UsernameRPoldrack
TitleProfessor
OrganizationUCLA
Account Created2009-02-24 13:33:51
Terms114 terms contributed2012-01-28: memory guided saccade task2012-01-28: verbal working memory task2012-01-28: numerosity estimation task2012-01-28: parity judgment task2012-01-28: shadowing task2012-01-28: false belief task2012-01-28: prototype distortion task2012-01-28: relational reasoning task2012-01-28: social judgment task2012-01-28: spatial working memory task2012-01-28: biological motion task2012-01-28: odd-even task2012-01-28: multi-attribute decision making task2012-01-28: bimanual coordination task2012-01-28: rapid serial visual presentation task2012-01-28: analogical reasoning task2012-01-28: negative priming task2012-01-28: autobiographical memory task2012-01-28: color naming task2012-01-28: random-dot motion task2012-01-28: artificial grammar learning task2012-01-28: mirror reading task2012-01-28: syntactic task2012-01-28: Wason card selection task2012-01-28: gambling task2012-01-28: contextual cueing task2012-01-28: object naming task2012-01-28: prospective memory task2012-01-28: visual search task2012-01-28: stop-change task2012-01-28: phoneme detection task2012-01-28: living-nonliving task2012-01-28: orthographic task2012-01-28: face-name association task2012-01-28: target detection task2012-01-28: face matching task2012-01-28: short-term memory task2012-01-28: general knowledge task2012-01-28: Fitts task2012-01-28: object working memory task2012-01-28: face working memory task2012-01-28: updating task2012-01-28: Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices2012-01-28: reappraisal task2012-01-28: Cambridge risk task2012-01-28: fame judgment task2012-01-28: passive avoidance task2012-01-28: recency judgment task2012-01-28: word-picture matching task2012-01-28: sentence comprehension task2012-01-28: global-local task2012-01-28: gender discrimination task2012-01-28: serial reaction time task2012-01-28: semantic memory task2012-01-28: phonemic fluency task2012-01-28: semantic fluency task2012-01-28: phonological task2012-01-28: semantic task2012-01-28: mentalizing task2012-01-28: Multisource interference task2012-01-28: conjunction search task2012-01-28: Cyberball task2012-01-28: verb generation task2012-01-28: random number generation task2012-01-28: mental arithmetic task2012-01-28: switch task2012-01-28: logical reasoning task2012-01-28: phonetic discrimination task2012-01-28: Instrumental learning task2012-01-28: spelling task2012-01-28: problem solving task2012-01-28: semantic classification task2012-01-28: abstract/concrete task2012-01-28: recall test2012-01-28: navigation task2012-01-28: categorization task2012-01-28: visually guided saccade task2012-01-28: Letter case judgment task2012-01-28: word comprehension task2012-01-28: verbal fluency task2012-01-28: Mental imagery task2012-01-28: auditory temporal discrimination task2012-01-28: semantic relatedness task2012-01-28: covert naming task2012-01-28: semantic decision task2012-01-28: Monetary incentive delay task2011-11-11: word one-back task2011-11-11: object one-back task2011-11-11: object n-back2011-11-11: Abstract/concrete judgment: Bilingual2011-08-24: heat stimulation2011-08-24: interoceptive representation2011-08-24: body representation2011-08-09: tactile working memory2011-04-12: selective stop signal task2011-03-31: Rhyme verification task2010-10-06: Conditional stop signal task2010-10-06: Probabilistic classification task2010-10-06: Mixed gambles task2010-07-16: keep-track task2010-07-16: self-ordered pointing task2010-07-16: AX-CPT task2010-07-16: listening span task2010-07-16: reading span task2010-07-16: operation span task2010-07-14: oculomotor delayed response2010-07-14: letter number sequencing2010-07-14: task set2010-07-14: updating2010-07-14: interference resolution2010-02-17: behavioral inhibition (temperament)2010-01-10: Continuous Performance Task2010-01-07: Task set reconfiguration2010-01-07: Motor response suppression
Definitions162 definitions contributed2012-01-28: memory guided saccade task :: ""2012-01-28: verbal working memory task :: "A class of tasks involving the online maintenance and/or manipulation of verbal information."2012-01-28: numerosity estimation task :: ""2012-01-28: parity judgment task :: ""2012-01-28: shadowing task :: ""2012-01-28: Theory of Mind Task :: "Subjects are asked to perform a task involving the understanding of another's personal beliefs a"2012-01-28: false belief task :: ""2012-01-28: pyramids and palm trees task :: "a semantic memory test that presents one word or picture above two others. The participant is then a"2012-01-28: Word Stem Completion (Overt) :: "Subjects view word stems and overtly generate a word that completes the stem."2012-01-28: prototype distortion task :: ""2012-01-28: relational reasoning task :: ""2012-01-28: Color-word Stroop Task :: "A task in which single words (including names of colors) are presented in colored ink, and the subje"2012-01-28: social judgment task :: ""2012-01-28: spatial working memory task :: ""2012-01-28: Sternberg delayed