021
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2457454e458",
"name": "numerosity estimation task",
"definition_text": "participants estimate number of targets",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24022
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2457a8b0bc8",
"name": "verbal working memory task",
"definition_text": "A class of tasks involving the online maintenance and/or manipulation of verbal information. The Verbal Recognition Memory test, which assesses immediate and delayed memory of verbal information under free recall and forced choice recognition conditions, should provide comparable results. In the VRM test, the participant is shown a list of 12 words, one at a time, and then asked to:\r\n1)produce as many of the words as possible immediately following the presentation.\r\n2)recognize the words they have seen before from a list of 24 words containing the original 12 words and 12 distractors.\r\n3)following a delay of 20 minutes, recognize the words they have seen before from another list of 24 words containing the original list and 12 new distractors.",
"alias": "(VRM), Verbal Recognition Memory",
"ID(c)": 24023
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2457d94fd93",
"name": "memory guided saccade task",
"definition_text": "participants fixate on a cross in the center of a screen while a visual cue appears elsewhere on screen; they are instructed that once the fixation cross disappears, they are to direct a saccade to the place where the cue had been",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24024
},
{
"id": "trm_50f72fafa53ec",
"name": "big/little circle",
"definition_text": "The Big/Little Circle test assesses comprehension, learning and reversal. It is also intended to train participants in the general idea of following and reversing a rule, before proceeding to the Intra/Extradimensional Shift test (IED), so should ideally precede the IED task in a battery. Participants must first touch the smaller of the two circles displayed, then, after 20 trials, touch the larger circle for 20 further trials.",
"alias": "(BLC)",
"ID(c)": 24025
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2d71adf87",
"name": "minimal feature match task ",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to select a picture that is the same as the original picture, but the saliency of the objectâs most distinctive feature is reduced",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24026
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2dc0273d9",
"name": "foreshortened view task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to select a picture that is the same as the original picture, but the object's principle axis is foreshortened",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24027
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2e5614028",
"name": "drawing from memory task",
"definition_text": "participants draw images varying in complexity from simple shapes to complex objects like faces",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24028
},
{
"id": "trm_50b65ef129e23",
"name": "Partial Report Procedure",
"definition_text": "Participants are given several sets of characters or stimuli to respond to. In Sperling's version of the task, participants are cued to recall just one subset. Due to the fact that participants did not know which row would be cued for recall, performance in the partial report condition can be regarded as a random sample of an observer's memory for the entire display. Another version involves participants responding by pressing a button when they see only a certain stimulus out of a set appear.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24029
},
{
"id": "trm_50b6660b1b847",
"name": "Implicit Association Task",
"definition_text": "A task designed to measure automatic associations, particularly those which are often affected by social desirability bias in self-report measures. They test the association of positive and negative words or images with certain concepts such as race, gender, religion, self-esteem, and sexuality. Respondents to the IAT experience a higher (conscious, controlled, explicit, reflective, analytic, rational, etc.) level of mental operation, when they try to overcome the effects of the automatic associations, and thus a longer response time when they answer counter to their implicit associations.",
"alias": "IAT",
"ID(c)": 24030
},
{
"id": "trm_50f733d7305a1",
"name": "Spatial Recognition Memory",
"definition_text": "This is a test of visual spatial recognition memory in a 2-choice forced discrimination paradigm. This test is often used, in conjunction with Pattern Recognition Memory (PRM) , before the Paired Associates Learning (PAL) test, as both these tests help to train the participant for PAL. PRM and SRM contain different elements of PAL and the results considered together help to decide on the exact nature of the cognitive deficit being considered. The participant is presented with a white square, which appears in sequence at five different locations on the screen. In the recognition phase, the participant sees a series of five pairs of squares, one of which is in a place previously seen in the presentation phase. The other square is in a location not seen in the presentation phase. As with the PRM test, locations are tested in the reverse of the presentation order. This sub-test is repeated three more times, each time with five new locations",
"alias": "(SRM)",
"ID(c)": 24031
},
{
"id": "trm_5023ef8eab626",
"name": "delay conditioning",
"definition_text": "a subtype of classical conditioning in which the conditional stimulus (CS) is presented and, during this presentation, a biologically relevant unconditional stimulus (US) is also presented. Afterward the subject is tested for its reaction to the CS in isolation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24032
},
{
"id": "trm_50240427b4c1b",
"name": "counterconditioning",
"definition_text": "a CS already paired with a particular US is associated with a second US that is often incompatible with the first US",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24033
},
{
"id": "trm_50240f06af135",
"name": "operant task",
"definition_text": "participant learns to associate a particular outcome with a particular effort and characteristics thereof (e.g. frequency, strength)",
"alias": "instrumental learning task, instrumental conditioning task",
"ID(c)": 24034
},
{
"id": "trm_502420a682976",
"name": "NPU-threat test",
"definition_text": "participants are variably exposed to aversive stimuli and cues thereof while being monitored for their behavioral and physiological responses",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24035
},
{
"id": "trm_502985b4baaed",
"name": "psychophysics task",
"definition_text": "stimuli within and/or across modalities are presented to participants, who are then to detect and/or estimate their presence or magnitude",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24036
},
{
"id": "trm_502abd109f255",
"name": "ambiguous figure task",
"definition_text": "a kind of psychophysical task, participants view a stimulus that can be perceived as oriented and/or moving in more than one way",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24037
},
{
"id": "trm_502ad907e3299",
"name": "apparent verticality judgment",
"definition_text": "participants make judgments of their verticality after holding specific body orientations for some duration",
"alias": "AV task",
"ID(c)": 24038
},
{
"id": "trm_502be67697201",
"name": "contrast detection task",
"definition_text": "a psychophysical task in which participants are to discriminate between a nonzero low-contrast stimulus and a blank",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24039
},
{
"id": "trm_50b66c50ca2ac",
"name": "Symbol Counter Task",
"definition_text": "Participants observe a stimulus sequence comprising triangles and rectangles, keeping two counts, one for the triangles and one for the rectangles. Once each stimulus appears, participants update the appropriate mental count and then press a key to proceed to the next trial. Garavanâs central ï¬nding was that the reaction times signaled by the key press were longer when the incremented counter was different from the counter incremented on the previous trial (a switch trial) than when the same counter was incremented again (a no-switch trial). Garavan interpreted this switchâno-switch reaction time (RT) difference (the ââswitching effectââ) as an index of the time required to switch attention\r\nfrom one internal counter to another, suggesting that the internal focus of attention was limited in capacity. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24040
},
{
"id": "trm_5090b32d6b376",
"name": "facial recognition task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown faces expressing various emotions and asked to describe what emotion they believe is being expressed, sometimes also in conjunction with physiological (including neurophysiological) measures",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24041
},
{
"id": "trm_50c0f3e6c596e",
"name": "Time Wall",
"definition_text": "a small object moving at constant velocity passes behind an opaque barrier. The task is to estimate the moment when the object will reappear. It differs from a number of other time-estimate tasks in that discrete mediating responses such as counting or taping are of no direct obvious aid.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24042
},
{
"id": "trm_5181f83b77fa4",
"name": "stop signal task with letter naming",
"definition_text": "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24043
},
{
"id": "trm_50df0d8dc717b",
"name": "attention bias",
"definition_text": "Attention bias refers to the tendency for an emotional stimulus to influence attention. The term is most typically used to refer to biases related to emotional content, typically in bottom-up-capture attention tasks. ",
"alias": "dot-probe",
"ID(c)": 24044
},
{
"id": "trm_50df0dd9d0b6f",
"name": "Incidental encoding task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject is creating new memories without purposely knowing that memorization is the task at hand. Their memories are created thorough working in their environment and picking up information in the process. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24045
},
{
"id": "trm_50df1c0d946b8",
"name": "Space Fortress",
"definition_text": "The Space Fortress videogame is used as a platform for investigating skill learning. The game was originally developed by cognitive psychologists at the University of Illinois, as a tool to study learning and training strategies. Notably, it is one of the few cognitive training tools that has shown transfer of training to real-world performance. Flight students that trained on Space Fortress performed better on a battery of real-world flight tests, and were more likely to be selected to pursue pilot training compared to a no-training control group. Studies have also found that learning Space Fortress with a strategy that involves flexibly shifting attention to different aspects of the game results in improved learning. Thus, the Space Fortress game serves as a great tool for studying how the brain acquires new, complex skills, and how the trained ability can extend to new contexts. (http://fcon_1000.projects.nitrc.org/indi/retro/Train-39.html)\r\n\r\nAnother version of the task involved performing an oddball task while simultaneouly playing Space Fortress.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24046
},
{
"id": "trm_50df1dd534ff2",
"name": "Space Fortress with Oddball",
"definition_text": "Playing Space Fortress while simultaneously performing an oddball task.",
"alias": "Space Fortress + Oddball",
"ID(c)": 24047
},
{
"id": "trm_50f734f86b11a",
"name": "Emotion Recognition Task",
"definition_text": "ERT measures the ability to identify emotions in facial expressions. The participant is shown a series of faces which appear on the screen briefly and asked to identify the emotion (happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise and fear). One hundred and eighty stimuli, which are computer morphed images derived from the facial features of real individuals each showing a specific emotion, are displayed on the screen, one at a time, in two blocks of ninety. Each face is displayed for a short while (200ms) and then immediately covered up, and then six buttons are displayed, each describing an emotion which could be portrayed in the photograph. The participant must decide which is the appropriate button to describe the emotion and touch the button. There are fifteen different photographs for each of the six emotions, each showing different levels of intensity.",
"alias": "(ERT)",
"ID(c)": 24048
},
{
"id": "trm_50f7370ace495",
"name": "Visual Analogue Scales",
"definition_text": "Visual Analogue Scales are psychometric response scales which can be used as a measurement instrument for subjective states. The CANTAB VAS assess subjective measurements of drug effect, energy levels, sickness, alertness and mood. The participant must respond to sixteen questions as they appear on the screen by touching the on-screen slider and moving it to the appropriate position on the scale.",
"alias": "(VAS)",
"ID(c)": 24049
},
{
"id": "trm_50f73d557c967",
"name": "Information Sampling Task",
"definition_text": "The Information Sampling Task (IST) tests impulsivity and decision making. The participant is presented with a 5x5 array of grey boxes on the screen, and two larger coloured panels below these boxes. The participant is instructed that they are playing a game for points, which they can win by making a correct decision about which colour is in the majority under the grey boxes. They must touch the grey boxes one at a time, which open up to reveal one of the two colours shown at the bottom of the screen. Once a box has been touched, it remains open. When the participant has made their decision about which colour is in the majority, they must touch the panel of that colour at the bottom of the screen to indicate their choice. After the participant has indicated their choice, all the remaining grey boxes on the screen reveal their colours and a message is displayed to inform the participant whether or not they were correct. The colours change from trial to trial. At the end of a trial the grey boxes are displayed on the screen again at a speed which depends on how fast the trial was completed, so that there is always at least 30 seconds between trials.\r\n\r\nThere are two conditions â the fixed win condition, in which the subject is awarded 100 points for a correct decision regardless of the number of boxes opened, and the decreasing win condition, in which the number of points that can be won for a correct decision starts at 250 and decreases by 10 points for every box touched. In either condition, an incorrect decision costs 100 points.",
"alias": "(IST)",
"ID(c)": 24050
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb0a01bfd05",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Words-in Noise Test",
"definition_text": "This test was developed by Dr. Richard Wilson to measure a personâs ability to recognize single words presented amid varying levels of background noise. It measures how much difficulty a person might have hearing in a noisy environment. A recorded voice instructs the participant to listen to and then repeat words. The task becomes increasingly difficult as the background noise gets louder. The best score that can be attained (35 correct) for either ear is -2.0 dB S/N, and the worst score (0 correct) is 26.0 dB S/N. Lower scores, therefore, are indicative of better performance on this test.",
"alias": "WIN",
"ID(c)": 24051
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb0dc6668e1",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "This measure of receptive vocabulary is administered in a computerized adaptive format. That is, the next question a participant receives depends on his/her response to the previous question; Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) ensures a test that is tailored to the participantâs needs. The respondent is presented with an audio recording of a word and four photographic images on the computer screen and is asked to select the picture that most closely matches the meaning of the word. ",
"alias": "TPVT",
"ID(c)": 24052
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb115b6c476",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Dimensional Change Card Sort Test",
"definition_text": "DCCS is a measure of cognitive flexibility. Two target pictures are presented that vary along two dimensions (e.g., shape and color). Participants are asked to match a series of bivalent test pictures \r\n(e.g., yellow balls and blue trucks) to the target pictures, first according to one dimension (e.g., color) and then, after a number of trials, according to the other dimension (e.g., shape). âSwitchâ trials are also employed, in which the participant must change the dimension being matched. For example, after four straight trials matching on shape, the participant may be asked to match on color on the next trial and then go back to shape, thus requiring the cognitive flexibility to quickly choose the correct stimulus.",
"alias": "DCCS",
"ID(c)": 24053
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb17385e9a6",
"name": "NIH Toolbox List Sorting Working Memory Test",
"definition_text": "The List Sorting test requires immediate recall and sequencing of different visually and orally presented stimuli. Pictures of different foods and animals are displayed with accompanying audio recording and written text (e.g., âelephantâ), and the participant is asked to say the items back in size order from smallest to largest, first within a single dimension (either animals or foods, called 1-List) and then on two dimensions (foods, then animals, called 2-List).",
"alias": "List Sorting",
"ID(c)": 24054
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb3b2d1de11",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Oral Reading Recognition Test",
"definition_text": " Separate but parallel reading tests have been developed in English and Spanish. In either language, the participant is asked to read and pronounce letters and words as accurately as possible. The test administrator scores them as right or wrong. For the youngest children, the initial items require them to identify letters (as opposed to symbols) and to identify a specific letter in an array of four symbols.",
"alias": "oral reading",
"ID(c)": 24055
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb461d446e1",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Oral Symbol Digit Test",
"definition_text": "In this test, a coding key with nine abstract symbols is presented â each paired with a number between 1 and 9. Participants are asked to orally indicate which numbers go with symbols that are presented in a long string on the computer screen. The participant is given 120 seconds to call out as many numbers that go with the corresponding symbols as he/she can â without skipping any. This test is administered to ages 8-85 and takes approximately three minutes. The Oral Symbol Digit Test is a measure of processing speed. It can be administered as an accommodation in place of the Pattern Comparison processing Speed Test for those with significant motor limitations in the upper extremities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24056
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb4d3d96ff8",
"name": "NIH Toolbox 9-Hole Pegboard Dexterity Test",
"definition_text": "This simple test of manual dexterity records the time required for the participant to accurately place and remove nine plastic pegs into a plastic pegboard. The protocol includes one practice and one timed trial with each hand. Raw scores are recorded as time in seconds it takes the participant to complete the task with each hand (separate score for each).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24057
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb51c2cd9fe",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Grip Strength Test",
"definition_text": "This protocol is adapted from the grip strength testing protocol of the American Society of Hand Therapy. Participants are seated in a chair with their feet touching the ground. With the elbow bent to 90 degrees and the arm against the trunk, wrist at neutral, participants squeeze the Jamar Plus Digital dynamometer as hard as they can for a count of three. The dynamometer provides a digital reading of force in pounds. A practice trial at less than full force and one test trial are completed with each hand.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24058
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb54d78841b",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Standing Balance Test",
"definition_text": "The Standing Balance Test is a measure developed to assess static standing balance. It involves the participant assuming and maintaining up to five poses for 50 seconds each. The sequence of poses is: eyes open on a solid surface, eyes closed on a solid surface, eyes open on a 18 foam surface, eyes closed on a foam surface, eyes open in tandem stance on a solid surface. Detailed stopping rules are in place to ensure participant safety with these progressively demanding poses. Postural sway is recorded for each pose using an accelerometer that the participant wears at waist level.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24059
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb585f62f24",
"name": "NIH Toolbox 4-Meter Walk Gait Speed Test ",
"definition_text": "This test is adapted from the 4-meter walk test in the Short Physical Performance Battery. Participants are asked to walk a short distance (four meters) at their usual pace. Participants complete one practice and then two timed trials. Raw scores are recorded as the time in seconds required to walk 4 meters on each of the two trials, with the better trial used for scoring. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24060
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb69a57bc96",
"name": "NIH Toolbox 2-Minute Walk Endurance Test",
"definition_text": "This test is adapted from the American Thoracic Societyâs 6-Minute Walk Test Protocol. This test measures sub-maximal cardiovascular endurance by recording the distance that the participant is able to walk on a 50-foot (out and back) course in two minutes. The participantâs raw score is the distance in feet and inches walked in two minutes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24061
},
{
"id": "trm_50f374718a91c",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Hearing Threshold Test",
"definition_text": "This automated audiometric test measures hearing thresholds at six different frequencies, separately in the left and right ears. The frequencies presented are: .5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 kHz. On each trial, the participantâs task is to detect whether a pure tone was presented via headphones by answering yes (tone heard) or no (tone not heard). Catch trials are administered to detect false-alarm responses (cases where the participant says âyesâ when no tone was presented).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24062
},
{
"id": "trm_50f37767e2958",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Hearing Handicap Inventory",
"definition_text": "This is the screening version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory; different versions are presented for adults (ages 18-64) and the elderly (ages 65+). Both versions are 10-item self-report measures of hearing-related disability that have been widely used in hearing research. Each of the ten items has three response options. Each item has three response options, assigned point values of 0, 2 or 4, with higher scores indicative of more of a self-reported problem for each item. The score provided for the test is thus a total summed score, ranging from 0-40.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24063
},
{
"id": "trm_50f379c6c9ea9",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Taste Intensity Test",
"definition_text": "This test measures the perceived intensity of quinine (a bitter tastant) and salt administered in liquid solutions. The tastants are each applied to the tip of the tongue as well as swished around in the whole mouth and are rated on a generalized labeled magnitude scale (gLMS). The gLMS is a measure of perceived intensity, with seven anchor labels provided (Strongest imaginable, Very strong, Strong, Moderate, Weak, Barely detectable, No sensation). Participants can rate their intensity by clicking with a computer mouse on any point on the scale from Strongest imaginable to No sensation. The computer records the exact location of the response. A score from 0-100 on a semi-logarithmic scale is produced for each of the four items (quinine whole mouth, salt whole mouth, quinine tip of tongue, salt tip of tongue), corresponding to the point on the gLMS where the participant clicked. A higher score represents greater perceived intensity of the tastant. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24064
},
{
"id": "trm_50f37caf81432",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test",
"definition_text": "This test directly measures participantsâ visual acuity or distance vision. The participant is seated 12.5 feet away from a computer monitor at eye level, and letters (called âoptotypesâ) are displayed one at a time on the screen for the participant to identify, using both eyes at the same time, with the participant wearing his/her normal corrective lenses for distance vision (glasses or contact lenses), if worn. As the participant successfully identifies optotypes of a given size, smaller ones appear on the screen, until the computer program ascertains the smallest-size optotype the participant can successfully see. Conversely, the program displays larger optotypes if the participant cannot see the size that is first displayed, until a size that he/she can accurately see is found. For participants ages 3-7, only the letters H, O, T and V are used, and children may point to a laminated card showing the letters if they cannot verbalize or recall the letter names. For participants ages 8 and above, the entire set of optotypes is used, following a common protocol used in professional vision testing. This is the standard binocular visual acuity measure scored in LogMAR units.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24065
},
{
"id": "trm_50f37f231aa4c",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Vision-Related Quality of Life Survey",
"definition_text": "This Toolbox Supplemental measure assesses an individualâs self-reported quality of life related to visual function in six different areas: color vision, distance vision, near vision, ocular symptoms, psycho-social and role performance. The participant responds to 53 questions, most of which start with, âHow much,â âTo what extent,â or âHow much of a problem,â choosing from a list of answer options ranging from âNot difficult at allâ to âVery difficult.â",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24066
},
{
"id": "trm_50f38098952cb",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Dynamic Visual Acuity Test",
"definition_text": "This test is a measure of gaze stability during head movement, which helps identify individuals who may have a deficit of the vestibular system (which regulates internal balance). First, the NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test must be administered, followed by the DVA Test. Participants are again seated 12.5 feet from a computer monitor at eye level. For the DVA Test, participants wear lightweight headgear that contains a rate sensor and are asked to move the head back and forth, as if indicating âno.â Once the head is measured to be moving at greater than 180 degrees per second by the rate sensor, an optotype flashes on the monitor, and the participant is asked to identify it. As with the Visual Acuity Test, only the letters H, O, T and V are used for ages 3-7, while ages 8+ use the entire letter set. Smaller optotypes are displayed as the participant correctly identifies letters, and larger ones are displayed if the participant cannot correctly identify the letter shown, until the computer has calculated the smallest size that the participant can see with the head moving. This is calculated separately for head rotation leftward and rightward from center (though the participant continues shaking the head both ways), and this performance is compared to the participantâs visual acuity when the head was stationary (the NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test score, sometimes referred to as âstaticâ visual acuity in the context of the DVA test). The difference between static and dynamic visual acuity represents the vestibular contribution to gaze stability. DVA scoring, as with visual acuity, is based in LogMAR units",
"alias": "DVA",
"ID(c)": 24067
},
{
"id": "trm_50f383e76e03b",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Odor Identification Test",
"definition_text": "This task assesses a personâs ability to identify various odors. Participants use scratch-andsniff cards and after scratching them one at a time, are asked to identify which of four pictures on the computer screen matches the odor they have just smelled. Participants ages 10-85 are administered nine odor cards, while those ages 3-9 are administered five odor cards. Child participants (ages 3-9 years) are first asked to identify the eight pictures used as answer choices to ensure they can complete the task. Having identified the pictures, they are asked if they have tasted or smelled the objects or foods depicted.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24068
},
{
"id": "trm_50f385a8269ce",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Pain Intensity Survey",
"definition_text": "This measure consists of a single item measuring immediate (i.e., acute) pain in adults. It asks a participant to rate level of pain experienced âover the last seven days.â The single item is simply scored on a 0-10 scale, with 0 representing no pain, and 10 representing the âworst imaginable pain.â",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24069
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3862422509",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Pain Interference Survey",
"definition_text": "This brief self-report scale measures the degree to which pain interferes with other activities in life in adults. Pain interference items were developed as part of the NIH PROMIS. Each item administered has a 5-point scale with options ranging from ânot at allâ to âvery muchâ on questions about how much pain interferes with aspects of oneâs life. The survey is scored using IRT methods.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24070
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3bc06cae36",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Positive Affect Survey",
"definition_text": "This self-report measure assesses both activated (i.e., happiness, joy) as well as unactivated (i.e., serenity, peace) aspects of positive affect. Affect is defined as "feelings that reflect a level of pleasurable engagement with the \r\nenvironment, such as happiness, joy, excitement, enthusiasm and contentment." Each item administered has a 5-point scale with options ranging from ânot at allâ to âvery much.â Each survey is scored using IRT methods.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24071
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3c003327c4",
"name": "NIH Toolbox General Life Satisfaction Survey",
"definition_text": "This self-report measure assesses global feelings and attitudes about one's life. A CAT is used for adults, a CAT version is used for ages 13-17, and a 5-item fixed-length form is used for ages 8-12, as well as for the parent-report version with ages 3-12. Items administered include those with both 5-point and 7-point scales, with options in each case ranging from âstrongly disagreeâ to âstrongly agree.â The self-report surveys are scored using IRT methods, whereas the parent-report version is scored as a raw sum.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24072
},
{
"id": "trm_50f5822624e53",
"name": "articulatory suppression task",
"definition_text": "A short-term memory task in which the subject must produce irrelevant speech while maintaining information in memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24073
},
{
"id": "trm_50f5bfef58abb",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Meaning and Purpose Survey",
"definition_text": "This is a self-report measure administered only to ages 18-85 as a CAT. In addition, a fixed-length self-report form is available for ages 18-85 as a supplemental measure. Items administered use a 5-point scale, with options ranging from âstrongly disagreeâ to âstrongly agree,â or from ânot at allâ to âvery much.â The survey is scored using IRT methods.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24074
},
{
"id": "trm_50f741a965470",
"name": "Graded Naming Test",
"definition_text": "The Graded Naming Test, developed by Professor Elizabeth Warrington and Dr Pat McKenna in 1980 , has been used extensively in cognitive neuropsychology. The Graded Naming Test (GNT) avoids the problem of ceiling effects in previous naming tests by having subjects name drawings of objects in ascending difficulty. Reduced efficiency in retrieving the name of an object can be the first and only indication of impaired language functioning. This test assesses object-naming ability, but is in addition graded in difficulty to allow for individual differences. This means that it may be able to detect any word-finding difficulty even in those with an extensive naming vocabulary. Currently available in UK English only (this test is culturally biased and there are no alternative versions at present).",
"alias": "(GNT)",
"ID(c)": 24075
},
{
"id": "trm_50f84bbdcfa4e",
"name": "One Touch Stockings of Cambridge",
"definition_text": "One Touch Stockings of Cambridge is a spatial planning task which gives a measure of frontal lobe function. OTS is a variant of the Stockings of Cambridge task and places greater demands on working memory as the participant has to visualise the solution. As for SOC (Stockings of Cambridge), the participant is shown two displays containing three coloured balls. The displays are presented in such a way that they can easily be perceived as stacks of coloured balls held in stockings or socks suspended from a beam. This arrangement makes the 3-D concepts involved apparent to the participant, and fits with the verbal instructions.\r\n\r\nThere is a row of numbered boxes along the bottom of the screen. The test administrator first demonstrates to the participant how to use the balls in the lower display to copy the pattern in the upper display, and completes one demonstration problem, where the solution requires one move. The participant must then complete three further problems, one each of 2 moves, 3 moves and 4 moves.\r\n\r\nNext the participant is shown further problems, and must work out in their head how many moves the solutions to these problems require, then touch the appropriate box at the bottom of the screen to indicate their response.",
"alias": "(OTS)",
"ID(c)": 24076
},
{
"id": "trm_50f84e8ab7af8",
"name": "Reaction Time",
"definition_text": "Reaction Time (RTI) is a latency task with a comparative history (the five choice task) and uses a procedure to separate response latency from movement time. It is more useful than CRT or SRT where it is necessary to control for tremor. The task is divided into five stages, which require increasingly complex chains of responses. In each case, the participant must react as soon as a yellow dot appears. In some stages the dot may appear in one of five locations, and the participant must sometimes respond by using the press-pad, sometimes by touching the screen, and sometimes both.",
"alias": "(RTI)",
"ID(c)": 24077
},
{
"id": "trm_50f8516279419",
"name": "Rapid Visual Information Processing",
"definition_text": "Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVP) is a test of sustained attention (similar to the Continuous Performance Task) and has proved useful in many studies in which drugs are used to help develop a disease model.. It is sensitive to dysfunction in the parietal and frontal lobe areas of the brain and is also a sensitive measure of general performance. A white box appears in the centre of the computer screen, inside which digits, from 2 to 9, appear in a pseudo-random order, at the rate of 100 digits per minute. Participants are requested to detect target sequences of digits (for example, 2-4-6, 3-5-7, 4-6-8) and to register responses using the press pad.",
"alias": "(RVP)",
"ID(c)": 24078
},
{
"id": "trm_50f852c084fde",
"name": "match to sample visual search",
"definition_text": "Match to Sample Visual Search (MTS) is a matching test, with a speed/accuracy trade-off. It is a simultaneous visual search task with response latency dissociated from movement time. Efficient performance on this task requires the ability to search among the targets and ignore the distractor patterns which have elements in common with the target. This test can help to differentiate between Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, and also between Lewy Body dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The participant is shown a complex visual pattern (the sample) in the middle of the screen, and then, after a brief delay, a varying number of similar patterns is shown in a circle of boxes around the edge of the screen. Only one of these boxes matches the pattern in the centre of the screen, and the participant must indicate which it is by touching it. Reaction time is measured on the basis of the release of the press-pad, which allows for its more accurate measurement.",
"alias": "(MTS)",
"ID(c)": 24079
},
{
"id": "trm_50f9952c2311a",
"name": "Penn Conditional Exclusion Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of abstraction and concept formation by hypothesis testing, where the principle shifts after its discovery is established.. Subjects decide which of 4 objects does not belong with the other 3 based on one of three sorting principles (e.g., shape, size, line thickness). Sorting principles change after 10 successive correct responses, and feedback is used to guide discovery of the principle and indicate its change. There are 4 alternate forms available. An accuracy score is calculated by multiplying the proportion of correct responses by the number of categories attained (out of 3 possible).",
"alias": "(PCET)",
"ID(c)": 24080
},
{
"id": "trm_50f998dcbfcc8",
"name": "Penn Word Memory Test",
"definition_text": "The Penn Word Memory Test presents 20 target words that are then mixed with 20 distractors equated for frequency, length, concreteness and low imageability. The participantâs score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils. Median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. A 20 min delayed recall procedure is also administered.",
"alias": "(PWMT)",
"ID(c)": 24081
},
{
"id": "trm_50f99e56117fe",
"name": "Penn Face Memory Test",
"definition_text": "presents 20 digitized faces that are then mixed with 20 distractors equated for age, gender and ethnicity. The participantâs score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils, and median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. The procedure is repeated at 20 min delay. ",
"alias": "(PFMT)",
"ID(c)": 24082
},
{
"id": "trm_50f9daf1c3834",
"name": "Visual Object Learning Test ",
"definition_text": "uses Euclidean shapes as stimuli with the same paradigm as the CNB word and face tests. The participantâs score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils, and again median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. The procedure is repeated at 20 min delay. Two forms are available for each test.",
"alias": "(VOLT)",
"ID(c)": 24083
},
{
"id": "trm_5106eae236c21",
"name": "WAIS-Information",
"definition_text": "The examinee 29 answers questions that address a broad range of general knowledge topics. This subtest measures the ability to acquire, retain, and retrieve general factual information. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24084
},
{
"id": "trm_5106eee90937a",
"name": "WAIS Digit Span",
"definition_text": "For Digit Span Forward, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in the same order. For Digit Span Backward, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in reverse order. For Digit Span Sequencing, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in ascending order. This subtest measures working memory, mental manipulation, cognitive flexibility, rote memory and learning, attention, and encoding. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24085
},
{
"id": "trm_5106f17025386",
"name": "WAIS Vocabulary",
"definition_text": "For picture items, the examinee names the object presented visually. For verbal items, the examinee defines words that are presented visually and orally. This subtest measures word knowledge and verbal concept formation. 35 words are defined in this measure of expressive word knowledge. It correlates very highly with Full Scale IQ.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24086
},
{
"id": "trm_5106f4dfe08b1",
"name": "WAIS Arithmetic",
"definition_text": "Working within a specified time limit, the examinee mentally solves a series of 14 arithmetic story type problems. This subtest measures mental manipulation, concentration, attention, short- and long-term memory, numerical reasoning ability, and mental alertness. Tests distractibility as well as numerical reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24087
},
{
"id": "trm_5106f82530aff",
"name": "WAIS Comprehension",
"definition_text": "The examinee answers questions based on his or her understanding of general principles and social situations. This subtest measures verbal reasoning and conceptualization, verbal comprehension and expression, the ability to evaluate and use past experience, and the ability to demonstrate practical knowledge and judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24088
},
{
"id": "trm_510703e93367e",
"name": "WAIS Similarities",
"definition_text": "The examinee is presented two words that represent common objects or concepts, and asked to describe how two seemingly dissimilar items might in fact be similar. This subtest measures verbal concept formation and reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24089
},
{
"id": "trm_5107067241007",
"name": "WAIS Picture Completion",
"definition_text": "Working within a specified time limit, the examinee views a picture with an important part missing and identifies the missing part. This subtest measures visual perception and organization, concentration, and visual recognition of essential details of objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24090
},
{
"id": "trm_51070ae889d95",
"name": "WAIS Picture Arrangement",
"definition_text": "The subject is given 10 small pictures and asked to arrange them in a logical sequence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24091
},
{
"id": "trm_51071fc87a61f",
"name": "WAIS Object Assembly",
"definition_text": "The subject is given 4 puzzles (like jigsaw puzzles) and must put together the pieces to form the intended shape. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24092
},
{
"id": "trm_512e7621189ad",
"name": "criteria task",
"definition_text": "A decision making task designed to test how individuals can use different criteria to classify perceptual stimuli. In the criteria with line stimuli version of the task, participants are asked to decide if lines are "big" or "small" compared to a criterion line that can differ in size. At the beginning of each block of trials, they are shown which criterion line to use for their decisions. In the criteria with dot stimuli version of the task, participants are asked to decide if a matrix of dots is "big" or "small" compared to a matrix of dots that can differ in size. At the beginning of each block of trials, they are shown which criterion matrix of dots to use for their decisions. \r\n",
"alias": "criteria, criteria task",
"ID(c)": 24093
},
{
"id": "trm_5181f863d24f4",
"name": "stop signal task with pseudo word naming",
"definition_text": "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24094
},
{
"id": "trm_5154906cbead5",
"name": "Change Detection Task",
"definition_text": "The subject is presented with an array, then after a short delay, presented with a second array. In the no-change condition, the second array is identical to the first. In the change condition, the second array differs by a single item. Subjects must identify whether a change has occurred or not, and if so, are often asked to point out the change. Other versions target different sensory abilities, such as auditory change detection or face change detection.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24095
},
{
"id": "trm_515495b718cd6",
"name": "AX-DPX",
"definition_text": "An alternative version of the AX-CPT in which the letter stimuli are replaced with simple dot patterns derived from Braille language. Dot patterns are more easily parametrically manipulated, and require less time between stimuli presentations because they are not as easily stored in working memory as letters, thus increasing the proportion of errors.",
"alias": "Dot Pattern Expectancy,Dot Probe Expectancy",
"ID(c)": 24096
},
{
"id": "trm_5736095d91380",
"name": "delayed intention task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a cue indicating which of several tasks to perform. After a delay phase, they see a task screen and perform the task. Typically, brain activity related to the tasks is analyzed during the delay period.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24097
},
{
"id": "trm_5176cf2c19e89",
"name": "mirror reading task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with mirror-reversed written stimuli and asked to process them in some way.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24098
},
{
"id": "trm_5176cf9d3d512",
"name": "living/nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with words in either plain text or mirror-reversed format, and are asked to judge whether the stimulus refers to a living or nonliving object. Items are presented in a mixed fashion and separated by whether each stimulus is a switch in presentation form from the previous trial.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24099
},
{
"id": "trm_5181fb7bf350b",
"name": "reversal weather prediction",
"definition_text": "is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on if the response was correct or incorrect. This may or may not be presented with other stimuli (ex-tones of different frequencies), but the goal of the task is to only pay attention the the classification task at hand. This is the same task as the weather prediction task but with the reward contingencies reversed\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24100
},
{
"id": "trm_51a637dfeffd5",
"name": "McGurk effect",
"definition_text": "An auditory illusion discovered by H. McGurk and J. MacDonald, demonstrating the contribution made by visible face movements to normal speech perception",
"alias": "McGurk-MacDonald effect",
"ID(c)": 24101
},
{
"id": "trm_51c453f64d2a6",
"name": "psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm",
"definition_text": "In this task, participants are required to select responses for two stimuli. The intervals between the two stimuli vary, but are usually so brief that the second stimulus often appears before the response to the first one is finished.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24102
},
{
"id": "trm_51d6fe3f3942f",
"name": "autism spectrum quotient",
"definition_text": "The Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) is used to assess if adults of average intelligent have symptoms typical of individuals in the autism spectrum. Published by Simon Baron-Cohen at the Autism Research Centre in Cambridge in 2001, it consists of fifty questions to assess social and communication skills, as well as imagination, attention to detail, and attention switching.\r\n\r\nSubscales: social skill (items 1,11,13,15,22,36,44,45,47,48)\r\nattention switching (items 2,4,10,16,25,32,34,37,43,46) \r\nattention to detail (items 5,6,9,12,19,23,28,29,30,49) \r\ncommunication (items 7,17,18,26,27,31,33,35,38,39) \r\nimagination (items 3,8,14,20,21,24,40,41,42,50) \r\n\r\nEach of the items listed above scores 1 point if the respondent records the abnormal or autistic-like behavior either mildly or strongly.\r\nâDefinitely agreeâ or âslightly agreeâ responses scored 1 point, on the following items: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12, 13, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26, 33, 35, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46. \r\nâDefinitely disagreeâ or âslightly disagreeâ responses scored 1 point, on the following items: 3, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 36, 37, 38, 40, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50.\r\n\r\nBaron-Cohen, S., et al. (2001). "The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger Syndrome/High-Functioning Autism, Malesand Females, Scientists and Mathematicians." Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders 31(1): 5-17.",
"alias": "AQ",
"ID(c)": 24103
},
{
"id": "trm_5206bf053acf4",
"name": "Piaget's Water Jar Task",
"definition_text": "This task tests whether children understand the principle of conservation, or the idea that two objects are still equivalent after a transformation of one of them. Specifically, the "Water Jar Task" tests if children have attained "conservation of liquid quantity." The child is asked to assess if the same amount of water in different glasses is in fact equal. ",
"alias": "water jug task, water jug problem",
"ID(c)": 24104
},
{
"id": "trm_5208fe678c652",
"name": "Social Responsiveness Scale",
"definition_text": "The social responsiveness scale (SRS) is a 65 item rating scale used to assess social awareness, social information processing, capacity for reciprocal social communication, social anxiety/avoidance, and autistic preoccupations and traits. The original SRS is completed by a parent or teacher for children from 4 to 18 years of age. The second version of the SRS is extended to 2.5 years into adulthood, validated on a larger sample, and allowing for self-report.\r\n\r\nSubscales Include:\r\n1. Social Awareness\r\n2. Social Cognition\r\n3. Social Communication\r\n4. Social Motivation\r\n5. Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior\r\n\r\nAdditionally, the Total Score reflects overall severity of social deficits.",
"alias": "SRS, SRS-2",
"ID(c)": 24105
},
{
"id": "trm_52167db323438",
"name": "Children's Memory Scale",
"definition_text": "The Children's Memory Scale (CMS) assesses attention, declarative memory, and learning for children from 5 to 16 years of age, specifically with subscales that reflect 1) Attention/Concentration, 2) Verbal Immediate, 3) Verbal Delayed, 4) Delayed Recognition, 5) Visual Immediate, 6) Visual Delayed, 7) Learning, and 8) General Memory.\r\n\r\nhttp://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-0-387-79948-3_1532/fulltext.html",
"alias": "CMS",
"ID(c)": 24106
},
{
"id": "trm_521687032f822",
"name": "Social Communication Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The Social Communication Questionnaire consists of 40 yes/no questions (answered by parents) to screen for autism spectrum disorders in children four years of age and older. Specifically, the questions ask about social functioning and communication skills. Two forms of the SCQ include the Lifetime and Current, which assesst behaviors for each of those periods. \r\n\r\nTheoretically derived subscales include 1) Reciprocal Social Interaction subscale, 2) Communication subscale, and 3) Restricted, Repetitive, and Stereotyped Patterns of Behavior subscale, although they have not been formally validated.\r\n\r\nQuestions 20 through 40 (Lifetime) focus on behaviors occurring between the ages of 4 and 5.\r\nTotal scores can range from 0 to 39\r\nThe first question is a language screening item that is not included in the final score.\r\nTotal SCQ raw score of ⥠15 is highly suggestive of ASD",
"alias": "SCQ, Autism Screening Questionnaire, ASQ",
"ID(c)": 24107
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7a0a73cf5",
"name": "aberrant behavior checklist - community",
"definition_text": "The Aberrant Behavior Checklist- Community version (ABC-C) is a symptom checklist for assessing problem behaviors of children and adults with mental retardation, to be completed by a parent, educator, or care-giver. The community version is specifically for individuals living at home. \r\n\r\nThe rater is asked to provide ratings for 58 specific symptoms to compute scores for the following subscales:\r\n\r\n 1. Irritability/Agitation\r\nâ 2. Lethargy/Social Withdrawal\r\n 3. Stereotypic Behavior\r\n 4. Hyperactivity/Noncompliance\r\n 5. Inappropriate Speech\r\n\r\nhttp://www.slossonnews.com/ABC.html",
"alias": "ABC, ABC-C",
"ID(c)": 24108
},
{
"id": "trm_523ca67b786d5",
"name": "adult behavior checklist",
"definition_text": "The Adult Behavior Checklist is a 126 item measure that assesses withdrawn, somatic, anxious/depressed, internalizing, intrusive, thought, attention, delinquent behavior, aggressive, and externalizing problems.",
"alias": "ABC, ABCL",
"ID(c)": 24109
},
{
"id": "trm_523df616da8a6",
"name": "adolescent symptom inventory",
"definition_text": "The Adolescent Symptom Inventory (4th version) is a 120 question rating scale that screens for 18 DSM-IV emotional and behavioral disorders in youths between 12 and 18 years old. These scores have shown a high correspondence with psychiatric diagnoses.",
"alias": "ASI, ASI-4",
"ID(c)": 24110
},
{
"id": "trm_523dfd5b7a9f1",
"name": "broad autism phenotype questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire (BAPQ) is designed to measure the BAP (the Broad Autism Phenotype, a set of personality and language characteristics that reflect the phenotypic expression of the genetic liability to autism) in adults. The subscales include: aloof personality, rigid personality, and pragmatic language.\r\n\r\nhttp://staff.science.uva.nl/~michiell/docs/HurleyEtAl2007.pdf",
"alias": "BAP",
"ID(c)": 24111
},
{
"id": "trm_523e10cad0ce6",
"name": "battelle developmental inventory",
"definition_text": "The Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI) is an assessment for children (newborn to 7 years 11 months) that assesses early childhood developmental milestones in the domains of personal-social, adaptive, motor, communication, and cognitive ability.",
"alias": "BDI",
"ID(c)": 24112
},
{
"id": "trm_523f58d91f2c0",
"name": "beery-buktenica developmental test of visual-motor integration",
"definition_text": "The Beery VMI is a screener for visual-motor deficits that can lead to learning, neuropsychological, and behavior problems, available in both a child and adult form. It also helps to assess the extent to which individuals can integrate their visual and motor abilities.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.pearsonassessments.com/HAIWEB/Cultures/en-us/Productdetail.htm?Pid=PAg105\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "Beery VMI",
"ID(c)": 24113
},
{
"id": "trm_523f5c17d7edb",
"name": "big five questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The BFQ is a self-report measure for assessing the big five personality dimensions of energy/extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional instability, and intellect/openness in youths.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019188690200051X",
"alias": "BFQ",
"ID(c)": 24114
},
{
"id": "trm_524055ac4fecf",
"name": "broader phenotype autism symptom scale",
"definition_text": "The Broader Phenotype Autism Symptom Scale (BPASS) measures traits that have likely effects on autism susceptibility genes, including social motivation, social expressiveness, conversational skills, and flexibility. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16868845",
"alias": "BPASS",
"ID(c)": 24115
},
{
"id": "trm_52405b6f7ebe9",
"name": "brief symptom inventory",
"definition_text": "The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) is a brief psychological self-report assessment intended to help measure psychological distress and psychiatric disorders in medical and community populations. It is a shorter version of the SCL-90-R.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6622612",
"alias": "BSI",
"ID(c)": 24116
},
{
"id": "trm_524b4a402c87e",
"name": "Child Behavior Checklist",
"definition_text": "The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) obtains reports from parents, relatives, and/or guardians about competencies and behavioral or emotional problems relating to social relations and school performance. This metric is intended for ages 6 through 18, and measures anxiety, depression, somatic complaints, social problems, thought and attention problems, and rule-breaking and aggressive behavior.",
"alias": "CBCL",
"ID(c)": 24117
},
{
"id": "trm_524b563fb87c8",
"name": "Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scales",
"definition_text": "The Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scale(s) is an instrument designed to provide a complete overview of child and adolescent behaviors, emotions, academic, and social problems. These scales include the DSM-IV symptom scales.\r\n",
"alias": "CBRS",
"ID(c)": 24118
},
{
"id": "trm_5255c99be1e53",
"name": "Children's Communication Checklist",
"definition_text": "The Childrenâs Communication Checklist is a 70 item questionnaire that assesses children's speech, vocabulary, sentence structure, and social language skills, to be filled out by an adult or caregiver. language and pragmatics.",
"alias": "CCC",
"ID(c)": 24119
},
{
"id": "trm_5258346e72223",
"name": "Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale",
"definition_text": "The CES-D scale is a short self-report scale designed to measure depressive symptomatology in the general population, and is composed of items from longer scales that have been previously validated.",
"alias": "CES-D",
"ID(c)": 24120
},
{
"id": "trm_525c4a78089ad",
"name": "Social Competence Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "A questionnaire to assess social competence in children.",
"alias": "ComQ",
"ID(c)": 24121
},
{
"id": "trm_525c4cb94bfff",
"name": "Conners 3rd Edition",
"definition_text": "The Conners 3 is an extended version of the Conners' Rating Scales-Revised that, in addition to the original metrics, assesses comorbid disorders such as Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Conduct Disorder. Specifically, it addresses:\r\n\r\nGeneral Psychopathology\r\nInattention\r\nHyperactivity/Impulsivity\r\nLearning Problems\r\nExecutive Functioning\r\nAggression\r\nPeer Relations\r\nFamily Relations\r\nADHD Inattentive\r\nADHD Hyperactive-Impulsive\r\nADHD Combined\r\nOppositional Defiant Disorder\r\nConduct Disorder",
"alias": "Conners 3",
"ID(c)": 24122
},
{
"id": "trm_525c56680c13c",
"name": "Children's Psychiatric Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "The Children's Psychiatric Rating Scale (CPRS) is a multidimensional rating scale of childhood psychopathology. It is not diagnostic, but rather a broad-ranging rating scale of symptoms and behaviors which may contribute to diagnosis. In addition, the scoring system enables the rating of severity of symptoms and presentation. Since the scale measures the presence or absence of symptoms over a particular period of time, it is a useful instrument of treatment efficacy and has regularly been the instrument of choice employed in clinical trials.\r\n\r\nFor more information, see http://www.springerreference.com/docs/html/chapterdbid/334435.html",
"alias": "CPRS",
"ID(c)": 24123
},
{
"id": "trm_525d847e2bd0b",
"name": "autism diagnostic interview - revised",
"definition_text": "the ADI-R is a comprehensive interview that provides a thorough assessment of individuals suspected of having autism or other autism spectrum disorders. It has proven highly useful for formal diagnosis as well as treatment and educational planning.",
"alias": "ADI-R",
"ID(c)": 24124
},
{
"id": "trm_526027c99b726",
"name": "Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing",
"definition_text": "The CTOPP-2 can be used to help evaluate phonological processing abilities as a prerequisite to reading fluency. The revised version of this popular assessment is now appropriate for use with children as young as 4 years old. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.pearsonassessments.com/HAIWEB/Cultures/en-us/Productdetail.htm?Pid=CTOPP2",
"alias": "CTOPP",
"ID(c)": 24125
},
{
"id": "trm_52602c143d3a9",
"name": "Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale",
"definition_text": "a widely used measure of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) symptom severity in youth.",
"alias": "CY-BOCS",
"ID(c)": 24126
},
{
"id": "trm_52602e2e0c43b",
"name": "Expressive Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Expressive Vocabulary Test assesses receptive and expressive vocabulary, and word retrieval.",
"alias": "EVT",
"ID(c)": 24127
},
{
"id": "trm_5262c98a09546",
"name": "Expressive One Word-Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Expressive One Word-Picture Vocabulary Test assesses English speaking vocabulary and verbal intelligence for individuals age 2 to 95 years.\r\n\r\nhttp://portal.wpspublish.com/portal/page?_pageid=53,272879&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL\r\n",
"alias": "EOWPVT",
"ID(c)": 24128
},
{
"id": "trm_5262cb3d852c0",
"name": "Leiter International Performance Scale",
"definition_text": "The Leiter International Performance Scale is an intelligence test for children ages 2 to 18 in the form of a strict performance scale. The test purports to "provide a nonverbal measure of general intelligence by sampling a wide variety of functions from memory to nonverbal reasoning." Because of the exclusion of language, it claims to be more accurate than other tests when testing children who cannot or will not provide a verbal response, including children who are non native speaking, or have autism, traumatic brain injury, speech impairment, and hearing problems.\r\n\r\nScales and subscales include: \r\n\r\nReasoning:\r\n\r\nClassification\r\nSequential order\r\nRepeated patterns\r\nDesign analogies\r\n\r\nVisualization:\r\n\r\nMatching\r\nFigure-ground\r\nPaper folding\r\nFigure rotation\r\nPicture context\r\nForm completion\r\n\r\nMemory:\r\n\r\nMemory span (Forward)\r\nMemory span (Backward)\r\nImmediate recognition\r\nDelayed recognition\r\nAssociative memory\r\nAssociative delayed memory\r\nSpatial memory\r\nVisual coding\r\n\r\nAttention:\r\nAttention sustained (marking one kind of figures printed on a page with several different figures)\r\nAttention divided (observing a display and simultaneously sorting cards correctly)\r\n\r\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiter_International_Performance_Scale",
"alias": "Leiter",
"ID(c)": 24129
},
{
"id": "trm_5262d6d7b2097",
"name": "Mullen Scales of Early Learning",
"definition_text": "The Mullen Scales of Early Learning encompass five scales used to assess cognitive and motor ability and development. Specifically, including Gross Motor, Visual Reception, Fine Motor, Expressive Language, and Receptive Language.",
"alias": "Mullen",
"ID(c)": 24130
},
{
"id": "trm_5262d903ae91d",
"name": "PDD Behavior Inventory",
"definition_text": "The Pervasive Developmental Disorder Behavioral Inventory assess responsiveness to intervention in children with a pervasive developmental disorder. The extended form assesses two categories, each including a set of subscales:\r\n\r\nApproach/Withdrawal Problems:\r\n\r\nSensory/Perceptual Approach\r\nRitualisms/Resistance to Change\r\nSocial Pragmatic Problems\r\nSemantic Pragmatic Problems\r\nArousal Regulation Problems (extended form)\r\nSpecific Fears (extended form)\r\nAggressiveness (extended form)\r\n\r\nReceptive/Expressive Social Communication Abilities:\r\n\r\nSocial Approach Behaviors\r\nExpressive Language\r\nLearning, Memory, and Receptive Language (extended form)",
"alias": "PDDBI",
"ID(c)": 24131
},
{
"id": "trm_5266bc6473fd8",
"name": "Preschool Language Scale",
"definition_text": "The Preschool Language Scale (PLS) provides a comprehensive assessment of language development, specifically it measures total language, auditory comprehension, and expressive communication. ",
"alias": "PLS",
"ID(c)": 24132
},
{
"id": "trm_5266bebe14d2e",
"name": "Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) is a vocabulary assessment to assess receptive and expressive vocabulary performance.",
"alias": "PPVT",
"ID(c)": 24133
},
{
"id": "trm_526943e3cbaaf",
"name": "Sensory Profile",
"definition_text": "The Sensory Profile is a test to assess sensory processing for a wide range of age groups. Domains (and subscles within domains) include:\r\n\r\n1) Sensory processing domain: auditory processing, visual processing, vestibular processing, touch processing, and multi-sensory processing, oral processing.\r\n\r\n2) Modulation domain: sensory processing related to endurance and tone, modulation related to body position and movement, modulation of movement affecting activity level, modulation of sensory input affecting emotional responses, modulation of visual input affecting emotional responses and activity level.\r\n\r\n3) Behavior and emotional responses: emotional/social responses, behavioral outcomes of sensory processing, items indicating threshold for response.\r\n\r\nhttps://www.pearsonassessments.com/HAIWEB/Cultures/en-us/Productdetail.htm?Pid=076-1638-008",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24134
},
{
"id": "trm_526af65b16c82",
"name": "Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales",
"definition_text": "The Stanford-Binet (SB) - the best and most popular intelligence test, is a Cognitive ability assessment used to measure intelligence (IQ). It measures five factors of cognitive ability: Fluid Reasoning, Knowledge, Quantitative Reasoning, Visual-Spatial Processing, and Working Memory. Each of these factors is tested in two separate domains, verbal and nonverbal.\r\n\r\nSubtests include: Vocabulary, Comprehension, Pattern Analysis, Quantitative, Bead Memory, and Memory for Sentences.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.stanfordbinet.net/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24135
},
{
"id": "trm_527138126fb20",
"name": "Test of Early Language Development",
"definition_text": "The Test of Early Language Development (TELD) is a standardized test to assess spoken language skills at early ages. Subtests include Receptive Language and Expressive Language, and these metrics yield an overall Spoken Language score.",
"alias": "TELD",
"ID(c)": 24136
},
{
"id": "trm_52713c85c0bd2",
"name": "Test of Adolescent and Adult Language",
"definition_text": "The Test of Adolescent and Adult Language (TOAL) measures spoken and written language abilities of adolescents and young adults with varying degrees of knowledge of the English language. It includes the following six subtests: Word opposites, word deviations, spoken analogies, word similarities, sentence combining, and orthographic usage.\r\n\r\nComposite scores include spoken language, written language, and general language.",
"alias": "TOAL",
"ID(c)": 24137
},
{
"id": "trm_527143a263937",
"name": "Test of Language Development",
"definition_text": "The Test of Language Development (TOLD) provides six subtests that measure components of spoken language, including 1) Sentence Combining, 2) Picture Vocabulary, 3) Word Ordering, 4) Relational Vocabulary, 5) Morphological Comprehension, and 6) Multiple Meanings.",
"alias": "TOLD",
"ID(c)": 24138
},
{
"id": "trm_52717a95a3b03",
"name": "Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales",
"definition_text": "The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales are the leading instrument for supporting the diagnosis of intellectual and developmental disabilities. It assesses an individual in the domains of communication, daily living skills, socialization, motor skills, and a maladaptive behavior index.",
"alias": "Vineland",
"ID(c)": 24139
},
{
"id": "trm_52718631bc934",
"name": "Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Development Profile",
"definition_text": "The Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Development Profile (CSBS) is an assessment to pick up early delays in social communication, expressive speech/language, and symbolic functioning.",
"alias": "CSBS",
"ID(c)": 24140
},
{
"id": "trm_5272806688e63",
"name": "Differential Ability Scales",
"definition_text": "The Differential Ability Scales (DAS) make an assessment about how a child processes information, and at cognitive abilities that are important for learning. Specifically, the test measures verbal and visual working memory, immediate and delayed recall, visual recognition and matching, processing and naming speed, phonological processing, and understanding of basic number concepts.",
"alias": "DAS",
"ID(c)": 24141
},
{
"id": "trm_5298e7a465b41",
"name": "Early Childhood Behavioral Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The Early Childhood Behavioral Questionnaire encompasses 18 scales, and 201 items to measure several aspects of temperament in toddlers. A short form (107 items; 18 scales), and a very short form (36 items; 3 broad scales) are available.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.bowdoin.edu/~sputnam/rothbart-temperament-questionnaires/instrument-descriptions/early-childhood-behavior.html",
"alias": "ECBQ",
"ID(c)": 24142
},
{
"id": "trm_5298ed1336e43",
"name": "Early Development Interview (EDI)",
"definition_text": "The Early Development Interview measures the following:\r\n\r\nCommunication\r\nRepetitive Behavior\r\nRegulatory\r\nSocial\r\nSensory\r\nTone\r\nFamily Changes\r\nChild Medical Events\r\nStressful Events\r\n\r\nhttp://ndar.nih.gov/ndar_data_dictionary.html?short_name=edi01\r\n",
"alias": "EDI",
"ID(c)": 24143
},
{
"id": "trm_5298f15fe0fcf",
"name": "Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test can be used to assess expressive language for individuals who have experienced stroke, concussion, traumatic brain injury, or neurodegenerative disease. \r\nThe test provides a comprehensive assessment of expressive and receptive vocabulary.\r\n \r\nhttp://www.proedinc.com/customer/productView.aspx?ID=2166",
"alias": "EOWPVT",
"ID(c)": 24144
},
{
"id": "trm_529911569b592",
"name": "Halstead-Reitan Battery",
"definition_text": "The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery is a combination of neuropsychological tests used to assess the possible physical aspects and localization of neurological damage. \r\n\r\nTrails A and B\r\nVerbal Fluency\r\nHalstead Category Test\r\nSpatial Positional Reasoning\r\nTactual Performance Test\r\nRhythm Test\r\nSpeech Sounds Perception Test\r\nFinger Oscillation Test\r\n\r\nand several ancillary tests. See: http://www.minddisorders.com/Flu-Inv/Halstead-Reitan-Battery.html for details.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24145
},
{
"id": "trm_529ce04b778b6",
"name": "Joint Attention / Social and Nonsocial Orienting Task",
"definition_text": "This task makes an assessment of the extent that a child can respond to different stimuli, or exhibit joint attention:\r\n\r\nhttp://ndar.nih.gov/ndar_data_dictionary.html?short_name=jasnot01\r\n\r\nI was not able to find the original paper detailing the task.",
"alias": "jasnot",
"ID(c)": 24146
},
{
"id": "trm_529ce3d22be3e",
"name": "Judgment of Line Orientation Task",
"definition_text": "This test is a standardized measure of visuospatial judgment. See http://www4.parinc.com/Products/Product.aspx?ProductID=JUDGMENTLINE",
"alias": "jol",
"ID(c)": 24147
},
{
"id": "trm_529ce6ecb35f8",
"name": "Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test",
"definition_text": "The Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT) measures both verbal and nonverbal ability.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.pearsonclinical.com/psychology/products/100000390/kaufman-brief-intelligence-test-second-edition-kbit2.html",
"alias": "KBIT,K-BIT",
"ID(c)": 24148
},
{
"id": "trm_529d087705bfa",
"name": "Loneliness Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "The loneliness rating scale is a 40 item questionnaire to assess current level of loneliness.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16367513",
"alias": "LRS",
"ID(c)": 24149
},
{
"id": "trm_534690b0e9dc5",
"name": "Overt word repetition",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented auditorily with words and asked to repeat them aloud.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24150
},
{
"id": "trm_5346927710e88",
"name": "Covert verb generation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with nouns and generate an associated verb silently.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24151
},
{
"id": "trm_534692ef3b5df",
"name": "Tapping task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are instructed to move a body part corresponding to a picture. The following instructions were issued: âYou have to tap your index finger when you see a picture of a finger, flex your foot when you see a picture of a foot, and purse your lips when you see a picture of lipsâ. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24152
},
{
"id": "trm_5346938eed092",
"name": "Landmark task",
"definition_text": "Subjects performed two alternate tasks, namely tell if a horizontal line is crossed precisely in the middle (LANDMARK) and tell if a horizontal line is crossed at all (DETECTION). The following instructions were used: âPress the button with your left index finger if the line is bisected in the middle otherwise press the button with your right fingerâ or âPress the button with your left index finger if the line is crossed otherwise press the button with your right fingerâ. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24153
},
{
"id": "trm_53c4465b0466f",
"name": "why/how task",
"definition_text": "The Why/How Task is a neuroimaging task for manipulating and measuring abstract conceptualization of sensory stimuli, especially social stimuli. In the version validated in Spunt and Adolphs (2014, NeuroImage), participants answer attributional (why) and factual (how) questions about visual social scenes using a yes/no manual response. The Why/How manipulation is attentional: Each photograph appears once as the target of a Why question, and once as the target of a How question. A standardized version of this task is available for download here: http://bobspunt.com/whyhow-localizer/. Further information can be acquired in the following paper: Spunt, R. P., & Adolphs, R. (2014). Validating why/how the contrast for functional MRI studies of Theory of Mind. NeuroImage. 99, 301-311.\r\n",
"alias": "yes/no why/how task, why/how localizer",
"ID(c)": 24154
},
{
"id": "trm_54e69c642d89b",
"name": "rest eyes closed",
"definition_text": "Subjects rest passively with their eyes closed. Often used as a baseline for comparison for other tasks.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24155
},
{
"id": "trm_54f93101b2fd8",
"name": "think/no-think task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are cued to either remember or suppress the memory for a specific association that was previously learned.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24156
},
{
"id": "trm_550b50095d4a3",
"name": "working memory fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This is the "working memory" task used in the Human Connectome Project. The category specific representation task and the working memory task are combined into a single task paradigm. Participants were presented with blocks of trials that consisted of pictures of places, tools, faces and body parts (non-mutilated parts of bodies with no ânudityâ). Within each run, the 4 different stimulus types were presented in separate blocks. Also, within each run, ½ of the blocks use a 2-back working memory task and ½ use a 0-back working memory task (as a working memory comparison). A 2.5 second cue indicates the task type (and target\r\nfor 0-back) at the start of the block. Each of the two runs contains 8 task blocks (10 trials of 2.5 seconds each, for 25 seconds) and 4 fixation blocks (15 seconds). On each trial, the stimulus is presented for 2 seconds, followed by a 500 ms inter-task interval (ITI). \r\n\r\nPotential Additional Event Related Contrasts: Researchers can also use the TAB.txt E-Prime\r\ndata files to generate the following potential event-related contrasts:\r\n\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Appendix_VI.pdf\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf\r\n\r\nReferences for Working Memory: Localizer (Drobyshevsky et al. 2006); Reliable across subjects (Drobyshevsky et al. 2006) and time (Caceres et al. 2009).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24157
},
{
"id": "trm_550b53d7dd674",
"name": "motor fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was adapted from the one developed by Buckner and colleagues (Buckner et al. 2011; Yeo et al. 2011). Participants are presented with visual cues that ask them to either tap their left or right fingers, or squeeze their left or right toes, or move their tongue to map motor areas. Each block of a movement type lasted 12 seconds (10 movements), and is preceded by a 3 second cue. In each of the two runs, there are 13 blocks, with 2 of tongue movements, 4 of hand movements (2 right and 2 left), and 4 of foot movements (2 right and 2 left). In addition, there are 3 15-second fixation blocks per run. This task contains the following events, each of which is computed against the fixation baseline.\r\n\r\nThis task is included in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 subject data release.\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf\r\n\r\nReferences for Motor Task: Localizer (Morioka et al. 1995; Bizzi et al. 2008; Buckner et al. 2011; Yeo et al. 2011).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24158
},
{
"id": "trm_550b54a8b30f4",
"name": "language processing fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was developed by Binder and colleagues (Binder et al. 2011) and uses the E-prime scripts provided by these investigators. The task consists of two runs that each interleave 4 blocks of a story task and 4 blocks of a math task. The lengths of the blocks vary (average of approximately 30 seconds), but the task was designed so that the math task blocks match the length of the story task blocks, with some additional math trials at the end of the task to complete the 3.8 minute run as needed. The story blocks present participants with brief auditory stories (5-9 sentences) adapted from Aesopâs fables, followed by a 2-alternative forcedchoice question that asks participants about the topic of the story. The example provided in the original Binder paper (p. 1466) is âFor example, after a story about an eagle that saves a man who had done him a favor, participants were asked, âWas that about revenge or reciprocity?â The math task also presents trials aurally and requires subjects to complete addition and subtraction problems. The trials present subjects with a series of arithmetic operations (e.g., âfourteen plus twelveâ), followed by âequalsâ and then two choices (e.g., âtwenty-nine or twentysixâ). Participants push a button to select either the first or the second answer. The math task is adaptive to try to maintain a similar level of difficulty across participants. For more details on the task, please see (Binder et al. 2011).\r\n\r\nReferences for Language Task: Reliable across subjects and robust activation (Binder et al.\r\n2011).\r\n\r\nThis task is included in the Human Connectome Project.\r\n\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24159
},
{
"id": "trm_550b557e5f90e",
"name": "social cognition (theory of mind) fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "Participants were presented with short video clips (20 seconds) of objects (squares, circles, triangles) that either interacted in some way, or moved randomly on the screen. These videos were developed by either Castelli and colleagues (Castelli et al. 2000) or Martin and colleagues (Wheatley et al. 2007). After each video clip, participants judge whether the objects had a mental interaction (an interaction that appears as if the shapes are taking into account each otherâs feelings and thoughts), Not Sure, or No interaction (i.e., there is no obvious interaction between the shapes and the movement appears random). Each of the two task runs has 5 video blocks (2 Mental and 3 Random in one run, 3 Mental and 2 Random in the other run) and 5 fixation blocks (15 seconds each). \r\n\r\nReferences for the Social Cognition Task: Reliable across subjects and robust activation\r\n(Castelli et al. 2000; Castelli et al. 2002; Wheatley et al. 2007; White et al. 2011).\r\n\r\nThis task is used in the Human Connectome Project.\r\n\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24160
},
{
"id": "trm_550b5a47aa23e",
"name": "relational processing fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was adapted from the one developed by Christoff and colleagues (Smith et al. 2007). The stimuli are 6 different shapes filled with 1 of 6 different textures. In the relational processing condition, participants are presented with 2 pairs of objects, with one pair at the top of the screen and the other pair at the bottom of the screen. They are told that they should first decide what dimension differs across the top pair of objects (differed in shape or differed in texture) and then they should decide whether the bottom pair of objects also differ along that same dimension (e.g., if the top pair differs in shape, does the bottom pair also differ in shape). In the control matching condition, participants are shown two objects at the top of the screen and one object at the bottom of the screen, and a word in the middle of the screen (either âshapeâ or âtextureâ). They are told to decide whether the bottom object matches either of the top two objects on that dimension (e.g., if the word is âshapeâ, is the bottom object the same shape as either of the top two objects. For both conditions, the subject responds yes or no using one button or another. For the relational condition, the stimuli are presented for 3500 ms, with a 500 ms ITI, and there are four trials per block. In the matching condition, stimuli are presented for 2800 ms, with a 400 ms ITI, and there are 5 trials per block. Each type of block (relational or matching) lasts a total of 18 seconds. In each of the two runs of this task, there are 3 relational blocks, 3 matching blocks and 3 16-second fixation blocks.\r\n\r\nReferences for the Relational Processing Task: Localizer (Smith et al. 2007).\r\n\r\nThis task is included in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 Dataset Release\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24161
},
{
"id": "trm_550b5b066d37b",
"name": "emotion processing fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was adapted from the one developed by Hariri and colleagues (Hariri et al. 2002). Participants are presented with blocks of trials that either ask them to decide which of two faces presented on the bottom of the screen match the face at the top of the screen, or which of two shapes presented at the bottom of the screen match the shape at the top of the screen. The faces have either an angry or fearful expression. Trials are presented in blocks of 6 trials of the same task (face or shape), with the stimulus presented for 2000 ms and a 1000 ms ITI. Each block is preceded by a 3000 ms task cue (âshapeâ or âfaceâ), so that each block is 21 seconds including the cue. Each of the two runs includes 3 face blocks and 3 shape blocks, with 8 seconds of fixation at the end of each run.\r\n\r\nThis task is included in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 subject data release.\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf\r\n\r\nReferences for the Emotion Processing Task: Localizer (Hariri et al. 2002); Moderate reliability\r\nacross time (Manuck et al. 2007).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24162
},
{
"id": "trm_550b5c1a7f4db",
"name": "gambling fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was adapted from the one developed by Delgado and Fiez (Delgado et al. 2000). Participants play a card guessing game where they are asked to guess the number on a mystery card (represented by a â?â) in order to win or lose money. Participants are told that potential card numbers range from 1-9 and to indicate if they think the mystery card number is more or less than 5 by pressing one of two buttons on the response box. Feedback is the number on the card (generated by the program as a function of whether the trial was a reward, loss or neutral trial) and either: 1) a green up arrow with â$1â for reward trials, 2) a red down arrow next to -$0.50 for loss trials; or 3) the number 5 and a gray double headed arrow for neutral trials. The â?â is presented for up to 1500 ms (if the participant responds before 1500 ms, a fixation cross is displayed for the remaining time), following by feedback for 1000 ms. There is a 1000 ms ITI with a â+â presented on the screen. The task is presented in blocks of 8 trials that are either mostly reward (6 reward trials pseudo randomly interleaved with either 1 neutral and 1 loss trial, 2 neutral trials, or 2 loss trials) or mostly loss (6 loss trials pseudorandomly interleaved with either 1 neutral and 1 reward trial, 2 neutral trials, or 2 reward trials). In each of the two runs, there are 2 mostly reward and 2 mostly loss blocks, interleaved with 4 fixation blocks (15 seconds each).\r\n\r\nThis task is part of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 subject data relase.\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf\r\n\r\nReferences for Gambling Task: Reliable across subjects and robust activation in fMRI (Delgado\r\net al. 2000; May et al. 2004; Tricomi et al. 2004; Forbes et al. 2009)",
"alias": "gambling task",
"ID(c)": 24163
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c2645167e",
"name": "Tone Matching",
"definition_text": "The tone matching task is designed to measure pitch perception. Subjects are presented with pairs of tones and are asked to indicate whether they sounded the same or different.\r\n\r\nSource: http://davidileitman.com/tone-matching-task/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24164
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c2d8d7b1d",
"name": "Deviance Detection",
"definition_text": "Detect the change in sound from one stimulus to another",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24165
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c329eb334",
"name": "Regularity and Change Detection",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24166
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c3eaa3fb7",
"name": "Speech Detection",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24167
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c4bb1d1ee",
"name": "Bistability",
"definition_text": "When viewing an image with multiple interpretations, subjective perception alternates stochastically between the different interpretations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24168
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c5f2ad56f",
"name": "Tone Detection (JND)",
"definition_text": "just-noticeable difference or JND is the amount something must be changed in order for a difference to be noticeable, detectable at least half the time",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24169
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c7f17de9f",
"name": "Vernier discrimination task",
"definition_text": "observers judge whether one line is displaced above or below a second line",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24170
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c85ed1e8d",
"name": "contour integration task",
"definition_text": "observers are asked to detect the presence of a contour of Gabor elements embedded in a background of similar but otherwise unrelated elements",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24171
},
{
"id": "trm_551b05e03be48",
"name": "perceptual closure task",
"definition_text": "the ability to form coherent mental pictures with very little visual information. Perceptual closure is a process whereby an incomplete stimulus is perceived to be complete.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24172
},
{
"id": "trm_551b06cf9783b",
"name": "Parallel/serial search",
"definition_text": "In a serial search, you look at one item at a time, and respond as soon as you see a target. In a parallel search, you look at multiple items at a time and the relevant aspect of the target can be detected quickly regardless of how many distractors there are.",
"alias": "Visual search task",
"ID(c)": 24173
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0bb59173d",
"name": "contour interpolation task",
"definition_text": "Contour interpolation mechanisms allow perception of bounded objects despite incomplete edge information. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24174
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0c0a742d2",
"name": "lateral facilitation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24175
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0c616de16",
"name": "coherent motion",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24176
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0cdcde976",
"name": "multistability",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24177
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0d687ee33",
"name": "figure ground task",
"definition_text": "find the figure that is embedded in the background, ignoring the background",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24178
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0dc4e4359",
"name": "visual illusion susceptibility",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24179
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0e17c6c76",
"name": "cross modality",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24180
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0e6b88363",
"name": "perceptual organization",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24181
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0ee81fb6b",
"name": "object perception task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24182
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0f2b930ab",
"name": "object recognition task",
"definition_text": "Object recognition is the ability to perceive an objectâs physical properties (such as shape, colour and texture) and apply semantic attributes to the object, which includes the understanding of its use, previous experience with the object and how it relates to others.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24183
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0fd03d7d8",
"name": "retinotopic representation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24184
},
{
"id": "trm_551b1004bc652",
"name": "local computation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24185
},
{
"id": "trm_551b107c5c111",
"name": "object classification",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24186
},
{
"id": "trm_551b1460e89a3",
"name": "auditory scene perception",
"definition_text": "Any task that requires the perception of complex auditory stimuli, such as music",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24187
},
{
"id": "trm_551b14d7d5882",
"name": "gating",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24188
},
{
"id": "trm_551b153bc78fc",
"name": "self monitoring task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24189
},
{
"id": "trm_551b15af981c6",
"name": "action-perception loop",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24190
},
{
"id": "trm_551b17b190582",
"name": "intensity for somatosensory stimulation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24191
},
{
"id": "trm_551b1b6f6a262",
"name": "auditory masking task",
"definition_text": "Auditory masking occurs when the perception of one sound is affected by the presence of another sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24192
},
{
"id": "trm_551efd39a74dd",
"name": "Re-entrant processing",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24193
},
{
"id": "trm_551efd8a98162",
"name": "emotion expression identification",
"definition_text": "participants are presented with faces whose expressions slowly change from neutral to full intensity",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24194
},
{
"id": "trm_551efdcd10677",
"name": "contrast sensitivity test",
"definition_text": "A contrast sensitivity test measures your ability to distinguish between finer and finer increments of light versus dark (contrast).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24195
},
{
"id": "trm_551efdfd1a356",
"name": "Face Identification task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24196
},
{
"id": "trm_551efeacb9deb",
"name": "Manipulation of ISI",
"definition_text": "The interstimulus interval (ISI) is the temporal interval between the offset of one stimulus to the onset of another",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24197
},
{
"id": "trm_551eff0fdab74",
"name": "Novelty detection task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24198
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0634b2607",
"name": "Spatial cuing paradigm",
"definition_text": "spatial cueing task has been used to measure manual and eye-movement reaction times to target stimuli in order to investigate the effects of covert orienting of attention in response to different cue conditions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24199
},
{
"id": "trm_551f06a08dcc4",
"name": "attentional blink paradigm",
"definition_text": "Attentional blink is a phenomenon observed in rapid serial visual presentation. When presented with a sequence of visual stimuli in rapid succession at the same spatial location on a screen, a participant will often fail to detect a second salient target occurring in succession if it is presented between 180-450 ms after the first one. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24200
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0713a5a17",
"name": "Inter-modal selective attention task",
"definition_text": "subjects attend selectively to auditory or visual stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24201
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0757982bc",
"name": "Blocked channel-selection task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24202
},
{
"id": "trm_551f07a281283",
"name": "Distraction paradigm (capture)",
"definition_text": "-",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24203
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0857e1db8",
"name": "ANT task",
"definition_text": "The ANT is a task designed to test three attentional networks in children and adults: alerting, orienting, and executive control. Efficiency of the alerting network is examined by changes in reaction time resulting from a warning signal. Efficiency of orienting is examined by changes in the reaction time that accompany cues indicating where the target will occur. The efficiency of the executive network is examined by requiring the participant to respond by pressing two keys indicating the direction (left or right) of a central arrow surrounded by congruent, incongruent or neutral flankers.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24204
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0a8b5ba2c",
"name": "Sternberg Item Recognition Task",
"definition_text": "is a working memory task requiring participants to first encode a set of digits (encode-phase) and then to maintain them âon-lineâ in WM while responding to each of the probe digits that follow by indicating whether or not it was a member of the memorized set (probe-phase).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24205
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0b18d7ca0",
"name": "Running Memory",
"definition_text": "in running memory task , a list ends unpredictably and the last few items are to be recalled.",
"alias": "running memory span task",
"ID(c)": 24206
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0b9654d23",
"name": "Simple span task",
"definition_text": "The test begins with two to three numbers, increasing until the person commits errors. At the end of a sequence, the person being tested is asked to recall the items in order.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24207
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0c294ce23",
"name": "Continuous Performance Test - AX version",
"definition_text": "A version of the continuous performance task in which subjects are told to make one response for the letter X when it was preceded by the letter A, and another response for all other stimuli. AX trials are "target trials"; in these types of trials a valid cue is followed by a valid probe. The 3 other trial types are "Non-target trials" in which either a valid cue is followed by an invalid probe ("AY" type trials) or an invalid cue is followed by either a valid or invalid probe ("BX" or "BY" probes, respectively).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24208
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0cc82ed49",
"name": "Sequence encoding",
"definition_text": "test the ability to encode a sequence of letters or words into memory in the presence or absence of distractors",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24209
},
{
"id": "trm_551f103b3edeb",
"name": "Sequence reproduction",
"definition_text": "requires tapping keys as rapidly and as accurately as possible to reproduce different finger movement sequences demonstrated on a visual display panel.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24210
},
{
"id": "trm_551f1491a2fe8",
"name": "Transitive inference task",
"definition_text": "Transitive inference is a form of inferential reasoning. For example, if A > B and B > C and C > D and D > E, then it can be concluded without being told than B > D. "greater than (>)" can be replaced with any other (supposedly) transitive relation, such as "better than" or "darker-colored than".",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24211
},
{
"id": "trm_551f151f7347e",
"name": "acquired equivalence",
"definition_text": "Acquired equivalence is a paradigm in which generalization is increased between two superficially dissimilar stimuli (or antecedents) that have previously been associated with similar outcomes (or consequents).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24212
},
{
"id": "trm_552174863d51e",
"name": "Naming tasks",
"definition_text": "Tests ability to retrieve words ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24213
},
{
"id": "trm_552174d3b61fb",
"name": "Verbal description of visual depiction",
"definition_text": "Verbal descriptions of visual depictions of events and states",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24214
},
{
"id": "trm_5521752956bb2",
"name": "Corpus analysis",
"definition_text": "Linguistic corpus-based analysis of language output",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24215
},
{
"id": "trm_55217860a9dea",
"name": "Coherent/Incoherent discourse distinction task",
"definition_text": "Measures ability to distinguish between coherent and incoherent sentences and discourse",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24216
},
{
"id": "trm_55217a446eb3b",
"name": "Discourse content questions",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24217
},
{
"id": "trm_55217a9f473f0",
"name": "Listening and reading task",
"definition_text": "Listening and reading times to critical words and regions in linguistic input",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24218
},
{
"id": "trm_55217b48995ce",
"name": "Eye tracking paradigms",
"definition_text": "Patterns of eye movements to critical words and regions in linguistic input",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24219
},
{
"id": "trm_55217bd86ee12",
"name": "Mouse tracking paradigms",
"definition_text": "Patterns of motor movements to critical words and regions in linguistic input",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24220
},
{
"id": "trm_55217c8179b00",
"name": "Visual world paradigm",
"definition_text": "Patterns of eye movements to non-verbal visual stimuli during spoken language comprehension",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24221
},
{
"id": "trm_55217d7fbfdba",
"name": "Manipulation of predictability and acceptability",
"definition_text": "Manipulations of predictability and acceptability, at different levels of representation, in a linguistic input.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24222
},
{
"id": "trm_55217e77441b0",
"name": "Manipulation of language and non-verbal behaviors",
"definition_text": "Experimental manipulations of relationships between language and non-verbal behaviors",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24223
},
{
"id": "trm_5521807e50549",
"name": "Sentence/discourse content test",
"definition_text": "Measures the ability to answer questions about the content of sentences and discourse",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24224
},
{
"id": "trm_55218116cbf40",
"name": "Manipulation of individual words",
"definition_text": "Experimental manipulations of different types of relationships between individual words in priming paradigms",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24225
},
{
"id": "trm_552181d7be45e",
"name": "Manipulation of coherence and cohesion",
"definition_text": "Experimental manipulations of different types of coherence and cohesion between clauses in discourse",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24226
},
{
"id": "trm_552184243d7ab",
"name": "Surface properties of object paradigms",
"definition_text": "For intermediate vision, nonlocal properties of images, transformations beyond retinotopic representations (e.g., surface properties of the object independent of light, head position)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24227
},
{
"id": "trm_55218536d1710",
"name": "Time-series of response time",
"definition_text": "To extract variability and frequency domain analysis",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24228
},
{
"id": "trm_55295382db2c5",
"name": "non-spatial cuing paradigm",
"definition_text": "Unlike in spatial cuing task where left, right, up, down arrows shows the direction to which the stimuli appear, in non-spatial cuing task the directions right, left, up, and down are replaced by the words e.g., quick, slow, good, and bad avoiding providing spatial cues to the stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24229
},
{
"id": "trm_5535623c2536a",
"name": "Muller-Lyer Illusion",
"definition_text": "An optical illusion consisting of a stylized arrow. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24230
},
{
"id": "trm_5536be03400e7",
"name": "Motion processing",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24231
},
{
"id": "trm_553e6b8e33da4",
"name": "predictive-inference helicopter task",
"definition_text": "This task involves repeatedly predicting the next in a sequence of numbers. The inference problem is embedded in a cover task in which the number corresponded to the horizontal position at which a bag of money would drop from a helicopter concealed behind clouds. The objective is to catch coins in a bucket by predicting where the bag lands, and this is equivalent to inferring the generative mean (i.e., the position of the helicopter) and centering the bucket at that position. Learning rate can be measured by the shift in the participant's prediction and the prediction error. \r\n\r\nThe description above, as well as full details of the task: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627314009118#sec4",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24232
},
{
"id": "trm_553e73e29cf7d",
"name": "contextual semantic priming task",
"definition_text": "This task presents blocks of fixation and words, with the words varying in the degree to which they are predictable (given the context of the previous words). On each trial, a fixation cross is presented followed by a visual prompt (asterisk) and a sequence of five centrally presented words (in lower case). The experimental variable is the predictability of the terminal, target word, represented in four conditions (Congruent == highly predictable,Incongruent == target word is highly predictable, but the prediction was violated by presenting a terminal word that was inappropriate given the context, Scrambled == initial four words did not establish a context for a grammatical sentence and the target word was not predictable, and Letter String == meaningless letter strings of identical consonants as a control). After presentation of the target word, the participant is asked if the sentence is meaningful. The above description was derived from (and full details are available) here: http://www.jneurosci.org/content/34/8/2871.full",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24233
},
{
"id": "trm_553e77887abc7",
"name": "Becker-Degroot-Marschak (BDM) procedure",
"definition_text": "This is an economics-derived task that broadly measures willingness to pay (WTP). Implementations generally involve the participant formulating a bid, and comparing the bid to a randomly generated price. If bid > price, the participant pays the price and receives the item. If bid ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24234
},
{
"id": "trm_553e77e53497d",
"name": "cue approach task",
"definition_text": "This task is a type of cue-approach training in which participants observe images of individual food items presented for 1 s and are instructed to press a button as fast as possible (before the image disappears) only when they hear a tone (i.e., Go trials). There is no feedback to the participants regarding the success of the button press in the allotted time window. Full details can be read about: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n4/full/nn.3673.html",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24235
},
{
"id": "trm_553e85265f51e",
"name": "functional localizer fMRI tasks",
"definition_text": "This is a simple and fast acquisition procedure based on a 5-minute functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence that can be run as easily and as systematically as an anatomical scan. This protocol captures the cerebral bases of auditory and visual perception, motor actions, reading, language comprehension and mental calculation at an individual level. Individual functional maps are reliable and quite precise. This description, and full details are available at: http://www.unicog.org/pm/pmwiki.php/Site/FunctionalLocalizer",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24236
},
{
"id": "trm_553e8882e3cb6",
"name": "Ultimatum Game (UG)",
"definition_text": "A social interactive bargaining task that measures social preferences via the degree to which participants accept unfair and unequal offers. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimatum_game",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24237
},
{
"id": "trm_553e88a66b676",
"name": "social bargaining fMRI task",
"definition_text": "This is an instantiation of the Ultimatum Game (UG) in fMRI. In this game, a proposer is charged with splitting a sum of money with a partner. The responder decides either to accept or reject this proposed offer. If accepted, the money is split as suggested, but if rejected then neither player receives anything. The parterns can be a combination of real people, computers. Offers are preceded by a picture of the partner for that round, and partner pictures are randomly paired to an offer amount. Full details of the task are available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3594719/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24238
},
{
"id": "trm_553eb28436233",
"name": "multi-attribute reward-guided decision task",
"definition_text": "Participants are trained on the relative likelihood of receiving a reward on a set of images,"stimuli," and a set of button presses, "actions," and learn action-reward probabilities and stimulus-reward probabilities (pS) separately by performing pairwise choices between two randomly selected alternatives from each set. Choosing the better or worse of the two options gives positive or negative feedback (smiley and sad faces). For the actual task, participants performed a three-option choice task in which each option comprised one previously learned stimulus and one previously learned action. They are instructed to weight stimulus and action information equally on each trial and select the best option to obtain points that subsequently converted into monetary reward. This summarized text, and full details are available: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n11/full/nn.3836.html#f1 ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24239
},
{
"id": "trm_553eb45e2b709",
"name": "social judgment of faces task",
"definition_text": "This task aims to measure social judgment in the domains of trustiness, attractiveness, happiness, and cognitive age. Participants are shown pictures of human faces, are required to compare the face pair based on 4 different questions: â(Who do you regard as) More trustworthy?,â âMore attractive?,â âHappier?,â and âOlder?.â",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24240
},
{
"id": "trm_553ebfc390256",
"name": "perceptual discrimination task",
"definition_text": "Participants are asked to distinguish a gabor display that is "popping out" from one that is not, and rate their confidence on the decision on a scale of 1 (low confidence) to 6 (high confidence). Full details are available: http://www.jneurosci.org/content/33/42/16657.full#F1",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24241
},
{
"id": "trm_553ec40d44c51",
"name": "Numerical Working Memory Task",
"definition_text": "a sequence of numeric stimuli was encoded and participants were intermittently probed regarding the parity of the prior stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24242
},
{
"id": "trm_553ec64e6cb1b",
"name": "associative memory encoding task",
"definition_text": "Broadly, participants are taught to visually identify a facial feature or face, link a phonological cue or name to that feature or face, and either recall the associated name/cue or recognize it from a list\r\n\r\nSpecifically, this is an associative memory encoding task for which participants are asked to remember names paired with pictures of faces, and rate their confidence on the assertion.",
"alias": "declarative memory encoding task",
"ID(c)": 24243
},
{
"id": "trm_553fbba5d5327",
"name": "Object Rating Task",
"definition_text": "Any task where participants are asked to evaluate preferences for one or more stimuli on a scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24244
},
{
"id": "trm_553fbbf79ebc5",
"name": "social influence for food preferences task",
"definition_text": "This task assesses the impact of social influence on ratings for healthy and unhealthy foods. Participants are shown images of foods, and asked to rate how much they would like to eat each food on a scale [1,8]. Participants are then shown an "average" rating from their peers that will either be much lower, higher, or the same, and this procedure is followed by another block to ask participants to re-evaluate foods after exposure to the peer ratings. Paper is available at: http://ssnl.stanford.edu/publications (Social norms shift behavioral and neural responses to foods. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24245
},
{
"id": "trm_553fd2fc7a648",
"name": "complex trait judgment task",
"definition_text": "This task aims to measure judgment in the domains of trustworthiness (social), attractiveness (social), happiness (affective), and cognitive age (cognitive). Participants are presented with stimuli are required to evaluate each voice based on 4 different questions: â(Who do you regard as) More trustworthy?,â âMore attractive?,â âHappier?,â and âOlder?.â Judgments may be made based on stimuli including voices, faces, or other characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24246
},
{
"id": "trm_553fc63a54ae6",
"name": "motion discrimination task",
"definition_text": "any task for which a participant views stimuli with some proportion moving in a particular direction and must decide the direction the stimuli is moving in",
"alias": "direction discrimination task",
"ID(c)": 24247
},
{
"id": "trm_553fc858cacc5",
"name": "consensus decision-making task",
"definition_text": "A participant must come to consensus with a set of other participants on a choice between two items. If consensus is reached, the item is obtained and the next block begins. If consensus is not reached, the next trial contains the same choice. If consensus is not reached by the end of the block, no item is gained. The experiment uses actual people, and the control condition uses has th participant interacting with a computer algorithm. Full details: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627315002159",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24248
},
{
"id": "trm_553fcbbe974ba",
"name": "stop signal walking task with stroop",
"definition_text": "Participants walk around a virtual reality environment controlled by a foot pedal and must respond to STOP and WALK commands. In a low cognitive load condition, participants respond to these commands verbatim. In a high cognitive load condition, participants are presented with stroop stimuli, and congruent words == WALK, and incongruent words == STOP. Full details: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0052602",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24249
