Browse Terms
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| Terms | Type | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| saccade | concept | a small rapid jerky movement of the eye especially as it jumps from fixation on one point to another. (From merriam-webster.com) |
| sadness | concept | an emotion characterized by feelings of disadvantage, loss, and helplessness. (from Wikipedia) |
| salience | concept | the state or quality of an item that stands out relative to neighboring items. (From Wikipedia) |
| Salthouse and Babcock Listening Span task | task | No definition submitted yet |
| Same-Different Task | task | A task which assesses shifting attention. In the computerized version of this task, three spaceships appear on a screen and the participant must determine if the spaceships are all different or all the same... |
| schema | concept | a diagrammatic presentation; broadly; a structured framework or plan; a mental codification of experience that includes a particular organized way of perceiving cognitively and responding to a complex situation or set of stimuli... |
| search | concept | to look into or over carefully or thoroughly in an effort to find or discover something; to look through or explore by inspecting possible places of concealment or investigating suspicious circumstances; to look at as if to discover or penetrate intention or nature; to uncover, find, or come to know by inquiry or scrutiny... |
| selective attention | concept | When multiple external sensory inputs are present, the process of dedicating cognitive and perceptual resources to one type/set of input and attenuating receptiveness to other inputs. |
| selective attention task | task | No definition submitted yet |
| self monitoring | concept | measurement of one's own behavior. (from http://www.psywww.com/intropsych/ch05_conditioning/self-monitoring.html) |
| self-ordered pointing task | task | A task in which a set of stimuli is presented, and subjects must point to one stimulus at a time, without ever pointing at the same stimulus twice. |
| semantic anomaly judgement task | task | No definition submitted yet |
| semantic association task | task | No definition submitted yet |
| semantic category | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| semantic knowledge | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| semantic memory | concept | refers to one's conceptual knowledge and includes the meanings of words, factual information about the world, and other information not related to specific events or episodes |
| semantic processing | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| semantic working memory | concept | Working memory for meaning |
| sensory memory | concept | the ability to retain impressions of sensory information after the original stimulus has ceased. (from Wikipedia) |
| sentence | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| sentence completion test | task | a test that provides respondents with beginnings of sentences, referred to as “stems,” and respondents then complete the sentences in ways that are meaningful to them. The responses are believed to provide indications of attitudes, beliefs, motivations, or other mental states... |
| sentence comprehension | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| sentence processing | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| sentence production | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| sequence learning | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| serial learning | concept | The process of acquiring information in sequence and following an order that must be preserved at recall. |
| serial processing | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| serial search | concept | The process of identifying a target within a set of candidate elements by testing the identity of each element against the identity of the sought after target one at a time. |
| set shifting | concept | The process of changing ones behavioral objective. |
| Set-shifting task | task | A task in which participants alternate between two or more judgments typically regarding the same set of stimuli. Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each judgment. |
| shadowing | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| shallow processing | concept | a mode of thinking in which one pays attention only to appearances and other superficial aspects of the material, typically leading to poor memory retention. (from http://psychology.lyana.ca//dictionary/shallow-processing/) |
| shame | concept | a painful emotion caused by consciousness of guilt, shortcoming, or impropriety; a condition of humiliating disgrace or disrepute; something that brings censure or reproach. (from merriam-webster.com) |
| short term memory | concept | A limited-capacity and short-lasting representation of information in the mind. The duration of short-term memory is on the order of seconds, while its capacity is on the order of 4 to 9 independent items. |
| sibilant | concept | having, containing, or producing the sound of or a sound resembling that of the s or the sh in sash. (from merrriam-webster.com) |
| Simon task | task | No definition submitted yet |
| simple reaction time task | task | task that assesses the ability of the subject to respond to an external cue and retrieve a reward. (from http://nbc.jhu.edu/beh/srt.aspx) |
| skepticism | concept | an attitude of doubt or a disposition to incredulity either in general or toward a particular object. (from merriam-webster.com) |
| skill | concept | Proficiency, facility, or dexterity that is acquired or developed through training or experience. (From thefreedictionary.com) |
| skill acquisition | concept | The process of learning to perform a task or set of tasks with increasing facility. Typically implies the formation of procedural (as distinct from semantic or episodic) memories. |
| skill learning | concept | the gradual learning of new skills such as cognitive motor and perceptual skills. (from alzheimers.about.com) |
| social cognition | concept | the encoding, storage, retrieval, and processing, in the brain, of information relating to conspecifics, or members of the same species. (From Wikipedia) |
| social context | concept | the identical or similar social positions and social roles as a whole that influence the individuals of a group. (from Wikipedia) |