recognition task :: "Subjects view a string of letters. After a delay, a probe letter is presented and subjects indicate"2012-01-28: biological motion task :: ""2012-01-28: odd-even task :: ""2012-01-28: multi-attribute decision making task :: ""2012-01-28: Wisconsin Card Sorting test :: "The participant is presented with stimulus cards with shapes on them. The cards differ in color of "2012-01-28: bimanual coordination task :: ""2012-01-28: rapid serial visual presentation task :: ""2012-01-28: analogical reasoning task :: ""2012-01-28: negative priming task :: ""2012-01-28: matching pennies game :: "The game is played between two players, Player A and Player B. Each player has a penny and must secr"2012-01-28: autobiographical memory task :: ""2012-01-28: color naming task :: ""2012-01-28: color-discrimination task :: "is a behavioral task where a subject is to make specific responses when presented with particular co"2012-01-28: gender discrimination task :: ""2012-01-28: random-dot motion task :: ""2012-01-28: artificial grammar learning task :: ""2012-01-28: mirror reading task :: ""2012-01-28: syntactic task :: "A class of tasks involving the processing of linguistic syntax."2012-01-28: gambling task :: "A class of tasks in which subjects make decisions about chance gambles."2012-01-28: Wason card selection task :: ""2012-01-28: contextual cueing task :: ""2012-01-28: object naming task :: ""2012-01-28: prospective memory task :: ""2012-01-28: visual search task :: ""2012-01-28: stop-change task :: "A task in which the subject makes a discriminative response by default, but makes a different respon"2012-01-28: phoneme detection task :: ""2012-01-28: living-nonliving task :: ""2012-01-28: orthographic task :: "A task that requires processing of letter structure"2012-01-28: face-name association task :: ""2012-01-28: target detection task :: ""2012-01-28: face matching task :: ""2012-01-28: short-term memory task :: ""2012-01-28: general knowledge task :: ""2012-01-28: Fitts task :: ""2012-01-28: Letter naming task :: "Participants are presented with letters and asked to give the name for each letter as it appears or "2012-01-28: Vigilance :: "No definition submitted yet."2012-01-28: object working memory task :: ""2012-01-28: face working memory task :: ""2012-01-28: updating task :: ""2012-01-28: Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices :: ""2012-01-28: reappraisal task :: ""2012-01-28: stop signal task :: "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor"2012-01-28: Cambridge risk task :: ""2012-01-28: fame judgment task :: ""2012-01-28: passive avoidance task :: ""2012-01-28: recency judgment task :: ""2012-01-28: Eriksen flanker task :: "A task in which participants view stimuli (typically arrows) presented one at a time and to which th"2012-01-28: word-picture matching task :: ""2012-01-28: sentence comprehension task :: ""2012-01-28: Reading (Covert) :: "Subjects view words, pseudo-words, Asian characters, phrases, or sentences and read them silently."2012-01-28: Lexical decision task :: "a procedure used in many psychology and psycholinguistics experiments; the basic procedure involves "2012-01-28: Paired Associate Learning :: "was invented by Mary Whiton Calkins in 1894 and involves the pairing of two items (usually words)—"2012-01-28: Go/no-go task :: "A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants perform a binary decis"2012-01-28: Monetary incentive delay task :: "Task in which subject makes a response within a time window and is potentially rewarded for the resp"2012-01-28: global-local task :: ""2012-01-28: Tone Monitor/Discrimination :: "Subjects are presented with tones and are instructed to listen to them passively (also coded as Pass"2012-01-28: serial reaction time task :: ""2012-01-28: Pain Monitor/Discrimination Task :: "Subjects experience thermal or electrical stimulation at a painful threshold."2012-01-28: semantic memory task :: "A task requiring the subject to use knowledge retrieved from semantic memory."2012-01-28: phonemic fluency task :: ""2012-01-28: semantic fluency task :: ""2012-01-28: phonological task :: "Any task that requires the subject to process the sound structure of words."2012-01-28: semantic task :: "Any task that requires subjects to process the meaning of stimuli"2012-01-28: mentalizing task :: ""2012-01-28: Phonological Discrimination :: "Subjects view or listen to phonemes, syllables, or words and discriminate according to some feature "2012-01-28: Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test :: "No definition submitted yet."2012-01-28: Morris Water Maze :: "No definition submitted yet."2012-01-28: Multisource interference task :: "A task in which the subject must resolve multiple sources of interference."2012-01-28: Visual Pursuit/Tracking :: "Subjects view a moving target(s) and track its movement across the screen. Frequently, stimuli are "2012-01-28: conjunction search task :: "A task that requires the subject to search for a stimulus defined by a combination of visual feature"2012-01-28: Same-Different Task :: "A task which assesses shifting attention. In the computerized version of this task, three spaceships"2012-01-28: Cyberball task :: "A task in which subjects view a set of balls interacting in game. At some point one of the balls is"2012-01-28: verb generation task :: "A task in which subjects are presented with nouns and generate an associated verb."2012-01-28: Probabilistic classification task :: "Subjects are presented with a set of stimuli and must classify those stimuli into one of two categor"2012-01-28: random number generation task :: "A task in which the subject generates a series of random numbers."2012-01-28: mental arithmetic task :: "A task in which the subject performs arithmetic computations without an external means of recording"2012-01-28: delayed nonmatch to sample task :: "A task in which an target is presented and then removed from view. This target must be maintained in"2012-01-28: delayed match to sample task :: "Subjects view an item(s). After a brief delay a probe item is presented and subjects are asked to re"2012-01-28: Rhyme verification task :: "Stimuli are presented in pairs (either words or pseudowords) and the subject is asked to judge wheth"2012-01-28: switch task :: "A paradigm requiring subjects to switch between performing multiple different individual tasks."2012-01-28: semantic association task :: "Participants are shown pairs of words or pictures and asked to identify if the items are semanticall"2012-01-28: Divided Auditory Attention :: "During the performance of an unrelated task, subjects simultaneously respond to auditory stimuli (to"2012-01-28: logical reasoning task :: "A task that requires the use of logical reasoning."2012-01-28: Naming (Overt) :: "Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them aloud."2012-01-28: n-back task :: "A task in which items (e.g., letters) are presented one at a time and participants must identify eac"2012-01-28: phonetic discrimination task :: "A task in which the subject discriminates stimuli based on phonetic features."2012-01-28: covert naming task :: "A task in which subjects name a stimulus silently"2012-01-28: Antisaccade/prosaccade task :: "Subjects view a fixation point and a visual target is presented. Subjects are instructed to make a "2012-01-28: Instrumental learning task :: "A task in which a subject learns to respond through rewards."2012-01-28: Pseudoword naming task :: "Participants are presented (usually one at a time, rather than in list form) with words and pseudowo"2012-01-28: spelling task :: "A task in which subjects are asked to spell words."2012-01-28: problem solving task :: "A task in which subjects must solve a conceptual problem."2012-01-28: semantic classification task :: "A task in which the subject classifies stimuli based on meaning"2012-01-28: abstract/concrete task :: "A task in which subjects decide whether words are abstract or concrete."2012-01-28: recall test :: "A test in which the subject is asked to produce a list of previously studied items."2012-01-28: navigation task :: "A task in which the subject navigates a spatial layout."2012-01-28: categorization task :: "Task in which a subject classifies stimuli into one of a set of categories"2012-01-28: visually guided saccade task :: "A task in which subjects make visually guided eye movements."2012-01-28: Letter case judgment task :: "A task in which the subject decides whether letters are uppercase or lowercase."2012-01-28: word comprehension task :: "A task that measures the comprehension of word meaning."2012-01-28: Pitch Monitor/Discrimination :: "Subjects are presented with various stimuli (human speech and non-speech vocalizations, animal vocal"2012-01-28: verbal fluency task :: "A test of the ability to verbally produce words."2012-01-28: Mental imagery task :: "A task in which subjects create mental images"2012-01-28: auditory temporal discrimination task :: "A task in which the subject discriminates auditory stimuli based on temporal characteristics."2012-01-28: semantic relatedness task :: "A task in which subjects judge whether a set of stimuli are related by meaning."2012-01-28: semantic decision task :: "A task in which a subject makes a decision about the meaning of a stimulus."2011-12-12: Stroop task :: "Subjects view color names presented in various ink colors and are instructed to name the color of th"2011-11-11: word one-back task :: "A one-back task on which subjects are presented with words or word-like stimuli"2011-11-11: object one-back task :: "A one-back task in which the stimuli are images of visual objects"2011-11-11: object n-back :: "An n-back task in which the stimuli are images of visual objects."2011-11-11: Abstract/concrete judgment: Bilingual :: "Task in which subjects are presented with words that are either abstract or concrete nouns, and deci"2011-08-24: kinesthesia :: "a sense mediated by receptors located in muscles, tendons, and joints and stimulated by bodily movem"2011-08-24: kinaesthetic representation :: "is a representation of sensory inputs from muscles, tendons, and