},
{
"id": "trm_553fce5d21da7",
"name": "Bistable percept paradigm",
"definition_text": "a computer-based task that requires participants to evaluate a battery of monochromatic âmonostableâ and âbistableâ percepts and impaired performance on this task distinguishes those PD patients who experience VH. From: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hbm.22321/full",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24250
},
{
"id": "trm_55492d262a847",
"name": "Manipulation of predictability",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24251
},
{
"id": "trm_5550e5011ce10",
"name": "audio narrative",
"definition_text": "Audio narratives tell stories through sound alone: narration, interviews, live and archival sound recordings, environmental soundscapes, sound effects, found sounds, etc. Audio narratives use storytelling along with other audio means to create intimate experiences through characters, plot, and setting.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24252
},
{
"id": "trm_5585c83d15fad",
"name": "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index",
"definition_text": "The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a self-rated questionnaire which assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month time interval. Nineteen individual items generate seven "component" scores: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of scores for these seven components yields one global score.\r\n\r\nfrom http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2748771",
"alias": "PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire",
"ID(c)": 24253
},
{
"id": "trm_5586ff878155d",
"name": "Adult ADHD Clinical Diagnostic Scale",
"definition_text": "A primary diagnostic measure developed to establish the presence of current adult symptoms of ADHD. This is an 18-item, clinician-based, semistructured interview hat employs adult-specific language to ensure adequate probing of adult manifestations of ADHD symptoms. The 18 items in the scale correspond to the 18 diagnostic criteria in the DSM criteria.\r\n\r\nFrom: http://www.adhdandyou.com/hcp/adult-adhd-screening.aspx",
"alias": "ACDS",
"ID(c)": 24254
},
{
"id": "trm_558702243da12",
"name": "Young Mania Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "The Young Mania Rating Scale is an eleven-item, multiple-choice diagnostic questionnaire that psychiatrists use to measure the severity of manic episodes in patients. The scale was originally developed for use in the evaluation of adult patients who were suffering from bipolar disorder, but has since been modified for use in pediatric patients. A similar scale was then developed to allow clinicians to interview parents about their children's symptoms, in order to ascertain a better diagnosis of mania in children. Clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the parent version of the scale.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Mania_Rating_Scale",
"alias": "YMRS",
"ID(c)": 24255
},
{
"id": "trm_558c324478d22",
"name": "Multi-class n-back task",
"definition_text": "An n-back task including faces, scenes, and chinese characters as stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24256
},
{
"id": "trm_558c3350c6a9f",
"name": "Stop signal task with dot motion discrimination",
"definition_text": "A stop signal task in which the primary task is a dot motion discrimination task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24257
},
{
"id": "trm_558c33e7714ba",
"name": "multi-object localizer task",
"definition_text": "A task involving presentation of multiple classes of visual objects, meant to localize category-specific regions of visual cortex. The subject monitors for a target (red dot) and responds when target appears.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24258
},
{
"id": "trm_558c35979a284",
"name": "Sentence/nonword language localizer",
"definition_text": "A task in which strings of stimuli (either sentences or strings of nonwords) are presented, followed by a probe on which the subject responds whether the probe item was present in the string of stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24259
},
{
"id": "trm_558c36935a0e9",
"name": "spatial working memory localizer task",
"definition_text": "A task in which targets are presented on a spatial grid, followed by a probe in which the subject must choose between two spatial layouts, one of which matches the locations presented in the initial set.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24260
},
{
"id": "trm_558c4d3105abf",
"name": "retinotopic mapping task",
"definition_text": "The subject is presented with stimuli including rotating wedges and expanding/contracting rings, while maintaining fixation and performing a target detection task for an eccentric target.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24261
},
{
"id": "trm_559e2af1cc0ce",
"name": "Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for Depression",
"definition_text": "The Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for Depression is a multiple item questionnaire used to provide an indication of depression, and as a guide to evaluate recovery. It was originally published in 1960 by Max Hamilton and revised it in 1966, 1967, 1969, and 1980. The questionnaire is designed for adults and is used to rate the severity of their depression by probing mood, feelings of guilt, suicide ideation, insomnia, agitation or retardation, anxiety, weight loss, and somatic symptoms.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton_Rating_Scale_for_Depression",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24262
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a36d9c3f9",
"name": "Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms",
"definition_text": "The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) is a rating scale to measure negative symptoms in schizophrenia. The scale was developed by Nancy Andreasen and was first published in 1984. SANS is split into 5 domains, and within each domain separate symptoms are rated from 0 (absent) to 5 (severe). The scale is closely linked to the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) which was published a few years later.\r\n\r\nFrom https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_for_the_Assessment_of_Negative_Symptoms",
"alias": "SANS",
"ID(c)": 24263
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a52537c2b",
"name": "Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) is rating scale which a clinician or researcher may use to measure psychiatric symptoms such as depression, anxiety, hallucinations and unusual behaviour.[1] Each symptom is rated 1-7 and depending on the version between a total of 18-24 symptoms are scored. The scale is the one of the oldest, widely used scales to measure psychotic symptoms and was first published in 1962.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brief_Psychiatric_Rating_Scale",
"alias": "BPRS",
"ID(c)": 24264
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a79b55c8b",
"name": "Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale",
"definition_text": "The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Symptom Checklist is a self-reported questionnaire used to assist in the diagnosis of adult ADHD.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_ADHD_Self-Report_Scale",
"alias": "ASRS",
"ID(c)": 24265
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a860a7088",
"name": "Hopkins Symptom Checklist",
"definition_text": "The Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL) is a well-known and widely used screening instrument whose history dates from the 1950s. It was originally designed by Parloff, Kelman, and Frank at Johns Hopkins University. The HSCL-25 is a symptom inventory which measures symptoms of anxiety and depression.\r\n\r\nhttp://hprt-cambridge.org/screening/hopkins-symptom-checklist/",
"alias": "HOPKINS, HSCL",
"ID(c)": 24266
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a8e81b7f4",
"name": "Barratt Impulsiveness Scale",
"definition_text": "The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) is a widely used measure of impulsiveness. It includes 30 items that are scored to yield six first-order factors (attention, motor, self-control, cognitive complexity, perseverance, and cognitive instability impulsiveness) and three second-order factors (attentional, motor, and non-planning impulsiveness).\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barratt_Impulsiveness_Scale",
"alias": "BIS",
"ID(c)": 24267
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a95f66508",
"name": "Dickman Impulsivity Inventory",
"definition_text": "The Dickman Inventory classifies impulsivity into functional and dysfunctional categories. Dysfunctional impulsivity is a type of impulsivity that is associated with a tendency to make quick decisions when this type of decision-making is non-optimal. This differs from functional impulsivity which is a tendency to make quick decisions where this is optimal. As dysfunctional impulsivity is often associated with a failure to consider the consequences of oneâs behavior, it can often lead to life difficulties.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysfunctional_impulsivity",
"alias": "DICK",
"ID(c)": 24268
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6aa62c54f8",
"name": "Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) is a personality test meant to measure normal personality developed by Auke Tellegen in 1982. It is currently sold by the University of Minnesota Press.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multidimensional_Personality_Questionnaire",
"alias": "MPQ",
"ID(c)": 24269
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6ae8f44ac3",
"name": "Eysenck Personality Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "In psychology, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) is a questionnaire to assess the personality traits of a person, with the result sometimes referred to as the Eysenck's personality Inventory or (EPI).\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eysenck_Personality_Questionnaire\r\n\r\nEysenck Personality Questionnaire",
"alias": "EPQ, EPI",
"ID(c)": 24270
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6c80b2c1d6",
"name": "Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory",
"definition_text": "The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is the most widely used and researched standardized psychometric test of adult personality and psychopathology. Psychologists and other mental health professionals use various versions of the MMPI to develop treatment plans; assist with differential diagnosis; help answer legal questions (forensic psychology); screen job candidates during the personnel selection process; or as part of a therapeutic assessment procedure.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota_Multiphasic_Personality_Inventory",
"alias": "MMPI",
"ID(c)": 24271
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6c92db12b0",
"name": "Hypomanic Personality Scale",
"definition_text": "The Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS) was designed to measure a predispositional personality style to bipolar disorder.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25156658",
"alias": "HPS",
"ID(c)": 24272
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c570473d3",
"name": "Chapman Magical Ideation Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses erroneous beliefs that are based in magical thinking (e.g., âI have occasionally had the silly feeling that a TV or radio broadcaster knew I was listening to him.â). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24273
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6cb4f951ea",
"name": "Temperament and Character Inventory",
"definition_text": "The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is an inventory for personality traits devised by Cloninger et al. It is closely related to and an outgrowth of the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), and it has also been related to the dimensions of personality in Zuckerman's alternative five and Eysenck's models and those of the Five Factor Model.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperament_and_Character_Inventory",
"alias": "TCI",
"ID(c)": 24274
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6cffbcb5f7",
"name": "Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms",
"definition_text": "The Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) is a rating scale to measure positive symptoms in schizophrenia. The scale was developed by Nancy Andreasen and was first published in 1984. SAPS is split into 4 domains, and within each domain separate symptoms are rated from 0 (absent) to 5 (severe). The scale is closely linked to the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) which was published a few years earlier.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_for_the_Assessment_of_Positive_Symptoms",
"alias": "SAPS",
"ID(c)": 24275
},
{
"id": "trm_5696a599bfcb6",
"name": "Bickel Titrator",
"definition_text": "A task that adjusts delay across a series of delay discounting trials, while holding the later amounts constant. This determines the Effective Delay 50(ED50), a delay period that results in the smaller immediate reward having the same value as a larger later reward.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24276
},
{
"id": "trm_55c686e0824e8",
"name": "Single item food choice task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects decide for several (snack) foods, sequentially, whether they would like to eat them. In order to make the choices realistic, participants are instructed that one of the trials counts for real and that they actually receive a portion of the snack chosen in that trial at the end of the study session.\r\n\r\nIn every trial, they view one of the study stimuli (3000 ms, choice period) and subsequently indicate with a button press (1500 ms, button press period) whether they want to eat a portion of the snack or not. During the button press period the words âyesâ and ânoâ are shown left/right (randomized) on the screen. After indicating their choice, a yellow box appears around the yes or no. Participants are instructed to make their choice already during the period that the image was shown. To ensure that choices are made in direct response to the food pictures, the button press period was so short that it only allows them to locate whether they have to push the left or right button. The choice trials are interspersed with a random interval (between 2000 and 5000 ms). At the beginning, halfway (after 50 trials) and at the end an additional baseline period of 30 s is included in the task (fixation cross). \r\n\r\nThe visual stimuli consist of 100 pictures of regularly available snack foods on plates with a grey background: 50 high energy (HE) foods (energy content in kcal/100gram: M = 419, SD = 103) and 50 low energy (LE) foods (M = 56, SD = 37). Examples of HE snacks were crisps, cookies, cakes and candies. Examples of LE snacks were grapes, apples, bananas and mixed snack salads. The standardized image set can be downloaded from: http://nutritionalneuroscience.isi.uu.nl/index.php/32\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24277
},
{
"id": "trm_55c691909c580",
"name": "Two item food choice task",
"definition_text": "In this task, subjects decide for a series of binary food choice options which of the two they would like to eat. In populations with weight-concerned and dieting subjects this task is employed to investigate aspects of food-related self-control. It has also been employed in general population and non-dieters (e.g., Charbonnier et al., 2015) in a slightly adapted forms. Here the implementation of Van der Laan (2014) is described. \r\n\r\nIn the food choice task, participants make a total of 100 choices. In every trial, a high energy (HE) (energy content in kcal/100 gram: M = 419, SD = 103) and a low energy (LE) (M = 56, SD = 37) snack are shown side by side. Participants have 3000 ms to indicate which of the two products they would most like to eat a portion of by pushing the left or right but ton of a button box. After indicating their choice, a yellow box appears around the chosen product for 500 ms. The trials are interspersed with a random interval between 2000 and 5000 ms.\r\n\r\nTo investigate response conflict during food choice participants are required to choose between pairs of HE and LE snacks matched such (on the basis of their own tastiness ratings given in the first session) that either a self-control dilemma was posed or not. In half of the trials, LE snacks are combined with HE snacks rated two or three points higher on tastiness (Self-Control required(SC)trials), posing a self-control dilemma concerning the trade-off between immediate eating enjoyment (choosing the appealing HE snack) and weight-watching intentions (choosing the less appealing LE snack). In the other half of the trials, the LE and HE snacks are matched on tastiness (equal or ±1 point in tastiness rating; No Self-Control required (NSC) trials), such that no trade-off between eating enjoyment and weight watching intentions is needed to choose the long-term superior LE snack.\r\n\r\nThe visual stimuli consist of 100 pictures of regularly available snack foods on plates with a grey background: 50 high energy (HE) foods (energy content in kcal/100gram: M = 419, SD = 103) and 50 low energy (LE) foods (M = 56, SD = 37). Examples of HE snacks were crisps, cookies, cakes and candies. Examples of LE snacks were grapes, apples, bananas and mixed snack salads. The standardized image set can be downloaded from: http://nutritionalneuroscience.isi.uu.nl/index.php/32\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24278
},
{
"id": "trm_566745bbf272a",
"name": "task switching (3x2)",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a task cue followed by a colored number (1-9 excluding 5 in orange or blue). The task cue indicates whether to respond to the colored number based on parity (odd-even), magnitude (higher-lower than 5) or color (orange-blue). There are three different tasks, and each task has two task cues that evoke the task action. For example, the task cue could be either parity or odd-even. Both of these task cues indicate that the subject should judge the subsequent colored number based on whether it is an odd or even number. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24279
},
{
"id": "trm_5667476fc14dd",
"name": "Inter-dimensional/Extra-dimensional Shift Task",
"definition_text": "A combination of the intradimensional task and extradimensional task. Subjects are presented with two compound stimuli, each composed of a 'line stimulus" and a "shape stimulus". Thus the stimuli are multi-dimensional, in that they are composed of two separable features (line and shape). There are 8 different âlinesâ, and 8 different âshapesâ. Subjects are told to choose between the two stimuli, and receive feedback on their choices. The correct choice depends upon the current target, where the target can take on any one of the 8 âlinesâ or 8 âshapesâ. The current target shifts after several trials. This allows for an inter-dimensional shift, where the subject learns the new correct target within the same dimension (old target: âline 1â, new target âline 2â) or for an extra-dimensional shift, where the subject learns the new target outside of the old dimension (old target: âline 1â new target: âshape 2â).",
"alias": "IDED, IDED+reversal",
"ID(c)": 24280
},
{
"id": "trm_566747c3d757f",
"name": "Dimensions task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with three three-dimensional (e.g., color, texture, shape) stimuli. Each dimension has three exemplars so all exemplars are on the screen at any time. One dimension (e.g., color) determines reward, and one exemplar in this dimension (e.g. "red") has a higher probability of reward than the others (75% vs. 25%). If rewarded, the subject earns 1 point (the subject is instructed to maximize points). After 15-25 trials the relevant dimension and higher probability feature is switched. This switch is either signaled to the participant (in most versions so far) or not (in one paper).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24281
},
{
"id": "trm_5667483dcc371",
"name": "Probabilistic Selection Task",
"definition_text": "The probabilistic selection task assesses whether participants learn better from positive or negative reinforcement. The subject is instructed to choose between abstract stimuli via key press. The task is composed of two phases. During the first phase, subjects learn to associate 6 abstract visual stimuli with different reward probabilities (e.g., stim 1= 80%, stim 2 = 70%, stim 3= 60%, stim 4= 40%, stim 5 = 30%, stim 6= 20%). In phase 1, the various stimuli are always presented in pairs, where the sum of the two reward probabilities associated with each stimuli equal 100%. For example, stim 1 will always be paired with stim 6 (80%+20%=100%). Subjects eventually learn that for each pair, choosing one stimuli over the other results in more reward (80%>20%). The subject is tested on this association in phase two. During phase two, the subject must decide between novel combinations of stimuli. Each stimuli is presented with the remaining four stimuli that it was not paired with in phase 1. For example, stim1 (80%) can be paired with either stim2(70%), stim3(60%), stim4(40%), or stim5(30%), but not with itself or with the stimuli it was associated with during phase 1, stim6 (20%). Subjects are instructed to win as many points as possible. There is no feedback given during the second phase.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24282
},
{
"id": "trm_5667488d52ccc",
"name": "Angling Risk Task",
"definition_text": "In this task subjects "fish" in rounds trying to accumulate as much money as possible. If they catch a red fish, they earn .05 cents. However, if they catch a blue fish they lose all the money earned on that round. They are able to stop any round at any time to collect that round's earnings into their "tournament bank". There is one blue fish and many red fish. The subjects complete 4 tournaments of 30 rounds each. The tournaments differ in their weather condition: Sunny (subjects can see/know how many red/blue fish are in the pond) and cloudy (subjects cannot see the fish) and release law: catch N Keep (probability of catching a red fish goes down as they are taken out of the pond) and catch N Release (probability stays constant). ",
"alias": "ART",
"ID(c)": 24283
},
{
"id": "trm_566748c929afc",
"name": "Delay Discounting Titration",
"definition_text": "Subjects must choose between sooner but smaller rewards versus larger but later rewards. This task differs from the preceding Kirby Delay Discounting Task in two ways, 1) the smaller reward will not always be immediate and 2) the reward amounts will be chosen randomly from a uniform distribution of a given interval. This allows for the estimation of a subjectsâ discount rate and for the comparison of different model fits of discounting behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24284
},
{
"id": "trm_5667492c555b7",
"name": "Columbia Card Task",
"definition_text": "This task is composed of two conditions: hot and cold, with 27 rounds in each condition. In each round subjects are presented with 32 cards; some are gain cards, some are loss cards. Subjects are told how many points a gain card is worth, how many points a loss card costs, and how many loss cards there are in a round. Each round ends when a loss card is turned. In the cold version subjects choose how many cards they want to turn but don't see the result for the round until the end. In the hot version subjects click and turn each card themselves and sees their earning for that round. In both conditions, subjects see their final score at the end of 27 rounds. ",
"alias": "CCT",
"ID(c)": 24285
},
{
"id": "trm_56674987c8f0c",
"name": "Sternberg Recent Probes",
"definition_text": "Subjects will be asked to remember a training set of 6 stimuli. After a delay interval, subjects are probed with a single stimulus. Via key press, subjects will be instructed to give one response if the probe was part of the training set for that trial and a different response if the probe was not part of the training set for that trial. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24286
},
{
"id": "trm_56674c7c2fa4f",
"name": "Sternberg Directed Forgetting",
"definition_text": "Subjects will be asked to remember 6 letters presented in a 2x3 matrix. Each trial begins with a central fixation point followed by the training set of 6 letters to remember, followed by a retention interval. After the retention interval, subjects are presented with a cue, either TOP or BOT, which instructs the participant to forget the 3 letters presented in the cued location (forget set). The remaining 3 letters consist of the memory set. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24287
},
{
"id": "trm_56674d6aa9faf",
"name": "Dietary Decisions Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects rate 50 items on a five point scale separately for health and for tastiness. A reference item for health and tastiness, rated neutrally previously on both scales, is chosen for each subject. In stage 3 they are first presented with this reference item and told to choose between the other food items and the reference item. Participants are grouped as self-controllers or non-self-controllers depending on whether they choose the items in stage 3 based upon health or taste, respectively. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24288
},
{
"id": "trm_56674e49d15e9",
"name": "Adaptation of marshmellow test",
"definition_text": "Subjects are told that they have 10 minutes to gain as much money as possible by selling tokens and to adopt any strategy that they prefer. Each trial begins with a circular token (green or purple) at the center of the screen. After a random delay, the token turns blue and its value changes from 0 cents to 30 cents. A white progress bar marks the amount of time the current token had been on the screen, with a maximum length corresponding to 100seconds. Participants could sell the token at anytime by pressing a key. Subjects were explicitly instructed that the green and purple tokens might differ in their timing, and to learn the nature of the differences from direct experience. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24289
},
{
"id": "trm_56674f71483b0",
"name": "Holt and Laury Risk Titrator",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a series of paired lottery choices. For example subjects choose between option A that is a lottery that wins $2 with probability 0.1 and $1.6 with probability 0.9 (safe bet) and option B that is a lottery that wins $3.85 with probability 0.1 and $0.1 with probability 0.9 (risky bet). The paired lottery choices are structured so that the crossover point to the high-risk lottery can be used to infer the degree of risk aversion. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24290
},
{
"id": "trm_56675359b663a",
"name": "Cognitive Reflection Test",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with three questions. These questions at first glance are relatively easy and intuitive. However in order to solve the problem correctly, subjects must correctly inhibit the intuitive/impulsive answer.",
"alias": "CRT",
"ID(c)": 24291
},
{
"id": "trm_566db10532583",
"name": "roving somatosensory oddball task",
"definition_text": "A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants must detect the presence of an oddball stimulus. The oddball is a stimulus that occurs infrequently relative to all other stimuli, and has distinct characteristics. For this particular implementation, the trains of stimuli are electrical pulses that between high and low intensity after a variable number of repetitions. For full details see:\r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811915010526",
"alias": "RSOT",
"ID(c)": 24292
},
{
"id": "trm_5696a9cfe45b1",
"name": "letter memory",
"definition_text": "A 45-item forced-choice recognition task that uses consonant letters as stimuli and manipulates face difficulty level along 2 dimensions: number of letters to be remembered and number of choices amongst which the target stimulus must be identified.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24293
},
{
"id": "trm_5696abecf2569",
"name": "DOSPERT ",
"definition_text": "A psychometric scale that assesses risk taking in five content domains: financial decisions (separately for investing versus gambling), health/safety, recreational, ethical, and social decisions. Respondents rate the likelihood that they would engage in domain-specific risky activities (Part I). An optional Part II assesses respondentsâ perceptions of the magnitude of the risks and expected benefits of the activities judged in Part I.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24294
},
{
"id": "trm_5696b180169bd",
"name": "Volatile Bandit",
"definition_text": "A decision maker chooses between two alternatives, both with a fixed unknown rate of reward. The subject is instructed to try to gain as much money as possible across all trials. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24295
},
{
"id": "trm_5696b316c220a",
"name": "Plus-minus",
"definition_text": "A task where subjects are told to add by a number and are subsequently instructed to subtract by that number.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24296
},
{
"id": "trm_5696b61ff253e",
"name": "multi-source interference task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a 3 digit number and are asked to respond which of the digits differ from the other two.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24297
},
{
"id": "trm_5696bb7166121",
"name": "hierarchical rule task",
"definition_text": "subjects must complete a battery of four response-selection tasks that were designed to test progressively higher degrees of hierarchically ordered control",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24298
},
{
"id": "trm_5696bcf1b5c64",
"name": "Tower of London Imagine",
"definition_text": "participants must mentally rearrange a set of three colored balls arranged on pegs, in the fewest possible moves, to match a specified configuration.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24299
},
{
"id": "trm_5696c2c063222",
"name": "Multiplication task",
"definition_text": "On every trial, subjects are presented with two numbers to multiply. They can mentally figure out the answer or use pen and paper, but the method must stay constant.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24300
},
{
"id": "trm_5696c3fa0061a",
"name": "Shift Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with three objects that differ along three dimensions (color, shape, texture). At any trial, the relevant dimension gives a higher probability of reward than the other two. This dimension may shift from trial to trial.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24301
},
{
"id": "trm_5696d061adfb5",
"name": "WRAT-4 Math Computation",
"definition_text": "Math Computation component of the Wide Range Achievement Test 4",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24302
},
{
"id": "trm_5696d0a4902df",
"name": "WRAT-4 Word Reading",
"definition_text": "Word reading component of the Wide Range Achievement Test 4",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24303
},
{
"id": "trm_5696e10fcd36a",
"name": "Penn Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "Vocabulary component of the Penn WebCNP Battery",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24304
},
{
"id": "trm_569989ef8cff4",
"name": "willingness to wait task",
"definition_text": "A task that asks participants to repeatedly decided how long to keep waiting for future monetary rewards (See Fig. 1a in paper link below). On each trial, the participant views a token that has no initial value but matures to a value of $0.30 after a random delay, and the participant can sell the token at any time to start a new trial and (possibly) maximize earnings. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v18/n5/full/nn.3994.html",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24305
},
{
"id": "trm_569d6eef27433",
"name": "gm Paradigm",
"definition_text": "A task that crosses reward-valence associations with a stop-signal task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24306
},
{
"id": "trm_569fc84bd541d",
"name": "Penn Fractal N-Back",
"definition_text": "A measure of attention and working memory. In this task, participants are asked to pay attention to fractal designs displayed on the computer screen, one at a time, and to press the spacebar according to one rule: the 2-back. During the 2-back, the participant must press the spacebar whenever the design on the screen is the same as the one displayed before the previous one (i.e. in the series design A, design B, design A, the participant should press the spacebar on or immediately after the second design A . In all trials, the participant has 2500 ms to press the spacebar. The participant practice the 2-Back rule, in which he/she is allowed to make mistakes and then, when he/she completes all practices successfully, the task will begin.",
"alias": "sFNBx2, FNB2",
"ID(c)": 24307
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2b7c08a279",
"name": "Short Penn Continuous Performance Test-Number and Letter Version",
"definition_text": "A measure of visual attention and vigilance based on the Penn CPT [1]. In this task, a series of red vertical and horizontal lines flash in a digital numeric frame (resembling a digital clock . The task is divided into two types of blocks: one in which the participant must press the spacebar whenever these lines form a complete number, and one in which the participant must press the spacebar whenever these lines form a complete letter. Each block lasts 1.5m. Each stimulus flashes for 300 milliseconds followed by a blank page displayed for 700 milliseconds, giving the participant 1 sec to respond to each trial. The participant practices both types of trials before the task begins.\r\n",
"alias": "sPCPTNL, Short Penn CPT, Short PCPT-nl, Short NumLet-CPT",
"ID(c)": 24308
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a5f8315c5",
"name": "Penn Matrix Reasoning Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of abstraction and mental flexibility. It is a multiple choice task in which the participant must conceptualize spatial, design and numerical relations that range in difficulty from very easy to increasingly complex [2]. During the PMAT, the participant must click with the mouse on the square he/she thinks best fits in the missing square of the pattern. There are three types of patterns made up of 2x2, 3x3 and 1x5 arrangements of squares. Each item has five response choices. Each PMAT form has 24 items and 3 bonus items. There are two forms, PMAT24-A and PMAT24-B. The test is arranged in order of increasing difficulty of items and is discontinued after the participant chooses an incorrect response for any five items. The bonus items are selected based on the participantâs performance. There are two forms, PMAT24-A and PMAT24-B. The test is arranged in order of increasing difficulty of items and is discontinued after the participant chooses an incorrect response for any five items.\r\n",
"alias": "PMAT24-A, PMAT",
"ID(c)": 24309
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a622cdfbd",
"name": "Penn Facial Memory Test Delayed Memory",
"definition_text": "A measure of delayed face memory. In the first part of this test, participants were shown 20 faces that they were asked to identify for immediate recall (CPF . Now, during the delayed recall (CPFd , participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 40 faces: the 20 study stimuli/faces they were asked to memorize and 20 novel faces, all of which are different from the 20 distracters shown during the CPF. The participantsâ task is to decide whether they have seen each face before by clicking one of four buttons, presented in a 4-point scale: âdefinitely yesâ, âprobably yesâ, âprobably noâ and âdefinitely no,â using the mouse. There is one alternate form of the CPFd: the CPFd-b.\r\n",
"alias": "CPFd, Penn Face Memory Test - Delayed, PFMT, CPFd, CPFdelay, RCPFd",
"ID(c)": 24310
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a665baeb1",
"name": "Adult's Penn Word Memory Test Delayed Memory",
"definition_text": "A measure of delayed word memory. In the first part of this test, participants are shown 20 words that they were asked to identify for immediate recall (CPW . Now, during the delayed recall, participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 40 words: the 20 study stimuli they were asked to memorize and 20 novel stimuli, completely different from the 20 distracters showed on the CPW. The participantsâ task is to decide whether they have seen the word before by clicking one of four buttons, presented in a 4-point scale: âdefinitely yesâ, âprobably yesâ, âprobably noâ and âdefinitely no,â using the mouse. There is one alternate form of the CPWd: the CPWd-b.\r\n",
"alias": "CPWd, CPWdelay",
"ID(c)": 24311
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a6ad6edee",
"name": "Penn Visual Object Learning Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of visual object learning and memory. It was designed as a spatial analog of the California Verbal Learning Test. The sVOLT includes only the first set of trials of a series of 7 sets from the full version (VOLT [1]. In the first part of this test, participants are shown 10 threedimensional Euclidean shapes that they will be asked to identify for both immediate and delayed recalls (delayed recall = sVOLTd . During the immediate recall (sVOLT , participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 20 three-dimensional Euclidean shapes - the 10 shapes they were asked to memorize mixed with 10 novel shapes. The participantâs task is to decide whether he/she has seen the shape before by clicking with the mouse on one of four buttons: âDEFINITELY YESâ, âPROBABLY YESâ, "PROBABLY NO" and "DEFINITELY NO". (NOTE: The original sVOLT had only two response choices: âYES I have seen the shapeâ and âNO I have not seen the shape.â . Participants have 20 seconds to select a response before the test moves on to the next trial. There are two forms of the sVOLT: the sVOLT-A and sVOLT-B.\r\n",
"alias": "Short VOLT, VOLT, sVOLT",
"ID(c)": 24312
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a6ce24586",
"name": "Penn Emotion Recognition Task",
"definition_text": "A measure of emotion recognition. Participants are shown a series of 40 faces, one at a time, and asked to determine what emotion the face is showing for each trial. There are 5 answer choices: Happy, Sad, Angry, Scared and No Feeling. Participants respond to each trial by clicking word describing the emotion each faces expresses using the mouse. There are 4 female faces for each emotion (4 x 5 = 20 and 4 male faces for each emotion (4 x 5 = 20 . The children's version (k-ER40 uses the same stimuli as the adult version, but some of the emotion prompts are simplified: Anger => Angry, Fear=>Scared, No Emotion=>No Feeling. There are two forms of the childrenâs version: the k-er40-a and k-er40-b.\r\n",
"alias": "ER40, Children's ER40)",
"ID(c)": 24313
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a74ab3ef6",
"name": "Measured Emotion Differentiation Test",
"definition_text": "Measures the ability to detect emotion intensity. The subject is presented with pairs of faces. The MEDF presents a pair of faces and asks the participant to click the button labeled âThis Faceâ below the face that is showing more emotion (anger, fear, happiness, sadness , or the central button labeled âEqualâ if both faces are showing equal emotion. The stimuli are created using software to morph faces into differing intensities of emotion. For example, a 50 morph will be a 50 morph between a neutral face and the same identity expressing the target emotion. There are 36 trials in total, divided into happy, sad, angry, and fearful faces. Of the 36 trials, 4 show no emotional difference. The remaining 32 trials have emotion differentials in increments of 10 ranging from 10 - 60 , distributed more heavily toward 30 and 40 items. Trials are presented in random order, and the test is a forced-choice task with no time limit per trial. After the subject answers one trial, the test automatically moves to the next trial. Response time is recorded for each trial.\r\n",
"alias": "MEDF36, Measured EMODIFF, Morphed EMODIFF",
"ID(c)": 24314
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a7750ffd0",
"name": "Pennâs Logical Reasoning Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of verbal intellectual ability. It is a short version of the Penn Verbal Reasoning Test (PVRT [1, 2]. It is a multiple-choice task in which the participant must answer age-appropriate verbal analogy problems [2]. The shortPVRT has a total of 8 questions from the regular PVRT, which has 29 questions. The 8 questions were chosen after a statistical analysis of the PVRT, which demonstrated that these 8 questions could predict the scores of the regular 29- questions PVRT. There is a one alternate form for the shortPVRT: the shortPVRT-B.\r\n",
"alias": "sPVRT, Short PVRT, PVRT, shortPVRT",
"ID(c)": 24315
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a8d78dd39",
"name": "Ataxia",
"definition_text": "A measure for balance.\r\n\r\nInstructions:\r\nI want to see how well you can balance doing different things with your feet. I donât want you to fall, however, so if you feel as if you are going to fall, please step off the line and use the wall for support. If at any time you feel that you canât do these balance tests, please tell me and we will stop.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24316
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a98785453",
"name": "Penn Visual Object Learning Test Delayed Memory",
"definition_text": "The delayed memory portion of the sVOLT tasj. \r\n\r\nIn the first part of this test, participants were shown 10 three-dimensional Euclidean shapes that they were asked to identify for immediate recall (sVOLT . Now, during the delayed recall (sVOLTd , participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 20 three-dimensional Euclidean shapes - the 10 shapes they were asked to memorize during the SVOLT mixed with 10 novel shapes. The participantâs task is to decide whether he/she has seen the shape before by clicking with the mouse on one of four buttons: âDEFINITELY YESâ, âPROBABLY YESâ, "PROBABLY NO" and "DEFINITELY NO". (NOTE: The original sVOLT had only two response choices: âYES I have seen the shapeâ and âNO I have not seen the shape.â . Participants have 20 seconds to select a response before the test moves on to the next trial. There are two forms of the sVOLTd: the sVOLTd-A and sVOLTd-B.\r\n",
"alias": "sVOLTd, Short VOLT delay, VOLTd, sVOLTd",
"ID(c)": 24317
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2abffcfae3",
"name": "Penn Motor Praxis",
"definition_text": "A measure of sensorimotor ability. Also, it was designed to familiarize the participant with the computer mouse used during most of the WebCNP tasks. During the MPraxis, the participant needs to move the computer mouse cursor over an ever-shrinking green box and click on it once each time it appears on a different location on the test-page. If participants canât complete the MPraxis, it is likely they wonât be able to complete any other WebCNP task.\r\n",
"alias": "Mpraxis, Mouse Practice",
"ID(c)": 24318
},
{
"id": "trm_56a9123fe580f",
"name": "stimulus selective stop signal task",
"definition_text": "This stop signal paradigm focuses on stimulus selective stopping, in which subjects stop to one signal and ignore another.\r\n\r\nhttp://psycnet.apa.org/journals/xge/143/1/455/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24319
},
{
"id": "trm_56a9137d9dce1",
"name": "behavioral approach/inhibition systems",
"definition_text": "A questoinnaire that gets at motivational that systems underlie behavior. A behavioral approach system (BAS) is believed to regulate appetitive motives, in which the goal is to move toward something desired. A behavioral avoidance (or inhibition) system (BIS) is said to regulate aversive motives, in which the goal is to move away from something unpleasant. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.psy.miami.edu/faculty/ccarver/sclBISBAS.html",
"alias": "BIS/BAS,BIS,BAS,BIS-BAS",
"ID(c)": 24320
},
{
"id": "trm_56a915461cd91",
"name": "brief self control scale",
"definition_text": "A 15-item scale that attempts to measure "good self control" using a likert scale (1-5)\r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15016066 ",
"alias": "BSCS",
"ID(c)": 24321
},
{
"id": "trm_56a915fe77945",
"name": "future time perspective questionnaire",
"definition_text": "This questionnaire assesses an individualsâ perception of how much time they have left to live. Subjects will be presented with 10 items, which they must rate on a scale (1-5) how much they agree with the statement. \r\n\r\nFTP: Carsten-Lang Future Time Perspective Questionnaire (FTP)\r\nhttp://psych.stanford.edu/~lifespan/doc/FTP_English.pdf",
"alias": "FTP",
"ID(c)": 24322
},
{
"id": "trm_56a9166421494",
"name": "duckworth's short grit scale",
"definition_text": "This is a brief self-report and informant-report version of the Grit Scale, which measures trait-level perseverance and passion for long-term goals.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00223890802634290",
"alias": "GRIT-S",
"ID(c)": 24323
},
{
"id": "trm_56a919a478935",
"name": "ten item personality questionnaire",
"definition_text": "This 10-item questionnaire was designed to assess an individualsâ general personality using a reduced version of the Big-Five personality dimensions (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism). Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=strongly disagree, and 7=strongly agree. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092656603000461",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24324
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91a3082c31",
"name": "theories of willpower scale",
"definition_text": "This scale assesses an individualsâ perception on the availability of mental exertion, whether or not it is a limited or unlimited resource. Subjects are presented with 8 items, which they must rate on a scale (1-6) how much they agree with the statement.\r\n\r\nhttp://pss.sagepub.com/content/early/2010/09/28/0956797610384745.full#sec-22",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24325
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91a92043bc",
"name": "UPPS-P Impulsivity Scale",
"definition_text": "The UPPS+P assesses impulsivity across five facets: 1) premeditation, 2) positive urgency, 3) negative urgency, 4) perseverance, and 5) sensation-seeking. Subjects must answer 59 questions (~11 questions each domain). \r\n\r\nhttp://www1.psych.purdue.edu/~dlynam/upps+p.doc",
"alias": "UPPS-P",
"ID(c)": 24326
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91e3e982f9",
"name": "I7 impulsiveness and venturesomeness questionnaire",
"definition_text": "This questionnaire assesses an individualsâ score on impulsivity, venturesomeness, and empathy. Subjects are presented with 54 yes or no questions regarding the three above stated behavioral characteristics.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/019188698590011X",
"alias": "I7, I-7",
"ID(c)": 24327
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91e92eab46",
"name": "zimbardo time perspective inventory",
"definition_text": "A 56-item questionnaire that measures attitude towards time perspective across five domains: past-negative, present-hedonistic, future, past-positive, and present-fatalistic.\r\n\r\nZTPI: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory\r\nhttp://psycnet.apa.org/journals/psp/77/6/1271.pdf",
"alias": "ZTPI",
"ID(c)": 24328
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91ed5f1ccc",
"name": "self regulation questionnaire",
"definition_text": "Subjects will be presented with a 63-item questionnaire answerable through a Likert Scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree). These questions are designed to assess an individuals generalized ability to regulate behavior according to the seven-step model of self-regulation as proposed by Miller & Brown (1991). These seven steps include: receiving, evaluating, triggering, searching, formulating, implanting, and assessment. \r\n\r\n\r\nA Follow-Up Psychometric Analysis of the Self-Regulation Questionnaire\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2431129/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24329
},
{
"id": "trm_56aa9833c4be2",
"name": "treatment self-regulation questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The TSRQ determines the underlying motivational system used by individuals to regulate behavior. According to the Self-Determination theory, motivation ranges from least to most self-determined, starting with 1) amotivation, 2) external, 3) introjected, 4) identified, and 5) integrated and intrinsic. The TSRQ is a 15-item questionnaire, where each item is a reason for changing or engaging in a health behavior. Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=not at all true, and 7=very true. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24330
},
{
"id": "trm_58335e885873f",
"name": "Hidden State Decision Making Task",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants have to direct their attention to either a face or a house within a visual compound stimulus and judge the age of the shown example. Participants are instructed to determine whether to attend to face or house as follows: The category on the first trial of each block is instructed. Then, the category remained the same as long as the ages of the images in that category remained the same. If the age changed between trials, the participant should switch attention to the other category on the following trial. Finally, we told participants that no age comparison was required on the first trial after a switch.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24331
},
{
"id": "trm_56aac5f6e4702",
"name": "Eating questionnaire",
"definition_text": "3 factor eating questionnaire: cognitive restraint (CR), uncontrolled eating (UE), and emotional eating",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24332
},
{
"id": "trm_56ab12e0f1a61",
"name": "Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "Observing \r\nDescribing \r\nActing with Awareness\r\nNon-judging of experience \r\nNon-reactivity to experience ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24333
},
{
"id": "trm_56abcba3df89b",
"name": "Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale",
"definition_text": "Attention to and awareness across several domains of experience in daily life (e.g., cognitive, emotional, physical, and general)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24334
},
{
"id": "trm_56abebfe9aaa3",
"name": "Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale",
"definition_text": "This questionnaire is a list of 34 forced choice questions designed to assess an individualsâ optimal level of stimulation. Sample questions include: I would like to have a job which would require a lot of traveling (choice a) or I would prefer to have a job in one location (choice b).\r\n\r\nFour factors below:\r\nThrill and adventure seeking (TAS)\r\nExperience seeking (ES)\r\nDisinhibition (DIS)\r\nBoredom susceptibility (BS)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24335
},
{
"id": "trm_56ac06bac9334",
"name": "Selection-Optimization-Compensation (SOC) questionnaire ",
"definition_text": "The SOC questionnaire assesses an individualsâ developmental regulation across three processes: 1) Selection, 2) optimization, and 3) compensation. Subjects will be presented with 48 items (3 above + loss-based selection, 12 items each category) in which they must make a choice between an action corresponding to SOC behavior and an answer that is a distractor (reasonable alternative action not corresponding to SOC behavior). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24336
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbe12994926",
"name": "Stanford Leisure-Time Activity Categorical Item",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with 6 statements regarding levels of physical activity. Subjects must read all 6 statements and choose which statement best characterizes their physical behavior.",
"alias": "L-Cat",
"ID(c)": 24337
},
{
"id": "trm_57ebe6583f52d",
"name": "Moral Dilemma Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with vignettes describing either moral dilemmas or non-moral (control) situations. Each vignette is associated with a question requiring a yes/no answer, and the subject responds with a button press.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24338
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbe45003cf7",
"name": "Motor Selective Stop Signal Task",
"definition_text": "Similar to the traditional Stop Signal task except subjects stop to one "stop signal" (e.g., the imperative go stimulus turning blue) but not to another, similar "ignore signal" (e.g., the imperative go stimulus turning orange)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24339
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbea82c12bb",
"name": "Emotion Regulation Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are given the default instruction of viewing a negative image. They have the option to press a button and switch their instructions to "distract" or "reappraise." Electing to press the button and following those instructions will allow subjects to decrease the negative affect they are likely to be experiencing. However, to choose to distract or reappraise, subjects will have to proactively override their (inferior) default state of viewing, which requires monitoring and attention. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24340
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbead1a7ed4",
"name": "Emotion Regulation Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The ERQ is a 10-item questionnaire designed to assess an individualâs strategy for coping with emotions, either reappraisal or suppression. Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=strongly disagree, and 7=strongly agree.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24341
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbee951f161",
"name": "Kirby Delay Discounting Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects must choose between smaller immediate monetary rewards or larger delayed rewards. There are 27 total items divided into three groups depending on the size of the larger reward (small, medium, large).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24342
},
{
"id": "trm_579640ddba2c0",
"name": "Birkbeck Reversible Sentence Comprehension Test",
"definition_text": "participants listen to a sentence and must select from several images the one that correspond to the sentence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24343
},
{
"id": "trm_57964b8a66aed",
"name": "Montreal Cognitive Assessment",
"definition_text": "The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was designed as a rapid screening instrument for mild cognitive dysfunction. It assesses different cognitive domains: attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation. Time to administer the MoCA is approximately 10 minutes. The total possible score is 30 points; a score of 26 or above is considered normal. Participants with 12 years of education or less are awarded an extra point.",
"alias": "MoCA",
"ID(c)": 24344
},
{
"id": "trm_5798c6a933abc",
"name": "word recognition task",
"definition_text": "The participant is presented with a set of words to learn. The words are then presented again, mixed with words that the participant has not seen/heard. The participant must correctly identify the previously presented words.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24345
},
{
"id": "trm_5798cb6027f28",
"name": "following commands",
"definition_text": "The participant is given verbal instructions such as "make a fist" or "point to the ceiling". Execution of the command is scored as correct. The commands may be simple or complex (for example having multiple steps).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24346
},
{
"id": "trm_5798d0fbe2bd1",
"name": "ideational praxis task",
"definition_text": "The participant is given a sheet of paper and a long envelope. The participant is instructed to pretend to send the letter to himself or herself. The participant is told to put the paper into the envelope, seal it, address it to himself or herself, and stamp it. If the participant forgets part of the task, reinstruction is given. Impairment on this item should reflect dysfunction in executing an overlearned task only and not recall difficulty. The five components to this task are 1) fold letter, 2) put letter in envelope, 3) seal envelope, 4) address envelope, 5) put stamp on envelope.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24347
},
{
"id": "trm_5798d2693915d",
"name": "clock drawing task",
"definition_text": "The participant is asked to draw a clock showing a specific time. The task is scored based on the number of features correctly drawn.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24348
},
{
"id": "trm_5798d7ba0197d",
"name": "orientation test",
"definition_text": "The participant is asked questions to test their orientation in time and place. These include questions about the date, day of the week, season, name of current hospital and name of city.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24349
},
{
"id": "trm_5798f5c57048d",
"name": "National Adult Reading Test",
"definition_text": "The NART was specifically designed to provide a means of estimating the premorbid intelligence levels of adult patients suspected of suffering from intellectual deterioration.\r\nThe NART comprises a list of 50 words printed in order of increasing difficulty. The words are relatively short in order to avoid the possible adverse effects of stimulus complexity on the reading of dementing subjects, and they are all 'irregular' with respect to the common rules of pronunciation in order to minimise the possibility of reading by phonemic decoding rather than word recognition.\r\nThe subject reads aloud down the list of words and the number of errors made is recorded. WAIS Verbal, Performance and Full-Scale IQs can be predicted from this reading error score by inserting it into the appropriate formulae.\r\n(Hazel E. Nelson, 1982)",
"alias": "NART",
"ID(c)": 24350
},
{
"id": "trm_5798f94752841",
"name": "NART-R",
"definition_text": "The NART was specifically designed to provide a means of estimating the premorbid intelligence levels of adult patients suspected of suffering from intellectual deterioration.\r\nThe NART-R is a revision of the NART comprising 61 words with irregular pronunciations in North American English. It was standardized on participants from the USA and Canada.",
"alias": "National Adult Reading Test revised for use in North America",
"ID(c)": 24351
},
{
"id": "trm_5798fa39b4315",
"name": "American National Adult Reading Test",
"definition_text": "The NART was specifically designed to provide a means of estimating the premorbid intelligence levels of adult patients suspected of suffering from intellectual deterioration.\r\nThe AMNART was developed for use in the USA. Words particular to British English were replaced and predicted IQ was re-standardised.",
"alias": "AMNART",
"ID(c)": 24352
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0bf6b14b90",
"name": "Eckblad and Chapman's Hypomanic Personality Scale",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24353
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c015b603c",
"name": "Chapman Infrequency Scale",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24354
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c146e0019",
"name": "Chapman Perceptual Aberration Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses psychotic-like experiences such as bodily discontinuities and unusual scenery experiences (e.g., âI have felt that something outside my body was a part of my bodyâ). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24355
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c186b07d4",
"name": "Chapman Social Anhedonia Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses deficits in the ability to experience pleasure from non physical stimuli such as other people, talking, exchanging expressions of feelings (e.g., âA car ride is much more enjoyable if someone is with me.â). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24356
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c1af018a5",
"name": "Chapman Physical Anhedonia Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses a self-reported deficit in the ability to experience pleasure from typically pleasurable physical stimuli such as food, sex, and settings e.g., âBeautiful scenery has been a great delight to me.â). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24357
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c34e61fdf",
"name": "Continuous Performance Task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "CPT",
"ID(c)": 24358
},
{
"id": "trm_5845a809e30d5",
"name": "False Belief task",
"definition_text": "In the 'false belief' condition of this task, subjects read a short vignette about a character, and then are asked to respond with 'True' or 'False' to a question that requires inferring the character's beliefs. A sample false-belief trial might be:\r\n\r\nVIGNETTE: The Garcia family goes to a Red Sox baseball game. They leave early, when the Red Sox are up 5-1, and take the train home. While they are on the train, the game finishes with the Red Sox down 5-6. \r\nTRUE/FALSE QUESTION: When the Garcia family get off the train, they believe that the Red Sox have lost the game.\r\n\r\nIn the control or 'photo' condition, subjects read a short vignette about an image, and then are asked to respond with 'True' or 'False' to a question that requires inferring the nature of the image. A sample photo trial might be:\r\n\r\nVIGNETTE: In 1856, when a painter depicted the river in an oil painting that now hangs in the Metropolitan Museum, many trees grew along the riverbank. In 1913, the trees were cut down and replaced with bushes.\r\nTRUE/FALSE QUESTION: In the painting, there are bushes lining the riverbank.\r\n\r\nIn fMRI paradigms, the contrast 'false belief' > 'photo' is used to isolate neural activation associated with Theory of Mind.",
"alias": "FB",
"ID(c)": 24359
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd45d1bd21",
"name": "vertical checkerboard",
"definition_text": "The subject views a flashing checkerboard with a vertical elongated shape. As a simplified retinotopic mapping procedure., this provides a rough definition of the boundary between some visual areas, e.g. V1 and V2. This is often contrasted with horizontal checkerboards.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24360
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd4fd8754a",
"name": "horizontal checkerboard",
"definition_text": "The subject views a flashing checkerboard with a horizontal elongated shape. As a simplified retinotopic mapping procedure, this provides a rough definition of the boundary between some visual areas, e.g. V2 and V3. This is often used in conjunction and contrasted with vertical checkerboards. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24361
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd8a2c77ca",
"name": "hand side recognition",
"definition_text": "State whether a given hand image is a palm or back image",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24362
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd907e4fc6",
"name": "hand chirality recognition",
"definition_text": "State whether a hand image is a left or right hand image.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24363
},
{
"id": "trm_5873cd1c9d4c4",
"name": "standard localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "\tFunctional localizer to map various large-scale functional cognitive networks. These are the various contrasts obtained by opposing the simple tasks as defined in [Pinel 2007 "Fast reproducible identification and large-scale databasing of individual functional cognitive networks"]. This standard localizer is a simple and fast acquisition procedure based on a 5-minute functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence that can be run as easily and as systematically as an anatomical scan. This protocol captures the cerebral bases of auditory and visual perception, motor actions, reading, language comprehension and mental calculation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24364
},
{
"id": "trm_5873ce8e77d1d",
"name": "spatial localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task examined cognitive functions involved on spatial mapping. The paradigm consisted in four categories of blocks. Each block was formed by a set of short events, in which visual instructions related to one or two conditions of the same kind were displayed. These four categories of blocks were characterized as follows: \r\n(1) saccade, in which ocular movements were performed according to the displacement of a fixation cross from the center towards peripheral points in the image displayed; \r\n(2) mimicry of object grasping with right hand, in which the corresponding object was displayed on the screen; \r\n(3) mimic orientation of rhombus, displayed as image background on the screen\r\nTasks of conditions (2) and (3) were featured by the same visual stimuli in order to capture grasping-specific activity, using\r\nright hand along with fingers; \r\n(4) mental judgement on the left-right direction of a hand displayed as visual stimulus; and\r\n(5) mental judgement on the palmar-dorsal direction of a hand displayed as visual stimulus. \r\nThe first three aforementioned conditions contained one active condition. In contrast, the forth and fifth blocks included two active conditions, referring each one to the relative directions of the hand represented.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24365
},
{
"id": "trm_5873d014bcfc8",
"name": "Social localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task tackles cognitive functions implicated on social cognition, namely mental abilities linked to the *theory of mind* or social interplay. There are three categories of blocks constituted by a set of events related to specific conditions. Each block integrates two conditions of the same kind. They can be described as follows: \r\n1. mechanistic audio: interpret short stories (presented as auditory stimuli) through mental reply (no active response was involved), featuring a cause-consequence plot;\r\n2. mechanistic video: interpret short stories (presented as visual stimuli) through mental reply (no active response was\r\n involved), featuring a cause-consequence plot;\r\n3 triangle mental: watch short movies of triangles, which\r\n exhibit a putative movement;\r\n4 triangle random: watch short movies of triangles, which\r\n exhibit a random movement;\r\n5 false belief audio: interpret short stories (presented as auditory stimuli) through mental reply (no active response was involved), featuring a false-belief plot;\r\n6 false belief video: interpret short stories (presented as visual stimuli) through mental reply (no active response was involved), featuring a false-belief plot;\r\n7 speech sound: listen passively to short samples of human voices;\r\n8 non speech sound: listen passively to short samples of natural sounds.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24366
},
{
"id": "trm_5873d0be34b8f",
"name": "emotional localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This is an emotional paradigm that include facial judgements of gender, trustworthiness and expression based on face photographs or photographs reduced to the eyes. More precisely, the following conditions were presented:\r\n1 face gender: gender evaluation of the presented human faces;\r\n2 face control: mental assessment on the slope of a gray-scale grid image that may be tilted or not;\r\n3 face trusty: trustworthy evaluation of the presented human faces;\r\n4 expression intention: trustworthy evaluation of the presented human eye images;\r\n5 expression gender: gender evaluation of the presented human eye images;\r\n6 expression control: mental assessment on the slope of a gray-scale grid image that may be tilted or not.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24367
},
{
"id": "trm_5873e2469dd0d",
"name": "synatcting and semantic fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This is a language mapping task designed for fMRI, in which subjects are presented sequences of 10-items in rapid serial visual presentation. These sequences can be\r\n1. A sentence with complex syntactic structure\r\n2. A sentence with simple syntactic structure\r\n3. A list of words\r\n4. A sentence of jabberwocky\r\n5. A list of pseudo-words (from the same distribution as jabberwocky)\r\n6. Consonant strings\r\nA probe is then presented and the subject has to respond whether it was one of 10 items of the previously presented sequence.\r\nEach trial lasts 10 seconds.\r\nContrasts between these conditions can be used to probe syntactic-specific or semantic-specific responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24368
},
{
"id": "trm_5879199fde201",
"name": "body image self-reflection task",
"definition_text": "Participants view images of virtual models dressed in underclothing or swimwear. Upon viewing each image, they are instructed to 'Imagine that someone is comparing your body to the body of the woman/man you see in the picture. That is, imagine someone is saying "your body looks like hers/his."' Participants view images from their own sex only.\r\n\r\nFor more details, see: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886910000735",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24369
},
{
"id": "trm_5887c029d46f4",
"name": "Gustatory stimulation with liquid tastes or flavors ",
"definition_text": "In this task, liquid flavors or tastes are orally presented in quantities of one to several milliliters. Oral stimuli are presented by using a gusto-meter consisting of a pump mechanism, tubes and a mouthpiece attached to the MRI head coil. Usually, visual and/or auditory cues are used to provide instructions and/or cues to participants. These may include but are not limited to when to expect oral stimulation and when to swallow. Trials usually last up to 30 seconds and include an oral stimulus of interest, a behavioral response from the participant, and a rinsing procedure to rinse the palate. \r\n\r\nReferences:\r\nSee e.g.,\r\nDalenberg, J. R., Hoogeveen, H. R., Renken, R. J., Langers, D. R. M., & ter Horst, G. J. (2015). Functional specialization of the male insula during taste perception. NeuroImage, 119, 210â220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.062\r\nMarciani, L., Pfeiffer, J. C., Hort, J., Head, K., Bush, D., Taylor, A. J., ⦠Gowland, P. A. (2006). Improved methods for fMRI studies of combined taste and aroma stimuli. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 158, 186â194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.05.035\r\nVeldhuizen, M. G., Bender, G., Constable, R. T., & Small, D. M. (2007). Trying to detect taste in a tasteless solution: modulation of early gustatory cortex by attention to taste. Chemical Senses, 32(6), 569â81. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjm025\r\n",
"alias": "Taste stimulation, Flavor stimulation",
"ID(c)": 24370
},
{
"id": "trm_58a5d31f5c72d",
"name": "Biological Motion Perception (Passive Viewing) Paradigm",
"definition_text": "Participants passively view point-light displays of either coherent human biological motion or scrambled versions of those same displays.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24371
},
{
"id": "trm_58ab8a6131c5a",
"name": "route learning",
"definition_text": "Subjects study sets of real-world routes. For each subject, the set of routes includes (a) pairs that share a common path before diverging to terminate at distinct destinations (âoverlapping routesâ) and (b) pairs with no paths in common (ânon-overlapping routesâ) Importantly, each route contributes to both conditions. For example, âroute 1â and âroute 2â are overlapping routes, but âroute 1â and âroute 3â are non-overlapping routes. Each route contains an initial segment that is shared with another route , and a later segment, including the destination, that is route-specific. Although the real-world spatial locations of the overlapping segments are identical, the pictures for each route are taken at different times and therefore differ subtly in terms of pedestrians, vehicles, etc. Routes are studied twice per round for 14 rounds. Subjects are instructed to learn each route (i.e., the specific path to each destination) but are not told the destination at the start of the route. After each study round, subjects are shown individual pictures drawn from the routes and are asked to select the destination associated with each picture. Of central interest is accuracy for pictures drawn from Segment 1 of each route because selecting the correct destination for these pictures requires discriminating between overlapping routes. \r\n\r\nFor more details, see: http://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/01/10/099226",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24372
},
{
"id": "trm_58c80c3376c95",
"name": "Social Norm Processing Task",
"definition_text": "The revised Social Norm Processing Task (SNPT-R) is a paradigm enabling the study of behavioral and neural responses to intended and unintended social norm violations, among both adults and adolescence (Bas-Hoogendam et al., under review). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24373
},
{
"id": "trm_59668f09db813",
"name": "Yellow Light Game",
"definition_text": "The Yellow Light Game (YLG) is a computerized driving simulation task that was modified from the Stoplight Task (Gardner & Steinberg, 2005; Chein et al., 2011). Similar to the Stoplight Task, each run in the YLG involves participants driving on a straight road with 20 intersections, each controlled by a traffic light. Participants are instructed that the goal of the game is to get the fastest time. At each intersection, when the traffic light turns yellow, participants choose to either continue through the intersection (Go decision), or to stop the car (Stop decision); they are not able to accelerate or steer. Participants are instructed that Go decisions would result in the fastest time, unless another car is present on the cross street, in which case the participant would crash. Crashes double the time spent at an intersection compared to if the participant had decided to stop. Therefore, Go decisions are considered âriskyâ, whereas Stop decisions are considered âsafeâ. Upon completion of a run, participants are presented with their completion time and the number of crashes during that run.\r\n\r\nA unique feature of the YLG is that there are three different types of intersections, which vary based on the timing of yellow light onset and the presence or absence of a car on the cross street. Some intersections have a 75% probability of crashing, others have a 25% probability of crashing, and the remaining intersections have a 50% probability of crashing. To prevent the task from promoting risk taking overall, the cumulative probability of crashing is set to 50% (i.e., 10 out of the 20 intersections have cars approaching on the cross street, resulting in a crash if the participant made a Go decision). This task feature is not explicitly communicated to participants, although participants have the opportunity to implicitly learn this information based on the differential timing of the yellow light onsets associated with each type of intersection. That is, intersections at which the light turns yellow earlier (i.e., when the participant was further away from the intersection) signal a greater crash probability. By including the different types of intersections, we are able to distinguish between adaptive and maladaptive risk taking, without promoting risk taking overall, as the cumulative probability of crashing is 50%. For more information about and access to the task, please visit: https://dsn.uoregon.edu/research/yellow-light-game/. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24374
},
{
"id": "trm_597249e1ec9d3",
"name": "network traversal task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a sequence of stimuli whose order is determined by a walk (e.g., Random, Eulerian, Hamiltonian) over an underlying network.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24375
},
{
"id": "trm_5975f939336c0",
"name": "motorphotic",
"definition_text": "This task is intended to stimulate both primary visual and motor cortices.\r\nDuring this task, subjects are instructed to tap their fingers (right-hand, left-hand or bilateral) on a visual cue, in the form of a black-and-white, flashing checkerboard, that appears on the screen. A fixation cross may also appear at the center of the screen to help subjects maintain their gaze.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24376
},
{
"id": "trm_59cd03eeeab30",
"name": "Fictitious event ordering",
"definition_text": "The participant has to judge which one from two events taken from a fictitious story took place first. \r\nFor this, the participant, need to be aware of the story.\r\nThis task probes mental Time Travel abilities.\r\n\r\nA variant of this task consists in ordering the events in space (North/south, East/West). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24377
},
{
"id": "trm_59ed1f7a0ac9c",
"name": "episodic recombination paradigm",
"definition_text": "The episodic recombination paradigm (Addis et al., 2009) was designed to study episodic simulations (remembering past events, or imagining novel future events). In this paradigm, participants first provide a set of autobiographical memories, each comprised of a set of details, e.g., a person, place, and object. They later return for a separate session in which they are cued to recall some of these episodes. For the imagination trials, details concerning person, place, and object are experimentally recombined across events, and participants are asked to imagine an event that might occur in the future involving the recombined set of details. Participants press a button once they have constructed the past or future event and after that continue to simulate the event, generating as much detail as possible. This is typically followed by ratings of phenomenological characteristics of the simulated events, e.g., detail or difficulty. \r\n\r\n(description adapted from Addis et al., 2010)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24378
},
{
"id": "tsk_BuPIiFcjBo2aX",
"name": "Generalization of Instrumental Avoidance Task",
"definition_text": "Active avoidance paradigm, probing choice behaviour (avoidance or \r\nnon-avoidance) in the face of stimuli associated with an aversive \r\nreinforcer (e.g. painful electric shock; CS+s), stimuli associated with \r\nthe ommission of the aversive reinforcer (CS-), and, additionally, \r\ngeneralization stimuli (GSs), that are individually generated for each \r\nparticipant to be 75% reliably distinguishable from adjacent CS+s (on \r\nthe basis of a previous perceptual task), and that are not associated \r\nwith administration of the aversive reinforcer. On each trial, one \r\nstimulus is presented, and the participant must decide whether to make \r\nan avoidance response (press a key), or remain and face the consequences \r\nof that stimulus. Critically, making an avoidance response is associated \r\nwith a small cost (e.g. one additional aversive reinforcer administered \r\nat the end of each block for every 5 avoidance responses made during \r\nthat block, with total responses per block recorded on a counter at the \r\nbottom of the screen). The optimal strategy (in order to minimise number \r\nof aversive reinforcers received) is therefore to make an avoidance \r\nresponse if the stimulus is a CS+, but not otherwise (participants must \r\nlearn the identity of each stimulus through trial and error). \r\nGeneralization of instrumental avoidance is operationalized as avoidance \r\nresponses made on GS+ trials.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 41576
},
{
"id": "tsk_nzi0bkdoO8a23",
"name": "error awareness task",
"definition_text": "The EAT is a modified Go/No-Go response inhibition paradigm providing behavioral and neural indices of both error awareness and inhibitory control. Participants are shown color words (e.g., red, blue, green) printed in congruent or incongruent fonts (as in a Stroop task) such that most stimuli are congruent (80%; e.g., the word “BLUE” in blue font). Congruent stimuli are Go trials requiring a button-press response (eg., button 1). In contrast, participants are to withhold button-presses when either the same color word is repeated on two successive trials (No-Go Rule-1) or an incongruent stimulus is presented (e.g., the word “BLUE” in red font; No-Go Rule-2). Continuously monitoring both No-Go rules is difficult and participants are predisposed to monitor for REPEAT (Rule-1) more so than INCONGRUENT trials (Rule-2). This leads to a sufficient number of errors (~45%), a portion of which remain undetected by participants (~10-20%). The task begins with words presented for 900ms followed by a 600ms inter-stimulus interval (ISI). To equate task performance across groups and maintain overall errors at ~45%, task difficulty dynamically adapts based on individual performance by varying the stimulus presentation and ISI durations. Participants indicate “error awareness” by pressing a separate 'error signaling button' (e.g., button 2) on the trial following a commission error.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 42594
},
{
"id": "tsk_ec4xbqynlG1uR",
"name": "Social influence on emotion task",
"definition_text": "This task assesses how participants emotion ratings can be influenced by others. In the first session, participants are presented with images of people in negative contexts. They are asked to imagine that they are the person in the picture and indicate, on a scale from 1 (Neutral) to 10 (Very Negative), how they feel. This part of the task is self-paced. Approximately one week later, participants come back to the lab and are shown how other people (for example, ingroup and outgroup members) rated the same images (sometimes no group feedback is presented). After each feedback presentation, participants are asked to rate the images once more. In reality, group ratings are experimentally manipulated based on the participants’ initial ratings during the behavioral session. Participants are shown ratings that are higher (+2, +3, +4) and lower (-2, -3, -4) than their initial scores with an equal distribution of higher/lower scores.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44621
},
{
"id": "tsk_PNUOMlNOAajsT",
"name": "letter matching task",
"definition_text": "Subjects must compare pairs of letters regarding exact physical identity, name identity, or categorical identity by pressing one of two response keys. These three different instructions require increasing depth of processing stimulus information which is reflected by differences in response latency. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44651
},
{
"id": "tsk_o32s7ULZu8ATo",
"name": "Hidden Path Learning Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects must find a pathway within a grid from a cell A to a cell B. Typically, the path starts in the upper left corner and end in the lower right corner. After successfully exploring a grid by trial and error, the task repeats with the same hidden path and subjects have to reconstruct the previously explored path. The task is considered to have a a strong learning and planning component and as such measures executive functions.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44656
},
{
"id": "tsk_eDRFWNl1ktVsf",
"name": "Compensatory Tracking Task",
"definition_text": "A compensatory tracking task is a task that assesses eye–hand coordination, in which a user is operating a display that has an indicator and a zero point using a joystick, computer mouse, trackball, or other controlling device. The user must try to keep the indicator within the zero point while the indicator is being acted upon by outside forces.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44658
},
{
"id": "tsk_GdteOhkqZJLYg",
"name": "Pursuit Tracking Task",
"definition_text": "A pursuit tracking task is a task that assesses eye–hand coordination, in which a user is operating a display that has an indicator controlled by a computer mouse, trackball, or other controlling device. The user must try to keep the indicator on a moving trail or road with or without preview. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44661
},
{
"id": "tsk_zaClbCwuCeWt2",
"name": "Continuous Tapping Task",
"definition_text": "In a continuous tapping task, subjects must tap as quick as possible one key for a one minute test period. You can introduce different treatments by instruction, e.g. comfortable speed vs max speed, dominant vs non-dominant hand",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44663
},
{
"id": "tsk_xFpgex9zOvlOu",
"name": "Non-instrumental information seeking task",
"definition_text": "In this task, participant play lotteries with gain and loss blocks. On gain trials they either win $1 or $0. On loss trials they either lose $1 or $0. The probability of winning or losing varies from trial to trial from 0.1 to 0.9 and is explicitly displayed in the form of a pie chart. The participants' task is to indicate whether they would like to reveal the outcome of the lottery or not, by selecting between two offers, each representing a different probability of having the outcome revealed. Whether they receive information about the outcome of the lottery or not is non-instrumental because the outcome of all lotteries are added to the participant's final payment, regardless of whether information was obtained. Therefore, information about the outcome of each lottery had no bearing on participants' actual earnings.\r\nAfter selecting the offer (high or low probability of receiving information), participants are presented with a green knowledge cue, indicating that the outcome of the lottery is about to be shown to them ('WIN', 'ZERO' or 'LOSS'), or with a red ignorance cue, indicating that a non-informative outcome cue would follow ('XXXX'). Color associations are counterbalanced across participants.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44665
},
{
"id": "tsk_ZMTNk4Oce5b2j",
"name": "Remote Associates Test",
"definition_text": "Originally developed by Mednick (Mednick SA. 1968. Remote associates test. J Creat Behav.<br>2:213–214), the Remote Associates Test (RAT) asks examinees to look at 3 words, which are not obviously related by a single concept, and generate a 4th word that is related to all 3. An example: putting, bean, envy are the stimulus words, and a correct answer is \"green\".<br><br>From Wikipedia: <br>The Remote Associates Test (RAT) is a creativity test used to determine a human's creative potential. The test typically lasts forty minutes and consists of thirty to forty questions each of which consists of three common stimulus words that appear to be unrelated. The person being tested must think of a fourth word that is somehow related to each of the first three words.[1] Scores are calculated based on the number of correct questions.<br><br>",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44667
},
{
"id": "tsk_zcuAj6VrsFmfV",
"name": "Reciprocal Artwork Evaluation Task",
"definition_text": "This task is to measure how a participant's evaluation about a current partner's artwork is biased by the social feedback (regarding one's won artwork) from the current partner and previous partners. This task is for measuring self-protective motivation when receiving constant social evaluations. See Yoon et al (2018) https://rdcu.be/35Tm",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44669
},
{
"id": "tsk_VokAidevRX1Vs",
"name": "prospective sequential decision making task",
"definition_text": "Decision making task in which participants compare an offer with a set of alternatives with varying values and probabilities. Participants are given variable 'search horizons' i.e. attempts to get a new offer from the set of alternatives. In order to make optimal decisions participants need to reason prospectively, i.e. take into account future states. In other words, they need to plan a potential sequence of decisions. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 45678
},
{
"id": "tsk_rjSJbUa5Jk2Mb",
"name": "Food viewing (passive)",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects view food images without specific instructions on image evaluation. Measures visual food cue reactivity.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 47681
},
{
"id": "tsk_mFS3uwUMAhXxe",
"name": "Memory encoding task",
"definition_text": "A memory encoding task measures memory encoding mechanisms via multiple sensory modalities.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 47691
},
{
"id": "tsk_29IL64WzhiO9u",
"name": "Self evaluation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants evaluate how well several short trait descriptions fit the self.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 48696
},
{
"id": "tsk_i6bcjHSADB30O",
"name": "Other evaluation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants evaluate how well several short trait descriptions fit known or unknown others.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 48697
},
{
"id": "tsk_Ncknr0soiM4IV",
"name": "social decision-making task",
"definition_text": "Social decision-making tasks comprise alternative forced choice tasks in which participants make decisions that are relevant for themselves as well as at least one other person. These decisions can be of any nature (most commonly monetary or dietary).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 51722
},
{
"id": "tsk_d9vPgovlo7aJU",
"name": "risky decision-making under social influence",
"definition_text": "In this task, individuals are asked to make choices between two Holt and Laury style (10.1257/000282802762024700) gamble options, both alone and after viewing the choices made by two other players. For more details about the task, see: 10.1038/nn.4022.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 53733
},
{
"id": "tsk_xxVr20Bf4zyme",
"name": "Mental time travel task",
"definition_text": "Mental time and space judgment involved in allocentric mapping implemented in narratives.\r\nAssuming that a time judgement is preeformed, this assesses chronestesia.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55768
},
{
"id": "tsk_Jb7hdmvDY3rLV",
"name": "pleasantness rating task",
"definition_text": "Task assessing the decision-making of potentially rewarding outcomes ( aka positive-incentive value) as well as the level of confidence of such type of action.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55770
},
{
"id": "tsk_wiCMUNujvVRCR",
"name": "Enumeration task",
"definition_text": "The task consists in concurrently processing of a variable number of items, irrespective of their location, orientation or other features.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55771
},
{
"id": "tsk_1eLUszKc87tI1",
"name": "Visual short term memory task",
"definition_text": "Task involving concurrently processing of a variable number of items, while requiring high-encoding precision of items due to their multiple features, like location and orientation.\r\n",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55772
},
{
"id": "tsk_vbkfbu486lzDr",
"name": "Pain-matrix narrative localizer",
"definition_text": "Participants are presented with stories that portray characters suffering from emotional pain or physical pain.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55773
},
{
"id": "tsk_jbg1oF4D9OTkO",
"name": "movie watching task",
"definition_text": "The task relies on watching ---viewing and listening--- of a movie.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55774
},
{
"id": "tsk_wmFvpdB0Y6UYl",
"name": "Donation task",
"definition_text": "Donation Task inspired by Dictator Game, developed by van de Groep et al. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56775
},
{
"id": "tsk_zMlmDcfxjld0K",
"name": "point subtraction aggression paradigm",
"definition_text": "The point subtraction aggression paradigm (PSAP) is a paradigm aimed to measure reactive aggression in humans",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56777
},
{
"id": "tsk_02fiuOOFboHmh",
"name": "facial expression observation",
"definition_text": "Passive observation of another person's facial expression",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56782
},
{
"id": "tsk_4HuWbAQzF0tgZ",
"name": "facial expression of emotion",
"definition_text": "faciallly express ones current affective state to another person",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56784
},
{
"id": "tsk_n4koOyLJMyobG",
"name": "task-set learning",
"definition_text": "Task designed by Anne Collins and Etienne Koechlin for task-set learning.\r\n\r\nReasoning, learning, and creativity: frontal lobe function and human decision-making\r\nCollins A, Koechlin E (2012)\r\nPLoS Biology",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56785
},
{
"id": "tsk_GxjZBNiJorj1K",
"name": "P300 BCI",
"definition_text": "P300-based brain-computer interface is a BCI paradigm relying on the online classification of event-related potentials. The user is required to attend specific target stimuli that are considered important and to ignore other, more frequent stimuli. The target stimuli elicit large P300 response that can easily be classified from epoched EEG. P300 BCI can rely almost on any type of stimuli, that are capable to evoke discernable ERPs - visual, tactile, auditory, etc. P300 BCI paradigm can be adopted for the gamification of ERP studies, as well as for communication in disabled patients.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57797
},
{
"id": "tsk_xQrUFIhZsBUFE",
"name": "Facial Expression Display Task",
"definition_text": "Participants are instructed to display a facial expression corresponding to a category (e.g., Anger, Joy, Disgust).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57810
},
{
"id": "tsk_JaF5u33GgYRT3",
"name": "Facial Expression Observing Task",
"definition_text": "Participants are instructed to observe a video presenting a facial expression corresponding to a specific category (e.g., Anger, Joy, Disgust).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57812
},
{
"id": "tsk_r8koF3we48jcA",
"name": "correlated bandits",
"definition_text": "In each trial, subjects view one of two stimuli, and need to make a binary decision about the outcome that will follow this stimulus. The outcome probabilities associated with each stimulus are correlated: when the outcome probability of one stimulus switches, the outcome probability of the other stimulus switches too. Hence, you can learn from outcomes on one stimulus about the other stimulus. \r\n\r\nVariants of the task can include a third, control stimulus, with an independent outcome probability. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57813
},
{
"id": "tsk_KVUZHlsv8pesh",
"name": "Language Rule Learning",
"definition_text": "An artificial language counting twenty-eight bi-syllabic (consonant-vowel-consonant-vowel) nonsense words each was created. The twenty-eight words were synthesized using Mbrola speech synthesizer software by concatenating diphones from the Spanish male database (http://tcts.fpms.ac.be/synthesis/) at 16 KHz. Words (385 ms), were combined using Adobe Audition® software to form three-word phrases with 100 ms gaps between word. Phrase stimuli were presented via Presentation® software (Neurobehavioral Systems) through appropriate headphones and at a volume level adjusted for the participant.\r\nA total of 96 rule and 96 no-rule phrases (trials) were used in this task. Rule phrases conformed to an AXC structure whereby the initial word (A) always predicted the final word (C), while the middle word (X) was variable. Two different A_C dependencies (A1_C1 and A2_C2) were created out of 4 words from the total word pool. The remaining 24 served as middle (X) elements for each of the two A_C dependencies. The transitional probability was always 1 between A and C elements, 0.04 between A and X, and 0.5 between X and C. Half of the no-rule trials consisted in the combination of 3 of the 24 X elements and so took the form XXX, with the only constraints that each X had an equal probability to appear in each position but could never appear twice in the same phrase. The other half of the no-rule trials consisted of the combination of two XX elements (following the same constraints as for XXX) followed by the participant’s target word (C1 or C2). The probability of target occurrence in both the rule and the no-rule blocks was therefore 50%. Note that in the set of no-rule trials, the C element (the participant’s target) occurred also in the last position but, in contrast to the rule block, this could not be predicted on the basis of previous elements. \r\nParticipants were presented with the randomized 96 rule and 96 no-rule phrases in four alternated rule and no-rule blocks, with the order of blocks counterbalanced between participants. In the fMRI version of the task, data was acquired in two runs, including a block of rule and no-rule each (counterbalanced). A short break was given between runs in the fMRI. A single offline recognition test was issued after the fourth block . In order to obtain a measure of incidental rule-learning, participants performed a cover word-monitoring task. Specifically, they were instructed to detect, as fast and accurately as possible via a button press, the presence or absence of a given target word, which was always one of the C elements (C1 or C2, counterbalanced). A given target word remained constant for each participant throughout the experiment and was displayed in the middle of the screen at all times for reference during the blocks. Participants were not informed about the presence of rules. Inter-trial interval was jittered, using pseudo-random values between 1000 and 3000 ms for optimal fMRI acquisition, and fixed at 500 ms in the remaining phases. A maximum of 1000 ms after the end of a given phrase was allowed for participants to respond before the next trial started. Reaction times (RTs) were calculated from the onset the last word in the phrase until button press. Performance in interleaved rule and no-rule blocks was jointly analyzed by concatenating blocks of a same kind. Only correct response trials with RTs within mean ± 2sd were included for the analysis .\r\n\r\nWe reasoned that if incidental rule-learning occurs over exposure in the rule block, participants’ gradual ability to predict the appearance or non-appearance of a target word Cj on the basis of the identity of the initial word Aj should be reflected in a RT gain (i.e., faster RTs) over trials within the blocks. We also expected an overall RT advantage over target words in the no-rule blocks (rule effect), where prediction is possible (no prediction can be made during no-rule blocks). Participants’ rule effect for the different parts/sessions was calculated as the mean RT difference between no-rule and rule trials. \r\n",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57815
},
{
"id": "tsk_lihqGPC9Y8ge0",
"name": "Thirst perception",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects view blocks of beverage and non-beverage images, and rate their perceived thirst after each block.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57816
},
{
"id": "tsk_wPIAFIkSlX3Tm",
"name": "risky lotteries task",
"definition_text": "Subjects choose between two lotteries (first published by Bruhin, Fehr‐Duda, & Epper (2010). Risk and Rationality: Uncovering Heterogeneity in Probability Distortion. Econometrica 78(4), 1375–1412, DOI: 10.3982/ECTA7139). Each lottery can yield one of two monetary outcomes (all positive outcomes, no losses). The range of magnitudes of the outcomes is {0,50}, the range of probabilities for each outcome {0,1}. Each lottery is displayed as a pie chart with the outcomes' probabilities represented by a shaded area of the pie and the magnitude displayed as a number in the respective area of the pie. Subjects are assumed to choose mostly the lottery with the higher subjective value. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57818
},
{
"id": "tsk_QM81yNuuioVho",
"name": "value-based decision making",
"definition_text": "Participants were instructed to imagine a realistic situation where they have the option to enact a specific behavior, and then to make a decision indicating their preference. provided",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57837
},
{
"id": "tsk_3KF7rOdrBGivs",
"name": "Internal menu choice task",
"definition_text": "This experimental paradigm consists of three different tasks (conditions): (1) Internal menu choice task, requiring subjects to name a most preferred item in a given category (e.g. fruits) without a menu; (2) External menu choice task, requiring subjects to choose a most preferred item in a given category (e.g. fruits) from a pre-defined menu; and (3) Semantic fluency task, requiring subjects to name as many examples as they can from a given category (e.g. fruits).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57839
},
{
"id": "tsk_iSDZtD6pTyB2c",
"name": "center of mass approximation",
"definition_text": "The perception of the center of an object's distribution of matter, dependent on factors such as the geometry of the object, the perceived distribution of its density, and its orientation relative to the direction of gravity.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57840
},
{
"id": "tsk_37y3EdRertJba",
"name": "CAToon (cognitive and affective Theory of Mind Cartoon Task)",
"definition_text": "The Cognitive and Affective Theory of Mind Cartoon task <b>(CAToon)</b> is designed to measure affective and cognitive Theory of Mind (ToM) using cartoon stories. The task has an entertaining and timely design understandable and engaging for children as well as for adults. The task consists of 30 cartoon stories, representing three conditions (two experimental conditions targeting affective ToM (AT) and cognitive ToM (CT) and a control condition targeting physical causality (PC)). Each condition comprises 10 stories of similar visual complexity (i.e. backgrounds were matched across conditions). Three additional stories (one per condition) are available for practice purposes. <br>AT trials require participants to infer how a character would react to a fellow character’s expressed or expected emotions, whereas during CT trials participants have to assume how characters would act based on another character’s intentions or beliefs. PC trials serve as a control condition, requiring a basic understanding of cause and effect and basic physical laws.<br>All trials start with three images presented sequentially, followed by a single image display of three possible endings. CT trial endings consist of one correct, and two incorrect solutions. Incorrect solutions depict either a situation which would be illogical based on the storyline or physically impossible (e.g. object flies, character transforms). AT trial endings consist of two correct solutions (negative expectancy/positive expectancy) and one incorrect solution. In positive expectancy endings a character’s emotional needs are met with caring or reassuring, whereas in negative expectancy outcomes the character is scolded, ridiculed or ignored. This manipulation allows the investigation of differences in positive or negative outcome expectancy. PC trial endings have one correct and two incorrect solutions.<br><br><br><b>Developers' website: </b>https://www.jacobscenter.uzh.ch/en/research/developmental_neuroscience/downloads/catoon.html",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57843
},
{
"id": "tsk_pl4uqVGM1uj3Z",
"name": "Positive and Negative Images Task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants view positive images (sunsets and landscapes), negative IAPS images (guns, spiders), and neutral images (cups, chairs). ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57875
},
{
"id": "tsk_uzbPk1YB47Iqd",
"name": "motivational go/no-go learning task",
"definition_text": "Equiprobable Go/NoGo learning task (i.e. the ratio Go cues: NoGo cues is 50:50) featuring Win cues (chance for winning points/ money vs. neutral outcome) and Avoid cues (chance for neutral outcome vs. losing points/money).<br>The task features 4 conditions (at least 1 cue per condition):<br>- Go-to-Win: Cue with chance for winning money, requires Go response<br>- Go-to-Avoid: Cue with chance for losing money, requires Go response<br>- NoGo-to-Win: Cue with chance for winning money, requires NoGo response<br>- NoGo-to-Avoid: Cue with chance for losing money, requires NoGo response<br>All conditions feature the same amount of trials, i.e. Go/NoGo and Win/Avoid are fully orthogonalized (unlike other go/nogo tasks that are aimed at measuring inhibition and thus feature more go trials).<br><br>The correct response (Go/NoGo) is not instructed, but has been learned by trial-and-error from feedback. <br>Cue valence (Win/Avoid) is either instructed (e.g. cue edges in certain color) or has to be inferred from feedback (only Win cues can yield winning money, only Avoid cues can yield losing money).<br>Outcomes are usually probabilistic (e.g. 80% valid feedback, i.e. correct responses lead to winning money for Win cues/ neutral outcomes for Avoid cues in only 80% of trials, otherwise to invalid feedback; reversed probabilities for incorrect responses).<br><br>The task is used to measure Pavlovian biases/ motivational biases, i.e. the tendency to show more Go responses (and faster reaction times) to Win cues than Avoid cues.<br><br>",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57887
},
{
"id": "tsk_tlatUto2tMCYC",
"name": "Narrative-based Pain Empathy Task",
"definition_text": "A task elicting pain empathy based on written short stories about simultaneously displayed protagonists. In the narrative of each story, protagonist is either hurt physically (pain condition) or has non-painful events (control condition). Task can be expanded by adding new factor, e.g. nationality of the protagonist. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57927
},
{
"id": "tsk_ovuQxhbAPPMLs",
"name": "Boston Naming Test",
"definition_text": "The Boston Naming Test (BNT), consisting of 60 black and white line drawings of objects, is a measure of confrontation naming that takes into account the finding that patients with dysnomia often have greater difficulties with the naming of low frequency objects. Thus, instead of a simple category of anomia, naming difficulties may be rank ordered along a continuum. Items on the BNT are ordered according to their ability to be named, which is thought to be correlated with their frequency. This type of picture-naming vocabulary test is useful in the examination of children with learning disabilities and the evaluation of adults with brain injury or dysfunction. <br><br>(from Roth, C. (2011). Boston Naming Test. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_869)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57928
},
{
"id": "tsk_ORAzdOO86kNfM",
"name": "fMRI localizer for the frontotemporal language system",
"definition_text": "An fMRI localizer of frontal, temporal, and parietal brain regions involved in high-level linguistic processing. The task reliably identifies these brain regions in individual subjects using fMRI, by contrasting neural responses to meaningful and structured language stimuli vs. stimuli matched for low-level properties but lacking meaning and/or structure. In particular, responses to auditorily presented excerpts from engaging interviews or stories are contrasted vs. acoustically degraded versions of these materials. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57961
},
{
"id": "tsk_QyZsV96fiVlT1",
"name": "tri-modal roving stimulus paradigm",
"definition_text": "A roving stimulus paradigm in which tri-modal stimuli are simultaneously presented in a continuous stream with two possible intensities each. Participants are asked to attend to the stream and to respond to occasional target questions (catch trials) prompting participants to report the most recent intensity of a specific modality.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58022
},
{
"id": "tsk_kBYLTvZx59uOC",
"name": "Mindstrong for Regulation of Emotion",
"definition_text": "Mindstrong is a phone application that continuously collects data regarding the phone-user’s naturalistic patterns of typing and scrolling. This application will be installed on participant’s phone at a baseline visit and data will be collected on participants’ 45 keyboard and scroll patterns (generated from distinct swiping and tapping patterns) over a two-year period. Regarding emotional states and regulation, this technology will specifically collect data on word usage and frequency (via input from texts, emails, internet searches) to indicate participants’ emotional states. Behavioral change will also be inferred by evaluating changes in social activity (e.g., incoming and outgoing calls, messages), language, and location over the two-year timeframe.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58529
},
{
"id": "tsk_qBdQueJHSouuF",
"name": "Five-Trial Adjusting Delay Discounting Task",
"definition_text": "The Five-Trial Adjusting Delay Discounting Task is a very brief variant of the traditional Delay Discounting Task. The construct of delay discounting refers to people’s tendency to value rewards less as the amount of time increases until those rewards would be received. This brief task uses only five trials to estimate a person’s discounting rate by adjusting the specifications of each subsequent trial based on performance of the preceding trial. Each 5-trial version of this task uses one monetary amount for each trial (e.g., $1,000; $1,000,000). Each participant is asked on the first trial of the task whether they would prefer to receive that amount in three weeks or half that amount now. On the next trial the question is repeated but with a different time delay according to the participant’s response on the previous trial.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58532
},
{
"id": "tsk_tTKd4o04KpUDA",
"name": "Go-NoGo fMRI paradigm",
"definition_text": "The computerized task consists of 240 trials in which participants see a stimulus printed on the screen and they are asked to vary their response according to the stimulus color. In the more frequent 180 “Go” trials, participants are instructed to respond by pressing a button when they see green text on the screen displaying the word “press.” The main dependent behavioral measures in Go-NoGo tasks are response time and the commission error rate (making an incorrect “Go” response on “No-Go” trials); fewer commission errors signify better response inhibition. The Go-NoGo fMRI paradigm utilizes this same task to measure activation of participants’ cognitive control circuit (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, dorsal parietal cortex [DPC], and posterior cingulate gyrus), as well as the functional connectivity among these regions.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58536
},
{
"id": "tsk_OA90UJX5qwTyc",
"name": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6+)",
"definition_text": "The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6+) is a 6-item self-report measure of psychological distress intended to be used as a quick tool to assess risk for serious mental illness in the general population. The feelings and experiences for this first item are the following: “nervous,” “hopeless,”, “restless or fidgety,” “so depressed that nothing could cheer you up,” “that everything was an effort,” and “worthless.” The next item assesses the extent to which the feelings are typical for the person. The remaining items assess to what extent these experiences led to functional impairment.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58618
},
{
"id": "tsk_p7cabUkVvQPBS",
"name": "Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale",
"definition_text": "The original Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale contains 10 items designed to tap into a global sense of self-efficacy, or belief of an individual in his or her ability (e.g., “I can always solve difficult problems if I try hard enough,” and “I can usually handle whatever comes my way.”) The revised version here includes these 10 items and two, which are repeated and reversed to examine acquiescence bias. Response options range from 1, never true, to 7, always true. Higher scores indicate greater generalized self-efficacy.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58726
},
{
"id": "tsk_ccTKYnmv7tOZY",
"name": "Verbal Interference Test",
