Subjects are presented with a set of stimuli and must classify those stimuli into one of two categories. In a common version known as the "weather prediction task" the stimuli are cards with geometric shapes on them and the outcomes are rainy versus sunny weather. The feedback is probabilistic, and performance is measured by the proportion of statistically optimal responses.
Synonyms: probabilistic classification learning task, weather prediction task Definition contributed by RPoldrack about four months ago.