joints (e.g.,the joint angles used "2011-08-24: interoceptive representation :: "A representation of the internal state of the body"2011-08-24: body representation :: "A mental representation of one's own body"2011-08-10: Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale :: "a rating scale used to follow the longitudinal course of Parkinson's disease, made up of the fol"2011-08-10: Cups task :: "On each trial, participants choose between a risky and safe option. Each trial involves either gains"2011-08-10: Rapid Automatized Naming Test :: ""Participants are required to name, as rapidly as possible, items presented visually on a chart."2011-08-10: letter number sequencing :: "a task that requires the reordering of an initially unordered set of letters and numbers"2011-08-10: Continuous Performance Task :: "A task in which subjects are presented with a stream of letters, and must respond to one of the lett"2011-08-09: working memory :: "active maintenance and flexible updating of goal/task relevant information (items, goals, strategies"2011-04-12: selective stop signal task :: "A version of the stop signal task where inhibition is contingent upon both the presence of the stop "2011-04-09: false memory :: "a memory that refers to an event that did not actually occur"2011-04-09: anchoring :: "a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to rely too heavily, or "anchor," "2011-03-30: syntactic parsing :: "the way that human beings, rather than computers, analyze a sentence or phrase (in spoken language o"2011-03-30: category based induction :: "requires that information about one set of categories is used to infer something about another categ"2010-10-06: Conditional stop signal task :: "A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor"2010-10-06: Mixed gambles task :: "Subjects are presented with gambles in which they have a 50% chance of gaining some amount of money "2010-07-16: keep-track task :: "A task in which subjects are first shown a set of categories to keep track of for a particular trial"2010-07-16: self-ordered pointing task :: "A task in which a set of stimuli is presented, and subjects must point to one stimulus at a time, wi"2010-07-16: AX-CPT task :: "A version of the continuous performance task in which subjects are told to make one response for the"2010-07-16: listening span task :: "A task in which subjects must listen to a set of sentences and remember the last word in the sentenc"2010-07-16: reading span task :: "A task that requires participants to read series of unconnected sentences aloud and to remember the "2010-07-16: operation span task :: "A task in which subjects are asked to perform a simple mathematical verification (e.g., 4/2 +1 = 3) "2010-07-14: oculomotor delayed response :: "a task that requires an eye movement to be made to a cued location after a delay"2010-07-14: goal maintenance :: "The maintenance of information regarding task goals in working memory."2010-07-14: interference resolution :: "The process of selecting information with regard to its relevance to an ongoing task."2010-07-14: active maintenance :: "The maintenance of information in working memory through active (volitional) rather than passive mea"2010-02-17: behavioral inhibition (temperament) :: "A temperamental characteristic described by shyness and social anxiety."2010-01-10: cognitive control :: "The top-down modulation of cognitive processes based on higher-order representations such as goals o"2010-01-10: behavioral inhibition :: "Disambiguation"2010-01-10: action selection :: "The selection of one action from a set of possible actions."2010-01-10: response selection :: "The selection of one action from a set of possible actions."2010-01-10: semantic working memory :: "Working memory for meaning"2010-01-10: executive function :: "A top-down system that manages and controls other cognitive processes, allowing goal-directed behavi"2010-01-10: executive control :: "A top-down system that manages and controls other cognitive processes, allowing goal-directed behavi"2010-01-07: Motor response suppression :: "Active suppression of a motoric action that has already been initiated."2009-07-10: auditory working memory :: "Working memory for auditory information"
Assertions42 assertions contributed2012-01-28: Abstract/concrete judgment: Bilingual is descended from abstract/concrete task2011-09-09: pain is measured by the contrast of Pain versus No Pain in the Tonic pain stimulation2011-08-24: kinesthesia is a kind of somatosensation2011-08-24: kinaesthetic representation is a part of kinesthesia2011-08-24: interoceptive representation is a kind of body representation2011-08-24: kinaesthetic representation is a kind of body representation2011-08-10: visual working memory is a kind of working memory2011-08-09: Stroop task is descended from 2011-08-09: tactile working memory is a kind of working memory2011-08-09: is descended from Stroop task2011-04-12: selective stop signal task is descended from stop signal task2010-07-16: CPT is an exact synonym of Continuous Performance