"definition_text": "The Verbal Interference Test is a behavioral assessment of cognitive regulation. In this task participants are presented with visual word stimuli that appear with incongruent text and color meaning (e.g., the word “RED” printed in blue, the word “BLUE” printed in green, the word “GREEN” printed in red). There are two phases of the task: Name (Part I) and Color (Part II). In the Name phase, participants are asked to identify the meaning of the word (e.g., red is the correct answer for the word “RED” printed in blue). In the Color phase, participants are asked to identify the color in which the word is printed (e.g., blue is the correct answer for the word “RED” printed in blue). This test assesses aspects of inhibition and interference corresponding to those indexed by the Stroop test.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58746
},
{
"id": "tsk_l7ApDPhpQkcmT",
"name": "Chicken Game task",
"definition_text": "The game of chicken, also known as the hawk-dove game or snowdrift game, is a model of conflict for two players in game theory (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_(game)). Two players drive cars towards each other, the player turning loses and if none of them swerve, there is a car crash. The outcome of the Chicken Game is determined by both players’ decisions. From one person’s perspective, unilateral defection and mutual cooperation represent the best and second-best outcomes. Cooperation is preferable to defection if the other defects because mutual defection is worse than the benefit of unilateral cooperation, each payoff corresponding to different outcomes of the social interaction (Hernandez-Pena, et al., 2023)\r\n\r\nHernandez-Pena, L., Hoppe, W., Koch, J., Keeler, C., Waller, R., Habel, U., ... & Wagels, L. (2023). The role of dominance in sibling relationships: differences in interactive cooperative and competitive behavior. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 11863.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58999
},
{
"id": "tsk_YrmQX6rtPeujt",
"name": "attribute amnesia",
"definition_text": "In an attribute amnesia experiment, participants are asked only to report one attribute of a multi-attribute object on the first few trials. But on a surprise trial, they fail to report another attribute of the same object. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59002
},
{
"id": "tsk_uzol7erTzr9Ix",
"name": "Trust game (TG)",
"definition_text": "It is a sequential game involving two players, the trustor and the trustee. In a one-shot anonymous interaction, subject A (“the Investor” or \"the Trustor\") endowed with an amount of 10-dollar decides how much of this show-up fee will be given to subject B (“the Trustee”), knowing that this share will be tripled before it’s actually given to subject B. Subject B receives this tripled amount and decides how much to send back to subject A (From Tzieropoulos, 2013, doi: 10.1080/17470919.2013.832375). It can be played in one-shot or in multi-round format.\r\n\r\nInitially called the Investment Game by Berg, Dickhaut and McCabe in 1995 (doi: 10.1006/game.1995.1027), the trust game originated as a design experiment to study trust and reciprocity in an investment setting (From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictator_game#Variants). In the Berg et al. version, subjects in room A decide how much of their 10 dollar show-up fee to send to an anonymous counterpart in room B. Subjects in room B then decide how much of the tripled money to keep and how much to send back to their respective counterparts. This game is similar to the trust game described by Kreps (1990, https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/publications/corporate-culture-economic-theory), except that the Kreps game allow only two choices at each stage, whereas the Berg version (and the current version of trust game) has a larger choice space and allows for different degrees of trust and reciprocity) (Berg et al., 1995). ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59019
},
{
"id": "tsk_KRl3zbyaJcKWM",
"name": "prisoner's dilemma (PD)",
"definition_text": "The prisoner's dilemma is a game theory thought experiment that involves two rational agents, each of whom can cooperate for mutual benefit or betray their partner (\"defect\") for individual reward. If both players cooperate, they both receive the reward R for cooperating. If both players defect, they both receive the punishment payoff P. If Blue defects while Red cooperates, then Blue receives the temptation payoff T, while Red receives the \"sucker's\" payoff, S. Similarly, if Blue cooperates while Red defects, then Blue receives the sucker's payoff S, while Red receives the temptation payoff T. To be a prisoner's dilemma game in the strong sense, the following condition must hold for the payoffs: T>R>P>S. The payoff relationship R>P implies that mutual cooperation is superior to mutual defection, while the payoff relationships T>R and P>S imply that defection is the dominant strategy for both agents. \r\n\r\nThis dilemma was originally framed by Merrill Flood and Melvin Dresher in 1950 while they worked at the RAND Corporation.[citation needed] Albert W. Tucker later formalized the game by structuring the rewards in terms of prison sentences and named it the \"prisoner's dilemma\". William Poundstone described this \"typical contemporary version\" of the game in his 1993 book Prisoner's Dilemma (From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisoner%27s_dilemma).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59111
},
{
"id": "tsk_U9gDp8utahAfO",
"name": "Pittsburgh Stress Battery",
"definition_text": "The Pittsburg Stress Battery is a standardized means of evaluating cardiovascular reactions as a response to acute stressors which have been linked to an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The original protocols vary but normally consisted of three tasks designed to maximize various psychological demands: a visual short term memory task (scanning), an accuracy evaluation (targeting), and a cognitive motor/reflex task (tracking).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59161
},
{
"id": "tsk_gskvlEiCHg899",
"name": "Future Orientation Scale of the Time Perspective Survey (child version)",
"definition_text": "The Future Orientation Scale of the Time Perspective Survey (child version) assesses the extent to which school-aged children have the ability or inclination to focus their attention on the future, as opposed to focusing on the past or present moments. Children are asked to respond with how well each statement describes what they believe on a Likert scale ranging from 1 (“Very Untrue”) to 5 (“Very True”). There are 13 total items (e.g., “Finishing homework and doing other jobs at home comes before play”, “I make lists of things to do.”) This scale was modified from the original measure that was developed for adults.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59163
},
{
"id": "tsk_alz5hjlUXp4WY",
"name": "Parent-Child Coercion Scale",
"definition_text": "This 9-item self-report scale assesses a parent's perception of how much coercion characterizes their relationship with their child.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59168
},
{
"id": "tsk_H2hu4WmHYl8Tu",
"name": "Immersive Virtual Reality Assay for Target: Regulation of Cognition (Behavioral and Self-Report)",
"definition_text": "The Immersive Virtual Reality Assay (IVRA) is a virtual reality paradigm designed to engage three self-regulation targets (self-focused reflection, affect, and cognition) and four corresponding brain circuits in a fixed order: (1) default mode circuit (related to self-focused reflection), (2) the negative affect circuit, (3) the positive affect circuit, and (4) the cognitive control circuit. Participants undergo different virtual environments using the Oculus Rift DK2 (virtual reality headset developed and manufactured by Oculus VR). This paradigm is intended to assess a participant’s regulation of cognition with the use of 3 optional virtual reality environments.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59172
},
{
"id": "tsk_eDDTJCIrL19Qj",
"name": "Daily Inventory of Stressful Events (DISE)",
"definition_text": "The Daily Inventory of Stressful Events (DISE) is a semi-structured survey in which participants report whether any of a series of stressful events had occurred within the past 24 hours. This end-of-day measure consists of a brief set of stem and conditional questions that can be can be administered via smartphones. This instrument yields several variables for each reported stressor including: (a) content classification of the stressor (e.g., work overload, argument over housework, traffic problem); (b) subjective severity of stressors; (c) primary appraisals (i.e., areas of life that were at risk because of the stressor); and (d) perceived control of the situation.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59181
},
{
"id": "tsk_ASxfTzukfK3Te",
"name": "social vs physical perception task",
"definition_text": "This fMRI task was devised by Fischer et al. (2013, PNAS). This stimuli from this task consists 10-s movies of two 2D dots moving as though they are physical objects, or as though they are interacting socially. Participants are asked to imagine as though they are looking down on the scene from above. They are asked to watch the dots, imagine the trajectory of one of the dots when it disappeared briefly, and indicate whether the final position of the hidden dot matches what they imagined. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59183
},
{
"id": "tsk_HfEOU5RLqcxAD",
"name": "SIDES Affect Dysregulation Scale (Child-Reported)",
"definition_text": "The Affect Dysregulation Scale (Child-Reported) is a six-item self-reported measure of adolescents’ frequency of difficulties with affect regulation. Items were suggested by the Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDES) with modifications made to simplify the wording for an adolescent sample and to generalize items to reference all feelings rather than just anger.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59185
},
{
"id": "tsk_161qcskOyTlfY",
"name": "Video-Mediated Affective Recall",
"definition_text": "The Video-Mediated recall procedure is a self-reported measure of remembered emotional responses and cognitions during a previous experience of social interaction with a close other such as one’s romantic partner or one’s child. The video-mediated recall procedure is a procedure by which parents and/or a member of a couple view a videotape of their interaction with their partner or child. While watching the video, they use a dial to rate their experienced emotion and/or cognitions moment-by-moment during the interaction task.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59191
},
{
"id": "tsk_ZaJZLqgqcXCLq",
"name": "Immersive Virtual Reality Assay for Target: Regulation of Self-Reflection (Behavioral and Self-Report)",
"definition_text": "The Immersive Virtual Reality Assay (IVRA) is a virtual reality paradigm designed to engage three self-regulation targets (self-focused reflection, affect, and cognition) and four corresponding brain circuits in a fixed order: (1) default mode circuit (related to self-focused reflection), (2) the negative affect circuit, (3) the positive affect circuit, and (4) the cognitive control circuit. Participants undergo different virtual environments using the Oculus Rift DK2 (virtual reality headset developed and manufactured by Oculus VR). This paradigm is intended to assess a participant’s regulation of self-reflection.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59197
},
{
"id": "tsk_uh2RnLbc0PU3v",
"name": "Maze",
"definition_text": "The Maze is a behavioral assessment of cognitive regulation. This computerized variation seeks to assess similar cognitive constructs as the Austin Maze (Walsh, 1991). Participants are asked to uncover a hidden path through a visual maze made up of an 8-by-8 grid of rectangles. As the participant navigates this path, green and red ticks on the bottom of the computer screen will appear to indicate correct moves and incorrect moves, respectively. A total of 24 correct moves are required for full completion of the maze, and the test ends with either two error-free completions or a time-out after 7 minutes.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59199
},
{
"id": "tsk_qsprWaphqkwim",
"name": "fMRI Facial Emotion Paradigm",
"definition_text": "The fMRI Facial Emotion Paradigm concerns regulation of emotion. It is a passive viewing task designed to engage participants’ affective neural circuits (including the amygdala, insula, and anterior cingulate cortex/ventral and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex). This task engages both implicit regulation of emotion reactivity and explicit appraisal, which allow for the conscious and nonconscious discrimination of emotional stimuli. Stimuli for this paradigm are facial expressions of threat-related emotions (i.e., fear and anger), loss-related emotions (i.e., sadness), reward-related emotions (i.e., happiness), and neutral emotions, selected from standardized series and modified so that the eyes are centrally positioned.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59201
},
{
"id": "tsk_EaAMakeLSEYxm",
"name": "Hierarchical Task",
"definition_text": "The Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning Task measures participants’ ability to discover and use higher-order structure in their environment. Participants are presented with 18 stimuli composed of three dimensions: shape, orientation, and border color. The task requires that participants respond to stimuli by pressing one of three keys in response to each of the stimuli. In a \"flat\" condition, the keys are randomly associated with the shapes so that the participant must learn each association independently. In a \"hierarchical\" condition, the stimulus-response mappings are instead structured, such that participants can use a rule to determine the correct response based on the combination of the three features.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59219
},
{
"id": "tsk_dn4ejmrGGaUAZ",
"name": "Relative Reinforcing Efficacy Purchase Task",
"definition_text": "The Relative Reinforcing Efficacy Purchase Task (RREPT) is a 9-item task that assesses different aspects of behavioral demand based on the relationship between demand and price. Demand is reduced as price is increased, and the differences in shape of the demand curve are measures of how reinforcing a substance is. Participants are asked to indicate how many cigarettes they would purchase and consume in a single day if the price per cigarette was $0.00 (free), $0.10, $1.00, $3.00, $10.00, $30.00, $100.00, $300.00, and $1,000.00.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59221
},
{
"id": "tsk_A1AEVp7clZsCB",
"name": "Emotion Identification Task",
"definition_text": "The Emotion Identification Task is a behavioral assay that utilizes two tasks to measure an individual’s ability to identify facial emotions and emotional bias. The first phase (the “study phase”) is an explicit emotion identification task, and the second phase is an implicit emotion recognition task. Using an internet-based test (“WebNeuro”), participants view 96 photographs of 8 different individuals expressing six different emotions: (1) neutral, (2) happy, (3) sad, (4) fear, (5) anger, and (6) disgust.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59224
},
{
"id": "tsk_k6MaDfNGbHqDx",
"name": "Go-No-Go Zoo Task",
"definition_text": "The Go-No-Go Zoo Task is a measure of inhibitory control. Child subjects are instructed to press a key in response to a displayed “go” stimulus (presented for 300 ms) but to avoid response when they are displayed a no-go stimulus. Children are instructed to respond as quickly as they can and to maintain accuracy. Trials are successful in the Go condition when child correctly responds to any animal that is not an orangutan and trials are successful in the No-Go condition when child correctly inhibits a response when seeing an orangutan. Errors are evaluated only for No-go trials (i.e., errors of commission), while successes are evaluated only for each correct Go trial.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59227
},
{
"id": "tsk_zfiXINJdIc1DM",
"name": "Mindstrong for Regulation of Cognition",
"definition_text": "Mindstrong is a phone application that continuously collects data regarding the phone-user’s naturalistic patterns of typing and scrolling. This application will be installed on participant’s phone at a baseline visit and data will be collected on participants’ 45 keyboard and scroll patterns (generated from distinct swiping and tapping patterns) over a two-year period. Regarding cognitive regulation, this technology will specifically collect data on typing latencies, response times, and phone stimuli detection indicating attention, executive function, memory, and processing speed.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59229
},
{
"id": "tsk_zhAW4G31jTPrw",
"name": "Angling Risk Task – Always Sunny",
"definition_text": "The Angling Risk Task (ART) Always Sunny assesses cognitive processes underlying decision making in a sequential risk-taking paradigm. This task is comprised of tournaments of 30 rounds each. In each round, participants “fish” for red and blue fish in an attempt to earn as much money as possible. Of the N fish, N-1 are red and 1 is blue. Each red fish the participant catches is worth five cents; if the participant catches the blue fish, however, the round ends, and the participant loses all the money accumulated in that round. In the “Always Sunny” version of the task, participants are able to see the number of red and blue fish.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59232
},
{
"id": "tsk_tp1574mCRYbWD",
"name": "Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire: Control vs. Impulsivity Scale",
"definition_text": "The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) is a 276-item self-report measure of a broad range of personality traits. It assesses 11 personality traits. Items about control vs. impulsivity assess whether participants report being “reflective,” “cautious,” “careful,” “level-headed,” and “sensible,” and whether they make “detailed plans.” Items are summed to compute a total score for each trait. Higher total scores for the control-vs.-impulsivity trait reflect acting rationally, preferring to plan one’s actions, making decisions carefully, and lack of spontaneity.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59244
},
{
"id": "tsk_NrSniDhXY2NKm",
"name": "Brief Risk-Resilience Index for Screening (BRISC)",
"definition_text": "The Mini Brief Risk-Resilience Index for Screening (BRISC) is a 15-item self-report measure of self-regulation of emotions. The BRISC measures three core domains: negativity bias (5 items; one’s hypersensitivity to stress and anticipation of negative outcomes, e.g., “I tended to overreact to situations”), emotional resilience (5 items; one’s capacity for self-efficacy, e.g., “I felt very satisfied with the way I look and act”), and social skills (5 items; one’s capacity to engage in social situations and seek support, e.g., “I enjoyed socializing and chatting to other people”). Negativity bias is concerned with risk for negative emotional states, whereas emotional resilience and social skills concern regulatory responses to negative emotional states.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59246
},
{
"id": "tsk_nHhIFQgl91Nkc",
"name": "Internal Self-Efficacy Task",
"definition_text": "The Internal Self-Efficacy Task was designed to capture individual differences in the tendency to set challenging goals. In the first stage (Stage 1: Piece-rate real effort task), participants are given three minutes in which they need to complete as many matches as possible in a real-effort slider-matching task. In this task, participants touch the computer screen to move a slider to its “goal” position (i.e., match the slider to the goal). In the second stage (Stage 2: Goal-setting) participants are told that they will again complete the real-effort slider-matching task for a three-minute interval but with a different payment scheme.In the third and final stage (Stage 3) participants complete the three-minute real-effort slider-matching task.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59256
},
{
"id": "tsk_LURJ93Bk1echa",
"name": "Consideration of Future Consequences Scale",
"definition_text": "The Consideration of Future Consequences Scale is comprised of 14 items that tap into an individual’s tendency to think about long-term consequences of his or her actions, or to guide behavior based on short- versus long-term considerations.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59258
},
{
"id": "tsk_Sgb6i1nFqMVjQ",
"name": "Immersive Virtual Reality Assay for Target: Regulation of Emotion (Behavioral and Self-Report)",
"definition_text": "The Immersive Virtual Reality Assay (IVRA) is a virtual reality paradigm designed to engage three self-regulation targets (self-focused reflection, affect, and cognition) and four corresponding brain circuits in a fixed order: (1) default mode circuit (related to self-focused reflection), (2) the negative affect circuit, (3) the positive affect circuit, and (4) the cognitive control circuit. Participants undergo different virtual environments using the Oculus Rift DK2 (virtual reality headset developed and manufactured by Oculus VR). This paradigm is intended to assess a participant’s regulation of emotion by having participants undergo two negative emotion regulation environments for the negative affect circuit and two positive emotion regulation environments for the positive affect circuit.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59261
},
{
"id": "tsk_aojKzJ2tvdhGZ",
"name": "Mindstrong for Regulation of Self-Focused Reflection",
"definition_text": "Mindstrong is a phone application that continuously collects data regarding the phone-user’s naturalistic patterns of typing and scrolling. This application will be installed on participant’s phone at a baseline visit and data will be collected on participants’ 45 keyboard and scroll patterns (generated from distinct swiping and tapping patterns) over a two-year period. Regarding self-reflection-related behavior, this technology will collect data on pertinent smartphone variables including identified resting periods via phone GPS. Over time, these variables will be tracked and monitored for changes in participants’ pattern of daily behavior.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59265
},
{
"id": "tsk_ZnDT4SbTZ2Bye",
"name": "Stroop-like Arrows Task",
"definition_text": "The Stroop-like Arrows Task aims to measure aspects of executive control, such as attentional control and inhibitory control. This adaptation of the Stroop-like Arrows Task consists of a series of 30 red and blue arrows (stimuli), which participants must respond to by pressing a “button” (a green rectangle) either in the congruent direction of the arrow (when it is red) or in the incongruent direction of the arrow (when it is blue). In other words, when the arrow is red and points to the left, the respondent should press the button to the left. On the other hand, when the arrow is blue and points to the left, the respondent should press the button to the right. Respondents must complete the task as quickly as possible.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59270
},
{
"id": "tsk_QlXQe5gup7UFj",
"name": "International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF)",
"definition_text": "The International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF) is a 7-item self-report scale designed to measure physical activity in adults. The scale is used to generate a single total score. Participants are asked to report activities performed across leisure time, work, domestic activities, and travel for at least 10 minutes during the last seven days at each of three intensities: walking, moderate, and vigorous intensity.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59293
},
{
"id": "tsk_pmvG0R2l7APPE",
"name": "optogenetic stimulation",
"definition_text": "Optogenetic stimulation is a genetic technique that enables scientists to activate or inhibit the activity of specific neuron populations using light.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59304
},
{
"id": "tsk_c6667oSpAnrBT",
"name": "Ecological Momentary Assessment of Stressful Events",
"definition_text": "The Ecological Momentary Assessment of Stressful Events is a brief measure of momentary experiences of stress aimed to be administered in ecologically valid environments close in time to the occurrence of stressful events. The goal of this measurement strategy is to minimize retrospective recall biases that can accompany the reporting of stress. The EMA measure consists of a brief set of stem and conditional questions that can be administered via smartphones as people go about their daily activities.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59313
},
{
"id": "tsk_L1akyyjEGdiUs",
"name": "Anxiety Sensitivity Index - 3 (ASI-3)",
"definition_text": "The Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3) is an 18 item scale containing items specifying different concerns someone could have regarding their anxiety. It contains 3 subscales \"ASI-3 Physical Concerns\", \"ASI-3 Cognitive Concerns\", \"ASI-3 Social Concerns\". The subject rates each item by selecting one of five phrases: “very little” (0 points), “a little” (1 point), “some” (2 points), “much” (3 points), and “very much” (4 points). No items are reversed coded.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59323
},
{
"id": "tsk_Rpfz9hVRPtUcq",
"name": "Interoceptive Attentiveness fMRI Task",
"definition_text": "The Interoceptive Attentiveness fMRI Task is a functional magnetic resonance imaging assay of the ability to deploy attention toward information that is internal (i.e., inside the body) versus external (e.g., outside the body). In this task brain activation is measured while the participant is asked to alternate between turning their attention inward (‘Interoception’ condition) and outward (‘Exteroception’ condition). The interoceptive target can be any internal body organ, such as the heart, bladder, stomach, or lungs, although a focus on the heart and the sensations of heartbeats is most commonly used. The exteroceptive target is typically a standard external attention task, such as monitoring for changes in visual stimuli that appear on the screen, as in the widely used Continuous Performance Test.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59325
},
{
"id": "tsk_Jdo0KE737b9N8",
"name": "Two-Stage Task",
"definition_text": "This task assess two types of reinforcement learning (RL): model-free and model-based RL. In this task, participants make two sequential decisions that navigate them through two \"stages\" defined by different stimuli. First-stage choices are associated with one of two second stages (e.g., 2a and 2b): one first-stage choice leads to 2a 70% of the time and 2b 30% of the time, while the opposite is true of the other first-stage choice (i.e. 2a occurs 30% of the time and 2b occurs 70% of the time). Each second-stage choice is associated with some probability of receiving a reward. This probability changes slowly over time, requiring continuous learning in order to succeed at the task.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59329
},
{
"id": "tsk_mUMzkG2xVn82g",
"name": "Convex Time Budgets",
"definition_text": "The Convex Time Budgets (CTB) task measures delay discounting, which is the tendency to discount value in the future (e.g., a lower subjective value of money at a later date relative to an earlier date). In this task, participants make 48 decisions total. Twenty-four of these decisions are in the gains domain, and 24 decisions are in the losses domain. These decisions occur for three compared times: (1) 2 vs. 4 weeks from today, (2) today vs. 4 weeks from today, and (3) today vs. 2 weeks from today.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59333
},
{
"id": "tsk_EeJGKBAbpHkIm",
"name": "Emotion Regulation Strategies Scale",
"definition_text": "The Emotion Regulation Strategies Scale is a 21-item self-reported measure of children’s methods for controlling anger and worry. Children complete a one-on-one interview to assess endorsement of emotion regulation strategies such as inhibition and expression using the 11-item Children’s Anger Management Scale (CAMS) and the 10-item Children’s Worry Management Scale (CWMS). All items are scored using a 3-point Likert scale (1 = hardly ever, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59334
},
{
"id": "tsk_2lU25qYLrwkfj",
"name": "violation-of-expectation task",
"definition_text": "The violation of expectation (VOE) task can be used to query adults' and young children's knowledge and learning about many topics. A minimum, participants are shown a pair of events - one that is more expected, and one that is more unexpected. Participants can be asked to make all sorts of judgments - adults can rate how surprising the outcomes are, and infants can be given the opportunity to look at the events for as long as they choose. The logic behind this task is that if participants have the hypothesized expectation entailed in the contrast between these stimuli, then they should rate one events as more surprising than the other. \r\n\r\nIn studies of infants, especially those that measure looking behavior, there is usually a sequence of familiarization trials first, to give participants enough opportunity to encode the events, and (sometimes) to teach them a particular expectation. After this phase, infants are then shown the expected and unexpected outcomes.\r\n\r\nThe validity of this task hinges on how well-controlled the stimuli are. Oftentimes researchers run many conditions in order to narrow in on exactly what aspects of the stimuli participants are responding to.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59346
},
{
"id": "tsk_zj7EaCdOZ1dae",
"name": "Couples Conflict Task",
"definition_text": "Couples engage in two 10-minute conflict discussions (e.g., one from each partner; top two important topics for couple).The assessor leaves the room for 10 minutes, during which the couple converses uninterrupted. The most fundamental property of a coding system is the sampling strategy for behavior, otherwise known as the coding unit. Major sampling strategies are event, duration, interval, and time. Coding systems can be molar/global (i.e. makes summary ratings) or molecular/microbehavioral (i.e. codes behavior as it unfolds over time). Investigators may use scores to analyze means, variability, or sequences.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59351
},
{
"id": "tsk_2wRB9XpiA4xMN",
"name": "Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness",
"definition_text": "The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness is a 32 item self-report measure composed of the following 8 subscales: (i) Noticing: awareness of uncomfortable, comfortable and neutral bodily sensations; (ii) Not-Distracting: the tendency to not ignore or distract oneself from sensations of pain or discomfort; (iii) Not-Worrying: the tendency to not react with emotional distress or worry to sensations of pain or discomfort; (iv) Attention Regulation: the ability to sustain and control attention to bodily sensation; (v) Emotional Awareness: the awareness of the connection between bodily sensations and emotional states; (vi) Self-Regulation: the ability to regulate psychological distress by attention to bodily sensations; (vii) Body Listening: actively listening to the body for insight; and (viii) Trusting: experiencing one’s body as safe and trustworthy. The MAIA is available free from the University of California OCMI webpage at (https://www.osher.ucsf.edu/maia/)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59366
},
{
"id": "tsk_osfnJ7DNe8DB0",
"name": "Pearlin Mastery Scale",
"definition_text": "The Pearlin Mastery Scale consists of seven items designed to assess one aspect of psychological coping resources (Mastery). Example items include, “Sometimes I feel that I am being pushed here and there in life” (reverse-scored) and “What happens to me in the future mostly depends on me.” Response options range from 1, strongly disagree, to 7, strongly agree. Higher scores indicate greater mastery.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59367
},
{
"id": "tsk_HJI7NLY38yZgx",
"name": "Parent-Child Interaction Protocol",
"definition_text": "Parent-child interaction typically takes place in a small room containing a chair for the parent and three low tables. Objects that are attractive to children in this age range, but are not typically considered toys (e.g., a manual typewriter, an old school bell, a sealed glass jar of hard candy) are on the tables. The parent is instructed that the child is forbidden to touch these objects. The interaction consists of three tasks that present the parent with typical but challenging situations for the parent and child: 1. the parent is instructed to supervise the child for a maximum of 10 minutes in putting a set of toys into a plastic bin. 2. the parent gives the child another set of toys and is instructed to have the child play independently while the parent engages in a 10-minute simulated phone conversation with the experimenter. 3. the parent is told to have the child play quietly and independently on a mat while the parent completes questionnaires for 10 minutes.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59376
},
{
"id": "tsk_SJ4Q7gOYfy25Y",
"name": "Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test",
"definition_text": "Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test is a behavioral task that assesses non-verbal, analytic intelligence. Participants are presented with a display showing a matrix (e.g., a 3 x 3 grid consisting of three rows with three cells in each row). With the exception of the cell on the bottom right, each of the other cells in the display is occupied by a complex visual stimulus. Participants’ task is to determine which of eight other possible stimuli is the correct entry for the single empty cell.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59386
},
{
"id": "tsk_22KTtBdDDjZrU",
"name": "Risk Preferences Task",
"definition_text": "The Risk Preferences Task is a behavioral measure of risky decision-making that occurs in three series. In each series, participants must choose to draw a ball from one of two jars: Jar A or Jar B. Jar A and Jar B each contain two balls with an equal probability of being chosen at random (50%). The first round is an unpaid practice round, after which Series 1-3 occur (Series 1: choices over gains, Series 2: choices over losses, Series 3: choices over gains and losses).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59387
},
{
"id": "tsk_9UB5vNDvAKzYw",
"name": "cue-based expectancy paradigm combining emotion regulation task",
"definition_text": null,
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59394
},
{
"id": "tsk_bc6vIpoShChdF",
"name": "Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)- Child Version",
"definition_text": "The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) is a 20-item self-report questionnaire used to measure the emotions of the respondent’s child during the past few weeks. The items are grouped into the two subscales with 10 items each: positive affect and negative affect. The respondent is asked to read several words which describe different feelings and emotions and enter a number that corresponds to the value on a scale to indicate the extent to which his/her child feels this way on average.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59402
},
{
"id": "tsk_UwGwPHdQkMJqi",
"name": "NIH Self-Efficacy Scale",
"definition_text": "The NIH Toolbox Self-Efficacy Scale is a 10-item self-reported measure that assesses belief in one’s capacity to manage and have control over meaningful events in life. Children answer questions (e.g., “I can manage to solve difficult problems if I try hard enough”; “When I have a problem, I can find several ways to solve it”) using a 5-point Likert response scale (1=Never, 2=Almost Never, 3=Sometimes, 4=Fairly Often, 5=Very Often). Total self-efficacy score ranges from 10-50.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59406
},
{
"id": "tsk_QN7TaO3lQgQpv",
"name": "Rapid Marital Interaction Coding System (RMICS)",
"definition_text": "The Rapid Marital Interaction Coding System (RMICS) is an event-based system designed to code observed dyadic behavior. Behavior is defined broadly to include all observable actions (i.e. affective, motoric, paralinguistic, and linguistic). The RMICS was designed to measure frequencies of behavior and behavioral patterns (i.e. sequences) between intimate partners during conflicts. It comprises three negative codes (low-intensity hostility, high-intensity hostility, dysphoric affect), two positive codes (low-intensity positivity, high-intensity positivity), one neutral (constructive problem discussion/solution), and one other. Coders assign a code to each speaker and listener turn, contingent on the verbal, nonverbal, and paraverbal content within.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59419
},
{
"id": "tsk_QEgcdL3G9d3fp",
"name": "Couple Coercion Scale",
"definition_text": "This 9-item self-report scale assesses an individual's perception of how much coercion characterizes their relationship with their partner. Items are rated on a 5-point scale from Never to Always",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59420
},
{
"id": "tsk_m9ORBitZNadcZ",
"name": "Parent-Rated Stress (NIH Perceived Stress Scale)",
"definition_text": "The NIH Toolbox Perceived Stress Survey is a 10-item parent report measure of the stress experienced by children ages 8 to 12 years old. It assesses how unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloaded respondents believe that their children find their lives. It is comprised of 10 items from the original Perceived Stress Scale developed for adults.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59440
},
{
"id": "tsk_dwOdvcER9RnBx",
"name": "Parent Cognition Scale",
"definition_text": "The Parent Cognition Scale (PCS) is a 30-item self-report measure designed to assess the degree to which parents endorse dysfunctional child-responsible and parent-causal attributions for child misbehavior. Respondents are asked to think about a target child’s misbehavior over the past 2 months and to rate various possible causes for their child’s misbehavior on a 6-point Likert scale that ranges from 1 (always true) to 6 (never true).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59441
},
{
"id": "tsk_m9ZOG13yjvsPV",
"name": "Frustration in Timed Backwards Math",
"definition_text": "The Frustration in Timed Backwards Math Task assesses behaviors that indicate general anxiety, sadness, or frustration/anger in children. Participants complete the serial subtraction portion of the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C), an adapted version of a standardized stress paradigm originally developed and evaluated in adults. Participants are asked to count backwards from a high number by a certain interval. If a mistake is made, then they must start again from the beginning.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59442
},
{
"id": "tsk_5UPYiqtoX3yUf",
"name": "Future Events Structured Interview",
"definition_text": "The Future Events Structured Interview is a measure that assesses a child’s future-thinking processes. The measure captures different categories of descriptive details the child uses to describe future events in his or her life. A child participant is instructed to describe upcoming events aloud. Each interview is transcribed from audiotape and then the language is coded for frequencies of used words and phrases in the following dimensions: a) event details-internal; b) time; c) perception; d) emotion/thought; e) social; f) repetition; g) event details-external-semantic; h) external other.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59445
},
{
"id": "trm_4fba85a597ca9",
"name": "delayed memory task",
"definition_text": "a number between 2 and 7 digits is displayed for a brief period and is followed by a greater period of time than that in its complement, the immediate memory task, that contains distractor stimuli.",
"alias": "DMT",
"ID(c)": 23637
},
{
"id": "trm_5667451917a34",
"name": "2-stage decision task",
"definition_text": "Subjects participate in a two-stage decision task where they make a binary choice in each stage (stage 1&2) and probabilistically receive reward after the final stage (stage 2). First-stage choices are primarily associated with one of two second-stages (labeled 2a and 2b): one first-stage choice leads to 2a 70% of the time and 2b 30% of the time, while the opposite is true of the other first-stage choice. Each second-stage choice has its own probability of reward (constantly changing via a random-walk). The ultimate goal of the subject is to maximize reward, which are only given during the second stage. The ideal subject would identify the most rewarding second-stage stimulus and make first-stage choices that make it more likely to arrive at the relevant second stage. ",
"alias": "two-stage decision task",
"ID(c)": 23639
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b6d",
"name": "backward masking",
"definition_text": "a phenomenon wherein presenting one stimulus (a "mask" or "masking stimulus") immediately after another brief (⤠50 ms) "target" stimulus leads to a failure to consciously perceive the first stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23640
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2af083332",
"name": "size match task",
"definition_text": "participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are the same size",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23641
},
{
"id": "trm_56674133b666c",
"name": "adaptive n-back task",
"definition_text": "A variant of the n-back task, each trial consists of letters (b,d,g,t,v) presented in successive order. Subjects must press a button if the current letter matches the letter that occurred n trials ago (regardless of capitalization). N varies according to a staircase tracking method that increases as subjects accurately respond and decrease as subjects make errors. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23642
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2c18e1dd9",
"name": "object decision task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown pictures and asked to identify whether the object could be real or is unreal",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23643
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b964d3ec",
"name": "overlapping figures task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to identify all the objects in pictures containing overlapping figures",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23645
},
{
"id": "trm_4fb4175126374",
"name": "meditation task",
"definition_text": "Participants perform meditation either according to a particular school or undirected in conjunction with cognitive, behavioral, and/or physiological measures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23646
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3d7",
"name": "trace conditioning",
"definition_text": "a form of classical conditioning in which the presentation of the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus is separated in time by an interstimulus interval.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23647
},
{
"id": "trm_50b40bca8cf83",
"name": "Hungry Donkey Task",
"definition_text": "The Hungry Donkey Task is a version of Bechera's Iowa Gambling Task for children; it is a test in the areas of cognition & emotion that was originally developed to assist in detecting decision-making impairment in patients with prefrontal cortex damage. The experiment is often computerized and is carried out in real time and resembles real-world contingencies. A donkey chooses from four doors, each with a cost or reward in apples. The objective is to give the donkey the most apples possible. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23648
},
{
"id": "trm_5667436296862",
"name": "image monitoring",
"definition_text": "Subjects are serially presented 3 different images (colored squares). Subjects must monitor the repetitions of these images and press a button when any image reaches 4 repetitions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23649
},
{
"id": "trm_5667441c338a7",
"name": "2nd-order rule acquisition",
"definition_text": "In this task, subjects are presented with 18 stimuli composed of three dimensions: 3 shapes, 3 orientations and 2 colored borders. Subjects had to learn one of three key responses for each of the 18 stimuli. In the "flat" condition, the 18 stimuli to 3 responses mapping was arbitrary, requiring subjects to individually learn each of the 18 associations. In a hierarchical condition, the colored borders indicated whether "orientation" or "shape" determined the response. This simplifies performance if subjects learn this hierarchical structure.",
"alias": "2nd-order decision task, second-order rule acquisition",
"ID(c)": 23650
},
{
"id": "trm_50b55d8a6da00",
"name": "PEBL Perceptual Vigilance Task",
"definition_text": "This task measures sustained attention and reaction time. A light blinks randomly and the subject is asked to press a button when the they see it. The focus is not on how quickly the subject notices the light, but how often the subject doesn't notice the light. It is often used to study the effects of sleep deprivation and sleep debt. ",
"alias": "PPVT, psychomotor vigilance task, PVT",
"ID(c)": 23651
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b4bb165c",
"name": "orientation match task",
"definition_text": "participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are shown with the same orientation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23652
},
{
"id": "trm_4af89b3a925ca",
"name": "Vandenberg & Kuse Tasks",
"definition_text": "Paper and pencil Test of mental rotation ability. Participants must are presented with four 3-D block figures and must select 2 from the group which match a reference figure. This test is administered under time contraints. A male advantage is typically seen on this type of task, as measured by test accuracy.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23653
},
{
"id": "trm_4b1968619b00b",
"name": "color-word stroop task",
"definition_text": "A task in which single words (including names of colors) are presented in colored ink, and the subject is asked to name the color of the ink as quickly as possible. The ink color may either match or conflict with the color name. Accuracy and response time are measured.",
"alias": "Stroop color-word task, Stroop color-word interference task, Stroop color naming task",
"ID(c)": 23654
},
{
"id": "trm_4b4a537644d76",
"name": "Penn continuous performance task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with a stream of letters, and must respond to one of the letters and refrain from responding to any other letters. The Penn Continuous Performance Test (PCPT) uses a standard CPT paradigm. The participant responds to a set of 7-segment displays presented 1/sec., whenever they form a digit (NUMBERS, initial 3 min) or letter (LETTERS, next 3 min). The number of true positive responses is recorded as the accuracy score and the median response time for true positive responses is the measure of attention speed.",
"alias": "PCPT",
"ID(c)": 23655
},
{
"id": "trm_4b65e5e2ab3ca",
"name": "word-picture verification task",
"definition_text": "is an experimental paradigm where a picture of an object is presented along with either an auditory or written word and participants indicate whether the word and the picture refer to the same concept. It is typically used as a test of semantic memory integrity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23656
},
{
"id": "trm_4b7497a289534",
"name": "block design test",
"definition_text": "the block design test is a subtest of perceptual reasoning index of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV. The block design test measures spatial perception, visual abstract processing, and problem solving.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23657
},
{
"id": "trm_4b749b8829eee",
"name": "embedded figures test",
"definition_text": "In the embedded figures test, the research participant is shown a complex background figure and asked to describe it. After this, the participant is shown a target (such as the outline of a triangle) and asked to locate the target amid the background figure.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23658
},
{
"id": "trm_4b75ea4ddd896",
"name": "same-different task",
"definition_text": "A task which assesses shifting attention. In the computerized version of this task, three spaceships appear on a screen and the participant must determine if the spaceships are all different or all the same. The spaceships can differ in color, size, or shape type. There are three levels of difficulty. In the first level, the spaceships must all be identical to be considered the same. In the second level of difficulty, the spaceships are considered the same even if they only share two qualities, and in the third difficulty level, the spaceships only need to share one quality to be considered the same. Auditory feedback is given after each response notifying the child whether their answer was correct. ",
"alias": "same-different matching task",
"ID(c)": 23659
},
{
"id": "trm_4b843655d5d75",
"name": "chimeric animal Stroop task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are shown pictures of chimeric animals (such as a duck's head attached to a cow's body) and asked to name animal that the head belongs to while ignoring the identity of the body, or vice versa. ",
"alias": "chimerical animal Stroop test",
"ID(c)": 23660
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86c2e871b14",
"name": "rapid automatized naming test",
"definition_text": ""Participants are required to name, as rapidly as possible, items presented visually on a chart. Each chart contains five rows of 10 stimuli from a category of five items. Categories include colors, lowercase letters, digits, and common objects. The tests are scored for total number of errors and time in seconds taken to complete each chart." - (Meyer, Wood, Hart, & Felton 1998)",
"alias": "RAN",
"ID(c)": 23661
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86c473a7166",
"name": "underlining test",
"definition_text": "This test involves finding and underlining stimuli among other stimuli. There are four conditions of the test: finding and underlining letters among other letters, drawings among other drawings, real words among nonsense letter strings, and then specific nonsense words among others. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23662
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86c55f3d5df",
"name": "WISC-R Mazes",
"definition_text": "This task involves completing a series of increasingly complex mazes. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23663
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86dbcd8ff78",
"name": "rapid serial object transformation",
"definition_text": "A task where two sets of differently colored superimposed patterns of dots rotate in opposite directions. The participant is asked to pay attention to on set of dots. One of the sets of dots will then move across the screen and the participant must say which direction the dots are moving. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23664
},
{
"id": "trm_4b94affc43245",
"name": "Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence",
"definition_text": "The WASI meets the demand for a reliable, brief measure of intellectual ability in clinical, educational and research settings for ages 6 to 89 years. With parallel forms of WAIS-IIIUK and WISC-IIIUK subtests, it offers the clinician a means of reducing practice effects on repeat testing. It yields traditional verbal, performance and full scale IQ scores and is linked to the WISC-IIIUK and WAIS-IIIUK. The WASI allows you to choose whether to use the four or two subtest format.",
"alias": "WASI",
"ID(c)": 23665
},
{
"id": "trm_4b9568b2865c2",
"name": "MicroCog",
"definition_text": "a commercially developed computerized assessment battery designed to detect early signs of cognitive impairment",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23667
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e0a9576c3b",
"name": "letter number sequencing",
"definition_text": "a task that requires the reordering of an initially unordered set of letters and numbers",
"alias": "letter-number sequencing",
"ID(c)": 23668
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e0add96550",
"name": "oculomotor delayed response",
"definition_text": "a task that requires an eye movement to be made to a cued location after a delay",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23669
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d10cd776e",
"name": "operation span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are asked to perform a simple mathematical verification (e.g., 4/2 +1 = 3) and then read a word, with a recall test following some number of those verify/read pairs. The maximum number of words that can be recalled is the "operation span".",
"alias": "OSPAN",
"ID(c)": 23670
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d168898db",
"name": "reading span task",
"definition_text": "A task that requires participants to read series of unconnected sentences aloud and to remember the final word of each sentence of a series (grouped according to the total number of sentences). With each sentence presented on a card, participants were cued to recall the memorized end-of-sentence words in their original order by a blank card at the end of a series. The number of sentences of a series was incrementally increased until a participant's reading span, or the maximum number of final words correctly recalled, was found. (From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_span_task)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23671
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d1d16071e",
"name": "listening span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects must listen to a set of sentences and remember the last word in the sentence. The number of words that can be recalled is the "listening span." ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23672
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d2a93ea15",
"name": "AX-CPT task",
"definition_text": "A version of the continuous performance task in which subjects are told to make one response for the letter X when it was preceded by the letter A, and another response for all other stimuli. AX trials are "target trials"; in these types of trials a valid cue is followed by a valid probe. The 3 other trial types are "Non-target trials" in which either a valid cue is followed by an invalid probe ("AY" type trials) or an invalid cue is followed by either a valid or invalid probe ("BX" or "BY" probes, respectively). ",
"alias": "Continuous performance Test - AX version",
"ID(c)": 23673
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d325977f0",
"name": "self ordered pointing task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a set of stimuli is presented, and subjects must point to one stimulus at a time, without ever pointing at the same stimulus twice.",
"alias": "self ordered pointing task, SOPT",
"ID(c)": 23674
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d4054f38b",
"name": "keep-track task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are first shown a set of categories to keep track of for a particular trial (e.g., animals, colors, and countries). They are then presented with words (including words from each category), and must remember the last word that was presented from each of the categories and recall those words at the end of the trial. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23675
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8989e1f3df7",
"name": "acupuncture task",
"definition_text": "subjects are monitored for their cognitive, behavioral, and/or physiological responses to stimulation with filamentous needles",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23676
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898a20eb254",
"name": "braille reading task",
"definition_text": "Blind subjects read Braille words with their finger(s).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23677
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898a680e424",
"name": "breath-holding",
"definition_text": "The subject is cued to breathe in and then hold their breath for an extended period of time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23678
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898a8fd3afb",
"name": "chewing/swallowing",
"definition_text": "Subjects chew an oral stimulus that is not food (e.g., gum) or swallow their own saliva. If the oral stimulus is food or liquid that is swallowed, then the correct paradigm class is eating/drinking",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23679
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898acd1f28e",
"name": "pavlovian conditioning task",
"definition_text": "participants encounter a stimulus (designated the "conditional stimulus" or CS and being one without inherent significance) is paired with an unconditional stimulus or US, so named because it is biologically significant (e.g. food, sex, drug, pain), so that the participant responds to the former in a way that conveys his or her association of the two; subtypes of classical conditioning vary the temporal relationship between the CS and US.",
"alias": "classical conditioning task",
"ID(c)": 23680
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b02722d2",
"name": "Counting/Calculation",
"definition_text": "Subjects count, add, subtract, multiply, or divide various stimuli (numbers, bars, dots, etc).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23681
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b29660b0",
"name": "cued explicit recognition",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a list of items (words, pictures, sounds, or abstract patterns) prior to scanning. During scanning, probe words are presented and subject recall if the words are familiar or unfamiliar.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23682
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b4b463aa",
"name": "deception task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are asked to perform a task and either lie or be truthful in their responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23683
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b8c2d071",
"name": "deductive reasoning task",
"definition_text": "Participants generate or evaluate conclusions based on given or well-known premises.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23684
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898bbab4fd4",
"name": "divided auditory attention",
"definition_text": "During the performance of an unrelated task, subjects simultaneously respond to auditory stimuli (tone or word discrimination, with or without distractors). Also often co-coded with Tone Monitor/Discrimination.",
"alias": "divided attention test",
"ID(c)": 23685
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898be57fcbc",
"name": "drawing",
"definition_text": "Subjects draw lines, circles, or drawings using a pen or stylus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23686
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898c0786246",
"name": "eating/drinking",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23687
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898c33ee5f8",
"name": "encoding task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view stimuli (words, pictures, letters) and are instructed to memorize them.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23688
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898c8bf1b4f",
"name": "episodic recall",
"definition_text": "Subjects recall items from episodic memory (autobiographical history, long-term event memories). This class is commonly used in generating a type of emotion linked to a specific memory. This class does NOT include tasks which probe semantic memory (memory of facts or concepts) in which subjects are asked to recall stimuli that were memorized prior to scanning - those are coded as Cued Explicit Recognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23689
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898cb4ada49",
"name": "face monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with human faces and are instructed to view them passively or discriminate according to their order, gender, location, emotion, or appearance. If the subjects view the faces passively, then the experiment is NOT co-coded with Passive Viewing.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23690
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898da401420",
"name": "film viewing",
"definition_text": "Subjects view movie or film clips passively or are required to make a discrimination when the clip is over.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23691
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898f079d05e",
"name": "finger tapping task",
"definition_text": "Subjects tap their fingers according to a visual, auditory, or no cue.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23692
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898f72228f3",
"name": "fixation task",
"definition_text": "Subjects fixate on a visual target.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23693
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898f8f297ac",
"name": "flashing checkerboard",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a flashing checkerboard.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23694
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898fad429ed",
"name": "flexion/extension",
"definition_text": "Subjects move (flex and extend) their hands, arms, legs, feet, lips, tongue, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23695
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898fc6722f4",
"name": "free word list recall",
"definition_text": "Participants view a list of words and after a delay are asked to freely recall the words presented.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23696
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898ff0bea97",
"name": "grasping task",
"definition_text": "Subjects grasped or gripped a presented stimulus with their hand or mimicked grasping one that was not physically presented (i.e., was imaginary or presented as a picture or video).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23697
},
{
"id": "trm_4c899005b11d5",
"name": "imagined movement",
"definition_text": "Subjects imagine performing some movement (e.g., finger tapping, reaching).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23698
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89903149aeb",
"name": "imagined objects/scenes",
"definition_text": "Subject generate vivid images of objects, places, concepts, hypothetical events (not in their past), or the completion of tasks.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23699
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990480ad0f",
"name": "isometric force",
"definition_text": "Subjects use their hands or fingers to apply isometric force or complete a precision grip task.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23700
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990810541d",
"name": "mental rotation task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view visual stimuli (2D or 3D) and determine whether and to what extent they are rotated between trials.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23701
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89909cc1f33",
"name": "micturition task",
"definition_text": "Subjects think about voiding urine, provide urine samples, or keep a micturition diary.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23702
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990b07a037",
"name": "music comprehension/production",
"definition_text": "Subjects listen to music passively or are asked to sing overtly.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23703
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990c87035d",
"name": "naming (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them silently",
"alias": "covert naming task, covert production task",
"ID(c)": 23704
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990e187dc7",
"name": "naming (overt)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them aloud.",
"alias": "overt naming task, reading aloud task",
"ID(c)": 23705
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990f59266f",
"name": "non-painful electrical stimulation",
"definition_text": "Subjects are electrically stimulated below pain threshold.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23706
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89910b7f8bc",
"name": "non-painful thermal stimulation",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience thermal stimulation (heat) below pain threshold.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23707
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89912c79030",
"name": "olfactory monitoring/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with odors and are instructed to smell them passively or to discriminate according to some feature (pleasant/unpleasant, strong/weak, same/different, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23708
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89913f80802",
"name": "orthographic discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view letters and discriminate according to some feature (uppercase/lowercase, alphabetic order, same/different spelling of words, vowel/consonant, font size, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23709
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8991c5beb0a",
"name": "pain monitor/discrimination task",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience thermal or electrical stimulation at a painful threshold.",
"alias": "pain judgment task",
"ID(c)": 23710
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8991e6e8597",
"name": "paired associate recall",
"definition_text": "Subjects are shown paired stimuli prior to the task. During the task, subjects are shown a single stimuli and are asked to recall the associated pair. Stimuli may be words, faces, objects, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23711
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8991fadfe01",
"name": "passive listening",
"definition_text": "Subjects listen to various auditory stimuli and make no response. Stimuli include speech (words, sentences), noise, tones, etc. If the stimulus is tones, then the experiment is co-coded with Tone Monitor/Discrimination.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23712
},
{
"id": "trm_4c899211a965c",
"name": "passive viewing",
"definition_text": "Subjects view various visual stimuli and make no response. Stimuli include houses, faces, objects, fractals, letter strings, line drawings, complex scenes, etc. If the presented stimuli were faces, the experiments are co-coded with Face Monitor/Discrimination. But if the presented stimuli are words, the experiments are not coded as passive viewing but rather as reading (covert).",
"alias": "passive watching",
"ID(c)": 23713
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89922cb6402",
"name": "phonological discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view or listen to phonemes, syllables, or words and discriminate according to some feature of their sounds (rhyming, number of syllables, homophones, etc.).",
"alias": "phonological decision task",
"ID(c)": 23714
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89924414c69",
"name": "pitch/monitor discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with various stimuli (human speech and non-speech vocalizations, animal vocalization, mechanical noise, etc.) and are instructed to listen to them passively (also co-coded with Passive Listening), or discriminate based on pitch (pleasant/unpleasant, same/different, duration, familiar/unfamiliar, male/female).",
"alias": "pitch discrimination task",
"ID(c)": 23715
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89926767870",
"name": "pointing task",
"definition_text": "Subjects look and point at a target (e.g. cursor with their arm, hand, finger, or shoulder).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23716
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a82ba8a538",
"name": "reading (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view words, pseudo-words, Asian characters, phrases, or sentences and read them silently.",
"alias": "covert reading task, silent reading task, silent production task",
"ID(c)": 23717
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a82eeaa58f",
"name": "reading (overt)",
"definition_text": "subjects view words, pseudo-words, logograms, phrases, or sentences and read them aloud.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23718
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a830dec136",
"name": "recitation/repetition (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects silently repeat or recite phonemes, words, or well-known text (nursery rhymes, Pledge of Allegiance, months of the year, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23719
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a8329cb8ff",
"name": "recitation/repetition (overt)",
"definition_text": "Subjects repeat or recite phonemes, words, or well-known text (nursery rhymes, Pledge of Allegiance, months of the year, etc.) aloud.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23720
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a834779883",
"name": "rest eyes open",
"definition_text": "Subjects rest passively with their eyes open. Often used as a baseline for comparison for other tasks.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23721
},
{
"id": "trm_50f72e93ea9e3",
"name": "Motor Screening Task",
"definition_text": "The Motor Screening Task is typically administered at the beginning of a battery, and serves as a simple introduction to the touch screen for the participant. If a participant is unable to comply with the simple requirements of this task it is unlikely that they will be able to complete other tasks successfully. This task therefore screens for visual, movement and comprehension difficulties.",
"alias": "(MOT)",
"ID(c)": 23722
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a83cac75f5",
"name": "sequence recall/learning",
"definition_text": "Subjects learn and/or perform a complex sequence of finger tapping, button pressing, pointing/clicking, or various other motor responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23723
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a83f27ac55",
"name": "spatial location/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view shapes or other stimuli (letters, pictures, numbers, or arrows) and discriminate according to their location, orientation, or size.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23724
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a840d6f969",
"name": "subjective emotional picture discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view pictures and are instructed to respond to emotional pictures, to indicate which pictures are pleasant/unpleasant or funny/not funny, or rate the valence of emotional pictures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23725
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a842512a33",
"name": "syntactic discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects viewed grammatically correct and incorrect sentences and discriminate according to their grammar. This class also includes morphosyntactic tasks such as gender discrimination of words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23726
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a843d8d352",
"name": "tactile monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience tactile/somatosensory stimulation and are asked to attend passively or discriminate according to some feature (shape, texture, same/different, frequency of presentation, etc.) Also includes: subjects are presented with 3-dimensional objects and are asked to manipulate them in their hands and probe their features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23727
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a8467304e2",
"name": "theory of mind task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are asked to perform a task involving the understanding of another's personal beliefs and feelings or forming hypotheses regarding the mental states of others.",
"alias": "TOM task",
"ID(c)": 23728
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84825c4e4",
"name": "tone monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with tones and are instructed to listen to them passively (also coded as passive listening) or discriminate according to their order, timing, pitch, frequency, or amplitude.",
"alias": "tone discrimination task, tone monitoring task",
"ID(c)": 23729
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84afdd863",
"name": "vibrotactile monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience vibrotactile stimulation to the hand, finger, arm, toe, or lip.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23730
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84d4c4157",
"name": "video games",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23731
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84f20dde2",
"name": "visual attention task",
"definition_text": "This category is a catch-all for visuoattention paradigms. Examples include: subjects press a button when a visual target (letters, bars, circles, asterisks, LEDs, etc) appears; subjects detect changes in luminance, shape, or color of visual stimuli; subjects fixate on a central stimuli while ignoring peripheral distractors. Also includes cued, attention shift, and divided attention paradigms.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23732
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a85534241d",
"name": "visual pursuit/tracking",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a moving target(s) and track its movement across the screen. Frequently, stimuli are moving dots.",
"alias": "tracking task",
"ID(c)": 23733
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a8575d1e55",
"name": "whistling",
"definition_text": "participants are cued to inhale and to whistle at fixed intervals, usually during some measure of brain physiology",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23734
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a858da803d",
"name": "word stem completion (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view word stems and silently generate a word that completes the stem.",
"alias": "WSC",
"ID(c)": 23735
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a85a4564b2",
"name": "word stem completion (overt)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view word stems and overtly generate a word that completes the stem.",
"alias": "word stem completion task, WSC",
"ID(c)": 23736
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a85c5c75eb",
"name": "writing task",
"definition_text": "Subjects write letters or words with a pen, stylus, or their finger.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23737
},
{
"id": "trm_4cacee4a1d875",
"name": "mixed gambles task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with gambles in which they have a 50% chance of gaining some amount of money and a 50% chance of losing some other amount of money. The subject decides whether or not they would accept the gamble. The amount of the potential gain and loss are varied across trials. Gambles are not resolved during performance of the task; after the end of the task, some gambles are chosen at random and played for real money if they were accepted. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23738
},
{
"id": "trm_4cacf22a22d80",
"name": "Probabilistic classification task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a set of stimuli and must classify those stimuli into one of two categories. In a common version known as the "weather prediction task" the stimuli are cards with geometric shapes on them and the outcomes are rainy versus sunny weather. The feedback is probabilistic, and performance is measured by the proportion of statistically optimal responses.",
"alias": "probabilistic classification learning task, weather prediction task",
"ID(c)": 23739
},
{
"id": "trm_4cacf3fbc503b",
"name": "conditional stop signal task",
"definition_text": "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response, but only for a subset of possible responses. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23740
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb94981d",
"name": "action imitation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a participant sees another person perform an action and later performs the same action him/herself. Imitation can be immediate or delayed. It can be instructed or elicited implicitly (without the participant's conscious awareness). The actions imitated can be familar/meaningful actions or unfamilar/meaningless actions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23741
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949846",
"name": "action observation task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view images of actions in order to learn the action themselves. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23742
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949858",
"name": "adult attachment interview",
"definition_text": "Standardized interview used to assess developmental and attachment history. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23743
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949869",
"name": "antisaccade/prosaccade task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a fixation point and a visual target is presented. Subjects are instructed to make a saccade away from the target (antisaccade) or to the target (prosaccade).",
"alias": "antisaccade task",
"ID(c)": 23744
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949879",
"name": "rapid serial visual presentation task",
"definition_text": "attentional processing of a first stimulus interferes with and/or delays the allocation of attention to a second stimulus if the second is presented before the processing of the first has been completed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23745
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949889",
"name": "audio-visual target detection task",
"definition_text": "This task pairs auditory and visual stimuli. Participants are asked to indicate when the paired stimuli are presented in synchrony, or to identify the locations of the stimuli among distracting visual and auditory information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23746
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498ab",
"name": "behavioral rating inventory of executive function",
"definition_text": "used for evaluating and planning treatment strategies for a wide spectrum of developmental and acquired neurological conditions, including learning disabilities, low birth weight, ADHD, Tourette's disorder, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Autism; consists of 8 non-overlapping clinical scales that form two broader indexes: Behavior Regulation (three scales) and Metacognition (five scales). A Global Executive Composite score is also produced; completed by parents and teachers, is suitable for children as young as 5 years old.",
"alias": "BRIEF",
"ID(c)": 23748
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498bc",
"name": "Benton facial recognition test",
"definition_text": "A tool used to assess deficits in facial recognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23749
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498ce",
"name": "Birmingham object recognition battery",
"definition_text": "a set of standardized procedures for assessing neuropsychological disorders of visual object recognition which includes tests to assess low-level aspects of visual perception (using same-different matching of basic perceptual features, such as orientation, length, position and object size), intermediate visual processes (e.g., matching objects different in viewpoint), access to stored perceptual knowledge about objects (object decision), access to semantic knowledge (function and associative matches) and access to names from object (picture naming).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23750
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498df",
"name": "block tapping test",
"definition_text": "tool used for assessment of visual short-term memory and implicit visual-spatial learning. An examiner taps a series of blocks and the subject must repeat in the correct sequential order. If the sequence is correct, the examiner adds another tap to the next sequence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23751
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498ef",
"name": "boston naming test",
"definition_text": "assesses the ability to name pictures of objects through spontaneous responses and need for various types of cueing, inferences can be drawn regarding language facility and possible localization of cerebral damage.",
"alias": "BNT",
"ID(c)": 23752
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949900",
"name": "California Verbal Learning Test-II",
"definition_text": "A comprehensive and detailed assessment of verbal learning and memory available for older adolescents and adults. In addition to recall and recognition scores, it measures encoding strategies, learning rates, error types, and other process data.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23753
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949912",
"name": "Cambridge Face Memory Test",
"definition_text": "a test with high reliability and validity that assesses the ability to learn and then recognize six new faces.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23754
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949923",
"name": "category fluency test",
"definition_text": "a psychological test in which participants have to say as many words as possible from a category in a given time (usually 60 seconds), this category can be semantic, such as animals or fruits, or phonemic, such as words that begin with letter p.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23755
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949934",
"name": "choice reaction time task",
"definition_text": "Choice reaction time tasks require distinct responses for each possible class of stimulus. For example, the subject might be asked to press one button if a red light appears and a different button if a yellow light appears.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23756
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499a8",
"name": "Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-3",
"definition_text": "3rd edition of an assessment used to evaluate the nature and extent of language difficulties in school children and adolescents.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23757
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499b8",
"name": "color-discrimination task",
"definition_text": "is a behavioral task where a subject is to make specific responses when presented with particular colors. The responses to the various colors are then evaluated to see if the subject was able to discern between different colors. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23758
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499c7",
"name": "continuous recognition paradigm",
"definition_text": "In the continuous recognition paradigm, study and test phases are not separate entities, but rather, items are continuously presented and the participant is instructed to respond to an item as "old" if it has been seen before (generally presented a second time) in this continual stream of item presentation. Items that were correctly called "old" are the subsequently remembered trials, and items that were "missed" (not called old upon second presentation) make up the subsequently forgotten trials. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23759
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499d5",
"name": "cups task",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants choose between a risky and safe option. Each trial involves either gains or losses. The options are presented as a choice of cups. The risky option involves two to five cups, one containing a gain (loss) of $2, $3 or $5, and the others containing $0. If the latter option is selected, the payoff from one cup is selected at random. The safe cup offers a sure gain (loss) $1.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23760
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499e3",
"name": "delayed match to sample task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view an item(s). After a brief delay a probe item is presented and subjects are asked to recall if the probe item was presented before the delay (during encoding). Stimuli can be words, pictures, or abstract patterns. ",
"alias": "dms task, delayed matching to sample task",
"ID(c)": 23761
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499f1",
"name": "delayed nonmatch to sample task",
"definition_text": "A task in which an target is presented and then removed from view. This target must be maintained in working memory for a delay, after which it is presented with non-target(s). The participant's task is to identify the non-target.",
"alias": "DNMS task, delayed nonmatching to sample task",
"ID(c)": 23762
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499ff",
"name": "delayed recall test",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are given information to remember (list of words or paragraph) and which they are asked to reproduce after some span of time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23763
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a0d",
"name": "digit span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are presented with sequentially presented digits and are then asked to recall the items. The number of digits that can be correctly recalled provides an estimate of working memory capacity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23764
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a25",
"name": "digit/symbol coding test",
"definition_text": "a neuropsychological test sensitive to brain damage, dementia, age and depression; consists of (e.g. nine) digit-symbol pairs (e.g. 1/-,2/â´ ... 7/Î,8/X,9/=) followed by a list of digits. Under each digit the subject should write down the corresponding symbol as fast as possible. The number of correct symbols within the allowed time (e.g. 90 or 120 sec) is measured.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23765
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a33",
"name": "doors and people test",
"definition_text": "Doors and People is a test of long-term memory. It yields a single age-scaled overall score which can be âunpackedâ to give separate measures of visual and verbal memory, recall and recognition, and forgetting.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23766
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a41",
"name": "Edinburgh Handedness Inventory",
"definition_text": "a measurement scale used to assess the dominance of a person's right or left hand in everyday activities. It consists of a questionnaire with 10 activities listed (writing, drawing, throwing, using scissors, using a toothbrush, using a knife without a fork, using a spoon, the upper hand when using a broom, striking a match, and opening the lid of a box). Participants must indicate which hand they would use, and the strength of this preference (strong, less strong, indifferent).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23767
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a4f",
"name": "Eriksen flanker task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants view stimuli (typically arrows) presented one at a time and to which they must make a simple lexical response. These stimuli are surrounded by either distracting or facilitating items. Distracting items are typically associated with an opposite response ("incongruent" = pointing in opposite direction to target stimulus), whereas facilitating items are typically associated with the same response as the target stimulus ("congruent" = pointing in the same direction as the target stimulus).",
"alias": "flanker task, NIH Toolbox Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test",
"ID(c)": 23768
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a5d",
"name": "extradimensional shift task",
"definition_text": "A task in which multiple (typically two) stimuli are presented simultaneously and the subject must select the stimulus that matches the currently relevant rule. The relevant rule alternates or "shifts" among multiple (typically two) rules. The rule represents the relevant task "dimension". The stimulus-response mappings are unique and constant within each possible rule dimension.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23769
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a6a",
"name": "face n-back task",
"definition_text": "Task in which face stimuli are presented one at a time in a continuous stream, and the objective is to detect when the current face matches the face presented n previously (1,2, or 3 faces before).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23770
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a78",
"name": "Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence",
"definition_text": "a standard instrument for assessing the intensity of physical addiction to nicotine.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23771
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a85",
"name": "forward digit span task",
"definition_text": "A method of short-term memory measurement in which a person listens to someone say a series of single-digit numbers and must repeat them back in the same order they were given.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23772
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a93",
"name": "go/no-go task",
"definition_text": "A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants perform a binary decision on each stimulus. One of the outcomes requires participants to make a motor response (go), whereas the other requires participants to withhold a response (no-go). Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each event. Go events typically occur with higher frequency than no-go events. ",
"alias": "go/nogo task",
"ID(c)": 23773
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949aa1",
"name": "Gray Oral Reading Test - 4",
"definition_text": "Measures growth in oral reading and aids in the diagnosis of oral reading difficulties. Five scores provide information on oral reading skills in terms of: Rate, accuracy, fluency, comprehension, overall reading ability, and comprehension. The test consists of two parallel forms, each containing 14 developmentally sequenced reading passages with five comprehension questions following each passage.",
"alias": "GORT-4",
"ID(c)": 23774
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949aae",
"name": "Hooper visual organization test",
"definition_text": "a neuropsychological test of visual spatial ability that presents participants with a line drawing of a common object that has been broken into fragments, and asks participants to name what the object would be if reassembled.",
"alias": "VOT",
"ID(c)": 23775
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949aca",
"name": "International Affective Picture System",
"definition_text": "a database of photographs used in emotion research.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23777
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ad7",
"name": "intradimensional shift task",
"definition_text": "A task in which multiple (typically two) stimuli are presented simultaneously and the subject must select the stimulus that matches the currently relevant rule. The rule represents the relevant task "dimension". The stimulus-response mappings within this dimension alternate or "shift" among multiple (typically two) alternatives. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23778
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949af3",
"name": "Ishihara plates for color blindness",
"definition_text": "a test for red-green color deficiencies that consists of a number of colored plates, called Ishihara plates, each of which contain a circle of dots appearing randomized in color and size. Within the pattern are dots which form a number visible to those with normal color vision and invisible, or difficult to see, for those with a red-green color vision defect.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23780
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b00",
"name": "Kanizsa figures",
"definition_text": "An ambiguous figure in which the illusory contour of a square (or triangle) appears in the middle of four (or three) truncated solid squares (or circles). It is an illustration of the perceptual ability to make sense of an incomplete figure by creating a 'whole' image from the separate elements (Gestalt organization).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23781
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b1c",
"name": "letter n-back task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants view a continuous stream of letter stimuli. The object of the task is to identify letter repetitions that occur n-trials preceding to the current stimulus.",
"alias": "LNB",
"ID(c)": 23783
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b2b",
"name": "letter naming task",
"definition_text": "Participants are presented with letters and asked to give the name for each letter as it appears or as the researcher points to it.",
"alias": "character naming task",
"ID(c)": 23784
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b38",
"name": "lexical decision task",
"definition_text": "a procedure used in many psychology and psycholinguistics experiments; the basic procedure involves measuring how quickly people classify stimuli as words or nonwords. Subjects are presented, either visually or auditorily, with a mixture of words and pseudowords (nonsense strings that respect the phonotactic rules of a language, like trud in English). Their task is to indicate, usually with a button-press, whether the presented stimulus is a word or not.",
"alias": "word/nonword task",
"ID(c)": 23785
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b46",
"name": "matching pennies game ",
"definition_text": "The game is played between two players, Player A and Player B. Each player has a penny and must secretly turn the penny to heads or tails. The players then reveal their choices simultaneously. If the pennies match (both heads or both tails), Player A receives one dollar from Player B (+1 for A, -1 for B). If the pennies do not match (one heads and one tails), Player B receives one dollar from Player A (-1 for A, +1 for B). This is an example of a zero-sum game, where one player's gain is exactly equal to the other player's loss.",
"alias": "matching pennies task",
"ID(c)": 23786
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b54",
"name": "Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory",
"definition_text": "assess obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the areas of contamination fears and washing behaviors, checking, slowness, and doubting using 30 dichotomously scored (true/false) items, with each pathological response receiving a score of 1. ",
"alias": "MOC, MOCI",
"ID(c)": 23787
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bb1",
"name": "Mini Mental State Examination",
"definition_text": "The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) or Folstein test is a brief 30-point questionnaire test that is used to screen for cognitive impairment. It is commonly used in medicine to screen for dementia. It is also used to estimate the severity of cognitive impairment at a given point in time and to follow the course of cognitive changes in an individual over time, thus making it an effective way to document an individual's response to treatment.",
"alias": "MMSE, Folstein test",
"ID(c)": 23788
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bbf",
"name": "motor sequencing task",
"definition_text": "Participants perform several motoric tasks in a specific sequence/order.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23789
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bcd",
"name": "n-back task",
"definition_text": "A task in which items (e.g., letters) are presented one at a time and participants must identify each item that repeats relative to the item that occurred "n" items before its onset.",
"alias": "0-back task, 1-back task, 2-back task, 3-back task",
"ID(c)": 23790
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bdb",
"name": "nine-hole peg test",
"definition_text": "a timed test of fine motor coordination; the test involves the subject placing 9 dowels in 9 holes. Subjects are scored on the amount of time it takes to place and remove all 9 pegs.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23791
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949be9",
"name": "object-discrimination task",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown pairs or sets of objects. Experimenters then try to discern whether the participant is able to discriminate between the objects. This can be done by having subjects match identical objects to each other, having certain objects become associated with rewards and measuring accuracy, or measuring time spent observing novel objects compared to time spent observing previously seen objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23792
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bf6",
"name": "oddball task",
"definition_text": "A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants must detect the presence of an oddball stimulus. The oddball is a stimulus that occurs infrequently relative to all other stimuli, and has distinct characteristics (e.g., a different tone among auditory stimuli).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23793
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949c04",
"name": "pantomime task",
"definition_text": "is when a subject is asked to explain an emotion or how an object is used by only gesturing with their hands and not using speech. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23794
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ce9",
"name": "Parrott Scale",
"definition_text": "a scale created for self-reporting of subjective states like stress, arousal, and pleasure in nicotine studies",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23795
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949cfb",
"name": "picture naming task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown pictures of objects and asked to identify the item.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23796
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d09",
"name": "Positive and Negative Affect Scale",
"definition_text": "A psychometric scale to measure positive and negative affects in individuals, and both as states and traits. Positive affect questions assess to what extent the participant is attentive, interested, alert, excited, enthusiastic, inspired, proud, determined, strong and active. Negative affect questions assess to what extent the participant is distressed, upset, hostile, irritable, scared, afraid, ashamed, guilty, nervous, and jittery. Participants answer questions on a Likert scale where 0=very, 1=slightly or not at all, 2=a little, 3=moderately, 4=quite a bit, and 5=very much. The questionnaire asks whether participants have felt these traits "during the past few weeks" (trait) and "during the past few days" (state).",
"alias": "PANAS",
"ID(c)": 23797
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d17",
"name": "Posner cueing task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view two stimuli (boxes, letters, etc.) and are cued by an arrow to attend to one of the stimuli. Subjects then discriminate and respond (e.g., press a button when one of the boxes is filled with a diagonal cross, or press the left button for an "X" and the right button for an "O"). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23798
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d25",
"name": "pseudoword naming task",
"definition_text": "Participants are presented (usually one at a time, rather than in list form) with words and pseudowords, which are strings of letters that have no meaning in the language but are still pronounceable and asked to read aloud what they see. In pseudoword choice or decision tasks, they are asked to identify whether the items are words or not.",
"alias": "pseudoword reading task",
"ID(c)": 23799
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d32",
"name": "pyramids and palm trees task",
"definition_text": "a semantic memory test that presents one word or picture above two others. The participant is then asked to identify which of the bottom items best matches the top item. Semantic memory is necessary for the identification of the analogies, which link conceptually two perceptually, and functionally distinct entities.",
"alias": "palmtrees and pyramids task",
"ID(c)": 23800
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d4e",
"name": "reversal learning task",
"definition_text": ""Reversal learning involves the adaptation of behavior according to changes in stimulusâreward contingencies [...] [Reversal learning]is exemplified by visual discrimination tasks where subjects must learn to respond according to the opposite, previously irrelevant, stimulusâreward pairing." - (Clark, Cools, & Robbins 2004)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23802
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d5b",
"name": "risky gains task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a sequence of three numbers in ascending order (20, 40, and 80). Each number is displayed onscreen for one second and, if the subject presses a button while that number is displayed, he/she receives that number of points along with immediate positive visual and auditory feedback. When a 40 or 80 appears, however, there is a chance that it will appear in an alternate color, along with immediate negative feedback signaling a loss of 40 or 80 points, respectively. When this occurs, the trial ends immediately (i.e. the subject may not make a response). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23803
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d69",
"name": "Salthouse and Babcock Listening Span task ",
"definition_text": "Participants listen to an experimenter read a set of sentences. The participant must simultaneously respond to comprehension questions, and record or remember the last word of each sentence. The measure of "listening span" is then the number of correct words recalled.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23804
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d76",
"name": "selective attention task",
"definition_text": "involves a participant to attend to a specific stimuli in the presence of competing stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23805
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d84",
"name": "semantic anomaly judgement task",
"definition_text": "Participants read or listen to sentences, then judge whether the sentence is plausible and makes sense semantically, or is implausible. Sentences may be structurally and gramatically correct, but the verb and noun are incompatible. Often, the structure or length of sentences varies to assess the role of working memory in any resulting deficit. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23806
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d92",
"name": "semantic association task",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown pairs of words or pictures and asked to identify if the items are semantically related.",
"alias": "semantic association judgment task",
"ID(c)": 23807
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d9f",
"name": "sentence completion test",
"definition_text": "a test that provides respondents with beginnings of sentences, referred to as âstems,â and respondents then complete the sentences in ways that are meaningful to them. The responses are believed to provide indications of attitudes, beliefs, motivations, or other mental states. In a common version of this test, the Hayling Sentence Completion Test, a second condition is added, in which participants must complete the sentence with a word that makes no sense, requiring them to inhibit the semantically activated information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23808
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dad",
"name": "set-shifting task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants alternate between two or more judgments typically regarding the same set of stimuli. Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23809
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dbb",
"name": "Simon task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view arrows presented in the right or left visual field that were pointing to the left or right. Subjects respond via button press as to the direction of the arrow. In incongruent stimuli, left-pointing arrows are seen on the right side, and vice versa. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23810
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dc8",
"name": "simple reaction time task",
"definition_text": "Simple Reaction Time (SRT) is a test which measures simple reaction time through delivery of a known stimulus to a known location to elicit a known response. The only uncertainty is with regard to when the stimulus will occur, by having a variable interval between the trial response and the onset of the stimulus for the next trial. As soon as the participant sees the square on the screen, they must press the button on the press pad.",
"alias": "(SRT)",
"ID(c)": 23811
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dd6",
"name": "source memory test",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown a list or series of items (words, pictures, objects). Later, when shown an item, they are asked whether it has was shown to them before, and if they respond affirmatively, they are asked a question about the source of the item. The source question could be what the spatial location of the item was, what color it appeared in, or which list or set it belonged to.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23812
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949de3",
"name": "span/supra-span test",
"definition_text": "Participants are given sequences to recall that exceed their working memory span, usually by about 2 items, however the sequence contains a smaller repeating sequence(s) among the non-repeating items.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23813
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949df1",
"name": "spatial n-back task",
"definition_text": "Participants view a configuration of dots and must indicate whether the dot is in the same position as the dot in the picture presented n previously (0,1,2,or 3). In some variations, participants are asked to identify the location of the dot n pictures back, rather than indicating if the current dot matches.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23814
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dfe",
"name": "Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "instrument used to measure trait (chronic) anxiety, a general propensity to be anxious, and state (temporary) anxiety, a temporary state varying in intensity, in adults.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23815
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e0c",
"name": "Sternberg delayed recognition task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a string of letters. After a delay, a probe letter is presented and subjects indicate if the presented letter was in the previously viewed group. ",
"alias": "Sternberg task, delayed recognition task, Sternberg item recognition task",
"ID(c)": 23816
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e1a",
"name": "stop signal task",
"definition_text": "Participants usually perform a choice reaction time in which they have to respond as quickly as possible to a particular stimulus feature (e.g. colour, shape, identity, or location). On a minority of the trials, the go stimulus is followed by an additional signal (e.g. an auditory tone or a visual cue), which instructs participants to withhold their planned response. ",
"alias": "stop task",
"ID(c)": 23817
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e27",
"name": "Stroop task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view color names presented in various ink colors and are instructed to name the color of the ink. In incongruent stimuli, color names and ink colors are non-matching. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23818
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e5b",
"name": "Symptom Checklist-90-Revised ",
"definition_text": "a relatively brief self-report psychometric instrument designed to evaluate a broad range of psychological problems and symptoms of psychopathology. It is also useful in measuring the progress and outcome of psychiatric and psychological treatments or for research purposes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23821
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e7c",
"name": "syntactic acceptability judgement task",
"definition_text": "Also called the syntactic plausibility judgment task, this task asks participants to read sentences and indicate whether or not they are gramatically correct. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23822
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e8a",
"name": "task-switching ",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants alternate between two or more judgments typically regarding the same set of stimuli. Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23823
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e98",
"name": "temporal discounting task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are asked to choose between a smaller reward earlier in time versus a larger reward later in time.",
"alias": "delay discounting task, intertemporal choice task",
"ID(c)": 23824
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ea5",
"name": "Test of Word Reading Efficiency",
"definition_text": "a nationally normed measure of word reading accuracy and fluency that provides an efficient means of monitoring the growth of two kinds of word reading skills that are critical in the development of overall reading ability: the ability to accurately recognize familiar words as whole units or âsight wordsâ and the ability to âsound outâ words quickly. ",
"alias": "TOWRE",
"ID(c)": 23825
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ec0",
"name": "Trail Making Test A and B",
"definition_text": "A neuropsychological test in which participants must connect-the-dots (traverse between items) according to some specified order. In Test A these items are numbers (1,2,3 etc.) and the order is determined by increasing magnitude. In Test B these items are both numbers and letters (1,2,3, A,B,C etc.) and the order is determined by a combination of increasing numbers AND letters (e.g., 1 A 2 B 3 C..) requiring participants to alternate between letters and numbers.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23827
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ece",
"name": "Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "a rating scale used to follow the longitudinal course of Parkinson's disease, made up of the following sections: (1)evaluation of Mentation, behavior, and mood, (2)self evaluation of the activities of daily life (ADLs), (3)clinician-scored motor evaluation, (4)Hoehn and Yahr stating of severity of Parkinson disease, (5)Schwab and England ADL scale; these are evaluated by interview and clinical observation.",
"alias": "UPDRS",
"ID(c)": 23828
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949edb",
"name": "visual alignment task ",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown misaligned lines and asked to indicate which side the top line is offset. Alternatively, participants may be asked to complete an alignment with a pencil or digital pointer.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23829
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ee9",
"name": "visuospatial cueing task",
"definition_text": "participants look at a computer screen and press buttons to respond to targets. In some of the trials, a visual cue will appear before the target, but in the same spot as the target.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23830
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f04",
"name": "Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised",
"definition_text": "a general test of intelligence, which Wechsler defined as, "... the global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment." In keeping with this definition of intelligence as an aggregate of mental aptitudes or abilities, the WAIS-R consists of 11 subtests divided into two parts, verbal and performance.",
"alias": "WAIS-R",
"ID(c)": 23832
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f12",
"name": "Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Revised",