| social intelligence | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| somatosensation | concept | the components of the central and peripheral nervous systems that receive and interpret sensory information from organs in the joints, ligaments, muscles, and skin. This system processes information about the length, degree of stretch, tension, and contraction of muscles; pain; temperature; pressure; and joint position... |
| somatosensory perception | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| somatotopic map | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| sonorous | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| source memory | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| source memory test | task | No definition submitted yet |
| source monitoring | concept | The process of identifying the the source or context at acquisition of information that has been stored in memory. |
| Span/Supra-Span Test | task | No definition submitted yet |
| spatial ability | concept | skill in perceiving the visual world, transforming and modifying initial perceptions, and mentally recreating spatial aspects of one's visual experience without the relevant stimuli. (from http://social... |
| spatial attention | concept | The allocation or prioritization of mental resources based on spatial coordinates (with respect to the body, head etc). |
| spatial cognition | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| spatial cueing | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| spatial memory | concept | the part of memory responsible for recording information about one's environment and its spatial orientation. (from Wikipedia) |
| spatial n-back task | task | No definition submitted yet |
| spatial working memory | concept | The ability to maintain online information that relates to space. This process has limited capacity and its contents are not stored permanently. |
| speech | concept | the communication or expression of thoughts in spoken words. (From merriam-webster.com) |
| speech perception | concept | the process by which the sounds of language are heard, interpreted and understood. (from Wikipedia) |
| speech processing | concept | the study of speech signals and the processing methods of these signals. (from Wikipedia) |
| speech production | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| spelling | concept | the writing of a word or words with the necessary letters and diacritics present in an accepted standard order. (From Wikipedia) |
| Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Questionnaire | task | instrument used to measure trait (chronic) anxiety, a general propensity to be anxious, and state (temporary) anxiety, a temporary state varying in intensity, in adults. (from Wikipedia) |
| spreading activation | concept | a method for searching associative networks, neural networks, or semantic networks; the search process is initiated by labeling a set of source nodes (e.g. concepts in a semantic network) with weights or "activation" and then iteratively propagating or "spreading" that activation out to other nodes linked to the source nodes... |
| stereopsis | concept | the process in visual perception leading to the sensation of depth from the two slightly different projections of the world onto the retinas of the two eyes. (from Wikipedia) |
| stereotypes | concept | something conforming to a fixed or general pattern; a standardized mental picture that is held in common by members of a group and that represents an oversimplified opinion, prejudiced attitude, or uncritical judgment... |
| Sternberg delayed recognition task | task | No definition submitted yet |
| stop signal task | task | A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response. |
| strategic learning | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| strategy | concept | A plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal (from Wikipedia) |
| stress | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| Stroop task | task | No definition submitted yet |
| Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) Axis I Disorder | task | a diagnostic exam used to determine DSM-IV Axis I disorders (major mental disorders). (from Wikipedia) |
| sublexical route | concept | is a theoretical component of Coltheart's dual-route reading model that refers to using spelling-to-sound correspondences to convert a written word (i.e. orthography) into a spoken word (i.e. phonology)... |
| subliminal perception | concept | a visual or auditory message that is allegedly perceived psychologically, but not consciously. (from marketing.about.com) occurs when a stimulus is too weak to be perceived yet a person is influenced by it... |
| subordinate | concept | placed in or occupying a lower class, rank, or position; inferior; submissive to or controlled by authority. (from merriam-webster.com) |
| subvocal speech | concept | Slight movements of the speech muscles, related to thinking but producing no sound. (from yourdictionary.com) |
| subvocalization | concept | the act or process of inaudibly articulating speech with the speech organs. (from merriam-webster.com) |
| suffix | concept | an affix which is placed after the stem of a word. (from Wikipedia) |
| supervisory attentional system | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| surprise | concept | a brief emotional state that is the result of experiencing an unexpected relevant event. (From Wikipedia) |
| sustained attention | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| swallowing reflex | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| syllable | concept | A unit of organization for a sequence of speech sounds (from Wikipedia) |
| symbol-digit substitution | task | No definition submitted yet |
| Symptom Checklist-90-Revised | task | a relatively brief self-report psychometric instrument designed to evaluate a broad range of psychological problems and symptoms of psychopathology. It is also useful in measuring the progress and outcome of psychiatric and psychological treatments or for research purposes... |
| synonym | concept | A word with a meaning that is similar or identical to the reference. |
| syntactic acceptability judgement task | task | No definition submitted yet |
| syntactic parsing | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| syntactic processing | concept | No definition submitted yet |
| syntax | concept | the way in which linguistic elements (as words) are put together to form constituents (as phrases or clauses); a connected or orderly system, harmonious arrangement of parts or elements. (from meriam-webster... |