Task2010-07-16: listening span task is a broader synonym of Salthouse and Babcock Listening Span task 2010-07-14: updating is a part of working memory2010-07-14: interference resolution is a part of working memory2010-07-14: active maintenance is a part of working memory2010-05-17: working memory is a kind of cognitive control2010-02-17: behavioral inhibition (cognitive) is an exact synonym of response inhibition2010-02-17: working memory is measured by the contrast of Failure to maintain set trials in the Wisconsin Card S2010-02-17: task switching is measured by the contrast of Perseverative errors trials in the Wisconsin Card Sort2010-01-10: action selection is an exact synonym of response selection2010-01-10: response inhibition is a kind of executive function2010-01-10: cognitive control is a narrower synonym of executive function2010-01-10: working memory is measured by the contrast of delay trials in the delayed nonmatch to sample task2010-01-10: working memory is measured by the contrast of delay minus no delay trials in the delayed nonmatch to2010-01-10: auditory working memory is a kind of working memory2010-01-10: visuospatial sketch pad is a part of spatial working memory2010-01-10: semantic working memory is a kind of working memory2010-01-10: central executive is a part of executive function2010-01-10: executive function is an exact synonym of executive control2010-01-10: working memory is a part of executive function2010-01-10: working memory storage is a part of working memory2010-01-10: working memory retrieval is a part of working memory2010-01-10: working memory is measured by the contrast of 1-back trials in the n-back task2010-01-10: working memory is measured by the contrast of 2-back trials in the n-back task2010-01-10: working memory is measured by the contrast of 3-back trials in the n-back task2010-01-10: working memory is measured by the contrast of 3-back minus 1-back trials in the n-back task2010-01-10: n-back task is descended from Continuous Performance Task2010-01-10: spatial working memory is a kind of working memory2010-01-10: working memory is a kind of memory2010-01-10: response inhibition is measured by the contrast of Stop trial trials in the Go/no-go task2010-01-10: response inhibition is measured by the contrast of Stop Signal Reaction Time trials in the stop sign
Citations14 citations contributed2011-08-10: Functional dissociations of risk and reward processing in the medial prefrontal cortex.2011-08-09: Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: an integrative review.2011-03-30: Expertise and category-based induction.2010-10-06: Triangulating a cognitive control network using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 2010-10-06: Probabilistic classification learning in amnesia.2010-10-06: The neural basis of loss aversion in decision-making under risk.2010-08-17: Cortical and subcortical contributions to Stop signal response inhibition: role of the subthalamic n2010-07-16: The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex 2010-02-17: Behavioral inhibition: linking biology and behavior within a developmental framework.2010-01-10: An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function.2010-01-10: The central executive: a concept and some misconceptions.2010-01-10: The neural basis of inhibition in cognitive control.2010-01-10: N-back working memory paradigm: a meta-analysis of normative functional neuroimaging studies.2010-01-06: Response inhibition in the stop-signal paradigm.
Comments15 comments contributed2011-08-17: for the task contrasts, you should not include the concepts that they supposedly measure (e.g., "2011-04-09: definition from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchoring2011-03-30: Initial definition adapted from Proffitt et al. cited above2011-03-30: Initial definition based on: Parsing. Retrieved March 28, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki2010-12-31: Please go ahead and edit the description as you see fit.2010-07-15: We have created a new blog site - please visit us at http://blog.cognitiveatlas.org2010-07-13: The new definition (as of July 13, 2010) is based on a discussion at the RDoC working memory meeting2010-03-04: Work on the Atlas is progressing well - thanks to those of you who have been contributing! We 2010-02-17: Thanks to everyone who has signed up and started contributing to the Cognitive Atlas! We are n2010-02-17: This one turns out to be tricky. What I have done is to code each category of error as a "condi2010-02-17: I have edited the description to simply describe the task and not to claim that it involves any part2010-02-17: I have added condition entries for each of the three conditions described in the text - I don't 2010-02-17: Rather than having separate indicators for different conditions, each condition should be specified 2010-02-17: Please note - this page is for the mental concept of task switching, which should be defined as a me2010-01-10: Thanks for visiting the Cognitive Atlas site. We have opened it up to the community, although
Russ Poldrack