"definition_text": "used with adults ages 16 to 90 and measures cognitive ability using a core battery of 10 unique subtests that focus on four specific domains of intelligence: verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. ",
"alias": "WAIS",
"ID(c)": 23833
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f21",
"name": "Wisconsin card sorting test",
"definition_text": "The participant is presented with stimulus cards with shapes on them. The cards differ in color of the shapes, number of the shapes, and the form of the shapes. The participant is asked to sort these cards into two piles. The participant is not told what stimulus dimension to use in order to sort the cards, but the administrator tells the participant if a particular match is correct. During the test, the sorting rules are changed and the participant must discover the new sorting rule in order to be successful. ",
"alias": "WCST",
"ID(c)": 23834
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f2f",
"name": "word attack",
"definition_text": "Participants must read non-words aloud. Raw scores are converted into a "reading comprehension age," which is then compared to the participant's real age to determine if they are a poor or gifted reader.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23835
},
{
"id": "trm_4d54b2cc0f943",
"name": "Cambridge Gambling Task",
"definition_text": "Participants see ten boxes at the top of a screen, each of which is red or blue in some ratio. Under one of these boxes is a token, and participants must guess whether the token is under red or blue. On a gambling trial, participants can select some proportion of their allotted points to bet on their judgement.",
"alias": "CGT",
"ID(c)": 23838
},
{
"id": "trm_4d54b8361e93e",
"name": "behavioral investment allocation strategy",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants choose between two stocks (gain/loss gambles, one stochastically dominating the other) and one bond (a sure gain of $1). They must learn through trial-and-error the characteristics of the stocks, which change over blocks of trials. Feedback on payoffs of the forgone options is presented on each trial. ",
"alias": "BIAS",
"ID(c)": 23840
},
{
"id": "trm_4d55997cd3edb",
"name": "non-choice task",
"definition_text": "Each of 12 stimuli (circles of different colors, numbers and sizes) is associated with a different reward magnitude and probability. These include all combinations of (100 and 200) point rewards with (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1) probabilities, plus 300 and 400 rewards with 0.5 probability. Participants are first trained to learn the probabilities and outcomes associated with each stimulus. Next, on each trial, a stimulus appears in one of four quadrants of the screen, and participants indicate which quadrant using a button press.",
"alias": "non-choice task to study expected value and uncertainty",
"ID(c)": 23841
},
{
"id": "trm_4d559bcd67c18",
"name": "balloon analogue risk task",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants pump a simulated balloon without knowing when it will explode. Each pump increases the potential reward to be gained but also the probability of explosion, which wipes out all potential gains for that trial. In most studies, balloon explosion probabilities are drawn from a uniform distribution, and participants must learn explosion probabilities through trial-and-error.",
"alias": "BART",
"ID(c)": 23842
},
{
"id": "trm_4d559d2703bae",
"name": "devil's task",
"definition_text": "This task is a forerunner to the BART: on each trial, participants decide howmany of seven treasure chests to open. They are informed that six boxes contain a prize and one box contains a âdevilâ that will cause themto lose all their potential gains on that trial. Similar to the BART, participants make sequential choices and, after opening each chest, decide whether to continue to the next chest or cash in their earnings to that point.",
"alias": "Slovic's risk task",
"ID(c)": 23843
},
{
"id": "trm_4d55a2bbcfdff",
"name": "choice task between risky and non-risky options",
"definition_text": "a choice made between two or more options when one of those options has some probability >0 of producing either a reinforcing or an aversive consequence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23844
},
{
"id": "trm_4d949c5b0e380",
"name": "rhyme verification task",
"definition_text": "Stimuli are presented in pairs (either words or pseudowords) and the subject is asked to judge whether the pair of stimuli rhyme with one another.",
"alias": "rhyming judgment task, rhyming task, rhyme task, rhyme judgment task, rhyme decision task, rhyming decision task",
"ID(c)": 23846
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6304c9aa23",
"name": "attention networks test",
"definition_text": "a combination of the Posner cueing paradigm and the Eriksen flanker test, the ANT presents participants with a target item (>) surrounded by congruent (> > > > >), neutral (- - > - -), or incongruent flanker stimuli. Stimulus presentation is preceded by different cue conditions and the participant is instructed to identify the target stimulus.",
"alias": "ANT, Attentional Network Task",
"ID(c)": 23847
},
{
"id": "trm_4da63146f12d7",
"name": "remember/know task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23848
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6318f7381b",
"name": "probabilistic reversal learning task",
"definition_text": "participants learn to respond according to the opposite, previously irrelevant, stimulus-reward pairing, often in a visual discrimination task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23849
},
{
"id": "trm_4da631be60291",
"name": "counting Stroop task",
"definition_text": "participants count the number of words in a display of words describing numbers (e.g. "three")",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23850
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6327154fd4",
"name": "scene recognition task",
"definition_text": "subjects are shown a scene and must later decide whether views from different vantage points are of the same scene",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23851
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6331cdeeb5",
"name": "California Verbal Learning Test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23852
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6338803ed2",
"name": "Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Revised",
"definition_text": "The WISC-IV comprises Picture Concepts, Letter-Number Sequencing, Matrix Reasoning and two supplemental tests: Cancellation and Word Reasoning.",
"alias": "WISC, WISC-IV",
"ID(c)": 23853
},
{
"id": "trm_4da633dbb5817",
"name": "word fluency test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23854
},
{
"id": "trm_4da633fe917c4",
"name": "Color Trails Test",
"definition_text": "Designed to be a culturally fair analog of the trail making test (TMT), the CTT presents numbered colored circles and universal sign language symbols. The participant is required to alternate between the number and color sequences in completing the task.",
"alias": "CTT",
"ID(c)": 23855
},
{
"id": "trm_4da634216ebbc",
"name": "dual-task paradigm",
"definition_text": "participant performs two tasks simultaneously",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23856
},
{
"id": "trm_4da869646e5d1",
"name": "item recognition task",
"definition_text": "participants view a series of items (e.g. pictures or words) and after some interval are shown a series including these, during which they specify what items they recognize",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23857
},
{
"id": "trm_4da869e68b5c4",
"name": "memory span test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23858
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86ad02b3ea",
"name": "complex span test",
"definition_text": "a test in which participants must not only memorize items, but must perform an additional cognitive task (e.g. "2 + 2 = 5; A" in which the equation must be evaluated for whether it is true and the letter following must be memorized)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23859
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86b539924c",
"name": "spatial span test",
"definition_text": "part of the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale and Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, it is an analog to a digit span task. White squares are shown, some of which briefly change colour in a variable sequence. The participant must then touch the boxes which changed colour in the same order that they were displayed by the computer (for clinical mode) or in the reverse order (for reverse mode). The number of boxes increases from 2 at the start of the test to 9 at the end, and the sequence and colour are varied through the test.",
"alias": "(SSP)",
"ID(c)": 23860
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86c2a70a7d",
"name": "dot pattern expectancy task",
"definition_text": "descendant of the expectancy AX task, participant views a combination of simple dot formations as cues and probes; for example, ".:." may be a target probe, but should only be responded to if preceded by the cue ":" rather than ".." or any other formation.",
"alias": "DPX",
"ID(c)": 23861
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86c6808ddd",
"name": "Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test",
"definition_text": "a test of intelligence which Raymond Cattell subdivided into "fluid," or inherited, and "crystallized," or learned, designed to minimize the influence of cultural experiences",
"alias": "CCFIT, CFIT",
"ID(c)": 23862
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86c8bb3b04",
"name": "letter comparison task",
"definition_text": "participant views two rows of consonants and must indicate as quickly as possible whether these rows are identical",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23863
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86cb034ff6",
"name": "pattern comparison task",
"definition_text": "This test measures speed of processing by asking participants to discern whether two sideby-side pictures are the same or not. The items are presented one pair at a time on the computer screen, and the participant is given 90 seconds to respond to as many items as possible (up to a maximum of 130). The items are designed to be simple so as to most purely measure processing speed.",
"alias": "NIH Toolbox Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test",
"ID(c)": 23864
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86cdbd9eeb",
"name": "test of variables of attention",
"definition_text": "a target detection task subtype, the T.O.V.A. uses geometric shapes as both target and distractor stimuli",
"alias": "T.O.V.A.",
"ID(c)": 23865
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86cfe8cf1b",
"name": "sustained attention to response task",
"definition_text": "participants are to respond to frequent neutral signals and are required to withhold response to rare critical signals",
"alias": "SART",
"ID(c)": 23866
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87b8bf1511",
"name": "matching familiar figures test",
"definition_text": "participants are shown an image of a familiar object and several comparison images of that object, one of which is identical and the others of which are slightly different; the participant is to select the identical image",
"alias": "MFFT",
"ID(c)": 23867
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87e439c411",
"name": "Tower of London",
"definition_text": "participant must rearrange a set of three colored balls arranged on pegs, in the fewest possible moves, to match a specified configuration",
"alias": "ToL",
"ID(c)": 23868
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87e9c79847",
"name": "dichotic listening task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to attend to one or both channels of different, sometimes disparate, stimuli played simultaneously through a headset",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23870
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87f383435b",
"name": "directed forgetting task",
"definition_text": "subjects are instructed halfway through an incidental or intentional learning task that they should forget what had been presented so far because it was just practice, but after learning is complete are asked to recall the entirety of the learning task (e.g. a list of words)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23871
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87f81bc2c8",
"name": "retrieval-induced forgetting task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23872
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87fb28978e",
"name": "Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test",
"definition_text": "Participant is presented with a series of single digit numbers and are instructed to sum the two most recent digits.",
"alias": "PASAT",
"ID(c)": 23873
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87fdd7820e",
"name": "Porteus maze test",
"definition_text": "participants must trace a path untimed through mazes of increasing complexity without backtracking or lifting their pencil",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23874
},
{
"id": "trm_4da880396c76b",
"name": "Rey-Ostereith Complex Figure Test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23875
},
{
"id": "trm_4da886fc2bc46",
"name": "Visual Patterns Test",
"definition_text": "is a measure of short term visual memory that has been designed for use both as a clinical tool and a research instrument. In the VPT, the subject is presented with matrix patterns of black and white squares in grids of varying size and required to memorize a series of black and white checkerboard-like patterns of increasing complexity. Such matrix patterns are virtually impossible to code verbally.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23878
},
{
"id": "trm_4da8885b33375",
"name": "Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test",
"definition_text": "comprises a number of subtests focused on providing objective measures of everyday memory performance in people with observed and/or reported memory difficulties.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23879
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88a2a63d97",
"name": "paired associate learning",
"definition_text": "was invented by Mary Whiton Calkins in 1894 and involves the pairing of two items (usually words)âa stimulus and a response. For example, words such as calendar (stimulus) and shoe (response) may be paired, and when the learner is prompted with the stimulus, he responds with the appropriate word (shoe).",
"alias": "associative learning task, (PAL)",
"ID(c)": 23880
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88a8e13f26",
"name": "vigilance",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "sustained attention task",
"ID(c)": 23881
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88ae0f2952",
"name": "Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task",
"definition_text": "The Rey is a word-list learning task in which 15 unrelated words are presented orally (usually via audio recording) over three consecutive learning trials. After each presentation, the participant is asked to recall as many of the words as he/she can. The Rey is one of the most widely studied measures of memory and has been used in different languages, cultures and ethnic groups around the world. The test can be administered as a supplement to the PSMT for even more detailed study of episodic memory, or as an accommodation in place of PSMT for those with significant visual impairment.",
"alias": "NIH Toolbox Auditory Verbal Learning Test",
"ID(c)": 23882
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b17b985b",
"name": "nonword repetition task",
"definition_text": "participant is instructed to repeat after each nonword (i.e. phoneme or series of phonemes) spoken in a recording",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23883
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b3b0cbcc",
"name": "response mapping task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23884
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b63787d6",
"name": "pursuit rotor task",
"definition_text": "The pursuit rotor task is a task used in common use in the mid 20th century which involved a participant trying to follow (pursue) a small disc on a rotating turntable. Original mechanical versions had typical rotation rates of 60 RPM, which is probably too fast for mouse-controlled versions. The PEBL version offers a simple version with multiple trials and controllable parameters that can be used as a test of hand-eye coordination. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23885
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b8b60ffb",
"name": "alternating runs paradigm",
"definition_text": "A type of task-switching paradigm in which two different tasks are presented in alternating runs or blocks",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23886
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88bb3c2462",
"name": "object alternation task",
"definition_text": "the participant is to locate a target under one of two objects, and the object it is located under changes each time the target is found",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23887
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88bd4412da",
"name": "animal naming task",
"definition_text": "animals are presented, usually pictorially, and participants are asked to name them aloud",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23888
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88bff0507c",
"name": "CatBat task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to fill in missing letters in a written short story; the first half describes contexts for which "c" would most appropriately complete "_at," while the second half describes contexts for which "b" would most appropriately complete "_at." ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23889
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88c205b16b",
"name": "haptic illusion task",
"definition_text": "cognitive and physiological measures are taken while participant experiences a tactile illusion",
"alias": "tactile illusion",
"ID(c)": 23890
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88c5302e06",
"name": "Brixton spatial anticipation test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23891
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88c904862b",
"name": "Hayling sentence completion test",
"definition_text": "Participants are given the beginnings of sentences to complete. The sentences appear to have expected answers. In the first condition, participants must complete the sentence with a/the word that makes sense. In the second condition, participants are asked to complete sentences by saying semantically unrelated words, thereby making the sentence nonsensical.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23892
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88ec6735ad",
"name": "Uznadze haptic illusion task",
"definition_text": "Two spheres of different sizes are repeatedly placed in participants' hands, and they are asked to compare the sizes; upon the final presentation these are replaced with identically sized spheres.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23894
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890594742a",
"name": "emotional regulation task",
"definition_text": "participant completes task that induces emotional conflict while behavioral and/or physiological data is collected",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23895
},
{
"id": "trm_4da89077f19ae",
"name": "digit cancellation task",
"definition_text": "a descendant of the Lifshitz distractibility test, participants are instructed to cross out particular digits in an array, either with or without an auditory distractor of numbers read aloud",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23896
},
{
"id": "trm_4da89089ce0af",
"name": "zoo map test",
"definition_text": " a planning subtask derived from the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome test battery in which participants must plan in advance a route for visiting particular sites in a zoo",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23897
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890a9bd7a3",
"name": "Morris water maze",
"definition_text": "an open-field water-maze procedure in which rats learn to escape from opaque water onto a hidden platform, used to examine how rodents navigate in the absence of spatial cues",
"alias": "MWM, Morris water task, Morris water navigation",
"ID(c)": 23898
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890cf99b9e",
"name": "Stockings of Cambridge Task",
"definition_text": ""The participant is shown two displays containing three coloured balls. The displays are presented in such a way that they can easily be perceived as stacks of coloured balls held in stockings or socks suspended from a beam. The participant must use the balls in the lower display to copy the pattern shown in the upper display. The balls may be moved one at a time by touching the required ball, then touching the position to which it should be moved."",
"alias": "(SOC)",
"ID(c)": 23899
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890f978492",
"name": "Glasgow Coma Scale",
"definition_text": "is a neurological scale that aims to give a reliable, objective way of recording the conscious state of a person for initial as well as subsequent assessment. A patient is assessed against the criteria of the scale, and the resulting points give a patient score between 3 (indicating deep unconsciousness) and either 14 (original scale) or 15 (the more widely used modified or revised scale).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23900
},
{
"id": "trm_4da8911e715e3",
"name": "Early Social and Communication Scales",
"definition_text": "a 15â20 min videotaped, structured social observational measure designed to assess children's use of eye contact and gestures to regulate and respond to social interactions",
"alias": "ESCS",
"ID(c)": 23901
},
{
"id": "trm_4da8914987ee2",
"name": "Reynell Developmental Language Scales",
"definition_text": "The Reynell Developmental Language Scales measures language skills in young or developmentally delayed children. The scales include 1) verbal comprehension scale to assess receptive language skills, and 2) expressive language scale to assess expressive language skills.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23902
},
{
"id": "trm_4da891794859f",
"name": "MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories",
"definition_text": "a parent-report measure of language development in children between 8 and 30 months of age. The infant (8-16 months) form comprises vocabulary checklists, actions, and gestures, while the toddler (16-30 months) form comprises vocabulary, sentences, and grammar.",
"alias": "CDIs",
"ID(c)": 23903
},
{
"id": "trm_4da891a546d8c",
"name": "autism diagnostic observation schedule",
"definition_text": "Series of structured and semi-structured tasks that involve social interaction between the examiner and the subject. Subject is given opportunities to exhibit social and communication behaviors relevant to autism.",
"alias": "ADOS",
"ID(c)": 23904
},
{
"id": "trm_4da891d43240c",
"name": "modified Erickson Scale of Communication Attitudes",
"definition_text": "a questionnaire designed to understand how the participant feels about communication, often used in speech therapy",
"alias": "S24",
"ID(c)": 23905
},
{
"id": "trm_4dadbdd0b2b8c",
"name": "delayed response task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23906
},
{
"id": "trm_4dadbe225bdf1",
"name": "spatial delayed response task",
"definition_text": "subjects focus on a fixation cross while a dot-shaped cue appears elsewhere on the screen; after this the fixation cross is replaced by several geometric shapes, one of which the participant must respond to, and when the fixation cross appears again the participant must indicate where the cue had appeared.",
"alias": "SDR, oculo-motor delayed response, OMDR",
"ID(c)": 23907
},
{
"id": "trm_4dadbfd771a54",
"name": "picture-word Stroop test",
"definition_text": "participants view line drawings of commons objects paired with either congruent or incongruent names thereof (e.g. a drawing of an umbrella with the word "BALLOON" or "UMBRELLA" above it)",
"alias": "PWST",
"ID(c)": 23908
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d031bc8c2",
"name": "synchrony judgment task",
"definition_text": "Participants decide whether the unimodal cues to a crossmodal event (stimulus) were in temporal synchrony or not, i.e., whether they were "in synch" or "out of synch".",
"alias": "simultaneity judgment task, SJ",
"ID(c)": 23909
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b6fd33c5",
"name": "position of gap match task",
"definition_text": "participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side have a gap in the same position",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23910
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b16e7aff",
"name": "length match task",
"definition_text": "part of the BIrmingham Object Recognition Battery; participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are the same length",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23911
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d69b7f422",
"name": "temporal order judgment task",
"definition_text": "Participants decide which of two (or more) unimodal cues (e.g. audio or video) was presented first (or sometimes second) in a crossmodal stimulus. Alternatively, unimodal (auditory, visual or tactile) temporal order judgments generally involve deciding which of two spatial locations was presented first.",
"alias": "TOJ",
"ID(c)": 23912
},
{
"id": "trm_4fba857ad04ac",
"name": "immediate memory task",
"definition_text": "a number between 2 and 7 digits is displayed for a brief period and is followed briefly by a blank screen, then another number to which participants respond only if it is identical to the first.",
"alias": "IMT",
"ID(c)": 23913
},
{
"id": "trm_4e550887d92de",
"name": "heat stimulation",
"definition_text": "A heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23914
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5662373bc89",
"name": "heat sensitization/adaptation",
"definition_text": "A long (~ 30 seconds or more) heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation continuously on a visual analogue scale",
"alias": "heat sensibilization / habituation, tonic stimulation model with continuous visual analogue scale",
"ID(c)": 23915
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5bb14d814a8",
"name": "rubber hand illusion",
"definition_text": "One hand is occluded from sight and an artificial hand is lying in front of the participant. Synchronious paint brush strokes are applied to the same fingers of the occluded hand and the artificial hand. The participant rates the sense of ownership of the artificial hand on the Ownership Illusion Questionnaire or reports the felt position of his or her own hand against a ruler (proprioceptive drift).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23916
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5d07565b68e",
"name": "mechanical stimulation",
"definition_text": "A mechanical stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale.",
"alias": "Pin tip stimulation",
"ID(c)": 23917
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5e7ac84c2e5",
"name": "dual sensitization",
"definition_text": "Heat stimuli below, at, and above pain threshold (PT; stimulation interval: 30 â 40 seconds) are applied to the skin and the participant gives continuous pain ratings on a visual analogue scale. ",
"alias": "tonic heat stimulation model",
"ID(c)": 23918
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5fcd75efb58",
"name": "thermal grill illusion",
"definition_text": "Innocuous warm and cool bars that are spatially interlaced are applied together to the skin and produce a painful burning sensation. The participant rates the experienced sensation.",
"alias": "Thunberg Illusion",
"ID(c)": 23919
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6112759926e",
"name": "tonic pain stimulation",
"definition_text": "A long pain stimulus (usually more than 20 seconds) is applied to the skin and the participant gives continuous ratings on a visual analogue scale. Pain can be induced with thermal (hot/cold), electrical, chemical or mechanical stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23920
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6114e7b1ff2",
"name": "phasic pain stimulation",
"definition_text": "A short pain stimulus (usually up to 3 seconds) is applied to the skin and the participant rates the stimulus on a visual analogue scale. Pain can be induced with thermal (hot/cold), electrical or mechanical stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23921
},
{
"id": "trm_4e664d3718e1b",
"name": "cold stimulation ",
"definition_text": "A noxious cold stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23922
},
{
"id": "trm_4e68e08950157",
"name": "electric stimulation",
"definition_text": "An electric stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the perceived pain on a visual analogue scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23923
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6a2f61b17b0",
"name": "capsaicin-evoked pain",
"definition_text": "Capsaicin, the active ingredient of chili peppers, is injected intradermally into the skin and participants rate the experienced sensation on a rating scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23924
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6a44ee854f8",
"name": "cold pressor test",
"definition_text": "The hand or foot is immersed into a bowl of iced water and participants report their sensation from first clear pain to unbearable pain on a scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23925
},
{
"id": "trm_4e8a0dd29ec7b",
"name": "sequential shape matching",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown an object for a fixed period. After an interstimulus interval, typically with no intervening object presentations, a second object is presented. The second object is either the same or a different object. Typically, at least one other factor is manipulated. For example, the object may be presented from different viewpoints at each presentation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23926
},
{
"id": "trm_4e8dd3dfd9fff",
"name": "mixed event-related probe",
"definition_text": "When an experimental run consists of blocks of two or more related behavioral tasks. For example, a mixed event-related probe in a classification learning experiment can consist of alternating blocks of probabilistic classification trials and deterministic classification trials.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23928
},
{
"id": "trm_4eb1f3a8ec119",
"name": "intermodal preferential looking paradigm",
"definition_text": "Infants are trained to associate an image with a linguistic (often a nonsense word) cue and, during testing, hear this auditory cue and see its paired image next to a novel image. If the infant demonstrates a significant preference for the cue-paired word, this is considered evidence for the capacity for word learning.",
"alias": "IPL, IPLP",
"ID(c)": 23929
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc6a6b75ebf",
"name": "tone counting",
"definition_text": "A task in which a participant needs to count and remember the number of specific tones presented in an experimental run.",
"alias": "tone-counting",
"ID(c)": 23930
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc98cc77e7b",
"name": "dual-task weather prediction",
"definition_text": "A task in which a subject must attend and respond to two different tasks contained in one experimental run; one task is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on whether the response was correct or incorrect. The other task requires the subject to listen to different tones and count the number of a specific tone.",
"alias": "dual task weather prediction",
"ID(c)": 23932
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc9d2e397f2",
"name": "classification probe without feedback",
"definition_text": "is preformed after receiving training in the classification learning task. It is similar to the classification learning task but in this task the subject does not receive feedback.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23933
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd44cd88360",
"name": "abstract/concrete judgment: bilingual",
"definition_text": "Task in which subjects are presented with words that are either abstract or concrete nouns, and decide for each term whether it is abstract or concrete.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23934
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd477ab5a11",
"name": "object n-back",
"definition_text": "An n-back task in which the stimuli are images of visual objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23935
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd47b8bab6b",
"name": "object one-back task",
"definition_text": "A one-back task in which the stimuli are images of visual objects",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23936
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd482eba5b1",
"name": "word one-back task",
"definition_text": "A one-back task on which subjects are presented with words or word-like stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23937
},
{
"id": "trm_4f23fc8c42d28",
"name": "monetary incentive delay task",
"definition_text": "task in which subject makes a response within a time window and is potentially rewarded for the response depending on their reaction time",
"alias": "MID, monetary incentive delay (mid) task",
"ID(c)": 23938
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240cb09f8e5",
"name": "semantic decision task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a subject makes a decision about the meaning of a stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23939
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240d346320c",
"name": "covert naming task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects name a stimulus silently",
"alias": "covert production task",
"ID(c)": 23940
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240d7664628",
"name": "semantic relatedness task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects judge whether a set of stimuli are related by meaning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23941
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240e7f989f8",
"name": "auditory temporal discrimination task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject discriminates auditory stimuli based on temporal characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23942
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240edf92865",
"name": "mental imagery task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects create mental images",
"alias": "imagery task",
"ID(c)": 23943
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240f1c740da",
"name": "verbal fluency task",
"definition_text": "A test of the ability to verbally produce words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23944
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240fbdf1601",
"name": "word comprehension task",
"definition_text": "A task that measures the comprehension of word meaning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23945
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241001dfcee",
"name": "letter case judgment task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject decides whether letters are uppercase or lowercase.",
"alias": "case judgment task",
"ID(c)": 23946
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24108555294",
"name": "visually guided saccade task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects make visually guided eye movements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23947
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24112057e90",
"name": "categorization task",
"definition_text": "Task in which a subject classifies stimuli into one of a set of categories",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23948
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241173868a3",
"name": "navigation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject navigates a spatial layout.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23949
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2411c91ae5e",
"name": "recall test",
"definition_text": "A test in which the subject is asked to produce a list of previously studied items.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23950
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24126c22011",
"name": "abstract/concrete task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects decide whether words are abstract or concrete.",
"alias": "abstract/concrete judgment",
"ID(c)": 23951
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2412d4c3b88",
"name": "semantic classification task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject classifies stimuli based on meaning; the detection and classification of semantic relationships between worlds",
"alias": "semantic categorization task",
"ID(c)": 23952
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241325579c6",
"name": "problem solving task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects must solve a conceptual problem.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23953
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24135453d65",
"name": "spelling task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are asked to spell words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23954
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2414059baa8",
"name": "instrumental learning task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a subject learns to respond through rewards.",
"alias": "instrumental conditioning task, operant task",
"ID(c)": 23955
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2414a1bab77",
"name": "phonetic discrimination task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject discriminates stimuli based on phonetic features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23956
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24154867d84",
"name": "logical reasoning task",
"definition_text": "Over 32 trials participants see a phrase (e.g. "A precedes B") and a letter sequence (e.g. "AB") and must evaluate the relationship as true or false.",
"alias": "Baddeley's logical reasoning task, Baddeley's grammatical transformation task",
"ID(c)": 23957
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24179122380",
"name": "mental arithmetic task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject performs arithmetic computations without an external means of recording their work.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23959
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2417d4a63ae",
"name": "random number generation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject generates a series of random numbers.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23960
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24183fe80c6",
"name": "verb generation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with nouns and generate an associated verb.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23961
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24189031a4a",
"name": "cyberball task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects view a set of balls interacting in game. At some point one of the balls is excluded from the game, simulating social exclusion.",
"alias": "cyberball social exclusion task",
"ID(c)": 23962
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24194bce29f",
"name": "conjunction search task",
"definition_text": "A task that requires the subject to search for a stimulus defined by a combination of visual features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23963
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2419c4a1646",
"name": "multisource interference task",
"definition_text": "a task in which the subject must resolve multiple sources of interference",
"alias": "MSIT",
"ID(c)": 23964
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241ab50513b",
"name": "mentalizing task",
"definition_text": "a task in which the participant is asked to reï¬ect on their own and other people's thoughts and feelings and the causes thereof, often by describing characters in stories or placing themselves in characters' places",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23965
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2ac1cd035",
"name": "copying task",
"definition_text": "patients/participants copy pictures or geometric objects",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23966
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241b50caaf7",
"name": "semantic task",
"definition_text": "Any task that requires subjects to process the meaning of stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23967
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241b751c5a0",
"name": "phonological task",
"definition_text": "Any task that requires the subject to process the sound structure of words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23968
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241bd52b509",
"name": "semantic fluency task",
"definition_text": "participants generate words to a given category (e.g. animals, foods)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23969
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241be43458e",
"name": "phonemic fluency task",
"definition_text": "participants are to name as many words starting with a specified letter as possible in a given time interval",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23970
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241c0737cc0",
"name": "semantic memory task",
"definition_text": "A task requiring the subject to use knowledge retrieved from semantic memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23971
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241c735e7f6",
"name": "serial reaction time task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "SRT, serial response time task, SRTT",
"ID(c)": 23972
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241c8d4a75c",
"name": "gender discrimination task",
"definition_text": "participant is shown series of photos either of people in portraits or in scenes and asked to determine their gender",
"alias": "gender judgment task, gender decision task",
"ID(c)": 23973
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241d7adf14e",
"name": "global-local task",
"definition_text": "participants view a stimulus composed of a large character (global) composed of smaller characters (local), e.g. a large "T" formed by an assembly of smaller letters",
"alias": "Navon figure task, Navon letters task",
"ID(c)": 23974
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241e8a01052",
"name": "sentence-picture matching task",
"definition_text": "participants listen to a sentence and must select from several images the one that correspond to the sentence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23975
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241ee9c4e37",
"name": "word-picture matching task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "picture-word matching task",
"ID(c)": 23976
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241fb95918f",
"name": "recency judgment task",
"definition_text": "participants are presented with two lists of words, then (after a brief reasoning test) tested to recall whether a given word had appeared on the first or the second list presented",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23977
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241fd47f16b",
"name": "passive avoidance task",
"definition_text": "in animal models, aversion to an avoidable part of an apparatus is conditioned, and the animal is later tested for whether it will enter this area.",
"alias": "inactive avoidance task",
"ID(c)": 23978
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241fe40a950",
"name": "fame judgment task",
"definition_text": "participants are exposed to a list composed of famous and nonfamous names and then tested for recollection of which names are famous",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23979
},
{
"id": "trm_4f242042e5805",
"name": "Cambridge risk task",
"definition_text": "participant predicts which of two mutually exclusive outcomes will occur, but critically, the larger reward (and penalty) is associated with choice of the least likely outcome, whereas the smallest reward (and penalty) is associated with choice of the most likely outcome",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23980
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2420b042165",
"name": "reappraisal task",
"definition_text": "participants regulate their emotional states using cognitive strategies",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23981
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24211a03b07",
"name": "Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "RAPM",
"ID(c)": 23982
},
{
"id": "trm_4f242172aea5d",
"name": "updating task",
"definition_text": "participants are presented with lists of X items and be required to recall the N most recent; this means that the participant must hold in memory the first N items and, if X > N, update the contents of memory by dropping initial for most recent items",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23983
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2421a62cdf8",
"name": "face working memory task",
"definition_text": "a brief presentation of a face is followed by a delay during which participants are instructed to keep an image of the face in mind, followed by a test face they indicate to match or not to match the initial face",
"alias": "face wm task",
"ID(c)": 23984
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2421c391b83",
"name": "object working memory task",
"definition_text": "participants view a sequence of simple objects and after a short delay are instructed to name them in either a forward or backward sequence",
"alias": "object wm task",
"ID(c)": 23985
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24226fa2903",
"name": "Fitts task",
"definition_text": "any task requiring a rapid, aimed movement to acquire a target, the time of which is measured and, according to Fitts' law, is generally inversely proportionate to distance required and target size",
"alias": "Fitts' task, Fitts tapping task",
"ID(c)": 23986
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24237f2ed47",
"name": "general knowledge task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to either assess a statement (e.g. "Doctors go through extensive training,") or provide simple answers to questions (e.g. "What color are emeralds?" about the world",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23987
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24239cc239e",
"name": "short-term memory task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "STM task",
"ID(c)": 23988
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24247912761",
"name": "face matching task",
"definition_text": "subjects view a reference face and must either simply compare two faces or select one of two differently-oriented comparison faces (e.g. reference face looks straight ahead while comparison face is a three-quarter view) that match it",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23989
},
{
"id": "trm_4f242499b8952",
"name": "target detection task",
"definition_text": "Refers broadly to a kind of task in which participants are to react to a target stimulus among distractor stimuli. Target detection tasks in the absence of competition are considered measures of sustained attention and not selective or divided attention, which are subsumed under cognitive control",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23990
},
{
"id": "trm_5542841f3dcd5",
"name": "color-word stroop with task switching",
"definition_text": "This is a modified Stroop task (Gauthier et al., 2012) that consists of two 60- second blocks each of control and Stroop conditions, interspersed with 60-second rest blocks. In total, there are 4 task and 5 resting blocks, for a total acquisition length of 9 minutes. During task blocks, control or Stroop events always lasts 2.5 seconds, preceded by 1.5 seconds with a fixation cross to maintain a constant gaze direction. For full details, see http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197458012005684",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23991
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24250e0137e",
"name": "orthographic task",
"definition_text": "A task that requires processing of letter structure",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23992
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24258b51e2c",
"name": "living-nonliving task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown pictures of nameable things and must indicate as quickly as possible whether each is living or nonliving",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23993
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24479b0db8f",
"name": "phoneme detection task",
"definition_text": "participants listen to a pseudowords and after a delay are asked whether they contained specific phonemes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23994
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2447dfa5947",
"name": "stop-change task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject makes a discriminative response by default, but makes a different response upon presentation of a stop signal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23995
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2447fe67fb9",
"name": "visual search task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23996
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244860c702c",
"name": "prospective memory task",
"definition_text": "participants are given goals either time-based (e.g. remembering to press a key every two minutes) or event-based (e.g. remembering to press a key when a given word appears on the screen)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23997
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2448d02d4d9",
"name": "object naming task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown a series of objects, sometimes as photos or as line drawings, typically selected for their commonality by previous experiments and/or articles",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23998
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24492504ca0",
"name": "contextual cueing task",
"definition_text": "participants perform visual search for targets among distractor stimuli in invariant or variable conï¬gurations randomly mixed within trials; because targets appear in the same locations within invariant configurations, these configurations function as a context cueing the participant.",
"alias": "contextual cuing task",
"ID(c)": 23999
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24496a80587",
"name": "gambling task",
"definition_text": "A class of tasks in which subjects make decisions about chance gambles.",
"alias": "gamble task",
"ID(c)": 24000
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2449bdcb0b1",
"name": "Wason card selection task",
"definition_text": "a logic puzzle in which participants must decide which cards are consistent with selection criteria",
"alias": "Wason card task, Wason task, selection task",
"ID(c)": 24001
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244a453522b",
"name": "syntactic task",
"definition_text": "A class of tasks involving the processing of linguistic syntax.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24002
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244a67d5b17",
"name": "mirror tracing task",
"definition_text": "participant is to draw a specified pattern while only seeing their hand from a mirrored perspective",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24003
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244a88013ae",
"name": "artificial grammar learning task",
"definition_text": "participant is presented with a series of letter strings constructed according to an artificial and finite set of rules, after which the participant must determine whether new strings follow or violate the grammar established by the first series.",
"alias": "AGL",
"ID(c)": 24004
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244ad7dcde7",
"name": "dot motion task",
"definition_text": "participants view an array of dots of which some proportion is moving in a particular direction and the rest are moving in another.",
"alias": "dot-motion task, moving-dot task, RDM task, random-dot motion task",
"ID(c)": 24005
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244c1f6b53f",
"name": "color naming task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24006
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244d2a54e27",
"name": "autobiographical memory task",
"definition_text": "in a semi-structured interview a participant is asked to recall recent events (within one week, within one month) in his or her own life, and this recollection is compared with report(s) from a "collateral source," a person close to the participant",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24007
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244d64e45bc",
"name": "negative priming task",
"definition_text": "The participant selects a target in the presence of one or more distractors; the negative priming arises between consecutive trials, in which the participant must respond to a target on the current trial that had appeared as a distractor on the previous trial.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24008
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244f0286947",
"name": "analogical reasoning task",
"definition_text": "any task investigating participant ability to find correspondences between structures of distinct mental representations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24009
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244f46ebf58",
"name": "",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24010
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244f997615c",
"name": "bimanual coordination task",
"definition_text": "participants are instructed to move their arms and/or hands according to a novel spatiotemporal relationship",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24011
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244fee7d195",
"name": "multi-attribute decision making task",
"definition_text": "participant is asked to make decisions with several criteria in mind, e.g. to decide whether to purchase a car while considering its cost, image, efficiency, comfort, etc.",
"alias": "MADM",
"ID(c)": 24012
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2452adb7d23",
"name": "odd-even task",
"definition_text": "participant is presented with a digit and instructed to assess whether it is odd or even",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24013
},
{
"id": "trm_4f245326e2eaf",
"name": "biological motion task",
"definition_text": "participant views stimuli composed of objects like points of light moving in several patterns to detect which of these correspond to biological motion",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24014
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2453b806fe1",
"name": "spatial working memory task",
"definition_text": "refers broadly to a paradigm in which the participant's working memory for spatial characteristics of stimuli is tested, such as the SWM in the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). SWM is a test of the participantâs ability to retain spatial information and to manipulate remembered items in working memory. It is a self-ordered task, which also assesses heuristic strategy. This test is a sensitive measure of frontal lobe and âexecutiveâ dysfunction. It has been shown in recent studies that impaired performance on SWM emerges as a common factor in prepsychosis. The test begins with a number of coloured squares (boxes) being shown on the screen. The aim of this test is that, by touching the boxes and using a process of elimination, the participant should find one blue âtokenâ in each of a number of boxes and use them to fill up an empty column on the right hand side of the screen. The number of boxes is gradually increased, until it is necessary to search a total of eight boxes. The colour and position of the boxes used are changed from trial to trial to discourage the use of stereotyped search strategies.",
"alias": "(SWM)",
"ID(c)": 24015
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2453ce33f16",
"name": "social judgment task",
"definition_text": "broadly describing many disparate subtasks, a social judgment task typically describes one in which participants are asked to decide what other people are thinking or would think, or to interpret their behavior",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24016
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2454dfca337",
"name": "relational reasoning task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24017
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24550fc5f38",
"name": "prototype distortion task",
"definition_text": "participant is trained to categorize high and low distortions of a dot array prototype, and are then tested for recognition when shown the prototype, its distortions, and random arrays",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24018
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2456027809f",
"name": "false belief task",
"definition_text": ""The âstandard versionâ of the false belief task presents the child with a character, Sally, who leaves a desirable object such as a chocolate in her basket, before departing the scene. In her absence, another character, Anne, removes the object and places it in a box. Children are asked to predict, on Sally's return to the room, where Sally will look for the object (or, sometimes, where she thinks the object is). Four-year-olds tend to succeed at this task â correctly attributing a false belief to Sally, saying that she will look for the object in the basket â while younger children tend to fail."",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24019
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2456932f11b",
"name": "shadowing task",
"definition_text": "participants are to repeat target words as quickly as possible under various conditions, and when primed, after a brief interval",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24020
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24572cb42e4",
"name": "parity judgment task",
"definition_text": "Participants must judge whether two numbers, either Arabic or verbal (as words), are equal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24021
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2457454e458",
"name": "numerosity estimation task",
"definition_text": "participants estimate number of targets",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24022
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2457d94fd93",
"name": "memory guided saccade task",
"definition_text": "participants fixate on a cross in the center of a screen while a visual cue appears elsewhere on screen; they are instructed that once the fixation cross disappears, they are to direct a saccade to the place where the cue had been",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24024
},
{
"id": "trm_50f72fafa53ec",
"name": "big/little circle",
"definition_text": "The Big/Little Circle test assesses comprehension, learning and reversal. It is also intended to train participants in the general idea of following and reversing a rule, before proceeding to the Intra/Extradimensional Shift test (IED), so should ideally precede the IED task in a battery. Participants must first touch the smaller of the two circles displayed, then, after 20 trials, touch the larger circle for 20 further trials.",
"alias": "(BLC)",
"ID(c)": 24025
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2d71adf87",
"name": "minimal feature match task ",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to select a picture that is the same as the original picture, but the saliency of the objectâs most distinctive feature is reduced",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24026
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2dc0273d9",
"name": "foreshortened view task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to select a picture that is the same as the original picture, but the object's principle axis is foreshortened",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24027
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2e5614028",
"name": "drawing from memory task",
"definition_text": "participants draw images varying in complexity from simple shapes to complex objects like faces",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24028
},
{
"id": "trm_50b65ef129e23",
"name": "Partial Report Procedure",
"definition_text": "Participants are given several sets of characters or stimuli to respond to. In Sperling's version of the task, participants are cued to recall just one subset. Due to the fact that participants did not know which row would be cued for recall, performance in the partial report condition can be regarded as a random sample of an observer's memory for the entire display. Another version involves participants responding by pressing a button when they see only a certain stimulus out of a set appear.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24029
},
{
"id": "trm_50b6660b1b847",
"name": "Implicit Association Task",
"definition_text": "A task designed to measure automatic associations, particularly those which are often affected by social desirability bias in self-report measures. They test the association of positive and negative words or images with certain concepts such as race, gender, religion, self-esteem, and sexuality. Respondents to the IAT experience a higher (conscious, controlled, explicit, reflective, analytic, rational, etc.) level of mental operation, when they try to overcome the effects of the automatic associations, and thus a longer response time when they answer counter to their implicit associations.",
"alias": "IAT",
"ID(c)": 24030
},
{
"id": "trm_50f733d7305a1",
"name": "Spatial Recognition Memory",
"definition_text": "This is a test of visual spatial recognition memory in a 2-choice forced discrimination paradigm. This test is often used, in conjunction with Pattern Recognition Memory (PRM) , before the Paired Associates Learning (PAL) test, as both these tests help to train the participant for PAL. PRM and SRM contain different elements of PAL and the results considered together help to decide on the exact nature of the cognitive deficit being considered. The participant is presented with a white square, which appears in sequence at five different locations on the screen. In the recognition phase, the participant sees a series of five pairs of squares, one of which is in a place previously seen in the presentation phase. The other square is in a location not seen in the presentation phase. As with the PRM test, locations are tested in the reverse of the presentation order. This sub-test is repeated three more times, each time with five new locations",
"alias": "(SRM)",
"ID(c)": 24031
},
{
"id": "trm_5023ef8eab626",
"name": "delay conditioning",
"definition_text": "a subtype of classical conditioning in which the conditional stimulus (CS) is presented and, during this presentation, a biologically relevant unconditional stimulus (US) is also presented. Afterward the subject is tested for its reaction to the CS in isolation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24032
},
{
"id": "trm_50240427b4c1b",
"name": "counterconditioning",
"definition_text": "a CS already paired with a particular US is associated with a second US that is often incompatible with the first US",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24033
},
{
"id": "trm_50240f06af135",
"name": "operant task",
"definition_text": "participant learns to associate a particular outcome with a particular effort and characteristics thereof (e.g. frequency, strength)",
"alias": "instrumental learning task, instrumental conditioning task",
"ID(c)": 24034
},
{
"id": "trm_502420a682976",
"name": "NPU-threat test",
"definition_text": "participants are variably exposed to aversive stimuli and cues thereof while being monitored for their behavioral and physiological responses",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24035
},
{
"id": "trm_502985b4baaed",
"name": "psychophysics task",
"definition_text": "stimuli within and/or across modalities are presented to participants, who are then to detect and/or estimate their presence or magnitude",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24036
},
{
"id": "trm_502abd109f255",
"name": "ambiguous figure task",
"definition_text": "a kind of psychophysical task, participants view a stimulus that can be perceived as oriented and/or moving in more than one way",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24037
},
{
"id": "trm_502ad907e3299",
"name": "apparent verticality judgment",
"definition_text": "participants make judgments of their verticality after holding specific body orientations for some duration",
"alias": "AV task",
"ID(c)": 24038
},
{
"id": "trm_502be67697201",
"name": "contrast detection task",
"definition_text": "a psychophysical task in which participants are to discriminate between a nonzero low-contrast stimulus and a blank",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24039
},
{
"id": "trm_5090b32d6b376",
"name": "facial recognition task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown faces expressing various emotions and asked to describe what emotion they believe is being expressed, sometimes also in conjunction with physiological (including neurophysiological) measures",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24041
},
{
"id": "trm_50c0f3e6c596e",
"name": "Time Wall",
"definition_text": "a small object moving at constant velocity passes behind an opaque barrier. The task is to estimate the moment when the object will reappear. It differs from a number of other time-estimate tasks in that discrete mediating responses such as counting or taping are of no direct obvious aid.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24042
},
{
"id": "trm_5181f83b77fa4",
"name": "stop signal task with letter naming",
"definition_text": "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24043
},
{
"id": "trm_50df0d8dc717b",
"name": "attention bias",
"definition_text": "Attention bias refers to the tendency for an emotional stimulus to influence attention. The term is most typically used to refer to biases related to emotional content, typically in bottom-up-capture attention tasks. ",
"alias": "dot-probe",
"ID(c)": 24044
},
{
"id": "trm_50df0dd9d0b6f",
"name": "Incidental encoding task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject is creating new memories without purposely knowing that memorization is the task at hand. Their memories are created thorough working in their environment and picking up information in the process. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24045
},
{
"id": "trm_50df1dd534ff2",
"name": "Space Fortress with Oddball",
"definition_text": "Playing Space Fortress while simultaneously performing an oddball task.",
"alias": "Space Fortress + Oddball",
"ID(c)": 24047
},
{
"id": "trm_50f734f86b11a",
"name": "Emotion Recognition Task",
"definition_text": "ERT measures the ability to identify emotions in facial expressions. The participant is shown a series of faces which appear on the screen briefly and asked to identify the emotion (happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise and fear). One hundred and eighty stimuli, which are computer morphed images derived from the facial features of real individuals each showing a specific emotion, are displayed on the screen, one at a time, in two blocks of ninety. Each face is displayed for a short while (200ms) and then immediately covered up, and then six buttons are displayed, each describing an emotion which could be portrayed in the photograph. The participant must decide which is the appropriate button to describe the emotion and touch the button. There are fifteen different photographs for each of the six emotions, each showing different levels of intensity.",
"alias": "(ERT)",
"ID(c)": 24048
},
{
"id": "trm_50f7370ace495",
"name": "Visual Analogue Scales",
"definition_text": "Visual Analogue Scales are psychometric response scales which can be used as a measurement instrument for subjective states. The CANTAB VAS assess subjective measurements of drug effect, energy levels, sickness, alertness and mood. The participant must respond to sixteen questions as they appear on the screen by touching the on-screen slider and moving it to the appropriate position on the scale.",
"alias": "(VAS)",
"ID(c)": 24049
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb0a01bfd05",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Words-in Noise Test",
"definition_text": "This test was developed by Dr. Richard Wilson to measure a personâs ability to recognize single words presented amid varying levels of background noise. It measures how much difficulty a person might have hearing in a noisy environment. A recorded voice instructs the participant to listen to and then repeat words. The task becomes increasingly difficult as the background noise gets louder. The best score that can be attained (35 correct) for either ear is -2.0 dB S/N, and the worst score (0 correct) is 26.0 dB S/N. Lower scores, therefore, are indicative of better performance on this test.",
"alias": "WIN",
"ID(c)": 24051
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb0dc6668e1",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "This measure of receptive vocabulary is administered in a computerized adaptive format. That is, the next question a participant receives depends on his/her response to the previous question; Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) ensures a test that is tailored to the participantâs needs. The respondent is presented with an audio recording of a word and four photographic images on the computer screen and is asked to select the picture that most closely matches the meaning of the word. ",
"alias": "TPVT",
"ID(c)": 24052
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb17385e9a6",
"name": "NIH Toolbox List Sorting Working Memory Test",
"definition_text": "The List Sorting test requires immediate recall and sequencing of different visually and orally presented stimuli. Pictures of different foods and animals are displayed with accompanying audio recording and written text (e.g., âelephantâ), and the participant is asked to say the items back in size order from smallest to largest, first within a single dimension (either animals or foods, called 1-List) and then on two dimensions (foods, then animals, called 2-List).",
"alias": "List Sorting",
"ID(c)": 24054
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb3b2d1de11",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Oral Reading Recognition Test",
"definition_text": " Separate but parallel reading tests have been developed in English and Spanish. In either language, the participant is asked to read and pronounce letters and words as accurately as possible. The test administrator scores them as right or wrong. For the youngest children, the initial items require them to identify letters (as opposed to symbols) and to identify a specific letter in an array of four symbols.",
"alias": "oral reading",
"ID(c)": 24055
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb461d446e1",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Oral Symbol Digit Test",
"definition_text": "In this test, a coding key with nine abstract symbols is presented â each paired with a number between 1 and 9. Participants are asked to orally indicate which numbers go with symbols that are presented in a long string on the computer screen. The participant is given 120 seconds to call out as many numbers that go with the corresponding symbols as he/she can â without skipping any. This test is administered to ages 8-85 and takes approximately three minutes. The Oral Symbol Digit Test is a measure of processing speed. It can be administered as an accommodation in place of the Pattern Comparison processing Speed Test for those with significant motor limitations in the upper extremities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24056
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb4d3d96ff8",
"name": "NIH Toolbox 9-Hole Pegboard Dexterity Test",
"definition_text": "This simple test of manual dexterity records the time required for the participant to accurately place and remove nine plastic pegs into a plastic pegboard. The protocol includes one practice and one timed trial with each hand. Raw scores are recorded as time in seconds it takes the participant to complete the task with each hand (separate score for each).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24057
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb51c2cd9fe",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Grip Strength Test",
"definition_text": "This protocol is adapted from the grip strength testing protocol of the American Society of Hand Therapy. Participants are seated in a chair with their feet touching the ground. With the elbow bent to 90 degrees and the arm against the trunk, wrist at neutral, participants squeeze the Jamar Plus Digital dynamometer as hard as they can for a count of three. The dynamometer provides a digital reading of force in pounds. A practice trial at less than full force and one test trial are completed with each hand.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24058
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb54d78841b",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Standing Balance Test",
"definition_text": "The Standing Balance Test is a measure developed to assess static standing balance. It involves the participant assuming and maintaining up to five poses for 50 seconds each. The sequence of poses is: eyes open on a solid surface, eyes closed on a solid surface, eyes open on a 18 foam surface, eyes closed on a foam surface, eyes open in tandem stance on a solid surface. Detailed stopping rules are in place to ensure participant safety with these progressively demanding poses. Postural sway is recorded for each pose using an accelerometer that the participant wears at waist level.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24059
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb585f62f24",
"name": "NIH Toolbox 4-Meter Walk Gait Speed Test ",
"definition_text": "This test is adapted from the 4-meter walk test in the Short Physical Performance Battery. Participants are asked to walk a short distance (four meters) at their usual pace. Participants complete one practice and then two timed trials. Raw scores are recorded as the time in seconds required to walk 4 meters on each of the two trials, with the better trial used for scoring. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24060
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb69a57bc96",
"name": "NIH Toolbox 2-Minute Walk Endurance Test",
"definition_text": "This test is adapted from the American Thoracic Societyâs 6-Minute Walk Test Protocol. This test measures sub-maximal cardiovascular endurance by recording the distance that the participant is able to walk on a 50-foot (out and back) course in two minutes. The participantâs raw score is the distance in feet and inches walked in two minutes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24061
},
{
"id": "trm_50f374718a91c",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Hearing Threshold Test",
"definition_text": "This automated audiometric test measures hearing thresholds at six different frequencies, separately in the left and right ears. The frequencies presented are: .5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 kHz. On each trial, the participantâs task is to detect whether a pure tone was presented via headphones by answering yes (tone heard) or no (tone not heard). Catch trials are administered to detect false-alarm responses (cases where the participant says âyesâ when no tone was presented).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24062
},
{
"id": "trm_50f37767e2958",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Hearing Handicap Inventory",
"definition_text": "This is the screening version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory; different versions are presented for adults (ages 18-64) and the elderly (ages 65+). Both versions are 10-item self-report measures of hearing-related disability that have been widely used in hearing research. Each of the ten items has three response options. Each item has three response options, assigned point values of 0, 2 or 4, with higher scores indicative of more of a self-reported problem for each item. The score provided for the test is thus a total summed score, ranging from 0-40.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24063
},
{
"id": "trm_50f379c6c9ea9",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Taste Intensity Test",
"definition_text": "This test measures the perceived intensity of quinine (a bitter tastant) and salt administered in liquid solutions. The tastants are each applied to the tip of the tongue as well as swished around in the whole mouth and are rated on a generalized labeled magnitude scale (gLMS). The gLMS is a measure of perceived intensity, with seven anchor labels provided (Strongest imaginable, Very strong, Strong, Moderate, Weak, Barely detectable, No sensation). Participants can rate their intensity by clicking with a computer mouse on any point on the scale from Strongest imaginable to No sensation. The computer records the exact location of the response. A score from 0-100 on a semi-logarithmic scale is produced for each of the four items (quinine whole mouth, salt whole mouth, quinine tip of tongue, salt tip of tongue), corresponding to the point on the gLMS where the participant clicked. A higher score represents greater perceived intensity of the tastant. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24064
},
{
"id": "trm_50f37caf81432",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test",
"definition_text": "This test directly measures participantsâ visual acuity or distance vision. The participant is seated 12.5 feet away from a computer monitor at eye level, and letters (called âoptotypesâ) are displayed one at a time on the screen for the participant to identify, using both eyes at the same time, with the participant wearing his/her normal corrective lenses for distance vision (glasses or contact lenses), if worn. As the participant successfully identifies optotypes of a given size, smaller ones appear on the screen, until the computer program ascertains the smallest-size optotype the participant can successfully see. Conversely, the program displays larger optotypes if the participant cannot see the size that is first displayed, until a size that he/she can accurately see is found. For participants ages 3-7, only the letters H, O, T and V are used, and children may point to a laminated card showing the letters if they cannot verbalize or recall the letter names. For participants ages 8 and above, the entire set of optotypes is used, following a common protocol used in professional vision testing. This is the standard binocular visual acuity measure scored in LogMAR units.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24065
},
{
"id": "trm_50f37f231aa4c",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Vision-Related Quality of Life Survey",
"definition_text": "This Toolbox Supplemental measure assesses an individualâs self-reported quality of life related to visual function in six different areas: color vision, distance vision, near vision, ocular symptoms, psycho-social and role performance. The participant responds to 53 questions, most of which start with, âHow much,â âTo what extent,â or âHow much of a problem,â choosing from a list of answer options ranging from âNot difficult at allâ to âVery difficult.â",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24066
},
{
"id": "trm_50f38098952cb",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Dynamic Visual Acuity Test",
"definition_text": "This test is a measure of gaze stability during head movement, which helps identify individuals who may have a deficit of the vestibular system (which regulates internal balance). First, the NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test must be administered, followed by the DVA Test. Participants are again seated 12.5 feet from a computer monitor at eye level. For the DVA Test, participants wear lightweight headgear that contains a rate sensor and are asked to move the head back and forth, as if indicating âno.â Once the head is measured to be moving at greater than 180 degrees per second by the rate sensor, an optotype flashes on the monitor, and the participant is asked to identify it. As with the Visual Acuity Test, only the letters H, O, T and V are used for ages 3-7, while ages 8+ use the entire letter set. Smaller optotypes are displayed as the participant correctly identifies letters, and larger ones are displayed if the participant cannot correctly identify the letter shown, until the computer has calculated the smallest size that the participant can see with the head moving. This is calculated separately for head rotation leftward and rightward from center (though the participant continues shaking the head both ways), and this performance is compared to the participantâs visual acuity when the head was stationary (the NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test score, sometimes referred to as âstaticâ visual acuity in the context of the DVA test). The difference between static and dynamic visual acuity represents the vestibular contribution to gaze stability. DVA scoring, as with visual acuity, is based in LogMAR units",
"alias": "DVA",
"ID(c)": 24067
},
{
"id": "trm_50f383e76e03b",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Odor Identification Test",
"definition_text": "This task assesses a personâs ability to identify various odors. Participants use scratch-andsniff cards and after scratching them one at a time, are asked to identify which of four pictures on the computer screen matches the odor they have just smelled. Participants ages 10-85 are administered nine odor cards, while those ages 3-9 are administered five odor cards. Child participants (ages 3-9 years) are first asked to identify the eight pictures used as answer choices to ensure they can complete the task. Having identified the pictures, they are asked if they have tasted or smelled the objects or foods depicted.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24068
},
{
"id": "trm_50f385a8269ce",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Pain Intensity Survey",
"definition_text": "This measure consists of a single item measuring immediate (i.e., acute) pain in adults. It asks a participant to rate level of pain experienced âover the last seven days.â The single item is simply scored on a 0-10 scale, with 0 representing no pain, and 10 representing the âworst imaginable pain.â",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24069
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3862422509",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Pain Interference Survey",
"definition_text": "This brief self-report scale measures the degree to which pain interferes with other activities in life in adults. Pain interference items were developed as part of the NIH PROMIS. Each item administered has a 5-point scale with options ranging from ânot at allâ to âvery muchâ on questions about how much pain interferes with aspects of oneâs life. The survey is scored using IRT methods.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24070
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3c003327c4",
"name": "NIH Toolbox General Life Satisfaction Survey",
"definition_text": "This self-report measure assesses global feelings and attitudes about one's life. A CAT is used for adults, a CAT version is used for ages 13-17, and a 5-item fixed-length form is used for ages 8-12, as well as for the parent-report version with ages 3-12. Items administered include those with both 5-point and 7-point scales, with options in each case ranging from âstrongly disagreeâ to âstrongly agree.â The self-report surveys are scored using IRT methods, whereas the parent-report version is scored as a raw sum.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24072
},
{
"id": "trm_50f5822624e53",
"name": "articulatory suppression task",
"definition_text": "A short-term memory task in which the subject must produce irrelevant speech while maintaining information in memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24073
},
{
"id": "trm_50f5bfef58abb",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Meaning and Purpose Survey",
"definition_text": "This is a self-report measure administered only to ages 18-85 as a CAT. In addition, a fixed-length self-report form is available for ages 18-85 as a supplemental measure. Items administered use a 5-point scale, with options ranging from âstrongly disagreeâ to âstrongly agree,â or from ânot at allâ to âvery much.â The survey is scored using IRT methods.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24074
},
{
"id": "trm_50f741a965470",
"name": "Graded Naming Test",
"definition_text": "The Graded Naming Test, developed by Professor Elizabeth Warrington and Dr Pat McKenna in 1980 , has been used extensively in cognitive neuropsychology. The Graded Naming Test (GNT) avoids the problem of ceiling effects in previous naming tests by having subjects name drawings of objects in ascending difficulty. Reduced efficiency in retrieving the name of an object can be the first and only indication of impaired language functioning. This test assesses object-naming ability, but is in addition graded in difficulty to allow for individual differences. This means that it may be able to detect any word-finding difficulty even in those with an extensive naming vocabulary. Currently available in UK English only (this test is culturally biased and there are no alternative versions at present).",
"alias": "(GNT)",
"ID(c)": 24075
},
{
"id": "trm_50f84e8ab7af8",
"name": "Reaction Time",
"definition_text": "Reaction Time (RTI) is a latency task with a comparative history (the five choice task) and uses a procedure to separate response latency from movement time. It is more useful than CRT or SRT where it is necessary to control for tremor. The task is divided into five stages, which require increasingly complex chains of responses. In each case, the participant must react as soon as a yellow dot appears. In some stages the dot may appear in one of five locations, and the participant must sometimes respond by using the press-pad, sometimes by touching the screen, and sometimes both.",
"alias": "(RTI)",
"ID(c)": 24077
},
{
"id": "trm_50f8516279419",
"name": "Rapid Visual Information Processing",
"definition_text": "Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVP) is a test of sustained attention (similar to the Continuous Performance Task) and has proved useful in many studies in which drugs are used to help develop a disease model.. It is sensitive to dysfunction in the parietal and frontal lobe areas of the brain and is also a sensitive measure of general performance. A white box appears in the centre of the computer screen, inside which digits, from 2 to 9, appear in a pseudo-random order, at the rate of 100 digits per minute. Participants are requested to detect target sequences of digits (for example, 2-4-6, 3-5-7, 4-6-8) and to register responses using the press pad.",
"alias": "(RVP)",
"ID(c)": 24078
},
{
"id": "trm_50f852c084fde",
"name": "match to sample visual search",
"definition_text": "Match to Sample Visual Search (MTS) is a matching test, with a speed/accuracy trade-off. It is a simultaneous visual search task with response latency dissociated from movement time. Efficient performance on this task requires the ability to search among the targets and ignore the distractor patterns which have elements in common with the target. This test can help to differentiate between Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, and also between Lewy Body dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The participant is shown a complex visual pattern (the sample) in the middle of the screen, and then, after a brief delay, a varying number of similar patterns is shown in a circle of boxes around the edge of the screen. Only one of these boxes matches the pattern in the centre of the screen, and the participant must indicate which it is by touching it. Reaction time is measured on the basis of the release of the press-pad, which allows for its more accurate measurement.",
"alias": "(MTS)",
"ID(c)": 24079
},
{
"id": "trm_50f9952c2311a",
"name": "Penn Conditional Exclusion Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of abstraction and concept formation by hypothesis testing, where the principle shifts after its discovery is established.. Subjects decide which of 4 objects does not belong with the other 3 based on one of three sorting principles (e.g., shape, size, line thickness). Sorting principles change after 10 successive correct responses, and feedback is used to guide discovery of the principle and indicate its change. There are 4 alternate forms available. An accuracy score is calculated by multiplying the proportion of correct responses by the number of categories attained (out of 3 possible).",
"alias": "(PCET)",
"ID(c)": 24080
},
{
"id": "trm_50f998dcbfcc8",
"name": "Penn Word Memory Test",
"definition_text": "The Penn Word Memory Test presents 20 target words that are then mixed with 20 distractors equated for frequency, length, concreteness and low imageability. The participantâs score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils. Median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. A 20 min delayed recall procedure is also administered.",
"alias": "(PWMT)",
"ID(c)": 24081
},
{
"id": "trm_50f99e56117fe",
"name": "Penn Face Memory Test",
"definition_text": "presents 20 digitized faces that are then mixed with 20 distractors equated for age, gender and ethnicity. The participantâs score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils, and median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. The procedure is repeated at 20 min delay. ",
"alias": "(PFMT)",
"ID(c)": 24082
},
{
"id": "trm_50f9daf1c3834",
"name": "Visual Object Learning Test ",
"definition_text": "uses Euclidean shapes as stimuli with the same paradigm as the CNB word and face tests. The participantâs score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils, and again median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. The procedure is repeated at 20 min delay. Two forms are available for each test.",
"alias": "(VOLT)",
"ID(c)": 24083
},
{
"id": "trm_5106eae236c21",
"name": "WAIS-Information",
"definition_text": "The examinee 29 answers questions that address a broad range of general knowledge topics. This subtest measures the ability to acquire, retain, and retrieve general factual information. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24084
},
{
"id": "trm_5106eee90937a",
"name": "WAIS Digit Span",
"definition_text": "For Digit Span Forward, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in the same order. For Digit Span Backward, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in reverse order. For Digit Span Sequencing, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in ascending order. This subtest measures working memory, mental manipulation, cognitive flexibility, rote memory and learning, attention, and encoding. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24085
},
{
"id": "trm_5106f17025386",
"name": "WAIS Vocabulary",
"definition_text": "For picture items, the examinee names the object presented visually. For verbal items, the examinee defines words that are presented visually and orally. This subtest measures word knowledge and verbal concept formation. 35 words are defined in this measure of expressive word knowledge. It correlates very highly with Full Scale IQ.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24086
},
{
"id": "trm_5106f4dfe08b1",
"name": "WAIS Arithmetic",
"definition_text": "Working within a specified time limit, the examinee mentally solves a series of 14 arithmetic story type problems. This subtest measures mental manipulation, concentration, attention, short- and long-term memory, numerical reasoning ability, and mental alertness. Tests distractibility as well as numerical reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24087
},
{
"id": "trm_5106f82530aff",
"name": "WAIS Comprehension",
"definition_text": "The examinee answers questions based on his or her understanding of general principles and social situations. This subtest measures verbal reasoning and conceptualization, verbal comprehension and expression, the ability to evaluate and use past experience, and the ability to demonstrate practical knowledge and judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24088
},
{
"id": "trm_510703e93367e",
"name": "WAIS Similarities",
"definition_text": "The examinee is presented two words that represent common objects or concepts, and asked to describe how two seemingly dissimilar items might in fact be similar. This subtest measures verbal concept formation and reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24089
},
{
"id": "trm_5107067241007",
"name": "WAIS Picture Completion",
"definition_text": "Working within a specified time limit, the examinee views a picture with an important part missing and identifies the missing part. This subtest measures visual perception and organization, concentration, and visual recognition of essential details of objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24090
},
{
"id": "trm_51070ae889d95",
"name": "WAIS Picture Arrangement",
"definition_text": "The subject is given 10 small pictures and asked to arrange them in a logical sequence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24091
},
{
"id": "trm_51071fc87a61f",
"name": "WAIS Object Assembly",
"definition_text": "The subject is given 4 puzzles (like jigsaw puzzles) and must put together the pieces to form the intended shape. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24092
},
{
"id": "trm_5181f863d24f4",
"name": "stop signal task with pseudo word naming",
"definition_text": "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24094
},
{
"id": "trm_5154906cbead5",
"name": "Change Detection Task",
"definition_text": "The subject is presented with an array, then after a short delay, presented with a second array. In the no-change condition, the second array is identical to the first. In the change condition, the second array differs by a single item. Subjects must identify whether a change has occurred or not, and if so, are often asked to point out the change. Other versions target different sensory abilities, such as auditory change detection or face change detection.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24095
},
{
"id": "trm_515495b718cd6",
"name": "AX-DPX",
"definition_text": "An alternative version of the AX-CPT in which the letter stimuli are replaced with simple dot patterns derived from Braille language. Dot patterns are more easily parametrically manipulated, and require less time between stimuli presentations because they are not as easily stored in working memory as letters, thus increasing the proportion of errors.",
"alias": "Dot Pattern Expectancy,Dot Probe Expectancy",
"ID(c)": 24096
},
{
"id": "trm_5736095d91380",
"name": "delayed intention task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a cue indicating which of several tasks to perform. After a delay phase, they see a task screen and perform the task. Typically, brain activity related to the tasks is analyzed during the delay period.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24097
},
{
"id": "trm_5176cf2c19e89",
"name": "mirror reading task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with mirror-reversed written stimuli and asked to process them in some way.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24098
},
{
"id": "trm_5176cf9d3d512",
"name": "living/nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with words in either plain text or mirror-reversed format, and are asked to judge whether the stimulus refers to a living or nonliving object. Items are presented in a mixed fashion and separated by whether each stimulus is a switch in presentation form from the previous trial.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24099
},
{
"id": "trm_51a637dfeffd5",
"name": "McGurk effect",
"definition_text": "An auditory illusion discovered by H. McGurk and J. MacDonald, demonstrating the contribution made by visible face movements to normal speech perception",
"alias": "McGurk-MacDonald effect",
"ID(c)": 24101
},
{
"id": "trm_51c453f64d2a6",
"name": "psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm",
"definition_text": "In this task, participants are required to select responses for two stimuli. The intervals between the two stimuli vary, but are usually so brief that the second stimulus often appears before the response to the first one is finished.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24102
},
{
"id": "trm_5206bf053acf4",
"name": "Piaget's Water Jar Task",
"definition_text": "This task tests whether children understand the principle of conservation, or the idea that two objects are still equivalent after a transformation of one of them. Specifically, the "Water Jar Task" tests if children have attained "conservation of liquid quantity." The child is asked to assess if the same amount of water in different glasses is in fact equal. ",
"alias": "water jug task, water jug problem",
"ID(c)": 24104
},
{
"id": "trm_523ca67b786d5",
"name": "adult behavior checklist",
"definition_text": "The Adult Behavior Checklist is a 126 item measure that assesses withdrawn, somatic, anxious/depressed, internalizing, intrusive, thought, attention, delinquent behavior, aggressive, and externalizing problems.",
"alias": "ABC, ABCL",
"ID(c)": 24109
},
{
"id": "trm_523df616da8a6",
"name": "adolescent symptom inventory",
"definition_text": "The Adolescent Symptom Inventory (4th version) is a 120 question rating scale that screens for 18 DSM-IV emotional and behavioral disorders in youths between 12 and 18 years old. These scores have shown a high correspondence with psychiatric diagnoses.",
"alias": "ASI, ASI-4",
"ID(c)": 24110
},
{
"id": "trm_523e10cad0ce6",
"name": "battelle developmental inventory",
"definition_text": "The Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI) is an assessment for children (newborn to 7 years 11 months) that assesses early childhood developmental milestones in the domains of personal-social, adaptive, motor, communication, and cognitive ability.",
"alias": "BDI",
"ID(c)": 24112
},
{
"id": "trm_524b4a402c87e",
"name": "Child Behavior Checklist",
"definition_text": "The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) obtains reports from parents, relatives, and/or guardians about competencies and behavioral or emotional problems relating to social relations and school performance. This metric is intended for ages 6 through 18, and measures anxiety, depression, somatic complaints, social problems, thought and attention problems, and rule-breaking and aggressive behavior.",
"alias": "CBCL",
"ID(c)": 24117
},
{
"id": "trm_5255c99be1e53",
"name": "Children's Communication Checklist",
"definition_text": "The Childrenâs Communication Checklist is a 70 item questionnaire that assesses children's speech, vocabulary, sentence structure, and social language skills, to be filled out by an adult or caregiver. language and pragmatics.",
"alias": "CCC",
"ID(c)": 24119
},
{
"id": "trm_5258346e72223",
"name": "Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale",
"definition_text": "The CES-D scale is a short self-report scale designed to measure depressive symptomatology in the general population, and is composed of items from longer scales that have been previously validated.",
"alias": "CES-D",
"ID(c)": 24120
},
{
"id": "trm_525c4a78089ad",
"name": "Social Competence Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "A questionnaire to assess social competence in children.",
"alias": "ComQ",
"ID(c)": 24121
},
{
"id": "trm_525d847e2bd0b",
"name": "autism diagnostic interview - revised",
"definition_text": "the ADI-R is a comprehensive interview that provides a thorough assessment of individuals suspected of having autism or other autism spectrum disorders. It has proven highly useful for formal diagnosis as well as treatment and educational planning.",
"alias": "ADI-R",
"ID(c)": 24124
},
{
"id": "trm_52602c143d3a9",
"name": "Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale",
"definition_text": "a widely used measure of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) symptom severity in youth.",
"alias": "CY-BOCS",
"ID(c)": 24126
},
{
"id": "trm_52602e2e0c43b",
"name": "Expressive Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Expressive Vocabulary Test assesses receptive and expressive vocabulary, and word retrieval.",
"alias": "EVT",
"ID(c)": 24127
},
{
"id": "trm_5262d6d7b2097",
"name": "Mullen Scales of Early Learning",
"definition_text": "The Mullen Scales of Early Learning encompass five scales used to assess cognitive and motor ability and development. Specifically, including Gross Motor, Visual Reception, Fine Motor, Expressive Language, and Receptive Language.",
"alias": "Mullen",
"ID(c)": 24130
},
{
"id": "trm_5266bc6473fd8",
"name": "Preschool Language Scale",
"definition_text": "The Preschool Language Scale (PLS) provides a comprehensive assessment of language development, specifically it measures total language, auditory comprehension, and expressive communication. ",
"alias": "PLS",
"ID(c)": 24132
},
{
"id": "trm_5266bebe14d2e",
"name": "Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) is a vocabulary assessment to assess receptive and expressive vocabulary performance.",
"alias": "PPVT",
"ID(c)": 24133
},
{
"id": "trm_527138126fb20",
"name": "Test of Early Language Development",
"definition_text": "The Test of Early Language Development (TELD) is a standardized test to assess spoken language skills at early ages. Subtests include Receptive Language and Expressive Language, and these metrics yield an overall Spoken Language score.",
"alias": "TELD",
"ID(c)": 24136
},
{
"id": "trm_527143a263937",
"name": "Test of Language Development",
"definition_text": "The Test of Language Development (TOLD) provides six subtests that measure components of spoken language, including 1) Sentence Combining, 2) Picture Vocabulary, 3) Word Ordering, 4) Relational Vocabulary, 5) Morphological Comprehension, and 6) Multiple Meanings.",
"alias": "TOLD",
"ID(c)": 24138
},
{
"id": "trm_52717a95a3b03",
"name": "Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales",
"definition_text": "The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales are the leading instrument for supporting the diagnosis of intellectual and developmental disabilities. It assesses an individual in the domains of communication, daily living skills, socialization, motor skills, and a maladaptive behavior index.",
"alias": "Vineland",
"ID(c)": 24139
},
{
"id": "trm_52718631bc934",
"name": "Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Development Profile",
"definition_text": "The Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Development Profile (CSBS) is an assessment to pick up early delays in social communication, expressive speech/language, and symbolic functioning.",
"alias": "CSBS",
"ID(c)": 24140
},
{
"id": "trm_5272806688e63",
"name": "Differential Ability Scales",
"definition_text": "The Differential Ability Scales (DAS) make an assessment about how a child processes information, and at cognitive abilities that are important for learning. Specifically, the test measures verbal and visual working memory, immediate and delayed recall, visual recognition and matching, processing and naming speed, phonological processing, and understanding of basic number concepts.",
"alias": "DAS",
"ID(c)": 24141
},
{
"id": "trm_529ce3d22be3e",
"name": "Judgment of Line Orientation Task",
"definition_text": "This test is a standardized measure of visuospatial judgment. See http://www4.parinc.com/Products/Product.aspx?ProductID=JUDGMENTLINE",
"alias": "jol",
"ID(c)": 24147
},
{
"id": "trm_534690b0e9dc5",
"name": "Overt word repetition",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented auditorily with words and asked to repeat them aloud.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24150
},
{
"id": "trm_5346927710e88",
"name": "Covert verb generation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with nouns and generate an associated verb silently.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24151
},
{
"id": "trm_534692ef3b5df",
"name": "Tapping task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are instructed to move a body part corresponding to a picture. The following instructions were issued: âYou have to tap your index finger when you see a picture of a finger, flex your foot when you see a picture of a foot, and purse your lips when you see a picture of lipsâ. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24152
},
{
"id": "trm_5346938eed092",
"name": "Landmark task",
"definition_text": "Subjects performed two alternate tasks, namely tell if a horizontal line is crossed precisely in the middle (LANDMARK) and tell if a horizontal line is crossed at all (DETECTION). The following instructions were used: âPress the button with your left index finger if the line is bisected in the middle otherwise press the button with your right fingerâ or âPress the button with your left index finger if the line is crossed otherwise press the button with your right fingerâ. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24153
},
{
"id": "trm_54e69c642d89b",
"name": "rest eyes closed",
"definition_text": "Subjects rest passively with their eyes closed. Often used as a baseline for comparison for other tasks.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24155
},
{
"id": "trm_54f93101b2fd8",
"name": "think/no-think task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are cued to either remember or suppress the memory for a specific association that was previously learned.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24156
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c2d8d7b1d",
"name": "Deviance Detection",
"definition_text": "Detect the change in sound from one stimulus to another",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24165
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c329eb334",
"name": "Regularity and Change Detection",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24166
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c3eaa3fb7",
"name": "Speech Detection",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24167
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c4bb1d1ee",
"name": "Bistability",
"definition_text": "When viewing an image with multiple interpretations, subjective perception alternates stochastically between the different interpretations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24168
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c5f2ad56f",
"name": "Tone Detection (JND)",
"definition_text": "just-noticeable difference or JND is the amount something must be changed in order for a difference to be noticeable, detectable at least half the time",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24169
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c7f17de9f",
"name": "Vernier discrimination task",
"definition_text": "observers judge whether one line is displaced above or below a second line",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24170
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c85ed1e8d",
"name": "contour integration task",
"definition_text": "observers are asked to detect the presence of a contour of Gabor elements embedded in a background of similar but otherwise unrelated elements",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24171
},
{
"id": "trm_551b05e03be48",
"name": "perceptual closure task",
"definition_text": "the ability to form coherent mental pictures with very little visual information. Perceptual closure is a process whereby an incomplete stimulus is perceived to be complete.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24172
},
{
"id": "trm_551b06cf9783b",
"name": "Parallel/serial search",
"definition_text": "In a serial search, you look at one item at a time, and respond as soon as you see a target. In a parallel search, you look at multiple items at a time and the relevant aspect of the target can be detected quickly regardless of how many distractors there are.",
"alias": "Visual search task",
"ID(c)": 24173
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0bb59173d",
"name": "contour interpolation task",
"definition_text": "Contour interpolation mechanisms allow perception of bounded objects despite incomplete edge information. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24174
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0c0a742d2",
"name": "lateral facilitation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24175
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0c616de16",
"name": "coherent motion",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24176
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0cdcde976",
"name": "multistability",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24177
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0d687ee33",
"name": "figure ground task",
"definition_text": "find the figure that is embedded in the background, ignoring the background",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24178
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0dc4e4359",
"name": "visual illusion susceptibility",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24179
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0e17c6c76",
"name": "cross modality",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24180
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0e6b88363",
"name": "perceptual organization",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24181
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0ee81fb6b",
"name": "object perception task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24182
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0f2b930ab",
"name": "object recognition task",
"definition_text": "Object recognition is the ability to perceive an objectâs physical properties (such as shape, colour and texture) and apply semantic attributes to the object, which includes the understanding of its use, previous experience with the object and how it relates to others.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24183
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0fd03d7d8",
"name": "retinotopic representation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24184
},
{
"id": "trm_551b1004bc652",
"name": "local computation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24185
},
{
"id": "trm_551b107c5c111",
"name": "object classification",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24186
},
{
"id": "trm_551b1460e89a3",
"name": "auditory scene perception",
"definition_text": "Any task that requires the perception of complex auditory stimuli, such as music",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24187
},
{
"id": "trm_551b14d7d5882",
"name": "gating",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24188
},
{
"id": "trm_551b153bc78fc",
"name": "self monitoring task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24189
},
{
"id": "trm_551b15af981c6",
"name": "action-perception loop",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24190
},
{
"id": "trm_551b17b190582",
"name": "intensity for somatosensory stimulation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24191
},
{
"id": "trm_551b1b6f6a262",
"name": "auditory masking task",
"definition_text": "Auditory masking occurs when the perception of one sound is affected by the presence of another sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24192
},
{
"id": "trm_551efd39a74dd",
"name": "Re-entrant processing",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24193
},
{
"id": "trm_551efd8a98162",
"name": "emotion expression identification",
"definition_text": "participants are presented with faces whose expressions slowly change from neutral to full intensity",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24194
},
{
"id": "trm_551efdcd10677",
"name": "contrast sensitivity test",
"definition_text": "A contrast sensitivity test measures your ability to distinguish between finer and finer increments of light versus dark (contrast).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24195
},
{
"id": "trm_551efdfd1a356",
"name": "Face Identification task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24196
