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Terms Type Definition
dative shiftdative shift concept a grammatical process by which an oblique argument of a verb, usually one functioning as a recipient or a benefactive (roles often expressed by datives), is placed in the same grammatical role as a patient, increasing the valency of the verb and forming a clause with two objects.
decay of activationdecay of activation concept An explanation for why spreading activation, in network-based models of knowledge representation, peters out as a function of the distance between nodes.
deceptiondeception concept an act to propagate beliefs that are not true, or not the whole truth (as in half-truths or omission).
Deception TaskDeception Task task Subjects are asked to perform a task and either lie or be truthful in their responses.
decisiondecision concept The outcome of a process during which a choice is made, usually between several possible options
decision makingdecision making concept The selection of a course of action among several alternatives.
declarative knowledgedeclarative knowledge concept Knowledge that is descriptive and includes knowing "that" rather than knowing "how" (can be expressed in declarative sentences).
declarative memorydeclarative memory concept Memory for facts, and that can be intentionally articulated in some manner.
declarative ruledeclarative rule concept A criterion for which one possesses declarative knowledge. Contrasts with an implicit or non-declarative rule, which one might follow but not represent as a rule or even be aware that they are following.
deductive inferencedeductive inference concept A type of inference in which the conclusion always follows from the stated premises.If the premises are true, then the conclusion is valid.
deductive reasoningdeductive reasoning concept is reasoning which constructs or evaluates deductive arguments. Deductive arguments are attempts to show that a conclusion necessarily follows from a set of premises or hypotheses.
Deductive Reasoning TaskDeductive Reasoning Task task Participants generate or evaluate conclusions based on given or well-known premises.
deep processingdeep processing concept Evaluating a piece of information in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics.
deep structuredeep structure concept The essential meaning of a sentence, without regard to the grammatical features (surface structure) of the sentence that are needed to express it in words.
delayed discounting taskdelayed discounting task task A task for identifying preferences over tradeoffs between costs and benefits occurring at different times.
delayed match to sample taskdelayed match to sample task task Subjects view an item(s). After a brief delay a probe item is presented and subjects are asked to recall if the probe item was presented before the delay (during encoding). Stimuli can be words, pictures, or abstract patterns...
delayed nonmatch to sample taskdelayed nonmatch to sample task task A task in which an target is presented and then removed from view. This target must be maintained in working memory for a delay, after which it is presented with non-target(s). The participant's task is to identify the non-target.
delayed recall testdelayed recall test task A task in which participants are given information to remember (list of words or paragraph) and which they are asked to reproduce after some span of time.
delayed response taskdelayed response task task No definition submitted yet.
depth cuedepth cue concept Depth perception arises from a variety of depth cues. These are typically classified into binocular cues that require input from both eyes and monocular cues that require the input from just one eye. Binocular cues include stereopsis, yielding depth from binocular vision through exploitation of parallax...
depth perceptiondepth perception concept Ability to perceive the visual world in three dimensions.
desiredesire concept to long or hope for, exhibit or feel desire for; to express a wish for.
deterministic classificationdeterministic classification task Is a feedback-driven learning task in which participants classify stimuli into different categories. A common version of this task is the "weather prediction task."
Devils TaskDevils Task task This task is a forerunner to the BART: on each trial, participants decide howmany of seven treasure chests to open. They are informed that six boxes contain a prize and one box contains a ‘devil’ that will cause themto lose all their potential gains on that trial...
dichotic listening taskdichotic listening task task No definition submitted yet.
Digit Cancellation TaskDigit Cancellation Task task No definition submitted yet.
Digit span taskDigit span task task A task in which participants are presented with sequentially presented digits and are then asked to recall the items. The number of digits that can be correctly recalled provides an estimate of working memory capacity.
Digit/Symbol Coding testDigit/Symbol Coding test task a neuropsychological test sensitive to brain damage, dementia, age and depression; consists of (e.g. nine) digit-symbol pairs (e.g. 1/-,2/┴ ... 7/Λ,8/X,9/=) followed by a list of digits. Under each digit the subject should write down the corresponding symbol as fast as possible...
diphthongdiphthong concept a gliding monosyllabic speech sound (as the vowel combination at the end of toy) that starts at or near the articulatory position for one vowel and moves to or toward the position of another.
directed forgetting taskdirected forgetting task task No definition submitted yet.
discoursediscourse concept the capacity of orderly thought or procedure, verbal interchange of ideas; formal and orderly and usually extended expression of thought on a subject, connected speech or writing, linguistic unit larger than a sentence.
discourse comprehensiondiscourse comprehension concept Discourse comprehension is the act of interpreting a written or spoken message by integrating the incoming information into the memory or knowledge structures of the interpreter.
discourse knowledgediscourse knowledge concept Iara Lessa summarizes Michel Foucault's definition of discourse as “systems of thoughts composed of ideas, attitudes, courses of action, beliefs and practices that systematically construct the subjects and the worlds of which they speak...
discourse planningdiscourse planning concept the formulation of structures, patterns, mental representations, and processes that constitute the written and spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence.
discourse processingdiscourse processing concept is the cognitive process that investigates the structures, patterns, mental representations, and processes that underlie the written and spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence...
discourse productiondiscourse production concept the formation of a spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence.
dispositionsdispositions concept Tendency to act in a particular manner given a certain set of antecedents.
distractiondistraction concept Any event that interrupts a mental process.
distributed codingdistributed coding concept A type of coding in which the information that constitutes a concept (or mental representation) is spread amongst a number of constituent representations.
divergent thinkingdivergent thinking concept a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions.
divided attentiondivided attention concept A state in which the focus of attention is spread across more than one object or event.
Divided Auditory AttentionDivided Auditory Attention task During the performance of an unrelated task, subjects simultaneously respond to auditory stimuli (tone or word discrimination, with or without distractors). Also often co-coded with Tone Monitor/Discrimination.
Doors and People TestDoors and People Test task Doors and People is a test of long-term memory. It yields a single age-scaled overall score which can be ‘unpacked’ to give separate measures of visual and verbal memory, recall and recognition, and forgetting.
Dot Pattern Expectancy TaskDot Pattern Expectancy Task task No definition submitted yet.
DrawingDrawing task Subjects draw lines, circles, or drawings using a pen or stylus.
dreamdream concept a succession of thoughts, images, sounds or emotions which the mind experiences during sleep.
Dual SensitizationDual Sensitization task Heat stimuli below, at, and above pain threshold (PT; stimulation interval: 30 – 40 seconds) are applied to the skin and the participant gives continuous pain ratings on a visual analogue scale.
dual-task paradigmdual-task paradigm task NO definition submitted yet.
dual-task weather predictiondual-task weather prediction task A task in which a subject must attend and respond to two different tasks contained in one experimental run; one task is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on whether the response was correct or incorrect...