},
{
"id": "trm_551efeacb9deb",
"name": "Manipulation of ISI",
"definition_text": "The interstimulus interval (ISI) is the temporal interval between the offset of one stimulus to the onset of another",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24197
},
{
"id": "trm_551eff0fdab74",
"name": "Novelty detection task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24198
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0634b2607",
"name": "Spatial cuing paradigm",
"definition_text": "spatial cueing task has been used to measure manual and eye-movement reaction times to target stimuli in order to investigate the effects of covert orienting of attention in response to different cue conditions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24199
},
{
"id": "trm_551f06a08dcc4",
"name": "attentional blink paradigm",
"definition_text": "Attentional blink is a phenomenon observed in rapid serial visual presentation. When presented with a sequence of visual stimuli in rapid succession at the same spatial location on a screen, a participant will often fail to detect a second salient target occurring in succession if it is presented between 180-450 ms after the first one. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24200
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0713a5a17",
"name": "Inter-modal selective attention task",
"definition_text": "subjects attend selectively to auditory or visual stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24201
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0757982bc",
"name": "Blocked channel-selection task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24202
},
{
"id": "trm_551f07a281283",
"name": "Distraction paradigm (capture)",
"definition_text": "-",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24203
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0857e1db8",
"name": "ANT task",
"definition_text": "The ANT is a task designed to test three attentional networks in children and adults: alerting, orienting, and executive control. Efficiency of the alerting network is examined by changes in reaction time resulting from a warning signal. Efficiency of orienting is examined by changes in the reaction time that accompany cues indicating where the target will occur. The efficiency of the executive network is examined by requiring the participant to respond by pressing two keys indicating the direction (left or right) of a central arrow surrounded by congruent, incongruent or neutral flankers.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24204
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0a8b5ba2c",
"name": "Sternberg Item Recognition Task",
"definition_text": "is a working memory task requiring participants to first encode a set of digits (encode-phase) and then to maintain them âon-lineâ in WM while responding to each of the probe digits that follow by indicating whether or not it was a member of the memorized set (probe-phase).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24205
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0b18d7ca0",
"name": "Running Memory",
"definition_text": "in running memory task , a list ends unpredictably and the last few items are to be recalled.",
"alias": "running memory span task",
"ID(c)": 24206
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0b9654d23",
"name": "Simple span task",
"definition_text": "The test begins with two to three numbers, increasing until the person commits errors. At the end of a sequence, the person being tested is asked to recall the items in order.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24207
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0c294ce23",
"name": "Continuous Performance Test - AX version",
"definition_text": "A version of the continuous performance task in which subjects are told to make one response for the letter X when it was preceded by the letter A, and another response for all other stimuli. AX trials are "target trials"; in these types of trials a valid cue is followed by a valid probe. The 3 other trial types are "Non-target trials" in which either a valid cue is followed by an invalid probe ("AY" type trials) or an invalid cue is followed by either a valid or invalid probe ("BX" or "BY" probes, respectively).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24208
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0cc82ed49",
"name": "Sequence encoding",
"definition_text": "test the ability to encode a sequence of letters or words into memory in the presence or absence of distractors",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24209
},
{
"id": "trm_551f103b3edeb",
"name": "Sequence reproduction",
"definition_text": "requires tapping keys as rapidly and as accurately as possible to reproduce different finger movement sequences demonstrated on a visual display panel.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24210
},
{
"id": "trm_551f1491a2fe8",
"name": "Transitive inference task",
"definition_text": "Transitive inference is a form of inferential reasoning. For example, if A > B and B > C and C > D and D > E, then it can be concluded without being told than B > D. "greater than (>)" can be replaced with any other (supposedly) transitive relation, such as "better than" or "darker-colored than".",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24211
},
{
"id": "trm_551f151f7347e",
"name": "acquired equivalence",
"definition_text": "Acquired equivalence is a paradigm in which generalization is increased between two superficially dissimilar stimuli (or antecedents) that have previously been associated with similar outcomes (or consequents).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24212
},
{
"id": "trm_552174863d51e",
"name": "Naming tasks",
"definition_text": "Tests ability to retrieve words ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24213
},
{
"id": "trm_552174d3b61fb",
"name": "Verbal description of visual depiction",
"definition_text": "Verbal descriptions of visual depictions of events and states",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24214
},
{
"id": "trm_5521752956bb2",
"name": "Corpus analysis",
"definition_text": "Linguistic corpus-based analysis of language output",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24215
},
{
"id": "trm_55217860a9dea",
"name": "Coherent/Incoherent discourse distinction task",
"definition_text": "Measures ability to distinguish between coherent and incoherent sentences and discourse",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24216
},
{
"id": "trm_55217a446eb3b",
"name": "Discourse content questions",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24217
},
{
"id": "trm_55217a9f473f0",
"name": "Listening and reading task",
"definition_text": "Listening and reading times to critical words and regions in linguistic input",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24218
},
{
"id": "trm_55217b48995ce",
"name": "Eye tracking paradigms",
"definition_text": "Patterns of eye movements to critical words and regions in linguistic input",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24219
},
{
"id": "trm_55217bd86ee12",
"name": "Mouse tracking paradigms",
"definition_text": "Patterns of motor movements to critical words and regions in linguistic input",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24220
},
{
"id": "trm_55217c8179b00",
"name": "Visual world paradigm",
"definition_text": "Patterns of eye movements to non-verbal visual stimuli during spoken language comprehension",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24221
},
{
"id": "trm_55217d7fbfdba",
"name": "Manipulation of predictability and acceptability",
"definition_text": "Manipulations of predictability and acceptability, at different levels of representation, in a linguistic input.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24222
},
{
"id": "trm_55217e77441b0",
"name": "Manipulation of language and non-verbal behaviors",
"definition_text": "Experimental manipulations of relationships between language and non-verbal behaviors",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24223
},
{
"id": "trm_5521807e50549",
"name": "Sentence/discourse content test",
"definition_text": "Measures the ability to answer questions about the content of sentences and discourse",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24224
},
{
"id": "trm_55218116cbf40",
"name": "Manipulation of individual words",
"definition_text": "Experimental manipulations of different types of relationships between individual words in priming paradigms",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24225
},
{
"id": "trm_552181d7be45e",
"name": "Manipulation of coherence and cohesion",
"definition_text": "Experimental manipulations of different types of coherence and cohesion between clauses in discourse",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24226
},
{
"id": "trm_552184243d7ab",
"name": "Surface properties of object paradigms",
"definition_text": "For intermediate vision, nonlocal properties of images, transformations beyond retinotopic representations (e.g., surface properties of the object independent of light, head position)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24227
},
{
"id": "trm_55218536d1710",
"name": "Time-series of response time",
"definition_text": "To extract variability and frequency domain analysis",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24228
},
{
"id": "trm_55295382db2c5",
"name": "non-spatial cuing paradigm",
"definition_text": "Unlike in spatial cuing task where left, right, up, down arrows shows the direction to which the stimuli appear, in non-spatial cuing task the directions right, left, up, and down are replaced by the words e.g., quick, slow, good, and bad avoiding providing spatial cues to the stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24229
},
{
"id": "trm_5535623c2536a",
"name": "Muller-Lyer Illusion",
"definition_text": "An optical illusion consisting of a stylized arrow. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24230
},
{
"id": "trm_5536be03400e7",
"name": "Motion processing",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24231
},
{
"id": "trm_553e73e29cf7d",
"name": "contextual semantic priming task",
"definition_text": "This task presents blocks of fixation and words, with the words varying in the degree to which they are predictable (given the context of the previous words). On each trial, a fixation cross is presented followed by a visual prompt (asterisk) and a sequence of five centrally presented words (in lower case). The experimental variable is the predictability of the terminal, target word, represented in four conditions (Congruent == highly predictable,Incongruent == target word is highly predictable, but the prediction was violated by presenting a terminal word that was inappropriate given the context, Scrambled == initial four words did not establish a context for a grammatical sentence and the target word was not predictable, and Letter String == meaningless letter strings of identical consonants as a control). After presentation of the target word, the participant is asked if the sentence is meaningful. The above description was derived from (and full details are available) here: http://www.jneurosci.org/content/34/8/2871.full",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24233
},
{
"id": "trm_553e77887abc7",
"name": "Becker-Degroot-Marschak (BDM) procedure",
"definition_text": "This is an economics-derived task that broadly measures willingness to pay (WTP). Implementations generally involve the participant formulating a bid, and comparing the bid to a randomly generated price. If bid > price, the participant pays the price and receives the item. If bid ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24234
},
{
"id": "trm_553e77e53497d",
"name": "cue approach task",
"definition_text": "This task is a type of cue-approach training in which participants observe images of individual food items presented for 1 s and are instructed to press a button as fast as possible (before the image disappears) only when they hear a tone (i.e., Go trials). There is no feedback to the participants regarding the success of the button press in the allotted time window. Full details can be read about: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n4/full/nn.3673.html",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24235
},
{
"id": "trm_553e85265f51e",
"name": "functional localizer fMRI tasks",
"definition_text": "This is a simple and fast acquisition procedure based on a 5-minute functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence that can be run as easily and as systematically as an anatomical scan. This protocol captures the cerebral bases of auditory and visual perception, motor actions, reading, language comprehension and mental calculation at an individual level. Individual functional maps are reliable and quite precise. This description, and full details are available at: http://www.unicog.org/pm/pmwiki.php/Site/FunctionalLocalizer",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24236
},
{
"id": "trm_553e8882e3cb6",
"name": "Ultimatum Game (UG)",
"definition_text": "A social interactive bargaining task that measures social preferences via the degree to which participants accept unfair and unequal offers. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimatum_game",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24237
},
{
"id": "trm_553e88a66b676",
"name": "social bargaining fMRI task",
"definition_text": "This is an instantiation of the Ultimatum Game (UG) in fMRI. In this game, a proposer is charged with splitting a sum of money with a partner. The responder decides either to accept or reject this proposed offer. If accepted, the money is split as suggested, but if rejected then neither player receives anything. The parterns can be a combination of real people, computers. Offers are preceded by a picture of the partner for that round, and partner pictures are randomly paired to an offer amount. Full details of the task are available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3594719/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24238
},
{
"id": "trm_553eb28436233",
"name": "multi-attribute reward-guided decision task",
"definition_text": "Participants are trained on the relative likelihood of receiving a reward on a set of images,"stimuli," and a set of button presses, "actions," and learn action-reward probabilities and stimulus-reward probabilities (pS) separately by performing pairwise choices between two randomly selected alternatives from each set. Choosing the better or worse of the two options gives positive or negative feedback (smiley and sad faces). For the actual task, participants performed a three-option choice task in which each option comprised one previously learned stimulus and one previously learned action. They are instructed to weight stimulus and action information equally on each trial and select the best option to obtain points that subsequently converted into monetary reward. This summarized text, and full details are available: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n11/full/nn.3836.html#f1 ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24239
},
{
"id": "trm_553eb45e2b709",
"name": "social judgment of faces task",
"definition_text": "This task aims to measure social judgment in the domains of trustiness, attractiveness, happiness, and cognitive age. Participants are shown pictures of human faces, are required to compare the face pair based on 4 different questions: â(Who do you regard as) More trustworthy?,â âMore attractive?,â âHappier?,â and âOlder?.â",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24240
},
{
"id": "trm_553ebfc390256",
"name": "perceptual discrimination task",
"definition_text": "Participants are asked to distinguish a gabor display that is "popping out" from one that is not, and rate their confidence on the decision on a scale of 1 (low confidence) to 6 (high confidence). Full details are available: http://www.jneurosci.org/content/33/42/16657.full#F1",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24241
},
{
"id": "trm_553ec40d44c51",
"name": "Numerical Working Memory Task",
"definition_text": "a sequence of numeric stimuli was encoded and participants were intermittently probed regarding the parity of the prior stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24242
},
{
"id": "trm_553fbba5d5327",
"name": "Object Rating Task",
"definition_text": "Any task where participants are asked to evaluate preferences for one or more stimuli on a scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24244
},
{
"id": "trm_553fbbf79ebc5",
"name": "social influence for food preferences task",
"definition_text": "This task assesses the impact of social influence on ratings for healthy and unhealthy foods. Participants are shown images of foods, and asked to rate how much they would like to eat each food on a scale [1,8]. Participants are then shown an "average" rating from their peers that will either be much lower, higher, or the same, and this procedure is followed by another block to ask participants to re-evaluate foods after exposure to the peer ratings. Paper is available at: http://ssnl.stanford.edu/publications (Social norms shift behavioral and neural responses to foods. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24245
},
{
"id": "trm_553fd2fc7a648",
"name": "complex trait judgment task",
"definition_text": "This task aims to measure judgment in the domains of trustworthiness (social), attractiveness (social), happiness (affective), and cognitive age (cognitive). Participants are presented with stimuli are required to evaluate each voice based on 4 different questions: â(Who do you regard as) More trustworthy?,â âMore attractive?,â âHappier?,â and âOlder?.â Judgments may be made based on stimuli including voices, faces, or other characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24246
},
{
"id": "trm_553fc63a54ae6",
"name": "motion discrimination task",
"definition_text": "any task for which a participant views stimuli with some proportion moving in a particular direction and must decide the direction the stimuli is moving in",
"alias": "direction discrimination task",
"ID(c)": 24247
},
{
"id": "trm_553fc858cacc5",
"name": "consensus decision-making task",
"definition_text": "A participant must come to consensus with a set of other participants on a choice between two items. If consensus is reached, the item is obtained and the next block begins. If consensus is not reached, the next trial contains the same choice. If consensus is not reached by the end of the block, no item is gained. The experiment uses actual people, and the control condition uses has th participant interacting with a computer algorithm. Full details: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627315002159",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24248
},
{
"id": "trm_553fcbbe974ba",
"name": "stop signal walking task with stroop",
"definition_text": "Participants walk around a virtual reality environment controlled by a foot pedal and must respond to STOP and WALK commands. In a low cognitive load condition, participants respond to these commands verbatim. In a high cognitive load condition, participants are presented with stroop stimuli, and congruent words == WALK, and incongruent words == STOP. Full details: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0052602",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24249
},
{
"id": "trm_553fce5d21da7",
"name": "Bistable percept paradigm",
"definition_text": "a computer-based task that requires participants to evaluate a battery of monochromatic âmonostableâ and âbistableâ percepts and impaired performance on this task distinguishes those PD patients who experience VH. From: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hbm.22321/full",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24250
},
{
"id": "trm_55492d262a847",
"name": "Manipulation of predictability",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24251
},
{
"id": "trm_5550e5011ce10",
"name": "audio narrative",
"definition_text": "Audio narratives tell stories through sound alone: narration, interviews, live and archival sound recordings, environmental soundscapes, sound effects, found sounds, etc. Audio narratives use storytelling along with other audio means to create intimate experiences through characters, plot, and setting.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24252
},
{
"id": "trm_558c324478d22",
"name": "Multi-class n-back task",
"definition_text": "An n-back task including faces, scenes, and chinese characters as stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24256
},
{
"id": "trm_558c3350c6a9f",
"name": "Stop signal task with dot motion discrimination",
"definition_text": "A stop signal task in which the primary task is a dot motion discrimination task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24257
},
{
"id": "trm_558c33e7714ba",
"name": "multi-object localizer task",
"definition_text": "A task involving presentation of multiple classes of visual objects, meant to localize category-specific regions of visual cortex. The subject monitors for a target (red dot) and responds when target appears.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24258
},
{
"id": "trm_558c35979a284",
"name": "Sentence/nonword language localizer",
"definition_text": "A task in which strings of stimuli (either sentences or strings of nonwords) are presented, followed by a probe on which the subject responds whether the probe item was present in the string of stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24259
},
{
"id": "trm_558c36935a0e9",
"name": "spatial working memory localizer task",
"definition_text": "A task in which targets are presented on a spatial grid, followed by a probe in which the subject must choose between two spatial layouts, one of which matches the locations presented in the initial set.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24260
},
{
"id": "trm_558c4d3105abf",
"name": "retinotopic mapping task",
"definition_text": "The subject is presented with stimuli including rotating wedges and expanding/contracting rings, while maintaining fixation and performing a target detection task for an eccentric target.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24261
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c570473d3",
"name": "Chapman Magical Ideation Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses erroneous beliefs that are based in magical thinking (e.g., âI have occasionally had the silly feeling that a TV or radio broadcaster knew I was listening to him.â). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24273
},
{
"id": "trm_5696a599bfcb6",
"name": "Bickel Titrator",
"definition_text": "A task that adjusts delay across a series of delay discounting trials, while holding the later amounts constant. This determines the Effective Delay 50(ED50), a delay period that results in the smaller immediate reward having the same value as a larger later reward.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24276
},
{
"id": "trm_566745bbf272a",
"name": "task switching (3x2)",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a task cue followed by a colored number (1-9 excluding 5 in orange or blue). The task cue indicates whether to respond to the colored number based on parity (odd-even), magnitude (higher-lower than 5) or color (orange-blue). There are three different tasks, and each task has two task cues that evoke the task action. For example, the task cue could be either parity or odd-even. Both of these task cues indicate that the subject should judge the subsequent colored number based on whether it is an odd or even number. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24279
},
{
"id": "trm_5667476fc14dd",
"name": "Inter-dimensional/Extra-dimensional Shift Task",
"definition_text": "A combination of the intradimensional task and extradimensional task. Subjects are presented with two compound stimuli, each composed of a 'line stimulus" and a "shape stimulus". Thus the stimuli are multi-dimensional, in that they are composed of two separable features (line and shape). There are 8 different âlinesâ, and 8 different âshapesâ. Subjects are told to choose between the two stimuli, and receive feedback on their choices. The correct choice depends upon the current target, where the target can take on any one of the 8 âlinesâ or 8 âshapesâ. The current target shifts after several trials. This allows for an inter-dimensional shift, where the subject learns the new correct target within the same dimension (old target: âline 1â, new target âline 2â) or for an extra-dimensional shift, where the subject learns the new target outside of the old dimension (old target: âline 1â new target: âshape 2â).",
"alias": "IDED, IDED+reversal",
"ID(c)": 24280
},
{
"id": "trm_566747c3d757f",
"name": "Dimensions task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with three three-dimensional (e.g., color, texture, shape) stimuli. Each dimension has three exemplars so all exemplars are on the screen at any time. One dimension (e.g., color) determines reward, and one exemplar in this dimension (e.g. "red") has a higher probability of reward than the others (75% vs. 25%). If rewarded, the subject earns 1 point (the subject is instructed to maximize points). After 15-25 trials the relevant dimension and higher probability feature is switched. This switch is either signaled to the participant (in most versions so far) or not (in one paper).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24281
},
{
"id": "trm_5667483dcc371",
"name": "Probabilistic Selection Task",
"definition_text": "The probabilistic selection task assesses whether participants learn better from positive or negative reinforcement. The subject is instructed to choose between abstract stimuli via key press. The task is composed of two phases. During the first phase, subjects learn to associate 6 abstract visual stimuli with different reward probabilities (e.g., stim 1= 80%, stim 2 = 70%, stim 3= 60%, stim 4= 40%, stim 5 = 30%, stim 6= 20%). In phase 1, the various stimuli are always presented in pairs, where the sum of the two reward probabilities associated with each stimuli equal 100%. For example, stim 1 will always be paired with stim 6 (80%+20%=100%). Subjects eventually learn that for each pair, choosing one stimuli over the other results in more reward (80%>20%). The subject is tested on this association in phase two. During phase two, the subject must decide between novel combinations of stimuli. Each stimuli is presented with the remaining four stimuli that it was not paired with in phase 1. For example, stim1 (80%) can be paired with either stim2(70%), stim3(60%), stim4(40%), or stim5(30%), but not with itself or with the stimuli it was associated with during phase 1, stim6 (20%). Subjects are instructed to win as many points as possible. There is no feedback given during the second phase.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24282
},
{
"id": "trm_5667488d52ccc",
"name": "Angling Risk Task",
"definition_text": "In this task subjects "fish" in rounds trying to accumulate as much money as possible. If they catch a red fish, they earn .05 cents. However, if they catch a blue fish they lose all the money earned on that round. They are able to stop any round at any time to collect that round's earnings into their "tournament bank". There is one blue fish and many red fish. The subjects complete 4 tournaments of 30 rounds each. The tournaments differ in their weather condition: Sunny (subjects can see/know how many red/blue fish are in the pond) and cloudy (subjects cannot see the fish) and release law: catch N Keep (probability of catching a red fish goes down as they are taken out of the pond) and catch N Release (probability stays constant). ",
"alias": "ART",
"ID(c)": 24283
},
{
"id": "trm_566748c929afc",
"name": "Delay Discounting Titration",
"definition_text": "Subjects must choose between sooner but smaller rewards versus larger but later rewards. This task differs from the preceding Kirby Delay Discounting Task in two ways, 1) the smaller reward will not always be immediate and 2) the reward amounts will be chosen randomly from a uniform distribution of a given interval. This allows for the estimation of a subjectsâ discount rate and for the comparison of different model fits of discounting behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24284
},
{
"id": "trm_5667492c555b7",
"name": "Columbia Card Task",
"definition_text": "This task is composed of two conditions: hot and cold, with 27 rounds in each condition. In each round subjects are presented with 32 cards; some are gain cards, some are loss cards. Subjects are told how many points a gain card is worth, how many points a loss card costs, and how many loss cards there are in a round. Each round ends when a loss card is turned. In the cold version subjects choose how many cards they want to turn but don't see the result for the round until the end. In the hot version subjects click and turn each card themselves and sees their earning for that round. In both conditions, subjects see their final score at the end of 27 rounds. ",
"alias": "CCT",
"ID(c)": 24285
},
{
"id": "trm_56674987c8f0c",
"name": "Sternberg Recent Probes",
"definition_text": "Subjects will be asked to remember a training set of 6 stimuli. After a delay interval, subjects are probed with a single stimulus. Via key press, subjects will be instructed to give one response if the probe was part of the training set for that trial and a different response if the probe was not part of the training set for that trial. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24286
},
{
"id": "trm_56674c7c2fa4f",
"name": "Sternberg Directed Forgetting",
"definition_text": "Subjects will be asked to remember 6 letters presented in a 2x3 matrix. Each trial begins with a central fixation point followed by the training set of 6 letters to remember, followed by a retention interval. After the retention interval, subjects are presented with a cue, either TOP or BOT, which instructs the participant to forget the 3 letters presented in the cued location (forget set). The remaining 3 letters consist of the memory set. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24287
},
{
"id": "trm_56674d6aa9faf",
"name": "Dietary Decisions Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects rate 50 items on a five point scale separately for health and for tastiness. A reference item for health and tastiness, rated neutrally previously on both scales, is chosen for each subject. In stage 3 they are first presented with this reference item and told to choose between the other food items and the reference item. Participants are grouped as self-controllers or non-self-controllers depending on whether they choose the items in stage 3 based upon health or taste, respectively. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24288
},
{
"id": "trm_56674e49d15e9",
"name": "Adaptation of marshmellow test",
"definition_text": "Subjects are told that they have 10 minutes to gain as much money as possible by selling tokens and to adopt any strategy that they prefer. Each trial begins with a circular token (green or purple) at the center of the screen. After a random delay, the token turns blue and its value changes from 0 cents to 30 cents. A white progress bar marks the amount of time the current token had been on the screen, with a maximum length corresponding to 100seconds. Participants could sell the token at anytime by pressing a key. Subjects were explicitly instructed that the green and purple tokens might differ in their timing, and to learn the nature of the differences from direct experience. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24289
},
{
"id": "trm_56674f71483b0",
"name": "Holt and Laury Risk Titrator",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a series of paired lottery choices. For example subjects choose between option A that is a lottery that wins $2 with probability 0.1 and $1.6 with probability 0.9 (safe bet) and option B that is a lottery that wins $3.85 with probability 0.1 and $0.1 with probability 0.9 (risky bet). The paired lottery choices are structured so that the crossover point to the high-risk lottery can be used to infer the degree of risk aversion. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24290
},
{
"id": "trm_56675359b663a",
"name": "Cognitive Reflection Test",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with three questions. These questions at first glance are relatively easy and intuitive. However in order to solve the problem correctly, subjects must correctly inhibit the intuitive/impulsive answer.",
"alias": "CRT",
"ID(c)": 24291
},
{
"id": "trm_5696abecf2569",
"name": "DOSPERT ",
"definition_text": "A psychometric scale that assesses risk taking in five content domains: financial decisions (separately for investing versus gambling), health/safety, recreational, ethical, and social decisions. Respondents rate the likelihood that they would engage in domain-specific risky activities (Part I). An optional Part II assesses respondentsâ perceptions of the magnitude of the risks and expected benefits of the activities judged in Part I.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24294
},
{
"id": "trm_5696b180169bd",
"name": "Volatile Bandit",
"definition_text": "A decision maker chooses between two alternatives, both with a fixed unknown rate of reward. The subject is instructed to try to gain as much money as possible across all trials. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24295
},
{
"id": "trm_5696b316c220a",
"name": "Plus-minus",
"definition_text": "A task where subjects are told to add by a number and are subsequently instructed to subtract by that number.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24296
},
{
"id": "trm_5696b61ff253e",
"name": "multi-source interference task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a 3 digit number and are asked to respond which of the digits differ from the other two.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24297
},
{
"id": "trm_5696bb7166121",
"name": "hierarchical rule task",
"definition_text": "subjects must complete a battery of four response-selection tasks that were designed to test progressively higher degrees of hierarchically ordered control",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24298
},
{
"id": "trm_5696bcf1b5c64",
"name": "Tower of London Imagine",
"definition_text": "participants must mentally rearrange a set of three colored balls arranged on pegs, in the fewest possible moves, to match a specified configuration.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24299
},
{
"id": "trm_5696c2c063222",
"name": "Multiplication task",
"definition_text": "On every trial, subjects are presented with two numbers to multiply. They can mentally figure out the answer or use pen and paper, but the method must stay constant.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24300
},
{
"id": "trm_5696c3fa0061a",
"name": "Shift Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with three objects that differ along three dimensions (color, shape, texture). At any trial, the relevant dimension gives a higher probability of reward than the other two. This dimension may shift from trial to trial.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24301
},
{
"id": "trm_5696d061adfb5",
"name": "WRAT-4 Math Computation",
"definition_text": "Math Computation component of the Wide Range Achievement Test 4",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24302
},
{
"id": "trm_5696d0a4902df",
"name": "WRAT-4 Word Reading",
"definition_text": "Word reading component of the Wide Range Achievement Test 4",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24303
},
{
"id": "trm_5696e10fcd36a",
"name": "Penn Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "Vocabulary component of the Penn WebCNP Battery",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24304
},
{
"id": "trm_569d6eef27433",
"name": "gm Paradigm",
"definition_text": "A task that crosses reward-valence associations with a stop-signal task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24306
},
{
"id": "trm_569fc84bd541d",
"name": "Penn Fractal N-Back",
"definition_text": "A measure of attention and working memory. In this task, participants are asked to pay attention to fractal designs displayed on the computer screen, one at a time, and to press the spacebar according to one rule: the 2-back. During the 2-back, the participant must press the spacebar whenever the design on the screen is the same as the one displayed before the previous one (i.e. in the series design A, design B, design A, the participant should press the spacebar on or immediately after the second design A . In all trials, the participant has 2500 ms to press the spacebar. The participant practice the 2-Back rule, in which he/she is allowed to make mistakes and then, when he/she completes all practices successfully, the task will begin.",
"alias": "sFNBx2, FNB2",
"ID(c)": 24307
},
{
"id": "trm_56aa9833c4be2",
"name": "treatment self-regulation questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The TSRQ determines the underlying motivational system used by individuals to regulate behavior. According to the Self-Determination theory, motivation ranges from least to most self-determined, starting with 1) amotivation, 2) external, 3) introjected, 4) identified, and 5) integrated and intrinsic. The TSRQ is a 15-item questionnaire, where each item is a reason for changing or engaging in a health behavior. Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=not at all true, and 7=very true. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24330
},
{
"id": "trm_58335e885873f",
"name": "Hidden State Decision Making Task",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants have to direct their attention to either a face or a house within a visual compound stimulus and judge the age of the shown example. Participants are instructed to determine whether to attend to face or house as follows: The category on the first trial of each block is instructed. Then, the category remained the same as long as the ages of the images in that category remained the same. If the age changed between trials, the participant should switch attention to the other category on the following trial. Finally, we told participants that no age comparison was required on the first trial after a switch.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24331
},
{
"id": "trm_56aac5f6e4702",
"name": "Eating questionnaire",
"definition_text": "3 factor eating questionnaire: cognitive restraint (CR), uncontrolled eating (UE), and emotional eating",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24332
},
{
"id": "trm_56abcba3df89b",
"name": "Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale",
"definition_text": "Attention to and awareness across several domains of experience in daily life (e.g., cognitive, emotional, physical, and general)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24334
},
{
"id": "trm_56ac06bac9334",
"name": "Selection-Optimization-Compensation (SOC) questionnaire ",
"definition_text": "The SOC questionnaire assesses an individualsâ developmental regulation across three processes: 1) Selection, 2) optimization, and 3) compensation. Subjects will be presented with 48 items (3 above + loss-based selection, 12 items each category) in which they must make a choice between an action corresponding to SOC behavior and an answer that is a distractor (reasonable alternative action not corresponding to SOC behavior). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24336
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbe12994926",
"name": "Stanford Leisure-Time Activity Categorical Item",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with 6 statements regarding levels of physical activity. Subjects must read all 6 statements and choose which statement best characterizes their physical behavior.",
"alias": "L-Cat",
"ID(c)": 24337
},
{
"id": "trm_57ebe6583f52d",
"name": "Moral Dilemma Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with vignettes describing either moral dilemmas or non-moral (control) situations. Each vignette is associated with a question requiring a yes/no answer, and the subject responds with a button press.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24338
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbe45003cf7",
"name": "Motor Selective Stop Signal Task",
"definition_text": "Similar to the traditional Stop Signal task except subjects stop to one "stop signal" (e.g., the imperative go stimulus turning blue) but not to another, similar "ignore signal" (e.g., the imperative go stimulus turning orange)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24339
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbea82c12bb",
"name": "Emotion Regulation Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are given the default instruction of viewing a negative image. They have the option to press a button and switch their instructions to "distract" or "reappraise." Electing to press the button and following those instructions will allow subjects to decrease the negative affect they are likely to be experiencing. However, to choose to distract or reappraise, subjects will have to proactively override their (inferior) default state of viewing, which requires monitoring and attention. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24340
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbead1a7ed4",
"name": "Emotion Regulation Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The ERQ is a 10-item questionnaire designed to assess an individualâs strategy for coping with emotions, either reappraisal or suppression. Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=strongly disagree, and 7=strongly agree.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24341
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbee951f161",
"name": "Kirby Delay Discounting Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects must choose between smaller immediate monetary rewards or larger delayed rewards. There are 27 total items divided into three groups depending on the size of the larger reward (small, medium, large).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24342
},
{
"id": "trm_579640ddba2c0",
"name": "Birkbeck Reversible Sentence Comprehension Test",
"definition_text": "participants listen to a sentence and must select from several images the one that correspond to the sentence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24343
},
{
"id": "trm_57964b8a66aed",
"name": "Montreal Cognitive Assessment",
"definition_text": "The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was designed as a rapid screening instrument for mild cognitive dysfunction. It assesses different cognitive domains: attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation. Time to administer the MoCA is approximately 10 minutes. The total possible score is 30 points; a score of 26 or above is considered normal. Participants with 12 years of education or less are awarded an extra point.",
"alias": "MoCA",
"ID(c)": 24344
},
{
"id": "trm_5798cb6027f28",
"name": "following commands",
"definition_text": "The participant is given verbal instructions such as "make a fist" or "point to the ceiling". Execution of the command is scored as correct. The commands may be simple or complex (for example having multiple steps).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24346
},
{
"id": "trm_5798d0fbe2bd1",
"name": "ideational praxis task",
"definition_text": "The participant is given a sheet of paper and a long envelope. The participant is instructed to pretend to send the letter to himself or herself. The participant is told to put the paper into the envelope, seal it, address it to himself or herself, and stamp it. If the participant forgets part of the task, reinstruction is given. Impairment on this item should reflect dysfunction in executing an overlearned task only and not recall difficulty. The five components to this task are 1) fold letter, 2) put letter in envelope, 3) seal envelope, 4) address envelope, 5) put stamp on envelope.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24347
},
{
"id": "trm_5798d2693915d",
"name": "clock drawing task",
"definition_text": "The participant is asked to draw a clock showing a specific time. The task is scored based on the number of features correctly drawn.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24348
},
{
"id": "trm_5798d7ba0197d",
"name": "orientation test",
"definition_text": "The participant is asked questions to test their orientation in time and place. These include questions about the date, day of the week, season, name of current hospital and name of city.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24349
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0bf6b14b90",
"name": "Eckblad and Chapman's Hypomanic Personality Scale",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24353
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c015b603c",
"name": "Chapman Infrequency Scale",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24354
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c146e0019",
"name": "Chapman Perceptual Aberration Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses psychotic-like experiences such as bodily discontinuities and unusual scenery experiences (e.g., âI have felt that something outside my body was a part of my bodyâ). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24355
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c186b07d4",
"name": "Chapman Social Anhedonia Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses deficits in the ability to experience pleasure from non physical stimuli such as other people, talking, exchanging expressions of feelings (e.g., âA car ride is much more enjoyable if someone is with me.â). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24356
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c1af018a5",
"name": "Chapman Physical Anhedonia Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses a self-reported deficit in the ability to experience pleasure from typically pleasurable physical stimuli such as food, sex, and settings e.g., âBeautiful scenery has been a great delight to me.â). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24357
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c34e61fdf",
"name": "Continuous Performance Task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "CPT",
"ID(c)": 24358
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd45d1bd21",
"name": "vertical checkerboard",
"definition_text": "The subject views a flashing checkerboard with a vertical elongated shape. As a simplified retinotopic mapping procedure., this provides a rough definition of the boundary between some visual areas, e.g. V1 and V2. This is often contrasted with horizontal checkerboards.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24360
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd4fd8754a",
"name": "horizontal checkerboard",
"definition_text": "The subject views a flashing checkerboard with a horizontal elongated shape. As a simplified retinotopic mapping procedure, this provides a rough definition of the boundary between some visual areas, e.g. V2 and V3. This is often used in conjunction and contrasted with vertical checkerboards. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24361
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd8a2c77ca",
"name": "hand side recognition",
"definition_text": "State whether a given hand image is a palm or back image",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24362
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd907e4fc6",
"name": "hand chirality recognition",
"definition_text": "State whether a hand image is a left or right hand image.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24363
},
{
"id": "trm_5873cd1c9d4c4",
"name": "standard localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "\tFunctional localizer to map various large-scale functional cognitive networks. These are the various contrasts obtained by opposing the simple tasks as defined in [Pinel 2007 "Fast reproducible identification and large-scale databasing of individual functional cognitive networks"]. This standard localizer is a simple and fast acquisition procedure based on a 5-minute functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence that can be run as easily and as systematically as an anatomical scan. This protocol captures the cerebral bases of auditory and visual perception, motor actions, reading, language comprehension and mental calculation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24364
},
{
"id": "trm_58a5d31f5c72d",
"name": "Biological Motion Perception (Passive Viewing) Paradigm",
"definition_text": "Participants passively view point-light displays of either coherent human biological motion or scrambled versions of those same displays.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24371
},
{
"id": "trm_58c80c3376c95",
"name": "Social Norm Processing Task",
"definition_text": "The revised Social Norm Processing Task (SNPT-R) is a paradigm enabling the study of behavioral and neural responses to intended and unintended social norm violations, among both adults and adolescence (Bas-Hoogendam et al., under review). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24373
},
{
"id": "trm_597249e1ec9d3",
"name": "network traversal task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a sequence of stimuli whose order is determined by a walk (e.g., Random, Eulerian, Hamiltonian) over an underlying network.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24375
},
{
"id": "tsk_nzi0bkdoO8a23",
"name": "error awareness task",
"definition_text": "The EAT is a modified Go/No-Go response inhibition paradigm providing behavioral and neural indices of both error awareness and inhibitory control. Participants are shown color words (e.g., red, blue, green) printed in congruent or incongruent fonts (as in a Stroop task) such that most stimuli are congruent (80%; e.g., the word “BLUE” in blue font). Congruent stimuli are Go trials requiring a button-press response (eg., button 1). In contrast, participants are to withhold button-presses when either the same color word is repeated on two successive trials (No-Go Rule-1) or an incongruent stimulus is presented (e.g., the word “BLUE” in red font; No-Go Rule-2). Continuously monitoring both No-Go rules is difficult and participants are predisposed to monitor for REPEAT (Rule-1) more so than INCONGRUENT trials (Rule-2). This leads to a sufficient number of errors (~45%), a portion of which remain undetected by participants (~10-20%). The task begins with words presented for 900ms followed by a 600ms inter-stimulus interval (ISI). To equate task performance across groups and maintain overall errors at ~45%, task difficulty dynamically adapts based on individual performance by varying the stimulus presentation and ISI durations. Participants indicate “error awareness” by pressing a separate 'error signaling button' (e.g., button 2) on the trial following a commission error.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 42594
},
{
"id": "tsk_ec4xbqynlG1uR",
"name": "Social influence on emotion task",
"definition_text": "This task assesses how participants emotion ratings can be influenced by others. In the first session, participants are presented with images of people in negative contexts. They are asked to imagine that they are the person in the picture and indicate, on a scale from 1 (Neutral) to 10 (Very Negative), how they feel. This part of the task is self-paced. Approximately one week later, participants come back to the lab and are shown how other people (for example, ingroup and outgroup members) rated the same images (sometimes no group feedback is presented). After each feedback presentation, participants are asked to rate the images once more. In reality, group ratings are experimentally manipulated based on the participants’ initial ratings during the behavioral session. Participants are shown ratings that are higher (+2, +3, +4) and lower (-2, -3, -4) than their initial scores with an equal distribution of higher/lower scores.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44621
},
{
"id": "tsk_PNUOMlNOAajsT",
"name": "letter matching task",
"definition_text": "Subjects must compare pairs of letters regarding exact physical identity, name identity, or categorical identity by pressing one of two response keys. These three different instructions require increasing depth of processing stimulus information which is reflected by differences in response latency. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44651
},
{
"id": "tsk_o32s7ULZu8ATo",
"name": "Hidden Path Learning Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects must find a pathway within a grid from a cell A to a cell B. Typically, the path starts in the upper left corner and end in the lower right corner. After successfully exploring a grid by trial and error, the task repeats with the same hidden path and subjects have to reconstruct the previously explored path. The task is considered to have a a strong learning and planning component and as such measures executive functions.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44656
},
{
"id": "tsk_eDRFWNl1ktVsf",
"name": "Compensatory Tracking Task",
"definition_text": "A compensatory tracking task is a task that assesses eye–hand coordination, in which a user is operating a display that has an indicator and a zero point using a joystick, computer mouse, trackball, or other controlling device. The user must try to keep the indicator within the zero point while the indicator is being acted upon by outside forces.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44658
},
{
"id": "tsk_GdteOhkqZJLYg",
"name": "Pursuit Tracking Task",
"definition_text": "A pursuit tracking task is a task that assesses eye–hand coordination, in which a user is operating a display that has an indicator controlled by a computer mouse, trackball, or other controlling device. The user must try to keep the indicator on a moving trail or road with or without preview. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44661
},
{
"id": "tsk_zaClbCwuCeWt2",
"name": "Continuous Tapping Task",
"definition_text": "In a continuous tapping task, subjects must tap as quick as possible one key for a one minute test period. You can introduce different treatments by instruction, e.g. comfortable speed vs max speed, dominant vs non-dominant hand",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44663
},
{
"id": "tsk_ZMTNk4Oce5b2j",
"name": "Remote Associates Test",
"definition_text": "Originally developed by Mednick (Mednick SA. 1968. Remote associates test. J Creat Behav.<br>2:213–214), the Remote Associates Test (RAT) asks examinees to look at 3 words, which are not obviously related by a single concept, and generate a 4th word that is related to all 3. An example: putting, bean, envy are the stimulus words, and a correct answer is \"green\".<br><br>From Wikipedia: <br>The Remote Associates Test (RAT) is a creativity test used to determine a human's creative potential. The test typically lasts forty minutes and consists of thirty to forty questions each of which consists of three common stimulus words that appear to be unrelated. The person being tested must think of a fourth word that is somehow related to each of the first three words.[1] Scores are calculated based on the number of correct questions.<br><br>",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44667
},
{
"id": "tsk_zcuAj6VrsFmfV",
"name": "Reciprocal Artwork Evaluation Task",
"definition_text": "This task is to measure how a participant's evaluation about a current partner's artwork is biased by the social feedback (regarding one's won artwork) from the current partner and previous partners. This task is for measuring self-protective motivation when receiving constant social evaluations. See Yoon et al (2018) https://rdcu.be/35Tm",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 44669
},
{
"id": "tsk_VokAidevRX1Vs",
"name": "prospective sequential decision making task",
"definition_text": "Decision making task in which participants compare an offer with a set of alternatives with varying values and probabilities. Participants are given variable 'search horizons' i.e. attempts to get a new offer from the set of alternatives. In order to make optimal decisions participants need to reason prospectively, i.e. take into account future states. In other words, they need to plan a potential sequence of decisions. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 45678
},
{
"id": "tsk_rjSJbUa5Jk2Mb",
"name": "Food viewing (passive)",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects view food images without specific instructions on image evaluation. Measures visual food cue reactivity.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 47681
},
{
"id": "tsk_mFS3uwUMAhXxe",
"name": "Memory encoding task",
"definition_text": "A memory encoding task measures memory encoding mechanisms via multiple sensory modalities.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 47691
},
{
"id": "tsk_29IL64WzhiO9u",
"name": "Self evaluation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants evaluate how well several short trait descriptions fit the self.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 48696
},
{
"id": "tsk_i6bcjHSADB30O",
"name": "Other evaluation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants evaluate how well several short trait descriptions fit known or unknown others.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 48697
},
{
"id": "tsk_Ncknr0soiM4IV",
"name": "social decision-making task",
"definition_text": "Social decision-making tasks comprise alternative forced choice tasks in which participants make decisions that are relevant for themselves as well as at least one other person. These decisions can be of any nature (most commonly monetary or dietary).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 51722
},
{
"id": "tsk_d9vPgovlo7aJU",
"name": "risky decision-making under social influence",
"definition_text": "In this task, individuals are asked to make choices between two Holt and Laury style (10.1257/000282802762024700) gamble options, both alone and after viewing the choices made by two other players. For more details about the task, see: 10.1038/nn.4022.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 53733
},
{
"id": "tsk_Jb7hdmvDY3rLV",
"name": "pleasantness rating task",
"definition_text": "Task assessing the decision-making of potentially rewarding outcomes ( aka positive-incentive value) as well as the level of confidence of such type of action.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55770
},
{
"id": "tsk_wiCMUNujvVRCR",
"name": "Enumeration task",
"definition_text": "The task consists in concurrently processing of a variable number of items, irrespective of their location, orientation or other features.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55771
},
{
"id": "tsk_vbkfbu486lzDr",
"name": "Pain-matrix narrative localizer",
"definition_text": "Participants are presented with stories that portray characters suffering from emotional pain or physical pain.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55773
},
{
"id": "tsk_jbg1oF4D9OTkO",
"name": "movie watching task",
"definition_text": "The task relies on watching ---viewing and listening--- of a movie.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 55774
},
{
"id": "tsk_wmFvpdB0Y6UYl",
"name": "Donation task",
"definition_text": "Donation Task inspired by Dictator Game, developed by van de Groep et al. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56775
},
{
"id": "tsk_zMlmDcfxjld0K",
"name": "point subtraction aggression paradigm",
"definition_text": "The point subtraction aggression paradigm (PSAP) is a paradigm aimed to measure reactive aggression in humans",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56777
},
{
"id": "tsk_02fiuOOFboHmh",
"name": "facial expression observation",
"definition_text": "Passive observation of another person's facial expression",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56782
},
{
"id": "tsk_4HuWbAQzF0tgZ",
"name": "facial expression of emotion",
"definition_text": "faciallly express ones current affective state to another person",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 56784
},
{
"id": "tsk_GxjZBNiJorj1K",
"name": "P300 BCI",
"definition_text": "P300-based brain-computer interface is a BCI paradigm relying on the online classification of event-related potentials. The user is required to attend specific target stimuli that are considered important and to ignore other, more frequent stimuli. The target stimuli elicit large P300 response that can easily be classified from epoched EEG. P300 BCI can rely almost on any type of stimuli, that are capable to evoke discernable ERPs - visual, tactile, auditory, etc. P300 BCI paradigm can be adopted for the gamification of ERP studies, as well as for communication in disabled patients.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57797
},
{
"id": "tsk_xQrUFIhZsBUFE",
"name": "Facial Expression Display Task",
"definition_text": "Participants are instructed to display a facial expression corresponding to a category (e.g., Anger, Joy, Disgust).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57810
},
{
"id": "tsk_JaF5u33GgYRT3",
"name": "Facial Expression Observing Task",
"definition_text": "Participants are instructed to observe a video presenting a facial expression corresponding to a specific category (e.g., Anger, Joy, Disgust).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57812
},
{
"id": "tsk_lihqGPC9Y8ge0",
"name": "Thirst perception",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects view blocks of beverage and non-beverage images, and rate their perceived thirst after each block.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57816
},
{
"id": "tsk_wPIAFIkSlX3Tm",
"name": "risky lotteries task",
"definition_text": "Subjects choose between two lotteries (first published by Bruhin, Fehr‐Duda, & Epper (2010). Risk and Rationality: Uncovering Heterogeneity in Probability Distortion. Econometrica 78(4), 1375–1412, DOI: 10.3982/ECTA7139). Each lottery can yield one of two monetary outcomes (all positive outcomes, no losses). The range of magnitudes of the outcomes is {0,50}, the range of probabilities for each outcome {0,1}. Each lottery is displayed as a pie chart with the outcomes' probabilities represented by a shaded area of the pie and the magnitude displayed as a number in the respective area of the pie. Subjects are assumed to choose mostly the lottery with the higher subjective value. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57818
},
{
"id": "tsk_QM81yNuuioVho",
"name": "value-based decision making",
"definition_text": "Participants were instructed to imagine a realistic situation where they have the option to enact a specific behavior, and then to make a decision indicating their preference. provided",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57837
},
{
"id": "tsk_3KF7rOdrBGivs",
"name": "Internal menu choice task",
"definition_text": "This experimental paradigm consists of three different tasks (conditions): (1) Internal menu choice task, requiring subjects to name a most preferred item in a given category (e.g. fruits) without a menu; (2) External menu choice task, requiring subjects to choose a most preferred item in a given category (e.g. fruits) from a pre-defined menu; and (3) Semantic fluency task, requiring subjects to name as many examples as they can from a given category (e.g. fruits).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57839
},
{
"id": "tsk_iSDZtD6pTyB2c",
"name": "center of mass approximation",
"definition_text": "The perception of the center of an object's distribution of matter, dependent on factors such as the geometry of the object, the perceived distribution of its density, and its orientation relative to the direction of gravity.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57840
},
{
"id": "tsk_37y3EdRertJba",
"name": "CAToon (cognitive and affective Theory of Mind Cartoon Task)",
"definition_text": "The Cognitive and Affective Theory of Mind Cartoon task <b>(CAToon)</b> is designed to measure affective and cognitive Theory of Mind (ToM) using cartoon stories. The task has an entertaining and timely design understandable and engaging for children as well as for adults. The task consists of 30 cartoon stories, representing three conditions (two experimental conditions targeting affective ToM (AT) and cognitive ToM (CT) and a control condition targeting physical causality (PC)). Each condition comprises 10 stories of similar visual complexity (i.e. backgrounds were matched across conditions). Three additional stories (one per condition) are available for practice purposes. <br>AT trials require participants to infer how a character would react to a fellow character’s expressed or expected emotions, whereas during CT trials participants have to assume how characters would act based on another character’s intentions or beliefs. PC trials serve as a control condition, requiring a basic understanding of cause and effect and basic physical laws.<br>All trials start with three images presented sequentially, followed by a single image display of three possible endings. CT trial endings consist of one correct, and two incorrect solutions. Incorrect solutions depict either a situation which would be illogical based on the storyline or physically impossible (e.g. object flies, character transforms). AT trial endings consist of two correct solutions (negative expectancy/positive expectancy) and one incorrect solution. In positive expectancy endings a character’s emotional needs are met with caring or reassuring, whereas in negative expectancy outcomes the character is scolded, ridiculed or ignored. This manipulation allows the investigation of differences in positive or negative outcome expectancy. PC trial endings have one correct and two incorrect solutions.<br><br><br><b>Developers' website: </b>https://www.jacobscenter.uzh.ch/en/research/developmental_neuroscience/downloads/catoon.html",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57843
},
{
"id": "tsk_pl4uqVGM1uj3Z",
"name": "Positive and Negative Images Task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants view positive images (sunsets and landscapes), negative IAPS images (guns, spiders), and neutral images (cups, chairs). ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57875
},
{
"id": "tsk_uzbPk1YB47Iqd",
"name": "motivational go/no-go learning task",
"definition_text": "Equiprobable Go/NoGo learning task (i.e. the ratio Go cues: NoGo cues is 50:50) featuring Win cues (chance for winning points/ money vs. neutral outcome) and Avoid cues (chance for neutral outcome vs. losing points/money).<br>The task features 4 conditions (at least 1 cue per condition):<br>- Go-to-Win: Cue with chance for winning money, requires Go response<br>- Go-to-Avoid: Cue with chance for losing money, requires Go response<br>- NoGo-to-Win: Cue with chance for winning money, requires NoGo response<br>- NoGo-to-Avoid: Cue with chance for losing money, requires NoGo response<br>All conditions feature the same amount of trials, i.e. Go/NoGo and Win/Avoid are fully orthogonalized (unlike other go/nogo tasks that are aimed at measuring inhibition and thus feature more go trials).<br><br>The correct response (Go/NoGo) is not instructed, but has been learned by trial-and-error from feedback. <br>Cue valence (Win/Avoid) is either instructed (e.g. cue edges in certain color) or has to be inferred from feedback (only Win cues can yield winning money, only Avoid cues can yield losing money).<br>Outcomes are usually probabilistic (e.g. 80% valid feedback, i.e. correct responses lead to winning money for Win cues/ neutral outcomes for Avoid cues in only 80% of trials, otherwise to invalid feedback; reversed probabilities for incorrect responses).<br><br>The task is used to measure Pavlovian biases/ motivational biases, i.e. the tendency to show more Go responses (and faster reaction times) to Win cues than Avoid cues.<br><br>",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57887
},
{
"id": "tsk_tlatUto2tMCYC",
"name": "Narrative-based Pain Empathy Task",
"definition_text": "A task elicting pain empathy based on written short stories about simultaneously displayed protagonists. In the narrative of each story, protagonist is either hurt physically (pain condition) or has non-painful events (control condition). Task can be expanded by adding new factor, e.g. nationality of the protagonist. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57927
},
{
"id": "tsk_ovuQxhbAPPMLs",
"name": "Boston Naming Test",
"definition_text": "The Boston Naming Test (BNT), consisting of 60 black and white line drawings of objects, is a measure of confrontation naming that takes into account the finding that patients with dysnomia often have greater difficulties with the naming of low frequency objects. Thus, instead of a simple category of anomia, naming difficulties may be rank ordered along a continuum. Items on the BNT are ordered according to their ability to be named, which is thought to be correlated with their frequency. This type of picture-naming vocabulary test is useful in the examination of children with learning disabilities and the evaluation of adults with brain injury or dysfunction. <br><br>(from Roth, C. (2011). Boston Naming Test. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_869)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57928
},
{
"id": "tsk_ORAzdOO86kNfM",
"name": "fMRI localizer for the frontotemporal language system",
"definition_text": "An fMRI localizer of frontal, temporal, and parietal brain regions involved in high-level linguistic processing. The task reliably identifies these brain regions in individual subjects using fMRI, by contrasting neural responses to meaningful and structured language stimuli vs. stimuli matched for low-level properties but lacking meaning and/or structure. In particular, responses to auditorily presented excerpts from engaging interviews or stories are contrasted vs. acoustically degraded versions of these materials. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 57961
},
{
"id": "tsk_kBYLTvZx59uOC",
"name": "Mindstrong for Regulation of Emotion",
"definition_text": "Mindstrong is a phone application that continuously collects data regarding the phone-user’s naturalistic patterns of typing and scrolling. This application will be installed on participant’s phone at a baseline visit and data will be collected on participants’ 45 keyboard and scroll patterns (generated from distinct swiping and tapping patterns) over a two-year period. Regarding emotional states and regulation, this technology will specifically collect data on word usage and frequency (via input from texts, emails, internet searches) to indicate participants’ emotional states. Behavioral change will also be inferred by evaluating changes in social activity (e.g., incoming and outgoing calls, messages), language, and location over the two-year timeframe.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58529
},
{
"id": "tsk_qBdQueJHSouuF",
"name": "Five-Trial Adjusting Delay Discounting Task",
"definition_text": "The Five-Trial Adjusting Delay Discounting Task is a very brief variant of the traditional Delay Discounting Task. The construct of delay discounting refers to people’s tendency to value rewards less as the amount of time increases until those rewards would be received. This brief task uses only five trials to estimate a person’s discounting rate by adjusting the specifications of each subsequent trial based on performance of the preceding trial. Each 5-trial version of this task uses one monetary amount for each trial (e.g., $1,000; $1,000,000). Each participant is asked on the first trial of the task whether they would prefer to receive that amount in three weeks or half that amount now. On the next trial the question is repeated but with a different time delay according to the participant’s response on the previous trial.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58532
},
{
"id": "tsk_tTKd4o04KpUDA",
"name": "Go-NoGo fMRI paradigm",
"definition_text": "The computerized task consists of 240 trials in which participants see a stimulus printed on the screen and they are asked to vary their response according to the stimulus color. In the more frequent 180 “Go” trials, participants are instructed to respond by pressing a button when they see green text on the screen displaying the word “press.” The main dependent behavioral measures in Go-NoGo tasks are response time and the commission error rate (making an incorrect “Go” response on “No-Go” trials); fewer commission errors signify better response inhibition. The Go-NoGo fMRI paradigm utilizes this same task to measure activation of participants’ cognitive control circuit (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, dorsal parietal cortex [DPC], and posterior cingulate gyrus), as well as the functional connectivity among these regions.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58536
},
{
"id": "tsk_OA90UJX5qwTyc",
"name": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6+)",
"definition_text": "The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6+) is a 6-item self-report measure of psychological distress intended to be used as a quick tool to assess risk for serious mental illness in the general population. The feelings and experiences for this first item are the following: “nervous,” “hopeless,”, “restless or fidgety,” “so depressed that nothing could cheer you up,” “that everything was an effort,” and “worthless.” The next item assesses the extent to which the feelings are typical for the person. The remaining items assess to what extent these experiences led to functional impairment.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58618
},
{
"id": "tsk_p7cabUkVvQPBS",
"name": "Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale",
"definition_text": "The original Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale contains 10 items designed to tap into a global sense of self-efficacy, or belief of an individual in his or her ability (e.g., “I can always solve difficult problems if I try hard enough,” and “I can usually handle whatever comes my way.”) The revised version here includes these 10 items and two, which are repeated and reversed to examine acquiescence bias. Response options range from 1, never true, to 7, always true. Higher scores indicate greater generalized self-efficacy.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58726
},
{
"id": "tsk_ccTKYnmv7tOZY",
"name": "Verbal Interference Test",
"definition_text": "The Verbal Interference Test is a behavioral assessment of cognitive regulation. In this task participants are presented with visual word stimuli that appear with incongruent text and color meaning (e.g., the word “RED” printed in blue, the word “BLUE” printed in green, the word “GREEN” printed in red). There are two phases of the task: Name (Part I) and Color (Part II). In the Name phase, participants are asked to identify the meaning of the word (e.g., red is the correct answer for the word “RED” printed in blue). In the Color phase, participants are asked to identify the color in which the word is printed (e.g., blue is the correct answer for the word “RED” printed in blue). This test assesses aspects of inhibition and interference corresponding to those indexed by the Stroop test.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 58746
},
{
"id": "tsk_YrmQX6rtPeujt",
"name": "attribute amnesia",
"definition_text": "In an attribute amnesia experiment, participants are asked only to report one attribute of a multi-attribute object on the first few trials. But on a surprise trial, they fail to report another attribute of the same object. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59002
},
{
"id": "tsk_U9gDp8utahAfO",
"name": "Pittsburgh Stress Battery",
"definition_text": "The Pittsburg Stress Battery is a standardized means of evaluating cardiovascular reactions as a response to acute stressors which have been linked to an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The original protocols vary but normally consisted of three tasks designed to maximize various psychological demands: a visual short term memory task (scanning), an accuracy evaluation (targeting), and a cognitive motor/reflex task (tracking).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59161
},
{
"id": "tsk_gskvlEiCHg899",
"name": "Future Orientation Scale of the Time Perspective Survey (child version)",
"definition_text": "The Future Orientation Scale of the Time Perspective Survey (child version) assesses the extent to which school-aged children have the ability or inclination to focus their attention on the future, as opposed to focusing on the past or present moments. Children are asked to respond with how well each statement describes what they believe on a Likert scale ranging from 1 (“Very Untrue”) to 5 (“Very True”). There are 13 total items (e.g., “Finishing homework and doing other jobs at home comes before play”, “I make lists of things to do.”) This scale was modified from the original measure that was developed for adults.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59163
},
{
"id": "tsk_alz5hjlUXp4WY",
"name": "Parent-Child Coercion Scale",
"definition_text": "This 9-item self-report scale assesses a parent's perception of how much coercion characterizes their relationship with their child.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59168
},
{
"id": "tsk_H2hu4WmHYl8Tu",
"name": "Immersive Virtual Reality Assay for Target: Regulation of Cognition (Behavioral and Self-Report)",
"definition_text": "The Immersive Virtual Reality Assay (IVRA) is a virtual reality paradigm designed to engage three self-regulation targets (self-focused reflection, affect, and cognition) and four corresponding brain circuits in a fixed order: (1) default mode circuit (related to self-focused reflection), (2) the negative affect circuit, (3) the positive affect circuit, and (4) the cognitive control circuit. Participants undergo different virtual environments using the Oculus Rift DK2 (virtual reality headset developed and manufactured by Oculus VR). This paradigm is intended to assess a participant’s regulation of cognition with the use of 3 optional virtual reality environments.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59172
},
{
"id": "tsk_eDDTJCIrL19Qj",
"name": "Daily Inventory of Stressful Events (DISE)",
"definition_text": "The Daily Inventory of Stressful Events (DISE) is a semi-structured survey in which participants report whether any of a series of stressful events had occurred within the past 24 hours. This end-of-day measure consists of a brief set of stem and conditional questions that can be can be administered via smartphones. This instrument yields several variables for each reported stressor including: (a) content classification of the stressor (e.g., work overload, argument over housework, traffic problem); (b) subjective severity of stressors; (c) primary appraisals (i.e., areas of life that were at risk because of the stressor); and (d) perceived control of the situation.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59181
},
{
"id": "tsk_ASxfTzukfK3Te",
"name": "social vs physical perception task",
"definition_text": "This fMRI task was devised by Fischer et al. (2013, PNAS). This stimuli from this task consists 10-s movies of two 2D dots moving as though they are physical objects, or as though they are interacting socially. Participants are asked to imagine as though they are looking down on the scene from above. They are asked to watch the dots, imagine the trajectory of one of the dots when it disappeared briefly, and indicate whether the final position of the hidden dot matches what they imagined. ",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59183
},
{
"id": "tsk_HfEOU5RLqcxAD",
"name": "SIDES Affect Dysregulation Scale (Child-Reported)",
"definition_text": "The Affect Dysregulation Scale (Child-Reported) is a six-item self-reported measure of adolescents’ frequency of difficulties with affect regulation. Items were suggested by the Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDES) with modifications made to simplify the wording for an adolescent sample and to generalize items to reference all feelings rather than just anger.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59185
},
{
"id": "tsk_161qcskOyTlfY",
"name": "Video-Mediated Affective Recall",
"definition_text": "The Video-Mediated recall procedure is a self-reported measure of remembered emotional responses and cognitions during a previous experience of social interaction with a close other such as one’s romantic partner or one’s child. The video-mediated recall procedure is a procedure by which parents and/or a member of a couple view a videotape of their interaction with their partner or child. While watching the video, they use a dial to rate their experienced emotion and/or cognitions moment-by-moment during the interaction task.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59191
},
{
"id": "tsk_ZaJZLqgqcXCLq",
"name": "Immersive Virtual Reality Assay for Target: Regulation of Self-Reflection (Behavioral and Self-Report)",
"definition_text": "The Immersive Virtual Reality Assay (IVRA) is a virtual reality paradigm designed to engage three self-regulation targets (self-focused reflection, affect, and cognition) and four corresponding brain circuits in a fixed order: (1) default mode circuit (related to self-focused reflection), (2) the negative affect circuit, (3) the positive affect circuit, and (4) the cognitive control circuit. Participants undergo different virtual environments using the Oculus Rift DK2 (virtual reality headset developed and manufactured by Oculus VR). This paradigm is intended to assess a participant’s regulation of self-reflection.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59197
},
{
"id": "tsk_uh2RnLbc0PU3v",
"name": "Maze",
"definition_text": "The Maze is a behavioral assessment of cognitive regulation. This computerized variation seeks to assess similar cognitive constructs as the Austin Maze (Walsh, 1991). Participants are asked to uncover a hidden path through a visual maze made up of an 8-by-8 grid of rectangles. As the participant navigates this path, green and red ticks on the bottom of the computer screen will appear to indicate correct moves and incorrect moves, respectively. A total of 24 correct moves are required for full completion of the maze, and the test ends with either two error-free completions or a time-out after 7 minutes.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59199
},
{
"id": "tsk_qsprWaphqkwim",
"name": "fMRI Facial Emotion Paradigm",
"definition_text": "The fMRI Facial Emotion Paradigm concerns regulation of emotion. It is a passive viewing task designed to engage participants’ affective neural circuits (including the amygdala, insula, and anterior cingulate cortex/ventral and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex). This task engages both implicit regulation of emotion reactivity and explicit appraisal, which allow for the conscious and nonconscious discrimination of emotional stimuli. Stimuli for this paradigm are facial expressions of threat-related emotions (i.e., fear and anger), loss-related emotions (i.e., sadness), reward-related emotions (i.e., happiness), and neutral emotions, selected from standardized series and modified so that the eyes are centrally positioned.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59201
},
{
"id": "tsk_EaAMakeLSEYxm",
"name": "Hierarchical Task",
"definition_text": "The Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning Task measures participants’ ability to discover and use higher-order structure in their environment. Participants are presented with 18 stimuli composed of three dimensions: shape, orientation, and border color. The task requires that participants respond to stimuli by pressing one of three keys in response to each of the stimuli. In a \"flat\" condition, the keys are randomly associated with the shapes so that the participant must learn each association independently. In a \"hierarchical\" condition, the stimulus-response mappings are instead structured, such that participants can use a rule to determine the correct response based on the combination of the three features.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59219
},
{
"id": "tsk_dn4ejmrGGaUAZ",
"name": "Relative Reinforcing Efficacy Purchase Task",
"definition_text": "The Relative Reinforcing Efficacy Purchase Task (RREPT) is a 9-item task that assesses different aspects of behavioral demand based on the relationship between demand and price. Demand is reduced as price is increased, and the differences in shape of the demand curve are measures of how reinforcing a substance is. Participants are asked to indicate how many cigarettes they would purchase and consume in a single day if the price per cigarette was $0.00 (free), $0.10, $1.00, $3.00, $10.00, $30.00, $100.00, $300.00, and $1,000.00.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59221
},
{
"id": "tsk_A1AEVp7clZsCB",
"name": "Emotion Identification Task",
"definition_text": "The Emotion Identification Task is a behavioral assay that utilizes two tasks to measure an individual’s ability to identify facial emotions and emotional bias. The first phase (the “study phase”) is an explicit emotion identification task, and the second phase is an implicit emotion recognition task. Using an internet-based test (“WebNeuro”), participants view 96 photographs of 8 different individuals expressing six different emotions: (1) neutral, (2) happy, (3) sad, (4) fear, (5) anger, and (6) disgust.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59224
},
{
"id": "tsk_k6MaDfNGbHqDx",
"name": "Go-No-Go Zoo Task",
"definition_text": "The Go-No-Go Zoo Task is a measure of inhibitory control. Child subjects are instructed to press a key in response to a displayed “go” stimulus (presented for 300 ms) but to avoid response when they are displayed a no-go stimulus. Children are instructed to respond as quickly as they can and to maintain accuracy. Trials are successful in the Go condition when child correctly responds to any animal that is not an orangutan and trials are successful in the No-Go condition when child correctly inhibits a response when seeing an orangutan. Errors are evaluated only for No-go trials (i.e., errors of commission), while successes are evaluated only for each correct Go trial.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59227
},
{
"id": "tsk_zfiXINJdIc1DM",
"name": "Mindstrong for Regulation of Cognition",
"definition_text": "Mindstrong is a phone application that continuously collects data regarding the phone-user’s naturalistic patterns of typing and scrolling. This application will be installed on participant’s phone at a baseline visit and data will be collected on participants’ 45 keyboard and scroll patterns (generated from distinct swiping and tapping patterns) over a two-year period. Regarding cognitive regulation, this technology will specifically collect data on typing latencies, response times, and phone stimuli detection indicating attention, executive function, memory, and processing speed.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59229
},
{
"id": "tsk_zhAW4G31jTPrw",
"name": "Angling Risk Task – Always Sunny",
"definition_text": "The Angling Risk Task (ART) Always Sunny assesses cognitive processes underlying decision making in a sequential risk-taking paradigm. This task is comprised of tournaments of 30 rounds each. In each round, participants “fish” for red and blue fish in an attempt to earn as much money as possible. Of the N fish, N-1 are red and 1 is blue. Each red fish the participant catches is worth five cents; if the participant catches the blue fish, however, the round ends, and the participant loses all the money accumulated in that round. In the “Always Sunny” version of the task, participants are able to see the number of red and blue fish.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59232
},
{
"id": "tsk_tp1574mCRYbWD",
"name": "Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire: Control vs. Impulsivity Scale",
"definition_text": "The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) is a 276-item self-report measure of a broad range of personality traits. It assesses 11 personality traits. Items about control vs. impulsivity assess whether participants report being “reflective,” “cautious,” “careful,” “level-headed,” and “sensible,” and whether they make “detailed plans.” Items are summed to compute a total score for each trait. Higher total scores for the control-vs.-impulsivity trait reflect acting rationally, preferring to plan one’s actions, making decisions carefully, and lack of spontaneity.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59244
},
{
"id": "tsk_NrSniDhXY2NKm",
"name": "Brief Risk-Resilience Index for Screening (BRISC)",
"definition_text": "The Mini Brief Risk-Resilience Index for Screening (BRISC) is a 15-item self-report measure of self-regulation of emotions. The BRISC measures three core domains: negativity bias (5 items; one’s hypersensitivity to stress and anticipation of negative outcomes, e.g., “I tended to overreact to situations”), emotional resilience (5 items; one’s capacity for self-efficacy, e.g., “I felt very satisfied with the way I look and act”), and social skills (5 items; one’s capacity to engage in social situations and seek support, e.g., “I enjoyed socializing and chatting to other people”). Negativity bias is concerned with risk for negative emotional states, whereas emotional resilience and social skills concern regulatory responses to negative emotional states.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59246
},
{
"id": "tsk_nHhIFQgl91Nkc",
"name": "Internal Self-Efficacy Task",
"definition_text": "The Internal Self-Efficacy Task was designed to capture individual differences in the tendency to set challenging goals. In the first stage (Stage 1: Piece-rate real effort task), participants are given three minutes in which they need to complete as many matches as possible in a real-effort slider-matching task. In this task, participants touch the computer screen to move a slider to its “goal” position (i.e., match the slider to the goal). In the second stage (Stage 2: Goal-setting) participants are told that they will again complete the real-effort slider-matching task for a three-minute interval but with a different payment scheme.In the third and final stage (Stage 3) participants complete the three-minute real-effort slider-matching task.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59256
},
{
"id": "tsk_LURJ93Bk1echa",
"name": "Consideration of Future Consequences Scale",
"definition_text": "The Consideration of Future Consequences Scale is comprised of 14 items that tap into an individual’s tendency to think about long-term consequences of his or her actions, or to guide behavior based on short- versus long-term considerations.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59258
},
{
"id": "tsk_Sgb6i1nFqMVjQ",
"name": "Immersive Virtual Reality Assay for Target: Regulation of Emotion (Behavioral and Self-Report)",
"definition_text": "The Immersive Virtual Reality Assay (IVRA) is a virtual reality paradigm designed to engage three self-regulation targets (self-focused reflection, affect, and cognition) and four corresponding brain circuits in a fixed order: (1) default mode circuit (related to self-focused reflection), (2) the negative affect circuit, (3) the positive affect circuit, and (4) the cognitive control circuit. Participants undergo different virtual environments using the Oculus Rift DK2 (virtual reality headset developed and manufactured by Oculus VR). This paradigm is intended to assess a participant’s regulation of emotion by having participants undergo two negative emotion regulation environments for the negative affect circuit and two positive emotion regulation environments for the positive affect circuit.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59261
},
{
"id": "tsk_aojKzJ2tvdhGZ",
"name": "Mindstrong for Regulation of Self-Focused Reflection",
"definition_text": "Mindstrong is a phone application that continuously collects data regarding the phone-user’s naturalistic patterns of typing and scrolling. This application will be installed on participant’s phone at a baseline visit and data will be collected on participants’ 45 keyboard and scroll patterns (generated from distinct swiping and tapping patterns) over a two-year period. Regarding self-reflection-related behavior, this technology will collect data on pertinent smartphone variables including identified resting periods via phone GPS. Over time, these variables will be tracked and monitored for changes in participants’ pattern of daily behavior.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59265
},
{
"id": "tsk_ZnDT4SbTZ2Bye",
"name": "Stroop-like Arrows Task",
"definition_text": "The Stroop-like Arrows Task aims to measure aspects of executive control, such as attentional control and inhibitory control. This adaptation of the Stroop-like Arrows Task consists of a series of 30 red and blue arrows (stimuli), which participants must respond to by pressing a “button” (a green rectangle) either in the congruent direction of the arrow (when it is red) or in the incongruent direction of the arrow (when it is blue). In other words, when the arrow is red and points to the left, the respondent should press the button to the left. On the other hand, when the arrow is blue and points to the left, the respondent should press the button to the right. Respondents must complete the task as quickly as possible.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59270
},
{
"id": "tsk_QlXQe5gup7UFj",
"name": "International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF)",
"definition_text": "The International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF) is a 7-item self-report scale designed to measure physical activity in adults. The scale is used to generate a single total score. Participants are asked to report activities performed across leisure time, work, domestic activities, and travel for at least 10 minutes during the last seven days at each of three intensities: walking, moderate, and vigorous intensity.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59293
},
{
"id": "tsk_pmvG0R2l7APPE",
"name": "optogenetic stimulation",
"definition_text": "Optogenetic stimulation is a genetic technique that enables scientists to activate or inhibit the activity of specific neuron populations using light.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59304
},
{
"id": "tsk_c6667oSpAnrBT",
"name": "Ecological Momentary Assessment of Stressful Events",
"definition_text": "The Ecological Momentary Assessment of Stressful Events is a brief measure of momentary experiences of stress aimed to be administered in ecologically valid environments close in time to the occurrence of stressful events. The goal of this measurement strategy is to minimize retrospective recall biases that can accompany the reporting of stress. The EMA measure consists of a brief set of stem and conditional questions that can be administered via smartphones as people go about their daily activities.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59313
},
{
"id": "tsk_L1akyyjEGdiUs",
"name": "Anxiety Sensitivity Index - 3 (ASI-3)",
"definition_text": "The Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3) is an 18 item scale containing items specifying different concerns someone could have regarding their anxiety. It contains 3 subscales \"ASI-3 Physical Concerns\", \"ASI-3 Cognitive Concerns\", \"ASI-3 Social Concerns\". The subject rates each item by selecting one of five phrases: “very little” (0 points), “a little” (1 point), “some” (2 points), “much” (3 points), and “very much” (4 points). No items are reversed coded.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59323
},
{
"id": "tsk_Rpfz9hVRPtUcq",
"name": "Interoceptive Attentiveness fMRI Task",
"definition_text": "The Interoceptive Attentiveness fMRI Task is a functional magnetic resonance imaging assay of the ability to deploy attention toward information that is internal (i.e., inside the body) versus external (e.g., outside the body). In this task brain activation is measured while the participant is asked to alternate between turning their attention inward (‘Interoception’ condition) and outward (‘Exteroception’ condition). The interoceptive target can be any internal body organ, such as the heart, bladder, stomach, or lungs, although a focus on the heart and the sensations of heartbeats is most commonly used. The exteroceptive target is typically a standard external attention task, such as monitoring for changes in visual stimuli that appear on the screen, as in the widely used Continuous Performance Test.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59325
},
{
"id": "tsk_Jdo0KE737b9N8",
"name": "Two-Stage Task",
"definition_text": "This task assess two types of reinforcement learning (RL): model-free and model-based RL. In this task, participants make two sequential decisions that navigate them through two \"stages\" defined by different stimuli. First-stage choices are associated with one of two second stages (e.g., 2a and 2b): one first-stage choice leads to 2a 70% of the time and 2b 30% of the time, while the opposite is true of the other first-stage choice (i.e. 2a occurs 30% of the time and 2b occurs 70% of the time). Each second-stage choice is associated with some probability of receiving a reward. This probability changes slowly over time, requiring continuous learning in order to succeed at the task.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59329
},
{
"id": "tsk_mUMzkG2xVn82g",
"name": "Convex Time Budgets",
"definition_text": "The Convex Time Budgets (CTB) task measures delay discounting, which is the tendency to discount value in the future (e.g., a lower subjective value of money at a later date relative to an earlier date). In this task, participants make 48 decisions total. Twenty-four of these decisions are in the gains domain, and 24 decisions are in the losses domain. These decisions occur for three compared times: (1) 2 vs. 4 weeks from today, (2) today vs. 4 weeks from today, and (3) today vs. 2 weeks from today.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59333
},
{
"id": "tsk_EeJGKBAbpHkIm",
"name": "Emotion Regulation Strategies Scale",
"definition_text": "The Emotion Regulation Strategies Scale is a 21-item self-reported measure of children’s methods for controlling anger and worry. Children complete a one-on-one interview to assess endorsement of emotion regulation strategies such as inhibition and expression using the 11-item Children’s Anger Management Scale (CAMS) and the 10-item Children’s Worry Management Scale (CWMS). All items are scored using a 3-point Likert scale (1 = hardly ever, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59334
},
{
"id": "tsk_zj7EaCdOZ1dae",
"name": "Couples Conflict Task",
"definition_text": "Couples engage in two 10-minute conflict discussions (e.g., one from each partner; top two important topics for couple).The assessor leaves the room for 10 minutes, during which the couple converses uninterrupted. The most fundamental property of a coding system is the sampling strategy for behavior, otherwise known as the coding unit. Major sampling strategies are event, duration, interval, and time. Coding systems can be molar/global (i.e. makes summary ratings) or molecular/microbehavioral (i.e. codes behavior as it unfolds over time). Investigators may use scores to analyze means, variability, or sequences.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59351
},
{
"id": "tsk_2wRB9XpiA4xMN",
"name": "Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness",
"definition_text": "The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness is a 32 item self-report measure composed of the following 8 subscales: (i) Noticing: awareness of uncomfortable, comfortable and neutral bodily sensations; (ii) Not-Distracting: the tendency to not ignore or distract oneself from sensations of pain or discomfort; (iii) Not-Worrying: the tendency to not react with emotional distress or worry to sensations of pain or discomfort; (iv) Attention Regulation: the ability to sustain and control attention to bodily sensation; (v) Emotional Awareness: the awareness of the connection between bodily sensations and emotional states; (vi) Self-Regulation: the ability to regulate psychological distress by attention to bodily sensations; (vii) Body Listening: actively listening to the body for insight; and (viii) Trusting: experiencing one’s body as safe and trustworthy. The MAIA is available free from the University of California OCMI webpage at (https://www.osher.ucsf.edu/maia/)",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59366
},
{
"id": "tsk_osfnJ7DNe8DB0",
"name": "Pearlin Mastery Scale",
"definition_text": "The Pearlin Mastery Scale consists of seven items designed to assess one aspect of psychological coping resources (Mastery). Example items include, “Sometimes I feel that I am being pushed here and there in life” (reverse-scored) and “What happens to me in the future mostly depends on me.” Response options range from 1, strongly disagree, to 7, strongly agree. Higher scores indicate greater mastery.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59367
},
{
"id": "tsk_HJI7NLY38yZgx",
"name": "Parent-Child Interaction Protocol",
"definition_text": "Parent-child interaction typically takes place in a small room containing a chair for the parent and three low tables. Objects that are attractive to children in this age range, but are not typically considered toys (e.g., a manual typewriter, an old school bell, a sealed glass jar of hard candy) are on the tables. The parent is instructed that the child is forbidden to touch these objects. The interaction consists of three tasks that present the parent with typical but challenging situations for the parent and child: 1. the parent is instructed to supervise the child for a maximum of 10 minutes in putting a set of toys into a plastic bin. 2. the parent gives the child another set of toys and is instructed to have the child play independently while the parent engages in a 10-minute simulated phone conversation with the experimenter. 3. the parent is told to have the child play quietly and independently on a mat while the parent completes questionnaires for 10 minutes.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59376
},
{
"id": "tsk_SJ4Q7gOYfy25Y",
"name": "Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test",
"definition_text": "Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test is a behavioral task that assesses non-verbal, analytic intelligence. Participants are presented with a display showing a matrix (e.g., a 3 x 3 grid consisting of three rows with three cells in each row). With the exception of the cell on the bottom right, each of the other cells in the display is occupied by a complex visual stimulus. Participants’ task is to determine which of eight other possible stimuli is the correct entry for the single empty cell.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59386
},
{
"id": "tsk_22KTtBdDDjZrU",
"name": "Risk Preferences Task",
"definition_text": "The Risk Preferences Task is a behavioral measure of risky decision-making that occurs in three series. In each series, participants must choose to draw a ball from one of two jars: Jar A or Jar B. Jar A and Jar B each contain two balls with an equal probability of being chosen at random (50%). The first round is an unpaid practice round, after which Series 1-3 occur (Series 1: choices over gains, Series 2: choices over losses, Series 3: choices over gains and losses).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59387
},
{
"id": "tsk_bc6vIpoShChdF",
"name": "Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)- Child Version",
"definition_text": "The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) is a 20-item self-report questionnaire used to measure the emotions of the respondent’s child during the past few weeks. The items are grouped into the two subscales with 10 items each: positive affect and negative affect. The respondent is asked to read several words which describe different feelings and emotions and enter a number that corresponds to the value on a scale to indicate the extent to which his/her child feels this way on average.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59402
},
{
"id": "tsk_UwGwPHdQkMJqi",
"name": "NIH Self-Efficacy Scale",
"definition_text": "The NIH Toolbox Self-Efficacy Scale is a 10-item self-reported measure that assesses belief in one’s capacity to manage and have control over meaningful events in life. Children answer questions (e.g., “I can manage to solve difficult problems if I try hard enough”; “When I have a problem, I can find several ways to solve it”) using a 5-point Likert response scale (1=Never, 2=Almost Never, 3=Sometimes, 4=Fairly Often, 5=Very Often). Total self-efficacy score ranges from 10-50.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59406
},
{
"id": "tsk_QN7TaO3lQgQpv",
"name": "Rapid Marital Interaction Coding System (RMICS)",
"definition_text": "The Rapid Marital Interaction Coding System (RMICS) is an event-based system designed to code observed dyadic behavior. Behavior is defined broadly to include all observable actions (i.e. affective, motoric, paralinguistic, and linguistic). The RMICS was designed to measure frequencies of behavior and behavioral patterns (i.e. sequences) between intimate partners during conflicts. It comprises three negative codes (low-intensity hostility, high-intensity hostility, dysphoric affect), two positive codes (low-intensity positivity, high-intensity positivity), one neutral (constructive problem discussion/solution), and one other. Coders assign a code to each speaker and listener turn, contingent on the verbal, nonverbal, and paraverbal content within.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59419
},
{
"id": "tsk_QEgcdL3G9d3fp",
"name": "Couple Coercion Scale",
"definition_text": "This 9-item self-report scale assesses an individual's perception of how much coercion characterizes their relationship with their partner. Items are rated on a 5-point scale from Never to Always",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59420
},
{
"id": "tsk_m9ORBitZNadcZ",
"name": "Parent-Rated Stress (NIH Perceived Stress Scale)",
"definition_text": "The NIH Toolbox Perceived Stress Survey is a 10-item parent report measure of the stress experienced by children ages 8 to 12 years old. It assesses how unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloaded respondents believe that their children find their lives. It is comprised of 10 items from the original Perceived Stress Scale developed for adults.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59440
},
{
"id": "tsk_dwOdvcER9RnBx",
"name": "Parent Cognition Scale",
"definition_text": "The Parent Cognition Scale (PCS) is a 30-item self-report measure designed to assess the degree to which parents endorse dysfunctional child-responsible and parent-causal attributions for child misbehavior. Respondents are asked to think about a target child’s misbehavior over the past 2 months and to rate various possible causes for their child’s misbehavior on a 6-point Likert scale that ranges from 1 (always true) to 6 (never true).",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59441
},
{
"id": "tsk_m9ZOG13yjvsPV",
"name": "Frustration in Timed Backwards Math",
"definition_text": "The Frustration in Timed Backwards Math Task assesses behaviors that indicate general anxiety, sadness, or frustration/anger in children. Participants complete the serial subtraction portion of the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C), an adapted version of a standardized stress paradigm originally developed and evaluated in adults. Participants are asked to count backwards from a high number by a certain interval. If a mistake is made, then they must start again from the beginning.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59442
},
{
"id": "tsk_5UPYiqtoX3yUf",
"name": "Future Events Structured Interview",
"definition_text": "The Future Events Structured Interview is a measure that assesses a child’s future-thinking processes. The measure captures different categories of descriptive details the child uses to describe future events in his or her life. A child participant is instructed to describe upcoming events aloud. Each interview is transcribed from audiotape and then the language is coded for frequencies of used words and phrases in the following dimensions: a) event details-internal; b) time; c) perception; d) emotion/thought; e) social; f) repetition; g) event details-external-semantic; h) external other.",
"alias": null,
"ID(c)": 59445
},
{
"id": "trm_4fba85a597ca9",
"name": "delayed memory task",
"definition_text": "a number between 2 and 7 digits is displayed for a brief period and is followed by a greater period of time than that in its complement, the immediate memory task, that contains distractor stimuli.",
"alias": "DMT",
"ID(c)": 23637
},
{
"id": "trm_565a31fa6f444",
"name": "regulated heat stimulation",
"definition_text": "The general task design is that a heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale. For this task, there are 9 runs. Runs 1,2, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9 are âpassive experienceâ runs, meaning that participants passively experience and rate the heat stimuli. Run 3 and 7 are âregulationâ runs, meaning that participants can cognitively âincreaseâ (regulate-up) or âdecreaseâ (regulate-down) pain intensity. For complete details, see:\r\n\r\nhttp://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002036",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23638
},
{
"id": "trm_5667451917a34",
"name": "2-stage decision task",
"definition_text": "Subjects participate in a two-stage decision task where they make a binary choice in each stage (stage 1&2) and probabilistically receive reward after the final stage (stage 2). First-stage choices are primarily associated with one of two second-stages (labeled 2a and 2b): one first-stage choice leads to 2a 70% of the time and 2b 30% of the time, while the opposite is true of the other first-stage choice. Each second-stage choice has its own probability of reward (constantly changing via a random-walk). The ultimate goal of the subject is to maximize reward, which are only given during the second stage. The ideal subject would identify the most rewarding second-stage stimulus and make first-stage choices that make it more likely to arrive at the relevant second stage. ",
"alias": "two-stage decision task",
"ID(c)": 23639
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d09b6d",
"name": "backward masking",
"definition_text": "a phenomenon wherein presenting one stimulus (a "mask" or "masking stimulus") immediately after another brief (⤠50 ms) "target" stimulus leads to a failure to consciously perceive the first stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23640
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2af083332",
"name": "size match task",
"definition_text": "participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are the same size",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23641
},
{
"id": "trm_56674133b666c",
"name": "adaptive n-back task",
"definition_text": "A variant of the n-back task, each trial consists of letters (b,d,g,t,v) presented in successive order. Subjects must press a button if the current letter matches the letter that occurred n trials ago (regardless of capitalization). N varies according to a staircase tracking method that increases as subjects accurately respond and decrease as subjects make errors. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23642
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2c18e1dd9",
"name": "object decision task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown pictures and asked to identify whether the object could be real or is unreal",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23643
},
{
"id": "trm_565a2e79b22f2",
"name": "incentive modulated antisaccade task",
"definition_text": "The basic antisaccade task is as follows:\r\n\r\nSubjects view a fixation point and a visual target is presented. Subjects are instructed to make a saccade away from the target (antisaccade).\r\n\r\nFor this version (from Figure 1 of http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929311000612)\r\n\r\nAt the onset of each AS trial, participants were first presented with one of two incentive cues (1500 ms) (Fig. 1). For rewarded trials, the cue consisted of three rectangles containing dollar signs ($ $ $), indicating that money could be earned on that trial if correctly performed. Participants were told that they could win up to US $25 based on their performance during the task. However, they did not know how much they could win on any given trial in order to prevent them from keeping a running tally of their earnings and invoking processes (i.e. working memory) separate from inhibitory control and reward processing. For neutral trials, the three consecutive rectangles each contained a dash (â â â), which indicated that no monetary gain was at stake for that trial. After the initial cue, a central red fixation cross subtending â¼0.7° of visual angle appeared (3000 ms), instructing participants to prepare for the target stimulus. The red central fixation then disappeared and a horizontally peripheral target stimulus (yellow spot, subtending â¼0.5°) appeared (1500 ms) at an unpredictable location on the horizontal meridian (±3°, 6°, or 9°). Participants were instructed to refrain from looking at the stimulus when it appeared but instead move their eyes to its mirror location. Target location was randomized within each run. During the VGS trials, participants were presented with a green fixation cross (1500 ms) which instructed them to look toward the peripheral stimulus when it appeared. No incentive cue was provided for VGS trials. The VGS trials were randomly interspersed between the AS trials to minimize the possibility that participants would establish an inhibitory response set (Velanova et al., 2009), but were not further analyzed. As indicated in previous studies, (Ollinger et al., 2001b and Ollinger et al., 2001a), the inter-trial fixation period was jittered between intervals of 1.5, 3, or 4.5 s (uniformly distributed) and consisted of participants simply fixating a central white cross on a black background. Participants performed three functional runs of the task (5 min 2 s each in duration) for a total of 30 reward AS trials, 30 neutral AS trials and 15 VGS trials.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23644
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b964d3ec",
"name": "overlapping figures task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to identify all the objects in pictures containing overlapping figures",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23645
},
{
"id": "trm_4fb4175126374",
"name": "meditation task",
"definition_text": "Participants perform meditation either according to a particular school or undirected in conjunction with cognitive, behavioral, and/or physiological measures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23646
},
{
"id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b3d7",
"name": "trace conditioning",
"definition_text": "a form of classical conditioning in which the presentation of the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus is separated in time by an interstimulus interval.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23647
},
{
"id": "trm_50b40bca8cf83",
"name": "Hungry Donkey Task",
"definition_text": "The Hungry Donkey Task is a version of Bechera's Iowa Gambling Task for children; it is a test in the areas of cognition & emotion that was originally developed to assist in detecting decision-making impairment in patients with prefrontal cortex damage. The experiment is often computerized and is carried out in real time and resembles real-world contingencies. A donkey chooses from four doors, each with a cost or reward in apples. The objective is to give the donkey the most apples possible. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23648
},
{
"id": "trm_5667436296862",
"name": "image monitoring",
"definition_text": "Subjects are serially presented 3 different images (colored squares). Subjects must monitor the repetitions of these images and press a button when any image reaches 4 repetitions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23649
},
{
"id": "trm_5667441c338a7",
"name": "2nd-order rule acquisition",
"definition_text": "In this task, subjects are presented with 18 stimuli composed of three dimensions: 3 shapes, 3 orientations and 2 colored borders. Subjects had to learn one of three key responses for each of the 18 stimuli. In the "flat" condition, the 18 stimuli to 3 responses mapping was arbitrary, requiring subjects to individually learn each of the 18 associations. In a hierarchical condition, the colored borders indicated whether "orientation" or "shape" determined the response. This simplifies performance if subjects learn this hierarchical structure.",
"alias": "2nd-order decision task, second-order rule acquisition",
"ID(c)": 23650
},
{
"id": "trm_50b55d8a6da00",
"name": "PEBL Perceptual Vigilance Task",
"definition_text": "This task measures sustained attention and reaction time. A light blinks randomly and the subject is asked to press a button when the they see it. The focus is not on how quickly the subject notices the light, but how often the subject doesn't notice the light. It is often used to study the effects of sleep deprivation and sleep debt. ",
"alias": "PPVT, psychomotor vigilance task, PVT",
"ID(c)": 23651
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b4bb165c",
"name": "orientation match task",
"definition_text": "participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are shown with the same orientation",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23652
},
{
"id": "trm_4af89b3a925ca",
"name": "Vandenberg & Kuse Tasks",
"definition_text": "Paper and pencil Test of mental rotation ability. Participants must are presented with four 3-D block figures and must select 2 from the group which match a reference figure. This test is administered under time contraints. A male advantage is typically seen on this type of task, as measured by test accuracy.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23653
},
{
"id": "trm_4b1968619b00b",
"name": "color-word stroop task",
"definition_text": "A task in which single words (including names of colors) are presented in colored ink, and the subject is asked to name the color of the ink as quickly as possible. The ink color may either match or conflict with the color name. Accuracy and response time are measured.",
"alias": "Stroop color-word task, Stroop color-word interference task, Stroop color naming task",
"ID(c)": 23654
},
{
"id": "trm_4b4a537644d76",
"name": "Penn continuous performance task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with a stream of letters, and must respond to one of the letters and refrain from responding to any other letters. The Penn Continuous Performance Test (PCPT) uses a standard CPT paradigm. The participant responds to a set of 7-segment displays presented 1/sec., whenever they form a digit (NUMBERS, initial 3 min) or letter (LETTERS, next 3 min). The number of true positive responses is recorded as the accuracy score and the median response time for true positive responses is the measure of attention speed.",
"alias": "PCPT",
"ID(c)": 23655
},
{
"id": "trm_4b65e5e2ab3ca",
"name": "word-picture verification task",
"definition_text": "is an experimental paradigm where a picture of an object is presented along with either an auditory or written word and participants indicate whether the word and the picture refer to the same concept. It is typically used as a test of semantic memory integrity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23656
},
{
"id": "trm_4b7497a289534",
"name": "block design test",
"definition_text": "the block design test is a subtest of perceptual reasoning index of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV. The block design test measures spatial perception, visual abstract processing, and problem solving.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23657
},
{
"id": "trm_4b749b8829eee",
"name": "embedded figures test",
"definition_text": "In the embedded figures test, the research participant is shown a complex background figure and asked to describe it. After this, the participant is shown a target (such as the outline of a triangle) and asked to locate the target amid the background figure.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23658
},
{
"id": "trm_4b75ea4ddd896",
"name": "same-different task",
"definition_text": "A task which assesses shifting attention. In the computerized version of this task, three spaceships appear on a screen and the participant must determine if the spaceships are all different or all the same. The spaceships can differ in color, size, or shape type. There are three levels of difficulty. In the first level, the spaceships must all be identical to be considered the same. In the second level of difficulty, the spaceships are considered the same even if they only share two qualities, and in the third difficulty level, the spaceships only need to share one quality to be considered the same. Auditory feedback is given after each response notifying the child whether their answer was correct. ",
"alias": "same-different matching task",
"ID(c)": 23659
},
{
"id": "trm_4b843655d5d75",
"name": "chimeric animal Stroop task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are shown pictures of chimeric animals (such as a duck's head attached to a cow's body) and asked to name animal that the head belongs to while ignoring the identity of the body, or vice versa. ",
"alias": "chimerical animal Stroop test",
"ID(c)": 23660
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86c2e871b14",
"name": "rapid automatized naming test",
"definition_text": ""Participants are required to name, as rapidly as possible, items presented visually on a chart. Each chart contains five rows of 10 stimuli from a category of five items. Categories include colors, lowercase letters, digits, and common objects. The tests are scored for total number of errors and time in seconds taken to complete each chart." - (Meyer, Wood, Hart, & Felton 1998)",
"alias": "RAN",
"ID(c)": 23661
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86c473a7166",
"name": "underlining test",
"definition_text": "This test involves finding and underlining stimuli among other stimuli. There are four conditions of the test: finding and underlining letters among other letters, drawings among other drawings, real words among nonsense letter strings, and then specific nonsense words among others. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23662
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86c55f3d5df",
"name": "WISC-R Mazes",
"definition_text": "This task involves completing a series of increasingly complex mazes. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23663
},
{
"id": "trm_4b86dbcd8ff78",
"name": "rapid serial object transformation",
"definition_text": "A task where two sets of differently colored superimposed patterns of dots rotate in opposite directions. The participant is asked to pay attention to on set of dots. One of the sets of dots will then move across the screen and the participant must say which direction the dots are moving. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23664
},
{
"id": "trm_4b94affc43245",
"name": "Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence",
"definition_text": "The WASI meets the demand for a reliable, brief measure of intellectual ability in clinical, educational and research settings for ages 6 to 89 years. With parallel forms of WAIS-IIIUK and WISC-IIIUK subtests, it offers the clinician a means of reducing practice effects on repeat testing. It yields traditional verbal, performance and full scale IQ scores and is linked to the WISC-IIIUK and WAIS-IIIUK. The WASI allows you to choose whether to use the four or two subtest format.",
"alias": "WASI",
"ID(c)": 23665
},
{
"id": "trm_4b94b12bf0eb2",
"name": "Wechsler Memory Scale Fourth Edition",
"definition_text": "Areas of Assessment\r\n\r\nUpdated Test Structure\r\n\r\nThe WMS-IV has had significant changes to the overall test structure. Based on feedback from customers, we are introducing four new subtests and modifying three existing subtests.\r\n\r\n4 subtests were added:\r\n\r\n * Spatial Addition\r\n * Symbol Span\r\n * Design Memory\r\n * General Cognitive Screener\r\n\r\n3 subtests retained with modifications:\r\n\r\n * Logical Memory\r\n Although the stories remain the same as seen in WMS-III for ages 16-69 years old, the repetition trial for Story B has been dropped to increase the consistency with previous editions. For the older age range of 65-90 years old, a new story was developed with content more relevant. The story is shorter and repeated once to enable adequate floor through age 90. You can obtain immediate versus delay and recognition versus delay contrast scores.\r\n * Verbal Paired Associates\r\n It now includes a combination of difficult and easy items. For the younger age group (16-69 years) there are 14 items of which 10 are hard. For the older age group (65-90 years), there are 10 items of which six are hard. Delayed Free Recall Trial has been added while Recognition Trial has increased its level of difficulty. You can obtain immediate versus delay and recognition versus delay contrast scores.\r\n * Visual Reproduction\r\n While following the same structure and format as seen in WMS-III, there have been a few changes to the subtest. Recognition Trial has been shortened and scoring has been improved. Based on Munro Cullumâs research, scoring is easier and faster than previously experienced and emphasizes recall with less focus on drawing accuracy. You can obtain immediate versus delay and recognition versus delay contrast scores.\r\n\r\n8 subtests were eliminated:\r\n\r\n * Information & Orientation\r\n * Spatial Span\r\n * Mental Control\r\n * Faces\r\n * Digit Span\r\n * Family Pictures\r\n * Letter Number\r\n * Word List (CVLT-II can be entered int",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23666
},
{
"id": "trm_4b9568b2865c2",
"name": "MicroCog",
"definition_text": "a commercially developed computerized assessment battery designed to detect early signs of cognitive impairment",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23667
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e0a9576c3b",
"name": "letter number sequencing",
"definition_text": "a task that requires the reordering of an initially unordered set of letters and numbers",
"alias": "letter-number sequencing",
"ID(c)": 23668
},
{
"id": "trm_4c3e0add96550",
"name": "oculomotor delayed response",
"definition_text": "a task that requires an eye movement to be made to a cued location after a delay",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23669
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d10cd776e",
"name": "operation span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are asked to perform a simple mathematical verification (e.g., 4/2 +1 = 3) and then read a word, with a recall test following some number of those verify/read pairs. The maximum number of words that can be recalled is the "operation span".",
"alias": "OSPAN",
"ID(c)": 23670
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d168898db",
"name": "reading span task",
"definition_text": "A task that requires participants to read series of unconnected sentences aloud and to remember the final word of each sentence of a series (grouped according to the total number of sentences). With each sentence presented on a card, participants were cued to recall the memorized end-of-sentence words in their original order by a blank card at the end of a series. The number of sentences of a series was incrementally increased until a participant's reading span, or the maximum number of final words correctly recalled, was found. (From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_span_task)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23671
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d1d16071e",
"name": "listening span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects must listen to a set of sentences and remember the last word in the sentence. The number of words that can be recalled is the "listening span." ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23672
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d2a93ea15",
"name": "AX-CPT task",
"definition_text": "A version of the continuous performance task in which subjects are told to make one response for the letter X when it was preceded by the letter A, and another response for all other stimuli. AX trials are "target trials"; in these types of trials a valid cue is followed by a valid probe. The 3 other trial types are "Non-target trials" in which either a valid cue is followed by an invalid probe ("AY" type trials) or an invalid cue is followed by either a valid or invalid probe ("BX" or "BY" probes, respectively). ",
"alias": "Continuous performance Test - AX version",
"ID(c)": 23673
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d325977f0",
"name": "self ordered pointing task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a set of stimuli is presented, and subjects must point to one stimulus at a time, without ever pointing at the same stimulus twice.",
"alias": "self ordered pointing task, SOPT",
"ID(c)": 23674
},
{
"id": "trm_4c40d4054f38b",
"name": "keep-track task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are first shown a set of categories to keep track of for a particular trial (e.g., animals, colors, and countries). They are then presented with words (including words from each category), and must remember the last word that was presented from each of the categories and recall those words at the end of the trial. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23675
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8989e1f3df7",
"name": "acupuncture task",
"definition_text": "subjects are monitored for their cognitive, behavioral, and/or physiological responses to stimulation with filamentous needles",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23676
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898a20eb254",
"name": "braille reading task",
"definition_text": "Blind subjects read Braille words with their finger(s).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23677
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898a680e424",
"name": "breath-holding",
"definition_text": "The subject is cued to breathe in and then hold their breath for an extended period of time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23678
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898a8fd3afb",
"name": "chewing/swallowing",
"definition_text": "Subjects chew an oral stimulus that is not food (e.g., gum) or swallow their own saliva. If the oral stimulus is food or liquid that is swallowed, then the correct paradigm class is eating/drinking",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23679
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898acd1f28e",
"name": "pavlovian conditioning task",
"definition_text": "participants encounter a stimulus (designated the "conditional stimulus" or CS and being one without inherent significance) is paired with an unconditional stimulus or US, so named because it is biologically significant (e.g. food, sex, drug, pain), so that the participant responds to the former in a way that conveys his or her association of the two; subtypes of classical conditioning vary the temporal relationship between the CS and US.",
"alias": "classical conditioning task",
"ID(c)": 23680
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b02722d2",
"name": "Counting/Calculation",
"definition_text": "Subjects count, add, subtract, multiply, or divide various stimuli (numbers, bars, dots, etc).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23681
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b29660b0",
"name": "cued explicit recognition",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a list of items (words, pictures, sounds, or abstract patterns) prior to scanning. During scanning, probe words are presented and subject recall if the words are familiar or unfamiliar.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23682
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b4b463aa",
"name": "deception task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are asked to perform a task and either lie or be truthful in their responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23683
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898b8c2d071",
"name": "deductive reasoning task",
"definition_text": "Participants generate or evaluate conclusions based on given or well-known premises.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23684
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898bbab4fd4",
"name": "divided auditory attention",
"definition_text": "During the performance of an unrelated task, subjects simultaneously respond to auditory stimuli (tone or word discrimination, with or without distractors). Also often co-coded with Tone Monitor/Discrimination.",
"alias": "divided attention test",
"ID(c)": 23685
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898be57fcbc",
"name": "drawing",
"definition_text": "Subjects draw lines, circles, or drawings using a pen or stylus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23686
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898c0786246",
"name": "eating/drinking",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23687
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898c33ee5f8",
"name": "encoding task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view stimuli (words, pictures, letters) and are instructed to memorize them.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23688
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898c8bf1b4f",
"name": "episodic recall",
"definition_text": "Subjects recall items from episodic memory (autobiographical history, long-term event memories). This class is commonly used in generating a type of emotion linked to a specific memory. This class does NOT include tasks which probe semantic memory (memory of facts or concepts) in which subjects are asked to recall stimuli that were memorized prior to scanning - those are coded as Cued Explicit Recognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23689
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898cb4ada49",
"name": "face monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with human faces and are instructed to view them passively or discriminate according to their order, gender, location, emotion, or appearance. If the subjects view the faces passively, then the experiment is NOT co-coded with Passive Viewing.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23690
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898da401420",
"name": "film viewing",
"definition_text": "Subjects view movie or film clips passively or are required to make a discrimination when the clip is over.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23691
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898f079d05e",
"name": "finger tapping task",
"definition_text": "Subjects tap their fingers according to a visual, auditory, or no cue.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23692
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898f72228f3",
"name": "fixation task",
"definition_text": "Subjects fixate on a visual target.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23693
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898f8f297ac",
"name": "flashing checkerboard",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a flashing checkerboard.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23694
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898fad429ed",
"name": "flexion/extension",
"definition_text": "Subjects move (flex and extend) their hands, arms, legs, feet, lips, tongue, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23695
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898fc6722f4",
"name": "free word list recall",
"definition_text": "Participants view a list of words and after a delay are asked to freely recall the words presented.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23696
},
{
"id": "trm_4c898ff0bea97",
"name": "grasping task",
"definition_text": "Subjects grasped or gripped a presented stimulus with their hand or mimicked grasping one that was not physically presented (i.e., was imaginary or presented as a picture or video).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23697
},
{
"id": "trm_4c899005b11d5",
"name": "imagined movement",
"definition_text": "Subjects imagine performing some movement (e.g., finger tapping, reaching).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23698
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89903149aeb",
"name": "imagined objects/scenes",
"definition_text": "Subject generate vivid images of objects, places, concepts, hypothetical events (not in their past), or the completion of tasks.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23699
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990480ad0f",
"name": "isometric force",
"definition_text": "Subjects use their hands or fingers to apply isometric force or complete a precision grip task.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23700
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990810541d",
"name": "mental rotation task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view visual stimuli (2D or 3D) and determine whether and to what extent they are rotated between trials.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23701
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89909cc1f33",
"name": "micturition task",
"definition_text": "Subjects think about voiding urine, provide urine samples, or keep a micturition diary.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23702
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990b07a037",
"name": "music comprehension/production",
"definition_text": "Subjects listen to music passively or are asked to sing overtly.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23703
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990c87035d",
"name": "naming (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them silently",
"alias": "covert naming task, covert production task",
"ID(c)": 23704
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990e187dc7",
"name": "naming (overt)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them aloud.",
"alias": "overt naming task, reading aloud task",
"ID(c)": 23705
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8990f59266f",
"name": "non-painful electrical stimulation",
"definition_text": "Subjects are electrically stimulated below pain threshold.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23706
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89910b7f8bc",
"name": "non-painful thermal stimulation",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience thermal stimulation (heat) below pain threshold.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23707
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89912c79030",
"name": "olfactory monitoring/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with odors and are instructed to smell them passively or to discriminate according to some feature (pleasant/unpleasant, strong/weak, same/different, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23708
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89913f80802",
"name": "orthographic discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view letters and discriminate according to some feature (uppercase/lowercase, alphabetic order, same/different spelling of words, vowel/consonant, font size, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23709
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8991c5beb0a",
"name": "pain monitor/discrimination task",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience thermal or electrical stimulation at a painful threshold.",
"alias": "pain judgment task",
"ID(c)": 23710
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8991e6e8597",
"name": "paired associate recall",
"definition_text": "Subjects are shown paired stimuli prior to the task. During the task, subjects are shown a single stimuli and are asked to recall the associated pair. Stimuli may be words, faces, objects, etc.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23711
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8991fadfe01",
"name": "passive listening",
"definition_text": "Subjects listen to various auditory stimuli and make no response. Stimuli include speech (words, sentences), noise, tones, etc. If the stimulus is tones, then the experiment is co-coded with Tone Monitor/Discrimination.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23712
},
{
"id": "trm_4c899211a965c",
"name": "passive viewing",
"definition_text": "Subjects view various visual stimuli and make no response. Stimuli include houses, faces, objects, fractals, letter strings, line drawings, complex scenes, etc. If the presented stimuli were faces, the experiments are co-coded with Face Monitor/Discrimination. But if the presented stimuli are words, the experiments are not coded as passive viewing but rather as reading (covert).",
"alias": "passive watching",
"ID(c)": 23713
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89922cb6402",
"name": "phonological discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view or listen to phonemes, syllables, or words and discriminate according to some feature of their sounds (rhyming, number of syllables, homophones, etc.).",
"alias": "phonological decision task",
"ID(c)": 23714
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89924414c69",
"name": "pitch/monitor discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with various stimuli (human speech and non-speech vocalizations, animal vocalization, mechanical noise, etc.) and are instructed to listen to them passively (also co-coded with Passive Listening), or discriminate based on pitch (pleasant/unpleasant, same/different, duration, familiar/unfamiliar, male/female).",
"alias": "pitch discrimination task",
"ID(c)": 23715
},
{
"id": "trm_4c89926767870",
"name": "pointing task",
"definition_text": "Subjects look and point at a target (e.g. cursor with their arm, hand, finger, or shoulder).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23716
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a82ba8a538",
"name": "reading (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view words, pseudo-words, Asian characters, phrases, or sentences and read them silently.",
"alias": "covert reading task, silent reading task, silent production task",
"ID(c)": 23717
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a82eeaa58f",
"name": "reading (overt)",
"definition_text": "subjects view words, pseudo-words, logograms, phrases, or sentences and read them aloud.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23718
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a830dec136",
"name": "recitation/repetition (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects silently repeat or recite phonemes, words, or well-known text (nursery rhymes, Pledge of Allegiance, months of the year, etc.).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23719
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a8329cb8ff",
"name": "recitation/repetition (overt)",
"definition_text": "Subjects repeat or recite phonemes, words, or well-known text (nursery rhymes, Pledge of Allegiance, months of the year, etc.) aloud.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23720
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a834779883",
"name": "rest eyes open",
"definition_text": "Subjects rest passively with their eyes open. Often used as a baseline for comparison for other tasks.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23721
},
{
"id": "trm_50f72e93ea9e3",
"name": "Motor Screening Task",
"definition_text": "The Motor Screening Task is typically administered at the beginning of a battery, and serves as a simple introduction to the touch screen for the participant. If a participant is unable to comply with the simple requirements of this task it is unlikely that they will be able to complete other tasks successfully. This task therefore screens for visual, movement and comprehension difficulties.",
"alias": "(MOT)",
"ID(c)": 23722
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a83cac75f5",
"name": "sequence recall/learning",
"definition_text": "Subjects learn and/or perform a complex sequence of finger tapping, button pressing, pointing/clicking, or various other motor responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23723
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a83f27ac55",
"name": "spatial location/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view shapes or other stimuli (letters, pictures, numbers, or arrows) and discriminate according to their location, orientation, or size.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23724
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a840d6f969",
"name": "subjective emotional picture discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects view pictures and are instructed to respond to emotional pictures, to indicate which pictures are pleasant/unpleasant or funny/not funny, or rate the valence of emotional pictures.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23725
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a842512a33",
"name": "syntactic discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects viewed grammatically correct and incorrect sentences and discriminate according to their grammar. This class also includes morphosyntactic tasks such as gender discrimination of words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23726
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a843d8d352",
"name": "tactile monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience tactile/somatosensory stimulation and are asked to attend passively or discriminate according to some feature (shape, texture, same/different, frequency of presentation, etc.) Also includes: subjects are presented with 3-dimensional objects and are asked to manipulate them in their hands and probe their features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23727
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a8467304e2",
"name": "theory of mind task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are asked to perform a task involving the understanding of another's personal beliefs and feelings or forming hypotheses regarding the mental states of others.",
"alias": "TOM task",
"ID(c)": 23728
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84825c4e4",
"name": "tone monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with tones and are instructed to listen to them passively (also coded as passive listening) or discriminate according to their order, timing, pitch, frequency, or amplitude.",
"alias": "tone discrimination task, tone monitoring task",
"ID(c)": 23729
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84afdd863",
"name": "vibrotactile monitor/discrimination",
"definition_text": "Subjects experience vibrotactile stimulation to the hand, finger, arm, toe, or lip.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23730
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84d4c4157",
"name": "video games",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23731
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a84f20dde2",
"name": "visual attention task",
"definition_text": "This category is a catch-all for visuoattention paradigms. Examples include: subjects press a button when a visual target (letters, bars, circles, asterisks, LEDs, etc) appears; subjects detect changes in luminance, shape, or color of visual stimuli; subjects fixate on a central stimuli while ignoring peripheral distractors. Also includes cued, attention shift, and divided attention paradigms.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23732
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a85534241d",
"name": "visual pursuit/tracking",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a moving target(s) and track its movement across the screen. Frequently, stimuli are moving dots.",
"alias": "tracking task",
"ID(c)": 23733
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a8575d1e55",
"name": "whistling",
"definition_text": "participants are cued to inhale and to whistle at fixed intervals, usually during some measure of brain physiology",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23734
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a858da803d",
"name": "word stem completion (covert)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view word stems and silently generate a word that completes the stem.",
"alias": "WSC",
"ID(c)": 23735
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a85a4564b2",
"name": "word stem completion (overt)",
"definition_text": "Subjects view word stems and overtly generate a word that completes the stem.",
"alias": "word stem completion task, WSC",
"ID(c)": 23736
},
{
"id": "trm_4c8a85c5c75eb",
"name": "writing task",
"definition_text": "Subjects write letters or words with a pen, stylus, or their finger.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23737
},
{
"id": "trm_4cacee4a1d875",
"name": "mixed gambles task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with gambles in which they have a 50% chance of gaining some amount of money and a 50% chance of losing some other amount of money. The subject decides whether or not they would accept the gamble. The amount of the potential gain and loss are varied across trials. Gambles are not resolved during performance of the task; after the end of the task, some gambles are chosen at random and played for real money if they were accepted. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23738
},
{
"id": "trm_4cacf22a22d80",
"name": "Probabilistic classification task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a set of stimuli and must classify those stimuli into one of two categories. In a common version known as the "weather prediction task" the stimuli are cards with geometric shapes on them and the outcomes are rainy versus sunny weather. The feedback is probabilistic, and performance is measured by the proportion of statistically optimal responses.",
"alias": "probabilistic classification learning task, weather prediction task",
"ID(c)": 23739
},
{
"id": "trm_4cacf3fbc503b",
"name": "conditional stop signal task",
"definition_text": "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response, but only for a subset of possible responses. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23740
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb94981d",
"name": "action imitation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a participant sees another person perform an action and later performs the same action him/herself. Imitation can be immediate or delayed. It can be instructed or elicited implicitly (without the participant's conscious awareness). The actions imitated can be familar/meaningful actions or unfamilar/meaningless actions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23741
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949846",
"name": "action observation task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view images of actions in order to learn the action themselves. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23742
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949858",
"name": "adult attachment interview",
"definition_text": "Standardized interview used to assess developmental and attachment history. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23743
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949869",
"name": "antisaccade/prosaccade task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a fixation point and a visual target is presented. Subjects are instructed to make a saccade away from the target (antisaccade) or to the target (prosaccade).",
"alias": "antisaccade task",
"ID(c)": 23744
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949879",
"name": "rapid serial visual presentation task",
"definition_text": "attentional processing of a first stimulus interferes with and/or delays the allocation of attention to a second stimulus if the second is presented before the processing of the first has been completed.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23745
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949889",
"name": "audio-visual target detection task",
"definition_text": "This task pairs auditory and visual stimuli. Participants are asked to indicate when the paired stimuli are presented in synchrony, or to identify the locations of the stimuli among distracting visual and auditory information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23746
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb94989b",
"name": "backward digit span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are presented with sequentially presented digits and are then asked to recall the items backwards. The number of digits that can be correctly recalled provides an estimate of working memory capacity.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23747
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498ab",
"name": "behavioral rating inventory of executive function",
"definition_text": "used for evaluating and planning treatment strategies for a wide spectrum of developmental and acquired neurological conditions, including learning disabilities, low birth weight, ADHD, Tourette's disorder, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Autism; consists of 8 non-overlapping clinical scales that form two broader indexes: Behavior Regulation (three scales) and Metacognition (five scales). A Global Executive Composite score is also produced; completed by parents and teachers, is suitable for children as young as 5 years old.",
"alias": "BRIEF",
"ID(c)": 23748
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498bc",
"name": "Benton facial recognition test",
"definition_text": "A tool used to assess deficits in facial recognition.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23749
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498ce",
"name": "Birmingham object recognition battery",
"definition_text": "a set of standardized procedures for assessing neuropsychological disorders of visual object recognition which includes tests to assess low-level aspects of visual perception (using same-different matching of basic perceptual features, such as orientation, length, position and object size), intermediate visual processes (e.g., matching objects different in viewpoint), access to stored perceptual knowledge about objects (object decision), access to semantic knowledge (function and associative matches) and access to names from object (picture naming).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23750
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498df",
"name": "block tapping test",
"definition_text": "tool used for assessment of visual short-term memory and implicit visual-spatial learning. An examiner taps a series of blocks and the subject must repeat in the correct sequential order. If the sequence is correct, the examiner adds another tap to the next sequence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23751
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9498ef",
"name": "boston naming test",
"definition_text": "assesses the ability to name pictures of objects through spontaneous responses and need for various types of cueing, inferences can be drawn regarding language facility and possible localization of cerebral damage.",
"alias": "BNT",
"ID(c)": 23752
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949900",
"name": "California Verbal Learning Test-II",
"definition_text": "A comprehensive and detailed assessment of verbal learning and memory available for older adolescents and adults. In addition to recall and recognition scores, it measures encoding strategies, learning rates, error types, and other process data.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23753
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949912",
"name": "Cambridge Face Memory Test",
"definition_text": "a test with high reliability and validity that assesses the ability to learn and then recognize six new faces.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23754
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949923",
"name": "category fluency test",
"definition_text": "a psychological test in which participants have to say as many words as possible from a category in a given time (usually 60 seconds), this category can be semantic, such as animals or fruits, or phonemic, such as words that begin with letter p.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23755
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949934",
"name": "choice reaction time task",
"definition_text": "Choice reaction time tasks require distinct responses for each possible class of stimulus. For example, the subject might be asked to press one button if a red light appears and a different button if a yellow light appears.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23756
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499a8",
"name": "Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-3",
"definition_text": "3rd edition of an assessment used to evaluate the nature and extent of language difficulties in school children and adolescents.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23757
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499b8",
"name": "color-discrimination task",
"definition_text": "is a behavioral task where a subject is to make specific responses when presented with particular colors. The responses to the various colors are then evaluated to see if the subject was able to discern between different colors. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23758
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499c7",
"name": "continuous recognition paradigm",
"definition_text": "In the continuous recognition paradigm, study and test phases are not separate entities, but rather, items are continuously presented and the participant is instructed to respond to an item as "old" if it has been seen before (generally presented a second time) in this continual stream of item presentation. Items that were correctly called "old" are the subsequently remembered trials, and items that were "missed" (not called old upon second presentation) make up the subsequently forgotten trials. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23759
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499d5",
"name": "cups task",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants choose between a risky and safe option. Each trial involves either gains or losses. The options are presented as a choice of cups. The risky option involves two to five cups, one containing a gain (loss) of $2, $3 or $5, and the others containing $0. If the latter option is selected, the payoff from one cup is selected at random. The safe cup offers a sure gain (loss) $1.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23760
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499e3",
"name": "delayed match to sample task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view an item(s). After a brief delay a probe item is presented and subjects are asked to recall if the probe item was presented before the delay (during encoding). Stimuli can be words, pictures, or abstract patterns. ",
"alias": "dms task, delayed matching to sample task",
"ID(c)": 23761
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499f1",
"name": "delayed nonmatch to sample task",
"definition_text": "A task in which an target is presented and then removed from view. This target must be maintained in working memory for a delay, after which it is presented with non-target(s). The participant's task is to identify the non-target.",
"alias": "DNMS task, delayed nonmatching to sample task",
"ID(c)": 23762
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb9499ff",
"name": "delayed recall test",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are given information to remember (list of words or paragraph) and which they are asked to reproduce after some span of time.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23763
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a0d",
"name": "digit span task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants are presented with sequentially presented digits and are then asked to recall the items. The number of digits that can be correctly recalled provides an estimate of working memory capacity.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23764
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a25",
"name": "digit/symbol coding test",
"definition_text": "a neuropsychological test sensitive to brain damage, dementia, age and depression; consists of (e.g. nine) digit-symbol pairs (e.g. 1/-,2/â´ ... 7/Î,8/X,9/=) followed by a list of digits. Under each digit the subject should write down the corresponding symbol as fast as possible. The number of correct symbols within the allowed time (e.g. 90 or 120 sec) is measured.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23765
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a33",
"name": "doors and people test",
"definition_text": "Doors and People is a test of long-term memory. It yields a single age-scaled overall score which can be âunpackedâ to give separate measures of visual and verbal memory, recall and recognition, and forgetting.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23766
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a41",
"name": "Edinburgh Handedness Inventory",
"definition_text": "a measurement scale used to assess the dominance of a person's right or left hand in everyday activities. It consists of a questionnaire with 10 activities listed (writing, drawing, throwing, using scissors, using a toothbrush, using a knife without a fork, using a spoon, the upper hand when using a broom, striking a match, and opening the lid of a box). Participants must indicate which hand they would use, and the strength of this preference (strong, less strong, indifferent).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23767
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a4f",
"name": "Eriksen flanker task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants view stimuli (typically arrows) presented one at a time and to which they must make a simple lexical response. These stimuli are surrounded by either distracting or facilitating items. Distracting items are typically associated with an opposite response ("incongruent" = pointing in opposite direction to target stimulus), whereas facilitating items are typically associated with the same response as the target stimulus ("congruent" = pointing in the same direction as the target stimulus).",
"alias": "flanker task, NIH Toolbox Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test",
"ID(c)": 23768
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a5d",
"name": "extradimensional shift task",
"definition_text": "A task in which multiple (typically two) stimuli are presented simultaneously and the subject must select the stimulus that matches the currently relevant rule. The relevant rule alternates or "shifts" among multiple (typically two) rules. The rule represents the relevant task "dimension". The stimulus-response mappings are unique and constant within each possible rule dimension.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23769
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a6a",
"name": "face n-back task",
"definition_text": "Task in which face stimuli are presented one at a time in a continuous stream, and the objective is to detect when the current face matches the face presented n previously (1,2, or 3 faces before).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23770
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a78",
"name": "Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence",
"definition_text": "a standard instrument for assessing the intensity of physical addiction to nicotine.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23771
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a85",
"name": "forward digit span task",
"definition_text": "A method of short-term memory measurement in which a person listens to someone say a series of single-digit numbers and must repeat them back in the same order they were given.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23772
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949a93",
"name": "go/no-go task",
"definition_text": "A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants perform a binary decision on each stimulus. One of the outcomes requires participants to make a motor response (go), whereas the other requires participants to withhold a response (no-go). Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each event. Go events typically occur with higher frequency than no-go events. ",
"alias": "go/nogo task",
"ID(c)": 23773
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949aa1",
"name": "Gray Oral Reading Test - 4",
"definition_text": "Measures growth in oral reading and aids in the diagnosis of oral reading difficulties. Five scores provide information on oral reading skills in terms of: Rate, accuracy, fluency, comprehension, overall reading ability, and comprehension. The test consists of two parallel forms, each containing 14 developmentally sequenced reading passages with five comprehension questions following each passage.",
"alias": "GORT-4",
"ID(c)": 23774
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949aae",
"name": "Hooper visual organization test",
"definition_text": "a neuropsychological test of visual spatial ability that presents participants with a line drawing of a common object that has been broken into fragments, and asks participants to name what the object would be if reassembled.",
"alias": "VOT",
"ID(c)": 23775
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949abc",
"name": "immediate recall test",
"definition_text": "involves presenting a subject with material that is to be memorized. Once the material is removed the subject is to immediately demonstrate everything that they remember from the material.\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23776
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949aca",
"name": "International Affective Picture System",
"definition_text": "a database of photographs used in emotion research.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23777
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ad7",
"name": "intradimensional shift task",
"definition_text": "A task in which multiple (typically two) stimuli are presented simultaneously and the subject must select the stimulus that matches the currently relevant rule. The rule represents the relevant task "dimension". The stimulus-response mappings within this dimension alternate or "shift" among multiple (typically two) alternatives. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23778
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ae5",
"name": "Iowa Gambling Task",
"definition_text": "a widely used experiment in the areas of cognition & emotion that was originally developed to assist in detecting decision-making impairment in patients with prefrontal cortex damage; a computerized experiment that is carried out in real time and resembles real-world contingencies. The task allows participants to select cards from four decks displayed on-screen. Participants are instructed that the selection of each card will result in winning or losing money. The objective is to attempt to win as much money as possible. (from http://iowagamblingtask.com/)\r\n\r\nOn each trial, participants select a card from one of four decks; two âbadâ decks offer a higher reward on most trials but also higher possible loss and lower overall expected value, whereas two âgoodâ decks offer a lower reward on most trials but lower possible loss and higher expected value. Participants learn the nature of the decks through trial-and- error. In some versions of the task, the probabilities are not stationary.",
"alias": "Bechara's gambling task",
"ID(c)": 23779
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949af3",
"name": "Ishihara plates for color blindness",
"definition_text": "a test for red-green color deficiencies that consists of a number of colored plates, called Ishihara plates, each of which contain a circle of dots appearing randomized in color and size. Within the pattern are dots which form a number visible to those with normal color vision and invisible, or difficult to see, for those with a red-green color vision defect.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23780
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b00",
"name": "Kanizsa figures",
"definition_text": "An ambiguous figure in which the illusory contour of a square (or triangle) appears in the middle of four (or three) truncated solid squares (or circles). It is an illustration of the perceptual ability to make sense of an incomplete figure by creating a 'whole' image from the separate elements (Gestalt organization).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23781
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b0e",
"name": "letter fluency test ",
"definition_text": "is a test that requires generation of words cued with a specific letter and depends on phonemic abilities.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23782
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b1c",
"name": "letter n-back task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants view a continuous stream of letter stimuli. The object of the task is to identify letter repetitions that occur n-trials preceding to the current stimulus.",
"alias": "LNB",
"ID(c)": 23783
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b2b",
"name": "letter naming task",
"definition_text": "Participants are presented with letters and asked to give the name for each letter as it appears or as the researcher points to it.",
"alias": "character naming task",
"ID(c)": 23784
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b38",
"name": "lexical decision task",
"definition_text": "a procedure used in many psychology and psycholinguistics experiments; the basic procedure involves measuring how quickly people classify stimuli as words or nonwords. Subjects are presented, either visually or auditorily, with a mixture of words and pseudowords (nonsense strings that respect the phonotactic rules of a language, like trud in English). Their task is to indicate, usually with a button-press, whether the presented stimulus is a word or not.",
"alias": "word/nonword task",
"ID(c)": 23785
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b46",
"name": "matching pennies game ",
"definition_text": "The game is played between two players, Player A and Player B. Each player has a penny and must secretly turn the penny to heads or tails. The players then reveal their choices simultaneously. If the pennies match (both heads or both tails), Player A receives one dollar from Player B (+1 for A, -1 for B). If the pennies do not match (one heads and one tails), Player B receives one dollar from Player A (-1 for A, +1 for B). This is an example of a zero-sum game, where one player's gain is exactly equal to the other player's loss.",
"alias": "matching pennies task",
"ID(c)": 23786
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949b54",
"name": "Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory",
"definition_text": "assess obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the areas of contamination fears and washing behaviors, checking, slowness, and doubting using 30 dichotomously scored (true/false) items, with each pathological response receiving a score of 1. ",
"alias": "MOC, MOCI",
"ID(c)": 23787
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bb1",
"name": "Mini Mental State Examination",
"definition_text": "The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) or Folstein test is a brief 30-point questionnaire test that is used to screen for cognitive impairment. It is commonly used in medicine to screen for dementia. It is also used to estimate the severity of cognitive impairment at a given point in time and to follow the course of cognitive changes in an individual over time, thus making it an effective way to document an individual's response to treatment.",
"alias": "MMSE, Folstein test",
"ID(c)": 23788
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bbf",
"name": "motor sequencing task",
"definition_text": "Participants perform several motoric tasks in a specific sequence/order.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23789
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bcd",
"name": "n-back task",
"definition_text": "A task in which items (e.g., letters) are presented one at a time and participants must identify each item that repeats relative to the item that occurred "n" items before its onset.",
"alias": "0-back task, 1-back task, 2-back task, 3-back task",
"ID(c)": 23790
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bdb",
"name": "nine-hole peg test",
"definition_text": "a timed test of fine motor coordination; the test involves the subject placing 9 dowels in 9 holes. Subjects are scored on the amount of time it takes to place and remove all 9 pegs.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23791
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949be9",
"name": "object-discrimination task",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown pairs or sets of objects. Experimenters then try to discern whether the participant is able to discriminate between the objects. This can be done by having subjects match identical objects to each other, having certain objects become associated with rewards and measuring accuracy, or measuring time spent observing novel objects compared to time spent observing previously seen objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23792
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949bf6",
"name": "oddball task",
"definition_text": "A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants must detect the presence of an oddball stimulus. The oddball is a stimulus that occurs infrequently relative to all other stimuli, and has distinct characteristics (e.g., a different tone among auditory stimuli).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23793
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949c04",
"name": "pantomime task",
"definition_text": "is when a subject is asked to explain an emotion or how an object is used by only gesturing with their hands and not using speech. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23794
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ce9",
"name": "Parrott Scale",
"definition_text": "a scale created for self-reporting of subjective states like stress, arousal, and pleasure in nicotine studies",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23795
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949cfb",
"name": "picture naming task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown pictures of objects and asked to identify the item.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23796
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d09",
"name": "Positive and Negative Affect Scale",
"definition_text": "A psychometric scale to measure positive and negative affects in individuals, and both as states and traits. Positive affect questions assess to what extent the participant is attentive, interested, alert, excited, enthusiastic, inspired, proud, determined, strong and active. Negative affect questions assess to what extent the participant is distressed, upset, hostile, irritable, scared, afraid, ashamed, guilty, nervous, and jittery. Participants answer questions on a Likert scale where 0=very, 1=slightly or not at all, 2=a little, 3=moderately, 4=quite a bit, and 5=very much. The questionnaire asks whether participants have felt these traits "during the past few weeks" (trait) and "during the past few days" (state).",
"alias": "PANAS",
"ID(c)": 23797
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d17",
"name": "Posner cueing task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view two stimuli (boxes, letters, etc.) and are cued by an arrow to attend to one of the stimuli. Subjects then discriminate and respond (e.g., press a button when one of the boxes is filled with a diagonal cross, or press the left button for an "X" and the right button for an "O"). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23798
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d25",
"name": "pseudoword naming task",
"definition_text": "Participants are presented (usually one at a time, rather than in list form) with words and pseudowords, which are strings of letters that have no meaning in the language but are still pronounceable and asked to read aloud what they see. In pseudoword choice or decision tasks, they are asked to identify whether the items are words or not.",
"alias": "pseudoword reading task",
"ID(c)": 23799
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d32",
"name": "pyramids and palm trees task",
"definition_text": "a semantic memory test that presents one word or picture above two others. The participant is then asked to identify which of the bottom items best matches the top item. Semantic memory is necessary for the identification of the analogies, which link conceptually two perceptually, and functionally distinct entities.",
"alias": "palmtrees and pyramids task",
"ID(c)": 23800
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d40",
"name": "recognition memory test",
"definition_text": "In a recognition memory test, a participant is presented with some or all of a set of "old" stimuli that were encoded earlier, as well as several "new" stimuli that were not previously presented. The participant's task is to indicate whether each stimulus is old or new. Responses in recognition memory tests are commonly sorted into four classes: Hits ("old" response to an old stimulus), Misses ("new" response to an old stimulus), False Alarms ("old" response to a new stimulus), and Correct Rejections ("new" response to a new stimulus). By comparing the percentage of responses that fall into each of these classes, the experimenter can assess both a participant's ability to discriminate between old and new stimuli, and his or her tendency to provide a particular response regardless of the type of stimulus presented. In many recognition memory tests, each old/new judgment is followed by a prompt asking participants to indicate either how confident they are in that old/new judgment, or what type of subjective experience was elicited by the stimulus being judged (e.g., was the old/new judgment accompanied by a vivid recollection of the encoding experience). This additional information can be used to generate and test more precise hypotheses about how recognition memory decisions are made.\r\n\r\nPattern Recognition Memory (PRM) is a specific recognition memory test included in the CANTAB. The participant is presented with a series of 12 visual patterns, one at a time, in the centre of the screen. These patterns are designed so that they cannot easily be given verbal labels. In the recognition phase, the participant is required to choose between a pattern they have already seen and a novel pattern. In this phase, the test patterns are presented in the reverse order to the original order of presentation.\r\nThis is then repeated, with 12 new patterns. The second recognition phase can be given either immediately or after a 20 minute delay.",
"alias": "(PRM), old-new recognition, pattern recognition memory",
"ID(c)": 23801
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d4e",
"name": "reversal learning task",
"definition_text": ""Reversal learning involves the adaptation of behavior according to changes in stimulusâreward contingencies [...] [Reversal learning]is exemplified by visual discrimination tasks where subjects must learn to respond according to the opposite, previously irrelevant, stimulusâreward pairing." - (Clark, Cools, & Robbins 2004)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23802
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d5b",
"name": "risky gains task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a sequence of three numbers in ascending order (20, 40, and 80). Each number is displayed onscreen for one second and, if the subject presses a button while that number is displayed, he/she receives that number of points along with immediate positive visual and auditory feedback. When a 40 or 80 appears, however, there is a chance that it will appear in an alternate color, along with immediate negative feedback signaling a loss of 40 or 80 points, respectively. When this occurs, the trial ends immediately (i.e. the subject may not make a response). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23803
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d69",
"name": "Salthouse and Babcock Listening Span task ",
"definition_text": "Participants listen to an experimenter read a set of sentences. The participant must simultaneously respond to comprehension questions, and record or remember the last word of each sentence. The measure of "listening span" is then the number of correct words recalled.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23804
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d76",
"name": "selective attention task",
"definition_text": "involves a participant to attend to a specific stimuli in the presence of competing stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23805
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d84",
"name": "semantic anomaly judgement task",
"definition_text": "Participants read or listen to sentences, then judge whether the sentence is plausible and makes sense semantically, or is implausible. Sentences may be structurally and gramatically correct, but the verb and noun are incompatible. Often, the structure or length of sentences varies to assess the role of working memory in any resulting deficit. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23806
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d92",
"name": "semantic association task",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown pairs of words or pictures and asked to identify if the items are semantically related.",
"alias": "semantic association judgment task",
"ID(c)": 23807
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949d9f",
"name": "sentence completion test",
"definition_text": "a test that provides respondents with beginnings of sentences, referred to as âstems,â and respondents then complete the sentences in ways that are meaningful to them. The responses are believed to provide indications of attitudes, beliefs, motivations, or other mental states. In a common version of this test, the Hayling Sentence Completion Test, a second condition is added, in which participants must complete the sentence with a word that makes no sense, requiring them to inhibit the semantically activated information.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23808
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dad",
"name": "set-shifting task",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants alternate between two or more judgments typically regarding the same set of stimuli. Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23809
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dbb",
"name": "Simon task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view arrows presented in the right or left visual field that were pointing to the left or right. Subjects respond via button press as to the direction of the arrow. In incongruent stimuli, left-pointing arrows are seen on the right side, and vice versa. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23810
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dc8",
"name": "simple reaction time task",
"definition_text": "Simple Reaction Time (SRT) is a test which measures simple reaction time through delivery of a known stimulus to a known location to elicit a known response. The only uncertainty is with regard to when the stimulus will occur, by having a variable interval between the trial response and the onset of the stimulus for the next trial. As soon as the participant sees the square on the screen, they must press the button on the press pad.",
"alias": "(SRT)",
"ID(c)": 23811
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dd6",
"name": "source memory test",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown a list or series of items (words, pictures, objects). Later, when shown an item, they are asked whether it has was shown to them before, and if they respond affirmatively, they are asked a question about the source of the item. The source question could be what the spatial location of the item was, what color it appeared in, or which list or set it belonged to.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23812
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949de3",
"name": "span/supra-span test",
"definition_text": "Participants are given sequences to recall that exceed their working memory span, usually by about 2 items, however the sequence contains a smaller repeating sequence(s) among the non-repeating items.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23813
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949df1",
"name": "spatial n-back task",
"definition_text": "Participants view a configuration of dots and must indicate whether the dot is in the same position as the dot in the picture presented n previously (0,1,2,or 3). In some variations, participants are asked to identify the location of the dot n pictures back, rather than indicating if the current dot matches.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23814
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949dfe",
"name": "Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "instrument used to measure trait (chronic) anxiety, a general propensity to be anxious, and state (temporary) anxiety, a temporary state varying in intensity, in adults.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23815
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e0c",
"name": "Sternberg delayed recognition task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view a string of letters. After a delay, a probe letter is presented and subjects indicate if the presented letter was in the previously viewed group. ",
"alias": "Sternberg task, delayed recognition task, Sternberg item recognition task",
"ID(c)": 23816
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e1a",
"name": "stop signal task",
"definition_text": "Participants usually perform a choice reaction time in which they have to respond as quickly as possible to a particular stimulus feature (e.g. colour, shape, identity, or location). On a minority of the trials, the go stimulus is followed by an additional signal (e.g. an auditory tone or a visual cue), which instructs participants to withhold their planned response. ",
"alias": "stop task",
"ID(c)": 23817
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e27",
"name": "Stroop task",
"definition_text": "Subjects view color names presented in various ink colors and are instructed to name the color of the ink. In incongruent stimuli, color names and ink colors are non-matching. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23818
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e35",
"name": "Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)",
"definition_text": "a diagnostic exam used to determine DSM-IV Axis I disorders (mental health disorders). It covers 6 diagnostic categories, and is often used in conjunction with an unstructured interview. The exam includes an administration booklet of questions for the examiner to ask and a scoresheet. Scores are not determined by "right" or "wrong" answers, but by number of questions that adhere to diagnostic criteria.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Clinical_Interview_for_DSM-IV",
"alias": "SCID",
"ID(c)": 23819
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e44",
"name": "symbol-digit substitution",
"definition_text": "DSST is a neuropsychological test sensitive to brain damage, dementia, age and depression. It isnât sensitive to the location of brain-damage (except for damage comprising part of the visual field). It consists of (e.g. nine) digit-symbol pairs (e.g. 1/-,2/â´ ... 7/Î,8/X,9/=) followed by a list of digits. Under each digit the subject should write down the corresponding symbol as fast as possible. The number of correct symbols within the allowed time (e.g. 90 or 120 sec) is measured.\r\n",
"alias": "digit symbol substitution task, DSST",
"ID(c)": 23820
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e5b",
"name": "Symptom Checklist-90-Revised ",
"definition_text": "a relatively brief self-report psychometric instrument designed to evaluate a broad range of psychological problems and symptoms of psychopathology. It is also useful in measuring the progress and outcome of psychiatric and psychological treatments or for research purposes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23821
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e7c",
"name": "syntactic acceptability judgement task",
"definition_text": "Also called the syntactic plausibility judgment task, this task asks participants to read sentences and indicate whether or not they are gramatically correct. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23822
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e8a",
"name": "task-switching ",
"definition_text": "A task in which participants alternate between two or more judgments typically regarding the same set of stimuli. Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23823
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949e98",
"name": "temporal discounting task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are asked to choose between a smaller reward earlier in time versus a larger reward later in time.",
"alias": "delay discounting task, intertemporal choice task",
"ID(c)": 23824
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ea5",
"name": "Test of Word Reading Efficiency",
"definition_text": "a nationally normed measure of word reading accuracy and fluency that provides an efficient means of monitoring the growth of two kinds of word reading skills that are critical in the development of overall reading ability: the ability to accurately recognize familiar words as whole units or âsight wordsâ and the ability to âsound outâ words quickly. ",
"alias": "TOWRE",
"ID(c)": 23825
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949eb3",
"name": "Tobacco Craving Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "a multidimensional questionnaire to assess tobacco craving. It consists of a 47-item TCQ and other forms assessing demographics, tobacco and other drug use history, quit attempts, and current mood. It represents four specific constructs that characterize craving for tobacco: (a) Emotionality, or smoking in anticipation of relief from withdrawal symptoms or negative mood, (b) expectancy, or anticipation of positive outcomes from smoking, (c) compulsivity, or an inability to control tobacco use, and (d) purposefulness, or intention and planning to smoke for positive outcomes. It is an instrument for assessing tobacco craving in individuals not attempting to reduce or quit smoking.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23826
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ec0",
"name": "Trail Making Test A and B",
"definition_text": "A neuropsychological test in which participants must connect-the-dots (traverse between items) according to some specified order. In Test A these items are numbers (1,2,3 etc.) and the order is determined by increasing magnitude. In Test B these items are both numbers and letters (1,2,3, A,B,C etc.) and the order is determined by a combination of increasing numbers AND letters (e.g., 1 A 2 B 3 C..) requiring participants to alternate between letters and numbers.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23827
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ece",
"name": "Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "a rating scale used to follow the longitudinal course of Parkinson's disease, made up of the following sections: (1)evaluation of Mentation, behavior, and mood, (2)self evaluation of the activities of daily life (ADLs), (3)clinician-scored motor evaluation, (4)Hoehn and Yahr stating of severity of Parkinson disease, (5)Schwab and England ADL scale; these are evaluated by interview and clinical observation.",
"alias": "UPDRS",
"ID(c)": 23828
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949edb",
"name": "visual alignment task ",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown misaligned lines and asked to indicate which side the top line is offset. Alternatively, participants may be asked to complete an alignment with a pencil or digital pointer.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23829
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ee9",
"name": "visuospatial cueing task",
"definition_text": "participants look at a computer screen and press buttons to respond to targets. In some of the trials, a visual cue will appear before the target, but in the same spot as the target.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23830
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949ef7",
"name": "Warrington's Face/Word Recognition Test",
"definition_text": "Also called the Warrington Recognition Memory Test (RMT), "the RMT consists of the presentation of 50 printed words at the rate of one word every 3 s, and for each word the subject is required to judge the presented stimulus as "pleasant" or "unpleasant" to help ensure that they are attending to the stimulus items. The patient is then presented with a series of word pairs, and the task is to identify which of the two words came from the target list. A series of 50 faces is then presented at the same rate, and the patient is asked to provide the same pleasant versus unpleasant judgments; the patient\r\nis then presented with a series of 50 pairs of faces, and the task is again to identify which of the two faces came from the target list." - (Hermann, Connell, Barr, & Wyler 1995)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23831
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f04",
"name": "Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised",
"definition_text": "a general test of intelligence, which Wechsler defined as, "... the global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment." In keeping with this definition of intelligence as an aggregate of mental aptitudes or abilities, the WAIS-R consists of 11 subtests divided into two parts, verbal and performance.",
"alias": "WAIS-R",
"ID(c)": 23832
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f12",
"name": "Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Revised",
"definition_text": "used with adults ages 16 to 90 and measures cognitive ability using a core battery of 10 unique subtests that focus on four specific domains of intelligence: verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. ",
"alias": "WAIS",
"ID(c)": 23833
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f21",
"name": "Wisconsin card sorting test",
"definition_text": "The participant is presented with stimulus cards with shapes on them. The cards differ in color of the shapes, number of the shapes, and the form of the shapes. The participant is asked to sort these cards into two piles. The participant is not told what stimulus dimension to use in order to sort the cards, but the administrator tells the participant if a particular match is correct. During the test, the sorting rules are changed and the participant must discover the new sorting rule in order to be successful. ",
"alias": "WCST",
"ID(c)": 23834
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f2f",
"name": "word attack",
"definition_text": "Participants must read non-words aloud. Raw scores are converted into a "reading comprehension age," which is then compared to the participant's real age to determine if they are a poor or gifted reader.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23835
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f3d",
"name": "word generation task",
"definition_text": "Covert: Semantic: subjects listen to or view nouns and silently generate an associated verb, or subjects view a category and silently generate as many exemplars as possible; Orthographic: subjects listen to or view a letter and silently generate as many words as possible that start with that letter; Phonologic: subjects listen to or view a word and silently generate words that rhyme. \r\n\r\nOvert: semantic: subjects listen to or view nouns and overtly generate an associated verb, or subjects view a category and overtly generate as many exemplars as possible; Orthographic: subjects listen to or view a letter and overtly generate as many words as possible that start with that letter; Phonologic: subjects listen to or view a word and overtly generate words that rhyme.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23836
},
{
"id": "tsk_4a57abb949f4a",
"name": "word identification",
"definition_text": "is the process of determining the pronunciation and some degree of meaning of an unknown word. Note: Word- identification skills commonly taught are phonic analysis, structural analysis, context clues, configuration clues, dictionary skills, and sometimes picture clues.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23837
},
{
"id": "trm_4d54b2cc0f943",
"name": "Cambridge Gambling Task",
"definition_text": "Participants see ten boxes at the top of a screen, each of which is red or blue in some ratio. Under one of these boxes is a token, and participants must guess whether the token is under red or blue. On a gambling trial, participants can select some proportion of their allotted points to bet on their judgement.",
"alias": "CGT",
"ID(c)": 23838
},
{
"id": "trm_4d54b61a14a14",
"name": "Probabilistic gambling task",
"definition_text": "Two cards are drawn without replacement from a deck containing cards numbered from one to ten (one of each). After the first card is presented, participants bet whether the next card will be higher or lower than the first card. Thus there is maximal risk when the first card is five or six, zero risk when it is ten or one. \r\n\r\nIn later version of the task participants bet on whether the second card will be higher or lower before seeing the first card.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23839
},
{
"id": "trm_4d54b8361e93e",
"name": "behavioral investment allocation strategy",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants choose between two stocks (gain/loss gambles, one stochastically dominating the other) and one bond (a sure gain of $1). They must learn through trial-and-error the characteristics of the stocks, which change over blocks of trials. Feedback on payoffs of the forgone options is presented on each trial. ",
"alias": "BIAS",
"ID(c)": 23840
},
{
"id": "trm_4d55997cd3edb",
"name": "non-choice task",
"definition_text": "Each of 12 stimuli (circles of different colors, numbers and sizes) is associated with a different reward magnitude and probability. These include all combinations of (100 and 200) point rewards with (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1) probabilities, plus 300 and 400 rewards with 0.5 probability. Participants are first trained to learn the probabilities and outcomes associated with each stimulus. Next, on each trial, a stimulus appears in one of four quadrants of the screen, and participants indicate which quadrant using a button press.",
"alias": "non-choice task to study expected value and uncertainty",
"ID(c)": 23841
},
{
"id": "trm_4d559bcd67c18",
"name": "balloon analogue risk task",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants pump a simulated balloon without knowing when it will explode. Each pump increases the potential reward to be gained but also the probability of explosion, which wipes out all potential gains for that trial. In most studies, balloon explosion probabilities are drawn from a uniform distribution, and participants must learn explosion probabilities through trial-and-error.",
"alias": "BART",
"ID(c)": 23842
},
{
"id": "trm_4d559d2703bae",
"name": "devil's task",
"definition_text": "This task is a forerunner to the BART: on each trial, participants decide howmany of seven treasure chests to open. They are informed that six boxes contain a prize and one box contains a âdevilâ that will cause themto lose all their potential gains on that trial. Similar to the BART, participants make sequential choices and, after opening each chest, decide whether to continue to the next chest or cash in their earnings to that point.",
"alias": "Slovic's risk task",
"ID(c)": 23843
},
{
"id": "trm_4d55a2bbcfdff",
"name": "choice task between risky and non-risky options",
"definition_text": "a choice made between two or more options when one of those options has some probability >0 of producing either a reinforcing or an aversive consequence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23844
},
{
"id": "trm_4d8a48e403c78",
"name": "inductive reasoning aptitude",
"definition_text": "how well a person can identify a pattern in data\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23845
},
{
"id": "trm_4d949c5b0e380",
"name": "rhyme verification task",
"definition_text": "Stimuli are presented in pairs (either words or pseudowords) and the subject is asked to judge whether the pair of stimuli rhyme with one another.",
"alias": "rhyming judgment task, rhyming task, rhyme task, rhyme judgment task, rhyme decision task, rhyming decision task",
"ID(c)": 23846
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6304c9aa23",
"name": "attention networks test",
"definition_text": "a combination of the Posner cueing paradigm and the Eriksen flanker test, the ANT presents participants with a target item (>) surrounded by congruent (> > > > >), neutral (- - > - -), or incongruent flanker stimuli. Stimulus presentation is preceded by different cue conditions and the participant is instructed to identify the target stimulus.",
"alias": "ANT, Attentional Network Task",
"ID(c)": 23847
},
{
"id": "trm_4da63146f12d7",
"name": "remember/know task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23848
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6318f7381b",
"name": "probabilistic reversal learning task",
"definition_text": "participants learn to respond according to the opposite, previously irrelevant, stimulus-reward pairing, often in a visual discrimination task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23849
},
{
"id": "trm_4da631be60291",
"name": "counting Stroop task",
"definition_text": "participants count the number of words in a display of words describing numbers (e.g. "three")",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23850
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6327154fd4",
"name": "scene recognition task",
"definition_text": "subjects are shown a scene and must later decide whether views from different vantage points are of the same scene",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23851
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6331cdeeb5",
"name": "California Verbal Learning Test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23852
},
{
"id": "trm_4da6338803ed2",
"name": "Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Revised",
"definition_text": "The WISC-IV comprises Picture Concepts, Letter-Number Sequencing, Matrix Reasoning and two supplemental tests: Cancellation and Word Reasoning.",
"alias": "WISC, WISC-IV",
"ID(c)": 23853
},
{
"id": "trm_4da633dbb5817",
"name": "word fluency test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23854
},
{
"id": "trm_4da633fe917c4",
"name": "Color Trails Test",
"definition_text": "Designed to be a culturally fair analog of the trail making test (TMT), the CTT presents numbered colored circles and universal sign language symbols. The participant is required to alternate between the number and color sequences in completing the task.",
"alias": "CTT",
"ID(c)": 23855
},
{
"id": "trm_4da634216ebbc",
"name": "dual-task paradigm",
"definition_text": "participant performs two tasks simultaneously",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23856
},
{
"id": "trm_4da869646e5d1",
"name": "item recognition task",
"definition_text": "participants view a series of items (e.g. pictures or words) and after some interval are shown a series including these, during which they specify what items they recognize",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23857
},
{
"id": "trm_4da869e68b5c4",
"name": "memory span test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23858
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86ad02b3ea",
"name": "complex span test",
"definition_text": "a test in which participants must not only memorize items, but must perform an additional cognitive task (e.g. "2 + 2 = 5; A" in which the equation must be evaluated for whether it is true and the letter following must be memorized)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23859
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86b539924c",
"name": "spatial span test",
"definition_text": "part of the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale and Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, it is an analog to a digit span task. White squares are shown, some of which briefly change colour in a variable sequence. The participant must then touch the boxes which changed colour in the same order that they were displayed by the computer (for clinical mode) or in the reverse order (for reverse mode). The number of boxes increases from 2 at the start of the test to 9 at the end, and the sequence and colour are varied through the test.",
"alias": "(SSP)",
"ID(c)": 23860
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86c2a70a7d",
"name": "dot pattern expectancy task",
"definition_text": "descendant of the expectancy AX task, participant views a combination of simple dot formations as cues and probes; for example, ".:." may be a target probe, but should only be responded to if preceded by the cue ":" rather than ".." or any other formation.",
"alias": "DPX",
"ID(c)": 23861
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86c6808ddd",
"name": "Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test",
"definition_text": "a test of intelligence which Raymond Cattell subdivided into "fluid," or inherited, and "crystallized," or learned, designed to minimize the influence of cultural experiences",
"alias": "CCFIT, CFIT",
"ID(c)": 23862
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86c8bb3b04",
"name": "letter comparison task",
"definition_text": "participant views two rows of consonants and must indicate as quickly as possible whether these rows are identical",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23863
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86cb034ff6",
"name": "pattern comparison task",
"definition_text": "This test measures speed of processing by asking participants to discern whether two sideby-side pictures are the same or not. The items are presented one pair at a time on the computer screen, and the participant is given 90 seconds to respond to as many items as possible (up to a maximum of 130). The items are designed to be simple so as to most purely measure processing speed.",
"alias": "NIH Toolbox Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test",
"ID(c)": 23864
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86cdbd9eeb",
"name": "test of variables of attention",
"definition_text": "a target detection task subtype, the T.O.V.A. uses geometric shapes as both target and distractor stimuli",
"alias": "T.O.V.A.",
"ID(c)": 23865
},
{
"id": "trm_4da86cfe8cf1b",
"name": "sustained attention to response task",
"definition_text": "participants are to respond to frequent neutral signals and are required to withhold response to rare critical signals",
"alias": "SART",
"ID(c)": 23866
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87b8bf1511",
"name": "matching familiar figures test",
"definition_text": "participants are shown an image of a familiar object and several comparison images of that object, one of which is identical and the others of which are slightly different; the participant is to select the identical image",
"alias": "MFFT",
"ID(c)": 23867
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87e439c411",
"name": "Tower of London",
"definition_text": "participant must rearrange a set of three colored balls arranged on pegs, in the fewest possible moves, to match a specified configuration",
"alias": "ToL",
"ID(c)": 23868
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87e7282f92",
"name": "Tower of Hanoi",
"definition_text": "participants see discs of various sizes distributed among three pegs and must organize them in a stack of decreasing size upward with specific constraints (i.e. only one disk can be moved at a time, each disk must be placed on one of the pegs, and a larger disk can never be placed on top\r\nof a smaller disk)",
"alias": "ToH",
"ID(c)": 23869
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87e9c79847",
"name": "dichotic listening task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to attend to one or both channels of different, sometimes disparate, stimuli played simultaneously through a headset",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23870
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87f383435b",
"name": "directed forgetting task",
"definition_text": "subjects are instructed halfway through an incidental or intentional learning task that they should forget what had been presented so far because it was just practice, but after learning is complete are asked to recall the entirety of the learning task (e.g. a list of words)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23871
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87f81bc2c8",
"name": "retrieval-induced forgetting task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23872
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87fb28978e",
"name": "Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test",
"definition_text": "Participant is presented with a series of single digit numbers and are instructed to sum the two most recent digits.",
"alias": "PASAT",
"ID(c)": 23873
},
{
"id": "trm_4da87fdd7820e",
"name": "Porteus maze test",
"definition_text": "participants must trace a path untimed through mazes of increasing complexity without backtracking or lifting their pencil",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23874
},
{
"id": "trm_4da880396c76b",
"name": "Rey-Ostereith Complex Figure Test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23875
},
{
"id": "trm_4da880ff8fd4a",
"name": "Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery ",
"definition_text": "is a computer-based cognitive assessment system consisting of a battery of neuropsychological tests, administered to subjects using a touch screen computer. The 22 tests in CANTAB examine various areas of cognitive function, including:\r\n\r\n * general memory and learning,\r\n * working memory and executive function,\r\n * visual memory,\r\n * attention and reaction time (RT),\r\n * semantic/verbal memory,\r\n * decision making and response control.\r\n\r\nThe CANTAB endeavours to import the accuracy and rigour of computerised psychological testing whilst retaining the wide range of ability measures demanded of a neuropsychological battery. It is suitable for young and old subjects, and aims to be culture and language independent through the use of non-verbal stimuli in the majority of the tests.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23876
},
{
"id": "trm_4da881dace79c",
"name": "Corsi Blocks",
"definition_text": "was developed in the early 1970s as a visuospatial counterpart to the verbal-memory span task (Milner, 1971). Over the years, it has frequently been used to assess visuospatial short-term memory performance in adults (e.g. Smyth & Scholey, 1992), children (e.g. Orsini, Schiappa, & Grossi, 1981), and patients with neuropsychological deficits (e.g. Vilkki & Holst, 1989). \r\n\r\nThe original Corsi apparatus consisted of a set of nine identical blocks (3 X 3 X 3 cm) irregularly positioned on a wooden board (23 X 28 cm). The experimenter points to a series of blocks at a rate of one block per second. Subsequently, the participant is required to point to the same blocks in their order of presentation. The length of the block sequences increases until recall is no longer correct. \r\n\r\nNumerous variations have since been employed in both display characteristics (e.g. colour, number and size of the blocks, block placement, size of the board) and test administration (e.g. presentation rate, block sequences, recall order, scoring technique) (for a review, see Berch, Krikorian, & Huha, 1998).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23877
},
{
"id": "trm_4da886fc2bc46",
"name": "Visual Patterns Test",
"definition_text": "is a measure of short term visual memory that has been designed for use both as a clinical tool and a research instrument. In the VPT, the subject is presented with matrix patterns of black and white squares in grids of varying size and required to memorize a series of black and white checkerboard-like patterns of increasing complexity. Such matrix patterns are virtually impossible to code verbally.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23878
},
{
"id": "trm_4da8885b33375",
"name": "Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test",
"definition_text": "comprises a number of subtests focused on providing objective measures of everyday memory performance in people with observed and/or reported memory difficulties.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23879
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88a2a63d97",
"name": "paired associate learning",
"definition_text": "was invented by Mary Whiton Calkins in 1894 and involves the pairing of two items (usually words)âa stimulus and a response. For example, words such as calendar (stimulus) and shoe (response) may be paired, and when the learner is prompted with the stimulus, he responds with the appropriate word (shoe).",
"alias": "associative learning task, (PAL)",
"ID(c)": 23880
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88a8e13f26",
"name": "vigilance",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "sustained attention task",
"ID(c)": 23881
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88ae0f2952",
"name": "Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task",
"definition_text": "The Rey is a word-list learning task in which 15 unrelated words are presented orally (usually via audio recording) over three consecutive learning trials. After each presentation, the participant is asked to recall as many of the words as he/she can. The Rey is one of the most widely studied measures of memory and has been used in different languages, cultures and ethnic groups around the world. The test can be administered as a supplement to the PSMT for even more detailed study of episodic memory, or as an accommodation in place of PSMT for those with significant visual impairment.",
"alias": "NIH Toolbox Auditory Verbal Learning Test",
"ID(c)": 23882
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b17b985b",
"name": "nonword repetition task",
"definition_text": "participant is instructed to repeat after each nonword (i.e. phoneme or series of phonemes) spoken in a recording",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23883
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b3b0cbcc",
"name": "response mapping task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23884
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b63787d6",
"name": "pursuit rotor task",
"definition_text": "The pursuit rotor task is a task used in common use in the mid 20th century which involved a participant trying to follow (pursue) a small disc on a rotating turntable. Original mechanical versions had typical rotation rates of 60 RPM, which is probably too fast for mouse-controlled versions. The PEBL version offers a simple version with multiple trials and controllable parameters that can be used as a test of hand-eye coordination. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23885
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88b8b60ffb",
"name": "alternating runs paradigm",
"definition_text": "A type of task-switching paradigm in which two different tasks are presented in alternating runs or blocks",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23886
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88bb3c2462",
"name": "object alternation task",
"definition_text": "the participant is to locate a target under one of two objects, and the object it is located under changes each time the target is found",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23887
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88bd4412da",
"name": "animal naming task",
"definition_text": "animals are presented, usually pictorially, and participants are asked to name them aloud",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23888
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88bff0507c",
"name": "CatBat task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to fill in missing letters in a written short story; the first half describes contexts for which "c" would most appropriately complete "_at," while the second half describes contexts for which "b" would most appropriately complete "_at." ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23889
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88c205b16b",
"name": "haptic illusion task",
"definition_text": "cognitive and physiological measures are taken while participant experiences a tactile illusion",
"alias": "tactile illusion",
"ID(c)": 23890
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88c5302e06",
"name": "Brixton spatial anticipation test",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23891
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88c904862b",
"name": "Hayling sentence completion test",
"definition_text": "Participants are given the beginnings of sentences to complete. The sentences appear to have expected answers. In the first condition, participants must complete the sentence with a/the word that makes sense. In the second condition, participants are asked to complete sentences by saying semantically unrelated words, thereby making the sentence nonsensical.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23892
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88cb222308",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Picture Sequence Memory Test",
"definition_text": "The Picture Sequence Memory Test involves recalling increasingly lengthy series of illustrated objects and activities that are presented in a particular order on the computer screen, with corresponding audiorecorded phrases played. The participants are asked to recall the sequence of pictures demonstrated over two learning trials; sequence length varies from 6-18 pictures, depending on age. Participants are given credit for each adjacent pair of pictures they correctly place (i.e., if pictures in locations 7 and 8 are placed in that order and adjacent to each other anywhere, such as slots 1 and 2, one point is awarded), up to the maximum value for the sequence, which is one less than the sequence length. (That is, if 18 pictures are in the sequence, the maximum score is 17 â the number of adjacent pairs of pictures \r\nthat exist). ",
"alias": "PSMT, picture set test",
"ID(c)": 23893
},
{
"id": "trm_4da88ec6735ad",
"name": "Uznadze haptic illusion task",
"definition_text": "Two spheres of different sizes are repeatedly placed in participants' hands, and they are asked to compare the sizes; upon the final presentation these are replaced with identically sized spheres.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23894
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890594742a",
"name": "emotional regulation task",
"definition_text": "participant completes task that induces emotional conflict while behavioral and/or physiological data is collected",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23895
},
{
"id": "trm_4da89077f19ae",
"name": "digit cancellation task",
"definition_text": "a descendant of the Lifshitz distractibility test, participants are instructed to cross out particular digits in an array, either with or without an auditory distractor of numbers read aloud",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23896
},
{
"id": "trm_4da89089ce0af",
"name": "zoo map test",
"definition_text": " a planning subtask derived from the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome test battery in which participants must plan in advance a route for visiting particular sites in a zoo",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23897
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890a9bd7a3",
"name": "Morris water maze",
"definition_text": "an open-field water-maze procedure in which rats learn to escape from opaque water onto a hidden platform, used to examine how rodents navigate in the absence of spatial cues",
"alias": "MWM, Morris water task, Morris water navigation",
"ID(c)": 23898
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890cf99b9e",
"name": "Stockings of Cambridge Task",
"definition_text": ""The participant is shown two displays containing three coloured balls. The displays are presented in such a way that they can easily be perceived as stacks of coloured balls held in stockings or socks suspended from a beam. The participant must use the balls in the lower display to copy the pattern shown in the upper display. The balls may be moved one at a time by touching the required ball, then touching the position to which it should be moved."",
"alias": "(SOC)",
"ID(c)": 23899
},
{
"id": "trm_4da890f978492",
"name": "Glasgow Coma Scale",
"definition_text": "is a neurological scale that aims to give a reliable, objective way of recording the conscious state of a person for initial as well as subsequent assessment. A patient is assessed against the criteria of the scale, and the resulting points give a patient score between 3 (indicating deep unconsciousness) and either 14 (original scale) or 15 (the more widely used modified or revised scale).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23900
},
{
"id": "trm_4da8911e715e3",
"name": "Early Social and Communication Scales",
"definition_text": "a 15â20 min videotaped, structured social observational measure designed to assess children's use of eye contact and gestures to regulate and respond to social interactions",
"alias": "ESCS",
"ID(c)": 23901
},
{
"id": "trm_4da8914987ee2",
"name": "Reynell Developmental Language Scales",
"definition_text": "The Reynell Developmental Language Scales measures language skills in young or developmentally delayed children. The scales include 1) verbal comprehension scale to assess receptive language skills, and 2) expressive language scale to assess expressive language skills.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23902
},
{
"id": "trm_4da891794859f",
"name": "MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories",
"definition_text": "a parent-report measure of language development in children between 8 and 30 months of age. The infant (8-16 months) form comprises vocabulary checklists, actions, and gestures, while the toddler (16-30 months) form comprises vocabulary, sentences, and grammar.",
"alias": "CDIs",
"ID(c)": 23903
},
{
"id": "trm_4da891a546d8c",
"name": "autism diagnostic observation schedule",
"definition_text": "Series of structured and semi-structured tasks that involve social interaction between the examiner and the subject. Subject is given opportunities to exhibit social and communication behaviors relevant to autism.",
"alias": "ADOS",
"ID(c)": 23904
},
{
"id": "trm_4da891d43240c",
"name": "modified Erickson Scale of Communication Attitudes",
"definition_text": "a questionnaire designed to understand how the participant feels about communication, often used in speech therapy",
"alias": "S24",
"ID(c)": 23905
},
{
"id": "trm_4dadbdd0b2b8c",
"name": "delayed response task",
"definition_text": "No definition submitted yet.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23906
},
{
"id": "trm_4dadbe225bdf1",
"name": "spatial delayed response task",
"definition_text": "subjects focus on a fixation cross while a dot-shaped cue appears elsewhere on the screen; after this the fixation cross is replaced by several geometric shapes, one of which the participant must respond to, and when the fixation cross appears again the participant must indicate where the cue had appeared.",
"alias": "SDR, oculo-motor delayed response, OMDR",
"ID(c)": 23907
},
{
"id": "trm_4dadbfd771a54",
"name": "picture-word Stroop test",
"definition_text": "participants view line drawings of commons objects paired with either congruent or incongruent names thereof (e.g. a drawing of an umbrella with the word "BALLOON" or "UMBRELLA" above it)",
"alias": "PWST",
"ID(c)": 23908
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d031bc8c2",
"name": "synchrony judgment task",
"definition_text": "Participants decide whether the unimodal cues to a crossmodal event (stimulus) were in temporal synchrony or not, i.e., whether they were "in synch" or "out of synch".",
"alias": "simultaneity judgment task, SJ",
"ID(c)": 23909
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b6fd33c5",
"name": "position of gap match task",
"definition_text": "participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side have a gap in the same position",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23910
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2b16e7aff",
"name": "length match task",
"definition_text": "part of the BIrmingham Object Recognition Battery; participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are the same length",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23911
},
{
"id": "trm_4e31d69b7f422",
"name": "temporal order judgment task",
"definition_text": "Participants decide which of two (or more) unimodal cues (e.g. audio or video) was presented first (or sometimes second) in a crossmodal stimulus. Alternatively, unimodal (auditory, visual or tactile) temporal order judgments generally involve deciding which of two spatial locations was presented first.",
"alias": "TOJ",
"ID(c)": 23912
},
{
"id": "trm_4fba857ad04ac",
"name": "immediate memory task",
"definition_text": "a number between 2 and 7 digits is displayed for a brief period and is followed briefly by a blank screen, then another number to which participants respond only if it is identical to the first.",
"alias": "IMT",
"ID(c)": 23913
},
{
"id": "trm_4e550887d92de",
"name": "heat stimulation",
"definition_text": "A heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23914
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5662373bc89",
"name": "heat sensitization/adaptation",
"definition_text": "A long (~ 30 seconds or more) heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation continuously on a visual analogue scale",
"alias": "heat sensibilization / habituation, tonic stimulation model with continuous visual analogue scale",
"ID(c)": 23915
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5bb14d814a8",
"name": "rubber hand illusion",
"definition_text": "One hand is occluded from sight and an artificial hand is lying in front of the participant. Synchronious paint brush strokes are applied to the same fingers of the occluded hand and the artificial hand. The participant rates the sense of ownership of the artificial hand on the Ownership Illusion Questionnaire or reports the felt position of his or her own hand against a ruler (proprioceptive drift).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23916
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5d07565b68e",
"name": "mechanical stimulation",
"definition_text": "A mechanical stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale.",
"alias": "Pin tip stimulation",
"ID(c)": 23917
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5e7ac84c2e5",
"name": "dual sensitization",
"definition_text": "Heat stimuli below, at, and above pain threshold (PT; stimulation interval: 30 â 40 seconds) are applied to the skin and the participant gives continuous pain ratings on a visual analogue scale. ",
"alias": "tonic heat stimulation model",
"ID(c)": 23918
},
{
"id": "trm_4e5fcd75efb58",
"name": "thermal grill illusion",
"definition_text": "Innocuous warm and cool bars that are spatially interlaced are applied together to the skin and produce a painful burning sensation. The participant rates the experienced sensation.",
"alias": "Thunberg Illusion",
"ID(c)": 23919
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6112759926e",
"name": "tonic pain stimulation",
"definition_text": "A long pain stimulus (usually more than 20 seconds) is applied to the skin and the participant gives continuous ratings on a visual analogue scale. Pain can be induced with thermal (hot/cold), electrical, chemical or mechanical stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23920
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6114e7b1ff2",
"name": "phasic pain stimulation",
"definition_text": "A short pain stimulus (usually up to 3 seconds) is applied to the skin and the participant rates the stimulus on a visual analogue scale. Pain can be induced with thermal (hot/cold), electrical or mechanical stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23921
},
{
"id": "trm_4e664d3718e1b",
"name": "cold stimulation ",
"definition_text": "A noxious cold stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23922
},
{
"id": "trm_4e68e08950157",
"name": "electric stimulation",
"definition_text": "An electric stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the perceived pain on a visual analogue scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23923
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6a2f61b17b0",
"name": "capsaicin-evoked pain",
"definition_text": "Capsaicin, the active ingredient of chili peppers, is injected intradermally into the skin and participants rate the experienced sensation on a rating scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23924
},
{
"id": "trm_4e6a44ee854f8",
"name": "cold pressor test",
"definition_text": "The hand or foot is immersed into a bowl of iced water and participants report their sensation from first clear pain to unbearable pain on a scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23925
},
{
"id": "trm_4e8a0dd29ec7b",
"name": "sequential shape matching",
"definition_text": "Participants are shown an object for a fixed period. After an interstimulus interval, typically with no intervening object presentations, a second object is presented. The second object is either the same or a different object. Typically, at least one other factor is manipulated. For example, the object may be presented from different viewpoints at each presentation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23926
},
{
"id": "trm_4e8dd3831f0cc",
"name": "deterministic classification",
"definition_text": "Is a feedback-driven learning task in which participants classify stimuli into different categories. A common version of this task is the "weather prediction task."\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23927
},
{
"id": "trm_4e8dd3dfd9fff",
"name": "mixed event-related probe",
"definition_text": "When an experimental run consists of blocks of two or more related behavioral tasks. For example, a mixed event-related probe in a classification learning experiment can consist of alternating blocks of probabilistic classification trials and deterministic classification trials.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23928
},
{
"id": "trm_4eb1f3a8ec119",
"name": "intermodal preferential looking paradigm",
"definition_text": "Infants are trained to associate an image with a linguistic (often a nonsense word) cue and, during testing, hear this auditory cue and see its paired image next to a novel image. If the infant demonstrates a significant preference for the cue-paired word, this is considered evidence for the capacity for word learning.",
"alias": "IPL, IPLP",
"ID(c)": 23929
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc6a6b75ebf",
"name": "tone counting",
"definition_text": "A task in which a participant needs to count and remember the number of specific tones presented in an experimental run.",
"alias": "tone-counting",
"ID(c)": 23930
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc728326a13",
"name": "single-task weather prediction ",
"definition_text": "is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on if the response was correct or incorrect. This may or may not be presented with other stimuli (ex-tones of different frequencies), but the goal of the task is to only pay attention the the classification task at hand. \r\n",
"alias": "single task weather prediction ",
"ID(c)": 23931
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc98cc77e7b",
"name": "dual-task weather prediction",
"definition_text": "A task in which a subject must attend and respond to two different tasks contained in one experimental run; one task is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on whether the response was correct or incorrect. The other task requires the subject to listen to different tones and count the number of a specific tone.",
"alias": "dual task weather prediction",
"ID(c)": 23932
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebc9d2e397f2",
"name": "classification probe without feedback",
"definition_text": "is preformed after receiving training in the classification learning task. It is similar to the classification learning task but in this task the subject does not receive feedback.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23933
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd44cd88360",
"name": "abstract/concrete judgment: bilingual",
"definition_text": "Task in which subjects are presented with words that are either abstract or concrete nouns, and decide for each term whether it is abstract or concrete.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23934
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd477ab5a11",
"name": "object n-back",
"definition_text": "An n-back task in which the stimuli are images of visual objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23935
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd47b8bab6b",
"name": "object one-back task",
"definition_text": "A one-back task in which the stimuli are images of visual objects",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23936
},
{
"id": "trm_4ebd482eba5b1",
"name": "word one-back task",
"definition_text": "A one-back task on which subjects are presented with words or word-like stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23937
},
{
"id": "trm_4f23fc8c42d28",
"name": "monetary incentive delay task",
"definition_text": "task in which subject makes a response within a time window and is potentially rewarded for the response depending on their reaction time",
"alias": "MID, monetary incentive delay (mid) task",
"ID(c)": 23938
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240cb09f8e5",
"name": "semantic decision task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a subject makes a decision about the meaning of a stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23939
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240d346320c",
"name": "covert naming task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects name a stimulus silently",
"alias": "covert production task",
"ID(c)": 23940
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240d7664628",
"name": "semantic relatedness task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects judge whether a set of stimuli are related by meaning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23941
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240e7f989f8",
"name": "auditory temporal discrimination task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject discriminates auditory stimuli based on temporal characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23942
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240edf92865",
"name": "mental imagery task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects create mental images",
"alias": "imagery task",
"ID(c)": 23943
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240f1c740da",
"name": "verbal fluency task",
"definition_text": "A test of the ability to verbally produce words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23944
},
{
"id": "trm_4f240fbdf1601",
"name": "word comprehension task",
"definition_text": "A task that measures the comprehension of word meaning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23945
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241001dfcee",
"name": "letter case judgment task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject decides whether letters are uppercase or lowercase.",
"alias": "case judgment task",
"ID(c)": 23946
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24108555294",
"name": "visually guided saccade task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects make visually guided eye movements.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23947
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24112057e90",
"name": "categorization task",
"definition_text": "Task in which a subject classifies stimuli into one of a set of categories",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23948
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241173868a3",
"name": "navigation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject navigates a spatial layout.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23949
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2411c91ae5e",
"name": "recall test",
"definition_text": "A test in which the subject is asked to produce a list of previously studied items.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23950
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24126c22011",
"name": "abstract/concrete task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects decide whether words are abstract or concrete.",
"alias": "abstract/concrete judgment",
"ID(c)": 23951
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2412d4c3b88",
"name": "semantic classification task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject classifies stimuli based on meaning; the detection and classification of semantic relationships between worlds",
"alias": "semantic categorization task",
"ID(c)": 23952
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241325579c6",
"name": "problem solving task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects must solve a conceptual problem.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23953
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24135453d65",
"name": "spelling task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are asked to spell words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23954
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2414059baa8",
"name": "instrumental learning task",
"definition_text": "A task in which a subject learns to respond through rewards.",
"alias": "instrumental conditioning task, operant task",
"ID(c)": 23955
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2414a1bab77",
"name": "phonetic discrimination task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject discriminates stimuli based on phonetic features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23956
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24154867d84",
"name": "logical reasoning task",
"definition_text": "Over 32 trials participants see a phrase (e.g. "A precedes B") and a letter sequence (e.g. "AB") and must evaluate the relationship as true or false.",
"alias": "Baddeley's logical reasoning task, Baddeley's grammatical transformation task",
"ID(c)": 23957
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241614d4a25",
"name": "attention switching task",
"definition_text": "A paradigm requiring subjects to switch between performing multiple different individual tasks. AST is a test of the participantâs ability to switch attention between the direction or location of an arrow on screen. This test is a sensitive measure of frontal lobe and âexecutiveâ dysfunction. The test begins with an arrow in the centre of the screen which points either to the left or to the right. The participant is introduced to two buttons, one on the left and one on the right, and is asked to press a button corresponding to the direction in which the arrow is pointing.\r\n\r\nAfter this initial training, the participant is then told that the arrow might appear on the left or the right side of the screen, and depending on the cue given at the top of the screen, the participant must either press the left or right button to indicate on which side of the screen the arrow is displayed, or else press the left or right button to correspond with the direction in which the arrow is pointing.",
"alias": "(AST), switching task",
"ID(c)": 23958
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24179122380",
"name": "mental arithmetic task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject performs arithmetic computations without an external means of recording their work.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23959
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2417d4a63ae",
"name": "random number generation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject generates a series of random numbers.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23960
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24183fe80c6",
"name": "verb generation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with nouns and generate an associated verb.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23961
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24189031a4a",
"name": "cyberball task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects view a set of balls interacting in game. At some point one of the balls is excluded from the game, simulating social exclusion.",
"alias": "cyberball social exclusion task",
"ID(c)": 23962
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24194bce29f",
"name": "conjunction search task",
"definition_text": "A task that requires the subject to search for a stimulus defined by a combination of visual features.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23963
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2419c4a1646",
"name": "multisource interference task",
"definition_text": "a task in which the subject must resolve multiple sources of interference",
"alias": "MSIT",
"ID(c)": 23964
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241ab50513b",
"name": "mentalizing task",
"definition_text": "a task in which the participant is asked to reï¬ect on their own and other people's thoughts and feelings and the causes thereof, often by describing characters in stories or placing themselves in characters' places",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23965
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2ac1cd035",
"name": "copying task",
"definition_text": "patients/participants copy pictures or geometric objects",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23966
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241b50caaf7",
"name": "semantic task",
"definition_text": "Any task that requires subjects to process the meaning of stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23967
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241b751c5a0",
"name": "phonological task",
"definition_text": "Any task that requires the subject to process the sound structure of words.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23968
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241bd52b509",
"name": "semantic fluency task",
"definition_text": "participants generate words to a given category (e.g. animals, foods)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23969
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241be43458e",
"name": "phonemic fluency task",
"definition_text": "participants are to name as many words starting with a specified letter as possible in a given time interval",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23970
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241c0737cc0",
"name": "semantic memory task",
"definition_text": "A task requiring the subject to use knowledge retrieved from semantic memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23971
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241c735e7f6",
"name": "serial reaction time task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "SRT, serial response time task, SRTT",
"ID(c)": 23972
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241c8d4a75c",
"name": "gender discrimination task",
"definition_text": "participant is shown series of photos either of people in portraits or in scenes and asked to determine their gender",
"alias": "gender judgment task, gender decision task",
"ID(c)": 23973
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241d7adf14e",
"name": "global-local task",
"definition_text": "participants view a stimulus composed of a large character (global) composed of smaller characters (local), e.g. a large "T" formed by an assembly of smaller letters",
"alias": "Navon figure task, Navon letters task",
"ID(c)": 23974
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241e8a01052",
"name": "sentence-picture matching task",
"definition_text": "participants listen to a sentence and must select from several images the one that correspond to the sentence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23975
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241ee9c4e37",
"name": "word-picture matching task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "picture-word matching task",
"ID(c)": 23976
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241fb95918f",
"name": "recency judgment task",
"definition_text": "participants are presented with two lists of words, then (after a brief reasoning test) tested to recall whether a given word had appeared on the first or the second list presented",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23977
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241fd47f16b",
"name": "passive avoidance task",
"definition_text": "in animal models, aversion to an avoidable part of an apparatus is conditioned, and the animal is later tested for whether it will enter this area.",
"alias": "inactive avoidance task",
"ID(c)": 23978
},
{
"id": "trm_4f241fe40a950",
"name": "fame judgment task",
"definition_text": "participants are exposed to a list composed of famous and nonfamous names and then tested for recollection of which names are famous",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23979
},
{
"id": "trm_4f242042e5805",
"name": "Cambridge risk task",
"definition_text": "participant predicts which of two mutually exclusive outcomes will occur, but critically, the larger reward (and penalty) is associated with choice of the least likely outcome, whereas the smallest reward (and penalty) is associated with choice of the most likely outcome",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23980
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2420b042165",
"name": "reappraisal task",
"definition_text": "participants regulate their emotional states using cognitive strategies",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23981
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24211a03b07",
"name": "Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "RAPM",
"ID(c)": 23982
},
{
"id": "trm_4f242172aea5d",
"name": "updating task",
"definition_text": "participants are presented with lists of X items and be required to recall the N most recent; this means that the participant must hold in memory the first N items and, if X > N, update the contents of memory by dropping initial for most recent items",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23983
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2421a62cdf8",
"name": "face working memory task",
"definition_text": "a brief presentation of a face is followed by a delay during which participants are instructed to keep an image of the face in mind, followed by a test face they indicate to match or not to match the initial face",
"alias": "face wm task",
"ID(c)": 23984
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2421c391b83",
"name": "object working memory task",
"definition_text": "participants view a sequence of simple objects and after a short delay are instructed to name them in either a forward or backward sequence",
"alias": "object wm task",
"ID(c)": 23985
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24226fa2903",
"name": "Fitts task",
"definition_text": "any task requiring a rapid, aimed movement to acquire a target, the time of which is measured and, according to Fitts' law, is generally inversely proportionate to distance required and target size",
"alias": "Fitts' task, Fitts tapping task",
"ID(c)": 23986
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24237f2ed47",
"name": "general knowledge task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to either assess a statement (e.g. "Doctors go through extensive training,") or provide simple answers to questions (e.g. "What color are emeralds?" about the world",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23987
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24239cc239e",
"name": "short-term memory task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "STM task",
"ID(c)": 23988
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24247912761",
"name": "face matching task",
"definition_text": "subjects view a reference face and must either simply compare two faces or select one of two differently-oriented comparison faces (e.g. reference face looks straight ahead while comparison face is a three-quarter view) that match it",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23989
},
{
"id": "trm_4f242499b8952",
"name": "target detection task",
"definition_text": "Refers broadly to a kind of task in which participants are to react to a target stimulus among distractor stimuli. Target detection tasks in the absence of competition are considered measures of sustained attention and not selective or divided attention, which are subsumed under cognitive control",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23990
},
{
"id": "trm_5542841f3dcd5",
"name": "color-word stroop with task switching",
"definition_text": "This is a modified Stroop task (Gauthier et al., 2012) that consists of two 60- second blocks each of control and Stroop conditions, interspersed with 60-second rest blocks. In total, there are 4 task and 5 resting blocks, for a total acquisition length of 9 minutes. During task blocks, control or Stroop events always lasts 2.5 seconds, preceded by 1.5 seconds with a fixation cross to maintain a constant gaze direction. For full details, see http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197458012005684",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23991
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24250e0137e",
"name": "orthographic task",
"definition_text": "A task that requires processing of letter structure",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23992
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24258b51e2c",
"name": "living-nonliving task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown pictures of nameable things and must indicate as quickly as possible whether each is living or nonliving",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23993
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24479b0db8f",
"name": "phoneme detection task",
"definition_text": "participants listen to a pseudowords and after a delay are asked whether they contained specific phonemes",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23994
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2447dfa5947",
"name": "stop-change task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject makes a discriminative response by default, but makes a different response upon presentation of a stop signal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23995
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2447fe67fb9",
"name": "visual search task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23996
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244860c702c",
"name": "prospective memory task",
"definition_text": "participants are given goals either time-based (e.g. remembering to press a key every two minutes) or event-based (e.g. remembering to press a key when a given word appears on the screen)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23997
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2448d02d4d9",
"name": "object naming task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown a series of objects, sometimes as photos or as line drawings, typically selected for their commonality by previous experiments and/or articles",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 23998
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24492504ca0",
"name": "contextual cueing task",
"definition_text": "participants perform visual search for targets among distractor stimuli in invariant or variable conï¬gurations randomly mixed within trials; because targets appear in the same locations within invariant configurations, these configurations function as a context cueing the participant.",
"alias": "contextual cuing task",
"ID(c)": 23999
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24496a80587",
"name": "gambling task",
"definition_text": "A class of tasks in which subjects make decisions about chance gambles.",
"alias": "gamble task",
"ID(c)": 24000
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2449bdcb0b1",
"name": "Wason card selection task",
"definition_text": "a logic puzzle in which participants must decide which cards are consistent with selection criteria",
"alias": "Wason card task, Wason task, selection task",
"ID(c)": 24001
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244a453522b",
"name": "syntactic task",
"definition_text": "A class of tasks involving the processing of linguistic syntax.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24002
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244a67d5b17",
"name": "mirror tracing task",
"definition_text": "participant is to draw a specified pattern while only seeing their hand from a mirrored perspective",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24003
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244a88013ae",
"name": "artificial grammar learning task",
"definition_text": "participant is presented with a series of letter strings constructed according to an artificial and finite set of rules, after which the participant must determine whether new strings follow or violate the grammar established by the first series.",
"alias": "AGL",
"ID(c)": 24004
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244ad7dcde7",
"name": "dot motion task",
"definition_text": "participants view an array of dots of which some proportion is moving in a particular direction and the rest are moving in another.",
"alias": "dot-motion task, moving-dot task, RDM task, random-dot motion task",
"ID(c)": 24005
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244c1f6b53f",
"name": "color naming task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24006
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244d2a54e27",
"name": "autobiographical memory task",
"definition_text": "in a semi-structured interview a participant is asked to recall recent events (within one week, within one month) in his or her own life, and this recollection is compared with report(s) from a "collateral source," a person close to the participant",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24007
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244d64e45bc",
"name": "negative priming task",
"definition_text": "The participant selects a target in the presence of one or more distractors; the negative priming arises between consecutive trials, in which the participant must respond to a target on the current trial that had appeared as a distractor on the previous trial.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24008
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244f0286947",
"name": "analogical reasoning task",
"definition_text": "any task investigating participant ability to find correspondences between structures of distinct mental representations",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24009
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244f46ebf58",
"name": "",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24010
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244f997615c",
"name": "bimanual coordination task",
"definition_text": "participants are instructed to move their arms and/or hands according to a novel spatiotemporal relationship",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24011
},
{
"id": "trm_4f244fee7d195",
"name": "multi-attribute decision making task",
"definition_text": "participant is asked to make decisions with several criteria in mind, e.g. to decide whether to purchase a car while considering its cost, image, efficiency, comfort, etc.",
"alias": "MADM",
"ID(c)": 24012
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2452adb7d23",
"name": "odd-even task",
"definition_text": "participant is presented with a digit and instructed to assess whether it is odd or even",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24013
},
{
"id": "trm_4f245326e2eaf",
"name": "biological motion task",
"definition_text": "participant views stimuli composed of objects like points of light moving in several patterns to detect which of these correspond to biological motion",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24014
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2453b806fe1",
"name": "spatial working memory task",
"definition_text": "refers broadly to a paradigm in which the participant's working memory for spatial characteristics of stimuli is tested, such as the SWM in the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). SWM is a test of the participantâs ability to retain spatial information and to manipulate remembered items in working memory. It is a self-ordered task, which also assesses heuristic strategy. This test is a sensitive measure of frontal lobe and âexecutiveâ dysfunction. It has been shown in recent studies that impaired performance on SWM emerges as a common factor in prepsychosis. The test begins with a number of coloured squares (boxes) being shown on the screen. The aim of this test is that, by touching the boxes and using a process of elimination, the participant should find one blue âtokenâ in each of a number of boxes and use them to fill up an empty column on the right hand side of the screen. The number of boxes is gradually increased, until it is necessary to search a total of eight boxes. The colour and position of the boxes used are changed from trial to trial to discourage the use of stereotyped search strategies.",
"alias": "(SWM)",
"ID(c)": 24015
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2453ce33f16",
"name": "social judgment task",
"definition_text": "broadly describing many disparate subtasks, a social judgment task typically describes one in which participants are asked to decide what other people are thinking or would think, or to interpret their behavior",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24016
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2454dfca337",
"name": "relational reasoning task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24017
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24550fc5f38",
"name": "prototype distortion task",
"definition_text": "participant is trained to categorize high and low distortions of a dot array prototype, and are then tested for recognition when shown the prototype, its distortions, and random arrays",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24018
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2456027809f",
"name": "false belief task",
"definition_text": ""The âstandard versionâ of the false belief task presents the child with a character, Sally, who leaves a desirable object such as a chocolate in her basket, before departing the scene. In her absence, another character, Anne, removes the object and places it in a box. Children are asked to predict, on Sally's return to the room, where Sally will look for the object (or, sometimes, where she thinks the object is). Four-year-olds tend to succeed at this task â correctly attributing a false belief to Sally, saying that she will look for the object in the basket â while younger children tend to fail."",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24019
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2456932f11b",
"name": "shadowing task",
"definition_text": "participants are to repeat target words as quickly as possible under various conditions, and when primed, after a brief interval",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24020
},
{
"id": "trm_4f24572cb42e4",
"name": "parity judgment task",
"definition_text": "Participants must judge whether two numbers, either Arabic or verbal (as words), are equal.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24021
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2457454e458",
"name": "numerosity estimation task",
"definition_text": "participants estimate number of targets",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24022
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2457a8b0bc8",
"name": "verbal working memory task",
"definition_text": "A class of tasks involving the online maintenance and/or manipulation of verbal information. The Verbal Recognition Memory test, which assesses immediate and delayed memory of verbal information under free recall and forced choice recognition conditions, should provide comparable results. In the VRM test, the participant is shown a list of 12 words, one at a time, and then asked to:\r\n1)produce as many of the words as possible immediately following the presentation.\r\n2)recognize the words they have seen before from a list of 24 words containing the original 12 words and 12 distractors.\r\n3)following a delay of 20 minutes, recognize the words they have seen before from another list of 24 words containing the original list and 12 new distractors.",
"alias": "(VRM), Verbal Recognition Memory",
"ID(c)": 24023
},
{
"id": "trm_4f2457d94fd93",
"name": "memory guided saccade task",
"definition_text": "participants fixate on a cross in the center of a screen while a visual cue appears elsewhere on screen; they are instructed that once the fixation cross disappears, they are to direct a saccade to the place where the cue had been",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24024
},
{
"id": "trm_50f72fafa53ec",
"name": "big/little circle",
"definition_text": "The Big/Little Circle test assesses comprehension, learning and reversal. It is also intended to train participants in the general idea of following and reversing a rule, before proceeding to the Intra/Extradimensional Shift test (IED), so should ideally precede the IED task in a battery. Participants must first touch the smaller of the two circles displayed, then, after 20 trials, touch the larger circle for 20 further trials.",
"alias": "(BLC)",
"ID(c)": 24025
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2d71adf87",
"name": "minimal feature match task ",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to select a picture that is the same as the original picture, but the saliency of the objectâs most distinctive feature is reduced",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24026
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2dc0273d9",
"name": "foreshortened view task",
"definition_text": "participants are asked to select a picture that is the same as the original picture, but the object's principle axis is foreshortened",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24027
},
{
"id": "trm_4fbd2e5614028",
"name": "drawing from memory task",
"definition_text": "participants draw images varying in complexity from simple shapes to complex objects like faces",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24028
},
{
"id": "trm_50b65ef129e23",
"name": "Partial Report Procedure",
"definition_text": "Participants are given several sets of characters or stimuli to respond to. In Sperling's version of the task, participants are cued to recall just one subset. Due to the fact that participants did not know which row would be cued for recall, performance in the partial report condition can be regarded as a random sample of an observer's memory for the entire display. Another version involves participants responding by pressing a button when they see only a certain stimulus out of a set appear.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24029
},
{
"id": "trm_50b6660b1b847",
"name": "Implicit Association Task",
"definition_text": "A task designed to measure automatic associations, particularly those which are often affected by social desirability bias in self-report measures. They test the association of positive and negative words or images with certain concepts such as race, gender, religion, self-esteem, and sexuality. Respondents to the IAT experience a higher (conscious, controlled, explicit, reflective, analytic, rational, etc.) level of mental operation, when they try to overcome the effects of the automatic associations, and thus a longer response time when they answer counter to their implicit associations.",
"alias": "IAT",
"ID(c)": 24030
},
{
"id": "trm_50f733d7305a1",
"name": "Spatial Recognition Memory",
"definition_text": "This is a test of visual spatial recognition memory in a 2-choice forced discrimination paradigm. This test is often used, in conjunction with Pattern Recognition Memory (PRM) , before the Paired Associates Learning (PAL) test, as both these tests help to train the participant for PAL. PRM and SRM contain different elements of PAL and the results considered together help to decide on the exact nature of the cognitive deficit being considered. The participant is presented with a white square, which appears in sequence at five different locations on the screen. In the recognition phase, the participant sees a series of five pairs of squares, one of which is in a place previously seen in the presentation phase. The other square is in a location not seen in the presentation phase. As with the PRM test, locations are tested in the reverse of the presentation order. This sub-test is repeated three more times, each time with five new locations",
"alias": "(SRM)",
"ID(c)": 24031
},
{
"id": "trm_5023ef8eab626",
"name": "delay conditioning",
"definition_text": "a subtype of classical conditioning in which the conditional stimulus (CS) is presented and, during this presentation, a biologically relevant unconditional stimulus (US) is also presented. Afterward the subject is tested for its reaction to the CS in isolation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24032
},
{
"id": "trm_50240427b4c1b",
"name": "counterconditioning",
"definition_text": "a CS already paired with a particular US is associated with a second US that is often incompatible with the first US",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24033
},
{
"id": "trm_50240f06af135",
"name": "operant task",
"definition_text": "participant learns to associate a particular outcome with a particular effort and characteristics thereof (e.g. frequency, strength)",
"alias": "instrumental learning task, instrumental conditioning task",
"ID(c)": 24034
},
{
"id": "trm_502420a682976",
"name": "NPU-threat test",
"definition_text": "participants are variably exposed to aversive stimuli and cues thereof while being monitored for their behavioral and physiological responses",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24035
},
{
"id": "trm_502985b4baaed",
"name": "psychophysics task",
"definition_text": "stimuli within and/or across modalities are presented to participants, who are then to detect and/or estimate their presence or magnitude",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24036
},
{
"id": "trm_502abd109f255",
"name": "ambiguous figure task",
"definition_text": "a kind of psychophysical task, participants view a stimulus that can be perceived as oriented and/or moving in more than one way",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24037
},
{
"id": "trm_502ad907e3299",
"name": "apparent verticality judgment",
"definition_text": "participants make judgments of their verticality after holding specific body orientations for some duration",
"alias": "AV task",
"ID(c)": 24038
},
{
"id": "trm_502be67697201",
"name": "contrast detection task",
"definition_text": "a psychophysical task in which participants are to discriminate between a nonzero low-contrast stimulus and a blank",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24039
},
{
"id": "trm_50b66c50ca2ac",
"name": "Symbol Counter Task",
"definition_text": "Participants observe a stimulus sequence comprising triangles and rectangles, keeping two counts, one for the triangles and one for the rectangles. Once each stimulus appears, participants update the appropriate mental count and then press a key to proceed to the next trial. Garavanâs central ï¬nding was that the reaction times signaled by the key press were longer when the incremented counter was different from the counter incremented on the previous trial (a switch trial) than when the same counter was incremented again (a no-switch trial). Garavan interpreted this switchâno-switch reaction time (RT) difference (the ââswitching effectââ) as an index of the time required to switch attention\r\nfrom one internal counter to another, suggesting that the internal focus of attention was limited in capacity. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24040
},
{
"id": "trm_5090b32d6b376",
"name": "facial recognition task",
"definition_text": "participants are shown faces expressing various emotions and asked to describe what emotion they believe is being expressed, sometimes also in conjunction with physiological (including neurophysiological) measures",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24041
},
{
"id": "trm_50c0f3e6c596e",
"name": "Time Wall",
"definition_text": "a small object moving at constant velocity passes behind an opaque barrier. The task is to estimate the moment when the object will reappear. It differs from a number of other time-estimate tasks in that discrete mediating responses such as counting or taping are of no direct obvious aid.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24042
},
{
"id": "trm_5181f83b77fa4",
"name": "stop signal task with letter naming",
"definition_text": "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24043
},
{
"id": "trm_50df0d8dc717b",
"name": "attention bias",
"definition_text": "Attention bias refers to the tendency for an emotional stimulus to influence attention. The term is most typically used to refer to biases related to emotional content, typically in bottom-up-capture attention tasks. ",
"alias": "dot-probe",
"ID(c)": 24044
},
{
"id": "trm_50df0dd9d0b6f",
"name": "Incidental encoding task",
"definition_text": "A task in which the subject is creating new memories without purposely knowing that memorization is the task at hand. Their memories are created thorough working in their environment and picking up information in the process. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24045
},
{
"id": "trm_50df1c0d946b8",
"name": "Space Fortress",
"definition_text": "The Space Fortress videogame is used as a platform for investigating skill learning. The game was originally developed by cognitive psychologists at the University of Illinois, as a tool to study learning and training strategies. Notably, it is one of the few cognitive training tools that has shown transfer of training to real-world performance. Flight students that trained on Space Fortress performed better on a battery of real-world flight tests, and were more likely to be selected to pursue pilot training compared to a no-training control group. Studies have also found that learning Space Fortress with a strategy that involves flexibly shifting attention to different aspects of the game results in improved learning. Thus, the Space Fortress game serves as a great tool for studying how the brain acquires new, complex skills, and how the trained ability can extend to new contexts. (http://fcon_1000.projects.nitrc.org/indi/retro/Train-39.html)\r\n\r\nAnother version of the task involved performing an oddball task while simultaneouly playing Space Fortress.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24046
},
{
"id": "trm_50df1dd534ff2",
"name": "Space Fortress with Oddball",
"definition_text": "Playing Space Fortress while simultaneously performing an oddball task.",
"alias": "Space Fortress + Oddball",
"ID(c)": 24047
},
{
"id": "trm_50f734f86b11a",
"name": "Emotion Recognition Task",
"definition_text": "ERT measures the ability to identify emotions in facial expressions. The participant is shown a series of faces which appear on the screen briefly and asked to identify the emotion (happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise and fear). One hundred and eighty stimuli, which are computer morphed images derived from the facial features of real individuals each showing a specific emotion, are displayed on the screen, one at a time, in two blocks of ninety. Each face is displayed for a short while (200ms) and then immediately covered up, and then six buttons are displayed, each describing an emotion which could be portrayed in the photograph. The participant must decide which is the appropriate button to describe the emotion and touch the button. There are fifteen different photographs for each of the six emotions, each showing different levels of intensity.",
"alias": "(ERT)",
"ID(c)": 24048
},
{
"id": "trm_50f7370ace495",
"name": "Visual Analogue Scales",
"definition_text": "Visual Analogue Scales are psychometric response scales which can be used as a measurement instrument for subjective states. The CANTAB VAS assess subjective measurements of drug effect, energy levels, sickness, alertness and mood. The participant must respond to sixteen questions as they appear on the screen by touching the on-screen slider and moving it to the appropriate position on the scale.",
"alias": "(VAS)",
"ID(c)": 24049
},
{
"id": "trm_50f73d557c967",
"name": "Information Sampling Task",
"definition_text": "The Information Sampling Task (IST) tests impulsivity and decision making. The participant is presented with a 5x5 array of grey boxes on the screen, and two larger coloured panels below these boxes. The participant is instructed that they are playing a game for points, which they can win by making a correct decision about which colour is in the majority under the grey boxes. They must touch the grey boxes one at a time, which open up to reveal one of the two colours shown at the bottom of the screen. Once a box has been touched, it remains open. When the participant has made their decision about which colour is in the majority, they must touch the panel of that colour at the bottom of the screen to indicate their choice. After the participant has indicated their choice, all the remaining grey boxes on the screen reveal their colours and a message is displayed to inform the participant whether or not they were correct. The colours change from trial to trial. At the end of a trial the grey boxes are displayed on the screen again at a speed which depends on how fast the trial was completed, so that there is always at least 30 seconds between trials.\r\n\r\nThere are two conditions â the fixed win condition, in which the subject is awarded 100 points for a correct decision regardless of the number of boxes opened, and the decreasing win condition, in which the number of points that can be won for a correct decision starts at 250 and decreases by 10 points for every box touched. In either condition, an incorrect decision costs 100 points.",
"alias": "(IST)",
"ID(c)": 24050
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb0a01bfd05",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Words-in Noise Test",
"definition_text": "This test was developed by Dr. Richard Wilson to measure a personâs ability to recognize single words presented amid varying levels of background noise. It measures how much difficulty a person might have hearing in a noisy environment. A recorded voice instructs the participant to listen to and then repeat words. The task becomes increasingly difficult as the background noise gets louder. The best score that can be attained (35 correct) for either ear is -2.0 dB S/N, and the worst score (0 correct) is 26.0 dB S/N. Lower scores, therefore, are indicative of better performance on this test.",
"alias": "WIN",
"ID(c)": 24051
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb0dc6668e1",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "This measure of receptive vocabulary is administered in a computerized adaptive format. That is, the next question a participant receives depends on his/her response to the previous question; Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) ensures a test that is tailored to the participantâs needs. The respondent is presented with an audio recording of a word and four photographic images on the computer screen and is asked to select the picture that most closely matches the meaning of the word. ",
"alias": "TPVT",
"ID(c)": 24052
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb115b6c476",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Dimensional Change Card Sort Test",
"definition_text": "DCCS is a measure of cognitive flexibility. Two target pictures are presented that vary along two dimensions (e.g., shape and color). Participants are asked to match a series of bivalent test pictures \r\n(e.g., yellow balls and blue trucks) to the target pictures, first according to one dimension (e.g., color) and then, after a number of trials, according to the other dimension (e.g., shape). âSwitchâ trials are also employed, in which the participant must change the dimension being matched. For example, after four straight trials matching on shape, the participant may be asked to match on color on the next trial and then go back to shape, thus requiring the cognitive flexibility to quickly choose the correct stimulus.",
"alias": "DCCS",
"ID(c)": 24053
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb17385e9a6",
"name": "NIH Toolbox List Sorting Working Memory Test",
"definition_text": "The List Sorting test requires immediate recall and sequencing of different visually and orally presented stimuli. Pictures of different foods and animals are displayed with accompanying audio recording and written text (e.g., âelephantâ), and the participant is asked to say the items back in size order from smallest to largest, first within a single dimension (either animals or foods, called 1-List) and then on two dimensions (foods, then animals, called 2-List).",
"alias": "List Sorting",
"ID(c)": 24054
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb3b2d1de11",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Oral Reading Recognition Test",
"definition_text": " Separate but parallel reading tests have been developed in English and Spanish. In either language, the participant is asked to read and pronounce letters and words as accurately as possible. The test administrator scores them as right or wrong. For the youngest children, the initial items require them to identify letters (as opposed to symbols) and to identify a specific letter in an array of four symbols.",
"alias": "oral reading",
"ID(c)": 24055
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb461d446e1",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Oral Symbol Digit Test",
"definition_text": "In this test, a coding key with nine abstract symbols is presented â each paired with a number between 1 and 9. Participants are asked to orally indicate which numbers go with symbols that are presented in a long string on the computer screen. The participant is given 120 seconds to call out as many numbers that go with the corresponding symbols as he/she can â without skipping any. This test is administered to ages 8-85 and takes approximately three minutes. The Oral Symbol Digit Test is a measure of processing speed. It can be administered as an accommodation in place of the Pattern Comparison processing Speed Test for those with significant motor limitations in the upper extremities.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24056
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb4d3d96ff8",
"name": "NIH Toolbox 9-Hole Pegboard Dexterity Test",
"definition_text": "This simple test of manual dexterity records the time required for the participant to accurately place and remove nine plastic pegs into a plastic pegboard. The protocol includes one practice and one timed trial with each hand. Raw scores are recorded as time in seconds it takes the participant to complete the task with each hand (separate score for each).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24057
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb51c2cd9fe",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Grip Strength Test",
"definition_text": "This protocol is adapted from the grip strength testing protocol of the American Society of Hand Therapy. Participants are seated in a chair with their feet touching the ground. With the elbow bent to 90 degrees and the arm against the trunk, wrist at neutral, participants squeeze the Jamar Plus Digital dynamometer as hard as they can for a count of three. The dynamometer provides a digital reading of force in pounds. A practice trial at less than full force and one test trial are completed with each hand.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24058
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb54d78841b",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Standing Balance Test",
"definition_text": "The Standing Balance Test is a measure developed to assess static standing balance. It involves the participant assuming and maintaining up to five poses for 50 seconds each. The sequence of poses is: eyes open on a solid surface, eyes closed on a solid surface, eyes open on a 18 foam surface, eyes closed on a foam surface, eyes open in tandem stance on a solid surface. Detailed stopping rules are in place to ensure participant safety with these progressively demanding poses. Postural sway is recorded for each pose using an accelerometer that the participant wears at waist level.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24059
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb585f62f24",
"name": "NIH Toolbox 4-Meter Walk Gait Speed Test ",
"definition_text": "This test is adapted from the 4-meter walk test in the Short Physical Performance Battery. Participants are asked to walk a short distance (four meters) at their usual pace. Participants complete one practice and then two timed trials. Raw scores are recorded as the time in seconds required to walk 4 meters on each of the two trials, with the better trial used for scoring. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24060
},
{
"id": "trm_50eb69a57bc96",
"name": "NIH Toolbox 2-Minute Walk Endurance Test",
"definition_text": "This test is adapted from the American Thoracic Societyâs 6-Minute Walk Test Protocol. This test measures sub-maximal cardiovascular endurance by recording the distance that the participant is able to walk on a 50-foot (out and back) course in two minutes. The participantâs raw score is the distance in feet and inches walked in two minutes.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24061
},
{
"id": "trm_50f374718a91c",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Hearing Threshold Test",
"definition_text": "This automated audiometric test measures hearing thresholds at six different frequencies, separately in the left and right ears. The frequencies presented are: .5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 kHz. On each trial, the participantâs task is to detect whether a pure tone was presented via headphones by answering yes (tone heard) or no (tone not heard). Catch trials are administered to detect false-alarm responses (cases where the participant says âyesâ when no tone was presented).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24062
},
{
"id": "trm_50f37767e2958",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Hearing Handicap Inventory",
"definition_text": "This is the screening version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory; different versions are presented for adults (ages 18-64) and the elderly (ages 65+). Both versions are 10-item self-report measures of hearing-related disability that have been widely used in hearing research. Each of the ten items has three response options. Each item has three response options, assigned point values of 0, 2 or 4, with higher scores indicative of more of a self-reported problem for each item. The score provided for the test is thus a total summed score, ranging from 0-40.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24063
},
{
"id": "trm_50f379c6c9ea9",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Taste Intensity Test",
"definition_text": "This test measures the perceived intensity of quinine (a bitter tastant) and salt administered in liquid solutions. The tastants are each applied to the tip of the tongue as well as swished around in the whole mouth and are rated on a generalized labeled magnitude scale (gLMS). The gLMS is a measure of perceived intensity, with seven anchor labels provided (Strongest imaginable, Very strong, Strong, Moderate, Weak, Barely detectable, No sensation). Participants can rate their intensity by clicking with a computer mouse on any point on the scale from Strongest imaginable to No sensation. The computer records the exact location of the response. A score from 0-100 on a semi-logarithmic scale is produced for each of the four items (quinine whole mouth, salt whole mouth, quinine tip of tongue, salt tip of tongue), corresponding to the point on the gLMS where the participant clicked. A higher score represents greater perceived intensity of the tastant. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24064
},
{
"id": "trm_50f37caf81432",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test",
"definition_text": "This test directly measures participantsâ visual acuity or distance vision. The participant is seated 12.5 feet away from a computer monitor at eye level, and letters (called âoptotypesâ) are displayed one at a time on the screen for the participant to identify, using both eyes at the same time, with the participant wearing his/her normal corrective lenses for distance vision (glasses or contact lenses), if worn. As the participant successfully identifies optotypes of a given size, smaller ones appear on the screen, until the computer program ascertains the smallest-size optotype the participant can successfully see. Conversely, the program displays larger optotypes if the participant cannot see the size that is first displayed, until a size that he/she can accurately see is found. For participants ages 3-7, only the letters H, O, T and V are used, and children may point to a laminated card showing the letters if they cannot verbalize or recall the letter names. For participants ages 8 and above, the entire set of optotypes is used, following a common protocol used in professional vision testing. This is the standard binocular visual acuity measure scored in LogMAR units.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24065
},
{
"id": "trm_50f37f231aa4c",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Vision-Related Quality of Life Survey",
"definition_text": "This Toolbox Supplemental measure assesses an individualâs self-reported quality of life related to visual function in six different areas: color vision, distance vision, near vision, ocular symptoms, psycho-social and role performance. The participant responds to 53 questions, most of which start with, âHow much,â âTo what extent,â or âHow much of a problem,â choosing from a list of answer options ranging from âNot difficult at allâ to âVery difficult.â",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24066
},
{
"id": "trm_50f38098952cb",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Dynamic Visual Acuity Test",
"definition_text": "This test is a measure of gaze stability during head movement, which helps identify individuals who may have a deficit of the vestibular system (which regulates internal balance). First, the NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test must be administered, followed by the DVA Test. Participants are again seated 12.5 feet from a computer monitor at eye level. For the DVA Test, participants wear lightweight headgear that contains a rate sensor and are asked to move the head back and forth, as if indicating âno.â Once the head is measured to be moving at greater than 180 degrees per second by the rate sensor, an optotype flashes on the monitor, and the participant is asked to identify it. As with the Visual Acuity Test, only the letters H, O, T and V are used for ages 3-7, while ages 8+ use the entire letter set. Smaller optotypes are displayed as the participant correctly identifies letters, and larger ones are displayed if the participant cannot correctly identify the letter shown, until the computer has calculated the smallest size that the participant can see with the head moving. This is calculated separately for head rotation leftward and rightward from center (though the participant continues shaking the head both ways), and this performance is compared to the participantâs visual acuity when the head was stationary (the NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test score, sometimes referred to as âstaticâ visual acuity in the context of the DVA test). The difference between static and dynamic visual acuity represents the vestibular contribution to gaze stability. DVA scoring, as with visual acuity, is based in LogMAR units",
"alias": "DVA",
"ID(c)": 24067
},
{
"id": "trm_50f383e76e03b",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Odor Identification Test",
"definition_text": "This task assesses a personâs ability to identify various odors. Participants use scratch-andsniff cards and after scratching them one at a time, are asked to identify which of four pictures on the computer screen matches the odor they have just smelled. Participants ages 10-85 are administered nine odor cards, while those ages 3-9 are administered five odor cards. Child participants (ages 3-9 years) are first asked to identify the eight pictures used as answer choices to ensure they can complete the task. Having identified the pictures, they are asked if they have tasted or smelled the objects or foods depicted.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24068
},
{
"id": "trm_50f385a8269ce",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Pain Intensity Survey",
"definition_text": "This measure consists of a single item measuring immediate (i.e., acute) pain in adults. It asks a participant to rate level of pain experienced âover the last seven days.â The single item is simply scored on a 0-10 scale, with 0 representing no pain, and 10 representing the âworst imaginable pain.â",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24069
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3862422509",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Pain Interference Survey",
"definition_text": "This brief self-report scale measures the degree to which pain interferes with other activities in life in adults. Pain interference items were developed as part of the NIH PROMIS. Each item administered has a 5-point scale with options ranging from ânot at allâ to âvery muchâ on questions about how much pain interferes with aspects of oneâs life. The survey is scored using IRT methods.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24070
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3bc06cae36",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Positive Affect Survey",
"definition_text": "This self-report measure assesses both activated (i.e., happiness, joy) as well as unactivated (i.e., serenity, peace) aspects of positive affect. Affect is defined as "feelings that reflect a level of pleasurable engagement with the \r\nenvironment, such as happiness, joy, excitement, enthusiasm and contentment." Each item administered has a 5-point scale with options ranging from ânot at allâ to âvery much.â Each survey is scored using IRT methods.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24071
},
{
"id": "trm_50f3c003327c4",
"name": "NIH Toolbox General Life Satisfaction Survey",
"definition_text": "This self-report measure assesses global feelings and attitudes about one's life. A CAT is used for adults, a CAT version is used for ages 13-17, and a 5-item fixed-length form is used for ages 8-12, as well as for the parent-report version with ages 3-12. Items administered include those with both 5-point and 7-point scales, with options in each case ranging from âstrongly disagreeâ to âstrongly agree.â The self-report surveys are scored using IRT methods, whereas the parent-report version is scored as a raw sum.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24072
},
{
"id": "trm_50f5822624e53",
"name": "articulatory suppression task",
"definition_text": "A short-term memory task in which the subject must produce irrelevant speech while maintaining information in memory.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24073
},
{
"id": "trm_50f5bfef58abb",
"name": "NIH Toolbox Meaning and Purpose Survey",
"definition_text": "This is a self-report measure administered only to ages 18-85 as a CAT. In addition, a fixed-length self-report form is available for ages 18-85 as a supplemental measure. Items administered use a 5-point scale, with options ranging from âstrongly disagreeâ to âstrongly agree,â or from ânot at allâ to âvery much.â The survey is scored using IRT methods.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24074
},
{
"id": "trm_50f741a965470",
"name": "Graded Naming Test",
"definition_text": "The Graded Naming Test, developed by Professor Elizabeth Warrington and Dr Pat McKenna in 1980 , has been used extensively in cognitive neuropsychology. The Graded Naming Test (GNT) avoids the problem of ceiling effects in previous naming tests by having subjects name drawings of objects in ascending difficulty. Reduced efficiency in retrieving the name of an object can be the first and only indication of impaired language functioning. This test assesses object-naming ability, but is in addition graded in difficulty to allow for individual differences. This means that it may be able to detect any word-finding difficulty even in those with an extensive naming vocabulary. Currently available in UK English only (this test is culturally biased and there are no alternative versions at present).",
"alias": "(GNT)",
"ID(c)": 24075
},
{
"id": "trm_50f84bbdcfa4e",
"name": "One Touch Stockings of Cambridge",
"definition_text": "One Touch Stockings of Cambridge is a spatial planning task which gives a measure of frontal lobe function. OTS is a variant of the Stockings of Cambridge task and places greater demands on working memory as the participant has to visualise the solution. As for SOC (Stockings of Cambridge), the participant is shown two displays containing three coloured balls. The displays are presented in such a way that they can easily be perceived as stacks of coloured balls held in stockings or socks suspended from a beam. This arrangement makes the 3-D concepts involved apparent to the participant, and fits with the verbal instructions.\r\n\r\nThere is a row of numbered boxes along the bottom of the screen. The test administrator first demonstrates to the participant how to use the balls in the lower display to copy the pattern in the upper display, and completes one demonstration problem, where the solution requires one move. The participant must then complete three further problems, one each of 2 moves, 3 moves and 4 moves.\r\n\r\nNext the participant is shown further problems, and must work out in their head how many moves the solutions to these problems require, then touch the appropriate box at the bottom of the screen to indicate their response.",
"alias": "(OTS)",
"ID(c)": 24076
},
{
"id": "trm_50f84e8ab7af8",
"name": "Reaction Time",
"definition_text": "Reaction Time (RTI) is a latency task with a comparative history (the five choice task) and uses a procedure to separate response latency from movement time. It is more useful than CRT or SRT where it is necessary to control for tremor. The task is divided into five stages, which require increasingly complex chains of responses. In each case, the participant must react as soon as a yellow dot appears. In some stages the dot may appear in one of five locations, and the participant must sometimes respond by using the press-pad, sometimes by touching the screen, and sometimes both.",
"alias": "(RTI)",
"ID(c)": 24077
},
{
"id": "trm_50f8516279419",
"name": "Rapid Visual Information Processing",
"definition_text": "Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVP) is a test of sustained attention (similar to the Continuous Performance Task) and has proved useful in many studies in which drugs are used to help develop a disease model.. It is sensitive to dysfunction in the parietal and frontal lobe areas of the brain and is also a sensitive measure of general performance. A white box appears in the centre of the computer screen, inside which digits, from 2 to 9, appear in a pseudo-random order, at the rate of 100 digits per minute. Participants are requested to detect target sequences of digits (for example, 2-4-6, 3-5-7, 4-6-8) and to register responses using the press pad.",
"alias": "(RVP)",
"ID(c)": 24078
},
{
"id": "trm_50f852c084fde",
"name": "match to sample visual search",
"definition_text": "Match to Sample Visual Search (MTS) is a matching test, with a speed/accuracy trade-off. It is a simultaneous visual search task with response latency dissociated from movement time. Efficient performance on this task requires the ability to search among the targets and ignore the distractor patterns which have elements in common with the target. This test can help to differentiate between Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, and also between Lewy Body dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The participant is shown a complex visual pattern (the sample) in the middle of the screen, and then, after a brief delay, a varying number of similar patterns is shown in a circle of boxes around the edge of the screen. Only one of these boxes matches the pattern in the centre of the screen, and the participant must indicate which it is by touching it. Reaction time is measured on the basis of the release of the press-pad, which allows for its more accurate measurement.",
"alias": "(MTS)",
"ID(c)": 24079
},
{
"id": "trm_50f9952c2311a",
"name": "Penn Conditional Exclusion Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of abstraction and concept formation by hypothesis testing, where the principle shifts after its discovery is established.. Subjects decide which of 4 objects does not belong with the other 3 based on one of three sorting principles (e.g., shape, size, line thickness). Sorting principles change after 10 successive correct responses, and feedback is used to guide discovery of the principle and indicate its change. There are 4 alternate forms available. An accuracy score is calculated by multiplying the proportion of correct responses by the number of categories attained (out of 3 possible).",
"alias": "(PCET)",
"ID(c)": 24080
},
{
"id": "trm_50f998dcbfcc8",
"name": "Penn Word Memory Test",
"definition_text": "The Penn Word Memory Test presents 20 target words that are then mixed with 20 distractors equated for frequency, length, concreteness and low imageability. The participantâs score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils. Median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. A 20 min delayed recall procedure is also administered.",
"alias": "(PWMT)",
"ID(c)": 24081
},
{
"id": "trm_50f99e56117fe",
"name": "Penn Face Memory Test",
"definition_text": "presents 20 digitized faces that are then mixed with 20 distractors equated for age, gender and ethnicity. The participantâs score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils, and median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. The procedure is repeated at 20 min delay. ",
"alias": "(PFMT)",
"ID(c)": 24082
},
{
"id": "trm_50f9daf1c3834",
"name": "Visual Object Learning Test ",
"definition_text": "uses Euclidean shapes as stimuli with the same paradigm as the CNB word and face tests. The participantâs score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils, and again median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. The procedure is repeated at 20 min delay. Two forms are available for each test.",
"alias": "(VOLT)",
"ID(c)": 24083
},
{
"id": "trm_5106eae236c21",
"name": "WAIS-Information",
"definition_text": "The examinee 29 answers questions that address a broad range of general knowledge topics. This subtest measures the ability to acquire, retain, and retrieve general factual information. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24084
},
{
"id": "trm_5106eee90937a",
"name": "WAIS Digit Span",
"definition_text": "For Digit Span Forward, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in the same order. For Digit Span Backward, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in reverse order. For Digit Span Sequencing, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in ascending order. This subtest measures working memory, mental manipulation, cognitive flexibility, rote memory and learning, attention, and encoding. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24085
},
{
"id": "trm_5106f17025386",
"name": "WAIS Vocabulary",
"definition_text": "For picture items, the examinee names the object presented visually. For verbal items, the examinee defines words that are presented visually and orally. This subtest measures word knowledge and verbal concept formation. 35 words are defined in this measure of expressive word knowledge. It correlates very highly with Full Scale IQ.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24086
},
{
"id": "trm_5106f4dfe08b1",
"name": "WAIS Arithmetic",
"definition_text": "Working within a specified time limit, the examinee mentally solves a series of 14 arithmetic story type problems. This subtest measures mental manipulation, concentration, attention, short- and long-term memory, numerical reasoning ability, and mental alertness. Tests distractibility as well as numerical reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24087
},
{
"id": "trm_5106f82530aff",
"name": "WAIS Comprehension",
"definition_text": "The examinee answers questions based on his or her understanding of general principles and social situations. This subtest measures verbal reasoning and conceptualization, verbal comprehension and expression, the ability to evaluate and use past experience, and the ability to demonstrate practical knowledge and judgment.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24088
},
{
"id": "trm_510703e93367e",
"name": "WAIS Similarities",
"definition_text": "The examinee is presented two words that represent common objects or concepts, and asked to describe how two seemingly dissimilar items might in fact be similar. This subtest measures verbal concept formation and reasoning.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24089
},
{
"id": "trm_5107067241007",
"name": "WAIS Picture Completion",
"definition_text": "Working within a specified time limit, the examinee views a picture with an important part missing and identifies the missing part. This subtest measures visual perception and organization, concentration, and visual recognition of essential details of objects.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24090
},
{
"id": "trm_51070ae889d95",
"name": "WAIS Picture Arrangement",
"definition_text": "The subject is given 10 small pictures and asked to arrange them in a logical sequence.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24091
},
{
"id": "trm_51071fc87a61f",
"name": "WAIS Object Assembly",
"definition_text": "The subject is given 4 puzzles (like jigsaw puzzles) and must put together the pieces to form the intended shape. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24092
},
{
"id": "trm_512e7621189ad",
"name": "criteria task",
"definition_text": "A decision making task designed to test how individuals can use different criteria to classify perceptual stimuli. In the criteria with line stimuli version of the task, participants are asked to decide if lines are "big" or "small" compared to a criterion line that can differ in size. At the beginning of each block of trials, they are shown which criterion line to use for their decisions. In the criteria with dot stimuli version of the task, participants are asked to decide if a matrix of dots is "big" or "small" compared to a matrix of dots that can differ in size. At the beginning of each block of trials, they are shown which criterion matrix of dots to use for their decisions. \r\n",
"alias": "criteria, criteria task",
"ID(c)": 24093
},
{
"id": "trm_5181f863d24f4",
"name": "stop signal task with pseudo word naming",
"definition_text": "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24094
},
{
"id": "trm_5154906cbead5",
"name": "Change Detection Task",
"definition_text": "The subject is presented with an array, then after a short delay, presented with a second array. In the no-change condition, the second array is identical to the first. In the change condition, the second array differs by a single item. Subjects must identify whether a change has occurred or not, and if so, are often asked to point out the change. Other versions target different sensory abilities, such as auditory change detection or face change detection.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24095
},
{
"id": "trm_515495b718cd6",
"name": "AX-DPX",
"definition_text": "An alternative version of the AX-CPT in which the letter stimuli are replaced with simple dot patterns derived from Braille language. Dot patterns are more easily parametrically manipulated, and require less time between stimuli presentations because they are not as easily stored in working memory as letters, thus increasing the proportion of errors.",
"alias": "Dot Pattern Expectancy,Dot Probe Expectancy",
"ID(c)": 24096
},
{
"id": "trm_5736095d91380",
"name": "delayed intention task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a cue indicating which of several tasks to perform. After a delay phase, they see a task screen and perform the task. Typically, brain activity related to the tasks is analyzed during the delay period.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24097
},
{
"id": "trm_5176cf2c19e89",
"name": "mirror reading task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with mirror-reversed written stimuli and asked to process them in some way.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24098
},
{
"id": "trm_5176cf9d3d512",
"name": "living/nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with words in either plain text or mirror-reversed format, and are asked to judge whether the stimulus refers to a living or nonliving object. Items are presented in a mixed fashion and separated by whether each stimulus is a switch in presentation form from the previous trial.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24099
},
{
"id": "trm_5181fb7bf350b",
"name": "reversal weather prediction",
"definition_text": "is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on if the response was correct or incorrect. This may or may not be presented with other stimuli (ex-tones of different frequencies), but the goal of the task is to only pay attention the the classification task at hand. This is the same task as the weather prediction task but with the reward contingencies reversed\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24100
},
{
"id": "trm_51a637dfeffd5",
"name": "McGurk effect",
"definition_text": "An auditory illusion discovered by H. McGurk and J. MacDonald, demonstrating the contribution made by visible face movements to normal speech perception",
"alias": "McGurk-MacDonald effect",
"ID(c)": 24101
},
{
"id": "trm_51c453f64d2a6",
"name": "psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm",
"definition_text": "In this task, participants are required to select responses for two stimuli. The intervals between the two stimuli vary, but are usually so brief that the second stimulus often appears before the response to the first one is finished.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24102
},
{
"id": "trm_51d6fe3f3942f",
"name": "autism spectrum quotient",
"definition_text": "The Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) is used to assess if adults of average intelligent have symptoms typical of individuals in the autism spectrum. Published by Simon Baron-Cohen at the Autism Research Centre in Cambridge in 2001, it consists of fifty questions to assess social and communication skills, as well as imagination, attention to detail, and attention switching.\r\n\r\nSubscales: social skill (items 1,11,13,15,22,36,44,45,47,48)\r\nattention switching (items 2,4,10,16,25,32,34,37,43,46) \r\nattention to detail (items 5,6,9,12,19,23,28,29,30,49) \r\ncommunication (items 7,17,18,26,27,31,33,35,38,39) \r\nimagination (items 3,8,14,20,21,24,40,41,42,50) \r\n\r\nEach of the items listed above scores 1 point if the respondent records the abnormal or autistic-like behavior either mildly or strongly.\r\nâDefinitely agreeâ or âslightly agreeâ responses scored 1 point, on the following items: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12, 13, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26, 33, 35, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46. \r\nâDefinitely disagreeâ or âslightly disagreeâ responses scored 1 point, on the following items: 3, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 36, 37, 38, 40, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50.\r\n\r\nBaron-Cohen, S., et al. (2001). "The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger Syndrome/High-Functioning Autism, Malesand Females, Scientists and Mathematicians." Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders 31(1): 5-17.",
"alias": "AQ",
"ID(c)": 24103
},
{
"id": "trm_5206bf053acf4",
"name": "Piaget's Water Jar Task",
"definition_text": "This task tests whether children understand the principle of conservation, or the idea that two objects are still equivalent after a transformation of one of them. Specifically, the "Water Jar Task" tests if children have attained "conservation of liquid quantity." The child is asked to assess if the same amount of water in different glasses is in fact equal. ",
"alias": "water jug task, water jug problem",
"ID(c)": 24104
},
{
"id": "trm_5208fe678c652",
"name": "Social Responsiveness Scale",
"definition_text": "The social responsiveness scale (SRS) is a 65 item rating scale used to assess social awareness, social information processing, capacity for reciprocal social communication, social anxiety/avoidance, and autistic preoccupations and traits. The original SRS is completed by a parent or teacher for children from 4 to 18 years of age. The second version of the SRS is extended to 2.5 years into adulthood, validated on a larger sample, and allowing for self-report.\r\n\r\nSubscales Include:\r\n1. Social Awareness\r\n2. Social Cognition\r\n3. Social Communication\r\n4. Social Motivation\r\n5. Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior\r\n\r\nAdditionally, the Total Score reflects overall severity of social deficits.",
"alias": "SRS, SRS-2",
"ID(c)": 24105
},
{
"id": "trm_52167db323438",
"name": "Children's Memory Scale",
"definition_text": "The Children's Memory Scale (CMS) assesses attention, declarative memory, and learning for children from 5 to 16 years of age, specifically with subscales that reflect 1) Attention/Concentration, 2) Verbal Immediate, 3) Verbal Delayed, 4) Delayed Recognition, 5) Visual Immediate, 6) Visual Delayed, 7) Learning, and 8) General Memory.\r\n\r\nhttp://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-0-387-79948-3_1532/fulltext.html",
"alias": "CMS",
"ID(c)": 24106
},
{
"id": "trm_521687032f822",
"name": "Social Communication Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The Social Communication Questionnaire consists of 40 yes/no questions (answered by parents) to screen for autism spectrum disorders in children four years of age and older. Specifically, the questions ask about social functioning and communication skills. Two forms of the SCQ include the Lifetime and Current, which assesst behaviors for each of those periods. \r\n\r\nTheoretically derived subscales include 1) Reciprocal Social Interaction subscale, 2) Communication subscale, and 3) Restricted, Repetitive, and Stereotyped Patterns of Behavior subscale, although they have not been formally validated.\r\n\r\nQuestions 20 through 40 (Lifetime) focus on behaviors occurring between the ages of 4 and 5.\r\nTotal scores can range from 0 to 39\r\nThe first question is a language screening item that is not included in the final score.\r\nTotal SCQ raw score of ⥠15 is highly suggestive of ASD",
"alias": "SCQ, Autism Screening Questionnaire, ASQ",
"ID(c)": 24107
},
{
"id": "trm_523c7a0a73cf5",
"name": "aberrant behavior checklist - community",
"definition_text": "The Aberrant Behavior Checklist- Community version (ABC-C) is a symptom checklist for assessing problem behaviors of children and adults with mental retardation, to be completed by a parent, educator, or care-giver. The community version is specifically for individuals living at home. \r\n\r\nThe rater is asked to provide ratings for 58 specific symptoms to compute scores for the following subscales:\r\n\r\n 1. Irritability/Agitation\r\nâ 2. Lethargy/Social Withdrawal\r\n 3. Stereotypic Behavior\r\n 4. Hyperactivity/Noncompliance\r\n 5. Inappropriate Speech\r\n\r\nhttp://www.slossonnews.com/ABC.html",
"alias": "ABC, ABC-C",
"ID(c)": 24108
},
{
"id": "trm_523ca67b786d5",
"name": "adult behavior checklist",
"definition_text": "The Adult Behavior Checklist is a 126 item measure that assesses withdrawn, somatic, anxious/depressed, internalizing, intrusive, thought, attention, delinquent behavior, aggressive, and externalizing problems.",
"alias": "ABC, ABCL",
"ID(c)": 24109
},
{
"id": "trm_523df616da8a6",
"name": "adolescent symptom inventory",
"definition_text": "The Adolescent Symptom Inventory (4th version) is a 120 question rating scale that screens for 18 DSM-IV emotional and behavioral disorders in youths between 12 and 18 years old. These scores have shown a high correspondence with psychiatric diagnoses.",
"alias": "ASI, ASI-4",
"ID(c)": 24110
},
{
"id": "trm_523dfd5b7a9f1",
"name": "broad autism phenotype questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire (BAPQ) is designed to measure the BAP (the Broad Autism Phenotype, a set of personality and language characteristics that reflect the phenotypic expression of the genetic liability to autism) in adults. The subscales include: aloof personality, rigid personality, and pragmatic language.\r\n\r\nhttp://staff.science.uva.nl/~michiell/docs/HurleyEtAl2007.pdf",
"alias": "BAP",
"ID(c)": 24111
},
{
"id": "trm_523e10cad0ce6",
"name": "battelle developmental inventory",
"definition_text": "The Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI) is an assessment for children (newborn to 7 years 11 months) that assesses early childhood developmental milestones in the domains of personal-social, adaptive, motor, communication, and cognitive ability.",
"alias": "BDI",
"ID(c)": 24112
},
{
"id": "trm_523f58d91f2c0",
"name": "beery-buktenica developmental test of visual-motor integration",
"definition_text": "The Beery VMI is a screener for visual-motor deficits that can lead to learning, neuropsychological, and behavior problems, available in both a child and adult form. It also helps to assess the extent to which individuals can integrate their visual and motor abilities.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.pearsonassessments.com/HAIWEB/Cultures/en-us/Productdetail.htm?Pid=PAg105\r\n\r\n",
"alias": "Beery VMI",
"ID(c)": 24113
},
{
"id": "trm_523f5c17d7edb",
"name": "big five questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The BFQ is a self-report measure for assessing the big five personality dimensions of energy/extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional instability, and intellect/openness in youths.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019188690200051X",
"alias": "BFQ",
"ID(c)": 24114
},
{
"id": "trm_524055ac4fecf",
"name": "broader phenotype autism symptom scale",
"definition_text": "The Broader Phenotype Autism Symptom Scale (BPASS) measures traits that have likely effects on autism susceptibility genes, including social motivation, social expressiveness, conversational skills, and flexibility. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16868845",
"alias": "BPASS",
"ID(c)": 24115
},
{
"id": "trm_52405b6f7ebe9",
"name": "brief symptom inventory",
"definition_text": "The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) is a brief psychological self-report assessment intended to help measure psychological distress and psychiatric disorders in medical and community populations. It is a shorter version of the SCL-90-R.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6622612",
"alias": "BSI",
"ID(c)": 24116
},
{
"id": "trm_524b4a402c87e",
"name": "Child Behavior Checklist",
"definition_text": "The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) obtains reports from parents, relatives, and/or guardians about competencies and behavioral or emotional problems relating to social relations and school performance. This metric is intended for ages 6 through 18, and measures anxiety, depression, somatic complaints, social problems, thought and attention problems, and rule-breaking and aggressive behavior.",
"alias": "CBCL",
"ID(c)": 24117
},
{
"id": "trm_524b563fb87c8",
"name": "Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scales",
"definition_text": "The Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scale(s) is an instrument designed to provide a complete overview of child and adolescent behaviors, emotions, academic, and social problems. These scales include the DSM-IV symptom scales.\r\n",
"alias": "CBRS",
"ID(c)": 24118
},
{
"id": "trm_5255c99be1e53",
"name": "Children's Communication Checklist",
"definition_text": "The Childrenâs Communication Checklist is a 70 item questionnaire that assesses children's speech, vocabulary, sentence structure, and social language skills, to be filled out by an adult or caregiver. language and pragmatics.",
"alias": "CCC",
"ID(c)": 24119
},
{
"id": "trm_5258346e72223",
"name": "Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale",
"definition_text": "The CES-D scale is a short self-report scale designed to measure depressive symptomatology in the general population, and is composed of items from longer scales that have been previously validated.",
"alias": "CES-D",
"ID(c)": 24120
},
{
"id": "trm_525c4a78089ad",
"name": "Social Competence Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "A questionnaire to assess social competence in children.",
"alias": "ComQ",
"ID(c)": 24121
},
{
"id": "trm_525c4cb94bfff",
"name": "Conners 3rd Edition",
"definition_text": "The Conners 3 is an extended version of the Conners' Rating Scales-Revised that, in addition to the original metrics, assesses comorbid disorders such as Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Conduct Disorder. Specifically, it addresses:\r\n\r\nGeneral Psychopathology\r\nInattention\r\nHyperactivity/Impulsivity\r\nLearning Problems\r\nExecutive Functioning\r\nAggression\r\nPeer Relations\r\nFamily Relations\r\nADHD Inattentive\r\nADHD Hyperactive-Impulsive\r\nADHD Combined\r\nOppositional Defiant Disorder\r\nConduct Disorder",
"alias": "Conners 3",
"ID(c)": 24122
},
{
"id": "trm_525c56680c13c",
"name": "Children's Psychiatric Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "The Children's Psychiatric Rating Scale (CPRS) is a multidimensional rating scale of childhood psychopathology. It is not diagnostic, but rather a broad-ranging rating scale of symptoms and behaviors which may contribute to diagnosis. In addition, the scoring system enables the rating of severity of symptoms and presentation. Since the scale measures the presence or absence of symptoms over a particular period of time, it is a useful instrument of treatment efficacy and has regularly been the instrument of choice employed in clinical trials.\r\n\r\nFor more information, see http://www.springerreference.com/docs/html/chapterdbid/334435.html",
"alias": "CPRS",
"ID(c)": 24123
},
{
"id": "trm_525d847e2bd0b",
"name": "autism diagnostic interview - revised",
"definition_text": "the ADI-R is a comprehensive interview that provides a thorough assessment of individuals suspected of having autism or other autism spectrum disorders. It has proven highly useful for formal diagnosis as well as treatment and educational planning.",
"alias": "ADI-R",
"ID(c)": 24124
},
{
"id": "trm_526027c99b726",
"name": "Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing",
"definition_text": "The CTOPP-2 can be used to help evaluate phonological processing abilities as a prerequisite to reading fluency. The revised version of this popular assessment is now appropriate for use with children as young as 4 years old. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.pearsonassessments.com/HAIWEB/Cultures/en-us/Productdetail.htm?Pid=CTOPP2",
"alias": "CTOPP",
"ID(c)": 24125
},
{
"id": "trm_52602c143d3a9",
"name": "Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale",
"definition_text": "a widely used measure of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) symptom severity in youth.",
"alias": "CY-BOCS",
"ID(c)": 24126
},
{
"id": "trm_52602e2e0c43b",
"name": "Expressive Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Expressive Vocabulary Test assesses receptive and expressive vocabulary, and word retrieval.",
"alias": "EVT",
"ID(c)": 24127
},
{
"id": "trm_5262c98a09546",
"name": "Expressive One Word-Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Expressive One Word-Picture Vocabulary Test assesses English speaking vocabulary and verbal intelligence for individuals age 2 to 95 years.\r\n\r\nhttp://portal.wpspublish.com/portal/page?_pageid=53,272879&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL\r\n",
"alias": "EOWPVT",
"ID(c)": 24128
},
{
"id": "trm_5262cb3d852c0",
"name": "Leiter International Performance Scale",
"definition_text": "The Leiter International Performance Scale is an intelligence test for children ages 2 to 18 in the form of a strict performance scale. The test purports to "provide a nonverbal measure of general intelligence by sampling a wide variety of functions from memory to nonverbal reasoning." Because of the exclusion of language, it claims to be more accurate than other tests when testing children who cannot or will not provide a verbal response, including children who are non native speaking, or have autism, traumatic brain injury, speech impairment, and hearing problems.\r\n\r\nScales and subscales include: \r\n\r\nReasoning:\r\n\r\nClassification\r\nSequential order\r\nRepeated patterns\r\nDesign analogies\r\n\r\nVisualization:\r\n\r\nMatching\r\nFigure-ground\r\nPaper folding\r\nFigure rotation\r\nPicture context\r\nForm completion\r\n\r\nMemory:\r\n\r\nMemory span (Forward)\r\nMemory span (Backward)\r\nImmediate recognition\r\nDelayed recognition\r\nAssociative memory\r\nAssociative delayed memory\r\nSpatial memory\r\nVisual coding\r\n\r\nAttention:\r\nAttention sustained (marking one kind of figures printed on a page with several different figures)\r\nAttention divided (observing a display and simultaneously sorting cards correctly)\r\n\r\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leiter_International_Performance_Scale",
"alias": "Leiter",
"ID(c)": 24129
},
{
"id": "trm_5262d6d7b2097",
"name": "Mullen Scales of Early Learning",
"definition_text": "The Mullen Scales of Early Learning encompass five scales used to assess cognitive and motor ability and development. Specifically, including Gross Motor, Visual Reception, Fine Motor, Expressive Language, and Receptive Language.",
"alias": "Mullen",
"ID(c)": 24130
},
{
"id": "trm_5262d903ae91d",
"name": "PDD Behavior Inventory",
"definition_text": "The Pervasive Developmental Disorder Behavioral Inventory assess responsiveness to intervention in children with a pervasive developmental disorder. The extended form assesses two categories, each including a set of subscales:\r\n\r\nApproach/Withdrawal Problems:\r\n\r\nSensory/Perceptual Approach\r\nRitualisms/Resistance to Change\r\nSocial Pragmatic Problems\r\nSemantic Pragmatic Problems\r\nArousal Regulation Problems (extended form)\r\nSpecific Fears (extended form)\r\nAggressiveness (extended form)\r\n\r\nReceptive/Expressive Social Communication Abilities:\r\n\r\nSocial Approach Behaviors\r\nExpressive Language\r\nLearning, Memory, and Receptive Language (extended form)",
"alias": "PDDBI",
"ID(c)": 24131
},
{
"id": "trm_5266bc6473fd8",
"name": "Preschool Language Scale",
"definition_text": "The Preschool Language Scale (PLS) provides a comprehensive assessment of language development, specifically it measures total language, auditory comprehension, and expressive communication. ",
"alias": "PLS",
"ID(c)": 24132
},
{
"id": "trm_5266bebe14d2e",
"name": "Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) is a vocabulary assessment to assess receptive and expressive vocabulary performance.",
"alias": "PPVT",
"ID(c)": 24133
},
{
"id": "trm_526943e3cbaaf",
"name": "Sensory Profile",
"definition_text": "The Sensory Profile is a test to assess sensory processing for a wide range of age groups. Domains (and subscles within domains) include:\r\n\r\n1) Sensory processing domain: auditory processing, visual processing, vestibular processing, touch processing, and multi-sensory processing, oral processing.\r\n\r\n2) Modulation domain: sensory processing related to endurance and tone, modulation related to body position and movement, modulation of movement affecting activity level, modulation of sensory input affecting emotional responses, modulation of visual input affecting emotional responses and activity level.\r\n\r\n3) Behavior and emotional responses: emotional/social responses, behavioral outcomes of sensory processing, items indicating threshold for response.\r\n\r\nhttps://www.pearsonassessments.com/HAIWEB/Cultures/en-us/Productdetail.htm?Pid=076-1638-008",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24134
},
{
"id": "trm_526af65b16c82",
"name": "Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales",
"definition_text": "The Stanford-Binet (SB) - the best and most popular intelligence test, is a Cognitive ability assessment used to measure intelligence (IQ). It measures five factors of cognitive ability: Fluid Reasoning, Knowledge, Quantitative Reasoning, Visual-Spatial Processing, and Working Memory. Each of these factors is tested in two separate domains, verbal and nonverbal.\r\n\r\nSubtests include: Vocabulary, Comprehension, Pattern Analysis, Quantitative, Bead Memory, and Memory for Sentences.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.stanfordbinet.net/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24135
},
{
"id": "trm_527138126fb20",
"name": "Test of Early Language Development",
"definition_text": "The Test of Early Language Development (TELD) is a standardized test to assess spoken language skills at early ages. Subtests include Receptive Language and Expressive Language, and these metrics yield an overall Spoken Language score.",
"alias": "TELD",
"ID(c)": 24136
},
{
"id": "trm_52713c85c0bd2",
"name": "Test of Adolescent and Adult Language",
"definition_text": "The Test of Adolescent and Adult Language (TOAL) measures spoken and written language abilities of adolescents and young adults with varying degrees of knowledge of the English language. It includes the following six subtests: Word opposites, word deviations, spoken analogies, word similarities, sentence combining, and orthographic usage.\r\n\r\nComposite scores include spoken language, written language, and general language.",
"alias": "TOAL",
"ID(c)": 24137
},
{
"id": "trm_527143a263937",
"name": "Test of Language Development",
"definition_text": "The Test of Language Development (TOLD) provides six subtests that measure components of spoken language, including 1) Sentence Combining, 2) Picture Vocabulary, 3) Word Ordering, 4) Relational Vocabulary, 5) Morphological Comprehension, and 6) Multiple Meanings.",
"alias": "TOLD",
"ID(c)": 24138
},
{
"id": "trm_52717a95a3b03",
"name": "Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales",
"definition_text": "The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales are the leading instrument for supporting the diagnosis of intellectual and developmental disabilities. It assesses an individual in the domains of communication, daily living skills, socialization, motor skills, and a maladaptive behavior index.",
"alias": "Vineland",
"ID(c)": 24139
},
{
"id": "trm_52718631bc934",
"name": "Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Development Profile",
"definition_text": "The Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Development Profile (CSBS) is an assessment to pick up early delays in social communication, expressive speech/language, and symbolic functioning.",
"alias": "CSBS",
"ID(c)": 24140
},
{
"id": "trm_5272806688e63",
"name": "Differential Ability Scales",
"definition_text": "The Differential Ability Scales (DAS) make an assessment about how a child processes information, and at cognitive abilities that are important for learning. Specifically, the test measures verbal and visual working memory, immediate and delayed recall, visual recognition and matching, processing and naming speed, phonological processing, and understanding of basic number concepts.",
"alias": "DAS",
"ID(c)": 24141
},
{
"id": "trm_5298e7a465b41",
"name": "Early Childhood Behavioral Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The Early Childhood Behavioral Questionnaire encompasses 18 scales, and 201 items to measure several aspects of temperament in toddlers. A short form (107 items; 18 scales), and a very short form (36 items; 3 broad scales) are available.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.bowdoin.edu/~sputnam/rothbart-temperament-questionnaires/instrument-descriptions/early-childhood-behavior.html",
"alias": "ECBQ",
"ID(c)": 24142
},
{
"id": "trm_5298ed1336e43",
"name": "Early Development Interview (EDI)",
"definition_text": "The Early Development Interview measures the following:\r\n\r\nCommunication\r\nRepetitive Behavior\r\nRegulatory\r\nSocial\r\nSensory\r\nTone\r\nFamily Changes\r\nChild Medical Events\r\nStressful Events\r\n\r\nhttp://ndar.nih.gov/ndar_data_dictionary.html?short_name=edi01\r\n",
"alias": "EDI",
"ID(c)": 24143
},
{
"id": "trm_5298f15fe0fcf",
"name": "Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "The Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test can be used to assess expressive language for individuals who have experienced stroke, concussion, traumatic brain injury, or neurodegenerative disease. \r\nThe test provides a comprehensive assessment of expressive and receptive vocabulary.\r\n \r\nhttp://www.proedinc.com/customer/productView.aspx?ID=2166",
"alias": "EOWPVT",
"ID(c)": 24144
},
{
"id": "trm_529911569b592",
"name": "Halstead-Reitan Battery",
"definition_text": "The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery is a combination of neuropsychological tests used to assess the possible physical aspects and localization of neurological damage. \r\n\r\nTrails A and B\r\nVerbal Fluency\r\nHalstead Category Test\r\nSpatial Positional Reasoning\r\nTactual Performance Test\r\nRhythm Test\r\nSpeech Sounds Perception Test\r\nFinger Oscillation Test\r\n\r\nand several ancillary tests. See: http://www.minddisorders.com/Flu-Inv/Halstead-Reitan-Battery.html for details.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24145
},
{
"id": "trm_529ce04b778b6",
"name": "Joint Attention / Social and Nonsocial Orienting Task",
"definition_text": "This task makes an assessment of the extent that a child can respond to different stimuli, or exhibit joint attention:\r\n\r\nhttp://ndar.nih.gov/ndar_data_dictionary.html?short_name=jasnot01\r\n\r\nI was not able to find the original paper detailing the task.",
"alias": "jasnot",
"ID(c)": 24146
},
{
"id": "trm_529ce3d22be3e",
"name": "Judgment of Line Orientation Task",
"definition_text": "This test is a standardized measure of visuospatial judgment. See http://www4.parinc.com/Products/Product.aspx?ProductID=JUDGMENTLINE",
"alias": "jol",
"ID(c)": 24147
},
{
"id": "trm_529ce6ecb35f8",
"name": "Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test",
"definition_text": "The Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT) measures both verbal and nonverbal ability.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.pearsonclinical.com/psychology/products/100000390/kaufman-brief-intelligence-test-second-edition-kbit2.html",
"alias": "KBIT,K-BIT",
"ID(c)": 24148
},
{
"id": "trm_529d087705bfa",
"name": "Loneliness Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "The loneliness rating scale is a 40 item questionnaire to assess current level of loneliness.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16367513",
"alias": "LRS",
"ID(c)": 24149
},
{
"id": "trm_534690b0e9dc5",
"name": "Overt word repetition",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented auditorily with words and asked to repeat them aloud.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24150
},
{
"id": "trm_5346927710e88",
"name": "Covert verb generation task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are presented with nouns and generate an associated verb silently.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24151
},
{
"id": "trm_534692ef3b5df",
"name": "Tapping task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are instructed to move a body part corresponding to a picture. The following instructions were issued: âYou have to tap your index finger when you see a picture of a finger, flex your foot when you see a picture of a foot, and purse your lips when you see a picture of lipsâ. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24152
},
{
"id": "trm_5346938eed092",
"name": "Landmark task",
"definition_text": "Subjects performed two alternate tasks, namely tell if a horizontal line is crossed precisely in the middle (LANDMARK) and tell if a horizontal line is crossed at all (DETECTION). The following instructions were used: âPress the button with your left index finger if the line is bisected in the middle otherwise press the button with your right fingerâ or âPress the button with your left index finger if the line is crossed otherwise press the button with your right fingerâ. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24153
},
{
"id": "trm_53c4465b0466f",
"name": "why/how task",
"definition_text": "The Why/How Task is a neuroimaging task for manipulating and measuring abstract conceptualization of sensory stimuli, especially social stimuli. In the version validated in Spunt and Adolphs (2014, NeuroImage), participants answer attributional (why) and factual (how) questions about visual social scenes using a yes/no manual response. The Why/How manipulation is attentional: Each photograph appears once as the target of a Why question, and once as the target of a How question. A standardized version of this task is available for download here: http://bobspunt.com/whyhow-localizer/. Further information can be acquired in the following paper: Spunt, R. P., & Adolphs, R. (2014). Validating why/how the contrast for functional MRI studies of Theory of Mind. NeuroImage. 99, 301-311.\r\n",
"alias": "yes/no why/how task, why/how localizer",
"ID(c)": 24154
},
{
"id": "trm_54e69c642d89b",
"name": "rest eyes closed",
"definition_text": "Subjects rest passively with their eyes closed. Often used as a baseline for comparison for other tasks.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24155
},
{
"id": "trm_54f93101b2fd8",
"name": "think/no-think task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects are cued to either remember or suppress the memory for a specific association that was previously learned.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24156
},
{
"id": "trm_550b50095d4a3",
"name": "working memory fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This is the "working memory" task used in the Human Connectome Project. The category specific representation task and the working memory task are combined into a single task paradigm. Participants were presented with blocks of trials that consisted of pictures of places, tools, faces and body parts (non-mutilated parts of bodies with no ânudityâ). Within each run, the 4 different stimulus types were presented in separate blocks. Also, within each run, ½ of the blocks use a 2-back working memory task and ½ use a 0-back working memory task (as a working memory comparison). A 2.5 second cue indicates the task type (and target\r\nfor 0-back) at the start of the block. Each of the two runs contains 8 task blocks (10 trials of 2.5 seconds each, for 25 seconds) and 4 fixation blocks (15 seconds). On each trial, the stimulus is presented for 2 seconds, followed by a 500 ms inter-task interval (ITI). \r\n\r\nPotential Additional Event Related Contrasts: Researchers can also use the TAB.txt E-Prime\r\ndata files to generate the following potential event-related contrasts:\r\n\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Appendix_VI.pdf\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf\r\n\r\nReferences for Working Memory: Localizer (Drobyshevsky et al. 2006); Reliable across subjects (Drobyshevsky et al. 2006) and time (Caceres et al. 2009).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24157
},
{
"id": "trm_550b53d7dd674",
"name": "motor fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was adapted from the one developed by Buckner and colleagues (Buckner et al. 2011; Yeo et al. 2011). Participants are presented with visual cues that ask them to either tap their left or right fingers, or squeeze their left or right toes, or move their tongue to map motor areas. Each block of a movement type lasted 12 seconds (10 movements), and is preceded by a 3 second cue. In each of the two runs, there are 13 blocks, with 2 of tongue movements, 4 of hand movements (2 right and 2 left), and 4 of foot movements (2 right and 2 left). In addition, there are 3 15-second fixation blocks per run. This task contains the following events, each of which is computed against the fixation baseline.\r\n\r\nThis task is included in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 subject data release.\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf\r\n\r\nReferences for Motor Task: Localizer (Morioka et al. 1995; Bizzi et al. 2008; Buckner et al. 2011; Yeo et al. 2011).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24158
},
{
"id": "trm_550b54a8b30f4",
"name": "language processing fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was developed by Binder and colleagues (Binder et al. 2011) and uses the E-prime scripts provided by these investigators. The task consists of two runs that each interleave 4 blocks of a story task and 4 blocks of a math task. The lengths of the blocks vary (average of approximately 30 seconds), but the task was designed so that the math task blocks match the length of the story task blocks, with some additional math trials at the end of the task to complete the 3.8 minute run as needed. The story blocks present participants with brief auditory stories (5-9 sentences) adapted from Aesopâs fables, followed by a 2-alternative forcedchoice question that asks participants about the topic of the story. The example provided in the original Binder paper (p. 1466) is âFor example, after a story about an eagle that saves a man who had done him a favor, participants were asked, âWas that about revenge or reciprocity?â The math task also presents trials aurally and requires subjects to complete addition and subtraction problems. The trials present subjects with a series of arithmetic operations (e.g., âfourteen plus twelveâ), followed by âequalsâ and then two choices (e.g., âtwenty-nine or twentysixâ). Participants push a button to select either the first or the second answer. The math task is adaptive to try to maintain a similar level of difficulty across participants. For more details on the task, please see (Binder et al. 2011).\r\n\r\nReferences for Language Task: Reliable across subjects and robust activation (Binder et al.\r\n2011).\r\n\r\nThis task is included in the Human Connectome Project.\r\n\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24159
},
{
"id": "trm_550b557e5f90e",
"name": "social cognition (theory of mind) fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "Participants were presented with short video clips (20 seconds) of objects (squares, circles, triangles) that either interacted in some way, or moved randomly on the screen. These videos were developed by either Castelli and colleagues (Castelli et al. 2000) or Martin and colleagues (Wheatley et al. 2007). After each video clip, participants judge whether the objects had a mental interaction (an interaction that appears as if the shapes are taking into account each otherâs feelings and thoughts), Not Sure, or No interaction (i.e., there is no obvious interaction between the shapes and the movement appears random). Each of the two task runs has 5 video blocks (2 Mental and 3 Random in one run, 3 Mental and 2 Random in the other run) and 5 fixation blocks (15 seconds each). \r\n\r\nReferences for the Social Cognition Task: Reliable across subjects and robust activation\r\n(Castelli et al. 2000; Castelli et al. 2002; Wheatley et al. 2007; White et al. 2011).\r\n\r\nThis task is used in the Human Connectome Project.\r\n\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24160
},
{
"id": "trm_550b5a47aa23e",
"name": "relational processing fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was adapted from the one developed by Christoff and colleagues (Smith et al. 2007). The stimuli are 6 different shapes filled with 1 of 6 different textures. In the relational processing condition, participants are presented with 2 pairs of objects, with one pair at the top of the screen and the other pair at the bottom of the screen. They are told that they should first decide what dimension differs across the top pair of objects (differed in shape or differed in texture) and then they should decide whether the bottom pair of objects also differ along that same dimension (e.g., if the top pair differs in shape, does the bottom pair also differ in shape). In the control matching condition, participants are shown two objects at the top of the screen and one object at the bottom of the screen, and a word in the middle of the screen (either âshapeâ or âtextureâ). They are told to decide whether the bottom object matches either of the top two objects on that dimension (e.g., if the word is âshapeâ, is the bottom object the same shape as either of the top two objects. For both conditions, the subject responds yes or no using one button or another. For the relational condition, the stimuli are presented for 3500 ms, with a 500 ms ITI, and there are four trials per block. In the matching condition, stimuli are presented for 2800 ms, with a 400 ms ITI, and there are 5 trials per block. Each type of block (relational or matching) lasts a total of 18 seconds. In each of the two runs of this task, there are 3 relational blocks, 3 matching blocks and 3 16-second fixation blocks.\r\n\r\nReferences for the Relational Processing Task: Localizer (Smith et al. 2007).\r\n\r\nThis task is included in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 Dataset Release\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24161
},
{
"id": "trm_550b5b066d37b",
"name": "emotion processing fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was adapted from the one developed by Hariri and colleagues (Hariri et al. 2002). Participants are presented with blocks of trials that either ask them to decide which of two faces presented on the bottom of the screen match the face at the top of the screen, or which of two shapes presented at the bottom of the screen match the shape at the top of the screen. The faces have either an angry or fearful expression. Trials are presented in blocks of 6 trials of the same task (face or shape), with the stimulus presented for 2000 ms and a 1000 ms ITI. Each block is preceded by a 3000 ms task cue (âshapeâ or âfaceâ), so that each block is 21 seconds including the cue. Each of the two runs includes 3 face blocks and 3 shape blocks, with 8 seconds of fixation at the end of each run.\r\n\r\nThis task is included in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 subject data release.\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf\r\n\r\nReferences for the Emotion Processing Task: Localizer (Hariri et al. 2002); Moderate reliability\r\nacross time (Manuck et al. 2007).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24162
},
{
"id": "trm_550b5c1a7f4db",
"name": "gambling fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task was adapted from the one developed by Delgado and Fiez (Delgado et al. 2000). Participants play a card guessing game where they are asked to guess the number on a mystery card (represented by a â?â) in order to win or lose money. Participants are told that potential card numbers range from 1-9 and to indicate if they think the mystery card number is more or less than 5 by pressing one of two buttons on the response box. Feedback is the number on the card (generated by the program as a function of whether the trial was a reward, loss or neutral trial) and either: 1) a green up arrow with â$1â for reward trials, 2) a red down arrow next to -$0.50 for loss trials; or 3) the number 5 and a gray double headed arrow for neutral trials. The â?â is presented for up to 1500 ms (if the participant responds before 1500 ms, a fixation cross is displayed for the remaining time), following by feedback for 1000 ms. There is a 1000 ms ITI with a â+â presented on the screen. The task is presented in blocks of 8 trials that are either mostly reward (6 reward trials pseudo randomly interleaved with either 1 neutral and 1 loss trial, 2 neutral trials, or 2 loss trials) or mostly loss (6 loss trials pseudorandomly interleaved with either 1 neutral and 1 reward trial, 2 neutral trials, or 2 reward trials). In each of the two runs, there are 2 mostly reward and 2 mostly loss blocks, interleaved with 4 fixation blocks (15 seconds each).\r\n\r\nThis task is part of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 subject data relase.\r\nhttp://humanconnectome.org/documentation/S500/HCP_S500+MEG2_Release_Reference_Manual.pdf\r\n\r\nReferences for Gambling Task: Reliable across subjects and robust activation in fMRI (Delgado\r\net al. 2000; May et al. 2004; Tricomi et al. 2004; Forbes et al. 2009)",
"alias": "gambling task",
"ID(c)": 24163
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c2645167e",
"name": "Tone Matching",
"definition_text": "The tone matching task is designed to measure pitch perception. Subjects are presented with pairs of tones and are asked to indicate whether they sounded the same or different.\r\n\r\nSource: http://davidileitman.com/tone-matching-task/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24164
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c2d8d7b1d",
"name": "Deviance Detection",
"definition_text": "Detect the change in sound from one stimulus to another",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24165
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c329eb334",
"name": "Regularity and Change Detection",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24166
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c3eaa3fb7",
"name": "Speech Detection",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24167
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c4bb1d1ee",
"name": "Bistability",
"definition_text": "When viewing an image with multiple interpretations, subjective perception alternates stochastically between the different interpretations.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24168
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c5f2ad56f",
"name": "Tone Detection (JND)",
"definition_text": "just-noticeable difference or JND is the amount something must be changed in order for a difference to be noticeable, detectable at least half the time",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24169
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c7f17de9f",
"name": "Vernier discrimination task",
"definition_text": "observers judge whether one line is displaced above or below a second line",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24170
},
{
"id": "trm_5519c85ed1e8d",
"name": "contour integration task",
"definition_text": "observers are asked to detect the presence of a contour of Gabor elements embedded in a background of similar but otherwise unrelated elements",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24171
},
{
"id": "trm_551b05e03be48",
"name": "perceptual closure task",
"definition_text": "the ability to form coherent mental pictures with very little visual information. Perceptual closure is a process whereby an incomplete stimulus is perceived to be complete.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24172
},
{
"id": "trm_551b06cf9783b",
"name": "Parallel/serial search",
"definition_text": "In a serial search, you look at one item at a time, and respond as soon as you see a target. In a parallel search, you look at multiple items at a time and the relevant aspect of the target can be detected quickly regardless of how many distractors there are.",
"alias": "Visual search task",
"ID(c)": 24173
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0bb59173d",
"name": "contour interpolation task",
"definition_text": "Contour interpolation mechanisms allow perception of bounded objects despite incomplete edge information. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24174
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0c0a742d2",
"name": "lateral facilitation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24175
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0c616de16",
"name": "coherent motion",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24176
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0cdcde976",
"name": "multistability",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24177
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0d687ee33",
"name": "figure ground task",
"definition_text": "find the figure that is embedded in the background, ignoring the background",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24178
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0dc4e4359",
"name": "visual illusion susceptibility",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24179
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0e17c6c76",
"name": "cross modality",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24180
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0e6b88363",
"name": "perceptual organization",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24181
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0ee81fb6b",
"name": "object perception task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24182
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0f2b930ab",
"name": "object recognition task",
"definition_text": "Object recognition is the ability to perceive an objectâs physical properties (such as shape, colour and texture) and apply semantic attributes to the object, which includes the understanding of its use, previous experience with the object and how it relates to others.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24183
},
{
"id": "trm_551b0fd03d7d8",
"name": "retinotopic representation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24184
},
{
"id": "trm_551b1004bc652",
"name": "local computation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24185
},
{
"id": "trm_551b107c5c111",
"name": "object classification",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24186
},
{
"id": "trm_551b1460e89a3",
"name": "auditory scene perception",
"definition_text": "Any task that requires the perception of complex auditory stimuli, such as music",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24187
},
{
"id": "trm_551b14d7d5882",
"name": "gating",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24188
},
{
"id": "trm_551b153bc78fc",
"name": "self monitoring task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24189
},
{
"id": "trm_551b15af981c6",
"name": "action-perception loop",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24190
},
{
"id": "trm_551b17b190582",
"name": "intensity for somatosensory stimulation",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24191
},
{
"id": "trm_551b1b6f6a262",
"name": "auditory masking task",
"definition_text": "Auditory masking occurs when the perception of one sound is affected by the presence of another sound.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24192
},
{
"id": "trm_551efd39a74dd",
"name": "Re-entrant processing",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24193
},
{
"id": "trm_551efd8a98162",
"name": "emotion expression identification",
"definition_text": "participants are presented with faces whose expressions slowly change from neutral to full intensity",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24194
},
{
"id": "trm_551efdcd10677",
"name": "contrast sensitivity test",
"definition_text": "A contrast sensitivity test measures your ability to distinguish between finer and finer increments of light versus dark (contrast).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24195
},
{
"id": "trm_551efdfd1a356",
"name": "Face Identification task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24196
},
{
"id": "trm_551efeacb9deb",
"name": "Manipulation of ISI",
"definition_text": "The interstimulus interval (ISI) is the temporal interval between the offset of one stimulus to the onset of another",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24197
},
{
"id": "trm_551eff0fdab74",
"name": "Novelty detection task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24198
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0634b2607",
"name": "Spatial cuing paradigm",
"definition_text": "spatial cueing task has been used to measure manual and eye-movement reaction times to target stimuli in order to investigate the effects of covert orienting of attention in response to different cue conditions.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24199
},
{
"id": "trm_551f06a08dcc4",
"name": "attentional blink paradigm",
"definition_text": "Attentional blink is a phenomenon observed in rapid serial visual presentation. When presented with a sequence of visual stimuli in rapid succession at the same spatial location on a screen, a participant will often fail to detect a second salient target occurring in succession if it is presented between 180-450 ms after the first one. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24200
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0713a5a17",
"name": "Inter-modal selective attention task",
"definition_text": "subjects attend selectively to auditory or visual stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24201
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0757982bc",
"name": "Blocked channel-selection task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24202
},
{
"id": "trm_551f07a281283",
"name": "Distraction paradigm (capture)",
"definition_text": "-",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24203
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0857e1db8",
"name": "ANT task",
"definition_text": "The ANT is a task designed to test three attentional networks in children and adults: alerting, orienting, and executive control. Efficiency of the alerting network is examined by changes in reaction time resulting from a warning signal. Efficiency of orienting is examined by changes in the reaction time that accompany cues indicating where the target will occur. The efficiency of the executive network is examined by requiring the participant to respond by pressing two keys indicating the direction (left or right) of a central arrow surrounded by congruent, incongruent or neutral flankers.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24204
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0a8b5ba2c",
"name": "Sternberg Item Recognition Task",
"definition_text": "is a working memory task requiring participants to first encode a set of digits (encode-phase) and then to maintain them âon-lineâ in WM while responding to each of the probe digits that follow by indicating whether or not it was a member of the memorized set (probe-phase).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24205
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0b18d7ca0",
"name": "Running Memory",
"definition_text": "in running memory task , a list ends unpredictably and the last few items are to be recalled.",
"alias": "running memory span task",
"ID(c)": 24206
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0b9654d23",
"name": "Simple span task",
"definition_text": "The test begins with two to three numbers, increasing until the person commits errors. At the end of a sequence, the person being tested is asked to recall the items in order.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24207
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0c294ce23",
"name": "Continuous Performance Test - AX version",
"definition_text": "A version of the continuous performance task in which subjects are told to make one response for the letter X when it was preceded by the letter A, and another response for all other stimuli. AX trials are "target trials"; in these types of trials a valid cue is followed by a valid probe. The 3 other trial types are "Non-target trials" in which either a valid cue is followed by an invalid probe ("AY" type trials) or an invalid cue is followed by either a valid or invalid probe ("BX" or "BY" probes, respectively).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24208
},
{
"id": "trm_551f0cc82ed49",
"name": "Sequence encoding",
"definition_text": "test the ability to encode a sequence of letters or words into memory in the presence or absence of distractors",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24209
},
{
"id": "trm_551f103b3edeb",
"name": "Sequence reproduction",
"definition_text": "requires tapping keys as rapidly and as accurately as possible to reproduce different finger movement sequences demonstrated on a visual display panel.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24210
},
{
"id": "trm_551f1491a2fe8",
"name": "Transitive inference task",
"definition_text": "Transitive inference is a form of inferential reasoning. For example, if A > B and B > C and C > D and D > E, then it can be concluded without being told than B > D. "greater than (>)" can be replaced with any other (supposedly) transitive relation, such as "better than" or "darker-colored than".",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24211
},
{
"id": "trm_551f151f7347e",
"name": "acquired equivalence",
"definition_text": "Acquired equivalence is a paradigm in which generalization is increased between two superficially dissimilar stimuli (or antecedents) that have previously been associated with similar outcomes (or consequents).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24212
},
{
"id": "trm_552174863d51e",
"name": "Naming tasks",
"definition_text": "Tests ability to retrieve words ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24213
},
{
"id": "trm_552174d3b61fb",
"name": "Verbal description of visual depiction",
"definition_text": "Verbal descriptions of visual depictions of events and states",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24214
},
{
"id": "trm_5521752956bb2",
"name": "Corpus analysis",
"definition_text": "Linguistic corpus-based analysis of language output",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24215
},
{
"id": "trm_55217860a9dea",
"name": "Coherent/Incoherent discourse distinction task",
"definition_text": "Measures ability to distinguish between coherent and incoherent sentences and discourse",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24216
},
{
"id": "trm_55217a446eb3b",
"name": "Discourse content questions",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24217
},
{
"id": "trm_55217a9f473f0",
"name": "Listening and reading task",
"definition_text": "Listening and reading times to critical words and regions in linguistic input",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24218
},
{
"id": "trm_55217b48995ce",
"name": "Eye tracking paradigms",
"definition_text": "Patterns of eye movements to critical words and regions in linguistic input",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24219
},
{
"id": "trm_55217bd86ee12",
"name": "Mouse tracking paradigms",
"definition_text": "Patterns of motor movements to critical words and regions in linguistic input",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24220
},
{
"id": "trm_55217c8179b00",
"name": "Visual world paradigm",
"definition_text": "Patterns of eye movements to non-verbal visual stimuli during spoken language comprehension",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24221
},
{
"id": "trm_55217d7fbfdba",
"name": "Manipulation of predictability and acceptability",
"definition_text": "Manipulations of predictability and acceptability, at different levels of representation, in a linguistic input.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24222
},
{
"id": "trm_55217e77441b0",
"name": "Manipulation of language and non-verbal behaviors",
"definition_text": "Experimental manipulations of relationships between language and non-verbal behaviors",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24223
},
{
"id": "trm_5521807e50549",
"name": "Sentence/discourse content test",
"definition_text": "Measures the ability to answer questions about the content of sentences and discourse",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24224
},
{
"id": "trm_55218116cbf40",
"name": "Manipulation of individual words",
"definition_text": "Experimental manipulations of different types of relationships between individual words in priming paradigms",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24225
},
{
"id": "trm_552181d7be45e",
"name": "Manipulation of coherence and cohesion",
"definition_text": "Experimental manipulations of different types of coherence and cohesion between clauses in discourse",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24226
},
{
"id": "trm_552184243d7ab",
"name": "Surface properties of object paradigms",
"definition_text": "For intermediate vision, nonlocal properties of images, transformations beyond retinotopic representations (e.g., surface properties of the object independent of light, head position)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24227
},
{
"id": "trm_55218536d1710",
"name": "Time-series of response time",
"definition_text": "To extract variability and frequency domain analysis",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24228
},
{
"id": "trm_55295382db2c5",
"name": "non-spatial cuing paradigm",
"definition_text": "Unlike in spatial cuing task where left, right, up, down arrows shows the direction to which the stimuli appear, in non-spatial cuing task the directions right, left, up, and down are replaced by the words e.g., quick, slow, good, and bad avoiding providing spatial cues to the stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24229
},
{
"id": "trm_5535623c2536a",
"name": "Muller-Lyer Illusion",
"definition_text": "An optical illusion consisting of a stylized arrow. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24230
},
{
"id": "trm_5536be03400e7",
"name": "Motion processing",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24231
},
{
"id": "trm_553e6b8e33da4",
"name": "predictive-inference helicopter task",
"definition_text": "This task involves repeatedly predicting the next in a sequence of numbers. The inference problem is embedded in a cover task in which the number corresponded to the horizontal position at which a bag of money would drop from a helicopter concealed behind clouds. The objective is to catch coins in a bucket by predicting where the bag lands, and this is equivalent to inferring the generative mean (i.e., the position of the helicopter) and centering the bucket at that position. Learning rate can be measured by the shift in the participant's prediction and the prediction error. \r\n\r\nThe description above, as well as full details of the task: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627314009118#sec4",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24232
},
{
"id": "trm_553e73e29cf7d",
"name": "contextual semantic priming task",
"definition_text": "This task presents blocks of fixation and words, with the words varying in the degree to which they are predictable (given the context of the previous words). On each trial, a fixation cross is presented followed by a visual prompt (asterisk) and a sequence of five centrally presented words (in lower case). The experimental variable is the predictability of the terminal, target word, represented in four conditions (Congruent == highly predictable,Incongruent == target word is highly predictable, but the prediction was violated by presenting a terminal word that was inappropriate given the context, Scrambled == initial four words did not establish a context for a grammatical sentence and the target word was not predictable, and Letter String == meaningless letter strings of identical consonants as a control). After presentation of the target word, the participant is asked if the sentence is meaningful. The above description was derived from (and full details are available) here: http://www.jneurosci.org/content/34/8/2871.full",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24233
},
{
"id": "trm_553e77887abc7",
"name": "Becker-Degroot-Marschak (BDM) procedure",
"definition_text": "This is an economics-derived task that broadly measures willingness to pay (WTP). Implementations generally involve the participant formulating a bid, and comparing the bid to a randomly generated price. If bid > price, the participant pays the price and receives the item. If bid ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24234
},
{
"id": "trm_553e77e53497d",
"name": "cue approach task",
"definition_text": "This task is a type of cue-approach training in which participants observe images of individual food items presented for 1 s and are instructed to press a button as fast as possible (before the image disappears) only when they hear a tone (i.e., Go trials). There is no feedback to the participants regarding the success of the button press in the allotted time window. Full details can be read about: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n4/full/nn.3673.html",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24235
},
{
"id": "trm_553e85265f51e",
"name": "functional localizer fMRI tasks",
"definition_text": "This is a simple and fast acquisition procedure based on a 5-minute functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence that can be run as easily and as systematically as an anatomical scan. This protocol captures the cerebral bases of auditory and visual perception, motor actions, reading, language comprehension and mental calculation at an individual level. Individual functional maps are reliable and quite precise. This description, and full details are available at: http://www.unicog.org/pm/pmwiki.php/Site/FunctionalLocalizer",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24236
},
{
"id": "trm_553e8882e3cb6",
"name": "Ultimatum Game (UG)",
"definition_text": "A social interactive bargaining task that measures social preferences via the degree to which participants accept unfair and unequal offers. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimatum_game",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24237
},
{
"id": "trm_553e88a66b676",
"name": "social bargaining fMRI task",
"definition_text": "This is an instantiation of the Ultimatum Game (UG) in fMRI. In this game, a proposer is charged with splitting a sum of money with a partner. The responder decides either to accept or reject this proposed offer. If accepted, the money is split as suggested, but if rejected then neither player receives anything. The parterns can be a combination of real people, computers. Offers are preceded by a picture of the partner for that round, and partner pictures are randomly paired to an offer amount. Full details of the task are available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3594719/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24238
},
{
"id": "trm_553eb28436233",
"name": "multi-attribute reward-guided decision task",
"definition_text": "Participants are trained on the relative likelihood of receiving a reward on a set of images,"stimuli," and a set of button presses, "actions," and learn action-reward probabilities and stimulus-reward probabilities (pS) separately by performing pairwise choices between two randomly selected alternatives from each set. Choosing the better or worse of the two options gives positive or negative feedback (smiley and sad faces). For the actual task, participants performed a three-option choice task in which each option comprised one previously learned stimulus and one previously learned action. They are instructed to weight stimulus and action information equally on each trial and select the best option to obtain points that subsequently converted into monetary reward. This summarized text, and full details are available: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n11/full/nn.3836.html#f1 ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24239
},
{
"id": "trm_553eb45e2b709",
"name": "social judgment of faces task",
"definition_text": "This task aims to measure social judgment in the domains of trustiness, attractiveness, happiness, and cognitive age. Participants are shown pictures of human faces, are required to compare the face pair based on 4 different questions: â(Who do you regard as) More trustworthy?,â âMore attractive?,â âHappier?,â and âOlder?.â",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24240
},
{
"id": "trm_553ebfc390256",
"name": "perceptual discrimination task",
"definition_text": "Participants are asked to distinguish a gabor display that is "popping out" from one that is not, and rate their confidence on the decision on a scale of 1 (low confidence) to 6 (high confidence). Full details are available: http://www.jneurosci.org/content/33/42/16657.full#F1",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24241
},
{
"id": "trm_553ec40d44c51",
"name": "Numerical Working Memory Task",
"definition_text": "a sequence of numeric stimuli was encoded and participants were intermittently probed regarding the parity of the prior stimulus.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24242
},
{
"id": "trm_553ec64e6cb1b",
"name": "associative memory encoding task",
"definition_text": "Broadly, participants are taught to visually identify a facial feature or face, link a phonological cue or name to that feature or face, and either recall the associated name/cue or recognize it from a list\r\n\r\nSpecifically, this is an associative memory encoding task for which participants are asked to remember names paired with pictures of faces, and rate their confidence on the assertion.",
"alias": "declarative memory encoding task",
"ID(c)": 24243
},
{
"id": "trm_553fbba5d5327",
"name": "Object Rating Task",
"definition_text": "Any task where participants are asked to evaluate preferences for one or more stimuli on a scale.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24244
},
{
"id": "trm_553fbbf79ebc5",
"name": "social influence for food preferences task",
"definition_text": "This task assesses the impact of social influence on ratings for healthy and unhealthy foods. Participants are shown images of foods, and asked to rate how much they would like to eat each food on a scale [1,8]. Participants are then shown an "average" rating from their peers that will either be much lower, higher, or the same, and this procedure is followed by another block to ask participants to re-evaluate foods after exposure to the peer ratings. Paper is available at: http://ssnl.stanford.edu/publications (Social norms shift behavioral and neural responses to foods. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24245
},
{
"id": "trm_553fd2fc7a648",
"name": "complex trait judgment task",
"definition_text": "This task aims to measure judgment in the domains of trustworthiness (social), attractiveness (social), happiness (affective), and cognitive age (cognitive). Participants are presented with stimuli are required to evaluate each voice based on 4 different questions: â(Who do you regard as) More trustworthy?,â âMore attractive?,â âHappier?,â and âOlder?.â Judgments may be made based on stimuli including voices, faces, or other characteristics.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24246
},
{
"id": "trm_553fc63a54ae6",
"name": "motion discrimination task",
"definition_text": "any task for which a participant views stimuli with some proportion moving in a particular direction and must decide the direction the stimuli is moving in",
"alias": "direction discrimination task",
"ID(c)": 24247
},
{
"id": "trm_553fc858cacc5",
"name": "consensus decision-making task",
"definition_text": "A participant must come to consensus with a set of other participants on a choice between two items. If consensus is reached, the item is obtained and the next block begins. If consensus is not reached, the next trial contains the same choice. If consensus is not reached by the end of the block, no item is gained. The experiment uses actual people, and the control condition uses has th participant interacting with a computer algorithm. Full details: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627315002159",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24248
},
{
"id": "trm_553fcbbe974ba",
"name": "stop signal walking task with stroop",
"definition_text": "Participants walk around a virtual reality environment controlled by a foot pedal and must respond to STOP and WALK commands. In a low cognitive load condition, participants respond to these commands verbatim. In a high cognitive load condition, participants are presented with stroop stimuli, and congruent words == WALK, and incongruent words == STOP. Full details: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0052602",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24249
},
{
"id": "trm_553fce5d21da7",
"name": "Bistable percept paradigm",
"definition_text": "a computer-based task that requires participants to evaluate a battery of monochromatic âmonostableâ and âbistableâ percepts and impaired performance on this task distinguishes those PD patients who experience VH. From: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hbm.22321/full",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24250
},
{
"id": "trm_55492d262a847",
"name": "Manipulation of predictability",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24251
},
{
"id": "trm_5550e5011ce10",
"name": "audio narrative",
"definition_text": "Audio narratives tell stories through sound alone: narration, interviews, live and archival sound recordings, environmental soundscapes, sound effects, found sounds, etc. Audio narratives use storytelling along with other audio means to create intimate experiences through characters, plot, and setting.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24252
},
{
"id": "trm_5585c83d15fad",
"name": "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index",
"definition_text": "The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a self-rated questionnaire which assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month time interval. Nineteen individual items generate seven "component" scores: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of scores for these seven components yields one global score.\r\n\r\nfrom http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2748771",
"alias": "PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire",
"ID(c)": 24253
},
{
"id": "trm_5586ff878155d",
"name": "Adult ADHD Clinical Diagnostic Scale",
"definition_text": "A primary diagnostic measure developed to establish the presence of current adult symptoms of ADHD. This is an 18-item, clinician-based, semistructured interview hat employs adult-specific language to ensure adequate probing of adult manifestations of ADHD symptoms. The 18 items in the scale correspond to the 18 diagnostic criteria in the DSM criteria.\r\n\r\nFrom: http://www.adhdandyou.com/hcp/adult-adhd-screening.aspx",
"alias": "ACDS",
"ID(c)": 24254
},
{
"id": "trm_558702243da12",
"name": "Young Mania Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "The Young Mania Rating Scale is an eleven-item, multiple-choice diagnostic questionnaire that psychiatrists use to measure the severity of manic episodes in patients. The scale was originally developed for use in the evaluation of adult patients who were suffering from bipolar disorder, but has since been modified for use in pediatric patients. A similar scale was then developed to allow clinicians to interview parents about their children's symptoms, in order to ascertain a better diagnosis of mania in children. Clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the parent version of the scale.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Mania_Rating_Scale",
"alias": "YMRS",
"ID(c)": 24255
},
{
"id": "trm_558c324478d22",
"name": "Multi-class n-back task",
"definition_text": "An n-back task including faces, scenes, and chinese characters as stimuli",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24256
},
{
"id": "trm_558c3350c6a9f",
"name": "Stop signal task with dot motion discrimination",
"definition_text": "A stop signal task in which the primary task is a dot motion discrimination task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24257
},
{
"id": "trm_558c33e7714ba",
"name": "multi-object localizer task",
"definition_text": "A task involving presentation of multiple classes of visual objects, meant to localize category-specific regions of visual cortex. The subject monitors for a target (red dot) and responds when target appears.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24258
},
{
"id": "trm_558c35979a284",
"name": "Sentence/nonword language localizer",
"definition_text": "A task in which strings of stimuli (either sentences or strings of nonwords) are presented, followed by a probe on which the subject responds whether the probe item was present in the string of stimuli.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24259
},
{
"id": "trm_558c36935a0e9",
"name": "spatial working memory localizer task",
"definition_text": "A task in which targets are presented on a spatial grid, followed by a probe in which the subject must choose between two spatial layouts, one of which matches the locations presented in the initial set.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24260
},
{
"id": "trm_558c4d3105abf",
"name": "retinotopic mapping task",
"definition_text": "The subject is presented with stimuli including rotating wedges and expanding/contracting rings, while maintaining fixation and performing a target detection task for an eccentric target.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24261
},
{
"id": "trm_559e2af1cc0ce",
"name": "Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for Depression",
"definition_text": "The Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for Depression is a multiple item questionnaire used to provide an indication of depression, and as a guide to evaluate recovery. It was originally published in 1960 by Max Hamilton and revised it in 1966, 1967, 1969, and 1980. The questionnaire is designed for adults and is used to rate the severity of their depression by probing mood, feelings of guilt, suicide ideation, insomnia, agitation or retardation, anxiety, weight loss, and somatic symptoms.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton_Rating_Scale_for_Depression",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24262
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a36d9c3f9",
"name": "Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms",
"definition_text": "The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) is a rating scale to measure negative symptoms in schizophrenia. The scale was developed by Nancy Andreasen and was first published in 1984. SANS is split into 5 domains, and within each domain separate symptoms are rated from 0 (absent) to 5 (severe). The scale is closely linked to the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) which was published a few years later.\r\n\r\nFrom https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_for_the_Assessment_of_Negative_Symptoms",
"alias": "SANS",
"ID(c)": 24263
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a52537c2b",
"name": "Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale",
"definition_text": "The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) is rating scale which a clinician or researcher may use to measure psychiatric symptoms such as depression, anxiety, hallucinations and unusual behaviour.[1] Each symptom is rated 1-7 and depending on the version between a total of 18-24 symptoms are scored. The scale is the one of the oldest, widely used scales to measure psychotic symptoms and was first published in 1962.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brief_Psychiatric_Rating_Scale",
"alias": "BPRS",
"ID(c)": 24264
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a79b55c8b",
"name": "Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale",
"definition_text": "The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Symptom Checklist is a self-reported questionnaire used to assist in the diagnosis of adult ADHD.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_ADHD_Self-Report_Scale",
"alias": "ASRS",
"ID(c)": 24265
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a860a7088",
"name": "Hopkins Symptom Checklist",
"definition_text": "The Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL) is a well-known and widely used screening instrument whose history dates from the 1950s. It was originally designed by Parloff, Kelman, and Frank at Johns Hopkins University. The HSCL-25 is a symptom inventory which measures symptoms of anxiety and depression.\r\n\r\nhttp://hprt-cambridge.org/screening/hopkins-symptom-checklist/",
"alias": "HOPKINS, HSCL",
"ID(c)": 24266
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a8e81b7f4",
"name": "Barratt Impulsiveness Scale",
"definition_text": "The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) is a widely used measure of impulsiveness. It includes 30 items that are scored to yield six first-order factors (attention, motor, self-control, cognitive complexity, perseverance, and cognitive instability impulsiveness) and three second-order factors (attentional, motor, and non-planning impulsiveness).\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barratt_Impulsiveness_Scale",
"alias": "BIS",
"ID(c)": 24267
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6a95f66508",
"name": "Dickman Impulsivity Inventory",
"definition_text": "The Dickman Inventory classifies impulsivity into functional and dysfunctional categories. Dysfunctional impulsivity is a type of impulsivity that is associated with a tendency to make quick decisions when this type of decision-making is non-optimal. This differs from functional impulsivity which is a tendency to make quick decisions where this is optimal. As dysfunctional impulsivity is often associated with a failure to consider the consequences of oneâs behavior, it can often lead to life difficulties.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysfunctional_impulsivity",
"alias": "DICK",
"ID(c)": 24268
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6aa62c54f8",
"name": "Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) is a personality test meant to measure normal personality developed by Auke Tellegen in 1982. It is currently sold by the University of Minnesota Press.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multidimensional_Personality_Questionnaire",
"alias": "MPQ",
"ID(c)": 24269
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6ae8f44ac3",
"name": "Eysenck Personality Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "In psychology, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) is a questionnaire to assess the personality traits of a person, with the result sometimes referred to as the Eysenck's personality Inventory or (EPI).\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eysenck_Personality_Questionnaire\r\n\r\nEysenck Personality Questionnaire",
"alias": "EPQ, EPI",
"ID(c)": 24270
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6c80b2c1d6",
"name": "Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory",
"definition_text": "The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is the most widely used and researched standardized psychometric test of adult personality and psychopathology. Psychologists and other mental health professionals use various versions of the MMPI to develop treatment plans; assist with differential diagnosis; help answer legal questions (forensic psychology); screen job candidates during the personnel selection process; or as part of a therapeutic assessment procedure.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota_Multiphasic_Personality_Inventory",
"alias": "MMPI",
"ID(c)": 24271
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6c92db12b0",
"name": "Hypomanic Personality Scale",
"definition_text": "The Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS) was designed to measure a predispositional personality style to bipolar disorder.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25156658",
"alias": "HPS",
"ID(c)": 24272
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c570473d3",
"name": "Chapman Magical Ideation Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses erroneous beliefs that are based in magical thinking (e.g., âI have occasionally had the silly feeling that a TV or radio broadcaster knew I was listening to him.â). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24273
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6cb4f951ea",
"name": "Temperament and Character Inventory",
"definition_text": "The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is an inventory for personality traits devised by Cloninger et al. It is closely related to and an outgrowth of the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), and it has also been related to the dimensions of personality in Zuckerman's alternative five and Eysenck's models and those of the Five Factor Model.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperament_and_Character_Inventory",
"alias": "TCI",
"ID(c)": 24274
},
{
"id": "trm_55a6cffbcb5f7",
"name": "Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms",
"definition_text": "The Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) is a rating scale to measure positive symptoms in schizophrenia. The scale was developed by Nancy Andreasen and was first published in 1984. SAPS is split into 4 domains, and within each domain separate symptoms are rated from 0 (absent) to 5 (severe). The scale is closely linked to the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) which was published a few years earlier.\r\n\r\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_for_the_Assessment_of_Positive_Symptoms",
"alias": "SAPS",
"ID(c)": 24275
},
{
"id": "trm_5696a599bfcb6",
"name": "Bickel Titrator",
"definition_text": "A task that adjusts delay across a series of delay discounting trials, while holding the later amounts constant. This determines the Effective Delay 50(ED50), a delay period that results in the smaller immediate reward having the same value as a larger later reward.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24276
},
{
"id": "trm_55c686e0824e8",
"name": "Single item food choice task",
"definition_text": "A task in which subjects decide for several (snack) foods, sequentially, whether they would like to eat them. In order to make the choices realistic, participants are instructed that one of the trials counts for real and that they actually receive a portion of the snack chosen in that trial at the end of the study session.\r\n\r\nIn every trial, they view one of the study stimuli (3000 ms, choice period) and subsequently indicate with a button press (1500 ms, button press period) whether they want to eat a portion of the snack or not. During the button press period the words âyesâ and ânoâ are shown left/right (randomized) on the screen. After indicating their choice, a yellow box appears around the yes or no. Participants are instructed to make their choice already during the period that the image was shown. To ensure that choices are made in direct response to the food pictures, the button press period was so short that it only allows them to locate whether they have to push the left or right button. The choice trials are interspersed with a random interval (between 2000 and 5000 ms). At the beginning, halfway (after 50 trials) and at the end an additional baseline period of 30 s is included in the task (fixation cross). \r\n\r\nThe visual stimuli consist of 100 pictures of regularly available snack foods on plates with a grey background: 50 high energy (HE) foods (energy content in kcal/100gram: M = 419, SD = 103) and 50 low energy (LE) foods (M = 56, SD = 37). Examples of HE snacks were crisps, cookies, cakes and candies. Examples of LE snacks were grapes, apples, bananas and mixed snack salads. The standardized image set can be downloaded from: http://nutritionalneuroscience.isi.uu.nl/index.php/32\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24277
},
{
"id": "trm_55c691909c580",
"name": "Two item food choice task",
"definition_text": "In this task, subjects decide for a series of binary food choice options which of the two they would like to eat. In populations with weight-concerned and dieting subjects this task is employed to investigate aspects of food-related self-control. It has also been employed in general population and non-dieters (e.g., Charbonnier et al., 2015) in a slightly adapted forms. Here the implementation of Van der Laan (2014) is described. \r\n\r\nIn the food choice task, participants make a total of 100 choices. In every trial, a high energy (HE) (energy content in kcal/100 gram: M = 419, SD = 103) and a low energy (LE) (M = 56, SD = 37) snack are shown side by side. Participants have 3000 ms to indicate which of the two products they would most like to eat a portion of by pushing the left or right but ton of a button box. After indicating their choice, a yellow box appears around the chosen product for 500 ms. The trials are interspersed with a random interval between 2000 and 5000 ms.\r\n\r\nTo investigate response conflict during food choice participants are required to choose between pairs of HE and LE snacks matched such (on the basis of their own tastiness ratings given in the first session) that either a self-control dilemma was posed or not. In half of the trials, LE snacks are combined with HE snacks rated two or three points higher on tastiness (Self-Control required(SC)trials), posing a self-control dilemma concerning the trade-off between immediate eating enjoyment (choosing the appealing HE snack) and weight-watching intentions (choosing the less appealing LE snack). In the other half of the trials, the LE and HE snacks are matched on tastiness (equal or ±1 point in tastiness rating; No Self-Control required (NSC) trials), such that no trade-off between eating enjoyment and weight watching intentions is needed to choose the long-term superior LE snack.\r\n\r\nThe visual stimuli consist of 100 pictures of regularly available snack foods on plates with a grey background: 50 high energy (HE) foods (energy content in kcal/100gram: M = 419, SD = 103) and 50 low energy (LE) foods (M = 56, SD = 37). Examples of HE snacks were crisps, cookies, cakes and candies. Examples of LE snacks were grapes, apples, bananas and mixed snack salads. The standardized image set can be downloaded from: http://nutritionalneuroscience.isi.uu.nl/index.php/32\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24278
},
{
"id": "trm_566745bbf272a",
"name": "task switching (3x2)",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a task cue followed by a colored number (1-9 excluding 5 in orange or blue). The task cue indicates whether to respond to the colored number based on parity (odd-even), magnitude (higher-lower than 5) or color (orange-blue). There are three different tasks, and each task has two task cues that evoke the task action. For example, the task cue could be either parity or odd-even. Both of these task cues indicate that the subject should judge the subsequent colored number based on whether it is an odd or even number. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24279
},
{
"id": "trm_5667476fc14dd",
"name": "Inter-dimensional/Extra-dimensional Shift Task",
"definition_text": "A combination of the intradimensional task and extradimensional task. Subjects are presented with two compound stimuli, each composed of a 'line stimulus" and a "shape stimulus". Thus the stimuli are multi-dimensional, in that they are composed of two separable features (line and shape). There are 8 different âlinesâ, and 8 different âshapesâ. Subjects are told to choose between the two stimuli, and receive feedback on their choices. The correct choice depends upon the current target, where the target can take on any one of the 8 âlinesâ or 8 âshapesâ. The current target shifts after several trials. This allows for an inter-dimensional shift, where the subject learns the new correct target within the same dimension (old target: âline 1â, new target âline 2â) or for an extra-dimensional shift, where the subject learns the new target outside of the old dimension (old target: âline 1â new target: âshape 2â).",
"alias": "IDED, IDED+reversal",
"ID(c)": 24280
},
{
"id": "trm_566747c3d757f",
"name": "Dimensions task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with three three-dimensional (e.g., color, texture, shape) stimuli. Each dimension has three exemplars so all exemplars are on the screen at any time. One dimension (e.g., color) determines reward, and one exemplar in this dimension (e.g. "red") has a higher probability of reward than the others (75% vs. 25%). If rewarded, the subject earns 1 point (the subject is instructed to maximize points). After 15-25 trials the relevant dimension and higher probability feature is switched. This switch is either signaled to the participant (in most versions so far) or not (in one paper).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24281
},
{
"id": "trm_5667483dcc371",
"name": "Probabilistic Selection Task",
"definition_text": "The probabilistic selection task assesses whether participants learn better from positive or negative reinforcement. The subject is instructed to choose between abstract stimuli via key press. The task is composed of two phases. During the first phase, subjects learn to associate 6 abstract visual stimuli with different reward probabilities (e.g., stim 1= 80%, stim 2 = 70%, stim 3= 60%, stim 4= 40%, stim 5 = 30%, stim 6= 20%). In phase 1, the various stimuli are always presented in pairs, where the sum of the two reward probabilities associated with each stimuli equal 100%. For example, stim 1 will always be paired with stim 6 (80%+20%=100%). Subjects eventually learn that for each pair, choosing one stimuli over the other results in more reward (80%>20%). The subject is tested on this association in phase two. During phase two, the subject must decide between novel combinations of stimuli. Each stimuli is presented with the remaining four stimuli that it was not paired with in phase 1. For example, stim1 (80%) can be paired with either stim2(70%), stim3(60%), stim4(40%), or stim5(30%), but not with itself or with the stimuli it was associated with during phase 1, stim6 (20%). Subjects are instructed to win as many points as possible. There is no feedback given during the second phase.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24282
},
{
"id": "trm_5667488d52ccc",
"name": "Angling Risk Task",
"definition_text": "In this task subjects "fish" in rounds trying to accumulate as much money as possible. If they catch a red fish, they earn .05 cents. However, if they catch a blue fish they lose all the money earned on that round. They are able to stop any round at any time to collect that round's earnings into their "tournament bank". There is one blue fish and many red fish. The subjects complete 4 tournaments of 30 rounds each. The tournaments differ in their weather condition: Sunny (subjects can see/know how many red/blue fish are in the pond) and cloudy (subjects cannot see the fish) and release law: catch N Keep (probability of catching a red fish goes down as they are taken out of the pond) and catch N Release (probability stays constant). ",
"alias": "ART",
"ID(c)": 24283
},
{
"id": "trm_566748c929afc",
"name": "Delay Discounting Titration",
"definition_text": "Subjects must choose between sooner but smaller rewards versus larger but later rewards. This task differs from the preceding Kirby Delay Discounting Task in two ways, 1) the smaller reward will not always be immediate and 2) the reward amounts will be chosen randomly from a uniform distribution of a given interval. This allows for the estimation of a subjectsâ discount rate and for the comparison of different model fits of discounting behavior.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24284
},
{
"id": "trm_5667492c555b7",
"name": "Columbia Card Task",
"definition_text": "This task is composed of two conditions: hot and cold, with 27 rounds in each condition. In each round subjects are presented with 32 cards; some are gain cards, some are loss cards. Subjects are told how many points a gain card is worth, how many points a loss card costs, and how many loss cards there are in a round. Each round ends when a loss card is turned. In the cold version subjects choose how many cards they want to turn but don't see the result for the round until the end. In the hot version subjects click and turn each card themselves and sees their earning for that round. In both conditions, subjects see their final score at the end of 27 rounds. ",
"alias": "CCT",
"ID(c)": 24285
},
{
"id": "trm_56674987c8f0c",
"name": "Sternberg Recent Probes",
"definition_text": "Subjects will be asked to remember a training set of 6 stimuli. After a delay interval, subjects are probed with a single stimulus. Via key press, subjects will be instructed to give one response if the probe was part of the training set for that trial and a different response if the probe was not part of the training set for that trial. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24286
},
{
"id": "trm_56674c7c2fa4f",
"name": "Sternberg Directed Forgetting",
"definition_text": "Subjects will be asked to remember 6 letters presented in a 2x3 matrix. Each trial begins with a central fixation point followed by the training set of 6 letters to remember, followed by a retention interval. After the retention interval, subjects are presented with a cue, either TOP or BOT, which instructs the participant to forget the 3 letters presented in the cued location (forget set). The remaining 3 letters consist of the memory set. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24287
},
{
"id": "trm_56674d6aa9faf",
"name": "Dietary Decisions Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects rate 50 items on a five point scale separately for health and for tastiness. A reference item for health and tastiness, rated neutrally previously on both scales, is chosen for each subject. In stage 3 they are first presented with this reference item and told to choose between the other food items and the reference item. Participants are grouped as self-controllers or non-self-controllers depending on whether they choose the items in stage 3 based upon health or taste, respectively. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24288
},
{
"id": "trm_56674e49d15e9",
"name": "Adaptation of marshmellow test",
"definition_text": "Subjects are told that they have 10 minutes to gain as much money as possible by selling tokens and to adopt any strategy that they prefer. Each trial begins with a circular token (green or purple) at the center of the screen. After a random delay, the token turns blue and its value changes from 0 cents to 30 cents. A white progress bar marks the amount of time the current token had been on the screen, with a maximum length corresponding to 100seconds. Participants could sell the token at anytime by pressing a key. Subjects were explicitly instructed that the green and purple tokens might differ in their timing, and to learn the nature of the differences from direct experience. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24289
},
{
"id": "trm_56674f71483b0",
"name": "Holt and Laury Risk Titrator",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a series of paired lottery choices. For example subjects choose between option A that is a lottery that wins $2 with probability 0.1 and $1.6 with probability 0.9 (safe bet) and option B that is a lottery that wins $3.85 with probability 0.1 and $0.1 with probability 0.9 (risky bet). The paired lottery choices are structured so that the crossover point to the high-risk lottery can be used to infer the degree of risk aversion. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24290
},
{
"id": "trm_56675359b663a",
"name": "Cognitive Reflection Test",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with three questions. These questions at first glance are relatively easy and intuitive. However in order to solve the problem correctly, subjects must correctly inhibit the intuitive/impulsive answer.",
"alias": "CRT",
"ID(c)": 24291
},
{
"id": "trm_566db10532583",
"name": "roving somatosensory oddball task",
"definition_text": "A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants must detect the presence of an oddball stimulus. The oddball is a stimulus that occurs infrequently relative to all other stimuli, and has distinct characteristics. For this particular implementation, the trains of stimuli are electrical pulses that between high and low intensity after a variable number of repetitions. For full details see:\r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811915010526",
"alias": "RSOT",
"ID(c)": 24292
},
{
"id": "trm_5696a9cfe45b1",
"name": "letter memory",
"definition_text": "A 45-item forced-choice recognition task that uses consonant letters as stimuli and manipulates face difficulty level along 2 dimensions: number of letters to be remembered and number of choices amongst which the target stimulus must be identified.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24293
},
{
"id": "trm_5696abecf2569",
"name": "DOSPERT ",
"definition_text": "A psychometric scale that assesses risk taking in five content domains: financial decisions (separately for investing versus gambling), health/safety, recreational, ethical, and social decisions. Respondents rate the likelihood that they would engage in domain-specific risky activities (Part I). An optional Part II assesses respondentsâ perceptions of the magnitude of the risks and expected benefits of the activities judged in Part I.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24294
},
{
"id": "trm_5696b180169bd",
"name": "Volatile Bandit",
"definition_text": "A decision maker chooses between two alternatives, both with a fixed unknown rate of reward. The subject is instructed to try to gain as much money as possible across all trials. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24295
},
{
"id": "trm_5696b316c220a",
"name": "Plus-minus",
"definition_text": "A task where subjects are told to add by a number and are subsequently instructed to subtract by that number.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24296
},
{
"id": "trm_5696b61ff253e",
"name": "multi-source interference task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a 3 digit number and are asked to respond which of the digits differ from the other two.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24297
},
{
"id": "trm_5696bb7166121",
"name": "hierarchical rule task",
"definition_text": "subjects must complete a battery of four response-selection tasks that were designed to test progressively higher degrees of hierarchically ordered control",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24298
},
{
"id": "trm_5696bcf1b5c64",
"name": "Tower of London Imagine",
"definition_text": "participants must mentally rearrange a set of three colored balls arranged on pegs, in the fewest possible moves, to match a specified configuration.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24299
},
{
"id": "trm_5696c2c063222",
"name": "Multiplication task",
"definition_text": "On every trial, subjects are presented with two numbers to multiply. They can mentally figure out the answer or use pen and paper, but the method must stay constant.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24300
},
{
"id": "trm_5696c3fa0061a",
"name": "Shift Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with three objects that differ along three dimensions (color, shape, texture). At any trial, the relevant dimension gives a higher probability of reward than the other two. This dimension may shift from trial to trial.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24301
},
{
"id": "trm_5696d061adfb5",
"name": "WRAT-4 Math Computation",
"definition_text": "Math Computation component of the Wide Range Achievement Test 4",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24302
},
{
"id": "trm_5696d0a4902df",
"name": "WRAT-4 Word Reading",
"definition_text": "Word reading component of the Wide Range Achievement Test 4",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24303
},
{
"id": "trm_5696e10fcd36a",
"name": "Penn Vocabulary Test",
"definition_text": "Vocabulary component of the Penn WebCNP Battery",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24304
},
{
"id": "trm_569989ef8cff4",
"name": "willingness to wait task",
"definition_text": "A task that asks participants to repeatedly decided how long to keep waiting for future monetary rewards (See Fig. 1a in paper link below). On each trial, the participant views a token that has no initial value but matures to a value of $0.30 after a random delay, and the participant can sell the token at any time to start a new trial and (possibly) maximize earnings. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v18/n5/full/nn.3994.html",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24305
},
{
"id": "trm_569d6eef27433",
"name": "gm Paradigm",
"definition_text": "A task that crosses reward-valence associations with a stop-signal task",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24306
},
{
"id": "trm_569fc84bd541d",
"name": "Penn Fractal N-Back",
"definition_text": "A measure of attention and working memory. In this task, participants are asked to pay attention to fractal designs displayed on the computer screen, one at a time, and to press the spacebar according to one rule: the 2-back. During the 2-back, the participant must press the spacebar whenever the design on the screen is the same as the one displayed before the previous one (i.e. in the series design A, design B, design A, the participant should press the spacebar on or immediately after the second design A . In all trials, the participant has 2500 ms to press the spacebar. The participant practice the 2-Back rule, in which he/she is allowed to make mistakes and then, when he/she completes all practices successfully, the task will begin.",
"alias": "sFNBx2, FNB2",
"ID(c)": 24307
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2b7c08a279",
"name": "Short Penn Continuous Performance Test-Number and Letter Version",
"definition_text": "A measure of visual attention and vigilance based on the Penn CPT [1]. In this task, a series of red vertical and horizontal lines flash in a digital numeric frame (resembling a digital clock . The task is divided into two types of blocks: one in which the participant must press the spacebar whenever these lines form a complete number, and one in which the participant must press the spacebar whenever these lines form a complete letter. Each block lasts 1.5m. Each stimulus flashes for 300 milliseconds followed by a blank page displayed for 700 milliseconds, giving the participant 1 sec to respond to each trial. The participant practices both types of trials before the task begins.\r\n",
"alias": "sPCPTNL, Short Penn CPT, Short PCPT-nl, Short NumLet-CPT",
"ID(c)": 24308
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a5f8315c5",
"name": "Penn Matrix Reasoning Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of abstraction and mental flexibility. It is a multiple choice task in which the participant must conceptualize spatial, design and numerical relations that range in difficulty from very easy to increasingly complex [2]. During the PMAT, the participant must click with the mouse on the square he/she thinks best fits in the missing square of the pattern. There are three types of patterns made up of 2x2, 3x3 and 1x5 arrangements of squares. Each item has five response choices. Each PMAT form has 24 items and 3 bonus items. There are two forms, PMAT24-A and PMAT24-B. The test is arranged in order of increasing difficulty of items and is discontinued after the participant chooses an incorrect response for any five items. The bonus items are selected based on the participantâs performance. There are two forms, PMAT24-A and PMAT24-B. The test is arranged in order of increasing difficulty of items and is discontinued after the participant chooses an incorrect response for any five items.\r\n",
"alias": "PMAT24-A, PMAT",
"ID(c)": 24309
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a622cdfbd",
"name": "Penn Facial Memory Test Delayed Memory",
"definition_text": "A measure of delayed face memory. In the first part of this test, participants were shown 20 faces that they were asked to identify for immediate recall (CPF . Now, during the delayed recall (CPFd , participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 40 faces: the 20 study stimuli/faces they were asked to memorize and 20 novel faces, all of which are different from the 20 distracters shown during the CPF. The participantsâ task is to decide whether they have seen each face before by clicking one of four buttons, presented in a 4-point scale: âdefinitely yesâ, âprobably yesâ, âprobably noâ and âdefinitely no,â using the mouse. There is one alternate form of the CPFd: the CPFd-b.\r\n",
"alias": "CPFd, Penn Face Memory Test - Delayed, PFMT, CPFd, CPFdelay, RCPFd",
"ID(c)": 24310
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a665baeb1",
"name": "Adult's Penn Word Memory Test Delayed Memory",
"definition_text": "A measure of delayed word memory. In the first part of this test, participants are shown 20 words that they were asked to identify for immediate recall (CPW . Now, during the delayed recall, participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 40 words: the 20 study stimuli they were asked to memorize and 20 novel stimuli, completely different from the 20 distracters showed on the CPW. The participantsâ task is to decide whether they have seen the word before by clicking one of four buttons, presented in a 4-point scale: âdefinitely yesâ, âprobably yesâ, âprobably noâ and âdefinitely no,â using the mouse. There is one alternate form of the CPWd: the CPWd-b.\r\n",
"alias": "CPWd, CPWdelay",
"ID(c)": 24311
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a6ad6edee",
"name": "Penn Visual Object Learning Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of visual object learning and memory. It was designed as a spatial analog of the California Verbal Learning Test. The sVOLT includes only the first set of trials of a series of 7 sets from the full version (VOLT [1]. In the first part of this test, participants are shown 10 threedimensional Euclidean shapes that they will be asked to identify for both immediate and delayed recalls (delayed recall = sVOLTd . During the immediate recall (sVOLT , participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 20 three-dimensional Euclidean shapes - the 10 shapes they were asked to memorize mixed with 10 novel shapes. The participantâs task is to decide whether he/she has seen the shape before by clicking with the mouse on one of four buttons: âDEFINITELY YESâ, âPROBABLY YESâ, "PROBABLY NO" and "DEFINITELY NO". (NOTE: The original sVOLT had only two response choices: âYES I have seen the shapeâ and âNO I have not seen the shape.â . Participants have 20 seconds to select a response before the test moves on to the next trial. There are two forms of the sVOLT: the sVOLT-A and sVOLT-B.\r\n",
"alias": "Short VOLT, VOLT, sVOLT",
"ID(c)": 24312
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a6ce24586",
"name": "Penn Emotion Recognition Task",
"definition_text": "A measure of emotion recognition. Participants are shown a series of 40 faces, one at a time, and asked to determine what emotion the face is showing for each trial. There are 5 answer choices: Happy, Sad, Angry, Scared and No Feeling. Participants respond to each trial by clicking word describing the emotion each faces expresses using the mouse. There are 4 female faces for each emotion (4 x 5 = 20 and 4 male faces for each emotion (4 x 5 = 20 . The children's version (k-ER40 uses the same stimuli as the adult version, but some of the emotion prompts are simplified: Anger => Angry, Fear=>Scared, No Emotion=>No Feeling. There are two forms of the childrenâs version: the k-er40-a and k-er40-b.\r\n",
"alias": "ER40, Children's ER40)",
"ID(c)": 24313
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a74ab3ef6",
"name": "Measured Emotion Differentiation Test",
"definition_text": "Measures the ability to detect emotion intensity. The subject is presented with pairs of faces. The MEDF presents a pair of faces and asks the participant to click the button labeled âThis Faceâ below the face that is showing more emotion (anger, fear, happiness, sadness , or the central button labeled âEqualâ if both faces are showing equal emotion. The stimuli are created using software to morph faces into differing intensities of emotion. For example, a 50 morph will be a 50 morph between a neutral face and the same identity expressing the target emotion. There are 36 trials in total, divided into happy, sad, angry, and fearful faces. Of the 36 trials, 4 show no emotional difference. The remaining 32 trials have emotion differentials in increments of 10 ranging from 10 - 60 , distributed more heavily toward 30 and 40 items. Trials are presented in random order, and the test is a forced-choice task with no time limit per trial. After the subject answers one trial, the test automatically moves to the next trial. Response time is recorded for each trial.\r\n",
"alias": "MEDF36, Measured EMODIFF, Morphed EMODIFF",
"ID(c)": 24314
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a7750ffd0",
"name": "Pennâs Logical Reasoning Test",
"definition_text": "A measure of verbal intellectual ability. It is a short version of the Penn Verbal Reasoning Test (PVRT [1, 2]. It is a multiple-choice task in which the participant must answer age-appropriate verbal analogy problems [2]. The shortPVRT has a total of 8 questions from the regular PVRT, which has 29 questions. The 8 questions were chosen after a statistical analysis of the PVRT, which demonstrated that these 8 questions could predict the scores of the regular 29- questions PVRT. There is a one alternate form for the shortPVRT: the shortPVRT-B.\r\n",
"alias": "sPVRT, Short PVRT, PVRT, shortPVRT",
"ID(c)": 24315
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a8d78dd39",
"name": "Ataxia",
"definition_text": "A measure for balance.\r\n\r\nInstructions:\r\nI want to see how well you can balance doing different things with your feet. I donât want you to fall, however, so if you feel as if you are going to fall, please step off the line and use the wall for support. If at any time you feel that you canât do these balance tests, please tell me and we will stop.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24316
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2a98785453",
"name": "Penn Visual Object Learning Test Delayed Memory",
"definition_text": "The delayed memory portion of the sVOLT tasj. \r\n\r\nIn the first part of this test, participants were shown 10 three-dimensional Euclidean shapes that they were asked to identify for immediate recall (sVOLT . Now, during the delayed recall (sVOLTd , participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 20 three-dimensional Euclidean shapes - the 10 shapes they were asked to memorize during the SVOLT mixed with 10 novel shapes. The participantâs task is to decide whether he/she has seen the shape before by clicking with the mouse on one of four buttons: âDEFINITELY YESâ, âPROBABLY YESâ, "PROBABLY NO" and "DEFINITELY NO". (NOTE: The original sVOLT had only two response choices: âYES I have seen the shapeâ and âNO I have not seen the shape.â . Participants have 20 seconds to select a response before the test moves on to the next trial. There are two forms of the sVOLTd: the sVOLTd-A and sVOLTd-B.\r\n",
"alias": "sVOLTd, Short VOLT delay, VOLTd, sVOLTd",
"ID(c)": 24317
},
{
"id": "trm_56a2abffcfae3",
"name": "Penn Motor Praxis",
"definition_text": "A measure of sensorimotor ability. Also, it was designed to familiarize the participant with the computer mouse used during most of the WebCNP tasks. During the MPraxis, the participant needs to move the computer mouse cursor over an ever-shrinking green box and click on it once each time it appears on a different location on the test-page. If participants canât complete the MPraxis, it is likely they wonât be able to complete any other WebCNP task.\r\n",
"alias": "Mpraxis, Mouse Practice",
"ID(c)": 24318
},
{
"id": "trm_56a9123fe580f",
"name": "stimulus selective stop signal task",
"definition_text": "This stop signal paradigm focuses on stimulus selective stopping, in which subjects stop to one signal and ignore another.\r\n\r\nhttp://psycnet.apa.org/journals/xge/143/1/455/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24319
},
{
"id": "trm_56a9137d9dce1",
"name": "behavioral approach/inhibition systems",
"definition_text": "A questoinnaire that gets at motivational that systems underlie behavior. A behavioral approach system (BAS) is believed to regulate appetitive motives, in which the goal is to move toward something desired. A behavioral avoidance (or inhibition) system (BIS) is said to regulate aversive motives, in which the goal is to move away from something unpleasant. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.psy.miami.edu/faculty/ccarver/sclBISBAS.html",
"alias": "BIS/BAS,BIS,BAS,BIS-BAS",
"ID(c)": 24320
},
{
"id": "trm_56a915461cd91",
"name": "brief self control scale",
"definition_text": "A 15-item scale that attempts to measure "good self control" using a likert scale (1-5)\r\n\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15016066 ",
"alias": "BSCS",
"ID(c)": 24321
},
{
"id": "trm_56a915fe77945",
"name": "future time perspective questionnaire",
"definition_text": "This questionnaire assesses an individualsâ perception of how much time they have left to live. Subjects will be presented with 10 items, which they must rate on a scale (1-5) how much they agree with the statement. \r\n\r\nFTP: Carsten-Lang Future Time Perspective Questionnaire (FTP)\r\nhttp://psych.stanford.edu/~lifespan/doc/FTP_English.pdf",
"alias": "FTP",
"ID(c)": 24322
},
{
"id": "trm_56a9166421494",
"name": "duckworth's short grit scale",
"definition_text": "This is a brief self-report and informant-report version of the Grit Scale, which measures trait-level perseverance and passion for long-term goals.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00223890802634290",
"alias": "GRIT-S",
"ID(c)": 24323
},
{
"id": "trm_56a919a478935",
"name": "ten item personality questionnaire",
"definition_text": "This 10-item questionnaire was designed to assess an individualsâ general personality using a reduced version of the Big-Five personality dimensions (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism). Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=strongly disagree, and 7=strongly agree. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092656603000461",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24324
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91a3082c31",
"name": "theories of willpower scale",
"definition_text": "This scale assesses an individualsâ perception on the availability of mental exertion, whether or not it is a limited or unlimited resource. Subjects are presented with 8 items, which they must rate on a scale (1-6) how much they agree with the statement.\r\n\r\nhttp://pss.sagepub.com/content/early/2010/09/28/0956797610384745.full#sec-22",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24325
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91a92043bc",
"name": "UPPS-P Impulsivity Scale",
"definition_text": "The UPPS+P assesses impulsivity across five facets: 1) premeditation, 2) positive urgency, 3) negative urgency, 4) perseverance, and 5) sensation-seeking. Subjects must answer 59 questions (~11 questions each domain). \r\n\r\nhttp://www1.psych.purdue.edu/~dlynam/upps+p.doc",
"alias": "UPPS-P",
"ID(c)": 24326
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91e3e982f9",
"name": "I7 impulsiveness and venturesomeness questionnaire",
"definition_text": "This questionnaire assesses an individualsâ score on impulsivity, venturesomeness, and empathy. Subjects are presented with 54 yes or no questions regarding the three above stated behavioral characteristics.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/019188698590011X",
"alias": "I7, I-7",
"ID(c)": 24327
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91e92eab46",
"name": "zimbardo time perspective inventory",
"definition_text": "A 56-item questionnaire that measures attitude towards time perspective across five domains: past-negative, present-hedonistic, future, past-positive, and present-fatalistic.\r\n\r\nZTPI: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory\r\nhttp://psycnet.apa.org/journals/psp/77/6/1271.pdf",
"alias": "ZTPI",
"ID(c)": 24328
},
{
"id": "trm_56a91ed5f1ccc",
"name": "self regulation questionnaire",
"definition_text": "Subjects will be presented with a 63-item questionnaire answerable through a Likert Scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree). These questions are designed to assess an individuals generalized ability to regulate behavior according to the seven-step model of self-regulation as proposed by Miller & Brown (1991). These seven steps include: receiving, evaluating, triggering, searching, formulating, implanting, and assessment. \r\n\r\n\r\nA Follow-Up Psychometric Analysis of the Self-Regulation Questionnaire\r\nhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2431129/",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24329
},
{
"id": "trm_56aa9833c4be2",
"name": "treatment self-regulation questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The TSRQ determines the underlying motivational system used by individuals to regulate behavior. According to the Self-Determination theory, motivation ranges from least to most self-determined, starting with 1) amotivation, 2) external, 3) introjected, 4) identified, and 5) integrated and intrinsic. The TSRQ is a 15-item questionnaire, where each item is a reason for changing or engaging in a health behavior. Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=not at all true, and 7=very true. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24330
},
{
"id": "trm_58335e885873f",
"name": "Hidden State Decision Making Task",
"definition_text": "On each trial, participants have to direct their attention to either a face or a house within a visual compound stimulus and judge the age of the shown example. Participants are instructed to determine whether to attend to face or house as follows: The category on the first trial of each block is instructed. Then, the category remained the same as long as the ages of the images in that category remained the same. If the age changed between trials, the participant should switch attention to the other category on the following trial. Finally, we told participants that no age comparison was required on the first trial after a switch.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24331
},
{
"id": "trm_56aac5f6e4702",
"name": "Eating questionnaire",
"definition_text": "3 factor eating questionnaire: cognitive restraint (CR), uncontrolled eating (UE), and emotional eating",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24332
},
{
"id": "trm_56ab12e0f1a61",
"name": "Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "Observing \r\nDescribing \r\nActing with Awareness\r\nNon-judging of experience \r\nNon-reactivity to experience ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24333
},
{
"id": "trm_56abcba3df89b",
"name": "Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale",
"definition_text": "Attention to and awareness across several domains of experience in daily life (e.g., cognitive, emotional, physical, and general)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24334
},
{
"id": "trm_56abebfe9aaa3",
"name": "Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale",
"definition_text": "This questionnaire is a list of 34 forced choice questions designed to assess an individualsâ optimal level of stimulation. Sample questions include: I would like to have a job which would require a lot of traveling (choice a) or I would prefer to have a job in one location (choice b).\r\n\r\nFour factors below:\r\nThrill and adventure seeking (TAS)\r\nExperience seeking (ES)\r\nDisinhibition (DIS)\r\nBoredom susceptibility (BS)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24335
},
{
"id": "trm_56ac06bac9334",
"name": "Selection-Optimization-Compensation (SOC) questionnaire ",
"definition_text": "The SOC questionnaire assesses an individualsâ developmental regulation across three processes: 1) Selection, 2) optimization, and 3) compensation. Subjects will be presented with 48 items (3 above + loss-based selection, 12 items each category) in which they must make a choice between an action corresponding to SOC behavior and an answer that is a distractor (reasonable alternative action not corresponding to SOC behavior). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24336
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbe12994926",
"name": "Stanford Leisure-Time Activity Categorical Item",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with 6 statements regarding levels of physical activity. Subjects must read all 6 statements and choose which statement best characterizes their physical behavior.",
"alias": "L-Cat",
"ID(c)": 24337
},
{
"id": "trm_57ebe6583f52d",
"name": "Moral Dilemma Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with vignettes describing either moral dilemmas or non-moral (control) situations. Each vignette is associated with a question requiring a yes/no answer, and the subject responds with a button press.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24338
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbe45003cf7",
"name": "Motor Selective Stop Signal Task",
"definition_text": "Similar to the traditional Stop Signal task except subjects stop to one "stop signal" (e.g., the imperative go stimulus turning blue) but not to another, similar "ignore signal" (e.g., the imperative go stimulus turning orange)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24339
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbea82c12bb",
"name": "Emotion Regulation Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are given the default instruction of viewing a negative image. They have the option to press a button and switch their instructions to "distract" or "reappraise." Electing to press the button and following those instructions will allow subjects to decrease the negative affect they are likely to be experiencing. However, to choose to distract or reappraise, subjects will have to proactively override their (inferior) default state of viewing, which requires monitoring and attention. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24340
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbead1a7ed4",
"name": "Emotion Regulation Questionnaire",
"definition_text": "The ERQ is a 10-item questionnaire designed to assess an individualâs strategy for coping with emotions, either reappraisal or suppression. Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=strongly disagree, and 7=strongly agree.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24341
},
{
"id": "trm_56bbee951f161",
"name": "Kirby Delay Discounting Task",
"definition_text": "Subjects must choose between smaller immediate monetary rewards or larger delayed rewards. There are 27 total items divided into three groups depending on the size of the larger reward (small, medium, large).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24342
},
{
"id": "trm_579640ddba2c0",
"name": "Birkbeck Reversible Sentence Comprehension Test",
"definition_text": "participants listen to a sentence and must select from several images the one that correspond to the sentence",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24343
},
{
"id": "trm_57964b8a66aed",
"name": "Montreal Cognitive Assessment",
"definition_text": "The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was designed as a rapid screening instrument for mild cognitive dysfunction. It assesses different cognitive domains: attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation. Time to administer the MoCA is approximately 10 minutes. The total possible score is 30 points; a score of 26 or above is considered normal. Participants with 12 years of education or less are awarded an extra point.",
"alias": "MoCA",
"ID(c)": 24344
},
{
"id": "trm_5798c6a933abc",
"name": "word recognition task",
"definition_text": "The participant is presented with a set of words to learn. The words are then presented again, mixed with words that the participant has not seen/heard. The participant must correctly identify the previously presented words.\r\n",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24345
},
{
"id": "trm_5798cb6027f28",
"name": "following commands",
"definition_text": "The participant is given verbal instructions such as "make a fist" or "point to the ceiling". Execution of the command is scored as correct. The commands may be simple or complex (for example having multiple steps).",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24346
},
{
"id": "trm_5798d0fbe2bd1",
"name": "ideational praxis task",
"definition_text": "The participant is given a sheet of paper and a long envelope. The participant is instructed to pretend to send the letter to himself or herself. The participant is told to put the paper into the envelope, seal it, address it to himself or herself, and stamp it. If the participant forgets part of the task, reinstruction is given. Impairment on this item should reflect dysfunction in executing an overlearned task only and not recall difficulty. The five components to this task are 1) fold letter, 2) put letter in envelope, 3) seal envelope, 4) address envelope, 5) put stamp on envelope.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24347
},
{
"id": "trm_5798d2693915d",
"name": "clock drawing task",
"definition_text": "The participant is asked to draw a clock showing a specific time. The task is scored based on the number of features correctly drawn.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24348
},
{
"id": "trm_5798d7ba0197d",
"name": "orientation test",
"definition_text": "The participant is asked questions to test their orientation in time and place. These include questions about the date, day of the week, season, name of current hospital and name of city.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24349
},
{
"id": "trm_5798f5c57048d",
"name": "National Adult Reading Test",
"definition_text": "The NART was specifically designed to provide a means of estimating the premorbid intelligence levels of adult patients suspected of suffering from intellectual deterioration.\r\nThe NART comprises a list of 50 words printed in order of increasing difficulty. The words are relatively short in order to avoid the possible adverse effects of stimulus complexity on the reading of dementing subjects, and they are all 'irregular' with respect to the common rules of pronunciation in order to minimise the possibility of reading by phonemic decoding rather than word recognition.\r\nThe subject reads aloud down the list of words and the number of errors made is recorded. WAIS Verbal, Performance and Full-Scale IQs can be predicted from this reading error score by inserting it into the appropriate formulae.\r\n(Hazel E. Nelson, 1982)",
"alias": "NART",
"ID(c)": 24350
},
{
"id": "trm_5798f94752841",
"name": "NART-R",
"definition_text": "The NART was specifically designed to provide a means of estimating the premorbid intelligence levels of adult patients suspected of suffering from intellectual deterioration.\r\nThe NART-R is a revision of the NART comprising 61 words with irregular pronunciations in North American English. It was standardized on participants from the USA and Canada.",
"alias": "National Adult Reading Test revised for use in North America",
"ID(c)": 24351
},
{
"id": "trm_5798fa39b4315",
"name": "American National Adult Reading Test",
"definition_text": "The NART was specifically designed to provide a means of estimating the premorbid intelligence levels of adult patients suspected of suffering from intellectual deterioration.\r\nThe AMNART was developed for use in the USA. Words particular to British English were replaced and predicted IQ was re-standardised.",
"alias": "AMNART",
"ID(c)": 24352
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0bf6b14b90",
"name": "Eckblad and Chapman's Hypomanic Personality Scale",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24353
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c015b603c",
"name": "Chapman Infrequency Scale",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24354
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c146e0019",
"name": "Chapman Perceptual Aberration Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses psychotic-like experiences such as bodily discontinuities and unusual scenery experiences (e.g., âI have felt that something outside my body was a part of my bodyâ). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24355
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c186b07d4",
"name": "Chapman Social Anhedonia Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses deficits in the ability to experience pleasure from non physical stimuli such as other people, talking, exchanging expressions of feelings (e.g., âA car ride is much more enjoyable if someone is with me.â). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24356
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c1af018a5",
"name": "Chapman Physical Anhedonia Scale",
"definition_text": "assesses a self-reported deficit in the ability to experience pleasure from typically pleasurable physical stimuli such as food, sex, and settings e.g., âBeautiful scenery has been a great delight to me.â). (from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ssw/projects/pmap/docs/chmielewski_chapman.pdf)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24357
},
{
"id": "trm_57c0c34e61fdf",
"name": "Continuous Performance Task",
"definition_text": "None",
"alias": "CPT",
"ID(c)": 24358
},
{
"id": "trm_5845a809e30d5",
"name": "False Belief task",
"definition_text": "In the 'false belief' condition of this task, subjects read a short vignette about a character, and then are asked to respond with 'True' or 'False' to a question that requires inferring the character's beliefs. A sample false-belief trial might be:\r\n\r\nVIGNETTE: The Garcia family goes to a Red Sox baseball game. They leave early, when the Red Sox are up 5-1, and take the train home. While they are on the train, the game finishes with the Red Sox down 5-6. \r\nTRUE/FALSE QUESTION: When the Garcia family get off the train, they believe that the Red Sox have lost the game.\r\n\r\nIn the control or 'photo' condition, subjects read a short vignette about an image, and then are asked to respond with 'True' or 'False' to a question that requires inferring the nature of the image. A sample photo trial might be:\r\n\r\nVIGNETTE: In 1856, when a painter depicted the river in an oil painting that now hangs in the Metropolitan Museum, many trees grew along the riverbank. In 1913, the trees were cut down and replaced with bushes.\r\nTRUE/FALSE QUESTION: In the painting, there are bushes lining the riverbank.\r\n\r\nIn fMRI paradigms, the contrast 'false belief' > 'photo' is used to isolate neural activation associated with Theory of Mind.",
"alias": "FB",
"ID(c)": 24359
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd45d1bd21",
"name": "vertical checkerboard",
"definition_text": "The subject views a flashing checkerboard with a vertical elongated shape. As a simplified retinotopic mapping procedure., this provides a rough definition of the boundary between some visual areas, e.g. V1 and V2. This is often contrasted with horizontal checkerboards.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24360
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd4fd8754a",
"name": "horizontal checkerboard",
"definition_text": "The subject views a flashing checkerboard with a horizontal elongated shape. As a simplified retinotopic mapping procedure, this provides a rough definition of the boundary between some visual areas, e.g. V2 and V3. This is often used in conjunction and contrasted with vertical checkerboards. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24361
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd8a2c77ca",
"name": "hand side recognition",
"definition_text": "State whether a given hand image is a palm or back image",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24362
},
{
"id": "trm_586fd907e4fc6",
"name": "hand chirality recognition",
"definition_text": "State whether a hand image is a left or right hand image.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24363
},
{
"id": "trm_5873cd1c9d4c4",
"name": "standard localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "\tFunctional localizer to map various large-scale functional cognitive networks. These are the various contrasts obtained by opposing the simple tasks as defined in [Pinel 2007 "Fast reproducible identification and large-scale databasing of individual functional cognitive networks"]. This standard localizer is a simple and fast acquisition procedure based on a 5-minute functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence that can be run as easily and as systematically as an anatomical scan. This protocol captures the cerebral bases of auditory and visual perception, motor actions, reading, language comprehension and mental calculation.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24364
},
{
"id": "trm_5873ce8e77d1d",
"name": "spatial localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task examined cognitive functions involved on spatial mapping. The paradigm consisted in four categories of blocks. Each block was formed by a set of short events, in which visual instructions related to one or two conditions of the same kind were displayed. These four categories of blocks were characterized as follows: \r\n(1) saccade, in which ocular movements were performed according to the displacement of a fixation cross from the center towards peripheral points in the image displayed; \r\n(2) mimicry of object grasping with right hand, in which the corresponding object was displayed on the screen; \r\n(3) mimic orientation of rhombus, displayed as image background on the screen\r\nTasks of conditions (2) and (3) were featured by the same visual stimuli in order to capture grasping-specific activity, using\r\nright hand along with fingers; \r\n(4) mental judgement on the left-right direction of a hand displayed as visual stimulus; and\r\n(5) mental judgement on the palmar-dorsal direction of a hand displayed as visual stimulus. \r\nThe first three aforementioned conditions contained one active condition. In contrast, the forth and fifth blocks included two active conditions, referring each one to the relative directions of the hand represented.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24365
},
{
"id": "trm_5873d014bcfc8",
"name": "Social localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This task tackles cognitive functions implicated on social cognition, namely mental abilities linked to the *theory of mind* or social interplay. There are three categories of blocks constituted by a set of events related to specific conditions. Each block integrates two conditions of the same kind. They can be described as follows: \r\n1. mechanistic audio: interpret short stories (presented as auditory stimuli) through mental reply (no active response was involved), featuring a cause-consequence plot;\r\n2. mechanistic video: interpret short stories (presented as visual stimuli) through mental reply (no active response was\r\n involved), featuring a cause-consequence plot;\r\n3 triangle mental: watch short movies of triangles, which\r\n exhibit a putative movement;\r\n4 triangle random: watch short movies of triangles, which\r\n exhibit a random movement;\r\n5 false belief audio: interpret short stories (presented as auditory stimuli) through mental reply (no active response was involved), featuring a false-belief plot;\r\n6 false belief video: interpret short stories (presented as visual stimuli) through mental reply (no active response was involved), featuring a false-belief plot;\r\n7 speech sound: listen passively to short samples of human voices;\r\n8 non speech sound: listen passively to short samples of natural sounds.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24366
},
{
"id": "trm_5873d0be34b8f",
"name": "emotional localizer fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This is an emotional paradigm that include facial judgements of gender, trustworthiness and expression based on face photographs or photographs reduced to the eyes. More precisely, the following conditions were presented:\r\n1 face gender: gender evaluation of the presented human faces;\r\n2 face control: mental assessment on the slope of a gray-scale grid image that may be tilted or not;\r\n3 face trusty: trustworthy evaluation of the presented human faces;\r\n4 expression intention: trustworthy evaluation of the presented human eye images;\r\n5 expression gender: gender evaluation of the presented human eye images;\r\n6 expression control: mental assessment on the slope of a gray-scale grid image that may be tilted or not.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24367
},
{
"id": "trm_5873e2469dd0d",
"name": "synatcting and semantic fMRI task paradigm",
"definition_text": "This is a language mapping task designed for fMRI, in which subjects are presented sequences of 10-items in rapid serial visual presentation. These sequences can be\r\n1. A sentence with complex syntactic structure\r\n2. A sentence with simple syntactic structure\r\n3. A list of words\r\n4. A sentence of jabberwocky\r\n5. A list of pseudo-words (from the same distribution as jabberwocky)\r\n6. Consonant strings\r\nA probe is then presented and the subject has to respond whether it was one of 10 items of the previously presented sequence.\r\nEach trial lasts 10 seconds.\r\nContrasts between these conditions can be used to probe syntactic-specific or semantic-specific responses.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24368
},
{
"id": "trm_5879199fde201",
"name": "body image self-reflection task",
"definition_text": "Participants view images of virtual models dressed in underclothing or swimwear. Upon viewing each image, they are instructed to 'Imagine that someone is comparing your body to the body of the woman/man you see in the picture. That is, imagine someone is saying "your body looks like hers/his."' Participants view images from their own sex only.\r\n\r\nFor more details, see: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886910000735",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24369
},
{
"id": "trm_5887c029d46f4",
"name": "Gustatory stimulation with liquid tastes or flavors ",
"definition_text": "In this task, liquid flavors or tastes are orally presented in quantities of one to several milliliters. Oral stimuli are presented by using a gusto-meter consisting of a pump mechanism, tubes and a mouthpiece attached to the MRI head coil. Usually, visual and/or auditory cues are used to provide instructions and/or cues to participants. These may include but are not limited to when to expect oral stimulation and when to swallow. Trials usually last up to 30 seconds and include an oral stimulus of interest, a behavioral response from the participant, and a rinsing procedure to rinse the palate. \r\n\r\nReferences:\r\nSee e.g.,\r\nDalenberg, J. R., Hoogeveen, H. R., Renken, R. J., Langers, D. R. M., & ter Horst, G. J. (2015). Functional specialization of the male insula during taste perception. NeuroImage, 119, 210â220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.062\r\nMarciani, L., Pfeiffer, J. C., Hort, J., Head, K., Bush, D., Taylor, A. J., ⦠Gowland, P. A. (2006). Improved methods for fMRI studies of combined taste and aroma stimuli. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 158, 186â194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.05.035\r\nVeldhuizen, M. G., Bender, G., Constable, R. T., & Small, D. M. (2007). Trying to detect taste in a tasteless solution: modulation of early gustatory cortex by attention to taste. Chemical Senses, 32(6), 569â81. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjm025\r\n",
"alias": "Taste stimulation, Flavor stimulation",
"ID(c)": 24370
},
{
"id": "trm_58a5d31f5c72d",
"name": "Biological Motion Perception (Passive Viewing) Paradigm",
"definition_text": "Participants passively view point-light displays of either coherent human biological motion or scrambled versions of those same displays.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24371
},
{
"id": "trm_58ab8a6131c5a",
"name": "route learning",
"definition_text": "Subjects study sets of real-world routes. For each subject, the set of routes includes (a) pairs that share a common path before diverging to terminate at distinct destinations (âoverlapping routesâ) and (b) pairs with no paths in common (ânon-overlapping routesâ) Importantly, each route contributes to both conditions. For example, âroute 1â and âroute 2â are overlapping routes, but âroute 1â and âroute 3â are non-overlapping routes. Each route contains an initial segment that is shared with another route , and a later segment, including the destination, that is route-specific. Although the real-world spatial locations of the overlapping segments are identical, the pictures for each route are taken at different times and therefore differ subtly in terms of pedestrians, vehicles, etc. Routes are studied twice per round for 14 rounds. Subjects are instructed to learn each route (i.e., the specific path to each destination) but are not told the destination at the start of the route. After each study round, subjects are shown individual pictures drawn from the routes and are asked to select the destination associated with each picture. Of central interest is accuracy for pictures drawn from Segment 1 of each route because selecting the correct destination for these pictures requires discriminating between overlapping routes. \r\n\r\nFor more details, see: http://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/01/10/099226",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24372
},
{
"id": "trm_58c80c3376c95",
"name": "Social Norm Processing Task",
"definition_text": "The revised Social Norm Processing Task (SNPT-R) is a paradigm enabling the study of behavioral and neural responses to intended and unintended social norm violations, among both adults and adolescence (Bas-Hoogendam et al., under review). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24373
},
{
"id": "trm_59668f09db813",
"name": "Yellow Light Game",
"definition_text": "The Yellow Light Game (YLG) is a computerized driving simulation task that was modified from the Stoplight Task (Gardner & Steinberg, 2005; Chein et al., 2011). Similar to the Stoplight Task, each run in the YLG involves participants driving on a straight road with 20 intersections, each controlled by a traffic light. Participants are instructed that the goal of the game is to get the fastest time. At each intersection, when the traffic light turns yellow, participants choose to either continue through the intersection (Go decision), or to stop the car (Stop decision); they are not able to accelerate or steer. Participants are instructed that Go decisions would result in the fastest time, unless another car is present on the cross street, in which case the participant would crash. Crashes double the time spent at an intersection compared to if the participant had decided to stop. Therefore, Go decisions are considered âriskyâ, whereas Stop decisions are considered âsafeâ. Upon completion of a run, participants are presented with their completion time and the number of crashes during that run.\r\n\r\nA unique feature of the YLG is that there are three different types of intersections, which vary based on the timing of yellow light onset and the presence or absence of a car on the cross street. Some intersections have a 75% probability of crashing, others have a 25% probability of crashing, and the remaining intersections have a 50% probability of crashing. To prevent the task from promoting risk taking overall, the cumulative probability of crashing is set to 50% (i.e., 10 out of the 20 intersections have cars approaching on the cross street, resulting in a crash if the participant made a Go decision). This task feature is not explicitly communicated to participants, although participants have the opportunity to implicitly learn this information based on the differential timing of the yellow light onsets associated with each type of intersection. That is, intersections at which the light turns yellow earlier (i.e., when the participant was further away from the intersection) signal a greater crash probability. By including the different types of intersections, we are able to distinguish between adaptive and maladaptive risk taking, without promoting risk taking overall, as the cumulative probability of crashing is 50%. For more information about and access to the task, please visit: https://dsn.uoregon.edu/research/yellow-light-game/. ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24374
},
{
"id": "trm_597249e1ec9d3",
"name": "network traversal task",
"definition_text": "Subjects are presented with a sequence of stimuli whose order is determined by a walk (e.g., Random, Eulerian, Hamiltonian) over an underlying network.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24375
},
{
"id": "trm_5975f939336c0",
"name": "motorphotic",
"definition_text": "This task is intended to stimulate both primary visual and motor cortices.\r\nDuring this task, subjects are instructed to tap their fingers (right-hand, left-hand or bilateral) on a visual cue, in the form of a black-and-white, flashing checkerboard, that appears on the screen. A fixation cross may also appear at the center of the screen to help subjects maintain their gaze.",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24376
},
{
"id": "trm_59cd03eeeab30",
"name": "Fictitious event ordering",
"definition_text": "The participant has to judge which one from two events taken from a fictitious story took place first. \r\nFor this, the participant, need to be aware of the story.\r\nThis task probes mental Time Travel abilities.\r\n\r\nA variant of this task consists in ordering the events in space (North/south, East/West). ",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24377
},
{
"id": "trm_59ed1f7a0ac9c",
"name": "episodic recombination paradigm",
"definition_text": "The episodic recombination paradigm (Addis et al., 2009) was designed to study episodic simulations (remembering past events, or imagining novel future events). In this paradigm, participants first provide a set of autobiographical memories, each comprised of a set of details, e.g., a person, place, and object. They later return for a separate session in which they are cued to recall some of these episodes. For the imagination trials, details concerning person, place, and object are experimentally recombined across events, and participants are asked to imagine an event that might occur in the future involving the recombined set of details. Participants press a button once they have constructed the past or future event and after that continue to simulate the event, generating as much detail as possible. This is typically followed by ratings of phenomenological characteristics of the simulated events, e.g., detail or difficulty. \r\n\r\n(description adapted from Addis et al., 2010)",
"alias": "",
"ID(c)": 24378
}
]